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lashes for a minor infraction, which was quintupled to 250, after 210 lashes the
Germans freed their comrade, and attacked the officer, who fled for his life. Word of the German revolt quickly reached the Irish, and about 200 Irish joined. Weapons and liquor were seized. Irish sources state that the homes of a few hated officers were looted and burned by marauding bands. Brazilian sources record that whole blocks of downtown Rio de Janeiro were razed.
36:
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The emperor requested and received help from marines aboard
British and French ships in the harbour. Not wanting to fight against them, many of the rebel barracks surrendered on the third day. The final barracks building was only taken by storm on the fourth morning with very heavy casualties on both
744:
Brazilian
Historical and Geographical Institute -Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro-, 1918, Tomo 83, "Alternate Pictures" "Quadros Alternados", on the mercenaries rebellion in which Irish settlers took part, according to the contemporary narrative by the German mercenary Theodor
477:
Unrest grew among both the Irish and the German mercenaries due to rough treatment, non-payment of wages, general misery and rumors of going into battle soon. The similarly recruited German mercenary soldiers started the Great
Mercenary Revolt on 9 June 1828. When one of them was sentenced to fifty
481:
By the second day, it was realised that the available
Brazilian troops in Rio de Janeiro were insufficient to quell the armed and drunk mobs. Black slaves, who needed no coaxing, and other citizens, were given arms and sent against the mercenaries. The Irish and Germans were slowly pushed from the
420:
Almost 3,000 mostly poor and illiterate people quickly volunteered to make the long and dangerous sea voyage. Some sold what little they owned to buy farm implements for their new life in Brazil. Most apparently did not realize that they had been recruited to fight as mercenaries. 2,700 people
405:
to recruit Irish mercenary soldiers. Cotter arrived in early
January 1827; no mention was made to the Irish of their being recruited as mercenaries. Instead, it was suggested that they would be needed to join a militia in Brazil but that this would not interfere with their farming endeavors.
494:
The surviving people were rounded up. The
Germans were sent to outlying provinces in southern Brazil. At Brazil's expense, 1,400 of the 2,400 Irish who had arrived in January 1828 were sent back to Ireland in July 1828. They arrived home even poorer than when they had left.
503:
on 28 August 1828, and the
Cisplatina province became independent as Uruguay, a buffer state between Brazil and Argentina. Thus, the mercenaries can be considered to have significantly helped Uruguay become independent, though that was not their intent.
498:
The mutiny virtually destroyed two of emperor Pedro's supposed best units and ended his hopes for a land victory to augment his successful naval blockade of
Argentina. Brazil and Argentina both agreed to give up their stalemated war. Pedro ratified the
458:, to farm. Those who did join the army were subject to drilling under unpopular officers offset by endless hours of idleness. Relief, and trouble, were readily available to all the mercenaries at the local grog shops in the form of a cheap yet powerful
445:
Once ashore in Rio de
Janeiro, the Irish were assigned to several barracks buildings. They complained of poor food, and of no replacement clothing for the sea voyage rags that had largely rotted off of them. Some of the Irish simply refused to join the
349:
of 1825–1828. The immigrants, who were recruited in their homelands to come to Brazil, discovered that the promises made to them by the Brazilian government were not fulfilled. In the revolt, the Irish and Germans took control of large parts of
473:
and the Irish did not get along. Taunts of 'white slaves' when the Irish first landed escalated into individual fights, then large scale brawls, and finally, into murders by roving bands on both sides in the dark streets.
417:. Cotter promised free passage, free land – 50 acres for each family, six shillings per day, and military training (local militia only). No mention of the war against the Argentines was ever made.
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450:, claiming that they had been falsely recruited. Several hundred of these holdouts and their families were finally sent, in March 1828, to the town of
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British Exploits in South America: A History of British Activities in Exploration, Military Adventure, Diplomacy, Science, and Trade in Latin America
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The History of Brazil: From the Period of the Arrival of the Braganza Family in 1808 to the Abdication of Dom Pedro the First in 1831
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The first ship sailed for Rio de Janeiro in August 1827, and the rest of the fleet soon followed. Two of the ships, the
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Advertisements were run in local newspapers, and notices were posted on numerous church doors, mainly in
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actually showed up on sailing day, and boarded the nine ships anchored in Cork Harbour.
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668:. Translated and edited by Percy Alvin Martin. New York: Russell & Russell, 1963.
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Bruce, Donald Roger. "Irish Mercenary Soldiers in Brazil, 1827–1828" in
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Von Allendorfer, Frederic. "An Irish Regiment in Brazil, 1826–1828" in
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streets and back into their barracks, their best defensive positions.
