681:
1099:
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443:
1623:
700:
1639:
661:
274:
22:
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237:
669:
507:
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1545:." The strength of these materials was deemed to be shatter-resistant enough for use in ski goggles, though polycarbonate is the best choice of these three. Despite these findings and analysis, in 1984, shortly after the passing of these regulations, it was found that "the mix of lens materials was approximately 78% glass, 11% plastic, and 11% polycarbonate."
3660:
1325:. These introduced a new ski geometry, common today, with a much wider tip and tail than waist. When tipped onto their edges, they bend into a curved shape and carve a turn. Other companies quickly followed suit, and it was realized in retrospect that "It turns out that everything we thought we knew for forty years was wrong." The modern
1561:
414:), Norway. It is estimated to be 1300 years old (that is, from around the year 700). A ski found in 2014 at the same location (some five meters from last find) is believed to belong to the same pair so that the two skis constitute the world's oldest complete set. The skis are made of birch and have leather bindings.
26:
23:
1355:
In the early days of skiing the binding was also similar to those of a contemporary snowshoe, generally consisting of a leather strap fastened over the toe of the boot. In the 1800s, skiing evolved into a sport and the toe strap was replaced by a metal clip under the toe. This provided a much greater
1364:
binding, first introduced in 1927. The original
Rottefella eliminated the heel strap, which held the boot forward in the binding, by drilling small holes in the sole of the boot which fit into pins in the toe piece. This was standardized as the 3-pin system, which was widespread by the 1970s. It has
371:
and dated to 3200 BCE. There are some 20 findings of ancient well-preserved skis found in drained bogs in Norway, indicating that skis have been widely used in Norway, particularly
Northern Norway, since prehistoric times. Skis have also been uncovered in ancient graves. In 2014, a ski complete with
711:
The first recorded organized skiing exercises and races are from military uses of skis in
Norwegian and Swedish infantries. For instance, details of military ski exercises in the Danish-Norwegian army from 1767 included downhill in rough terrain, target practice while skiing downhill, and 3 km
623:
mountain pass by a man on a kind of snow skates moving very quickly without being obstructed by snowdrifts that would engulf both people and horses. People in this region move around like this. I've seen it repeatedly. It requires no more effort than what is needed to keep warm. The day will surely
1398:
A typical "universal" ski boot of the leather era. This example, by G. H. Bass, includes an indentation around the heel where the cable binding would fit, and a metal plate at the toe for a Saf-Ski release binding. The leather strap is a "long thong", used by downhill skiers to offer some level of
1258:
Around 1850, artisans in
Telemark, Norway, invent the cambered ski. This ski arches up in the middle, under the binding, which distributes the skier's weight more evenly across the length of the ski. Earlier plank-style skis had to be thick enough not to bow downward and sink in the snow under the
1548:
Many modern iterations of ski goggles feature technology which allows the skier to quickly swap the type of lens in their goggles, without needing to bring multiple pairs along with them. The lens of these goggles is typically held in place using magnets or a switch system, and the replacement of
1531:
came in the 1960's with the creation of the double-lens ski goggle. Created by Bob Smith, an orthodontist from Sun Valley, Utah, these goggles allowed for air flow behind the lens in order to limit fogging and improve the skier's vision. Although uncommon, injuries to the user's eyes were still
1372:
in 1908 led to the evolution of alpine skiing as a sport. In the past, skiers would have to ski or walk up the hills they intended to ski down. With the lift, the skiers could leave their skis on and would be skiing downhill all the time. The need to unclip the heel for cross-country use was
1171:
1939: the Sno-Surf is patented in the USA. Made of solid white oak, it had an adjustable strap for the left foot, a rubber mat to hold the right foot, a rope with a loop used to control speed and steer, and a guide stick used to steer. The first commercially successful precursor to the
250:
The oldest information about skiing is based on archaeological evidence. Two regions present the earliest evidence of skis and their use: northern Russia, where the oldest fragments of ski-like objects, dating from about 6300–5000 BCE were found about 1,200 km northeast of
25:
380:
mountains, Norway. The binding is at a small elevated area in the middle of the 172 cm long and 14,5 cm wide ski. According to the report the ski is some 1300 years old. Many organic artifacts have been well preserved for several thousand years by the stable glaciers of
1254:
had developed a special long ski to sneak into shooting distance to the seals' breathing holes, though the ski was useful in moving in the packed ice in general and was made especially long, 3–4 meters, to protect against cracks in the ice. This is called skredstång in
Swedish.
1222:
Asymmetrical skis were used at least in northern
Finland and Sweden up until the 1930s. On one leg, the skier wore a long straight non-arching ski for sliding, and on the other a shorter ski for kicking. The bottom of the short ski was either plain or covered with animal
389:
is dated to 1010. Based on findings in the Nordic countries and elsewhere, researchers have identified at least three main types of ski: arctic, southern and central Nordic. The arctic type was short and covered with fur, and used from northern Japan in the east to
1359:
This buckled strap was later replaced by a metal cable. The cable binding remained in use, and even increased in popularity, throughout this period as cross-country skiing developed into a major sport of its own. Change eventually came through the evolution of the
394:
in the west. The Sami people probably brought this type to the Nordic region. The southern type had one short and one long ski, and was used in forest areas of
Southern Scandinavia and the Baltic countries. The central Nordic type also had one short with fur (the
1536:
passed regulations for the materials with which ski goggles could be made from that this issue was addressed. This specification stated that goggles "...required the lenses to be made either of tempered glass or one of the available lens plastics,
1460:
skis were made with fishscale bases. Klister, a sticky material, which provides grip on snow of all temperatures that has become coarse-grained as a result of multiple freeze-thaw cycles or wind packing, was invented and patented in 1913 by
297:. The Rødøy carving shows skis of equal length. A rock carving at Norway, from about 1000 or 500 BCE depicts a skier seemingly about to shoot with bow and arrow, with skis positioned in an angle (rather than parallel) to offer good support.
1422:
started a parallel evolution of binding and boot. Boots with the sole extended rearward to produce a flange for the cable to firmly latch became common, as did designs with semi-circular indentations on the heel for the same purpose.
1356:
grip on the boot, allowing the ski to be pushed sideways. The heel strap also changed over time; in order to allow a greater range of motion, a spring was added to allow the strap to lengthen when the boot was rotated up off the ski.
1518:
utilize much longer, straight poles, so as to make it easier for the skier to reach the ground while traversing the mountain. This is particularly important in the uphill portions of the courses featured in cross country skiing.
1509:
In order to better adapt to different styles of skiing, modern skiers use a slightly different pole for each type of skiing. In racing, the poles are typically a much lighter weight, featuring a curve and durable design.
599:
used skis at least from 1675, and the Danish-Norwegian army included specialized skiing battalions from 1747 – details of military ski exercises from 1767 are retained. Skis were used in military exercises in 1747.
1373:
eliminated, at least at resorts with lifts. As lifts became more common, especially with the introduction of the chairlift in 1936, the ski world split into cross-country and downhill, a split that remains to this day.
732:) for difficulty. These 19th-century races in Telemark ran along particularly difficult trails usually from a steep mountain, along timber slides, and ended with a sharp turn ("Telemark turn") on a field or icy lake.
24:
1426:
With the introduction of ski lifts, the need for skiing to get to the top of the hill was eliminated, and a much stiffer design was preferred, providing better control over the ski when sliding downhill.
1445:("History of Lapland") in 1673 probably gave the first recorded instruction for ski wax application He advised skiers to use pine tar pitch and rosin. Ski waxing was also documented in 1761.
49:, starting in the mid-1800s skiing became a popular recreational activity and sport, becoming practiced in snow-covered regions worldwide, and providing a market for the development of
935:
1905/1906: The notion of "slalom" (Norwegian: "slalåm") was used for the first time at a race in
Sonnenberg. Skiing between poles with flags called "Wertungsfahren" at Münchenkuggel.
1603:
3632:
Skiing trauma and safety: seventh international symposium: the
Seventh International Symposium on Ski Trauma and Skiing Safety was presented at Chamonix, France, on 11-15 May 1987
45:(a region in western Russia on the border with Finland) and date to 6000 BCE. Although skiing's origins were purely utilitarian, the modern sport evolved from beginnings in
1587:
1061:
1980: After the cross-country skiing event at the
Olympic Winter Games was won by 0.01 seconds, the FIS was forced to change the precision of the timing in the events
909:, a ski club and literary society, was founded, publishing a journal featuring reports, interviews, poems, plays, and drawings from the early days of skiing in Norway
1456:. Wax does not stick to aluminum, so the base under the foot included grips to prevent backsliding, a precursor of modern fish scale waxless skis. In 1970 waxless
1407:
winter boots, held to the ski with leather straps. As skiing became more specialized, so too did ski boots, leading to the splitting of designs between those for
2646:
255:
at Lake Sindor, and the Altaic region of modern China where 5000-year-old paintings suggest the aboriginal use of skis, though this is still highly debated.
