27:
475:
1452:
2151:
708:
2766:
3345:
2139:
459:
2651:
2074:
1440:
3333:
1691:
612:
3492:
2707:
19:
2384:
1884:
3480:
2985:
1102:
1090:
3118:
1762:
1292:
3615:
2163:
1597:
2372:
893:
2778:
3130:
1872:
2538:
156:, are fully marine in habitat, but are pulmonate gastropods that breathe air at low tide rather than having gills like most marine species. Other species listed here live in habitats that are intermediate between land and saltwater, or in brackish water habitats intermediate between freshwater and full-salinity saltwater.
444:
times or even earlier. Those species that do not have a shell usually do not leave an archeological or fossil record, and therefore it is not always possible to determine whether they are native or introduced. Species are considered to be native, unless otherwise indicated on the list; this
202:
occurring in
Britain. A major revision of the slug fauna published in 2014, partly based on genetic sequencing, established that there were 20% more species than had previously been recognised. Not all these species have been definitely identified and some are formally undescribed.
3467:
This group of exotic land and freshwater species are not truly part of the fauna because they do not live in the wild. Many are tropical and thus are incapable of surviving in the wild in Great
Britain; instead they have established themselves as uninvited inhabitants of
439:
An attempt has been made to label the families as aquatic, terrestrial or intermediate, and an indication is given where it is thought that the species is introduced. Some introductions to Great
Britain are quite ancient, dating from
445:
information is taken from Kerney (1999) updated in the case of slugs with the opinions of Rowson et al. (2014). The status and taxonomy of freshwater gastropods has been updated according to Rowson et al. (2021).
218:. These species are known as "hothouse aliens", and are listed separately at the end of the main list. In this list these species are not counted as part of the fauna. Also not included are species such as
179:, found near Tilbury docks in 2017. Other species have been added to the list as a result of taxonomic revisions; for instance, only in 2009 was it recognised that snails previously known as
4714:
4759:
4229:
Razkin, O.; Gómez-Moliner, B.; Vardinoyannis, K.; Martínez-Ortí, A.; Madeira, M.J. (2016). "Species delimitation for cryptic species complexes: case study of
118:
432:
A number of species are listed with subspecies, in cases where there are well-recognized subspecies in different parts of Europe. For some species a
4769:
4647:
690:
4871:
3746:
356:
4914:
3761:
159:
Additional species are still being added to the list of the non-marine malacofauna of Great
Britain. Four of the more recent discoveries are:
4924:
4016:"The slugs of Britain and Ireland: undetected and undescribed species increase a well-studied, economically important fauna by more than 20%"
4876:
4734:
4891:
4764:
4744:
4944:
4739:
4677:
421:) are now locally extinct (in Great Britain, sometimes abbreviated here as G.B.), but they still occur in other parts of Europe.
4471:"Opinion 2355 (Case 3581): Turbo bidens Linnaeus, 1758 (Gastropoda, Clausilidae): request to set aside the neotype not granted"
3756:
138:
144:
A number of species of snails listed here are sometimes also found on lists of marine species. Two listed here, in the genera
4939:
4815:
4749:
4620:
4097:
4934:
4729:
4640:
4835:
4352:
3751:
4855:
4700:
4213:
4192:
363:
4850:
4724:
165:, first recorded in 1993 but probably the result of introductions with Italian statuary a century or more earlier;
122:
4919:
4633:
4840:
4774:
4754:
4845:
4719:
4709:
3939:(Roth, 1839) (Gastropoda: Hygromiidae) established in Essex, an addition to the fauna of Britain and Ireland"
226:
that have been found outdoors on single occasions but seem never to have established persisting populations.
31:
4929:
4886:
3106:
448:
Note: the images used to illustrate the list are mostly of specimens that were found in other countries.
385:
4810:
4284:
4572:
4439:
4298:
1489:
633:
551:
3909:
in
Portugal with notes on other populations in Western Europe (Gastropoda, Pulmonata: Hygromiidae)"
3375:
3308:
3183:
2918:
1481:
978:
699:
3646:
3436:
2958:
2475:
1166:
740:
599:
429:
The list is arranged by presumed biological affinity, rather than being alphabetical by family.
4881:
4656:
3732:
3514:
3484:
3399:
2910:
2826:
2642:
2517:
2467:
2283:
2143:
876:
161:
47:
26:
3383:
3292:
3244:
2680:
2655:
2509:
2363:
2200:
2167:
1405:
1222:
1174:
950:
868:
860:
718:
581:
496:
467:
206:
In addition to the species that survive outdoors in Great
Britain, there are also another 15
167:
3933:
Anderson, R.; Giusti, F.; Telfer, M.; Manganelli, G.; Pieńkowska, J.R.; Lesicki, A. (2018).
4027:
3766:
3420:
3337:
3276:
2976:
2950:
2818:
2728:
2451:
2345:
2222:
2211:
2130:
1973:
1745:
1696:
1238:
1106:
1032:
659:
616:
411:
210:
gastropod species (some terrestrial and some aquatic) which live as "uninvited guests" in
8:
3682:
3598:
3532:
3496:
3367:
3359:
3284:
3260:
3017:
2799:
2757:
2711:
2688:
2634:
2626:
2604:
2559:
2542:
2459:
2192:
2184:
1753:
1737:
1556:
1537:
1513:
1444:
1283:
1254:
1246:
1123:
884:
677:
543:
535:
479:
130:
4031:
4615:
4490:
4421:
4250:
4050:
4015:
3567:
3454:
3350:
3268:
3236:
3212:
3006:
2942:
2934:
2926:
2896:
2869:
2842:
2834:
2770:
2529:
2413:
2388:
2354:
2327:
2242:
2122:
2079:
2057:
1838:
1820:
1721:
1674:
1580:
1465:
1456:
1423:
1389:
1324:
1317:
1190:
914:
809:
801:
713:
433:
417:
401:
371:
51:
4417:
4672:
4425:
4209:
4188:
4129:
4093:
4055:
3934:
3904:
3628:
3580:
3324:
3228:
3220:
3204:
2850:
2810:
2749:
2672:
2501:
2319:
2301:
2155:
2031:
1860:
1791:
1766:
1666:
1588:
1505:
1262:
1230:
1155:
1131:
1094:
1021:
1013:
1005:
986:
852:
569:
474:
87:
50:; this total excludes species found only in hothouses and aquaria. The list includes
4494:
4328:
Owen, C; Rowson, B.; Wilkinson, K. (2016). "First record of the predatory semi-slug
4254:
3817:
4667:
4552:
4482:
4413:
4242:
4171:
Protection for wild animals on
Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act, 1981
4045:
4035:
3981:
3871:
3698:
3619:
3550:
3391:
3316:
3252:
3167:
3122:
3097:
3050:
3039:
2888:
2877:
2782:
2577:
2439:
2275:
2249:
2230:
2104:
2096:
2065:
2049:
2005:
1981:
1888:
1812:
1713:
1682:
1648:
1640:
1602:
1473:
1139:
1061:
970:
827:
793:
775:
748:
651:
198:
181:
134:
4610:
4117:
4040:
3714:
3607:
3300:
3175:
3134:
2858:
2615:
2493:
2336:
2040:
1997:
1989:
1947:
1921:
1572:
1564:
1545:
1521:
1497:
1340:
1332:
1296:
1214:
1206:
1081:
1053:
994:
462:
377:
186:
4682:
3690:
3637:
3589:
3523:
3058:
2740:
2719:
2588:
2484:
2431:
2113:
1829:
1529:
1451:
1373:
1355:
1198:
1069:
956:
897:
759:
734:
624:
207:
98:
83:
63:
4271:
spp.) surveillance in
Scotland: a condition assessment of Geyer’s whorl snail
2150:
4908:
4228:
4133:
3706:
3428:
3151:
3081:
3073:
2989:
2967:
2663:
2550:
2405:
2376:
2267:
1414:
1364:
1147:
962:
707:
517:
441:
393:
193:
114:
18:
4509:
3986:
3961:
3479:
436:
is given, where the species may perhaps be better known under another name.
