89:
362:. It was located at 49 Leningradsky Prospekt, Moscow, in a purpose-built complex with lecture halls, film theatres, library, shops, restaurants and residences. Also called the Institute of Social Sciences, it was a semi-clandestine institution, and many of its students went by pseudonyms, primarily for security reasons because they were members of then-illegal parties. The school was under the auspices of the International Department of the
36:
176:, the history of the Russian Communist Party, the history of the world labor movement, party construction, and the Russian language. Instruction was largely based upon intensive directed reading, followed by individualized discussion with lecturers. In addition, with a view to making contact with the Soviet
180:, the inaugural class of ILS students were divided into groups of between three and five and were sent out to perform manual labor in the Orecho-Zuovo Textile Mill and the Colmna Locomotive and Car Works as part of their educational experience. About 8 hours per week were spent at such factory labor.
196:
The greatest number of students at the ILS came from
Germany (370), followed by Czechoslovakia (320), and France, Poland, Italy, the United States, and China each supplied between 200 and 225 participants. Austria provided about 180 students, with Great Britain adding another 150, and Spain and
188:
Between May 1926 and its termination in mid-1938, the
International Lenin School provided academic, practical, and ideological training to some 3,500 communist students from 59 countries. The great majority of the students hailed from Europe and North America, and another Comintern-affiliated
160:
That goal was to be achieved through an intensive one-year course of study including economics and history, Marxist theory, and the strategy and tactics employed by the world communist movement. Its teachers were leading intellectuals of the
Comintern and Soviet Union. Its first director was
168:
The first class of students, which began instruction in May 1926, consisted of 70 individuals from around the world. A matter of major difficulty was the variety of languages spoken by participants, a situation that necessitated the extensive use of interpreters. Four languages were used by
219:
At the end of each school semester, students were required to write a paper on a topic chosen by them to demonstrate their mastery of the subject matter. Successful students were to be returned home to assume executive or editorial positions or were placed in the service of the
Communist
212:, the ILS included courses on Economics, Philosophy, Politics, Trade Union Organization, Party Organization, Military Organization, and the Agrarian Problem. Particular attention was paid to study of the History of the
1042:
399:
144:(Comintern) and its national sections, following the resolutions of the Fifth World Congress of the Comintern. The school was established, in the formal language of the Comintern:
234:
Internationally, Lenin School students can be traced as late as the 1960s and beyond exercising significant responsibilities either as heads of communist governments, such as
200:
Instruction was conducted by exiled veteran communists residing in Moscow, including in particular exiles from
Germany, Italy, and Hungary, as well as Russian instructors.
423:
197:
Finland supplied about 135 students each. Other countries providing more than 60 students included the Soviet Union, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Ireland, and Canada.
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148:
To assist the
Comintern sections in raising the qualifications of leading Party workers whose revolutionary experience must be strengthened by general theoretical
1057:
1052:
1032:
417:
190:
128:. The ILS taught both academic courses and practical underground political techniques with a view to developing a core disciplined and reliable
765:
1047:
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229:
235:
152:
preparation on the one hand; and, on the other, by direct and active study of the organizational and political experiences of the
748:
957:
783:
608:
764:
Köstenberger, Julia (2007). "Die
Internationale Lenin-Schule (1926-1938)". In Buckmiller, Michael; Meschkat, Klaus (eds.).
429:
363:
213:
153:
121:
266:, or as leaders of significant oppositional parties elsewhere, such as Vietnamese Communist Leader and First President
985:
75:
767:
Biographisches
Handbuch zur Geschichte der Kommunistischen Internationale: Ein deutsch-russisches Forschungsprojekt
46:
125:
338:
After the closure of the ILS, the
Comintern operated a cadre school, camouflaged as an agricultural school, in
830:
801:
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287:
156:
and of the experiences and current work of the
Communist Parties in the capitalist and colonial countries."
17:
140:
The International Lenin School (ILS) was founded in 1926 as an instrument for the "Bolshevization" of the
283:
772:
Biographical Handbook on the History of the Communist International: A German-Russian Research Project
279:
251:
307:
53:
535:. Olympia, WA: Joint Legislative Fact-Finding Committee on Un-American Activities, 1948; pg. 462.
359:
165:. Students for the International Lenin School were hand-picked by the various communist parties.
141:
113:
216:
as well, including the policies, organizational structure, and procedures of that organization.
327:
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209:
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395:
379:
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149:
8:
271:
367:
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709:"Stalin's Sausage Machine: British Students at the International Lenin School 1926-37"
247:
981:
953:
927:
906:
Campbell, Alan; McIlroy, John; McLoughlin, Barry; Halstead, John (1 September 2004).
887:
850:
829:
McIlroy, John; Campbell, Alan; McLoughlin, Barry; Halstead, John (1 September 2003).
779:
756:
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394:
and Kevin McMahon. After the end of the Soviet Union, its premises were given to the
343:
314:, respectively. Other important students of the Lenin School include such figures as
173:
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842:
720:
596:
319:
162:
628:
259:
239:
52:
The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of
749:"British and Irish Students at the International Lenin School, Moscow, 1926-37"
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383:
303:
295:
263:
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Academic courses taught at the ILS during its first year of existence included
57:
876:"Glowyr cymru yn mosgo: welsh communists at the Lenin school between the wars"
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366:. Graduates from that period, who later held prominent positions, include
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political cadres for assignment in communist parties around the world.
