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reception of German-Jews aboard the St. Louis after the would be immigrants had been refused by Cuban officials in 1939. Government stances on neutrality allotted for inaccurate and skewed registration of war-time arrivals with official documents stating only 18,000 while community and Parish reports cite upwards of 100,000. Contrary to official government reports, the Jewish and Polish-Catholic communities in Mexico cited tens of thousands of new Jewish-German and Polish arrivals between 1937 and 1944. Mexico admitted only 1,850 Jewish refugees between 1933 and 1945, but issued at least 16,000 immigration visas to
Spanish loyalist refugees between 1938 and 1945, and over 1,400 visas to Catholic Polish refugees between 1939 and 1941. It is estimated many of these visas were actually used by Jewish German fleeing through the Spain in addition to the stowaways smuggled in by seafaring “coyotes." Mexican diplomat
689:
German colonies were established to develop modern coffee plantations and food processing facilities in the state. German-Mexicans make up a large minority of the population of the soconusco region of
Chiapas, where the German population has intermixed with the Maya who make up the majority of the region's population. A study by the Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) found that in the municipality of Tapachula and the surrounding Soconusco region that the mixed Mestizo population had a larger concentration of German heritage than Spanish heritage with as many as 160,000 residents cited as being unaware of their German heritage. Many of the original German farms and facilities continue to operate as both ejidos and private ventures.
697:. For examples, the German surname “Sols” became the surname “Solis” and “Bergmann” became “Burgos” or “Beltran.” Colonial practices of hispanicizing surnames also occurred albeit with less commitment to translation with many clergymen and Immigration officials simply naming people after identifiable markers resulting in names such as “Aleman," “Rubio,” “Luterano,” “Vismarca,” “Brucha,” “Fridaburgo,” etc. However, traditional German names still exist in certain regions with historic significant populations, such as in the Yucatán, where the 56th and 82nd most common surnames recorded were “Quelle” and “Fiege” according to a 2012 survey of the region.
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Guadalajara. By 1979, the school was re-established in the
Mexican education system under fully involved administrative supervision by the board of education. Before that the German language was only taught as a foreign language in addition to the official Mexican teaching program but is now the main language of instruction. The Humboldt program remains the biggest German K-12 schooling system in the Americas, with each campus graduating an average of 3,000 certified bilingual students annually.
497:
lives of tens of thousands of Jews as well as other refugees fleeing the Franco dictatorship in Spain. Bosques also rented a castle and a summer holiday camp near
Marseilles to house refugees, claiming that under international law, the property constituted Mexican territory. In 1943, the Gestapo arrested Bosques, his family, and 40 consular staff and detained them in Germany for a year until the Mexican government obtained their release through a prisoner exchange.
763:
speak in
Spanish both at home and to their children. However, in the 21st century, German is seeing positive trends of language revitalization with recent calls from the Mexican-German communities to rebuild once lost cultural ties. Along with the advent of DNA services, this communal effort is seen as a part of the greater movement spearheaded by younger Mexicans to reject traditional nationalist identity politics in favor of their ancestral claims.
1204:
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778:. The establishment of the school caused controversy with local outcry from the Chinese-Mexican communities of Tijuana who have been historically negated by the federal education system in their bids to establish Chinese language schools despite documented Chinese-Mexicans outnumbering documented German-Mexicans at roughly 216,000 to 60,000 at the time of the Tijuana 1992 census.
412:
592:. Such musical styles are especially popular in northern Mexico and in places of the United States where there is a large immigrant population of Mexican heritage. Many of the dance movements that accompany these styles of music are also rooted in traditional polka step dances as with the square dancing traditions commonly found in vaquero culture.