121:; for more information on the complex nomenclature of this area, please see
4557:
4536:
4169:
4059:
3655:
3445:
3411:
3159:
3028:
2596:
2568:
2013:
1955:
1929:
1619:
1610:
1432:
668:
560:
4486:
2765:
66:(adapted to live in the sea) are not included here, except for two marine
4625:
4384:
Hutchinson, J.M.C.; Reise, H.; Schlitt, B. (7 July 2022). "Will the real
3851:-like slug new to Western Europe (Stylommatophora: Trigonochlamydidae)".
3673:
3559:
3344:
3195:
2790:
2175:
2138:
2087:
1913:
1783:
1704:
1304:
1274:
1114:
932:
905:
725:
642:
590:
526:
4470:
3332:
2650:
2073:
1439:
458:
4606:
The
Families of British Non-marine Molluscs (Slugs, Snails and Mussels)
4090:
Slugs of
Britain and Ireland: identification, understanding and control
3664:
3541:
3469:
2310:
1905:
1876:
1690:
1631:
941:
843:
818:
784:
611:
508:
452:
211:
146:
79:
71:
55:
4246:
3491:
2706:
4118:"An annotated list of the non-marine molluscs of Britain and Ireland"
3723:
3505:
3142:
2997:
2396:
2383:
2258:
1896:
1883:
1803:
1657:
836:
487:
67:
3960:
Proschwitz, T. von; Schander, C.; Jueg, U.; Thorkildsen, S. (2009).
3117:
2984:
1761:
1291:
1101:
1089:
46:
that have been recorded in the scientific literature as part of the
3769:, an important 20th century author on non-marine molluscs of the UK
3614:
3473:
3129:
3090:
2162:
1851:
1596:
1044:
923:
215:
106:
59:
4605:
4204:
Rowson, B.; Powell, H.; Willing, M.; Dobson, M.; Shaw, H. (2021).
4014:
Rowson, B.; Anderson, R.; Turner, J.A.; Symondson, W.O.C. (2014).
2371:
892:
351:
Those species that are recognized as endangered are shown with an
3959:
2777:
126:
102:
43:
4185:
Atlas of the land and freshwater molluscs of Britain and Ireland
3736:
Hutchinson, Reise & Schlitt, 2022 – not recorded since 1930s
4332:(Draparnaud, 1805) from the UK (Eupulmonata: Daudebardiidae)".
3476:
within greenhouses, and similar artificially-heated habitats.
1774:
94:
3932:
2980:(O.F. Müller, 1774) – probably introduced, now extinct in G.B.
4087:
4013:
3462:
2537:
1871:
389:
is partly protected since 1991 and fully protected since 1998
152:
110:
4088:
Rowson, B.; Turner, J.; Anderson, R.; Symondson, W. (2014).
2533:
Reise, Hutchinson, Schunack & Schlitt, 2011 – introduced
90:
and clams, including some that can tolerate brackish water.
362:
Some species are protected in the United Kingdom under the
171:, a species new to science, which was first found in 2004;
75:
4203:
607:(A. Schmidt, 1856) – perhaps introduced, perhaps extinct
229:
The following table shows a summary of species numbers.
3794:(Gastropoda: Clausiliidae): a new record for Britain".
308:
Molluscs introduced in natural habitats, total: updated
4383:
1969:
Garrido, Castillejo & Iglesias, 1995 – introduced?
3554:(Michelin, 1831), native to Indo-China and Indonesia
2846:(Draparnaud, 1805) – introduced, now extinct in G.B.
119:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
4327:
3962:"Morphology, ecology and DNA-barcoding distinguish
555:(Gray in Griffith & Pidgeon, 1833) – introduced
4208:(First ed.). Telford: Field Studies Council.
3836:
2471:Hutchinson, Reise & Schlitt, 2022 – introduced
4535:Aldridge, D.; Ho, S.; Froufe, E (November 2014).
490:– aquatic (this species tolerates brackish water)
4906:
4534:
4350:
4111:
4109:
3869:
3747:List of endangered species in the British Isles
357:List of endangered species in the British Isles
3928:
3926:
3902:
3762:List of non-marine molluscs of the Netherlands
926:– aquatic (marine but an intertidal pulmonate)
908:– aquatic (marine but an intertidal pulmonate)
42:This list comprises 239 species of non-marine
4641:
4281:Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report
4083:
4081:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4073:
4071:
4069:
4009:
4007:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3997:
3953:
3898:
3896:
3863:
3815:
3789:
291:Gastropods introduced (in natural habitats):
175:, discovered on a Cornish cliff in 2011; and
4379:
4377:
4296:
4106:
3811:
3809:
3785:
3783:
3752:Biota of the Isle of Man#Mollusca (molluscs)
4621:UK Biodiversity Action Plans from 1995-1999
3923:
3842:
3822:: a second colony is discovered in England"
2521:(Lessona & Pollonera, 1882) – synonym:
299:Bivalves introduced (in natural habitats):
70:snails. In other words, this list includes
4655:
4648:
4634:
4222:
4197:
4140:
4066:
3994:
3893:
982:(Say, 1817) – introduced, believed extinct
4556:
4374:
4049:
4039:
3985:
3970:(Linnaeus, 1758) (Pulmonata: Pupillidae)"
3806:
3780:
2563:(O.F. Müller, 1774) – probably introduced
2367:Rowson & Symondson, 2008 – introduced
327:(not included in numbers for total fauna)
101:, comprising the contiguous countries of
4541:(Andrusov, 1897), invades Great Britain"
4462:
4206:Freshwater snails of Britain and Ireland
4115:
3613:
3490:
3478:
3343:
3331:
3128:
3116:
2983:
2776:
2764:
2705:
2649:
2536:
2382:
2370:
2161:
2149:
2137:
2072:
1882:
1870:
1760:
1689:
1595:
1450:
1438:
1290:
1100:
1088:
891:
706:
610:
473:
457:
189:occupying different habitats, with both
38:shows some shells of British land snails
25:
17:
4872:Endangered species of the British Isles
3826:The Archaeo+Malacology Group Newsletter
1315:(Potiez & Michaud, 1838) – synonym:
22:Location of the island of Great Britain
4907:
4577:Hutchinson, Reise & Schlitt, 2022"
4507:
4444:Hutchinson, Reise & Schlitt, 2022"
4146:
3870:Reise, H.; Hutchinson, J.M.C. (2009).
3796:The Archeo+Malacology Group Newsletter
3757:List of non-marine molluscs of Ireland
2854:(Da Costa, 1778) – probably introduced
1307:– terrestrial (some almost amphibious)
405:was fully protected from 1981 to 1988.
320:Gastropods living as "hothouse aliens"
139:List of non-marine molluscs of Ireland
125:.) The mollusc fauna of the island of
4915:Lists of animals of the British Isles
4629:
4267:Killeen I. J. (2013). "Whorl snails (
4187:, Harley Books, Colchester, England,
3903:Holyoak, D.T.; Holyoak, G.A. (2014).
2922:(Rossmässler, 1838) – probably native
2735:(O.F. Müller, 1774) – probably native
2331:(A. Férussac, 1807) – probably native
1686:(Charpentier, 1837) – probably native
235:Non-marine molluscs of Great Britain
4925:Lists of biota of the United Kingdom
4877:Endemic species of the British Isles
4468:
4275:, and the round-mouthed whorl snail
2822:(Poiret, 1801) – probably introduced
1937:auct. non Mabille, 1868 – introduced
728:– aquatic (some are arguably marine)
579:(Hanley in Thorpe, 1844) – synonym:
409:Two of the land snails on the list (
334:Bivalves living as "hothouse aliens"
48:fauna of the island of Great Britain
4892:Birds of Leicestershire and Rutland
4475:Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature
4279:in Perthshire and the Black Isle".
