634:, which came into force in 1962. The transitional period whereby decisions were made by unanimity had come to an end, and majority-voting in the council had taken effect. De Gaulle's opposition to supranationalism and fear of the other members challenging the CAP led to an "empty chair policy" whereby French representatives were withdrawn from the European institutions until the French veto was reinstated. Eventually, a compromise was reached with the
515:
43:
619:, which entered into force on 3 May of that year. In the following two years, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Denmark and Norway applied for membership of the Communities, while the neutral countries Austria, Sweden and Switzerland asked for economic association agreements. Membership application was suspended due to opposition from then-French President
650:
On 24 September 1963 the members reached an agreement on merging the executive bodies of the three
Communities. A year later it is agreed the single "Commission" would have nine members: two from each of the larger states, France, Germany and Italy, and one from each of the smaller Benelux states:
706:. It also had to accept all decisions taken since the Merger Treaty. Negotiations took two years with the signing of accession treaties on 22 January 1972. Britain did not hold a referendum before joining; the results of the other three were as follows;
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from April 1967 caused some consternation and introspection in the
Community ranks, and the UK resubmitted its application on 11 May 1967. In 1969 a change in the French Presidency to
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576:(EEC), the latter of which soon became the most important. In 1967 the EEC's institutions took over the other two with the EEC's Commission holding its first terms under
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was signed on 8 April 1965 and entered into force on 1 July 1967 merging all three
Communities with common institutions. The head of the first Commission was
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Norway failed to ratify with 53.5% against; they would try again in the years to come but on 1 January 1973, only the three remaining countries acceded.
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prompted a shift, with France opening up to
British accession. Negotiations began on 30 June 1970, in Britain this was under the
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In 1960, the "outer seven" (Austria, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland and the United
Kingdom) established the
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603:. On 13 May members sat according to political, rather than national, allegiance for the first time.
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843:"The evolution of the political criteria for accession to the European Community, 1957-1973"
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Documents relating to the
History of the European Communities can be consulted at the
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Another crisis was triggered in regard to proposals for the financing of the
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permitted members to use a veto on areas of national interest.
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European
Judicial Network in civil and commercial matters
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history of the
European Communities between 1958 and 1972
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International
Authority for the Ruhr (1949–1951)
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European
Monetary Cooperation Fund (1973–1994)
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The ‘Swinging Sixties’ – a period of economic growth
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Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters
1110:
European Financial Stability Mechanism (2010–
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European Coal and Steel Community (1951–2002)
1101:European Financial Stability Facility (2010–
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2474:Largest cities by population within city limits
607:The European Free Trade Association and the EEC
712:Third Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland
710:Ireland – 83.1% in favour (10 May) (see also:
1083:European Monetary Institute (1994–1998)
1038:European Economic Community (1958–1993)
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537:
1056:European Atomic Energy Community (est. 1958)
870:11245.1/6fc097fd-ebbf-4d72-9b2a-70c8a6df1116
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591:(COREPER) was established. On 19 March the
1757:Mechanism for Cooperation and Verification
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2544:Historical Archives of the European Union
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2211:European Structural and Investment Funds
2133:European System of Financial Supervision
998:Western European Union (1954–2011)
662:, appointed on 6 July of the same year (
717:Norway – 46.5% in favour (25 September)
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1675:European Economic and Social Committee
1484:Court of Justice of the European Union
1008:European Communities (1967–2009)
834:
623:to British membership, seeing it as a
589:Committee of Permanent Representatives
2312:Stabilisation and Association Process
2009:Area of freedom, security and justice
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720:Denmark – 63.3% in favour (2 October)
674:The thorns encountered with the 1964
651:Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg.
