457:
449:
174:
40:
4280:
2074:
1819:
720:
4292:
2086:
526:
813:"The primitive people imagined that the gods lived in a group, and they also imagined that the gods lived on the extremely high mountains, so the highest mountain in the territory became the residence of the gods in mythology. The mystical idea of this is what happened. The Chinese myth is equivalent to that of Kunlun.
794:
In mythology, Kunlun
Mountain is the birthplace and ancestral place of the Chinese nation. In mythology, Kunlun Mountain is the center of heaven and earth. It goes up to the sky and is the staircase to the sky. The "Kunlun Mythology" system takes Kunlun Mountain as an iconic place, and mainly focuses
790:"originates in the western plateau, and its magical and magnificent stories spread to the east, and then follow the vast and boundless sea. The combination of these natural conditions has formed the Penglai mythology system in the coastal areas of Yan, Wu, Qi, and Yue."
663:
form the Kunlun
Volcanic Group. They are not volcanic mountains, but cones. As such, they are not counted among the world volcanic mountain peaks. The group, however, musters the heights of 5,808 metres (19,055 ft) above sea level
2589:
3346:
1876:
1065:
3622:
2554:
2549:
3204:
2579:
2364:
400:
The exact definition of the Kunlun
Mountains varies over time. Older sources used Kunlun to mean the mountain belt that runs across the center of China, that is,
1921:
4541:
733:
Legendary and mystical mountains are a long-standing aspect of
Chinese civilization. Kunlun is originally the name of a mythical mountain believed to be a
4330:
803:). Stories such as Kuafu chasing the sun, Gonggong's anger touching Buzhou Mountain, and Chang'e flying to the moon all originate from Kunlun mythology.
1344:
2904:
434:
and gave the name Kunlun to the mountains at its source. The name seems to have originated as a semi-mythical location in the classical
Chinese text
2810:
113:
3722:
2521:
826:
607:(6,282 m); the latter is the major eastern peak of the Kunlun Mountains and is thus considered as the eastern edge of the Kunlun Mountains.
4437:
2909:
1976:
4556:
1314:
841:') who also had her mythical abode in these mountains. She was the object of a traditional religious cult which reached its peak in the
4233:
3857:
2937:
2501:
743:
Kunlun is a semi-mythical region not far from the source of the Yellow River. The Kunlun
Mountains entered Chinese ideology during the
3323:
2785:
2369:
695:). If they were considered volcanic mountains, they would constitute the highest volcano in Asia and China and second highest in the
2486:
2170:
1853:
2227:
4323:
3436:
456:
4036:
3167:
2278:
2124:
1337:
667:
3388:
448:
385:, extending for more than 3,000 kilometres (1,900 mi). In the broadest sense, the chain forms the northern edge of the
4639:
4238:
3475:
2849:
1994:
1966:
1261:
711:
is the highest volcano in Asia, not the Kunlun cones.) The last known eruption in the volcanic group was on May 27, 1951.
3383:
2359:
4649:
4644:
4316:
4228:
2464:
2419:
1999:
575:
area of the western Kunlun
Mountains. Some authorities claim that the Kunlun extends further northwest-wards as far as
4624:
4619:
3588:
2491:
1353:
1330:
1289:
4654:
3735:
2544:
4061:
3281:
3162:
2996:
2444:
2404:
2137:
4255:
4250:
3981:
3758:
3634:
3605:
3559:
2839:
2805:
2614:
2217:
917:
422:
203:
4634:
4041:
3951:
3600:
3527:
3316:
2854:
2655:
1913:
909:
752:
436:
189:
2899:
4260:
4026:
4011:
3712:
3569:
3255:
2859:
2701:
2511:
2340:
1846:
106:
3642:
4051:
4046:
3976:
3740:
3581:
2662:
2454:
2414:
2160:
1822:
217:
4265:
3893:
2942:
2871:
2864:
2822:
2604:
2389:
2117:
1525:
634:
630:
461:
1146:
4614:
4339:
4296:
4056:
3941:
3672:
2947:
2881:
2734:
2725:
2609:
2599:
2399:
2222:
2175:
1989:
1142:
1035:
1014:
854:
4629:
4021:
3852:
3554:
3422:
3418:
3309:
3071:
2584:
2290:
2260:
2232:
2090:
1171:
1086:
838:
796:
629:
The range has very few roads and in its 3,000 km length is crossed by only two. In the west,
591:). The Arka Tagh (Arch Mountain) is in the center of the Kunlun Mountains; its highest points are
4016:
3931:
3836:
3426:
3238:
2797:
2650:
2645:
2165:
1839:
1176:
99:
24:
768:
Which means "The hill of Kunlun, which is the capital of the emperor, and the god of the land."