627:– terrestrial (intermediate marine)
563:– terrestrial (intermediate marine)
325:15 (11 terrestrial + 4 freshwater)
253:55 (including 2 marine pulmonates)
36:Illustrated Index of British Shells
13:
4537:"The Ponto-Caspian quagga mussel,
4092:. Telford: Field Studies Council.
2622:Draparnaud, 1805 – probably native
424:
14:
4956:
4599:
4174:. website accessed 7 August 2009.
2914:(Bellamy, 1839) – probably native
2900:(O.F. Müller, 1774) – introduced?
2814:(L. Pfeiffer, 1850) – introduced?
2753:(O.F. Müller, 1774) – introduced?
2305:(A. Férussac, 1823) – introduced?
2297:(Kaleniczenko, 1851) – introduced
1824:(Shuttleworth, 1852) – introduced
1493:(Scacchi, 1833) – probably native
738:(Draparnaud, 1805) – subspecies:
364:Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981
294:c. 31 (+16?) land + c. 8 aquatic
4616:overview of BAP priority species
4611:another format of 2005 checklist
3463:List of "hothouse alien" species
3458:(O.F. Müller, 1774) – introduced
3069:(O.F. Müller, 1774) – introduced
3035:(O.F. Müller, 1774) – introduced
2646:(O.F. Müller, 1774) – introduced
2479:(A. Férussac, 1822) – introduced
2443:(Kaleniczenko, 1851) – synonym:
2271:(Draparnaud, 1801) – introduced?
1036:(O.F. Müller, 1774) – synonym:
137:, is listed in another article:
123:terminology of the British Isles
4945:Lists of biota of Great Britain
4565:
4539:Dreissena rostriformis bugensis
4528:
4501:
4432:
4344:
4321:
4290:
4261:
4177:
4163:
3872:"An earlier record of the slug
3843:Rowson, B.; Symondson, W.O.C. "
2884:(Draparnaud, 1805) – introduced
2873:(Draparnaud, 1801) – introduced
2676:A. Férussac, 1822 – introduced?
2253:(Draparnaud, 1805) – introduced
1959:O.F. Müller, 1774 – introduced?
1933:Moquin-Tandon, 1855 – synonym:
1795:(O.F. Müller, 1774) – synonym:
1025:(C. Pfeiffer, 1821) – synonym:
346:
2684:Draparnaud, 1801 – introduced?
2525:(Pollonera, 1891) – introduced
2435:(Linnaeus, 1758) – introduced?
1073:(Draparnaud, 1805) – synonym:
397:is partly protected since 2008
381:are fully protected since 1981
117:is not the same entity as the
1:
4760:Orthoptera and allied insects
4418:10.1127/arch.moll/151/019-041
3773:
3432:(Andrusov, 1897) – introduced
2761:(Linnaeus, 1758) – introduced
2584:(Montagu, 1803) – introduced?
2027:de Winter, 1986 – introduced?
1993:(Nilsson, 1823) – introduced?
966:auct. non (O.F. Müller, 1774)
954:(Linnaeus, 1758) – synonyms:
835:The following gastropods are
451:
4940:Lists of molluscs by country
4351:Welter-Schultes, F. (2013).
4041:10.1371/journal.pone.0091907
3974:Journal of Molluscan Studies
3686:(Potiez & Michaud, 1838)
3602:(Potiez & Michaud, 1835)
3085:Linnaeus, 1758 – introduced?
2892:(Montagu, 1803) – introduced
2830:(Servain, 1880) – introduced
2427:Menegazzi, 1854 – introduced
2279:(Millet, 1843) – introduced?
1925:Collinge, 1893 – introduced?
779:auct. non (Draparnaud, 1805)
773:auct. non Frauenfeld, 1863,
585:auct. non delle Chiaje, 1828
7:
4935:Lists of molluscs of Europe
4887:Flora and fauna of Cornwall
4740:Damselflies and dragonflies
4583:. Flanders Marine Institute
4450:. Flanders Marine Institute
4309:. Flanders Marine Institute
3847:sp. nov. from Wales, UK: a
3790:Ridout-Sharpe, J. (2005). "
3740:
3440:(Conrad, 1831) – introduced
3424:(Pallas, 1771) – introduced
3107:Margaritifera margaritifera
3089:
3077:Linnaeus, 1758 – introduced
2930:(Gmelin, 1791) – introduced
2838:(Locard, 1894) – introduced
2692:Sowerby, 1821 – introduced?
2447:Boettger, 1881 – introduced
1178:(Rowell, 1863) – synonyms:
769:(Poiret, 1801) – synonyms:
752:(Montagu, 1803) – synonym:
386:Margaritifera margaritifera
97:island in the northeastern
10:
4961:
4514:in Wimbledon, S.W. London"
4233:(Gastropoda, Pulmonata)".
3816:Ridout-Sharpe, J. (2010).
2349:Simroth, 1912 – introduced
2287:(Hazay, 1881) – introduced
2218:(Blum, 1881) – introduced?
1943:sp. "Davies" – introduced?
1846:Pilsbry, 1890 – introduced
1234:(Gould, 1841) – introduced
1186:(Tryon, 1863) – introduced
681:(Gmelin, 1791) – synonym:
603:(Küster, 1853) – synonym:
129:, which includes both the
62:. Molluscs that are fully
4864:
4828:
4801:
4783:
4715:Aquatic heteropteran bugs
4698:
4691:
4663:
4406:Archiv für Molluskenkunde
2906:(Roth, 1839) – introduced
2803:(Alder, 1830) – synonym:
2240:(Ström, 1765) – synonym:
2207:(Beck, 1837) – introduced
1490:Truncatellina callicratis
1347:(Risso, 1826) – synonym:
703:(Gray, 1843) – introduced
634:Truncatella subcylindrica
552:Cipangopaludina chinensis
86:snails. It also includes
3376:Pisidium pseudosphaerium
3309:Pisidium moitessierianum
3184:Pseudanodonta complanata
2919:Pseudotrichia rubiginosa
1844:Helicodiscus singleyanus
1482:Truncatellina cylindrica
1242:corneus (Linnaeus, 1758)
1085:(Say, 1821) – introduced
1077:(Say, 1817) – introduced
979:Ladislavella catascopium
700:Potamopyrgus antipodarum
4770:Soldierflies and allies
4183:Kerney, Michael, 1999,
3905:"A review of the genus
3647:Helicodiscus parallelus
3437:Mytilopsis leucophaeata
2959:Zenobiella subrufescens
2476:Ambigolimax valentianus
1167:Bathyomphalus contortus
741:Hydrobia acuta neglecta
600:Marstoniopsis insubrica
4920:Fauna of Great Britain
4657:Fauna of Great Britain
4575:Ambigolimax waterstoni
4558:10.3391/ai.2014.9.4.11
4442:Ambigolimax parvipenis
3820:Papillifera papillaris
3792:Papillifera papillaris
3733:Ambigolimax waterstoni
3623:
3515:Melanoides tuberculata
3501:
3488:
3485:Melanoides tuberculata
3400:Pisidium tenuilineatum
3354:
3341:
3138:
3126:
2993:
2911:Ponentina subvirescens
2827:Candidula olisippensis
2786:
2774:
2715:
2659:
2643:Papillifera papillaris
2546:
2518:Deroceras panormitanum
2468:Ambigolimax parvipenis
2392:
2380:
2284:Tandonia budapestensis
2171:
2159:
2147:
2144:Tandonia budapestensis
2083:
1892:
1880:
1770:
1700:
1606:
1460:
1448:
1300:
1110:
1098:
1075:Physella heterostropha
901:
877:Myosotella denticulata
721:
620:
577:Paludinella globularis
483:
471:
355:after their name, see
173:Candidula olisippensis
162:Papillifera papillaris
39:
23:
4487:10.21805/bzn.v72i2.a8
4388:please step forward:
4353:"Species summary for
4334:Journal of Conchology
4122:Journal of Conchology
4116:Anderson, R. (2005).
