2715:
38:
344:(based on large scale surveys in which 56% of the samples were assumed to be non-indigenous.). According to Mark Lipson et al.(2014), from MIT – Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States Of America, from his jurnal: "New statistical genetic methods for elucidating the history and evolution of human populations”,
2505:
Nagle, N.; Ballantyne, K. N.; Van Oven, M.; Tyler-Smith, C.; Xue, Y.; Taylor, D.; Wilcox, S.; Wilcox, L.; Turkalov, R.; Van
Oorschot, R. A.; McAllister, P.; Williams, L.; Kayser, M.; Mitchell, R. J.; Genographic, Consortium (2016). "Antiquity and diversity of aboriginal Australian Y-chromosomes".
3374:
K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. See: Poznik
168:
K* is exceptionally rare and under-researched; while it has been reported at very low frequencies on many continents it is not always clear if the examples concerned have been screened for subclades. Confirmed examples of K-M9* now appear to be most common amongst some populations in
2275:
Trivedi, R.; Sahoo, Sanghamitra; Singh, Anamika; Bindu, G. Hima; Banerjee, Jheelam; Tandon, Manuj; Gaikwad, Sonali; Rajkumar, Revathi; Sitalaximi, T; Ashma, Richa; Chainy, G. B. N.; Kashyap, V. K. (2007).
1395:
Karafet, Tatiana M; Lansing, J S; Redd, Alan J; Reznikova, Svetlana; Watkins, Joseph C; Surata, S P K; Arthawiguna, W A; Mayer, Laura; Bamshad, Michael; Jorde, Lynn B; Hammer, Michael F (February 2005).
2277:
1873:
Hollard C, Keyser C, Giscard PH, et al. (September 2014). "Strong genetic admixture in the Altai at the Middle Bronze Age revealed by uniparental and ancestry informative markers".
2240:
Robino C, Varacalli S, Gino S, et al. (October 2004). "Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes in a population sample from continental Greece, and the islands of Crete and Chios".
2461:
Magoon, Gregory R; Banks, Raymond H; Rottensteiner, Christian; Schrack, Bonnie E; Tilroe, Vincent O; Robb, Terry; Grierson, Andrew J (2013). "Generation of high-resolution
3210:
119:, K-M9, and its descendant clades represent a geographically widespread and diverse haplogroup. The lineages have long been found among males on every continent except
258:(L298; a.k.a. K1) has never been found in basal form (LT*). Subclades are widely distributed at low concentrations. Haplogroup L is found at its highest frequency in
2818:
1399:"Balinese Y-chromosome perspective on the peopling of Indonesia: genetic contributions from pre-neolithic hunter-gatherers, Austronesian farmers, and Indian traders"
2808:
3237:
Van Oven M, Van
Geystelen A, Kayser M, Decorte R, Larmuseau HD (2014). "Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome".
2905:
2888:
2896:
3055:
3048:
3041:
2621:
As of 2017, S1a1a1 (P308) – formerly K2b1a1 – included an unnamed subclade, identified by the SNP P60 (and previously by P304, which has been removed by
1478:"Y-chromosome diversity is inversely associated with language affiliation in paired Austronesian- and Papuan-speaking communities from Solomon Islands"
1228:
3164:
3159:
2656:
2350:"Human Y chromosome haplogroup R-V88: a paternal genetic record of early mid Holocene trans-Saharan connections and the spread of Chadic languages"
1047:
Given the widespread distribution of K, it probably arose somewhere in the Middle East or
Central Asia, perhaps in the region of Iran or Pakistan.
538:; subclades of S1, such as S1a3 (P315) and S1a1a1 (P308), have also been reported at levels of up to 27% among indigenous Australians, while
2195:"Genetic structure in contemporary south Tyrolean isolated populations revealed by analysis of Y-chromosome, mtDNA, and Alu polymorphisms"
1330:"The Y-chromosome landscape of the Philippines: extensive heterogeneity and varying genetic affinities of Negrito and non-Negrito groups"
2541:
Lipson, Mark; Loh, Po-Ru; Patterson, Nick; Moorjani, Priya; Ko, Ying-Chin; Stoneking, Mark; Berger, Bonnie; Reich, David (2014).