646:, who never traveled anywhere without his two German brew-masters, helped cement the art of brewing as an all-Mexican endeavor felt to this day with Mexico as one of the only Latin American countries where beer consumption trumps that of wine and spirits. German influence has had a lasting impact on Mexican beers, with brands such as
464:. Cult like criticisms persist into the modern day with complaints of “luring and brainwashing the youth,” though these claims remain unsubstantiated with most colonies being mildly isolated and viewed favorably by the Mexican government. The most prosperous Mennonite colonies in Mexico lie in the states of
459:
dialect and maintained their self sustaining agricultural and religious practices on their properties. By their community's rules, German
Mexican Mennonites are allowed to speak Spanish primarily for the purposes of business, culture, and, on occasion, finding spouses. Several mennonite colonies have
231:
The German influence on modern
Mexican culture is visible in their dairy, brewing, and musical entertainment industries with major exports like beer, cheese, and carpentry all deeply rooted in northern German traditions. The most notable German influence on mainstream culture however, is the Northern
692:
Surnames of German origin can be commonly found in the Yucatán
Peninsula as well as regions of Northern Mexico such as Sonora, Sinaloa, Chihuahua, Nayarit, and Jalisco. Hispanicized spellings of German surnames also exist in large part due to assimilation campaigns from the 19th century. Changing of
491:
Before and after declaring war on the Axis Powers in 1942, port authority began accepting Jewish German refugees as early as 1937 albeit unofficially due to the controversial nature of the Jewish question as well as growing anti-semitism in
Caribbean policies. The most notable example being Mexico's
762:
at the turn of the 20th century, European immigrants were encouraged to assimilate into society and disavow their cultural heritages in favor of the new national identity. As a result, documented
Mexicans of German heritage can rarely speak German with most German speaking immigrants opting only to
712:
There are currently 11,398 registered German nationals residing in Mexico as of 2019. The German embassy in Mexico estimates that there are a further 75,000 Mexicans of German ancestry today. Due to decades of mestizaje based assimilation practices, many modern Mexicans do not claim or are ignorant
819:
A small German school was founded in 1917 in Guadalajara as a branch of the Humboldt school. They included in their best kindergarten and elementary school and counted 120 students who were taught by twelve teachers. Mexico's entry into the war in 1942 marked the end of the first German school in
785:
in Mexico City, established in 1894, is the largest German school outside Germany with about 12,000 enrolled students as of 2012. Enrolled students must prove fluency in standard German unless beginning Kindergarten or transferring into first grade. The most renowned German program in Mexico, the
496:
also played an important role in rescuing German-Jews fleeing through the underground French railroad network. As a consul in Marseilles, a port city in what became Vichy France, Bosques directed consular officials to issue a visa to any refugee who wished to flee to Mexico. His efforts saved the
359:
and Charles Fordtran in the early 1830s, then under Mexican rule. Ernst wrote a letter to a friend in his native Oldenburg, which was published in the newspaper there. His description of Texas was so influential in attracting German immigrants to that area that he is remembered as "the Father of
729:
German as a language of study remains incredibly popular in Mexico with German inching just behind French as the second most commonly studied foreign language. As a major of baccalaureate studies, "Estudios de Ingles y Aleman” or "English & German Studies” often ranks within the top 10 most
688:
The German-Mexican population is especially prevalent in southern Mexico, particularly the states of Chiapas, Yucatán, and Quintana Roo, where German farmers and industrialists were encouraged to immigrate in the late 1890s. Following collaboration between Otto Von Bismarck and Porfirio Díaz to
443:
one of the most successful German colonies, and between 1895 and 1900, 11,500,000 kg of coffee had been harvested. Fincas (estates) were erected in the Chiapaneco highlands and given German names such as Hamburgo, Bremen, Lübeck, Argovia, Bismarck, Prussia, Germania and Hanover.
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Regardless, the nation currently holds the 2nd most German schools in Latin America behind Brazil. Mexico currently has over 3,000 publicly administered German language schools not including international or private institutions. The most notable are as follows:
330:
propaganda, the recognition of the German contribution to modern Mexican culture in the public consciousness has been muted. These social, cultural, and identity aspects that used to be associated with Germans are now seen as characteristic of the greater
754:
all investing in community efforts to restore German ethnic ties. Much of this work is to the chagrin of Indigenous activists from Mexico City and Southern Mexico who have been vocal in the disproportionate funding of Euro-centric revival programs.
208:. Many of them took advantage of the liberal policies in Mexico at the time and went into merchant, industrial, and educational ventures. However, others arrived without any or much capital as employees or farmers. Most settled in
216:
and Veracruz as well as the northern states of Sonora, Sinaloa, Jalisco, and Chihuahua. Later settlers headed south towards the Yucatán Peninsula. Significant numbers of German immigrants also arrived during and after both
299:
The German-Mexican community has largely integrated into Mexican society as a whole but has retained some cultural traits and in turn exerted cultural and industrial influences on Mexican society. Especially after
793:
was first established with 10 primary students and a German teacher in 1911 as a community effort to keep German speaking traditions alive. The school is now a German international school in
560:
aggressively marketed the loud, sturdy little "boom boxes" as far back as the late 19th century. Today, various overlapping styles of music that descended in part from German music (notably
1580:
Beatriz Scharrer, Estudio de caso: el grupo familiar de empresarios Stein-Sartorius, in Los pioneros del imperialismo alemán en México, ed. by Brígida von Mentz et al. México: Ciesas, 1982
700:
German influence on media is prominent in its effects on modern culture in areas such as the arts, philosophy, politics, and entertainment. The most notable artist of German descent being
638:, Sinaloa, were developed in large part by ethnic German immigrants bringing to the region famed Bavarian style dark malt brewing techniques. The influx of German immigrants and the brief
816:, Jalisco. The school remains as the North American institution with the most German speaking international students from collective countries such as Germany, Switzerland, and Austria.
1424:
Durán-Merk, Alma:European Immigrants as "Ambassadors of Modernization"? The Case of the Germans in Mexico. 54th. International Congress of Americanists, Vienna, Austria, 19.07.2012.
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of their own ethnic European backgrounds. Regardless, Mexico remains the country with the fourth largest German population in Latin America behind only Brazil, Argentina and Chile.