831:"Forging the faithful: the British at the International Lenin School"
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858:
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802:"The Scots at the Lenin School: an essay in collective biography"
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The ILS was re-established after the war and continued until the
908:"The international Lenin school: a response to Cohen and Morgan"
243:
193:, catered to the majority of students from colonial countries.
105:
746:
546:
First Report, Un-American Activities in Washington State, 1948
533:
First Report, Un-American Activities in Washington State, 1948
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Universities and institutes established in the Soviet Union
424:
Communist University of the National Minorities of the West
470:
Murphy, "The First Year of the Lenin School," pp. 267-268.
778:(in German). Berlin: Akademie Verlag. pp. 287–309.
386:. First-person accounts of the ILS have been written by
496:
Murphy, "The First Year of the Lenin School," pg. 269.
484:
Murphy, "The First Year of the Lenin School," pg. 268.
747:
John Halstead; Barry Mc Loughlin (28 October 2009).
457:
J. T. Murphy, "The First Year of the Lenin School,"
169:
participants: Russian, German, English, and French.
800:McIlroy, John; Campbell, Alan (1 September 2002).
626:
1024:
116:from May 1926 to 1938. It was resumed after the
1063:Educational institutions disestablished in 1938
799:
689:McMahon, Kevin (2017). "My Journey to Moscow".
622:
620:
418:Communist University of the Toilers of the East
191:Communist University of the Toilers of the East
755:. Irish Labour History Society. Archived from
104:) was an official training school operated in
880:Llafur: The Journal of Welsh People's History
1058:Educational institutions established in 1926
1015:Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick
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617:
593:The Transnational World of the Cominternians
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525:
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1010:"Catalogue of Harry Wicks' ILS study notes"
706:
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490:
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478:
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461:, vol. 4, no. 14 (Sept. 20, 1927), pg. 267.
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398:for a time but were later transferred to a
1053:1938 disestablishments in the Soviet Union
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952:. Monthly Review Press. pp. 215–238.
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230:Category:International Lenin School alumni
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76:Learn how and when to remove this message
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346:described his studies there in his book
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364:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
122:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
24:
874:McIlroy, John (1 September 2003).
220:International in other countries.
25:
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912:Twentieth Century British History
713:Twentieth Century British History
707:Cohen, G.; Morgan, Kevin (2002).
678:. New York: Monthly Review Press.
551:
270:, the general secretaries of the
693:. once-off publication by SIPTU.
565:. University of Minnesota Press.
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34:
27:Soviet communist training school
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126:dissolution of the Soviet Union
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208:According to the ILS graduate
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644:Mahama, John Dramani (2012).
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412:Moscow Sun Yat-sen University
203:
7:
531:Albert F. Canwell, et al.,
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10:
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974:McLoughlin, Barry (2007).
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627:Wolfgang Leonhard (1959).
227:
189:training institution, the
98:International Lenin School
591:Studer, Brigitte (2015).
223:
124:; it continued until the
980:. Irish Academic Press.
949:Navigating the Zeitgeist
946:Sheehan, Helena (2019).
676:Navigating the Zeitgeist
674:Sheehan, Helena (2019).
183:
812:: 37–51. Archived from
806:Scottish Labour History
630:Child of the revolution
561:Haywood, Harry (1978).
459:Communist International
360:end of the Soviet Union
348:Child of the Revolution
334:School in Kushnarenkovo
154:Russian Communist Party
142:Communist International
114:Communist International
328:David Alfaro Siqueiros
158:
93:
835:Labour History Review
725:10.1093/tcbh/13.4.327
659:Riordan, Jim (2009).
601:10.1057/9781137510297
576:Wolf, Markus (1999).
354:Post-Comintern school
210:Joseph Zack Kornfeder
146:
91:
924:10.1093/tcbh/15.1.51
861:on 26 September 2022
646:My First Coup d'Etat
400:Financial University
396:Gorbachev Foundation
380:Demetris Christofias
300:Nikolaos Zachariadis
847:10.3828/lhr.68.1.99
816:on 15 December 2021
376:John Dramani Mahama
342:from 1941 to 1943.
290:Communist Parties,
977:Left to the wolves
578:Man Without a Face
94:
959:978-1-58367-728-5
785:978-3-05-008491-6
648:. Bloomsbury USA.
610:978-1-349-50624-8
580:. Public Affairs.
544:Canwell, et al.,
513:Köstenberger 2007
344:Wolfgang Leonhard
252:Władysław Gomułka
174:political economy
92:Povarskaya street
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661:Comrade Jim
388:John Mahama
372:Thabo Mbeki
324:Markus Wolf
308:Sean Murray
268:Ho Chi Minh
228:Main page:
1027:Categories
437:References
236:Yugoslavia
204:Curriculum
66:March 2021
58:footnoting
1038:Comintern
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892:0306-0837
855:0961-5652
733:0955-2359
691:Organiser
304:Ernő Gerő
130:communist
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54:citation
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224:Alumni
106:Moscow
776:(PDF)
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184:Scope
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