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Dom Pedro: The Struggle for Liberty in Brazil and Portugal, 1798–1834
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William Cotter Irish officer in Dom Pedro's army of imperial Brazil
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O'Maidin, Padraig. "An Irish Mutiny in Brazil and a Betrayal" in
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Some Other Place than Here: St. Andrews and the Irish Emigrant
27:
1828 military revolt in Brazil by Irish and German mercenaries
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Baldwin, C.J. "To the Editor of the New York Ev. Post" in
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Irish immigrants in Rio de Janeiro: routine and rebellion
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
632:. Vol. 1. London: F. Westley and A. H. Davis.
726:, Vol. III, No. 10 (Summer 1957), pp. 18–31.
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18:Irish and German Mercenary Soldiers' Revolt
382:and the naval blockade imposed on the port of
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341:) in Brazil was a revolt of German and Irish
69:"Irish and German Mercenary Soldiers' revolt"
703:, Dover, N.H. (4 February 1915), pp. 1.
277:Effective military police of Rio de Janeiro:
362:The Cisplatine War (1825–1828) between the
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733:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1973.
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
750:Irish mercenaries in 19th century Brazil
682:. New York: Russell & Russell, 1963.
654:. Rio de Janeiro: Editorial Vozes, 1971.
640:. 2 Volumes. London: Smith, Elder, 1836.
717:. No location: New Ireland Press, 2000.
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368:United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
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696:. Durham, Duke University Press, 1986.
397:, the Brazilian emperor, sent colonel
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652:Ex-Combatentes Irlandeses em Taperoa
58:adding citations to reliable sources
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1124:Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil
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731:Brazil: From Colony to World Power
629:Notices of Brazil in 1828 and 1829
437:, were shipwrecked along the way.
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661:, Issue 3 (1998), pp. 30.
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1149:Francisco José do Nascimento
1056:Confederation of the Equator
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699:"Mrs. Burns 93 Years Old".
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689:. New York: Century, 1917.
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745:Bösche, page 179 onwards
678:Galogebas, Joao Pandia.
664:Calogeras. Joāo Pandiá.
279:1,000 Brazilian Recruits
1015:Imperial Brazilian Navy
993:Imperial Brazilian Army
964:Reverse parliamentarism
701:Foster's Daily Democrat
673:Foster's Daily Democrat
469:Rio de Janeiro's black
448:Imperial Brazilian Army
339:Revolta dos Mercenários
331:Irish and German revolt
1175:Eusébio de Queirós Law
1165:Abolitionism in Brazil
818:Independence of Brazil
626:Walsh, Robert (1830).
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260:August von Steinhousen
232:Commanders and leaders
1003:Fatherland Volunteers
729:Worcester, Donald E.
650:Basto, Fernando L.B.
645:New York Evening Post
514:Revolutions of Brazil
311:Casualties and losses
1225:Rebellions in Brazil
959:Constitution of 1824
851:Units of measurement
425:The voyage to Brazil
54:improve this article
926:Political instances
903:Prince of Grão-Pará
680:A History of Brazil
666:A History of Brazil
612:, pp. 290–295.
600:, pp. 288–290.
588:, pp. 284–286.
435:Charlotte and Maria
401:back to his native
345:in 1828 during the
1139:José do Patrocínio
1210:Conflicts in 1828
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43:This article
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1020:Naval School
985:Armed Forces
830:Second Reign
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180:Belligerents
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52:Please help
47:verification
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1094:(1864–1870)
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1082:(1851–1852)
1080:Platine War
1076:(1835–1840)
1070:(1835–1845)
1064:(1825–1828)
1052:(1822–1824)
822:First Reign
411:County Cork
343:mercenaries
323:300 wounded
318:180 wounded
245:Dom Pedro I
227:mercenaries
222:mercenaries
1204:Categories
610:Walsh 1830
598:Walsh 1830
586:Walsh 1830
574:Walsh 1830
562:Walsh 1830
550:Walsh 1830
538:Walsh 1830
520:References
372:Cisplatina
358:Background
335:Portuguese
110:April 2010
80:newspapers
1185:Lei Áurea
1144:Luís Gama
1074:Cabanagem
846:Provinces
525:Citations
490:Aftermath
462:, called
1235:Mutinies
977:Military
918:Politics
886:Pedro II
869:Monarchy
841:Nobility
508:See also
433:and the
366:and the
321:240 dead
316:120 dead
265:Strength
152:Location
1107:Slavery
881:Pedro I
836:Economy
826:Regency
814:History
486:sides.
464:cachaça
452:Taperoá
413:and in
403:Ireland
395:Pedro I
376:Uruguay
94:scholar
1158:Others
1058:(1824)
952:Others
471:slaves
306:3,000+
225:German
168:Result
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456:Bahia
454:, in
431:Eliza
370:over
220:Irish
101:JSTOR
87:books
1042:Wars
329:The
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288:600
144:Date
73:news
460:rum
56:by
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