2278:"High Resolution Phylogeographic Map of Y-Chromosomes Reveal the Genetic Signatures of Pleistocene Origin of Indian Populations"
3215:
1103:
1073:
1036:
2408:"Extended Y Chromosome Investigation Suggests Postglacial Migrations of Modern Humans into East Asia via the Northern Route"
1042:
1461:
704:
804:
found in
Eastern Europe, South Asia, Central Asia, and Scandinavia. Ancient samples include 10 out of 11 samples from
2699:
112:
3434:
3356:
Haplogroup K2b1 (P397/P399) is also known as
Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure.
142:
Y-DNA haplogroup K-M9 is an old lineage that arose approximately 47,000-50,000 years ago. According to geneticist
2689:
1712:"Improved phylogenetic resolution and rapid diversification of Y-chromosome haplogroup K-M526 in Southeast Asia"
2661:
198:(detected in paleolithic specimens Oase1 and Ust'-Ishim), the subclades of which include the major haplogroups
3402:
Haplogroup S, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1a. (Previously the name
Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4.)
2486:
2406:
Zhong, Hua; Shi, Hong; Qi, Xue-Bin; Duan, Zi-Yuan; Tan, Ping-Ping; Jin, Li; Su, Bing; Ma, Runlin Z. (2010).
2146:"Y-chromosomal diversity in Europe is clinal and influenced primarily by geography, rather than by language"
3411:
Haplogroup M, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1b. (Previously the name
Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d.)
1969:"Ancient migratory events in the Middle East: new clues from the Y-chromosome variation of modern Iranians"
2667:
1282:
755:
348:(M526) has also been found in Toba-Batak and Mandar in an estimated 14%. Only Toba Batak and Mandar have
1606:"A counter-clockwise northern route of the Y-chromosome haplogroup N from Southeast Asia towards Europe"
2087:"Introducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape"
1663:"New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree"
1233:"New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree"
1136:
2878:
539:
1910:"Demographic history of Canary Islands male gene-pool: replacement of native lineages by European"
3081:
1533:"Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences"
518:
3070:
3062:
2802:
362:
341:
195:
170:
116:
74:
3312:
F-Y27277, sometimes known as F2'4, is both the parent clade of F2 and F4 and a child of F-M89.
1063:
3132:
2978:
1093:
657:
165:
88:
2028:"Afghanistan's ethnic groups share a Y-chromosomal heritage structured by historical events"
3171:
3090:
3025:
2969:
2954:
2940:
2861:
2833:
2625:
as unreliable). S1a1a1 and any sublades have only been found among indigenous
Australians.
2554:
2466:
2098:
2039:
1980:
1921:
1829:
1772:
1174:
751:
700:
617:
575:
531:
464:
448:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
203:
199:
185:
181:
20:
2575:
1564:
578:(P256, Page93/S322) a.k.a. K2b1b (previously K2b1d) is the most common haplogroup in both
8:
2682:
2321:
Sanchez, J.J. (2004). "Y chromosome SNP haplogroups in Danes, Greenlanders and
Somalis".