3987:10.1093/mollus/eyp038
3966:(Clessin, 1871) from
3943:Journal of Conchology
3913:Journal of Conchology
3883:Journal of Conchology
3874:Selenochlamys ysbryda
3853:Journal of Conchology
3845:Selenochlamys ysbryda
3617:
3494:
3482:
3384:Pisidium subtruncatum
3347:
3335:
3293:Pisidium lilljeborgii
3245:Musculium transversum
3132:
3120:
2987:
2780:
2768:
2709:
2681:Testacella haliotidea
2656:Testacella haliotidea
2653:
2540:
2510:Deroceras reticulatum
2386:
2374:
2364:Selenochlamys ysbryda
2201:Oxychilus draparnaudi
2168:Selenochlamys ysbryda
2165:
2153:
2141:
2076:
1886:
1874:
1764:
1693:
1599:
1454:
1442:
1406:Cochlicopa lubricella
1294:
1223:Hippeutis complanatus
1175:Ferrissia californica
1104:
1092:
951:Ampullaceana balthica
895:
869:Leucophytia bidentata
861:Carychium tridentatum
710:
685:– uncertain if native
614:
497:Theodoxus fluviatilis
477:
468:Theodoxus fluviatilis
461:
168:Selenochlamys ysbryda
29:
21:
4147:Notton, D. (2006). "
3767:Arthur Erskine Ellis
3421:Dreissena polymorpha
3338:Dreissena polymorpha
3277:Pisidium henslowanum
3187:(Rossmässler, 1835)
2977:Fruticicola fruticum
2951:Trochulus striolatus
2819:Candidula intersecta
2729:Helicodonta obvoluta
2452:Malacolimax tenellus
2346:Boettgerilla pallens
2223:Aegopinella nitidula
2212:Oxychilus navarricus
2131:Zonitoides excavatus
1974:Arion circumscriptus
1746:Acanthinula aculeata
1697:Acanthinula aculeata
1266:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
1239:Planorbarius corneus
1107:Planorbarius corneus
1033:Stagnicola palustris
998:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
660:Bithynia tentaculata
617:Bithynia tentaculata
412:Fruticicola fruticum
270:Bivalves freshwater
4930:Freshwater molluscs
4793:Non-marine molluscs
4508:Palmer, P. (2010).
4149:Eobania vermiculata
4032:2014PLoSO...991907R
3683:Allopeas clavulinum
3599:Pleurodiscus balmei
3533:Zonitoides arboreus
3518:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
3497:Zonitoides arboreus
3368:Pisidium pulchellum
3360:Pisidium personatum
3285:Pisidium hibernicum
3261:Pisidium casertanum
3256:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
3240:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
3054:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
3018:Helicigona lapicida
2800:Ashfordia granulata
2758:Cochlicella barbara
2712:Cochlicella barbara
2689:Testacella scutulum
2635:Macrogastra rolphii
2627:Cochlodina laminata
2605:Clausilia bidentata
2560:Cecilioides acicula
2543:Cochlodina laminata
2513:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
2497:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
2463:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
2460:Lehmannia marginata
2455:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
2323:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
2238:Nesovitrea hammonis
2196:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
2193:Oxychilus cellarius
2185:Oxychilus alliarius
2126:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
2100:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
2061:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
1867:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
1754:Spermodea lamellata
1749:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
1738:Vallonia excentrica
1725:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
1717:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
1652:(Charpentier, 1837)
1557:Vertigo moulinsiana
1538:Vertigo lilljeborgi
1514:Vertigo antivertigo
1445:Vertigo moulinsiana
1393:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
1377:(A. Férrusac, 1821)
1351:(Rossmässler, 1835)
1284:Acroloxus lacustris
1255:Planorbis planorbis
1247:Planorbis carinatus
1202:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
1194:(A. Férussac, 1807)
1127:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
1124:Ancylus fluviatilis
1009:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
974:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
885:Myosotella myosotis
813:(O.F. Müller, 1774)
678:Semisalsa stagnorum
605:Bithynella scholtzi
544:Viviparus viviparus
536:Viviparus contectus
480:Viviparus contectus
250:Gastropods aquatic
220:Eobania vermiculata
214:and their enclosed
131:Republic of Ireland
93:Great Britain is a
4678:Scottish Highlands
4297:MolluscaBase Eds.
3624:
3502:
3489:
3455:Corbicula fluminea
3429:Dreissena bugensis
3355:
3351:Corbicula fluminea
3342:
3269:Pisidium conventus
3237:Musculium lacustre
3213:Sphaerium rivicola
3139:
3127:
3007:Arianta arbustorum
2994:
2946:(Draparnaud, 1801)
2943:Trochulus sericeus
2935:Trochulus hispidus
2927:Trochoidea elegans
2897:Monacha cartusiana
2870:Hygromia cinctella
2843:Cernuella neglecta
2835:Cernuella aginnica
2787:
2775:
2771:Trochulus hispidus
2716:
2660:
2547:
2530:Deroceras invadens
2523:Deroceras caruanae
2414:Limax cinereoniger
2393:
2389:Limax cinereoniger
2381:
2355:Trigonochlamydidae
2328:Phenacolimax major
2243:Perpolita hammonis
2226:(Draparnaud, 1805)
2172:
2160:
2148:
2123:Zonitoides nitidus
2084:
2080:Zonitoides nitidus
2058:Vitrea crystallina
2053:(Westerlund, 1871)
1893:
1881:
1839:Lucilla singleyana
1821:Paralaoma servilis
1816:(Draparnaud, 1801)
1787:(Draparnaud, 1801)
1771:
1722:Vallonia pulchella
1701:
1675:Lauria cylindracea
1626:(Draparnaud, 1801)
1607:
1581:Vertigo substriata
1576:(Draparnaud, 1801)
1541:(Westerlund, 1871)
1517:(Draparnaud, 1801)
1469:(Draparnaud, 1805)
1466:Columella edentula
1461:
1457:Vertigo substriata
1449:
1424:Pyramidula pusilla
1390:Cochlicopa lubrica
1325:Succinella oblonga
1318:Catinella arenaria
1313:Quickella arenaria
1301:
1191:Gyraulus acronicus
1111:
1099:
915:Onchidella celtica
902:
888:(Draparnaud, 1801)
831:(O.F Müller, 1774)
810:Valvata piscinalis
802:Valvata macrostoma
754:Ventrosia ventrosa
722:
714:Valvata piscinalis
683:Heleobia stagnorum
621:
484:
472:
418:Cernuella neglecta
402:Monacha cartusiana
372:Catinella arenaria
88:freshwater mussels
40:
24:
4900:
4899:
4824:
4823:
4545:Aquatic Invasions
4301:Pupilla pratensis
4247:10.1111/zsc.12192
4235:Zoologica Scripta
4099:978-1-908819-13-0
3964:Pupilla pratensis
3718:(Bruguière, 1789)
3629:Hawaiia minuscula
3581:Planorbella duryi
3325:Pisidium obtusale
3229:Sphaerium solidum
3221:Sphaerium nucleus
3205:Sphaerium corneum
3110:(Linnaeus, 1758)
2851:Cernuella virgata
2811:Candidula gigaxii
2805:Monacha granulata
2750:Cochlicella acuta
2673:Testacella maugei
2502:Deroceras agreste
2440:Limacus maculatus
2320:Vitrina pellucida
2302:Tandonia sowerbyi
2156:Vitrina pellucida
2108:(J.E. Gray, 1840)
2069:(Reinhardt, 1871)
2032:Arion intermedius
2001:A. Férussac, 1819