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German roots are particularly notable in Mexican music due to the large numbers of German immigrants in Texas and northern Mexico around the 1830s. The distributors of German-made
1727:
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in Mexico. Historic trends of German immigration to Northwestern Mexico reflect modern language revival programs with secondary education institutions in the states of Sinaloa,
455:
and the Netherlands, migrated from Canada to northern Mexico in the 1920s. Today, there are about 115,000 practicing descendants of Mennonites in Mexico, who have preserved the
2926:
2466:
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Los cien mil miembros de esta comunidad anabaptista, establecida en Chihuahua desde 1922, se plantean emigrar a la república rusa de Tartaristán, que se ofrece a acogerlos
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names among German Jews is also a historic method of negating antisemitism as was the case with Jewish-German immigration waves during both colonial times and
821:
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382:, with the governing body of the state of Yucatán. The majority of these people were farmers and craftsmen: wheelwrights, shoemakers, cabinet makers, etc.
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Durán-Merk, Alma, 2013, "In Our Sphere of Life". Dimensions of Social Incorporation in a Stratified Society. Augsburg, Germany: Augsburg Universität.
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Homes in the towns of Nueva Alemania resemble the architectural style of northern Germany, and many of this area's settlers came from the cities of
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Many Germans, especially Roman Catholics who sided with Mexico, left Texas for the rest of present-day Mexico after the U.S. defeated Mexico in the
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helping in large to popularize the sport in the modern Mexican consciousness, similar to the efforts of German immigrants in Brazil and Argentina.
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specifically to the villages of Santa Elena and Pustunich, in Yucatán. This was a project of foreign colonization promoted during the
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408:, Germany. The Hacienda was visited many times by Maximilian I, and Sartorius was made the Minister of Agriculture under the Empire.
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when it was under Spanish rule, but the first permanent settlement of Germans was at Industry, in Austin County, established by
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1851:"COLEGIO HUMBOLDT | Institución Educativa en Puebla | Preparatoria, Secundaria, Primaria, Kindergarten y Maternal"
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is usually held in several large cities with German-Mexican communities throughout the country, mainly in Mexico City,
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1826:"COLEGIO HUMBOLDT - Institución Educativa en Puebla - Preparatoria, Secundaria, Primaria, Kindergarten y Maternal"
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Jews and Romani originate in the Middle East and South Asia respectively, with most arriving to Mexico via Europe
658:. Beer production remains as one of Mexico's chief industries and biggest exports valued at over a billion USD.
600:
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Penny, H. Glenn (2013). "Latin American Connections: Recent Work on German Interactions with Latin America".
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Author(s): United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC. "Jewish Germans Refugees: Latin America".
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collaborated to take advantage of southern Mexico's agricultural potential by sending 450 German families to
296:, and other parts of Puebla, where the German culture and language have been preserved to different extents.
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is a Mexican actress who is best known for her historic villainous roles in Televisa's telenovelas, such as
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224:. The historic strength of German-Mexican relations has contributed to Mexico having the fourth largest
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1335:"The German Population in Mexico: Maintenance of German culture and integration into Mexican society"
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In 1865 and 1866, a total of 543 German-speaking people (men, women, and children) were brought from
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002/275_299.pdf The Life Cycle of a Trade Diaspora:The German “Colony” in Mexico City, 1821–present
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arrived in Mexico during the mid-to-late 19th century and were spurred by government policies of
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Alma Duran-Merk, 2009: Villa Carlota: Colonias Alemanas en Yucatan. Mérida: CEPSA/ICY/CONACULTA
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Country of birth/nationality: Germany, Variable: Stock of foreign population by nationality
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Country of birth/nationality: Germany, Variable: Stock of foreign population by nationality
1236:
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982:
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1943:
8:
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20:
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1498:(2). Cambridge University Press on behalf of Central European History Society: 362–394.
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304:, an intense process of transculturation can be observed, particularly in Mexico City,
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Sartorius's settlement, known as The Hacienda, attracted more than 200 settlers from
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Area Studies, Business and Culture: Results of the Bavarian Research Network Forarea
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school persistently attracts enrolled children of many celebrities and politicians.
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Students of the Colegio Alemán Alexander von Humboldt in the early 20th century.
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established in 1993, is a German international school in Colonia Hipódromo,
313:
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Tools of Progress: A German Merchant Family in Mexico City, 1865-present
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132:
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285:
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1543:"Los colonos alemanes en Yucatán durante el Segundo Imperio Mexicano"
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The German settlement in Mexico goes back to the times they settled
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1981:
Rojas Marín, Ana Luisa, 2012. Del bosque a los árboles. Puebla: BUA
832:
622:. German Mexicans were important in the development of the Mexican
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1944:
Small Numbers, Great Impact: Mexico and Its Immigrants, 1821–1973
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International Encyclopedia of Linguistics: AAVE-Esperanto. Vol. 1
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alone boasts over 156,000 certified fluent graduates since 2000.