4092:
3441:
3414:
2569:
2528:
984:
954:
704:
4245:
4208:
4001:
3532:
3232:
3088:
3083:
3060:
2827:
2506:
2479:
2439:
2394:
2347:
2327:
2270:
2110:
744:
654:
536:
or Altun Range is one of the chief northern ranges of the Kunlun. Its northeastern extension
318:
1197:
3996:
3873:
3448:
2832:
2564:
2469:
2242:
1402:
1638:
8:
4370:
4182:
4147:
4127:
4031:
4006:
3966:
3730:
3564:
3470:
3355:
3043:
2876:
2574:
2516:
2285:
1650:
1537:
1505:
619:
545:
1308:
4577:
4365:
3961:
3956:
3903:
3778:
3219:
3184:
3001:
2971:
2817:
2686:
2629:
2429:
2424:
2409:
1984:
1946:
1794:
1712:
1592:
1552:
1531:
1519:
1448:
1397:
1370:
1362:
1242:
1214:
1029:
1005:
779:
728:
696:
623:
20:
4551:
4520:
4284:
4218:
3991:
3986:
3971:
3923:
3878:
3763:
3687:
3682:
3666:
3395:
3194:
2981:
2976:
2559:
2449:
2434:
1806:
1801:
1784:
1774:
1751:
1724:
1719:
1667:
1644:
1542:
1385:
1285:
1246:
1234:
1115:
939:
786:
system based on the eastern and western regions. He believes that the myth of Kunlun
775:
700:
511:
427:
279:
271:
633:
traverses the range en route from
Yecheng, Xinjiang to Lhatse, Tibet. Further east,
4453:
3537:
3497:
3460:
3400:
3274:
3174:
3125:
3108:
2991:
2925:
2765:
2594:
2496:
2474:
2145:
2078:
1885:
1746:
1734:
1707:
1421:
1226:
878:
783:
537:
500:
405:
297:
236:
1215:"Decentralizing the origin of civilization: Early archaeological efforts in China"
795:
on the myths and stories of related characters such as the Yellow
Emperor and the
397:, the Kunlun Mountains have been known as the "Forefather of Mountains" in China.
4489:
4468:
4177:
4132:
3946:
3707:
3697:
3522:
3517:
3189:
3179:
3076:
2715:
2710:
2696:
2459:
2322:
2310:
2204:
2191:
1926:
1789:
1779:
1702:
1660:
1597:
1582:
1574:
1557:
1547:
1468:
1428:
1379:
1303:
999:
975:
945:
818:
611:
584:
540:
is another main northern range of the Kunlun. In the south main extension is the
519:
386:
355:
4223:
4157:
4122:
4087:
3936:
3788:
3576:
3512:
3455:
3290:
3245:
3225:
3151:
3093:
2209:
2022:
1729:
1697:
1672:
1631:
1602:
1587:
1166:
830:
596:
496:
378:
332:
257:
583:(7,546 m). But these mountains are physically much more closely linked to the
173:
4608:
4587:
4546:
4432:
4167:
4137:
4112:
3898:
3677:
3652:
3610:
3593:
3544:
3487:
3410:
3199:
2667:
1769:
1682:
1626:
1562:
1463:
1443:
1238:
747:(475–221 BCE), and have become closely integrated into Chinese culture.
682:
669:
660:
615:
592:
572:
557:
412:. Recent sources have the Kunlun range forming most of the south side of the
409:
394:
128:
115:
4308:
39:
4582:
4458:
4396:
4187:
4172:
4117:
4102:
4097:
3883:
3750:
3549:
3492:
3431:
3157:
3113:
3103:
3055:
3050:
3033:
2681:
2352:
2059:
1961:
1956:
1931:
1433:
1322:
1119:
822:
561:
549:
431:
243:
1898:
4463:
4427:
4406:
4401:
4162:
4152:
3908:
3831:
3662:
3502:
3482:
3378:
3342:
3138:
3133:
2017:
2009:
1903:
1893:
1761:
1614:
1511:
842:
834:
800:
604:
588:
580:
576:
568:
492:
484:
483:
province. They stretch along the southern edge of what is now called the
413:
390:
148:
58:
2891:
178:"Kunlun" in simplified (top) and traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
4391:
4375:
4107:
3913:
3801:
3363:
3250:
3038:
2844:
2335:
2199:
1618:
1485:
1416:
771:
719:
600:
533:
488:
472:
401:
2760:
825:) was the first to visit this paradise. There he supposedly found the
4572:
4510:
4484:
4422:
4360:
4355:
4213:
4142:
3692:
3656:
3647:
3006:
2720:
2555:
29-Article
Ordinance for the More Effective Governing of Tibet (1793)
2550:
13-Article Ordinance for the More Effective Governing of Tibet (1751)
2300:
1741:
1655:
1480:
1474:
1457:
1391:
515:
417:
4536:
4515:
4077:
3888:
3821:
3507:
3405:
3332:
2676:
2255:
2038:
1230:
969:
737:
708:
541:
476:
91:
3301:
2580:
Convention Between Great Britain and China Respecting Tibet (1906)
4203:
4082:
3816:
3796:
3768:
3373:
3144:
3098:
3013:
2305:
2102:
1936:
1862:
1831:
1691:
1499:
837:(Xi Wang Mu, the 'Spirit Mother of the West' usually called the '
806:
599:(6,860 m). In the eastern Kunlun Mountains the highest peaks are
495:. A number of important rivers flow from the range including the
480:
95:
4593:
3826:
3811:
3806:
3368:
3023:
2672:
2315:
2054:
1941:
1872:
1307:
925:
734:
642:
504:
468:
65:
460:
Karakash River in the western Kunlun Mountains, seen from the
337:
323:
3773:
3617:
3465:
3209:
3028:
3018:
2133:
638:
553:
507:
19:"Kunlun" redirects here. For the mythological mountain, see
2755:
2750:
2250:
525:
382:
44:
View of Western Kunlun Shan from the Tibet-Xinjiang highway
2986:
896:
887:
1019:
610:
The mountain range formed at the northern edges of the
548:, a southern branch of the Kunlun Mountains, forms the
514:. To the south of the Kunlun is the sparsely populated
2605:
Sino-Indian Trade Agreement over Tibetan Border (1954)
2590:
Treaty of friendship and alliance with Mongolia (1913)
833:, the mythical originator of Chinese culture, and met
899:
890:
884:
276:
262:
248:
989:
959:
893:
567:
The highest mountain of the Kunlun Mountains is the
881:
416:and then continuing east, south of the Altyn Tagh.
