508:, Saad Haddad headed the Christian radio station "Voice of Hope", initially set up and funded by George Otis of High Adventure Ministries. The Voice of Hope was set up as a charitable endeavor to help the Christian enclave in Southern Lebanon, but it quickly became politicized, when Hadaad used it for political diatribes aimed at his many enemies. High Adventure billed it as the only privately owned radio station in the Middle East that was broadcasting the Gospel, but its message was often tainted by the necessary affiliation with Hadaad's militia, as its operation depended upon his protection and authority, resulting in a very curious blend of scripture lessons and political commentary which the staff at the station could not control or regulate.
65:
370:
79:
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The beginning of the Good Fence coincides with the beginning of the civil war in
Lebanon in 1976 and Israeli support for the predominantly-Maronite militias in southern Lebanon in their battle with the PLO. From 1977, Israel allowed the Maronites and their allies to find employment in Israel and
479:
of Israel. Free
Lebanon functioned for several years as a semi-independent authority in South Lebanon, being in a complete political disconnection with the internationally recognized Lebanese government in Beirut. The government of Free Lebanon under Haddad's leadership had never received
527:
caused a brief falling out between the
Americans and Haddad, CBN and Voice of Hope both continued uninterrupted broadcasting through the end of Free Lebanon and up until Israel ended its occupation in 2000.
583:
Free
Lebanon did not succeed in gaining recognition from any state with the exception of unofficial recognition by the State of Israel. The country did have a certain amount of support from
726:
575:'s leadership with the backing of Israeli military forces. During the 1982 Lebanon War, UN positions were overrun, primarily by the South Lebanon Army forces under Saad Haddad.
472:
The announcement was made on 18 April 1979. The following day, he was branded a traitor to the
Lebanese government and officially dismissed from the Lebanese Army.
452:, the authority of Free Lebanon rapidly deteriorated following Haddad's death in 1984. In the post-Haddad era, Maronite governance continued in the form of the
805:
800:
464:, the Maronite administration and the South Lebanon Army operated under Israel's supervision, ultimately collapsing upon the Israeli withdrawal in 2000.
746:
723:
654:
810:
555:. This provided essential economic stability to the administration of Free Lebanon and the later South Lebanon security belt administration.
678:
Barak, Oren. "Ambiguity and
Conflict in Israeli-Lebanese Relations." Israel Studies 15, no. 3 (2010): 163-88. doi:10.2979/isr.2010.15.3.163.
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The freedom of movement of UNIFIL personnel and UNTSO observers within the Free
Lebanon enclave remained restricted due to the actions of
488:, under joint control of the Israeli Army and the Free Lebanon Army. The authority of Free Lebanon further deteriorated with the death of
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in
January 1984, following which only the military force of the self-proclaimed state continued to function, rebranded as the
584:
697:
Ballout, Laila (6 June 2022). "Vanguard of the
Religious Right: U.S. Evangelicals in Israeli-Controlled South Lebanon".
17:
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during the conflict. Though Free
Lebanon garnered no international recognition, it received support from neighbouring
64:
516:
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Free Lebanon's existence relied on Israeli logistic and (after 1982) military support, effectively making it a
433:
757:
485:
445:
616:
Jabbra, Joseph G.; Jabbra, Nancy W. (10 August 1983). "Lebanon: Gateway to Peace in the Middle East?".
524:
658:
587:, who would often meet with Free Lebanon governor Saad Haddad during televised Holy Land journeys.
747:"Extracts relating to Article 98 of the Charter of the United Nations: Supplement No 6 (1979–1984)"
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Arab Mass Media: Newspapers, Radio, and Television in Arab Politics By William A. Rugh p. 197
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proclaimed the independence of a "Free Lebanon" out of the southernmost territory of
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Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
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provided assistance in exporting their goods through the Israeli port city of
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had established a working alliance with each other during the
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Building on positive coverage of Voice of Hope, in 1982
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Map of the Free Lebanese State at its greatest extent
756:. United Nations. pp. §185–§199. Archived from
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46:
523:) and placed his son, Tim, in charge. Although the
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456:, which remained intact under the umbrella of the
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458:1985–2000 Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon
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754:Repertory of Practice of United Nations Organs
416:. On 18 April 1979, Lebanese military officer
806:States and territories disestablished in 1984
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578:
412:) was an unrecognized separatist country in
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428:. Haddad was the founding commander of the
801:States and territories established in 1979
454:South Lebanon security belt administration
364:South Lebanon security belt administration
515:founded the first overseas branch of his
480:international recognition. Following the
448:. Despite being further bolstered by the
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14:
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811:Deep states of the Lebanese Civil War
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559:Relationship with the United Nations
279:238.8 km (92.2 sq mi)
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506:South Lebanon conflict (1982–2000)
504:During the first two years of the
27:Client state of Israel (1979–1984)
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440:; the South Lebanon Army and the
450:1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon
446:1978 Israeli invasion of Lebanon
424:, amidst the hostilities of the
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517:Christian Broadcasting Network
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796:Former unrecognized countries
791:Former countries in West Asia
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256:• Death of Saad Haddad
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486:South Lebanon Security Belt
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10:
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729:December 2, 2008, at the
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409:Dawlat Lubnān al-Ḥurra
48:Dawlat Lubnān al-Ḥurra
618:International Journal
585:American Evangelicals
442:Israel Defense Forces
396:State of Free Lebanon
113:Common languages
34:State of Free Lebanon
434:Maronite Christians
711:10.1093/dh/dhac011
699:Diplomatic History
597:History of Lebanon
494:South Lebanon Army
430:South Lebanon Army
426:Lebanese Civil War
316:Old Israeli shekel
222:Lebanese Civil War
179:Christian republic
18:Free Lebanon State
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245:First Lebanon War
203:• 1979–1984
16:(Redirected from
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404:دولة لبنان الحرة
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40:دولة لبنان الحرة
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663:. Retrieved
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571:under Major
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477:client-state
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333:Succeeded by
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275:• Total
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146:Christianity
93:Client state
573:Saad Haddad
549:Fatima Gate
490:Saad Haddad
418:Saad Haddad
328:Preceded by
250:1982–(1985)
208:Saad Haddad
785:Categories
665:2014-11-22
603:References
538:Good Fence
519:(known as
284:Population
175:Government
166:Demonym(s)
134:(Minority)
190:President
139:Religion
107:Marjayoun
56:1979–1984
767:6 August
727:Archived
638:40202202
591:See also
567:and the
307:Currency
294:•
183:de facto
655:"feb2b"
532:Economy
496:(SLA).
468:History
422:Lebanon
414:Lebanon
388:Lebanon
351:Lebanon
243:•
156:Druzism
103:Capital
42:
636:
553:Metula
438:Israel
400:Arabic
193:
132:Hebrew
125:French
120:Arabic
97:Israel
89:Status
761:(PDF)
750:(PDF)
634:JSTOR
545:Haifa
313:(LBP)
151:Islam
769:2006
565:Amal
394:The
318:(IS)
269:Area
71:Flag
707:doi
626:doi
95:of
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646:^
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713:.
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181:(
130:•
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