1477:
860:
833:
805:
507:
209:
2728:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
2558:
2194:
2102:
2043:
1984:
1925:
1833:
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1178:
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3100:
2774:
2757:
2585:
2542:
2374:
2349:
2222:
2170:
2145:
2121:
2086:
2062:
2027:
2003:
1968:
1944:
1909:
1850:
1817:
1793:
1760:
1736:
1711:
1687:
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1351:
1329:
1257:
1232:
1205:
1192:
1162:
684:
579:
395:
3279:
2334:
1095:
Bound
Together: How Traders, Preachers, Adventurers, and Warriors Shaped Globalization
19:
This article is about the human Y-DNA haplogroup. For the human mtDNA haplogroup, see
3331:
3254:
3192:
3187:
3178:
3121:
3112:
3032:
3003:
2963:
2921:
2873:
2791:
2590:
2523:
2429:
2379:
2257:
2214:
2175:
2126:
2067:
2008:
1949:
1890:
1855:
1818:"The genome of a Late Pleistocene human from a Clovis burial site in western Montana"
1798:
1741:
1692:
1643:
1635:
1586:
1568:
1498:
1445:
1437:
1377:
1359:
1303:
1262:
1210:
1099:
1069:
1032:
542:(P405; previously K2b1a) has also been found at significant levels in other parts of
377:
299:
3266:
2253:
2226:
1661:
Karafet TM, Mendez FL, Meilerman MB, Underhill PA, Zegura SL, Hammer MF (May 2008).
3246:
3154:
2912:
2866:
2580:
2570:
2562:
2515:
2419:
2369:
2361:
2330:
2303:
2249:
2206:
2165:
2157:
2116:
2106:
2057:
2047:
1998:
1988:
1939:
1929:
1882:
1845:
1837:
1788:
1780:
1731:
1723:
1682:
1674:
1617:
1576:
1560:
1544:
1510:
1490:
1457:
1427:
1411:
1367:
1341:
1295:
1252:
1244:
1200:
1182:
583:
535:
458:
452:
2926:
2111:
2052:
1993:
1886:
1026:
880:
867:
of whom it is still common in as well as 13.3% (4):one P probably R1b2 (V88): of
829:
825:
813:
476:
2608:
3142:
2935:
2768:
2675:
1299:
872:
848:
801:
472:
295:
1761:"Upper Palaeolithic Siberian genome reveals dual ancestry of Native Americans"
1279:
3428:
3387:
3335:
3017:
3011:
2997:
2986:
2949:
2852:
2847:
2838:
2824:
2785:
1639:
1631:
1572:
1556:
1441:
1423:
1363:
1355:
821:
778:
440:
416:
349:
345:
337:
283:
279:
275:
267:
254:
143:
131:
127:
84:
2447:
2424:
2407:
1934:
1622:
1605:
1187:
781:
found in South Asia and parts of Central Asia, Caucasus and the Middle East
3258:
2697:
2594:
2527:
2433:
2383:
2261:
2218:
2179:
2130:
2071:
2012:
1953:
1894:
1859:
1802:
1745:
1696:
1647:
1590:
1502:
1449:
1381:
1307:
1266:
1214:
716:
420:
307:
271:
159:
64:
2365:
2210:
1727:
1415:
1346:
1231:, Mendez FL, Meilerman MB, Underhill PA, Zegura SL, Hammer MF (May 2008).
385:, Russia. (These remains were initially classified, erroneously, as K2*.)
2543:"Reconstructing Austronesian population history in Island Southeast Asia"
547:
382:
291:
151:
3294:
Haplogroup A0-T is also known as A-L1085 (and previously as A0'1'2'3'4).
1841:
1784:
1196:
1163:"Y chromosome diversity, human expansion, drift, and cultural evolution"
455:(and at lower frequencies in regions including East Asia, Central Asia,
37:
3250:
2566:
2519:
1678:
1494:
1248:
1161:
Chiaroni, J.; Underhill, P. A.; Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (December 2009).
984:
120:
3380:
3334:
was known as "Haplogroup K2". That name has since been re-assigned to
2307:
1432:
1398:
443:(M214; a.k.a. K2a2) – The two primary branches of NO include the major
3391:, 2017, "Details of the Y-SNP markers included in the minimal Y tree"
809:
595:
591:
587:
468:
287:
174:
56:
1710:
Karafet TM, Mendez FL, Sudoyo H, Lansing JS, Hammer MF (June 2014).
1548:
3347:
Haplogroup K2b (M1221/P331/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS.
2471:
2465:
Y-chromosome phylogenies using 'next-generation' sequencing data".