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historically been victim to religious fervor, notably during the
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321:
309:
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289:
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256:, descendants of Dutch and Prussian immigrants, in the states of
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272:. Other German towns lie in the Northern and Southern states of
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Following the successful “mestizaje” propaganda efforts by the
735:
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213:
209:
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George Dieter Berninger: La inmigración en México. Mexico: SEP
541:. The German Cultural Center building in San Luis Potosí is a
3640:
3519:
2752:
561:
411:
352:
1876:"Kooperation-International: CAG Deutsche Schule Guadalajara"
654:, both deriving from a malty subset of dark lagers known as
86:
including those of partial ancestry Burchard, Gretha (2010).
2948:
2815:
1978:. Mexico City: Sociedad Mexicana de Geografía y Estadistica
853:, prominent painter and political activist, and her father
1820:
1818:
1797:
549:. German immigrants founded the now defunct football club
228:
in all Latin America behind Brazil, Argentina and Chile.
1901:"Secciones ::: Colegio Alemán de Guadalajara A.C."
1815:
991:- financier, photographer, collector, founder of the
401:
by Baron Juan Raiknitz (Johan von Raknitz), in 1833.
92:
Mennonites from Russia and North America (ABC, 2012).
3020:
1199:
252:, a dialect of Low German, is widely spoken by the
419:In 1890, as part of the blanqueamiento movement,
70:German nationals residing in Mexico (OECD, 2019).
3860:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
537:built structures similar to those found in the
340:
1968:. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
857:(born Carl Wilhelm Kahlo), a German immigrant.
324:. Given the historic success of nationalistic
80:Mexicans of German descent (Horst Kopp, 2003).
3006:
2674:
2022:
1374:
2970:
2142:
2074:
2058:
2051:
1111:, is of German descent from his father, Jose
545:mansion that had been owned by the Baron of
439:. Extensive coffee cultivation quickly made
3849:Originated in what is now the United States
2980:Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)
1397:. Oxford University Press. 28 August 2017.
1350:
3013:
2999:
2029:
2015:
707:
43:
1472:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1183:Category:Mexican people of German descent
1141:- alpine skier, photographer, businessman
716:
1673:"The Roots of Tejano and Conjunto Music"
1344:
1332:
845:
831:
720:
660:
594:
410:
2560:(including German, Swiss and Austrians)
2554:(including German, Swiss and Austrians)
1934:Jahrbuch für Geschichte Lateinamerikas.
1139:Prince Hubertus of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
472:(Patos (Nuevo Ideal), Nuevo Hamburgo),
3861:
1757:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
812:, is a German international school in
49:Entrance to the German section of the
2994:
2010:
1576:
1574:
1532:Durán-Merk, 2012, "European Migrants"
1489:
928:- philologist, folklorist, translator
822:Colegio Alemán Alexander von Humboldt
783:Colegio Alemán Alexander von Humboldt
630:industries. The brewing industry, in
1485:
1483:
1432:
1430:
1328:
1326:
1295:
861:
680:. She starred as the protagonist in
99:Regions with significant populations
385:Other colonies were established in
316:, Puebla and particularly with the
212:City and the surrounding states of
13:
1955:Journal of American Ethnic History
1922:
1773:"International Migration Database"
1571:
1272:"International Migration Database"
500:
14:
3900:
2036:
1985:
1526:
1480:
1427:
1323:
1042:- clockmaker, Captain during the
827:
760:Institutional Revolutionary Party
3869:Mexican people of German descent
3830:
3022:Ancestry and ethnicity in Mexico
1798:"Colegio Alemán Cuauhtémoc Hank"
1296:Kopp, Horst (20 December 2017).
1216:
1202:
1016:Christian Julius Wilhelm Schiede
922:- sociologist, political analyst
1893:
1868:
1843:
1790:
1765:
1720:
1695:
1665:
1641:
1617:
1600:"Old Colony Mennonites - GAMEO"
1592:
1583:
1562:
1550:Opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de
1535:
1333:Burchard, Gretha (April 2010).
1024:- Communist, political activist
877:- actress, director, translator
232:regional musical sub-genres of
1418:
1289:
1264:
772:Colegio Alemán Cuauhtémoc Hank
360:German Immigration to Texas."
1:
1257:
1083:- actress, director, producer
810:Colegio Alemán de Guadalajara
730:common majors annually among
415:German finca in the Soconusco
3846:Primarily arrived via Canada
1974:O. de Bopp, Marianne. 1965.
1353:"Los menonitas dejan México"
1153:- artist, political activist
868:First generation immigrants
601:Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery
341:Colonization and immigration
7:
3874:European diaspora in Mexico
2461:Alsatians and Lotharingians
1992:Los que llegaron - Alemanes
1195:
1074:- businessman, head of the
451:, who came originally from
378:, and the reign of Emperor
10:
3905:
3884:German diaspora by country
1976:Maximiliano y los Alemanes
1928:Buchenau, Jürge de. 2002.
1180:
344:
18:
3825:
3725:
3654:
3568:
3472:
3463:
3399:
3248:
3198:
3080:
3062:
3046:
3039:
3028:
2963:
2909:
2831:
2689:
2500:
2480:
2444:
2364:
2316:
2179:
2103:
2096:
2087:
2044:
1703:"FindArticles.com - CBSi"
1649:"Refuge in Latin America"
1625:"Voyage of the St. Louis"
1504:10.1017/S0008938913000654
1414:– via Google Books.