1638:
1286:
which could hold wax. This hugely successful ski was unique at the time in having been designed for the recreational market, rather than for racing. 1962: a
1688:
3655:
1575:
1803:
680:
611:
A Pair of Stilts or Skates, with which the Norwegians, Laplanders, and Finlanders run down high snawy mountaines with almost an incaepible swift pace.
4001:
1502:
Early adaptations of the ski pole featured wood or metal baskets above the tip. These designs were deemed too heavy, and following the conclusion of
491:
mentioned what may have been Sami and described how they chased animals by a twisted piece of wood that they painstakingly shaped to resemble a bow.
3927:
3101:
2695:
1622:
402:
In 2021, a well-preserved ski at 187 cm length and up to 17 cm wide was found near a shrinking glacier at an altitude of 1000 meters in
841:, the Norwegian pavilion presented a display of skis. This ancient means of locomotion drew the attention of visitors who bought many of them.
1481:, Toko, Holmenkol, Briko, and Maplus are dedicated to ski wax production and have developed a range of products to cover various conditions.
807:
1864: From January 1864, "Trondheim Weapons Training Club" organized regular training and competition races (cross-country and jumping), in
3222:
2140:
4704:
461:
hunting on skis, Ullr and Skaði has later been regarded as the god and goddess of skiing and hunting. Early historical evidence includes
314:
278:
3491:
1098:
1317:, but in fact, torsion box skis became common beginning in 1962 with the introduction of the Dynamic VR7 and VR17 race skis. In 1993,
4030:
652:
in Kobe imported ski equipment and introduced skiing to the Japanese, motivated by the death of Japanese soldiers during snowstorms.
1560:
1880:
1227:
to aid this use, while the long ski supporting the weight of the skier was treated with animal fat in a similar manner to modern
1103:
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2097:
1762:
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come when even those of other European nations are learning to take advantage of this convenient and cheap mode of transport.
587:
1549:
these lens can allow the user to swap the amount of tint through which they look to adapt to different lighting situations.
4734:
1719:
1506:, it became much more common to make the baskets out of some plastic material, a practice which has continued until today.
632:" transported mail by skiing across the Sierra Nevada between California and Nevada from 1856. In 1888, Norwegian explorer
483:). Birkely argues that the Sami people have practiced skiing for more than 6000 years, evidenced by the very old Sami word
1418:
Modern skiing developed as an all-around sport with uphill, downhill, and cross-country portions. The introduction of the
1263:
that narrowed the ski underfoot while the tip and tail remained wider. This enabled the ski to flex and turn more easily.
645:
541:
reports how Sverre, around the year 1200, sent troops on ski to patrol the Aker area near Oslo. During Sverre's siege of
317:
depicts hunting of big game with hunters on equal length skis. The hunters apparently used their bow and spear as poles.
3974:
2918:
1890:
1299:
3404:
4799:
3858:
2964:
2484:
3152:
2650:
2003:
1462:
4256:
3987:
2620:
2439:
637:
2456:
1906:
Burov, Grigori (1985). "Mesolithic wood artefacts from the site of Vis I in the European North-east of the USSR".
4729:
4697:
4060:
1696:
1051:
522:
513:
and his crew pose for the photographer with some of their gear for the 1888 Greenland expedition. From left are:
434:
in the sixth century CE, who wrote of a people who skied that he called the “scrithiphinnoi,” or “sliding Sami".
902:
by the friends of Henry Duhamel, to whom he had distributed 14 pairs of skis acquired during his trip to Finland
628:
Norwegian immigrants used skis ("Norwegian snowshoes") in the US Midwest from around 1836. Norwegian immigrant "
3839:
3560:
2277:
1925:
1838:
1787:
3888:
1926:"Naturalistic animals and hand stencils in the rock art of Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region, Northwest China"
716:) is a word of Norwegian origin that has entered the international skiing vocabulary. In the 1800s, skiers in
577:
in the 13th century. The speed and distance that ski troops are able to cover are comparable to that of light
3587:
2501:
2401:
A Catalogue of all the cheifest rarities in the publick theatre and anatomie-hall of the university of Leyden
1499:
dates to 1741. In 1959 Ed Scott introduced the large-diameter, tapered shaft, lightweight aluminum ski pole.
881:
834:
3359:
2529:
4724:
4055:
3675:
1412:
979:
1977:
1477:, introduced in 1986, to increase water and dirt repellency and increase glide. Many companies, including
2980:
2193:
2031:
1121:
1868: Mountain resorts became commercially viable when city-dwellers could reach them in winter by train.
3109:
2703:
41:, has a history of at least eight millennia. The earliest archaeological examples of skis were found in
4875:
4690:
4567:
4180:
2599:
2577:
1613:
426:
era Chinese scholar estimated between 206 BCE and 225 BCE, and referred to people who had skied in the
101:, however, do not form a verb from the noun. Other languages make a verb form out of the noun, such as
81:
which means "cleft wood", "stick of wood" or "ski". In Old Norse common phrases describing skiing were
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2672:
2552:
4774:
4357:
4294:
3073:
1283:
3427:
3180:
3123:
442:
4814:
4804:
4347:
1629:
1136:
941:
1907: First International Ski Competition, between Montgenevre (in France) and Claviere (in Italy).
884:
started skiing in the Tyrol with his family using four pairs of skis sent from Norway as a present.
783:
403:
377:
2272:. 22 (in Norwegian). Alta: Høgskolen i Finnmark, Avdeling for fritids- og kulturfag. p. 136.
4819:
4794:
4769:
3077:
2114:
1959:
1667:
1662:
1532:
occurring due to the use of fragile materials in the lenses of many goggles. It wasn't until the
1055:
929:
649:
3233:
2872:"Guide to Claviere and Montgenevre published by the Piemonte Regional Government Tourist Office"
4824:
4739:
4362:
4185:
1648:
951:
787:
2871:
1243:
names of 'savek' and 'golos' for the plain and skinned short ski. Finnish names for these are
4849:
4749:
4671:
4627:
3921:
3472:
2894:
2061:
1380:
broke his leg skiing, and while recuperating from surgery, invented the Saf-Ski toe binding.
827:
615:
In 1799, French traveler Jacques de la Tocnaye visited Norway and wrote in his travel diary:
264:
3756:
3500:
4854:
4622:
4595:
4121:
2795:
2218:
1511:
1086:
1079:
1073:
1025:
983:
699:
542:
8:
4839:
4789:
4744:
4413:
4342:
779:
546:
492:
423:
130:
3258:
1567:
801:, Norway, January 22, 1862. Judges awarded points for style ("elegance and smoothness").
4834:
4784:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4489:
4261:
4216:
4126:
3809:
3801:
3561:"Ski wax made (somewhat) simple—Confused by the wax rainbow? Maybe you've gone too far"
3011:
2145:
2008:
1533:
94:
2337:
751:, Norway on March 19, 1843. Also the first skiing competition reported in a newspaper.
353:
341:
240:
4844:
3949:
3909:
3873:
3854:
3835:
3813:
3793:
3762:
3741:
3722:
3719:
La Connaissance du Ski en France Avant 1890: approche bibliographique, 16e-19e siècle
3695:
3635:
3297:
3083:
3055:
3045:
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2509:
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2435:
2298:
2273:
2093:
1886:
1834:
1783:
1758:
1166:
1010:
990:
629:
604:
558:
268:
192:
1085:
2009: campaign for the inclusion of women's ski jumping led to its inclusion in the
4809:
4713:
4382:
4304:
4276:
4100:
3785:
3687:
1515:
1069:
1032:
906:
724:), more gentle slopes had the adjective "sla". Some races were on "bumpy courses" (
574:
538:
514:
407:
176:
140:
126:
106:
98:
1495:
Early skiers used one long pole or spear. The first depiction of a skier with two
1309:
ski construction design is patented. The patent is referenced by Kästle, Salomon,
4779:
4661:
4418:
4377:
4266:
4079:
3629:
2399:
2365:
1342:
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1191:
1003:
1929: Norwegian instructors arrived in Sapporo and train Japanese in ski jumping.
945:
819:
673:
633:
510:
496:
488:
479:
450:
427:
172:
116:
2600:"Union Leader - Nansen Ski Jump gets historical marker (seventh paragraph down)"
1731:
549:
as a baby in 1206 was transported by soldiers on skis through the hills between
4585:
4201:
2810:
1318:
1240:
1111:
1820: A newspaper in Oslo, Norway carries an advertisement for the sale of skis
1045:
913:
641:
550:
320:
5000-year-old wall paintings suggest skiing had also evolved separately in the
150:
3776:
Dresbeck, LeRoy J. (October 1967). "The ski: its history and historiography".