2307:European Union Association Agreement
1043:European Community (1993–2009)
669:
1636:European Data Protection Supervisor
938:Ideas of European unity before 1948
781:Each European Commission since 1958
702:and the UK's relationship with the
568:(ECSC) had just been joined by the
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2332:EU Strategy for the South Caucasus
2072:Common Security and Defence Policy
2067:Common Foreign and Security Policy
183:Common Foreign and Security Policy
14:
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2564:European Coal and Steel Community
2537:
2101:Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)
1698:European Union Military Committee
1670:European Committee of the Regions
765:Source of majority of the dates:
566:European Coal and Steel Community
560:saw the early development of the
116:European Coal and Steel Community
2077:Permanent Structured Cooperation
1693:Political and Security Committee
1580:European Atomic Energy Community
805:Fifty years of fraternal rivalry
645:
570:European Atomic Energy Community
513:
140:European Atomic Energy Community
41:
2479:National parties by affiliation
2322:Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
2302:Economic Partnership Agreements
993:Western Union (1948–1954)
613:European Free Trade Association
2484:Presidents of the institutions
2280:European Higher Education Area
1858:International status and usage
1652:Agencies of the European Union
1385:European political foundations
822:
810:
798:
793:BBC on this day, November 27th
786:
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481:History of defence integration
1:
2559:History of the European Union
2275:European Common Aviation Area
1730:Charter of Fundamental Rights
1703:European Union Military Staff
1603:European University Institute
1392:Council of the European Union
759:
638:on 29 January 1966 whereby a
2270:European Political Community
2116:European Banking Supervision
1608:European Stability Mechanism
807:news.bbc.co.uk 19 March 2007
7:
2342:Union for the Mediterranean
2121:Single Resolution Mechanism
2060:Vehicle registration plates
2014:Migration and asylum policy
1993:Potential superpower status
727:
574:European Economic Community
128:European Economic Community
10:
2580:
2285:EU/ESA Framework Agreement
1983:Differentiated integration
1549:European Court of Auditors
1380:European political parties
700:Common Agricultural Policy
632:Common Agricultural Policy
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2402:House of European History
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2024:European Judicial Network
2001:
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520:European Union portal
1593:European Investment Fund
1588:European Investment Bank
817:The 'empty chair' policy
448:Von der Leyen Commission
163:Justice and Home Affairs
2297:European Peace Facility
1524:System of Central Banks
704:Commonwealth of Nations
2407:2012 Nobel Peace Prize
2253:European Economic Area
2111:European banking union
1988:Privileged partnership
1843:Government procurement
841:Janse, Ronald (2018).
829:Merging the executives
680:Regime of the Colonels
593:Parliamentary Assembly
489:History of enlargement
194:Western European Union
2352:Free trade agreements
2194:Health Insurance Card
2128:Capital Markets Union
1978:Democratic legitimacy
1948:Optimum currency area
1769:Legislative procedure
1514:European Central Bank
678:on accession and the
640:gentlemen's agreement
636:Luxembourg compromise
2464:Books on the subject
2327:EU Gateway Programme
2290:EU/ESA Space Council
2248:Neighbourhood Policy
2206:Regional development
2172:Environmental policy
2162:Educational policies
2089:Neighbourhood Policy
1933:Intergovernmentalism
1923:European integration
1838:Community preference
1789:Enhanced cooperation
1774:Citizens' Initiative
1613:Unified Patent Court
1464:Directorates-General
1255:Environmental issues
847:European Law Journal
744:Bretton Woods system
562:European Communities
328:Hallstein Commission
105:European Communities
2489:Terrorist incidents
2317:Eastern Partnership
2258:EEA Joint Committee
2177:European Green Deal
2147:Agricultural policy
1953:Supranational union
1444:European Commission
1402:General Secretariat
1338:European Parliament
1293:Special territories
1093:Financial stability
739:Mansholt Commission
734:Malfatti Commission
476:History of the euro
358:Mansholt Commission
348:Malfatti Commission
281:Treaty of Amsterdam
261:Single European Act
2337:Northern Dimension
2084:Enlargement Policy
2026:(criminal matters)
1938:Multi-speed Europe
1631:European Ombudsman
1287:(first-level NUTS)
1270:Larger urban zones
860:10.1111/eulj.12253
627:for US influence.