1319:– via Google Books.
1030:- filmmaker, photographer
607:was cofounded by Germans.
494:Gilberto Bosques Saldivar
435:in the southern state of
175:
170:
155:
150:
123:
118:
103:
98:
63:
58:
42:
3473:More than 100,000 people
3200:From South and East Asia
1964:Buchenau, Jürgen. 2004.
1942:Buchenau, Jürgen. 2001.
1492:Central European History
1232:Germany–Mexico relations
979:- explorer of Maya ruins
732:educational institutions
200:origin. Most documented
19:Not to be confused with
3889:Ethnic groups in Mexico
3726:Fewer than 1,000 people
3064:From Sub-Saharan Africa
2481:Multinational dimension
1830:Colegio-humboldt.edu.mx
791:Colegio Humboldt Puebla
708:Demography and ancestry
678:Entre el amor y el odio
393:by the German botanist
16:German people of Mexico
2971:
2675:
2402:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2143:
2075:
2059:
2052:
1653:encyclopedia.ushmm.org
1629:encyclopedia.ushmm.org
1461:Cite journal requires
1302:. LIT Verlag Münster.
932:Mariana Frenk-Westheim
889:- photographer of the
858:
843:
726:
717:Education and language
685:
642:(mid-19th century) of
608:
416:
397:, and in the state of
380:Maximilian I of Mexico
3879:Immigration to Mexico
3569:20,000–100,000 people
1242:Immigration to Mexico
1147:- TV presenter, model
1051:- Catholic missionary
1018:- physician, botanist
952:- brewer, founder of
898:- production designer
849:
835:
724:
674:El privilegio de amar
664:
598:
414:
376:Second Mexican Empire
250:Plautdietsch language
171:Related ethnic groups
2901:United Arab Emirates
2209:Transylvanian Saxons
1237:Mennonites in Mexico
1175:Nena von Schlebrügge
1165:- Surrealist painter
1145:Vanessa Huppenkothen
1044:Mexican–American War
983:Horst Matthai Quelle
682:Ni contigo ni sin ti
365:Mexican–American War
3655:1,000–20,000 people
2488:Central and Eastern
2392:Italy (South Tyrol)
2002:Deutsch-Mexikanisch
1247:Mexicans in Germany
1129:- painter, director
1109:President of Mexico
1034:Rodolfo Stavenhagen
1012:- Communist, writer
940:- painter, sculptor
934:- writer, Hispanist
841:President of Mexico
752:Baja California Sur
620:Victoria de Durango
462:Christian Civil War
64:Various estimates:
39:
21:Mexicans in Germany
2633:Pennsylvania Dutch
1949:2016-03-05 at the
1453:has generic name (
1117:- artist, designer
1099:Enrique Bostelmann
1065:Second generation
1028:J. Michael Seyfert
993:Franz Mayer Museum
944:Hans Gutmann Guste
891:Mexican Revolution
875:Brigitte Alexander
859:
844:
727:
686:
644:Emperor Maximilian
634:, Nuevo León, and
609:
449:Russian Mennonites
417:
254:Mexican Mennonites
248:among others. The
51:Panteón de Dolores
29:
3856:
3855:
3837:Mexico portal
3821:
3820:
3459:
3458:
3400:From Western Asia
3081:From the Americas
2988:
2987:
2959:
2958:
2496:
2495:
2296:Russian Mennonite
1404:978-0-19-513977-8
1192:
1191:
1057:- actor, director
1049:Maximilian Uhland
1040:Martin Tritschler
1006:- photojournalist
425:Otto von Bismarck
226:German population
187:
186:
157:Roman Catholicism
3896:
3835:
3834:
3833:
3667:Chichimeca Jonaz
3470:
3469:
3402:and North Africa
3044:
3043:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2992:
2991:
2976:
2927:Papua New Guinea
2765:Kapitaï and Koba
2731:Kapitaï and Koba
2680:
2558:Los Lagos Region
2540:British Columbia
2148:
2101:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2080:
2064:
2055:
2031:
2024:
2017:
2008:
2007:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1878:. Archived from
1872:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1853:. Archived from
1847:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1822:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1780:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1756:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1739:
1733:. Archived from
1732:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1707:findarticles.com
1699:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1679:. Archived from
1669:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1621:
1615:
1614:
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1434:
1425:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1389:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1351:Cascante, M. M.