1935:Arion lusitanicus
1861:Discus rotundatus
1792:Merdigera obscura
1767:Discus rotundatus
1667:Leiostyla anglica
1589:Vertigo angustior
1568:O.F. Müller, 1774
1506:Vertigo alpestris
1501:O.F. Müller, 1774
1349:Oxyloma pfeifferi
1263:Segmentina nitida
1250:O.F. Müller, 1774
1231:Menetus dilatatus
1182:(Mirolli, 1960),
1159:(Troschel, 1834)
1156:Anisus vorticulus
1132:Anisus leucostoma
1095:Lymnaea stagnalis
1038:Lymnaea palustris
1022:Stagnicola fuscus
1014:Radix auricularia
1006:Omphiscola glabra
987:Lymnaea stagnalis
853:Carychium minimum
797:O.F. Müller, 1774
570:Assiminea grayana
344:
343:
340:
335:
328:
321:
259:Gastropods total:
4952:
4696:
4695:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4627:
4626:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4588:
4569:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4532:
4526:
4525:
4505:
4499:
4498:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4436:
4430:
4429:
4381:
4372:
4371:
4369:
4367:
4355:Limax ecarinatus
4348:
4342:
4341:
4330:Daudebardia rufa
4325:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4314:
4303:(Clessin, 1871)"
4294:
4288:
4265:
4259:
4258:
4226:
4220:
4219:
4201:
4195:
4181:
4175:
4167:
4161:
4160:
4144:
4138:
4137:
4113:
4104:
4103:
4085:
4064:
4063:
4053:
4043:
4011:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3968:Pupilla muscorum
3957:
3951:
3950:
3937:Monacha ocellata
3930:
3921:
3920:
3900:
3891:
3890:
3880:
3876:from Brecon, UK"
3867:
3861:
3860:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3813:
3804:
3803:
3787:
3702:(Linnaeus, 1758)
3699:Rumina decollata
3620:Rumina decollata
3584:(Wetherby, 1879)
3551:Radix rubiginosa
3500:on orchid plants
3395:A. Schmidt, 1851
3392:Pisidium supinum
3317:Pisidium nitidum
3288:Westerlund, 1894
3280:(Sheppard, 1823)
3253:Pisidium amnicum
3208:(Linnaeus, 1758)
3179:(Linnaeus, 1758)
3171:(Linnaeus, 1758)
3168:Anodonta anatina
3163:Philipsson, 1788
3155:(Linnaeus, 1758)
3123:Anodonta anatina
3098:Margaritiferidae
3051:Cepaea hortensis
3046:(Linnaeus, 1758)
3040:Cepaea nemoralis
3024:(Linnaeus, 1758)
3013:(Linnaeus, 1758)
2954:(Pfeiffer, 1828)
2938:(Linnaeus, 1758)
2904:Monacha ocellata
2889:Monacha cantiana
2878:Hygromia limbata
2865:(Linnaeus, 1758)
2783:Cepaea nemoralis
2592:(Linnaeus, 1758)
2578:Alinda biplicata
2505:(Linnaeus, 1758)
2445:Limax ecarinatus
2276:Tandonia rustica
2250:Daudebardia rufa
2231:Aegopinella pura
2105:Euconulus alderi
2097:Euconulus fulvus
2066:Vitrea subrimata
2050:Vitrea contracta
2009:J. Mabille, 1868
2006:Arion distinctus
1982:Arion silvaticus
1951:Draparnaud, 1805
1917:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1909:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1889:Arion distinctus
1842:– synonym :
1813:Punctum pygmaeum
1757:(Jeffreys, 1830)
1714:Vallonia costata
1683:Lauria sempronii
1678:(da Costa, 1778)
1649:Pupilla alpicola
1644:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1641:Pupilla muscorum
1603:Pupilla muscorum
1584:(Jeffreys, 1833)
1485:(Férussac, 1807)
1474:Columella aspera
1328:Draparnaud, 1801
1287:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1258:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1226:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1210:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1170:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1151:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1143:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1140:Anisus spirorbis
1065:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1062:Physa fontinalis
1057:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1017:(Linnaeus, 1758)
990:(Linnaeus, 1758)
971:Galba truncatula
856:O.F Müller, 1774
828:Pomatias elegans
794:Valvata cristata
767:Mercuria anatina
749:Ecrobia ventrosa
663:(Linnaeus, 1758)
655:(Sheppard, 1823)
652:Bithynia leachii
637:(Linnaeus, 1758)
573:J. Fleming, 1828
547:(Linnaeus, 1758)
503:(Linnaeus, 1758)
338:
333:
324:
319:
242:Gastropods land
232:
231:
199:Pupilla alpicola
191:Pupilla muscorum
185:constituted two
182:Pupilla muscorum
177:Monacha ocellata
135:Northern Ireland
4960:
4959:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4950:
4949:
4905:
4904:
4901:
4896:
4860:
4820:
4797:
4779:
4687:
4659:
4654:
4602:
4597:
4596:
4586:
4584:
4571:
4570:
4566:
4533:
4529:
4506:
4502:
4467:
4463:
4453:
4451:
4438:
4437:
4433:
4386:Limax nyctelius
4382:
4375:
4365:
4363:
4349:
4345:
4326:
4322:
4312:
4310:
4295:
4291:
4277:Vertigo genesii
4266:
4262:
4227:
4223:
4216:
4202:
4198:
4182:
4178:
4168:
4164:
4145:
4141:
4114:
4107:
4100:
4086:
4067:
4012:
3995:
3958:
3954:
3931:
3924:
3901:
3894:
3878:
3868:
3864:
3841:
3837:
3814:
3807:
3788:
3781:
3776:
3743:
3715:Subulina octona
3668:Verdcourt, 1974
3608:Pristilomatidae
3465:
3328:(Lamarck, 1818)
3312:Paladilhe, 1866
3301:Pisidium milium
3296:(Clessin, 1886)
3272:(Clessin, 1877)
3232:(Normand, 1844)
3216:(Lamarck, 1818)
3176:Anodonta cygnea
3135:Anodonta cygnea
3094:
2859:Helicella itala
2702:" – introduced?
2630:(Montagu, 1803)
2616:Clausilia dubia
2494:Deroceras laeve
2337:Boettgerillidae
2041:Pristilomatidae
2035:(Normand, 1852)
1998:Arion hortensis
1990:Arion fasciatus
1985:Lohmander, 1937
1948:Arion subfuscus
1922:Arion flagellus
1573:Vertigo pygmaea
1565:Vertigo pusilla
1546:Vertigo modesta
1525:(Gredler, 1856)
1522:Vertigo genesii
1498:Vertigo pusilla
1341:Oxyloma elegans
1333:Succinea putris
1297:Succinea putris
1215:Gyraulus laevis
1207:Gyraulus crista
1082:Physella gyrina
1054:Aplexa hypnorum
995:Myxas glutinosa
880:(Montagu, 1803)
872:(Montagu, 1808)
763:(Pennant, 1777)
521:(Montagu, 1803)
456:
427:
425:Systematic list
378:Myxas glutinosa
349:
326:
224:Milax nigricans
187:sibling species
32:G. B. Sowerby's
12:
11:
5:
4958:
4948:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4882:Birds of Wales
4879:
4874:
4868:
4866:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4832:
4830:
4826:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4818:
4813:
4807:
4805:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4795:
4789:
4787:
4781:
4780:
4778:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4706:
4704:
4693:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4664:
4661:
4660:
4653:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4630:
4624:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4601:
4600:External links
4598:
4595:
4594:
4564:
4551:(4): 529–535.
4527:
4500:
4481:(2): 159–161.
4461:
4431:
4373:
4343:
4320:
4289:
4273:Vertigo geyeri
4260:
4221:
4214:
4196:
4176:
4162:
4139:
4128:(6): 607–637.
4105:
4098:
4065:
3993:
3980:(4): 315–322.