1318:. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). pp. 938–941.
475:, the Kunlun Mountains run east through southern
4606:
1302:
4338:
4324:
3317:
2522:Self-immolation protests by Tibetans in China
2118:
1847:
1338:
1112:Comprehensive Geography of the Chinese Empire
760:
503:('White Jade River'), which flow through the
208:
194:
1352:
4331:
4317:
4234:East Turkistan National Awakening Movement
3858:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
3324:
3310:
2125:
2111:
1854:
1840:
1345:
1331:
1087:"Kunlun Mountain Range - A Forever Legend"
172:
1132:National Geographic Atlas of China, 2008
718:
648:
524:
455:
447:
3437:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
1109:
622:, which resulted in the closing of the
4607:
4416:Four Sacred Tibetan Buddhist Mountains
4385:Four Sacred Chinese Buddhist Mountains
2279:Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs
938:
756:, the Kunlun Mountains are mentioned:
278:
4312:
3389:Chief Official of the Western Regions
3305:
2360:People's Republic of China (PRC) rule
2106:
1835:
1326:
1284:. Edinburgh: University Press. 1991.
1028:
998:
968:
4291:
3476:Turkic settlement of the Tarim Basin
2487:1938–1939 German expedition to Tibet
2085:
1995:Qinghai University for Nationalities
1967:Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve
1212:
950:قۇرۇم تاغ تىزمىسى, Қурум Тағ Тизмиси
3384:Protectorate of the Western Regions
3331:
430:sent men to find the source of the
13:
4229:East Turkistan Government in Exile
4037:2014 China–Vietnam border shootout
2465:Chinese expedition to Tibet (1910)
2420:Chinese expedition to Tibet (1720)
2132:
2000:Qinghai University Medical College
1861:
1274:
14:
4666:
2502:Protests and uprisings since 1950
2492:1939 Japanese expedition to Tibet
1296:
1199:神怪小说与山岳信仰关系研究 《中央民族大学》 2011 年博士论文
4290:
4279:
4278:
3736:Xinjiang Agricultural University
2610:70,000 Character Petition (1962)
2600:Seventeen Point Agreement (1951)
2084:
2073:
2072:
1818:
1817:
877:
552:between the catchment basins of
518:region, which forms part of the
38:
4062:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
2585:Anglo-Russian Convention (1907)
1259:
1253:
1195:
3982:September 2009 Xinjiang unrest
3606:Second East Turkestan Republic
3560:Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
2840:Patron and priest relationship
2806:Central Tibetan Administration
2615:Memorandum on Genuine Autonomy
1306:; Bealby, John Thomas (1911).
1206:
1189:
1159:
1135:
1126:
1103:
1079:
1058:
970:[qʰʊˈɾʊmtʰaʁtʰɨzmɨˈsɨ]
930:
921:
913:
867:
761:
423:Records of the Grand Historian
377:constitute one of the longest
338:
324:
277:
263:
249:
209:
195:
1:
3874:Apak Khoja and Xiang Fei Tomb
3601:First East Turkestan Republic
3528:Dzungar conquest of Altishahr
3205:Historical and cultural sites
2570:Convention of Calcutta (1890)
1213:Peng, Peng (1 October 2021).
1051:
614:during its collision, in the
499:('Black Jade River') and the
437:Classic of Mountains and Seas
70:7,167 m (23,514 ft)
4447:Four Sacred Taoist Mountains
4027:2013 Tiananmen Square attack
4012:Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554
3570:Holy War of the Seven Khojas
2545:Treaty of Tingmosgang (1684)
1304:Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch
714:
7:
4640:Mountain ranges of Xinjiang
4052:Assassination of Juma Tayir
3741:Xinjiang Medical University
2565:Treaty of Thapathali (1856)
2455:British expedition to Tibet
2445:Nepal-Tibet War (1855–1856)
2415:Battle of the Salween River
1020:
990:
960:
848:
556:'s two longest rivers, the
10:
4671:
4256:China–Kyrgyzstan relations
4251:China–Kazakhstan relations
3618:People's Republic of China
2938:Postage and postal history
2390:Tibetan attack on Songzhou
1526:Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains
980:قۇن-لۇن توو, Кунь-Лунь Тоо
753:Book of Mountains and Seas
726:
652:
18:
4650:Sites along the Silk Road
4645:Sacred mountains of China
4565:
4529:
4503:
4477:
4446:
4415:
4384:
4348:
4341:Sacred Mountains of China
4274:
4196:
4070:
4057:Xinjiang internment camps
3922:
3866:
3845:
3787:
3749:
3721:
3633:
3354:
3340:
3268:
3124:
2967:
2960:
2933:
2924:
2890:
2793:
2784:
2743:
2641:
2637:
2628:
2537:
2400:Mongol invasions of Tibet
2380:
2184:
2153:
2144:
2068:
2047:
2031:
2008:
1990:Qinghai Normal University
1975:
1912:
1884:
1870:
1815:
1760:
1681:
1613:
1573:
1442:
1369:
1360:
1039:
1009:
979:
949:
855:Sacred Mountains of China
579:(7,649 m) and the famous
443:
367:
360:
354:
349:
331:
317:
312:
308:
302:
296:
291:
270:
256:
242:
235:
230:
226:
216:
202:
188:
183:
171:
167:
162:
154:
144:
105:
87:
79:
74:
64:
54:
49:
37:
32:
4625:Mountain ranges of Tibet
4620:Mountain ranges of China
4261:China–Pakistan relations
4042:April 2014 Ürümqi attack
4022:June 2013 Shanshan riots
3952:1997 Ürümqi bus bombings
3713:Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway
2798:Tibet Autonomous Region
2560:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
2512:1987–1989 Tibetan unrest
1354:Mountain ranges of China
1172:Global Volcanism Program
940:[kʰwə́nlwə̌nʂán]
860:
839:Queen Mother of the West
797:Queen Mother of the West
426:, scroll 123) says that
204:Traditional Chinese
4655:Mountain ranges of Asia
4530:Five Garrison Mountains
4017:April 2013 Bachu unrest