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1279:
1268:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1212:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1115:Pedro Friedeberg
1081:Susana Alexander
1066:
967:- anthropologist
869:
862:
533:, settlers from
453:Northern Germany
59:Total population
47:
40:
37:Deutschmexikaner
33:germano-mexicano
28:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3893:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3852:
3831:
3829:
3817:
3721:
3650:
3564:
3455:
3401:
3395:
3244:
3194:
3076:
3058:
3035:
3024:
3019:
2989:
2984:
2955:
2905:
2827:
2685:
2552:Los Ríos Region
2492:
2476:
2440:
2365:Southern Europe
2360:
2334:North Schleswig
2317:Northern Europe
2312:
2175:
2116:Sudeten Germans
2083:
2040:
2035:
1988:
1951:Wayback Machine
1925:
1923:Further reading
1920:
1919:
1910:
1908:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1885:
1883:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1860:
1858:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1834:
1832:
1824:
1823:
1816:
1806:
1804:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1778:
1776:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1750:
1749:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1730:
1728:"Archived copy"
1726:
1725:
1721:
1711:
1709:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1686:
1684:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1657:
1655:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1633:
1631:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1608:
1606:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1554:
1552:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1488:
1481:
1471:
1462:
1460:
1450:
1449:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1428:
1423:
1419:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1391:
1390:
1375:
1362:
1360:
1349:
1345:
1337:
1331:
1324:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1294:
1290:
1277:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1222:
1217:
1215:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1193:
1185:
1177:- fashion model
1163:Wolfgang Paalen
1135:- racing driver
1076:House of Saxony
1064:
1055:Fernando Wagner
998:Sabine Moussier
959:Guillermo Kahlo
938:Mathias Goeritz
920:Heinz Dieterich
867:
855:Guillermo Kahlo
830:
750:, Jalisco, and
719:
710:
666:Sabine Moussier
652:Dos Equis Ambar
519:San Luis Potosí
503:
501:Cultural legacy
395:Carls Sartorius
357:Friedrich Ernst
349:
343:
302:First World War
190:German Mexicans
182:German diaspora
125:Mexican Spanish
109:northern Mexico
54:
35:
31:
30:German Mexicans
27:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3902:
3892:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3813:Tohono Oʼodham
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
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3729:
3727:
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3460:
3457:
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3448:
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3433:
3428:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3405:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3354:
3349:
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3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3276:
3275:
3265:
3260:
3254:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3204:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3068:
3066:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3050:
3048:
3041:
3040:Non-Amerindian
3037:
3036:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3018:
3017:
3010:
3003:
2995:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2944:German Samoans
2941:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2924:
2919:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
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2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
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2701:
2695:
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2655:
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2640:
2635:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2555:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2506:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2472:United Kingdom
2469:
2464:
2454:
2448:
2446:
2445:Western Europe
2442:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2339:Potato Germans
2336:
2326:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2274:North Caucasus
2271:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2216:
2211:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2180:Eastern Europe
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2156:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2140:
2135:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2111:Czech Republic
2107:
2105:
2104:Central Europe
2098:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2061:Reichsdeutsche
2056:
2053:Bundesdeutsche
2048:
2046:
2042:
2041:
2034:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2011:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1987:
1986:External links
1984:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1972:
1969:
1962:
1940:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1903:Archived from
1892:
1867:
1842:
1814:
1789:
1764:
1719:
1694:
1677:Lib.utexas.edu
1664:
1640:
1616:
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1479:
1463:|journal=
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1343:
1322:
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1259:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1252:White Mexicans
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1224:Germany portal
1213:
1197:
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1190:
1189:
1179:
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1160:
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1148:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1127:Gunther Gerzso
1124:
1118:
1112:
1102:
1101:- photographer
1096:
1090:
1089:- screenwriter
1084:
1078:
1072:Alexander Afif
1060:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1022:Otto Schüssler
1019:
1013:
1007:
1001:
995:
986:
980:
977:Teoberto Maler
974:
968:
965:Paul Kirchhoff
962:
961:- photographer
956:
947:
946:- photographer
941:
935:
929:
923:
917:
916:- photographer
914:Christa Cowrie
911:
905:
899:
896:Brigitte Broch
893:
884:
878:
860:
829:
828:Notable people
826:
803:Greater Puebla
718:
715:
709:
706:
704:among others.