3952:
3922:
3892:
3862:
3835:
3805:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3770:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3728:
3727:
3720:
3719:
3711:
3703:
3695:
3691:Opeas hannense
3687:
3678:
3677:
3670:
3669:
3660:
3659:
3652:
3651:
3642:
3641:
3638:Helicodiscidae
3634:
3633:
3632:(Binney, 1841)
3612:
3611:
3604:
3603:
3594:
3593:
3590:Pleurodiscidae
3586:
3585:
3577:
3576:(Dunker, 1848)
3564:
3563:
3556:
3555:
3546:
3545:
3538:
3537:
3528:
3527:
3524:Gastrodontidae
3520:
3519:
3510:
3509:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3450:
3449:
3442:
3441:
3433:
3425:
3416:
3415:
3408:
3407:
3403:Stelfox, 1918
3396:
3388:
3380:
3372:
3371:(Jenyns, 1832)
3364:
3330:
3329:
3321:
3313:
3305:
3297:
3289:
3281:
3273:
3265:
3257:
3249:
3241:
3233:
3225:
3224:(Studer, 1820)
3217:
3209:
3200:
3199:
3192:
3191:
3180:
3172:
3164:
3156:
3147:
3146:
3115:
3114:
3102:
3101:
3093:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3078:
3070:
3059:Cornu aspersum
3055:
3047:
3036:
3025:
3014:
3002:
3001:
2982:
2981:
2972:
2971:
2964:
2963:
2962:(Miller, 1822)
2955:
2947:
2939:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2907:
2901:
2893:
2885:
2874:
2866:
2855:
2847:
2839:
2831:
2823:
2815:
2807:
2795:
2794:
2763:
2762:
2754:
2745:
2744:
2741:Cochlicellidae
2737:
2736:
2724:
2723:
2720:Helicodontidae
2704:
2703:
2693:
2685:
2677:
2668:
2667:
2648:
2647:
2639:
2638:(Turton, 1826)
2631:
2623:
2612:
2601:
2600:Pfeiffer, 1847
2593:
2589:Balea perversa
2585:
2573:
2572:
2565:
2564:
2555:
2554:
2535:
2534:
2526:
2514:
2506:
2498:
2489:
2488:
2485:Agriolimacidae
2481:
2480:
2472:
2464:
2456:
2448:
2436:
2432:Limacus flavus
2428:
2418:
2410:
2409:Linnaeus, 1758
2401:
2400:
2369:
2368:
2359:
2358:
2351:
2350:
2341:
2340:
2333:
2332:
2324:
2315:
2314:
2307:
2306:
2298:
2288:
2280:
2272:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2254:
2246:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2208:
2197:
2189:
2188:(Miller, 1822)
2180:
2179:
2136:
2135:
2127:
2118:
2117:
2114:Gastrodontidae
2110:
2109:
2101:
2092:
2091:
2071:
2070:
2062:
2054:
2045:
2044:
2037:
2036:
2028:
2018:
2010:
2002:
1994:
1986:
1978:
1977:Johnston, 1828
1970:
1960:
1952:
1944:
1938:
1930:Arion vulgaris
1926:
1918:
1910:
1901:
1900:
1869:
1868:
1856:
1855:
1848:
1847:
1834:
1833:
1830:Helicodiscidae
1826:
1825:
1817:
1808:
1807:
1800:
1799:
1788:
1779:
1778:
1759:
1758:
1750:
1742:
1726:
1718:
1709:
1708:
1688:
1687:
1679:
1671:
1662:
1661:
1654:
1653:
1645:
1636:
1635:
1628:
1627:
1615:
1614:
1594:
1593:
1592:Jeffreys, 1830
1585:
1577:
1569:
1561:
1553:
1542:
1534:
1533:Lindholm, 1925
1530:Vertigo geyeri
1526:
1518:
1510:
1502:
1494:
1486:
1478:
1470:
1437:
1436:
1429:
1428:
1427:(Vallot, 1801)
1419:
1418:
1411:
1410:
1394:
1378:
1374:Azeca goodalli
1369:
1368:
1361:
1360:
1359:(Esmark, 1886)
1356:Oxyloma sarsii
1352:
1337:
1336:Linnaeus, 1758
1329:
1321:
1309:
1308:
1289:
1288:
1279:
1278:
1271:
1270:
1259:
1251:
1243:
1235:
1227:
1219:
1211:
1203:
1199:Gyraulus albus
1195:
1187:
1171:
1163:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1135:(Millet, 1813)
1128:
1119:
1118:
1087:
1086:
1078:
1070:Physella acuta
1066:
1058:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1040:
1029:
1018:
1010:
1002:
991:
983:
975:
967:
957:Radix balthica
946:
945:
938:
937:
928:
927:
920:
919:
918:(Cuvier, 1817)
910:
909:
898:Physella acuta
890:
889:
881:
873:
865:
857:
848:
847:
833:
832:
823:
822:
815:
814:
806:
798:
789:
788:
781:
780:
764:
760:Peringia ulvae
756:
745:
735:Hydrobia acuta
730:
729:
705:
704:
695:
694:
691:Potamopyrgidae
687:
686:
673:
672:
665:
664:
656:
647:
646:
639:
638:
629:
628:
625:Truncatellidae
609:
608:
595:
594:
587:
586:
574:
565:
564:
557:
556:
548:
540:
539:(Millet, 1813)
531:
530:
523:
522:
513:
512:
505:
504:
492:
491:
455:
450:
426:
423:
407:
406:
398:
390:
382:
348:
345:
342:
341:
336:
330:
329:
322:
316:
315:
310:
304:
303:
300:
296:
295:
292:
288:
287:
282:
275:
274:
271:
267:
266:
261:
255:
254:
251:
247:
246:
243:
239:
238:
236:
84:brackish water
58:, and aquatic
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4957:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4903:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4863:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4833:
4831:
4827:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4804:
4800:
4794:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4782:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4735:Conopid flies
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4707:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4694:
4692:Invertebrates
4690:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4662:
4658:
4651:
4646:
4644:
4639:
4637:
4632:
4631:
4628:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4582:
4578:
4576:
4568:
4559:
4554:
4550:
4546:
4542:
4540:
4531:
4523:
4519:
4518:Mollusc World
4515:
4513:
4512:Helix lucorum
4504:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4472:
4469:ICZN (2015).
4465:
4449:
4445:
4443:
4435:
4427:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4380:
4378:
4362:
4358:
4356:
4347:
4340:(3): 119–121.
4339:
4335:
4331:
4324:
4308:
4304:
4302:
4293:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4264:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4225:
4217:
4215:9781908819581
4211:
4207:
4200:
4194:
4193:0-946589-48-8
4190:
4186:
4180:
4173:
4172:
4166:
4158:
4154:
4153:Mollusc World
4150:
4143:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4112:
4110:
4101:
4095:
4091:
4084:
4082:
4080:
4078:
4076:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4061:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4026:(4): e91907.
4025:
4021:
4017:
4010:
4008:
4006:
4004:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3988:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3971:
3969:
3965:
3956:
3948:
3944:
3940:
3938:
3929:
3927:
3919:(6): 629–672.