3318:
3087:
477:) translated as "ski running samis" (Sami people were commonly referred to as
4869:
4557:
4525:
4433:
4423:
4408:
4284:
4246:
4165:
4150:
4131:
4040:
3913:
3797:
3699:
3630:
Johnson, Robert J.; American Society for Testing and Materials, eds. (1989).
3059:
2889:
1542:
1474:
1457:
1419:
1408:
1271:
1195:
1128:
1082:: Appearance of sprint and mass start cross-country events in Salt Lake City.
888:
857:
842:
815:
518:
430:. Another ancient text referring to skiing was made by the Byzantine scholar
298:
636:
and his team crossed the Greenland icecap on skis. Norwegian workers on the
554:
503:(1274) stated that "No moose shall be disturbed by skiers on private land."
4639:
4617:
4438:
4334:
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4251:
4221:
4206:
4170:
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4014:
3412:
3198:
1594:
1503:
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1389:
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1326:
1295:
1232:
1065:
1044:
bought the rights to show the Olympic Winter Games, marking the first time
1019:
972:
919:
771:
660:
582:
526:
399:) and one long, and was used in large parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
301:
in Norway dated at 4000 BCE depict a man on skis holding a stick. Near the
3979:
2540:(135). Marysville, CA: 2. 30 January 1861 – via Chronicling America.
2383:
2167:
Malmo, Marianne Duun; Sørenes, Arne & Vollan, Mette (5 October 2021).
875:
759:
273:
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4454:
4398:
4105:
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3691:
2472:
2318:
1466:
1436:
1306:
1267:
1236:
1132:
998:
965:
868:
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592:
562:
530:
466:
203:
50:
46:
2624:
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4372:
4324:
4314:
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4211:
4072:
3805:
1470:
1361:
1310:
1287:
1162:
958:
846:
823:
741:
352:, Finland that has been dated back to 3245 BCE. Noted examples are the
4602:
4590:
4535:
4530:
4496:
4479:
4403:
4367:
4319:
4136:
1885:. Historical Dictionaries of Sports. Scarecrow Press. pp. 1–14.
1780:
O̧ndurdís og o̧ndurgoð: studier over den førkristne religion i Norden
1644:
1330:
1224:
1173:
1115:
1037:
1959: The FIS officially required the wearing of helmets in all races
864:
808:
712:
cross-country skiing with full military backpack. Slalom (Norwegian:
704:
668:
620:
596:
545:, soldiers boldly skied down the steep cliff. According to the saga,
506:
462:
431:
386:
302:
207:
72:
4682:
3789:
1960:"The Role of Skis and Skiing in the Settlement of Early Scandinavia"
1183:
1952: The first major commercial snow-making machinery installed at
994:
748:
206:
also have their own words for "skis" and "skiing": for example, the
30:
Video demonstration of a variety of ski techniques used in the 1940s
4577:
4547:
4501:
4474:
4459:
4241:
1496:
1449:
1369:
1322:
912:
1898: Canadian championships in ski jumping and ski-running won by
899:
737:
717:
685:
500:
391:
364:
321:
290:
1930:
Rock Art Research: The Journal of the Australian Rock Art Research
1874:
1872:
1870:
1347:
458:
411:
348:; it dates back to 4500 or 2500 BCE. In 1938 a ski was found from
309:, rock carvings were discovered in 1926 and dated to 2000 or 2500
285:
The earliest Scandinavian examples of skiing date to 3000 or 4000
236:
4612:
4607:
4506:
4469:
4352:
4289:
4175:
3901:
3493:
Investigation of the most essential factors influencing ski glide
3367:
3319:"Patent number: 4005875 Ski construction of the torsion box type"
2169:"Nå er 1300 år gammelt skipar komplett. Dette er verdenshistorie"
1868:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1609:
1528:
1404:
1394:
1314:
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1279:
1275:
1260:
1228:
1217:
1177:
578:
570:
382:
373:
42:
3614:
Beschreibung von dem unter schwedischer Krone gehörigen Lappland
1231:. An early record of this type of skis survives in the works of
244:
4010:
3969:
3738:
The Culture and Sport of Skiing: From Antiquity to World War II
2773:"Mit dem Ski auf das Kitzbichler Horn (1994 m) 1 November 1893"
2113:
Nordrum, Ivar Arne & Bratterud, Liv-Iren (6 October 2014).
2056:
1453:
1140:
798:
767:
747:
1843: First public skiing competition ("betting race") held in
422:
The earliest known texts that mention skiing were written by a
368:
357:
345:
325:
306:
294:
252:
34:
3181:"Halvor Kleppen – Telemark Skiing, Norway's Gift to the World"
3102:"The Progression of an Obsession: Ski History 4,000 B.C.-1930"
2988:
1847:
954:
of Australia held an "international contest" of "ski running".
603:
A 1593 inventory of the "choicest rarities" on display at the
289:
with primitive carvings. An image of a skier holding a single
4542:
2726:"Skis – Bindings – Telemark Turn – Christiania Turn – Slalom"
1924:
Tacon, Paul SC; Huisheng, Tang; Aubert, Maxime (March 2016).
1538:
1302:. By the late '60s, fibreglass had mostly replaced aluminum.
838:
804:
1863: First recorded female ski jumper at Trysil competition.
361:
349:
3946:
Skis and Skiing from the Stone Age to the birth of the sport
3499:(Licentiate). Luleå University of Technology. Archived from
2325:. Ranheim: Norske Skiloperer Ostlandet Nord Oslo. p. 9.
1152:
1908: Ski vacations are being advertised and sold in England
3540:
Masia, Seth (September 2003). "The Wonderful Waxless Ski".
1478:
1278:
core. The design included steel edges (invented in 1928 in
850:
499:'s practice of sending his tax collectors out on skis. The
454:
385:
county and emerge when glaciers recede. A ski excavated in
1146:
1904: The first English book written about skiing, titled
4484:
3252:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3209:
Modus celerimus currendi i lignis planis pedibus affixis.
1041:
640:
introduced skiing in South America around 1890. In 1910,
566:
337:
336:
The first primitive Scandinavian ski was found in a peat
310:
286:
62:
38:
3870:
Two Planks and a Passion: The Dramatic History of Skiing
2828:
2458:
Inderøyboka. Ei bygdebok for Inderøy, Røra og Sandvollan
1259:
skier's weight. Norheim's ski was also the first with a
790:. Ski racing as an organised sport commenced in America.
676:
depicting Norwegian skiing at an 1881 exhibit in Germany
179:
has its own ancient words for skis and skiing: "ski" is
3899:
3658:, 梁传庆, "一种滑雪眼镜快速更换镜片的结构", issued 2017-04-12
925:
1905: foundation of the Czech national ski association
3243:
2004:"China's Stone Age Skiers and History's Harsh Lessons"
3389:
Lert, Wolfgang (March 2002). "A Binding Revolution".
2793:
Watkins, Olga (1937). "The first Skis in the Tyrol".
1831:
Riksmål og moderat bokmål: en sammenlignende oversikt
1274:, constructed by sandwiching aluminum alloy around a
2479:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Hjemmets forlag. p. 269.
1566:
11th-century depiction of a hunter on skis from the
1124:
1895: The first yearly "ski book" releases in Norway
1923:
863:1884: First pure cross-country competition held in
3740:. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
3674:Anderson, A. & Dempsey, P. (1 December 2015).
2166:
1465:. Recent advancements in wax have been the use of
2959:. London: George Allen & Unwin. p. 101.
2890:"Ski Running at Kiandra—An International Contest"
2728:. Sondre Norheim - the Skiing Pioneer of Telemark
2718:
2461:(in Norwegian). Inderøy, Norway: Inderøy kommune.
874:1893: Franz Reisch made first descent on skis at
4867:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2112:
231:
3673:
3207:. Rome. First Book, Chapter IIII, Pages 13-14.
2919:"The Man Who Changed the Face of Alpine Skiing"
1365:now generally been replaced by the NNN system.
1028:: Women's Nordic skiing included for first time
223:
217:
211:
76:
2948:
2553:"The Long Run: Australia's Storied Ski Heaven"
2417:Promenade d'un Français en Suède et en Norvège
2388:. New York: Harper & Row. 1979. p. 5.
446:British troops with skis in Norway, April 1940
4698:
3995:
3900:Lund, Allen, Fry, Masia; et al. (1993).
3851:The history of skiing and other winter sports
3524:
2842:
2454:
2414:
2219:"Chinese or Norwegian: the History of Skiing"
1015:1936: Winter Olympics included downhill race.