572:(Euratom) and the
497:List of presidents
438:Juncker Commission
428:Barroso Commission
378:Jenkins Commission
152:European Community
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2437:Telephone numbers
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2152:Cultural policies
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1889:Unemployment rate
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1571:international-law
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1554:Secretary-General
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1265:Geographic centre
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670:First enlargement
621:Charles de Gaulle
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471:History of Europe
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408:Santer Commission
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368:Ortoli Commission
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271:Maastricht Treaty
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2184:Fisheries policy
1943:Neofunctionalism
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1489:Court of Justice
1427:European Council
1375:Political groups
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688:Georges Pompidou
676:Spanish Question
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502:List of founders
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388:Thorn Commission
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301:Treaty of Lisbon
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2347:Global Strategy
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2201:Labour mobility
2094:Global Strategy
2055:Driving licence
1997:
1973:Pro-Europeanism
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1735:Competition law
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1280:Protected areas
1250:External border
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2362:Current agenda
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1260:Extreme points
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2019:Schengen Area
2017:
2015:
2012:
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2010:
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656:Merger Treaty
652:
646:Merger Treaty
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614:
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601:its President
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251:Merger Treaty
249:
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204:Western Union
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2546:in Florence
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2216:Space policy
1884:Average wage
1879:Minimum wage
1762:
1506:Central bank
1321:Institutions
1245:Demographics
1128:Enlargements
1111:
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1070:Central bank
977:Predecessors
952:
850:
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836:
824:
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754:Fouchet Plan
723:
696:Edward Heath
692:Conservative
673:
653:
649:
629:
625:Trojan horse
610:
587:In 1958 the
586:
557:
555:
150:
138:
126:
114:
97:Organisation
85:2004–present
69:
15:
2494:Urban areas
2357:Enlargement
2035:Citizenship
1784:LGBT rights
1622:Independent
1437:Euro summit
1353:Secretariat
1330:Legislature
1186:Withdrawals
319:Commissions
208:(1948–1954)
198:(1954–2011)
188:(1993–2009)
177:(2003–2009)
167:(1993–2003)
157:(1993–2009)
133:(1958–1993)
121:(1952–2002)
109:(1958–2009)
2553:Categories
2469:Directives
2367:Statistics
2189:Healthcare
1928:Eurosphere
1833:Currencies
1804:Withdrawal
1779:Regulation
1584:EIB Group
1529:Eurosystem
1397:Presidency
1358:Committees
1298:Statistics
968:Since 2004
760:References
2417:Languages
2396:Douzelage
2240:relations
2040:passports
1963:Euromyths
1867:Transport
1745:Directive
1573:EU bodies
1519:President
1476:Judiciary
1449:President
1432:President
1419:Executive
1407:Eurogroup
1363:Elections
1343:President
1240:Geography
1228:Geography
853:: 57–76.
617:Stockholm
578:Hallstein
80:1993–2004
75:1973–1993
70:1958–1972
65:1948–1957
2518:Category
2432:Religion
2238:Foreign
2226:VAT Area
2106:Eurozone
2002:Policies
1916:Concepts
1908:Politics
1848:Eurozone
1799:opt-outs
1794:Treaties
1684:Military
1661:Advisory
1645:Agencies
1285:Regions
943:Founders
930:Timeline
728:See also
660:Jean Rey
222:Treaties
53:Timeline
24:a series
22:Part of
2509:Outline
2442:Symbols
2383:Culture
1872:TRACECA
1816:Economy
1624:offices
921:History
831:CVCE.eu
819:CVCE.eu
2523:Portal
1828:Budget
1725:Acquis
1686:bodies
1663:bodies
1312:Bodies
783:EU AVS
684:Greece
564:. The
465:Topics
185:pillar
26:on the
2456:Lists
1569:Other
2049:list
1853:Euro
1214:2020
1209:2012
1204:1985
1199:1984
1194:1962
1176:2013
1171:2007
1166:2004
1161:1995
1156:1990
1151:1986
1146:1981
1141:1973
1136:1954
1112:2012
1103:2012
654:The
580:and
556:The
452:2019
442:2014
432:2004
422:1999
412:1994
402:1985
392:1981
382:1977
372:1973
362:1972
352:1970
342:1967
332:1958
305:2007
295:2001
285:1997
275:1992
265:1986
255:1965
245:1957
235:1951
1717:Law
865:hdl
855:doi
682:in
666:).
615:in
599:as
582:Rey
2555::
863:.
851:24
849:.
845:.
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2047:(
1114:)
1105:)
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897:t
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873:.
867::
857::
714:)
545:e
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531:v
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