640:Austrian reign
502:
499:
482:Aguascalientes
468:(Cuauhtémoc),
342:
339:
270:Aguascalientes
202:ethnic Germans
185:
184:
173:
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167:
153:
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115:
101:
100:
96:
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61:
60:
56:
55:
53:in Mexico City
48:
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4:
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2079:
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2077:Volksdeutsche
2073:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2038:German people
2032:
2027:
2025:
2020:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1907:on 2014-05-28
1906:
1902:
1896:
1882:on 2015-01-04
1881:
1877:
1871:
1857:on 2014-03-14
1856:
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1831:
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1821:
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1760:
1754:
1740:on 2013-09-27
1736:
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1708:
1704:
1698:
1683:on 2013-07-27
1682:
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1210:Mexico portal
1200:
1188:
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1169:Raquel Torres
1167:
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1158:
1157:Olivia Molina
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
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1140:
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1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:Hans Friessen
1119:
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1041:
1038:
1036:- sociologist
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1004:Walter Reuter
1002:
999:
996:
994:
990:
987:
985:- philosopher
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
955:
951:
950:Wilhelm Hasse
948:
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795:Cuautlancingo
792:
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764:
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421:Porfirio Díaz
413:
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206:Porfirio Díaz
203:
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183:
179:
174:
169:
166:
162:
161:Protestantism
158:
154:
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142:
138:
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133:Nedderdüütsch
130:
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62:
57:
52:
46:
41:
38:
34:
22:
3586:Chontal Maya
3555:Yucatec Maya
3357:Scandinavian
3304:
3030:
2772:South Africa
2595:
2145:Walddeutsche
1998:(in Spanish)
1975:
1965:
1958:
1954:
1936:
1933:
1909:. Retrieved
1905:the original
1895:
1884:. Retrieved
1880:the original
1870:
1859:. Retrieved
1855:the original
1845:
1833:. Retrieved
1829:
1805:. Retrieved
1801:
1792:
1784:
1777:. Retrieved
1767:
1742:. Retrieved
1735:the original
1722:
1710:. Retrieved
1706:
1697:
1685:. Retrieved
1681:the original
1676:
1667:
1656:. Retrieved
1652:
1643:
1632:. Retrieved
1628:
1619:
1607:. Retrieved
1603:
1594:
1585:
1564:
1553:. Retrieved
1549:
1537:
1528:
1495:
1491:
1443:cite journal
1420:
1408:. Retrieved
1393:
1368:
1361:. Retrieved
1359:(in Spanish)
1356:
1346:
1313:. Retrieved
1298:
1291:
1283:
1276:. Retrieved
1266:
1186:
1123:- footballer
1087:Hans Beimler
1063:
1062:
971:Hilde Krüger
926:Margit Frenk
881:Fritz Bieler
866:
865:
818:
807:
788:
780:
769:
765:
757:
728:
711:
699:
695:World War II
691:
687:
670:María Isabel
656:Vienna-style
648:Negra Modelo
610:
555:
539:Black Forest
504:
490:
476:(La Honda),
457:Plautdietsch
447:About 6,000
446:
418:
403:
384:
369:
362:
350:
347:German Texan
332:
325:
298:
294:Quintana Roo
230:
196:citizens of
189:
188:
129:Plautdietsch
89:
83:
77:
73:
67:
36:
32:
26:Ethnic group
3788:Motozintlec
3419:Palestinian
3250:From Europe
3228:Mexico City
3135:Costa Rican
2973:Ostsiedlung
2922:New Zealand
2896:Philippines
2738:Ivory Coast
2623:Puerto Rico
2576:El Salvador
2467:Netherlands
2421:Gottscheers
2221:(including
2171:Switzerland
1802:Cach.edu.mx
1451:|last=
1363:19 February
1315:20 December
1151:Frida Kahlo
1133:Memo Gidley
1105:Vicente Fox
1093:Arap Bethke
989:Franz Mayer
904:- architect
887:Hugo Brehme
851:Frida Kahlo
837:Vicente Fox
814:Guadalajara
702:Frida Kahlo
612:Oktoberfest
551:Germania FV
547:Baden-Baden
105:Mexico City
3863:Categories
3707:Qʼanjobʼal
3687:Mexicanero
3465:Amerindian
3342:Portuguese
3190:Venezuelan
3180:Salvadoran
3170:Nicaraguan
3155:Guatemalan
3150:Ecuadorian
2886:Kyrgyzstan
2876:Kazakhstan
2777:Afrikaners
2571:Costa Rica
2535:Hutterites
2397:Yugoslavia
2377:Azerbaijan
2286:Bessarabia
2045:Historical
1996:Canal Once
1911:2014-05-27
1886:2015-01-04
1861:2014-05-27
1779:21 January
1744:2013-06-02
1658:2020-12-17
1634:2020-12-17
1555:2017-08-28
1278:21 January
1258:References
1181:See also:
1010:Otto Rühle
908:Olga Costa
578:quebradita
564:) include
558:accordions
399:Tamaulipas
387:El Mirador
345:See also:
337:identity.
314:Nuevo León
274:Nuevo León
180:and other
3758:Kaqchikel
3733:Aguacatec
3702:Pima Bajo
3631:Tojolabal
3525:Purépecha
3480:Chinantec
3391:Ukrainian
3362:Norwegian
3322:Hungarian
3310:Mennonite
3280:Bulgarian
3185:Uruguayan
3145:Dominican
3130:Colombian
3115:Brazilian
3105:Argentine
2917:Australia
2670:Venezuela
2653:Palatines
2601:Nicaragua
2581:Guatemala
2510:Argentina
2291:Black Sea
2237:Satu Mare
2197:Black Sea
2068:Palatines
1939::275-297.
1835:28 August
1807:28 August
1712:28 August
1687:28 August
1609:28 August
1604:gameo.org
1520:145226094
1410:28 August
1171:- actress
1000:- actress
973:- actress
954:Dos Equis
910:- painter
902:Max Cetto
883:- aviator
740:Chihuahua
632:Monterrey
616:Chihuahua
605:Monterrey
474:Zacatecas
466:Chihuahua
441:Soconusco
433:Tapachula
429:Soconusco
406:Darmstadt
367:in 1848.