591:describes skiers and their climbing skins in
186:
180:
134:
120:
3926:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3908:. International Skiing History Association.
3588:"Grip and Glide: A Short History of Ski Wax"
3579:
3296:. Hanover: University Press of New England.
3044:] (in French). Perpignan: Ultima Necat.
2360:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2141:"Wiping the snow off Greenland's oldest ski"
1953:
1951:
437:
166:
160:
154:
110:
4009:
2765:
2455:Ystad, Andreas; Sakshaug, Ingevald (1973).
1581:Norwegians skiing with a single pole, 1870.
1114:1849: First public "ski tour" organized in
619:In winter, the mail is transported through
144:
4705:
4691:
4002:
3988:
3220:
3072:
2665:
2295:I Norge har lapperne først indført skierne
1282:,) and the exterior surfaces were made of
975:between Oxford and Cambridge Universities.
4031:Glossary of skiing and snowboarding terms
3943:
3611:
3342:"Eight Classics: These Skis made history"
2855:
2364:
2351:
2083:
2081:
2079:
1957:
1948:
1206:
1194:undergoes a revival possibly inspired by
968:created modern slalom competitive skiing.
328:; however, this continues to be debated.
4576:
3893:International Skiing History Association
3867:
3832:For the Love of Skiing: A Visual History
3775:
3592:International Skiing History Association
3567:. Active Interest Media, Inc. p. 14
3558:
3458:International Skiing History Association
3454:"A Short, Colorful History of Ski Boots"
3432:International Skiing History Association
3263:International Skiing History Association
3035:
3016:International Skiing History Association
2910:
2786:
2746:
2550:
2338:"Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus"
2263:
2261:
2259:
2198:International Skiing History Association
2036:International Skiing History Association
1393:
1346:
1097:
871:was dropped from the annual competition.
728:) and sometimes included "steep jumps" (
720:challenged each other on "wild slopes" (
698:
679:
667:
659:
557:valleys, this event inspired modern-day
505:
441:
272:
235:
202:are of the same Finno-Ugric origin. The
20:
3676:"Sports Tech:Self-adapting ski goggles"
2693:
2639:
2323:Milepeler og merkedager gjennom 4000 ar
2292:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2194:"Origin Story: Where did skiing begin?"
2032:"Origin Story: Where did skiing begin?"
2001:
1782:. Oslo: Det norske videnskaps-akademi.
1777:
1752:
1102:Women members of the Christiana (Oslo)
1006:1931: FIS international slalom contest.
595:in what is now Norway. The garrison in
4868:
3848:
3825:. Brattleboro, VT: Stephen Daye Press.
3820:
3716:
3552:
3489:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3204:Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus
3197:
2916:
2551:Neubauer, Ian Lloyd (25 August 2011).
2115:"Fant 1300 år gammel ski i Reinheimen"
2087:
2076:
2029:
1828:
1158:1923: Museum of skiing opens in Norway
774:Snow Shoe Club formed January 1861 in
638:Buenos Aires - Valparaiso railway line
293:or an ax with both hands, is found in
4712:
4686:
3983:
3829:
3754:
3735:
3625:
3623:
3539:
3529:. Vaage: Skienes Verden. p. 254.
3428:"Release! History of Safety Bindings"
2499:
2471:
2385:SKI Magazine's Encyclopedia of Skiing
2317:
1905:
1878:
1448:1934 saw limited production of solid
971:1922: First team ski race event at a
938:1906: A slalom race was held in Oslo.
856:1879: first recorded use of the word
762:region of Norway (possibly in 1862).
588:A Description of the Northern Peoples
3934:
3886:
3634:. ASTM STP. Philadelphia, PA: ASTM.
3470:
3388:
3339:
3316:
3042:66 Little Stories of Catalan Country
3038:66 petites histoires du Pays Catalan
2954:
2267:
2236:
1919:
1917:
1717:
1686:
565:, the use of ski-equipped troops in
3654:
3397:
3291:
3276:
3131:Colorado Ski & Snowboard Museum
2917:Hussey, Elisabeth (December 2005).
2898:. Melbourne. 6 July 1908. p. 8
2649:. bivouak.net. 2013. Archived from
1687:Sood, Suemedha (22 December 2010).
1031:1957: Doug Pfeiffer created modern
786:, which led to the founding of the
13:
3939:. London: Oxford University Press.
3889:"A Short History of Alpine Skiing"
3853:. Toronto; New York: Methuen Inc.
3710:
3620:
3108:. 20 February 2009. Archived from
2687:
2429:
2335:
1720:"A Short History of Alpine Skiing"
1300:FIS Alpine World Ski Championships
1185:Grossinger's Catskill Resort Hotel
944:1908: Sir Arnold Lunn founded the
918:1904: First ski race in Italy, at
14:
4887:
3963:
3585:
3451:
3425:
3256:
3150:
3009:
2940:"Skiing – University Prospects".
2138:
1914:
1822:
1597:hunter on asymmetrical skis, 1895
1430:
764:Trysil Skytte- og Skiløberforning
465:' (around CE 550) description of
4667:
4666:
4657:
4656:
3968:
3721:(in French). Le Bassat: Achard.
3360:"Skiing the wrong way since '95"
3124:"The Beginnings of Snowboarding"
2694:Bolitho, Andrea (January 2010).
2621:"History of the Nansen Ski Club"
2508:. Scarecrow Press. p. 172.
2419:. Brunswick: P.F. Fauche et Cie.
2270:Norske ski - til glede og besvær
1637:
1621:
1602:
1586:
1574:
1559:
891:introduced skiing in Montenegro.
684:Skiers with single poles in the
372:leather bindings emerged from a
258:
85:(to travel, move fast on skis),
3758:Historical Dictionary of Skiing
3667:
3648:
3605:
3533:
3518:
3483:
3464:
3445:
3419:
3382:
3352:
3333:
3310:
3214:
3191:
3173:
3144:
3116:
3094:
3066:
3029:
3003:
2973:
2933:
2882:
2864:
2858:Skiing: A way of life in Norway
2821:
2803:
2740:
2613:
2592:
2570:
2544:
2522:
2506:Historical Dictionary of Skiing
2493:
2465:
2448:
2423:
2415:de La Tocnaye, Jacques (1801).
2408:
2392:
2376:
2329:
2311:
2286:
2211:
2186:
2160:
2132:
2106:
2049:
2023:
2002:Krichko, Kade (19 April 2017).
1995:
1970:
1882:Historical Dictionary of Skiing
1647:soldier teaching skiing to the
1612:"Snow Shoe" (Skiing) Carnival,
1052:Paralympic cross-country skiing
894:November 1895: creation of the
822:, which was founded in 1872 by
780:Skiing established in Australia
406:(at a mountain plateau between
360:and dated to 3300 BCE, and the
53:and their related communities.
3559:Woodward, Bob (January 1985).
2799:(November). London: 1274–1276.
1899:
1796:
1771:
1746:
1711:
1680:
1628:Depiction of Samis skiing, by
1298:to win two gold medals at the
1018:1950: FIS officially included
495:'s 950 CE saga describes King
331:
1:
3471:Lert, Wolfgang (March 2002).
3340:Lund, Morten (January 1975).
3223:"Jaktredskap och jaktmetoder"
2792:
2502:"Onion Valley Snow Shoe Club"
2030:Larsen, Nils (12 June 2017).
1804:"Språknytt 40 år (1973–2013)"
1689:"Where did skiing come from?"
1673:
1093:
930:U.S. national ski association
882:William Adolf Baillie Grohman
833:1878: On the occasion of the
814:1872: The oldest ski club in
664:Sierra Longboard Racing, 1874
232:Early archaeological evidence
3680:Engineering & Technology
2985:International Ski Federation
2749:Skisportens oppkomst i Norge
2223:The Ultimate History Project
1718:Lund, Morten (Winter 1996).
1527:The invention of the modern
980:International Ski Federation
845:experimented with a pair at
93:(to stride on skis). Modern
56:
37:, or traveling over snow on
16:Skiing from 7000 BC to today
7:
3948:. Lewiston, NY: E. Mellen.
3944:Weinstock, John M. (2003).
3821:Dudley, Charles M. (1935).
3106:Skiing the back country.com
3036:Cárdenas, Fabricio (2014).
2944:. London. 17 December 1929.
2815:Svaz lyžařů České republiky
2782:. 1st volume. Munich. 1893.
1656:
1336:
1294:'s White Star, was used by
569:, is first recorded by the
417:
10:
4892:
3834:. Gibbs Smith, Publisher.
3755:Allen, E. John B. (2011).
3736:Allen, E. John B. (2007).
3294:The story of modern skiing
3221:Gustafsson, Peter (1971).
3153:"Chronology of Snowmaking"
2500:Allen, E. John B. (2012).