2161:
876:
868:
676:
263:
3236:
2504:
1028:
Deep Ancestry: The Landmark DNA Quest to Decipher Our Distant Past
864:
856:
852:
712:
680:
543:
147:
1816:
Rasmussen M, Anzick SL, Waters MR, et al. (February 2014).
2460:
2193:
Pichler I, Mueller JC, Stefanov SA, et al. (August 2006).
1967:
Grugni V, Battaglia V, Hooshiar Kashani B, et al. (2012).
1966:
1660:
1603:
1227:
1160:
817:
728:
724:
720:
672:
555:
424:
303:
2348:
Cruciani F, Trombetta B, Sellitto D, et al. (July 2010).
1464:
from the original on 31 January 2024 – via Project MUSE.
2622:
2144:
Rosser ZH, Zerjal T, Hurles ME, et al. (December 2000).
1759:
Raghavan M, Skoglund P, Graf KE, et al. (January 2014).
1327:
633:
551:
311:
259:
2628:
1394:
968:
951:
708:
629:
559:
155:
60:
3280:
International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG; 2015),
2540:
2026:
Haber M, Platt DE, Ashrafian Bonab M, et al. (2012).
1709:
1128:
16:
Human Y chromosome DNA grouping indicating common ancestry
3321:
Haplogroup LT (L298/P326) is also known as Haplogroup K1.
2634:
2347:
2300:
Complex Genetic History of East African Human Populations
2025:
534:(B254) which is numerically dominant in the highlands of
1475:
Cox, Murray P; Lahr, Marta MirazĂłn (25 December 2005).
2274:
2192:
1530:
1815:
467:, which is now numerically dominant among males from
2085:
Bekada A, Fregel R, Cabrera VM, et al. (2013).
1872:
1758:
1328:
Delfin, Frederick; et al. (29 September 2010).
2239:
2084:
2143:
1476:
1397:
1281:
859:of Pakistan, Armenian Highlands (Found in several
380:, dating from approximately 45,000 BP and found in
1908:Fregel R, Gomes V, GusmĂŁo L, et al. (2009).
1907:
3426:
546:. S2 (P336; previously K2b1b) has been found on
1531:Poznik, G. David; et al. (25 April 2016).
3393:(Access date of these pages: 9 December 2017)
2405:
1604:Rootsi, Siiri; et al. (1 February 2007).
983:K2e (M147). Highly rare lineage; two cases in
754:found only in remains from 24,000 years BP at
451:, which is found mainly in populations across
2683:
558:and; S3 (P378; previously K2b1c) found among
340:(M526) has been found in an estimated 27% of
130:(L298 = P326, also known as LT) and K-M9 are
1156:
1154:
1087:
1085:
3365:Haplogroup P (P295) is also klnown as K2b2.
3230:
2534:
1068:. Princeton University Press. p. 111.
1057:
1055:
1020:
1018:
632: (Philippines), 10% in
137:
2690:
2676:
2636:International Society of Genetic Genealogy
1133:International Society of Genetic Genealogy
883:belonging to R1b have not been verified.)
191:The descendants of haplogroup K2 include:
36:
3273:
2584:
2574:
2508:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
2470:
2423:
2373:
2169:
2120:
2110:
2061:
2051:
2002:
1992:
1943:
1933:
1849:
1792:
1735:
1686:
1621:
1580:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1431:
1371:
1345:
1256:
1204:
1186:
1151:
1082:
180:Primary descendants of haplogroup LT are
98:M9, P128/PF5504, P131/PF5493, P132/PF5480
3306:
3303:Haplogroup A1 is also known as A1'2'3'4.
2500:
2498:
2496:
1875:Forensic Science International: Genetics
1052:
1015:
270:of Afghanistan. T is most common among:
3368:
2320:
1474:
1340:(2). Nature Publishing Group: 224–230.
1045:from the original on 11 December 2023.
3427:
1597:
1517:
1280:Daine J., Rowold; et al. (2016).