3837:Chinese Islamic cuisine
2905:TAR People's Government
2865:Serfs' Emancipation Day
2405:Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war
1315:Encyclopædia Britannica
1177:Smithsonian Institution
1167:"Kunlun Volcanic Group"
1147:Encyclopædia Britannica
1000:[ˌkʰʊnˈɫʊntʰɔː]
190:Simplified Chinese
25:Kunlun (disambiguation)
16:Mountain range in China
4594:Nyidên, Dabba (Yading)
4566:Other Sacred Mountains
4504:Three Famous Mountains
4478:Three Sacred Mountains
4266:China–Turkey relations
4047:May 2014 Ürümqi attack
3977:July 2009 Ürümqi riots
3582:Reconquest of Xinjiang
3442:Four Garrisons of Anxi
2575:Treaty of Lhasa (1904)
2529:Special Frontier Force
1030:[ˈxɵnt͡ɬəɴʊːɮ]
724:
705:Volcanic Seven Summits
530:
464:
462:Tibet-Xinjiang highway
453:
23:. For other uses, see
4246:World Uyghur Congress
4239:Independence movement
4209:Migration to Xinjiang
4002:Pishan hostage crisis
2948:Qinghai–Tibet railway
2943:Qinghai-Tibet Highway
2910:TAR People's Congress
2882:India–Tibet relations
2855:Independence movement
2507:1959 Tibetan uprising
2395:Battle of Dafei River
2243:Era of Fragmentation
1219:History of Humanities
817:According to legend,
745:Warring States period
722:
707:by elevation. (Mount
655:Kunlun Volcanic Group
649:Kunlun Volcanic Group
528:
459:
451:
4635:Mountains of Qinghai
4592:Three Holy Peaks of
4588:Qomolangma (Everest)
4349:Five Great Mountains
3997:2011 Kashgar attacks
3942:1992 Ürümqi bombings
3894:Grand Bazaar, Ürümqi
3673:Gurbantünggüt Desert
3449:Beiting Protectorate
3256:Traditional medicine
2470:Xinhai Lhasa turmoil
2291:Relations with Ming
2261:Relations with Song
2233:Relations with Tang
2171:European exploration
1403:Tarbagatai Mountains
1110:Richard, L. (1908).
723:Peak in Kunlun range
4183:Ghulam Osman Yaghma
4032:2014 Kunming attack
4007:2012 Yecheng attack
3967:2008 Kashgar attack
3867:Visitor attractions
3731:Xinjiang University
3693:Karakoram Mountains
3565:Afaqi Khoja revolts
3471:Kara-Khanid Khanate
2900:Regional Government
2877:CIA Tibetan program
2860:Serfdom controversy
2744:Traditional regions
2595:Simla Accord (1914)
2517:2008 Tibetan unrest
2341:List of Qing ambans
2286:Phagmodrupa dynasty
2048:Visitor attractions
1651:Zhongtiao Mountains
1538:Gaoligong Mountains
1506:Bayan Har Mountains
918:traditional Chinese
821:(976–922 BCE,
762:崑崙之丘，是實惟帝下之都，神陸吾司之。
679: /
569:Kunlun Goddess Peak
546:Bayan Har Mountains
125: /
4433:Rinpoche (Kailash)
3962:2008 Uyghur unrest
3957:2007 Xinjiang raid
3932:1989 Ürümqi unrest
3779:Tocharian clothing
3214:(ceremonial scarf)
3185:Dzong architecture
3002:Imperial Preceptor
2872:Sovereignty debate
2818:Etymology of Tibet
2430:Lhasa riot of 1750
2425:Jinchuan campaigns
2410:Battle of Dartsedo
2328:Qing dynasty rule
2271:Yuan dynasty rule
2245:(9th–13th century)
1985:Qinghai University
1947:Tanggula Mountains
1823:Landforms of China
1795:Yuecheng Mountains
1713:Jingshan Mountains
1593:Changbai Mountains
1553:Qionglai Mountains
1532:Hengduan Mountains
1520:Tanggula Mountains
1398:Borohoro Mountains
1363:Geography of China
1280:Munro-Hay, Stuart
1143:"Kunlun Mountains"
1066:"Kunlun Mountains"
961:Qurum Tagh Tizmisi
910:simplified Chinese
729:Kunlun (mythology)
725:
697:Eastern Hemisphere
624:Paleo-Tethys Ocean
531:
465:
454:
50:Highest point
21:Kunlun (mythology)
4602:
4601:
4306:
4305:
4219:Chinese Turkestan
3992:2011 Hotan attack
3987:2010 Aksu bombing
3972:Shaoguan incident
3924:Xinjiang conflict
3879:Flaming Mountains
3769:Meshrep gathering
3688:Turpan Depression
3683:Taklamakan Desert
3667:Southern Xinjiang
3623:PRC incorporation
3589:Republic of China
3533:Dzungar–Qing Wars
3396:Kingdom of Khotan
3299:
3298:
3264:
3263:
2956:
2955:
2920:
2919:
2823:Foreign relations
2780:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2624:
2623:
2480:Qinghai–Tibet War
2450:Sikkim expedition
2440:Dogra–Tibetan War
2435:Sino-Nepalese War
2370:political leaders
2348:Post-Qing to 1950
2301:Rinpungpa dynasty
2212:(7th–9th century)
2100:
2099:
1829:
1828:
1807:Western Mountains
1802:Longmen Mountains
1785:Nanling Mountains
1775:Daliang Mountains
1752:Xuefeng Mountains
1725:Jiuling Mountains
1720:Luoxiao Mountains
1668:Yandang Mountains
1645:Taihang Mountains
1639:Lüliang Mountains
1543:Yunling Mountains
1386:Dzungarian Alatau
1018:
988:
958:
776:Chinese mythology
701:Mount Kilimanjaro
571:(7,167 m) in the
512:Taklamakan Desert
428:Emperor Wu of Han
371:
370:
361:قۇرۇم تاغ تىزمىسى
345:
344:
287:
286:
237:Standard Mandarin
222:Kwenlun Mountains
158:
157:
107:Range coordinates
4662:
4615:Kunlun Mountains
4342:
4333:
4326:
4319:
4310:
4309:
4294:
4293:
4282:
4281:
3703:Kunlun Mountains
3538:Dzungar genocide
3498:Chagatai Khanate
3461:Uyghur Khaganate
3401:Sixteen Kingdoms
3326:
3319:
3312:
3303:
3302:
3284:
3277:
3215:
2992:Tibetan Buddhism
2965:
2964:
2931:
2930:
2801:
2791:
2790:
2639:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2497:Battle of Chamdo
2475:Sino-Tibetan War
2331:
2294:
2274:
2264:
2246:
2236:
2223:List of emperors
2213:
2195:
2176:Historical money
2151:
2150:
2127:
2120:
2113:
2104:
2103:
2088:
2087:
2076:
2075:
1952:Kunlun Mountains
1856:
1849:
1842:
1833:
1832:
1821:
1820:
1747:Wuling Mountains
1735:Wugong Mountains
1708:Wudang Mountains
1494:Kunlun Mountains
1434:Liupan Mountains