1879:Allen, E. John B. (2011).
1614:New South Wales, Australia
1552:
1522:
1488:
1434:
1387:
1343:Ski binding § History
1340:
1215:
1127:1901: First skiing in the
756:Inderøens Skiløberforening
262:
60:
4735:Australian rules football
4720:
4652:
4515:
4447:
4391:
4333:
4275:
4234:
4194:
4158:
4149:
4114:
4088:
4048:
4039:
4021:
3868:Huntford, Roland (2008).
2955:Lunn, Sir Arnold (1969).
2856:Bergsland, Einar (1952).
2530:"Snow Shoeing for a Belt"
2432:Skiing throughout history
2293:Birkely, Hartvig (1994).
1982:Steinkjer Kunnskapsportal
1829:Bleken, Brynjulv (1973).
1753:Caprona, Yann de (2014).
1284:phenol formaldehyde resin
1180:, was introduced in 1965.
648:. In 1902, the Norwegian
438:Travel and transportation
243:at the ski exhibition in
3849:Flower, Raymond (1976).
3784:(4): 467–79 + fig. 1–3.
3259:"Evolution of Ski Shape"
2747:Haarstad, Kjell (1993).
2673:"Chamrousse Ski History"
2090:Norge: skisportens vugge
1908:The Mesolithic in Europe
1755:Norsk etymologisk ordbok
1484:
1469:, introduced in 1974 by
1443:Argentoratensis Lapponiæ
1383:
1250:The seal hunters at the
1247:for long and short ski.
1235:. He associates them to
1048:is utilized in the sport
928:1905: foundation of the
655:
529:with Ravna and Balto in
3717:Achard, Michel (2011).
3490:Kuzmin, Leonid (2006).
3391:Skiing Heritage Journal
3232:(2): 78. Archived from
3012:"Ski Trains: A History"
2578:"Longboards at Mammoth"
2534:Daily National Democrat
1778:Grønvik, Ottar (2000).
1668:Kongsberg Skiing Museum
1663:Holmenkollen Ski Museum
1491:Ski pole § History
1390:Ski boot § History
1211:
1187:in New York state, USA.
1056:1976 Winter Paralympics
978:1924: formation of the
830:under a different name.
766:founded 20 May 1861 in
754:1861: First ski clubs:
279:White Sea rock carvings
228:for the verb "to ski".
224:
218:
212:
77:
4800:Professional wrestling
3823:60 Centuries of Skiing
3778:Technology and Culture
3616:. Leipzig: von Rother.
3612:Hergstrom, P. (1748).
3473:"A Binding Revolution"
3160:New England Ski Museum
3082:. London: Horace Cox.
1958:Weinstock, J. (2005).
1757:. Oslo: Kagge forlag.
1649:Imperial Japanese Army
1437:Ski wax § History
1400:
1352:
1207:Evolution of equipment
1107:
952:Kiandra Snow Shoe Club
835:Exposition Universelle
818:still existing is the
788:Kiandra Snow Shoe Club
708:
696:
677:
665:
626:
613:
534:
447:
282:
247:
187:
181:
167:
161:
155:
145:
135:
121:
111:
89:(to move swiftly) and
31:
4672:Category:Snowboarding
3977:at Wikimedia Commons
3935:Lunn, Arnold (1927).
3887:Lund, Morten (1996).
3185:Alpenglow Ski History
2675:. PisteHors.com. 2009
2092:. Oslo: Font forlag.
2088:Gotaas, Thor (2011).
2062:Store norske leksikon
1441:Johannes Scheffer in
1397:
1350:
1155:1910: First rope tow.
1101:
828:Berlin, New Hampshire
702:
683:
671:
663:
646:South Pole Expedition
617:
609:
509:
445:
276:
265:Rock carvings at Alta
239:
61:Further information:
29:
4730:Association football
4392:Technique / learning
4122:Cross-country skiing
4056:Cross-country skiing
3830:Engen, Alan (1998).
3692:10.1049/et.2016.1227
3477:Ski Heritage Journal
3415:on 6 September 2015.
2811:"Historie lyžařství"
2751:. Trondheim: Tapir.
2580:. Mic Mac Publishing
2268:Saur, Lasse (1999).
1413:cross-country skiing
1368:The introduction of
1087:2014 Winter Olympics
1080:2002 Winter Olympics
1074:1992 Winter Olympics
1040:1960: Cable network
1026:1952 Winter Olympics
1022:in its alpine events
905:1897: The Norwegian
797:competition held at
692:in 1898. Among them
216:and skis are called
4159:Olympic disciplines
3937:A History of Skiing
3761:. Scarecrow Press.
3525:Oberleutnant Hals.
2706:on 16 December 2013
2696:"Top Secret Slopes"
2653:on 11 December 2013
2627:on 4 September 2011
1833:. Oslo: Aschehoug.
1730:(1). Archived from
1137:Pyrénées-Orientales
1009:1932: start of the
957:1922: start of the
793:1862: First public
547:Haakon IV of Norway
493:Egil Skallagrimsson
424:Western Han Dynasty
4490:List of ski brands
4262:Ski mountaineering
4217:Para-alpine skiing
4127:Backcountry skiing
3506:on 8 February 2006
3321:. US Patent Office
3317:Bjertaes, Gunnar.
3292:Fry, John (2006).
2991:on 4 December 2012
2957:The Kandahar Story
2878:. 2020. p. 4.
2860:. Oslo: Aschehoug.
2434:. Oslo: Samlaget.
2372:. Oslo: Aschehoug.
2146:Independent Online
2009:The New York Times
1699:on 13 January 2015
1401:
1353:
1329:was introduced by
1218:Ski § History
1108:
896:Ski Club des Alpes
709:
697:
678:
666:
535:
525:, Dietrichson and
453:describes the god
448:
315:White Sea carvings
283:
248:
210:word for "ski" is
32:
4876:History of skiing
4863:
4862:
4725:American football
4714:History of sports
4680:
4679:
4648:
4647:
4230:
4229:
4195:Other disciplines
4145:
4144:
4026:History of skiing
3975:History of skiing
3973:Media related to
3955:978-0-77346-787-3
3879:978-1-44113-401-1
3872:. A&C Black.
3768:978-0-8108-6802-1
3747:978-1-55849-600-2
3728:978-2-95041-124-2
3641:978-0-8031-1197-4
3370:on 7 October 2013
3303:978-1-58465-489-6
3239:on 28 March 2016.
3051:978-2-36771-006-8
2758:978-8-25191-157-3
2515:978-0-81087-977-5
2430:Bø, Olav (1993).
2304:978-82-7601-011-4
2099:978-8-28169-091-2
1764:978-8-24891-054-1
1167:Sun Valley, Idaho
1165:is introduced at
1131:on January 29 at
1011:Birkebeinerrennet
991:Kandahar Ski Club
982:, also the first
644:used skis on his
630:Snowshoe Thompson
605:Leiden University
581:. Swedish writer
559:Birkebeinerrennet
543:Tønsberg Fortress
537:The saga of King
281:, before 2000 BCE
269:Onega petroglyphs
27:
4883:
4707:
4700:
4693:
4684:
4683:
4670:
4669:
4660:
4659:
4574:
4573:
4383:Snowboard racing
4305:Half-pipe skiing
4277:Freestyle skiing
4156:
4155:
4101:Ski orienteering
4046:
4045:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3981:
3980:
3972:
3959:
3940:
3931:
3925:
3917:
3902:"Skiing History"
3896:
3883:
3864:
3845:
3826:
3817:
3772:
3751:
3732:
3704:
3703:
3671:
3665:
3664:
3663:
3659:
3652:
3646:
3645:
3627:
3618:
3617:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3583:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3572:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3522:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3505:
3498:
3487:
3481:
3480:
3468:
3462:
3461:
3449:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3411:. Archived from
3401:
3395:
3394:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3366:. Archived from
3356:
3350:
3349:
3337:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3326:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3289:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3254:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3227:
3218:
3212:
3211:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3157:
3148:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3128:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3112:on 4 March 2016.
3098:
3092:
3091:
3074:Richardson, E.C.
3070:
3064:
3063:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2987:. Archived from
2977:
2971:
2970:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2937:
2931:
2930:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2853:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2777:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2702:. Archived from
2691:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2623:. Archived from
2617:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2396:
2390:
2389:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2366:Bergsland, Einar
2362:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2315:
2309:
2308:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2265:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2085:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2016:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1955:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1921:
1912:
1911:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1876:
1845:
1844:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1734:on 31 March 2012
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1695:. Archived from
1684:
1641:
1625:
1606:
1590:
1578:
1568:Böksta Runestone
1563:
1516:freestyle skiing
1399:lateral control.