1221:
1091:
628:P* (K2b2*) 28% of
2671:
2493:
2297:
1098:. Yale University Press. p. 15.
1065:The Journey of Man: A Genetic Odyssey
1061:
1024:
3350:
3288:
3216:Y-DNA haplogroups of historic people
3191:
3186:
3177:
3175:
3170:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3147:
3140:
3130:
3128:
3118:
3110:
3098:
3096:
3087:
3079:
3037:
3030:
3024:
3022:
3016:
3010:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2984:
2974:
2968:
2962:
2953:
2948:
2939:
2934:
2925:
2920:
2884:
2870:
2753:
2708:
1317:– via Elsevier Science Direct.
1139:from the original on 31 January 2024
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
376:K2a* - found only in the remains of
3341:
2858:
2798:
2781:
2487:"FamilyTreeDNA - Arab T Haplogroup"
1031:. National Geographic. p. 79.
1025:Wells, Spencer (20 November 2006).
352:(M526) from indigenous Sunda land
13:
3324:
3315:
3297:
2354:European Journal of Human Genetics
2150:American Journal of Human Genetics
1716:European Journal of Human Genetics
1610:European Journal of Human Genetics
1334:European Journal of Human Genetics
14:
3446:
3405:
3396:
3359:
3285:. (Access date: 1 February 2015.)
2650:
1513:– via Wiley Online Library.
1483:American Journal of Human Biology
1129:"Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2019-2020"
1112:
863:from Germany and in late antique
820:(R1a/Z93 mixed with Q1a2a1/L54),
113:human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup
2713:
1092:Chanda, Nayan (1 October 2008).
1062:Wells, Spencer (28 March 2017).
3338:, the sibling of Haplogroup LT.
2640:Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2019-2020
2615:
2609:"ISOGG 2018 Y-DNA Haplogroup S"
2601:
2479:
2454:
2440:
2412:Molecular Biology and Evolution
2399:
2390:
2341:
2314:
2291:
2268:
2254:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.02.026
2233:
2186:
2137:
2078:
2019:
1960:
1901:
1866:
1809:
1752:
1703:
1654:
1468:
851:West Europe, Chadic Languages,
2576:11858/00-001M-0000-0024-1F46-B
2448:"PhyloTree y - Minimal y tree"
2242:Forensic Science International
1565:11858/00-001M-0000-002A-F024-C
1388:
1321:
1273:
457:Southeast Asia, Anatolia, and
212:– the ancestor of haplogroups
184:(M20), also known as K1a, and
1:
2335:10.1016/S0531-5131(03)01635-2
2323:International Congress Series
1008:
967:K2d (P402). Minor lineage of
950:K2c (P261). Minor lineage of
2700:Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups
2112:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775
2053:10.1371/journal.pone.0034288
1994:10.1371/journal.pone.0041252
1887:10.1016/j.fsigen.2014.05.012
1167:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
590:, and neighbouring parts of
236:
111:is a genetic lineage within
7:
2750:
2698:Phylogenetic tree of human
2298:Hirbo, Jibril Boru (2011).
562:people of the Philippines.
415:– so far found only in one
188:(M184), also known as K1b.
10:
3451:
3282:Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015
3184:
3151:
3108:
3077:
3068:
3060:
3053:
3046:
3039:
2994:
2960:
2946:
2932:
2918:
2902:
2886:
2755:
1300:10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.044
707:and Siberia/Central Asia (
126:The direct descendants of
18:
3205:
2983:
2976:
2910:
2893:
2877:
2872:
2865:
2860:
2851:
2846:
2844:
2837:
2832:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2790:
2783:
2773:
2766:
2764:
2748:
2722:This article needs to be
2706:
981:
965:
948:
846:
799:
792:
776:
769:
749:
742:
698:
669:
662:
637:
622:
573:
529:
522:
512:
438:
409:
402:
374:
367:
335:
328:
251:
134:(formerly KxLT; K-M526).