1422:Qilian Mountains
1411:Kunlun Mountains
1347:
1340:
1333:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1311:
1309:"Kuen-lun"
1268:
1267:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1091:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1062:
1045:
1041:
1036:Standard Tibetan
1032:
1027:
1023:
1013:
1011:
1002:
997:
993:
983:
981:
972:
967:
963:
953:
951:
942:
937:
932:
923:
915:
906:
905:
902:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
871:
778:system into the
764:
763:
694:
693:
691:
690:
689:
684:
680:
677:
676:
675:
672:
637:crosses between
501:Yurungkash River
491:desert, and the
375:Kunlun Mountains
362:
341:
340:
327:
326:
310:
309:
304:
283:
282:
281:
266:
265:
252:
251:
228:
227:
212:
211:
198:
197:
176:
163:Kunlun Mountains
160:
159:
140:
139:
137:
136:
135:
130:
126:
123:
122:
121:
118:
42:
33:Kunlun Mountains
30:
29:
4670:
4669:
4665:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4660:
4659:
4630:Tibetan Plateau
4605:
4604:
4603:
4598:
4561:
4525:
4499:
4473:
4442:
4411:
4380:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4307:
4302:
4270:
4192:
4178:Shirzat Bawudun
4133:Saifuddin Azizi
4066:
3947:Ghulja incident
3918:
3862:
3853:Cotton industry
3841:
3783:
3745:
3717:
3708:Pamir Mountains
3698:Altai Mountains
3629:
3523:Dzungar Khanate
3518:Yarkent Khanate
3350:
3336:
3330:
3300:
3295:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3260:
3213:
3120:
2952:
2916:
2886:
2799:
2772:
2739:
2716:Tibetan Plateau
2711:Rongbuk Glacier
2697:Yarlung Tsangpo
2620:
2533:
2460:Batang uprising
2382:
2376:
2329:
2323:Khoshut Khanate
2311:Ganden Phodrang
2306:Tsangpa dynasty
2292:
2272:
2262:
2244:
2234:
2211:
2205:Yarlung dynasty
2193:
2180:
2140:
2131:
2101:
2096:
2064:
2043:
2027:
2004:
1971:
1927:Tibetan Plateau
1908:
1880:
1866:
1860:
1830:
1825:
1811:
1790:Jiuyi Mountains
1780:Dalou Mountains
1756:
1703:Dabie Mountains
1677:
1661:Tianmu Mountain
1609:
1598:Wanda Mountains
1583:Greater Khingan
1569:
1558:Daxue Mountains
1548:Ailao Mountains
1469:Pamir Mountains
1446:
1438:
1429:Helan Mountains
1380:Altai Mountains
1365:
1356:
1351:
1299:
1277:
1275:Further reading
1272:
1271:
1258:
1254:
1211:
1207:
1194:
1190:
1181:
1179:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1151:
1149:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1108:
1104:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1025:
995:
965:
935:
880:
876:
872:
868:
863:
851:
731:
717:
687:
685:
681:
678:
673:
670:
668:
666:
665:
657:
651:
612:Cimmerian Plate
587:group (ancient
529:The Kunlun Pass
520:Tibetan Plateau
487:, the infamous
446:
404:along with the
387:Tibetan Plateau
379:mountain chains
325:khu nu ri rgyud
179:
133:
131:
127:
124:
119:
116:
114:
112:
111:
45:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4668:
4658:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4596:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4533:
4531:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4507:
4505:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4481:
4479:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4450:
4448:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4388:
4386:
4382:
4381:
4379:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4352:
4350:
4346:
4345:
4336:
4335:
4328:
4321:
4313:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4288:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4231:
4226:
4224:East Turkestan
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4158:Zhang Chunxian
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4123:Ehmetjan Qasim
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4088:Jahangir Khoja
4085:
4080:
4074:
4072:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3937:Barin uprising
3934:
3928:
3926:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3849:
3847:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3793:
3791:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3759:Doppa Festival
3755:
3753:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3727:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3660:
3650:
3645:
3639:
3637:
3631:
3630:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3625:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3603:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3586:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3577:General of Ili
3574:
3573:
3572:
3562:
3557:
3547:
3542:
3541:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3520:
3515:
3513:Turpan Khanate
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3456:Tibetan Empire
3453:
3452:
3451:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3429:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3360:
3358:
3352:
3351:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3329:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3306:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3286:
3285:
3278:
3270:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3229:
3217:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3163:wall paintings
3160:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3130:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3094:Tibetan people
3091:
3089:Social classes