1200:Come Ski With Me
1161:1936: The first
1070:freestyle skiing
1054:included at the
1033:freestyle skiing
907:Starkad Ski Club
740:was first known
686:Italian Piedmont
672:Studio image of
575:Saxo Grammaticus
539:Sverre of Norway
457:and the goddess
408:Lesjaskogsvatnet
227:
221:
215:
190:
185:and "skiing" is
184:
170:
164:
158:
148:
138:
124:
114:
80:
28:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4866:
4865:
4864:
4859:
4716:
4711:
4681:
4676:
4662:Category:Skiing
4644:
4572:
4511:
4443:
4387:
4378:Snowboard cross
4329:
4271:
4267:Telemark skiing
4226:
4190:
4141:
4110:
4084:
4080:Nordic combined
4035:
4017:
4008:
3966:
3956:
3919:
3918:
3880:
3861:
3842:
3790:10.2307/3102114
3769:
3748:
3729:
3713:
3711:Further reading
3708:
3707:
3672:
3668:
3661:
3653:
3649:
3642:
3628:
3621:
3610:
3606:
3596:
3594:
3584:
3580:
3570:
3568:
3557:
3553:
3542:Skiing Heritage
3538:
3534:
3523:
3519:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3496:
3488:
3484:
3469:
3465:
3450:
3446:
3436:
3434:
3424:
3420:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3387:
3383:
3373:
3371:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3338:
3334:
3324:
3322:
3315:
3311:
3304:
3290:
3277:
3267:
3265:
3255:
3244:
3236:
3225:
3219:
3215:
3196:
3192:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3164:
3162:
3155:
3149:
3145:
3135:
3133:
3126:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3100:
3099:
3095:
3071:
3067:
3052:
3034:
3030:
3020:
3018:
3008:
3004:
2994:
2992:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2967:
2953:
2949:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2923:Skiing Heritage
2915:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2854:
2843:
2833:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2791:
2787:
2780:Der Schneeschuh
2775:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2759:
2745:
2741:
2731:
2729:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2709:
2707:
2692:
2688:
2678:
2676:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2656:
2654:
2647:"Henri Duhamel"
2645:
2644:
2640:
2630:
2628:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2583:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2561:
2559:
2549:
2545:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2516:
2498:
2494:
2487:
2470:
2466:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2428:
2424:
2413:
2409:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2363:
2352:
2342:
2340:
2336:Magnus, Olaus.
2334:
2330:
2316:
2312:
2305:
2291:
2287:
2280:
2266:
2237:
2227:
2225:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2202:
2200:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2177:
2175:
2165:
2161:
2151:
2149:
2137:
2133:
2123:
2121:
2111:
2107:
2100:
2086:
2077:
2067:
2065:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2040:
2038:
2028:
2024:
2014:
2012:
2000:
1996:
1986:
1984:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1964:Northern Review
1956:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1922:
1915:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1877:
1848:
1841:
1827:
1823:
1813:
1811:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1790:
1776:
1772:
1765:
1751:
1747:
1737:
1735:
1724:Skiing Heritage
1716:
1712:
1702:
1700:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1659:
1652:
1642:
1633:
1626:
1617:
1607:
1598:
1591:
1582:
1579:
1570:
1564:
1555:
1525:
1493:
1487:
1439:
1433:
1403:Ski boots were
1392:
1386:
1351:Old ski binding
1345:
1339:
1321:introduced the
1270:introduced the
1252:Gulf of Bothnia
1220:
1214:
1209:
1192:Telemark skiing
1096:
984:Winter Olympics
946:Alpine Ski Club
820:Nansen Ski Club
758:founded in the
703:Ski jumping in
674:Fridtjov Nansen
658:
634:Fridtjof Nansen
511:Fridtjof Nansen
497:Haakon the Good
489:Paulus Diaconus
451:Norse mythology
440:
428:Altai Mountains
420:
354:Kalvträskskidan
342:Jämtland County
334:
271:
261:
241:Kalvträskskidan
234:
222:. The Sami use
159:(as above also
91:skríða á skíðum
71:comes from the
65:
59:
21:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4889:
4879:
4878:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4775:Figure skating
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4721:
4718:
4717:
4710:
4709:
4702:
4695:
4687:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4674:
4664:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4631:
4630:
4625:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4599:
4598:
4588:
4586:Aerial tramway
4582:
4580:
4571:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4539:
4538:
4528:
4522:
4520:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4493:
4492:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4395:
4393:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4339:
4337:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4281:
4279:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4238:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4202:Extreme skiing
4198:
4196:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4162:
4160:
4153:
4147:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4092:
4090:
4086:
4085:
4083:
4082:
4077:
4076:
4075:
4065:
4064:
4063:
4052:
4050:
4043:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4033:
4028:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4007:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3984:
3965:
3964:External links
3962:
3961:
3960:
3954:
3941:
3932:
3906:Skiing History
3897:
3884:
3878:
3865:
3859:
3846:
3840:
3827:
3818:
3773:
3767:
3752:
3746:
3733:
3727:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3666:
3647:
3640:
3619:
3604:
3578:
3551:
3532:
3517:
3482:
3463:
3444:
3418:
3396:
3381:
3351:
3332:
3309:
3302:
3275:
3242:
3213:
3190:
3172:
3143:
3115:
3093:
3065:
3050:
3028:
3002:
2972:
2965:
2947:
2932:
2909:
2881:
2863:
2841:
2820:
2802:
2785:
2764:
2757:
2739:
2717:
2686:
2664:
2638:
2612:
2591:
2569:
2543:
2521:
2514:
2492:
2485:
2477:Skienes verden
2464:
2447:
2440:
2422:
2407:
2391:
2375:
2350:
2328:
2310:
2303:
2285:
2278:
2235:
2210:
2185:
2159:
2131:
2105:
2098:
2075:
2048:
2022:
1994:
1969:
1947:
1913:
1898:
1892:978-0810879775
1891:
1846:
1839:
1821:
1810:(in Norwegian)
1795:
1788:
1770:
1763:
1745:
1710:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1643:
1636:
1634:
1627:
1620:
1618:
1608:
1601:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1573:
1571:
1565:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1524:
1521:
1489:Main article:
1486:
1483:
1435:Main article:
1432:
1431:Glide and grip
1429:
1388:Main article:
1385:
1382:
1341:Main article:
1338:
1335:
1245:lyly and kalhu
1216:Main article:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1188:
1181:
1169:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1144:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1112:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1083:
1077:
1062:
1059:
1049:
1046:instant-replay
1038:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1016:
1013:
1007:
1004:
1001:
987:
976:
969:
962:
955:
948:
942:
939:
936:
933:
926:
923:
916:
914:Olaus Jeldness
910:
903:
892:
885:
878:
872:
861:
854:
831:
826:immigrants of
812:
805:
802:
791:
752:
745:
657:
654:
642:Roald Amundsen
561:ski marathon.
551:Gudbrandsdalen
439:
436:
419:
416:
367:ski, found in
356:ski, found in
333:
330:
324:region by the
260:
257:
233:
230:
58:
55:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4888:
4877:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4815:Rowing sports
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4805:Rock climbing
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4722:
4719:
4715:
4708:
4703:
4701:
4696:
4694:
4689:
4688:
4685:
4673:
4665:
4663:
4655:
4654:
4651:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4597:
4594:
4593:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4579:
4575:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4558:Snow grooming
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4537:
4534:
4533:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4526:Dry ski slope
4524:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4514:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4491:
4488:
4487:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4434:Ski simulator
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4424:Stem christie
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4409:Parallel turn
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4390:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4336:
4332:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4285:Aerial skiing
4283:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4274:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4247:Indoor skiing
4245:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4233:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4151:Alpine skiing
4148:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4132:Roller skiing
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4087:
4081:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4066:
4062:
4059:
4058:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4041:Nordic skiing
4038:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4005:
4000:
3998:
3993:
3991:
3986:
3985:
3982:
3978:
3976:
3971:
3957:
3951:
3947:
3942:
3938:
3933:
3929:
3923:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3885:
3881:
3875:
3871:
3866:
3862:
3860:0-458-92780-5
3856:
3852:
3847:
3843:
3837:
3833:
3828:
3824:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3774:
3770:
3764:
3760:
3759:
3753:
3749:
3743:
3739:
3734:
3730:
3724:
3720:
3715:
3714:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3686:(12): 84–85.
3685:
3681:
3677:
3670:
3657:
3651:
3643:
3637:
3633:
3626:
3624:
3615:
3608:
3593:
3589:
3586:Masia, Seth.
3582:
3566:
3562:
3555:
3547:
3543:
3536:
3528:
3527:Om Skismøring
3521:
3502:
3495:
3494:
3486:
3478:
3474:
3467:
3459:
3455:
3452:Masia, Seth.