94:
80:
70:
52:
44:
35:
30:
1914:BMC Evolutionary Biology
1283:"On the Bantu expansion"
150:clan, originated in the
138:Origins and distribution
53:Possible place of origin
3435:Human Y-DNA haplogroups
3330:Between 2002 and 2008,
1935:10.1186/1471-2148-9-181
1623:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201748
1188:10.1073/pnas.0910803106
818:Mongolian Altai Kurgans
729:Mongolian Altai Kurgans
45:Possible time of origin
2657:Spread of Haplogroup K
342:indigenous Australians
171:Island South East Asia
146:, haplogroup K or the
2547:Nature Communications
2425:10.1093/molbev/msq247
2366:10.1038/ejhg.2009.231
2211:10.1353/hub.2006.0057
1728:10.1038/ejhg.2014.106
1416:10.1353/hub.2005.0030
1347:10.1038/ejhg.2010.162
879:belonging to R1b, by
242:Haplogroup K-M9 tree
419:male and one ethnic
21:Haplogroup K (mtDNA)
3211:Y-DNA by population
3126:
2662:National Geographic
2559:2014NatCo...5.4689L
2103:2013PLoSO...856775B
2044:2012PLoSO...734288H
1985:2012PLoSO...741252G
1926:2009BMCEE...9..181F
1842:10.1038/nature13025
1834:2014Natur.506..225R
1785:10.1038/nature12736
1777:2014Natur.505...87R
1179:2009PNAS..10620174C
806:Xiaohe Tomb complex
671:P1* 22.2–35.4% in
3251:10.1002/humu.22468
2977:
2758:Y-chromosomal Adam
2567:10.1038/ncomms5689
2520:10.1002/ajpa.22886
2285:Anthropology Today
1679:10.1101/gr.7172008
1495:10.1002/ajhb.20459
1249:10.1101/gr.7172008
685:Andamanese_peoples
115:. A sublineage of
95:Defining mutations
3422:
3421:
3384:, 2017, "K-M2335"
3382:YFull YTree v5.08
3332:Haplogroup T-M184
3200:
3199:
3145:
3135:
3125:
3116:
3104:
3093:
3085:
3073:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3044:
2989:
2908:
2900:
2891:
2821:
2805:
2788:
2771:
2743:
2742:
1105:978-0-300-13490-2
1075:978-0-691-17601-7
1038:978-1-4262-0211-7
1005:
1004:
996:
995:
937:
936:
928:
927:
919:
918:
910:
909:
901:
900:
892:
891:
855:tribes of India,
822:The Tagar Culture
646:
645:
607:
606:
497:
496:
488:
487:
414:
399:
102:
101:
3442:
3412:
3409:
3403:
3400:
3394:
3372:
3366:
3363:
3357:
3354:
3348:
3345:
3339:
3328:
3322:
3319:
3313:
3310:
3304:
3301:
3295:
3292:
3286:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3234:
3141:
3131:
3119:
3111:
3099:
3089:
3080:
3069:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3040:
2985:
2904:
2895:
2887:
2817:
2801:
2784:
2767:
2751:
2738:
2735:
2729:
2717:
2716:
2709:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2669:
2668:
2644:
2632:
2626:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2588:
2578:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2502:
2491:
2490:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2427:
2403:
2397:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2377:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2282:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2173:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2124:
2114:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2065:
2055:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2006:
1996:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1947:
1937:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1853:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1796:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1739:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1690:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1625:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1584:
1528:
1515:
1514:
1480:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1435:
1401:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1375:
1349:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1285:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1260:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1208:
1190:
1158:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1135:. 11 July 2020.