327:mestizaje
266:Zacatecas
258:Chihuahua
119:Languages
113:Soconusco
3803:Qʼeqchiʼ
3783:Lacandon
3778:Kumeyaay
3692:Ocuiltec
3682:Jacaltec
3677:Guarijio
3626:Tepehuán
3621:Popoluca
3596:Cuicatec
3535:Tlapanec
3530:Rarámuri
3436:Assyrian
3431:Armenian
3414:Lebanese
3347:Romanian
3285:Croatian
3258:Austrian
3223:Japanese
3213:Filipino
3175:Peruvian
3165:Honduran
3120:Canadian
3110:Belizean
3088:American
3032:Mexicans
2964:See also
2891:Pakistan
2799:Zanzibar
2789:Bagamoyo
2784:Tanzania
2704:Cameroon
2638:Nebraska
2606:Paraguay
2566:Colombia
2502:Americas
2434:Bosporus
2417:Slovenia
2382:Bulgaria
2242:Bukovina
2227:Highland
2214:Landlers
2159:Slovakia
2089:Diaspora
1947:Archived
1753:cite web
1512:43280587
1196:See also
1159:- singer
636:Mazatlán
586:ranchera
570:conjunto
543:Bavarian
531:Veracruz
527:Mazatlán
486:Campeche
391:Veracruz
242:ranchera
151:Religion
3763:K'iche'
3748:Ixcatec
3743:Cocopah
3738:Cochimí
3717:Tepehua
3712:Tacuate
3606:Huichol
3581:Chatino
3560:Zapotec
3550:Tzotzil
3545:Tzeltal
3540:Totonac
3500:Mazatec
3495:Mazahua
3490:Huastec
3451:Turkish
3446:Iranian
3374:Spanish
3367:Swedish
3352:Russian
3332:Italian
3273:Cornish
3268:British
3263:Belgian
3208:Chinese
3160:Haitian
3125:Chilean
3093:Mascogo
3054:Mestizo
2910:Oceania
2854:Tianjin
2849:Qingdao
2844:Beijing
2811:Baguida
2760:Senegal
2748:Nigeria
2743:Namibia
2714:Yaoundé
2665:Uruguay
2658:by city
2591:Jamaica
2520:Bolivia
2452:Belgium
2407:Croatia
2387:Georgia
2372:Armenia
2351:Finland
2329:Denmark
2306:Galicia
2281:Ukraine
2247:Dobruja
2204:Romania
2192:Moldova
2187:Belarus
2152:Galicia
2138:Olęders
2133:Vistula
2123:Hungary
1961::24-49.
1107:- 55th
1095:- actor
839:, 55th
776:Tijuana
748:Nayarit
744:Durango
628:brewing
590:norteño
574:Tex-Mex
535:Bavaria
523:Sinaloa
507:Hamburg
478:Sinaloa
470:Durango
437:Chiapas
372:Hamburg
334:mestizo
322:Chiapas
310:Sinaloa
306:Jalisco
290:Chiapas
286:Yucatán
282:Sinaloa
278:Jalisco
262:Durango
246:norteño
194:Mexican
178:Germans
165:Judaism
145:English
141:Russian
90:100,000
3798:Paipai
3773:Kiliwa
3768:Kikapú
3662:Chocho
3636:Triqui
3576:Amuzgo
3510:Mixtec
3441:Jewish
3424:Syrian
3379:Basque
3337:Polish
3305:German
3300:French
3240:Romani
3235:Korean
3218:Indian
3098:Mormon
3072:Kenyan
3047:Mexico
2937:Rabaul
2932:Kokopo
2866:Israel
2726:Guinea
2709:Douala
2699:Angola
2691:Africa
2616:Pozuzo
2596:Mexico
2530:Canada
2525:Brazil
2515:Belize
2457:France
2429:Turkey
2412:Serbia
2356:Sweden
2346:Norway
2301:Crimea
2264:Russia
2257:Zipser
2231:Walser
2229:, and
2219:Danube
2164:Zipser
2128:Poland
2097:Europe
1959:Spring
1775:. OECD
1518:
1510:
1401:
1306:
1274:. OECD
1187:
799:Puebla
736:Sonora
624:cheese
618:, and
588:, and
566:tejano
529:) and
515:Lübeck
513:, and
511:Bremen
268:, and
244:, and
234:tejano
214:Puebla
210:Mexico
198:German
176:Other
137:German
111:, the
84:75,000
78:40,000
74:15,000
68:11,398
3793:Opata
3646:Zoque
3641:Yaqui
3601:Huave
3520:Otomi
3515:Nahua
3485:Ch'ol
3386:Swiss
3327:Irish
3317:Greek
3295:Dutch
3290:Czech
3140:Cuban
2881:Korea
2871:Japan
2861:India
2839:China
2753:Lagos
2721:Ghana
2648:Omaha
2643:Texas
2586:Haiti
2547:Chile
2269:Volga
2252:Regat
2223:Banat
1994:from
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