3448:
3433:
3429:
3426:Masia, Seth.
3422:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3400:
3392:
3385:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3355:
3347:
3343:
3336:
3320:
3313:
3305:
3299:
3295:
3288:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3264:
3260:
3257:Masia, Seth.
3253:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3235:
3231:
3224:
3217:
3210:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3199:Magnus, Olaus
3194:
3186:
3182:
3176:
3161:
3154:
3151:Leich, Jeff.
3147:
3132:
3125:
3119:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3097:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3080:
3075:
3069:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3032:
3017:
3013:
3010:Masia, Seth.
3006:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2976:
2968:
2966:0-04-796033-7
2962:
2958:
2951:
2943:
2936:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2913:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2885:
2877:
2873:
2867:
2859:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2830:
2824:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2798:
2797:
2789:
2781:
2774:
2768:
2760:
2754:
2750:
2743:
2727:
2721:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2690:
2674:
2668:
2652:
2648:
2642:
2626:
2622:
2616:
2601:
2595:
2579:
2573:
2558:
2554:
2547:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2517:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2496:
2488:
2486:9788270061686
2482:
2478:
2474:
2468:
2460:
2459:
2451:
2443:
2437:
2433:
2426:
2418:
2411:
2403:
2402:
2395:
2387:
2386:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2339:
2332:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2306:
2300:
2296:
2289:
2281:
2275:
2271:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2224:
2220:
2214:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2174:
2170:
2163:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2135:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2101:
2095:
2091:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2052:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2011:
2010:
2005:
1998:
1983:
1979:
1973:
1966:(25/26): 180.
1965:
1961:
1954:
1952:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1918:
1909:
1902:
1894:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1842:
1836:
1832:
1825:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1791:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1760:
1756:
1749:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1714:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1683:
1679:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1635:
1631:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1589:
1584:
1577:
1572:
1569:
1562:
1557:
1556:
1550:
1546:
1544:
1543:polycarbonate
1540:
1535:
1530:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1512:Cross country
1507:
1505:
1500:
1498:
1492:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1475:fluorocarbons
1472:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1444:
1438:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1420:cable binding
1416:
1414:
1410:
1409:alpine skiing
1406:
1396:
1391:
1381:
1379:
1374:
1371:
1366:
1363:
1357:
1349:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1305:In 1975, the
1303:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1272:Head Standard
1269:
1264:
1262:
1256:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1219:
1201:
1198:and his book
1197:
1196:Stein Eriksen
1193:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:added to the
1071:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
985:
981:
977:
974:
970:
967:
963:
960:
956:
953:
949:
947:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
927:
924:
921:
917:
915:
911:
908:
904:
901:
897:
893:
890:
889:Henrik Angell
886:
883:
879:
877:
873:
870:
866:
862:
859:
855:
852:
848:
844:
843:Henry Duhamel
840:
836:
832:
829:
825:
821:
817:
816:North America
813:
810:
806:
803:
800:
796:
792:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
750:
746:
743:
739:
735:
734:
733:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
706:
701:
695:
691:
687:
682:
675:
670:
662:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
625:
622:
616:
612:
608:
606:
601:
598:
594:
590:
589:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
481:
476:
472:
471:skrithiphinoi
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
444:
435:
433:
429:
425:
415:
413:
409:
405:
400:
398:
393:
388:
384:
379:
375:
370:
366:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
340:in Hoting in
339:
329:
327:
323:
318:
316:
313:. One of the
312:
308:
304:
300:
299:Rock drawings
296:
292:
288:
280:
275:
270:
266:
259:Rock carvings
256:
254:
246:
242:
238:
229:
226:
220:
214:
209:
205:
201:
197:
194:
189:
183:
178:
174:
169:
163:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
83:fara á skíðum
79:
74:
70:
64:
54:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
19:
4829:
4820:Rugby league
4795:Martial arts
4770:Field hockey
4640:Surface lift
4618:Gondola lift
4439:Skate skiing
4335:Snowboarding
4252:Night skiing
4235:Other skiing
4222:Speed skiing
4207:Glade skiing
4171:Giant slalom
4115:Recreational
4096:Ski marathon
4025:
4015:snowboarding
3967:
3945:
3936:
3922:cite journal
3905:
3892:
3869:
3850:
3831:
3822:
3781:
3777:
3757:
3737:
3718:
3683:
3679:
3669:
3656:CN206080839U
3650:
3631:
3613:
3607:
3595:. Retrieved
3591:
3581:
3569:. Retrieved
3564:
3554:
3545:
3541:
3535:
3526:
3520:
3508:. Retrieved
3501:the original
3492:
3485:
3476:
3466:
3457:
3447:
3435:. Retrieved
3431:
3421:
3413:the original
3408:
3399:
3390:
3384:
3372:. Retrieved
3368:the original
3363:
3354:
3345:
3335:
3323:. Retrieved
3312:
3293:
3266:. Retrieved
3262:
3234:the original
3230:Västerbotten
3229:
3216:
3208:
3202:
3193:
3184:
3175:
3163:. Retrieved
3159:
3146:
3134:. Retrieved
3130:
3118:
3110:the original
3105:
3096:
3078:
3068:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3021:25 September
3019:. Retrieved
3015:
3005:
2993:. Retrieved
2989:the original
2984:
2975:
2956:
2950:
2941:
2935:
2926:
2922:
2912:
2900:. Retrieved
2893:
2884:
2875:
2866:
2857:
2832:. Retrieved
2829:"About USSA"
2823:
2814:
2805:
2794:
2788:
2779:
2767:
2748:
2742:
2732:25 September
2730:. Retrieved
2720:
2708:. Retrieved
2704:the original
2700:France Today
2699:
2689:
2677:. Retrieved
2667:
2655:. Retrieved
2651:the original
2641:
2629:. Retrieved
2625:the original
2615:
2603:. Retrieved
2594:
2584:25 September
2582:. Retrieved
2572:
2560:. Retrieved
2556:
2546:
2537:
2533:
2524:
2505:
2495:
2476:
2473:Vaage, Jakob
2467:
2457:
2450:
2441:825-2-138853
2431:
2425:
2416:
2410:
2400:
2394:
2384:
2378:
2369:
2343:25 September
2341:. Retrieved
2331:
2322:
2319:Vaage, Jakob
2313:
2294:
2288:
2269:
2226:. Retrieved
2222:
2213:
2201:. Retrieved
2197:
2188:
2176:. Retrieved
2172:
2162:
2152:25 September
2150:. Retrieved
2144:
2139:Olsen, Jan.
2134:
2122:. Retrieved
2118:
2108:
2089:
2066:. Retrieved
2060:
2051:
2039:. Retrieved
2035:
2025:
2013:. Retrieved
2007:
1997:
1987:25 September
1985:. Retrieved
1981:
1978:"Bølamannen"
1972:
1963:
1938:. Retrieved
1933:
1929:
1907:
1901:
1881:
1830:
1824:
1812:. Retrieved
1807:
1798:
1779:
1773:
1754:
1748:
1736:. Retrieved
1732:the original
1727:
1723:
1713:
1701:. Retrieved
1697:the original
1692:
1682:
1547:
1526:
1508:
1504:World War II
1501:
1494:
1463:Peter Østbye
1447:
1442:
1440:
1425:
1417:
1402:
1378:Hjalmar Hvam
1375:
1367:
1358:
1354:
1327:Twin-tip ski
1304:
1296:Karl Schranz
1265:
1257:
1249:
1244:
1233:Olaus Magnus
1221:
1199:
1147:
1066:Mogul skiing
1020:Giant Slalom
973:Varsity Trip
920:Bardonecchia
895:
772:Onion Valley
763:
755:
729:
725:
721:
713:
710:
627:
618:
614:
610:
602:
586:
583:Olaus Magnus
536:
501:Gulating law
487:for skiing.
484:
478:
474:
470:
449:
421:
401:
396:
335:
326:Tuvan people
319:
284:
249:
199:
195:
102:
90:
86:
82:
68:
66:
33:
18:
4825:Rugby union
4740:Auto racing
4635:Hybrid lift
4399:Carved turn
4348:Backcountry
4257:Ski archery
4106:Ski touring
4068:Ski jumping
4049:Competitive
3325:15 November
3268:15 November
3165:12 November
3136:12 November
3079:Ski-running
2995:12 November
2876:Valsusainfo
2834:12 November
2817:(in Czech).