3086:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3053:
3048:
3047:
3046:
3036:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3010:
3009:
3004:
2989:
2979:
2974:
2968:
2962:
2958:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2934:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2902:
2896:
2894:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2803:
2794:
2788:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2758:
2753:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2726:Nature Reserve
2713:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2670:
2660:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2642:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2386:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2365:PRC annexation
2357:
2356:
2355:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2325:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2258:
2253:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2166:List of rulers
2163:
2157:
2155:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2130:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2107:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2082:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2020:
2014:
2012:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1981:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1918:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1890:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1859:
1858:
1851:
1844:
1836:
1827:
1826:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
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1798:
1797:
1792:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1766:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1730:Mufu Mountains
1727:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1700:
1698:Daba Mountains
1695:
1687:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1673:Wuyi Mountains
1670:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1632:Lang Mountains
1623:
1621:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1605:
1603:Qian Mountains
1600:
1590:
1588:Lesser Khingan
1585:
1579:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
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1366:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1350:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1298:
1297:External links
1295:
1294:
1293:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1252:
1231:10.1086/715935
1225:(2): 515–548.
1205:
1188:
1158:
1134:
1125:
1102:
1078:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1040:ཁུ་ནུ་རི་རྒྱུད
1033:
1003:
973:
943:
907:
873:
865:
864:
862:
859:
858:
857:
850:
847:
831:Yellow Emperor
815:
814:
792:
791:
766:
765:
727:Main article:
716:
713:
661:volcanic cones
653:Main article:
650:
647:
603:(6,224 m) and
597:Bukadaban Feng
595:(6,973 m) and
497:Karakash River
445:
442:
369:
368:
365:
364:
358:
352:
351:
347:
346:
343:
342:
335:
333:Tibetan Pinyin
329:
328:
321:
315:
314:
313:Transcriptions
306:
305:
303:ཁུ་ནུ་རི་རྒྱུད
300:
294:
293:
289:
288:
285:
284:
274:
268:
267:
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253:
246:
240:
239:
233:
232:
231:Transcriptions
224:
223:
220:
214:
213:
206:
200:
199:
192:
186:
185:
181:
180:
177:
169:
168:
165:
164:
156:
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151:
146:
142:
141:
109:
103:
102:
89:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
72:
71:
68:
62:
61:
56:
52:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4667:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
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4641:
4638:
4636:
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4628:
4626:
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4618:
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4610:
4595:
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4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
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4570:
4568:
4564:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4502:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4414:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4383:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4371:Heng (Shanxi)
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4334:
4329:
4327:
4322:
4320:
4315:
4314:
4311:
4299:
4298:
4289:
4287:
4286:
4277:
4276:
4273:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4240:
4237:
4236:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4204:Uyghur people
4202:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4168:Salih Hudayar
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4138:Rebiya Kadeer
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4113:Sabit Damolla
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3921:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3899:Id Kah Mosque
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3748:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3678:Kumtag Desert
3676:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3654:
3653:Junggar Basin
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3636:
3632:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3619:
3616:
3612:
3611:Ili Rebellion
3609:
3608:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3594:Xinjiang Wars
3592:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3545:Kumul Khanate
3543:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3488:Mongol Empire
3486:
3484:
3481:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3348:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3327:
3322:
3320:
3315:
3313:
3308:
3307:
3304:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3123:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3096:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2959:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2923:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2783:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2736:
2733:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
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2485:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
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2446:
2443:
2441:
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2436:
2433:
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2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
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2398:
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2391:
2388:
2387:
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2379:
2371:
2368:
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2354:
2351:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2342:
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2326:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2313:
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2309:
2307:
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2299:
2295:
2289:
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2277:
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2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2128:
2123:
2121:
2116:
2114:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2093:
2092:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1937:Yangtze River
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1878:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1857:
1852:
1850:
1845:
1843:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1824:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1770:Cang Mountain
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1736:
1733:
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1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
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1718:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
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1693:
1689:
1688:
1686:
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1680:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1627:Yin Mountains
1625:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1564:
1563:Min Mountains
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1464:Transhimalaya
1462:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1445:
1444:Qinghai-Tibet
1441:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1317:
1316:
1310:
1305:
1301:
1300:
1291:
1290:0-7486-0106-6
1287:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1209:
1201:
1200:
1192:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1129:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1088:
1082:
1067:
1061:
1057:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1022:
1016:
1007:
1004:
1001:
992:
986:
977:
974:
971:
962:
956:
947:
944:
941:
933:
927:
919:
911:
908:
904:
875:
874:
870:
866:
856:
853:
852:
846:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
812:
811:
810:
809:pointed out:
808:
804:
802:
798:
789:
788:
787:
785:
781:
780:Kunlun system
777:
773:
769:
759:
758:
757:
755:
754:
748:
746:
741:
739:
736:
730:
721:
712:
710:
706:
703:) and one of
702:
698:
692:
683:35.5°N 80.2°E
662:
656:
646:
644:
640:
636:
632:
627:
625:
621:
617:
616:Late Triassic
613:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
593:Ulugh Muztagh
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
565:
563:
559:
558:Yangtze River
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
527:
523:
521:
517:
513:
509:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
463:
458:
450:
441:
439:
438:
433:
429:
425:
424:
419:
415:
411:
410:Qin Mountains
407:
403:
398:
396:
395:Western China
393:. Located in
392:
389:south of the
388:
384:
380:
376:
366:
359:
357:
353:
348:
336:
334:
330:
322:
320:
316:
311:
307:
301:
299:
295:
290:
280:
275:
273:
269:
264:K'un-lun Shan
261:
259:
255:
247:
245:
241:
238:
234:
229:
225:
221:
219:
215:
207:
205:
201:
193:
191:
187:
182:
175:
170:
166:
161:
153:
150:
147:
143:
138:
110:
108:
104:
101:
97:
93:
90:
86:
82:
78:
73:
69:
67:
63:
60:
57:
53:
48:
41:
36:
31:
26:
22:
4494:
4366:Heng (Hunan)
4295:
4283:
4188:Rahile Dawut
4173:Sattar Sawut
4118:Sheng Shicai
4103:Yang Zengxin
4098:Zuo Zongtang
3904:Karakul Lake
3884:Jiaohe ruins
3702:
3550:Qing dynasty
3493:Yuan dynasty
3432:Tang dynasty
3231:
3224:
3210:
3158:sand mandala
3150:
3143:
3084:Sinicization
3056:Panchen Lama
3051:Lhamo La-tso
3034:Ganden Tripa
2828:Human rights
2702:Grand Canyon
2682:Namcha Barwa