3918:
3914:
3910:
3908:
3899:
3897:
3888:
3884:
3877:
3875:
3866:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3839:
3831:
3827:
3823:
3821:
3812:
3810:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3786:
3784:
3779:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3735:
3734:
3730:
3729:
3726:– terrestrial
3725:
3722:
3721:
3717:
3716:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3707:Striosubulina
3704:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3679:
3676:– terrestrial
3675:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3658:– terrestrial
3657:
3654:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3640:– terrestrial
3639:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3616:
3610:– terrestrial
3609:
3606:
3605:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3595:
3592:– terrestrial
3591:
3588:
3587:
3583:
3582:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3534:
3530:
3529:
3526:– terrestrial
3525:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3457:
3456:
3452:
3451:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3438:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3406:
3402:
3401:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3357:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3201:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3152:Unio pictorum
3149:
3148:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3113:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3092:
3084:
3083:
3082:Helix pomatia
3079:
3076:
3075:
3074:Helix lucorum
3071:
3068:
3067:Helix aspersa
3064:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3003:
3000:– terrestrial
2999:
2996:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2990:Helix pomatia
2986:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2973:
2970:– terrestrial
2969:
2968:Bradybaenidae
2966:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2793:– terrestrial
2792:
2789:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2743:– terrestrial
2742:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2725:
2722:– terrestrial
2721:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2701:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2666:– terrestrial
2665:
2664:Testacellidae
2662:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2611:(Ström, 1765)
2610:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2571:– terrestrial
2570:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2553:– terrestrial
2552:
2551:Ferussaciidae
2549:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2487:– terrestrial
2486:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2406:Limax maximus
2403:
2402:
2399:– terrestrial
2398:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2377:Limax maximus
2373:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2357:– terrestrial
2356:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2347:
2343:
2342:
2339:– terrestrial
2338:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2313:– terrestrial
2312:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2268:Milax gagates
2265:
2264:
2261:– terrestrial
2260:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2236:
2234:(Alder, 1830)
2233:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2178:– terrestrial
2177:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2134:(Alder, 1830)
2133:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2116:– terrestrial
2115:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2090:– terrestrial
2089:
2086:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2075:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2043:– terrestrial
2042:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1899:– terrestrial
1898:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1854:– terrestrial
1853:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1835:
1832:– terrestrial
1831:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1806:– terrestrial
1805:
1802:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1777:– terrestrial
1776:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1710:
1707:– terrestrial
1706:
1703:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1692:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1663:
1660:– terrestrial
1659:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1634:– terrestrial
1633:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1613:– terrestrial
1612:
1609:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1598:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1560:(Dupuy, 1849)
1559:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1441:
1435:– terrestrial
1434:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1417:– terrestrial
1416:
1415:Pyramidulidae
1413:
1412:
1409:(Porro, 1838)
1408:
1407:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1367:– terrestrial
1366:
1365:Cochlicopidae
1363:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1218:(Alder, 1838)
1217:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1148:Anisus vortex
1145:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1027:Lymnaea fusca
1024:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1003:
1001:
997:
996:
992:
989:
988:
984:
981:
980:
976:
973:
972:
968:
965:
964:
963:Radix peregra
959:
958:
953:
952:
948:
947:
943:
940:
939:
936:(Brown, 1827)
935:
934:
930:
929:
925:
922:
921:
917:
916:
912:
911:
907:
904:
903:
900:
899:
894:
887:
886:
882:
879:
878:
874:
871:
870:
866:
864:(Risso, 1826)
863:
862:
858:
855:
854:
850:
849:
846:– terrestrial
845:
842:
841:
840:
838:
830:
829:
825:
824:
821:– terrestrial
820:
817:
816:
812:
811:
807:
804:
803:
799:
796:
795:
791:
790:
786:
783:
782:
778:
777:
772:
768:
765:
762:
761:
757:
755:
751:
750:
746:
743:
742:
737:
736:
732:
731:
727:
724:
723:
720:
716:
715:
709:
702:
701:
697:
696:
692:
689:
688:
684:
680:
679:
675:
674:
670:
667:
666:
662:
661:
657:
654:
653:
649:
648:
644:
641:
640:
636:
635:
631:
630:
626:
623:
622:
619:
618:
613:
606:
602:
601:
597:
596:
592:
589:
588:
584:
583:
578:
575:
572:
571:
567:
566:
562:
559:
558:
554:
553:
549:
546:
545:
541:
538:
537:
533:
532:
528:
525:
524:
520:
519:
518:Acicula fusca
515:
514:
511:– terrestrial
510:
507:
506:
502:
499:
498:
494:
493:
489:
486:
485:
482:
481:
476:
470:
469:
464:
460:
454:
449:
446:
443:
437:
435:
430:
422:
420:
419:
414:
413:
404:
403:
399:
396:
395:
394:Helix pomatia
391:
388:
387:
383:
380:
379:
374:
373:
369:
368:
367:
365:
360:
358:
354:
337:
332:
331:
323:
318:
317:
314:
311:
309:
306:
305:
301:
298:
297:
293:
290:
289:
286:
283:
280:
279:Mollusc total
277:
276:
272:
269:
268:
265:
262:
260:
257:
256:
252:
249:
248:
244:
241:
240:
237:
234:
233:
230:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
204:
201:
200:
195:
194:sensu stricto
192:
188:
184:
183:
178:
174:
170:
169:
164:
163:
157:
155:
154:
149:
148:
142:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
115:Great Britain
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
91:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
37:
33:
30:A plate from
28:
20:
16:
4902:
4802:
4792:
4784:
4699:
4585:. Retrieved
4581:Molluscabase
4580:
4574:
4567:
4548:
4544:
4538:
4530:
4521:
4517:
4511:
4503:
4478:
4474:
4464:
4452:. Retrieved
4448:Molluscabase
4447:
4441:
4434:
4412:(1): 19–41.
4409:
4405:
4402:Letourneuxia
4401:
4397:
4393:
4389:
4385:
4364:. Retrieved
4360:
4354:
4346:
4337:
4333:
4329:
4323:
4311:. Retrieved
4307:MolluscaBase
4306:
4300:
4292:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4263:
4241:(1): 55–72.
4238:
4234:
4230:
4224:
4205:
4199:
4184:
4179:
4170:
4165:
4156:
4152:
4151:in the UK".
4148:
4142:
4125:
4121:
4089:
4023:
4019:
3977:
3973:
3967:
3963:
3955:
3946:
3942:
3936:
3916:
3912:
3906:
3886:
3882:
3873:
3865:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3838:
3829:
3825:
3819:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3731:
3713:
3705:
3697:
3694:(Rang, 1831)
3689:
3681:
3663:
3656:Streptaxidae
3645:
3627:
3618:
3597:
3579:
3572:
3568:
3549:
3531:
3513:
3495:
3483:
3466:
3453:
3446:Corbiculidae
3435:
3427:
3419:
3412:Dreissenidae
3404:
3398:
3390:
3382:
3374:
3366:
3358:
3349:
3336:
3323:
3320:Jenyns, 1832
3315:
3307:
3299:
3291:
3283:
3275:
3267:
3264:(Poli, 1791)
3259:
3251:
3243:
3235:
3227:
3219:
3211:
3203:
3188:
3182:
3174:
3166:
3160:Unio tumidus
3158:
3150:
3133:
3121:
3111:
3105:
3080:
3072:
3066:
3062:
3057:
3049:
3043:
3038:
3032:
3029:Theba pisana
3027:
3021:
3016:
3010:
3005:
2988:
2975:
2957:
2949:
2941:
2933:
2925:
2917:
2909:
2903:
2895:
2887:
2881:
2876:
2868:
2862:
2857:
2849:
2841:
2833:
2825:
2817:
2809:
2804:
2798:
2781:
2769:
2756:
2748:
2732:
2727:
2710:
2699:
2695:
2687:
2679:
2671:
2654:
2641:
2633:
2625:
2619:
2614:
2608:
2603:
2597:Balea sarsii
2595:
2587:
2581:
2576:
2569:Clausiliidae
2558:
2541:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2474:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2444:
2438:
2430:
2424:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2387:
2375:
2362:
2344:
2326:
2318:
2300:
2294:
2290:
2282:
2274:
2266:
2248:
2241:
2237:
2229:
2221:
2215:
2210:
2204:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2166:
2154:
2142:
2129:
2121:
2103:
2095:
2077:
2064:
2056:
2048:
2030:
2024:
2020:
2017:Davies, 1979
2014:Arion owenii
2012:
2004:
1996:
1988:
1980:
1972:
1966:
1962:
1956:Arion fuscus
1954:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1928:
1920:
1912:
1904:
1887:
1875:
1864:
1859:
1843:
1837:
1819:
1811:
1796:
1790:
1782:
1765:
1752:
1744:
1741:Sterke, 1892
1736:
1732:
1728:
1720:
1712:
1695:
1681:
1673:
1670:(Wood, 1828)
1665:
1647:
1639:
1623:
1620:Abida secale
1618:
1611:Chondrinidae
1601:
1587:
1579:
1571:
1563:
1555:
1549:
1544:
1536:
1528:
1520:
1512:
1504:
1496:
1488:
1480:
1477:Walden, 1966
1472:
1464:
1455:
1443:
1433:Vertiginidae
1422:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1372:
1354:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1331:
1323:
1316:
1312:
1295:
1282:
1267:
1261:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1221:
1213:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1165:
1160:
1154:
1146:
1138:
1130:
1122:
1105:
1093:
1080:
1074:
1068:
1060:
1052:
1037:
1031:
1026:
1020:
1012:
1004:
999:
993:
985:
977:
969:
961:
955:
949:
931:
913:
896:
883:
875:
867:
859:
851:
834:
826:
808:
800:
792:
774:
770:
766:
758:
753:
747:
739:
733:
712:
698:
682:
676:
669:Cochliopidae
658:
650:
632:
615:
604:
598:
582:P. littorina
580:
576:
568:
561:Assimineidae
550:
542:
534:
516:
500:
495:
478:
466:
447:
438:
431:
428:
416:
410:
408:
400:
392:
384:
376:
370:
361:
352:
350:
347:Conservation
312:
307:
284:
278:
263:
258:
228:
223:
219:
205:
197:
190:
180:
176:
172:
166:
160:
158:
151:
145:
143:
92:
54:and aquatic
41:
35:
15:
4829:Vertebrates
4803:Crustaceans
4765:Shield bugs
4730:Butterflies
4398:Malacolimax
4394:Ambigolimax
4366:24 February
3674:Subulinidae
3650:(Say, 1821)
3560:Planorbidae
3536:(Say, 1816)
3470:greenhouses
3379:Favre, 1927
3248:(Say, 1829)
3196:Sphaeriidae
2791:Hygromiidae
2205:draparnaudi
2176:Oxychilidae
2088:Euconulidae
1914:Arion rufus
1797:Ena obscura
1784:Ena montana
1735:– synonym:
1705:Valloniidae
1552:(Say, 1824)
1509:Alder, 1838
1403:– synonym:
1387:– synonym:
1305:Succineidae
1275:Acroloxidae
1184:F. fragilis
1180:F. wautieri
1115:Planorbidae
933:Otina ovata
906:Onchidiidae
805:Mörch, 1864
726:Hydrobiidae
643:Bithyniidae
591:Amnicolidae
527:Viviparidae
501:fluviatilis
212:greenhouses
72:land snails
52:terrestrial
4909:Categories
4836:Amphibians
4745:Hoverflies
4361:AnimalBase
4313:29 January
4231:Pyramidula
3949:: 201–211.
3859:: 537–552.
3849:Testacella
3774:References
3665:Gulella io
3542:Lymnaeidae
3387:Malm, 1855
3363:Malm, 1855
3304:Held, 1836
3065:– synonym:
3011:arbustorum
2700:tenuipenis
2696:Testacella
2417:Wolf, 1803
2311:Vitrinidae
2216:helveticus
2078:Shells of
2025:fagophilus
1906:Arion ater
1877:Arion ater
1865:rotundatus
1733:excentrica
1694:Shells of
1632:Pupillidae
1600:Shells of
1401:lubricella
1397:Cochlicopa
1381:Cochlicopa
942:Lymnaeidae
844:Ellobiidae
837:pulmonates
819:Pomatiidae
785:Valvatidae
776:M. similis
771:M. confusa
744:Muus, 1963
509:Aciculidae
453:Gastropoda
147:Onchidella
80:freshwater
56:gastropods
34:1859 book
4426:250188836
4390:Lehmannia
4283:No. 616.
4134:1753-2205
3907:Candidula
3724:Limacidae
3573:chinensis
3562:– aquatic
3544:– aquatic
3508:– aquatic
3506:Thiaridae
3448:– aquatic
3414:– aquatic
3348:Shell of
3198:– aquatic
3145:– aquatic
3143:Unionidae
3100:– aquatic
3044:nemoralis
2998:Helicidae
2609:bidentata
2582:biplicata
2397:Limacidae
2259:Milacidae
1897:Arionidae
1804:Punctidae
1658:Lauriidae
1277:– aquatic
1117:– aquatic
1047:– aquatic
944:– aquatic
787:– aquatic
719:operculum
711:Shell of
693:– aquatic
671:– aquatic
645:– aquatic
593:– aquatic
529:– aquatic
488:Neritidae
68:pulmonate
4865:See also
4856:Reptiles
4816:Woodlice
4785:Molluscs
4750:Mayflies
4673:Scotland
4495:85669262
4255:88990282
4060:24740519
4020:PLOS ONE
3741:See also
3569:Gyraulis
3091:Bivalvia
3063:aspersum
3022:lapicida
2733:obvoluta
2295:cristata
2291:Tandonia
1852:Discidae
1729:Vallonia
1045:Physidae
924:Otinidae
107:Scotland
99:Atlantic
95:European
60:bivalves
44:molluscs
4851:Mammals
4725:Beetles
4701:Insects
4668:England
4587:16 July
4454:16 July
4269:Vertigo
4051:3989179
4028:Bibcode
3474:aquaria
2882:limbata
2425:dacampi
1550:arctica
1385:lubrica
1345:elegans
434:synonym
216:aquaria
127:Ireland
103:England
4493:
4424:
4400:? No,
4253:
4212:
4191:
4132:
4096:
4058:
4048:
3889:: 103.
3832:: 4–6.
3802:: 6–7.
3033:pisana
1967:iratii
1775:Enidae
1624:secale
463:Shells
208:exotic
78:, and
64:marine
4841:Birds
4811:Crabs
4775:Wasps
4755:Moths
4683:Wales
4524:: 12.
4491:S2CID
4422:S2CID
4396:, or
4251:S2CID
3879:(PDF)
2863:itala
2698:sp. "
2620:dubia
2421:Limax
2021:Arion
1963:Arion
1941:Arion
717:with
442:Roman
313:43–59
153:Otina
111:Wales
76:slugs
4846:Fish
4720:Bees
4710:Ants
4589:2022
4456:2022
4404:!".
4368:2018
4315:2023
4210:ISBN
4189:ISBN
4159:: 6.
4130:ISSN
4094:ISBN
4056:PMID
3571:cf.
2423:cf.
2293:cf.
2023:cf.
1965:cf.
1731:cf.
1399:cf.
1383:cf.
415:and
375:and
245:152
222:and
196:and
150:and
133:and
109:and
82:and
74:and
4553:doi
4483:doi
4414:doi
4410:151
4285:PDF
4243:doi
4046:PMC
4036:doi
3982:doi
3710:sp.
465:of
285:239
273:32
264:207
113:. (
4911::
4579:.
4547:.
4543:.
4522:23
4520:.
4516:.
4489:.
4479:72
4477:.
4473:.
4446:.
4420:.
4408:.
4392:,
4376:^
4359:.
4338:42
4336:.
4305:.
4249:.
4239:46
4237:.
4157:11
4155:.
4126:38
4124:.
4120:.
4108:^
4068:^
4054:.
4044:.
4034:.
4022:.
4018:.
3996:^
3978:75
3976:.
3972:.
3947:43
3945:.
3941:.
3925:^
3917:41
3915:.
3911:.
3895:^
3887:40
3885:.
3881:.
3857:39
3855:.
3830:18
3828:.
3824:.
3808:^
3798:.
3782:^
3472:,
960:,
839::
366::
359:.
302:4
281::
141:.
105:,
4649:e
4642:t
4635:v
4591:.
4573:"
4561:.
4555::
4549:9
4510:"
4497:.
4485::
4458:.
4440:"
4428:.
4416::
4370:.
4357:"
4317:.
4299:"
4287:.
4257:.
4245::
4218:.
4136:.
4102:.
4062:.
4038::
4030::
4024:9
3990:.
3984::
3935:"
3818:"
3800:7
3405:E
3189:E
3112:E
1268:E
1161:E
1000:E
353:E
339:0
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