1125:
1110:
1109:
1089:
1080:
1079:
1059:
1050:
1049:
1022:
834:Corded ware folk
795:
794:
772:
771:
745:
744:
705:Native Americans
665:
664:
640:
639:
625:
624:
586:; also found in
584:Papua New Guinea
536:Papua New Guinea
525:
524:
515:
514:
459:Southeast Europe
453:Northern Eurasia
412:
405:
404:
397:
370:
369:
365: (K-M2308)
331:
330:
247:
246:
40:
28:
27:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3406:
3401:
3397:
3373:
3369:
3364:
3360:
3355:
3351:
3346:
3342:
3329:
3325:
3320:
3316:
3311:
3307:
3302:
3298:
3293:
3289:
3278:
3274:
3235:
3231:
3226:
3220:
3201:
2744:
2739:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2718:
2714:
2702:
2696:
2653:
2648:
2647:
2633:
2629:
2620:
2616:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2539:
2535:
2503:
2494:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2459:
2455:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2404:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2346:
2342:
2319:
2315:
2296:
2292:
2280:
2273:
2269:
2238:
2234:
2191:
2187:
2142:
2138:
2083:
2079:
2024:
2020:
1965:
1961:
1906:
1902:
1871:
1867:
1828:(7487): 225–9.
1814:
1810:
1771:(7481): 87–91.
1757:
1753:
1708:
1704:
1667:Genome Research
1659:
1655:
1602:
1598:
1549:10.1038/ng.3559
1537:Nature Genetics
1529:
1518:
1473:
1469:
1393:
1389:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1278:
1274:
1226:
1222:
1173:(48): 20174–9.
1159:
1152:
1142:
1140:
1127:
1126:
1113:
1106:
1090:
1083:
1076:
1060:
1053:
1039:
1023:
1016:
1011:
1006:
997:
938:
929:
920:
911:
902:
893:
830:Tashtyk culture
826:Karasuk culture
647:
608:
498:
489:
477:Pacific Islands
462:
456:
446:
444:
381:
239:
140:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3448:
3438:
3437:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3404:
3395:
3367:
3358:
3349:
3340:
3323:
3314:
3305:
3296:
3287:
3272:
3239:Human Mutation
3228:
3227:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3213:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3176:
3174:
3169:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3139:
3137:
3129:
3127:
3117:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3097:
3095:
3086:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3067:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3036:
3029:
3023:
3021:
3015:
3009:
3007:
3001:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2982:
2975:
2973:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2909:
2901:
2892:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2822:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2789:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2772:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2754:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2721:
2719:
2712:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2695:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2652:
2651:External links
2649:
2646:
2645:
2627:
2614:
2600:
2533:
2514:(3): 367–381.
2492:
2478:
2472:10.1101/000802
2453:
2439:
2398:
2389:
2340:
2313:
2302:(PhD Thesis).
2290:
2267:
2232:
2185:
2162:10.1086/316890
2156:(6): 1526–43.
2136:
2077:
2018:
1959:
1900:
1865:
1808:
1751:
1722:(3): 369–373.
1702:
1653:
1616:(2): 204–211.
1596:
1543:(6): 593–599.
1516:
1467:
1387:
1320:
1272:
1220:
1150:
1111:
1104:
1081:
1074:
1051:
1037:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1002:
999:
998:
994:
993:
990:
989:
980:
977:
976:
973:
972:
964:
961:
960:
957:
956:
947:
944:
943:
940:
939:
935:
934:
931:
930:
926:
925:
922:
921:
917:
916:
913:
912:
908:
907:
904:
903:
899:
898:
895:
894:
890:
889:
886:
885:
875:, (reports of
873:Canary Islands
845:
842:
841:
838:
837:
798:
793:
791:
788:
787:
784:
783:
775:
770:
768:
765:
764:
761:
760:
748:
743:
741:
738:
737:
734:
733:
697:
694:
693:
690:
689:
668:
663:
661:
653:
652:
649:
648:
644:
643:
638:
636:
623:
621:
614:
613:
610:
609:
605:
604:
601:
600:
572:
569:
568:
565:
564:
528:
523:
521:
513:
511:
504:
503:
500:
499:
495:
494:
491:
490:
486:
485:
482:
481:
473:Southeast Asia
437:
434:
433:
430:
429:
423:, and ancient
408:
403:
401:
392:
391:
388:
387:
378:Ust'-Ishim man
373:
368:
366:
359:
358:
355:
354:
334:
329:
327:
321:
320:
317:
316:
296:Aegean Islands
266:and among the
250:
245:
244:
243:
238:
235:
234:
233:
207:
139:
136:
117:haplogroup IJK
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
54:
50:
49:
46:
42:
41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3447:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3408:
3399:
3392:
3390:
3385:
3383:
3378:
3371:
3362:
3353:
3344:
3337:
3333:
3327:
3318:
3309:
3300:
3291:
3284:
3283:
3276:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3245:(2): 187–91.