2562:27 December
1467:surfactants
1307:torsion box
1268:Howard Head
1237:Sami people
1148:Ski-running
1133:La Llagonne
999:Switzerland
966:Arnold Lunn
869:ski jumping
795:ski jumping
730:sprøytehopp
722:ville låmir
694:Adolfo Kind
690:Val Pellice
593:Scricfinnia
563:Ski warfare
523:Kristiansen
467:Sami people
332:Ski samples
51:ski resorts
47:Scandinavia
4850:Water polo
4750:Basketball
4596:detachable
4563:Snowmaking
4553:Ski tunnel
4429:Ski school
4419:Snowplough
4414:Pivot turn
4373:Slopestyle
4358:Freeriding
4325:Slopestyle
4315:Ski ballet
4300:Freeskiing
4295:Freeriding
4212:Heliskiing
4073:Ski flying
4061:Paralympic
3841:0879058676
3597:11 October
3571:16 January
3565:Backpacker
3510:20 October
3437:13 October
3409:Rottefella
3405:"About Us"
3374:20 October
3088:1157212706
2981:"Timeline"
2710:20 January
2679:20 January
2657:20 January
2631:9 December
2605:9 December
2279:8279380426
2178:15 October
2124:11 October
1910:: 392–395.
1840:8203053025
1808:Språkrådet
1789:8290888325
1674:References
1630:John Bauer
1616:, in 1900.
1529:ski goggle
1471:Hertel Wax
1362:Rottefella
1311:Rottefella
1288:fibreglass
1239:and gives
1229:ski waxing
1163:chair lift
1106:, ca. 1890
1094:Recreation
993:formed in
959:Vasaloppet
950:1908: The
847:Chamrousse
776:California
742:ski jumper
607:included:
573:historian
555:Østerdalen
533:clothing.
521:, Nansen,
475:skridfinns
404:Reinheimen
378:Reinheimen
263:See also:
168:Ski fahren
162:Ski laufen
156:schilaufen
131:Portuguese
4855:Wrestling
4603:Funicular
4591:Chairlift
4578:Ski lifts
4536:Superpipe
4531:Half-pipe
4519:amenities
4497:Snowboard
4448:Equipment
4404:Jump turn
4368:Half-pipe
4363:Freestyle
4320:Ski cross
4137:Skijoring
4089:Endurance
3914:1082-2895
3814:112924273
3798:0040-165X
3700:1750-9637
3364:Line Skis
3060:893847466
2942:The Times
2902:1 January
2895:The Argus
2796:The Field
1814:29 August
1738:2 October
1632:ca. 1905.
1497:ski poles
1376:In 1937,
1370:ski lifts
1333:in 1995.
1266:In 1950,
1174:snowboard
1118:, Norway.
1116:Trondheim
876:Kitzbühel
865:Trondheim
824:Norwegian
811:, Norway.
809:Trondheim
760:Trøndelag
726:kneikelåm
705:Trondheim
621:Filefjell
597:Trondheim
463:Procopius
432:Procopius
387:Greenland
303:White Sea
208:Lule Sami
200:suusatama
95:Norwegian
73:Old Norse
67:The word
57:Etymology
4870:Category
4840:Swimming
4790:Lacrosse
4745:Baseball
4628:tricable
4548:Ski area
4455:Bindings
4242:Biathlon
4186:Combined
4181:Downhill
3479:: 25–26.
3201:(1555).
3076:(1904).
2475:(1979).
2368:(1946).
2321:(1955).
2297:. Idut.
2119:NRK News
1657:See also
1651:in 1911.
1645:Austrian
1452:skis in
1450:aluminum
1337:Bindings
1323:Elan SCX
1129:Pyrénées
1104:ski club
900:Grenoble
738:Olaf Rye
718:Telemark
585:'s 1555
519:Sverdrup
418:Writings
392:Ob river
365:Nordland
322:Xinjiang
277:Skiers,
193:Estonian
4835:Surfing
4785:Hurling
4765:Fencing
4760:Cycling
4755:Cricket
4623:bicable
4613:Funitel
4608:Funifor
4470:Monoski
4353:Big air
4290:Big air
4176:Super-G
3806:3102114
3187:. 2003.
2929:(4): 9.
2228:1 March
2203:1 March
1703:4 March
1610:Kiandra
1553:Gallery
1523:Goggles
1405:leather
1315:Madshus
1292:Kneissl
1280:Austria
1276:plywood
1261:sidecut
1190:1970s:
1178:snurfer
849:in the
784:Kiandra
688:, near
579:cavalry
485:čuoigat
383:Oppland
376:in the
374:glacier
225:cuoigat
188:hiihtää
177:Finnish
141:Italian
127:Spanish
122:esquiar
107:English
99:Swedish
43:Karelia
4845:Tennis
4830:Skiing
4517:Resort
4465:Helmet
4343:Alpine
4166:Slalom
4011:Skiing
3952:
3912:
3876:
3857:
3838:
3812:
3804:
3796:
3765:
3744:
3725:
3698:
3662:
3638:
3300:
3086:
3058:
3048:
2963:
2755:
2512:
2483:
2438:
2370:På ski
2301:
2276:
2096:
2068:25 May
1940:8 July
1889:
1837:
1786:
1761:
1593:Asian
1473:, and
1458:Nordic
1454:France
1313:, and
1176:, the
1141:France
1064:1992:
995:Mürren
989:1924:
964:1922:
887:1893:
880:1893:
858:slalom
799:Trysil
768:Trysil
749:Tromsø
736:1809:
714:slalåm
650:consul
571:Danish
369:Norway
358:Sweden
346:Sweden
307:Russia
295:Norway
253:Moscow
219:sabega
191:. The
173:German
136:sciare
117:French
103:to ski
35:Skiing
4810:Rodeo
4568:Trail
4543:Piste
4480:Skins
4475:Poles
4460:Boots
4310:Mogul
3810:S2CID
3802:JSTOR
3504:(PDF)
3497:(PDF)
3393:: 26.
3237:(PDF)
3226:(PDF)
3156:(PDF)
3127:(PDF)
3040:[
2776:(PDF)
2057:"Ski"
2041:9 May
2015:9 May
1595:Nanai
1539:CR-39
1485:Poles
1384:Boots
1290:ski,
867:when
839:Paris
656:Sport
527:Balto
515:Ravna
459:Skaði
412:Skjåk
397:andor
362:Vefsn
350:Salla
213:sabek
196:suusk
182:suksi
171:) in
153:, or
151:Dutch
146:skiën
112:skier
87:renna
75:word
4780:Golf
4502:Suit
4485:Skis
4013:and
3950:ISBN
3928:link
3910:ISSN
3874:ISBN
3855:ISBN
3836:ISBN
3794:ISSN
3763:ISBN
3742:ISBN
3723:ISBN
3696:ISSN
3636:ISBN
3599:2014
3573:2016
3548:(3).
3512:2012
3439:2014
3376:2013
3327:2012
3298:ISBN
3270:2012
3167:2012
3138:2012
3084:OCLC
3056:OCLC
3046:ISBN
3023:2012
2997:2012
2961:ISBN
2904:2016
2836:2012
2753:ISBN
2734:2012
2712:2013
2681:2013
2659:2013
2633:2011
2607:2011
2586:2012
2564:2015
2557:TIME
2510:ISBN
2481:ISBN
2436:ISBN
2345:2012
2299:ISBN
2274:ISBN
2230:2023
2205:2023
2180:2021
2154:2012
2126:2014
2094:ISBN
2070:2013
2043:2020
2017:2020
1989:2012
1942:2018
1887:ISBN
1835:ISBN
1816:2018
1784:ISBN
1759:ISBN
1740:2012
1705:2017
1534:ASTM
1514:and
1479:Swix
1411:and
1331:Line
1319:Elan
1241:Sami
1225:skin
1212:Skis
1068:and
851:Alps
707:1907
553:and
531:Sami
480:Finn
473:(or
455:Ullr
410:and
291:pole
267:and
245:Umeå
204:Sami
198:and
129:and
97:and
78:skíð
39:skis
4507:Wax
3786:doi
3688:doi
3346:Ski
2173:NRK
1936:(1)
1693:BBC
1541:or
1042:CBS
898:in
837:in
782:at
567:war
469:as
344:in
338:bog
311:BCE
305:in
287:BCE
165:or
149:in
139:in
125:in
115:in
105:in
69:ski
63:Ski
4872::
3924:}}
3920:{{
3904:.
3891:.
3808:.
3800:.
3792:.
3780:.
3694:.
3684:10
3682:.
3678:.
3622:^
3590:.
3563:.
3546:15
3544:.
3475:.
3456:.
3430:.
3407:.
3362:.
3344:.
3278:^
3261:.
3245:^
3228:.
3183:.
3158:.
3129:.
3104:.
3054:.
3014:.
2983:.
2927:17
2925:.
2921:.
2892:.
2874:.
2844:^
2813:.
2778:.
2698:.
2555:.
2536:.
2532:.
2504:.
2353:^
2238:^
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