2675: /
2353:Tibetan Army
2251:Guge kingdom
2089:
2077:
2060:Qinghai Lake
1962:Qaidam Basin
1957:Qinghai Lake
1951:
1942:Mekong River
1932:Yellow River
1690:
1643:
1530:
1518:
1504:
1493:
1492:
1473:
1456:
1449:Southwestern
1410:
1409:
1390:
1378:
1371:Northwestern
1313:
1281:
1262:
1255:
1222:
1218:
1208:
1198:
1191:
1180:. Retrieved
1170:
1161:
1150:. Retrieved
1137:
1128:
1111:
1105:
1093:. Retrieved
1081:
1069:. Retrieved
1060:
1021:Khöndlön Uul
929:
869:
823:Zhou dynasty
816:
805:
793:
774:divides the
770:
767:
751:
749:
742:
732:
658:
628:
609:
566:
562:Yellow River
532:
466:
452:Kunlun range
435:
432:Yellow River
421:
399:
374:
372:
292:Tibetan name
244:Hanyu Pinyin
184:Chinese name
4428:Amne Machin
4163:Ilham Tohti
4153:Wang Lequan
3909:Kizil Caves
3663:Tarim Basin
3503:Moghulistan
3483:Qara Khitai
3379:Han dynasty
3168:wall murals
3072:Catholicism
2656:Environment
2330:(1720–1912)
2293:(1368–1644)
2273:(1270–1350)
2194:(Neolithic)
2192:Prehistory
2018:Han Chinese
1512:Amne Machin
1263:中国神话的地域文化透视
1010:Хөндлөн Уул
991:Kun-Lun Too
931:Kūnlún Shān
843:Han dynasty
835:Hsi Wang Mu
827:Jade Palace
686: /
635:Highway 109
631:Highway 219
605:Amne Machin
589:Mount Imeon
581:Muztagh Ata
577:Kongur Tagh
538:Qilian Shan
493:Gobi Desert
485:Tarim Basin
414:Tarim Basin
391:Tarim Basin
350:Uyghur name
339:Kunu Ri'gyü
250:Kūnlún Shān
149:Gobi Desert
132: /
59:Liushi Shan
4609:Categories
4438:Ghado Jobo
4108:Jin Shuren
3914:Niya ruins
3832:Tunurkawab
3364:Tocharians
3251:Tibetology
3220:Literature
3039:Dalai Lama
2892:Government
2850:Tibet Area
2845:Golden Urn
2811:Parliament
2336:Lifan Yuan
2263:(960–1279)
2200:Zhangzhung
2185:Chronology
1486:Yengisogat
1417:Altyn-Tagh
1182:2014-03-15
1152:2009-11-19
1052:References
1026:pronounced
996:pronounced
966:pronounced
936:pronounced
801:Xi Wang Mu
772:Gu Jiegang
688:35.5; 80.2
601:Yuzhu Peak
534:Altyn-Tagh
489:Taklamakan
473:Tajikistan
402:Altyn Tagh
258:Wade–Giles
145:Borders on
4485:Tian Shan
4469:Qingcheng
4423:Kawagarbo
4214:Altishahr
4143:Nur Bekri
4128:Wang Zhen
4093:Yaqub Beg
3723:Education
3657:Dzungaria
3648:Tian Shan
3635:Geography
3555:Qing rule
3233:Chronicle
3195:Festivals
3007:Dpon-chen
2977:Languages
2972:Education
2721:Changtang
2663:Mountains
2630:Geography
2538:Documents
2383:conflicts
2235:(618–907)
2154:Overviews
1977:Education
1914:Geography
1742:Huangshan
1656:Mount Tai
1575:Northeast
1481:Argu Tagh
1475:Karakoram
1458:Himalayas
1392:Tian Shan
1247:244133983
1239:2379-3163
1015:romanized
1006:Mongolian
985:romanized
955:romanized
715:Mythology
550:watershed
516:Changtang
510:into the
467:From the
418:Sima Qian
129:36°N 84°E
75:Geography
66:Elevation
4578:Zhongnan
4490:Changbai
4285:Category
4078:Amursana
3889:Gaochang
3822:Pamirdin
3508:Kara Del
3411:Göktürks
3406:Gaochang
3333:Xinjiang
3291:Category
3175:Calendar
3109:Diaspora
2982:Religion
2786:Politics
2687:Tanggula
2677:Changtse
2381:Wars and
2256:Tsongkha
2218:Timeline
2161:Timeline
2138:articles
2079:Category
2039:Liangfen
2023:Tibetans
1899:Politics
1095:April 1,
1071:April 1,
849:See also
782:and the
738:paradise
709:Damavand
659:Over 70
560:and the
542:Min Shan
477:Xinjiang
92:Xinjiang
4521:Yandang
4297:Commons
4197:Related
4083:Mingrui
3846:Economy
3817:Youtazi
3797:Dapanji
3789:Cuisine
3751:Culture
3423:Eastern
3419:Western
3374:Xiongnu
3356:History
3347:capital
3275:Outline
3239:writers
3180:Cuisine
3145:thangka
3126:Culture
3099:Changpa
3014:Nyingma
2961:Society
2926:Economy
2761:Ü-Tsang
2735:Valleys
2693:Rivers
2668:Kailash
2228:Lönchen
2210:Empire
2146:History
2091:Commons
2032:Cuisine
2010:Culture
1904:Economy
1894:History
1886:General
1877:capital
1863:Qinghai
1692:Qinling
1683:Central
1500:Hoh Xil
1120:2281016
1017::
987::
957::
829:of the
819:King Mu
807:Mao Dun
784:Penglai
750:In the
699:(after
674:80°12′E
671:35°30′N
620:Siberia
618:, with
481:Qinghai
363:
298:Tibetan
96:Qinghai
80:Country
4583:Gongga
4552:Yiwulü
4547:Kuaiji
4516:Lushan
4495:Kunlun
4459:Longhu
4454:Wudang
4397:Jiuhua
4148:Li Zhi
4071:People
3807:Sangza
3643:Cities
3427:Second
3369:Yuezhi
3343:Ürümqi
3335:topics
3226:Annals
3190:Emblem
3152:tsakli
3024:Jonang
2673:Lhotse
2617:(2008)
2316:Kashag
2136:
2055:Xining
1922:Cities
1873:Xining
1865:topics
1288:
1245:
1237:
1118:
976:Kyrgyz
946:Uyghur
928::
926:pinyin
920::
912::
735:Taoist
643:Golmud
573:Keriya
505:Khotan
469:Pamirs
444:Extent
406:Qilian
356:Uyghur
218:Postal
134:36; 84
88:Region
4511:Huang
4464:Qiyun
4407:Wutai
4402:Putuo
3827:Xurpa
3812:Samsa
3774:Muqam
3764:Music
3466:Qocho
3415:First
3282:Index
3246:Music
3211:Khata
3114:Names
3104:Yolmo
3077:Islam
3029:Gelug
3019:Kagyu
2997:Sakya
2800:(TAR)
2766:Ngari
2651:Fauna
2646:Flora
2134:Tibet
1762:South
1615:North
1282:Aksum
1260:许洋洋.
1243:S2CID
1196:贾海建.
1090:(PDF)
861:Notes
639:Lhasa
585:Pamir
554:China
508:Oasis
319:Wylie
100:Tibet
83:China
4392:Emei
4376:Song
3425:and
3200:Flag
3139:rugs
3061:list
3044:list
2833:LGBT
2756:Kham
2751:Amdo
1619:East
1617:and
1447:and
1286:ISBN
1235:ISSN
1116:OCLC
1097:2024
1073:2024
641:and
408:and
383:Asia
373:The
120:84°E
117:36°N
55:Peak
4573:Lao
4557:Huo
4361:Hua
4356:Tai
3802:Nan
3134:Art
2987:Bon
1227:doi
922:崑崙山
914:昆仑山
479:to
471:of
381:in
272:IPA
210:崑崙山
196:昆仑山
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