3244:
3240:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3204:
3196:
3194:
3189:
3183:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3150:
3144:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3123:
3114:
3107:
3102:
3092:
3083:
3076:
3072:
3066:
3064:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3019:
3014:
3013:
3005:
3000:
2999:
2993:
2988:
2980:
2971:
2966:
2965:
2959:
2956:
2951:
2945:
2942:
2937:
2931:
2928:
2923:
2917:
2914:
2907:
2898:
2890:
2883:
2880:
2875:
2868:
2863:
2857:
2854:
2849:
2843:
2840:
2835:
2829:
2826:
2820:
2813:
2810:
2804:
2797:
2793:
2787:
2780:
2776:
2770:
2763:
2759:
2752:
2747:
2737:
2734:February 2021
2725:
2720:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2701:
2693:
2688:
2686:
2681:
2679:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2643:(8 May 2020).
2642:
2641:
2637:
2631:
2624:
2618:
2610:
2604:
2596:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2537:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2488:
2482:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2457:
2449:
2443:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2418:(1): 717–27.
2417:
2413:
2409:
2402:
2393:
2385:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2344:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2317:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2294:
2286:
2279:
2271:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2236:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2205:(4): 441–64.
2204:
2200:
2199:Human Biology
2196:
2189:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2140:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2097:(2): e56775.
2096:
2092:
2088:
2081:
2073:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2038:(3): e34288.
2037:
2033:
2029:
2022:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1979:(7): e41252.
1978:
1974:
1970:
1963:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1904:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1869:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1812:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1755:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1706:
1698:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1657:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1600:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1471:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1410:(1): 93–114.
1409:
1405:
1404:Human Biology
1400:
1391:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1324:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1276:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1224:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1157:
1155:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1107:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1086:
1077:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1058:
1056:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1021:
1019:
1014:
1001:
1000:
992:
991:
988:
986:
979:
978:
975:
974:
971:
970:
963:
962:
959:
958:
955:
953:
946:
945:
942:
941:
933:
932:
924:
923:
915:
914:
906:
905:
897:
896:
888:
887:
884:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
844:
843:
840:
839:
836:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
797:
796:
790:
789:
786:
785:
782:
780:
774:
773:
767:
766:
763:
762:
759:
757:
753:
747:
746:
740:
739:
736:
735:
732:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
696:
695:
692:
691:
688:
686:
682:
678:
674:
667:
666:
660:(M45/PF5962)
659:
655:
654:
651:
650:
642:
641:
635:
631:
627:
626:
620: (K2b2)
619:
616:
615:
612:
611:
603:
602:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
571:
570:
567:
566:
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
527:
526:
520:
517:
516:
510: (P331)
509:
506:
505:
502:
501:
493:
492:
484:
483:
480:
478:
474:
470:
466:
460:
454:
450:
442:
436:
435:
432:
431:
428:
426:
422:
418:
407:
406:
400:
394:
393:
390:
389:
386:
384:
379:
372:
371:
364:
361:
360:
357:
356:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
333:
332:
326:
323:
322:
319:
318:
315:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
256:
249:
248:
241:
240:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
208:
205:
201:
197:
194:
193:
192:
189:
187:
183:
178:
176:
172:
167:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
144:Spencer Wells
135:
133:
132:Haplogroup K2
129:
128:Haplogroup K1
124:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
97:
93:
90:
86:
85:haplogroup K2
83:
79:
76:
73:
69:
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