1446:
1568:, in May 1916, saw no U-boat involvement at all; the fleets met and engaged largely by chance, and there were no U-boat patrols anywhere near the battle area. A further series of operations, in August and October 1916, were similarly unfruitful, and the strategy was abandoned in favour of resuming commerce warfare. Renewed orders in October suggested that unrestricted submarine warfare may come at some point in the future, but commerce attacks had to operate under cruiser rules for now. To the consternation of Scheer, operating in this way turned out to be a great success, with around 1.4 million tons sunk in less than four months. Only 4 submarines from the High Seas Fleet were lost, due solely to mines or accidents. According to German estimates, Scheer's intransigence cost Germany the opportunity to sink 1.6 to 3 million tons of Allied shipping.
192:
1149:
1756:. Until November 1917 it was ineffective; up to then just two U-boats had been destroyed by the Barrage force, and the Barrage itself had been a magnet for surface raids. After major improvement in the winter of 1917 it became more effective; in the four-month period after mid-December seven U-boats were destroyed trying to transit the area, and by February the High Seas Flotilla boats had abandoned the route in favour of sailing north-about round Scotland, with a consequent loss of effectiveness. The Flanders boats still tried to use the route, but continued to suffer losses, and after March switched their operations to Britain's east coast. Other measures, particularly against the Flanders flotilla, were the
963:
1583:
245:
1334:
207:
177:
222:
162:
1079:
1821:
1894:. Of the 12.5 million tons of Allied shipping destroyed in World War I, over 8 million tons, two-thirds of the total, had been sunk in the waters of the Atlantic war zone. Of the 178 U-boats destroyed during the war, 153 had been from the Atlantic forces, 77 from the much larger High Seas Flotillas and 76 from the much smaller Flanders force. Throughout the entire war, the tonnage of available Allied and neutral shipping fluctuated by a maximum of around 5%, and ended the war about 3% higher than at the start.
1809:. Two more ships were sunk in convoys in the next week, and three independents, but over 100 ships had passed safely through the group's patrol area. During the summer, the extension of the convoy system and effectiveness of the escorts made the east coast of Britain as dangerous for the U-boats as the Channel had become. In this period, the Flanders flotilla lost a third of its boats, and in the autumn, losses were at 40%. In October, with the
776:
723:
53:
1738:
1212:
695:. Later U-boat fleet action was extended to include action against the trade routes of the Allied powers. This campaign was highly destructive, and resulted in the loss of nearly half of Britain's initial merchant marine fleet during the course of the war. To counter the German submarines, the Allies moved shipping into convoys guarded by destroyers, blockades such as the
1540:. U-boats did not cause substantial damage, as merchant traffic was not intimidated into ceasing as the planners had anticipated. Sixteen U-boats were destroyed during this phase of the campaign, while they sank 370 ships of 750,000 GRT. Britain had around 20 million GRT in shipping at the start of the war and production managed to more than keep pace with losses.
1598:
In May, the first convoys were introduced, and were immediately successful. Overall losses started to fall; losses to ships in convoy fell dramatically. In the three months following their introduction, on the
Atlantic, North Sea, and Scandinavian routes, of 8,894 ships convoyed just 27 were lost to
1590:
In 1917 Germany decided to resume full unrestricted submarine warfare. It was expected to bring
America into the war, but the Germans gambled that they could defeat Britain by this means before the US could mobilize. German planners estimated that if the sunk tonnage were to exceed 600,000 tons per
1104:
Second Class, except for
Weddigen, who received the Iron Cross First Class. The sinkings caused alarm within the British Admiralty, which was increasingly nervous about the security of the Scapa Flow anchorage, and the fleet was sent to ports in Ireland and the west coast of Scotland until adequate
1733:
The convoy system was effective in reducing allied shipping losses, while better weapons and tactics made the escorts more successful at intercepting and attacking U-boats. Shipping losses in
Atlantic waters were 98 ships (just over 170,000 GRT) in January; after a rise in February they fell
1419:
British countermeasures were largely ineffective. The most effective defensive measures proved to be advising merchantmen to turn towards the U-boat and attempt to ram, forcing it to submerge. Over half of all attacks on merchant ships by U-boats were defeated in this way. This response freed the
1552:
became the commander of the High Seas Fleet, and as an effort to "blackmail" command into adopting unrestricted submarine warfare, refused to use his submarines in any sort of limited commerce raiding campaign. Thus German Navy returned to a strategy of using the U-boats to erode the
1361:
agitated for a campaign against
British commerce with no restrictions, despite the tiny number of submarines available (21 at the start of 1915, 7 of which were undergoing repair work). On 4 February 1915, the first unrestricted campaign against Allied trade was formally started.
1144:
then suffered a failure of her diving plane motor and the boat became unable to maintain her depth, at one point even impacting the seabed. Eventually, her captain was forced to surface and scuttle his command, and all but one crew-member were picked up by
British boats.
1594:
In
February 1917 U-boats sank over 414,000 GRT in the war zone around Britain, 80% of the total for the month; in March they sank over 500,000 (90%), in April over 600,000 of 860,000 GRT, the highest total sinkings of the war. This, however was the high point.
1415:
with the loss of 1,197 lives, 124 of them US citizens. These incidents caused outrage amongst neutrals and the scope of the unrestricted campaign was scaled back in
September 1915 to lessen the risk of those nations entering the war against Germany.
1557:'s numerical superiority by staging a series of operations designed to lure the Grand Fleet into a U-boat trap. Due to the U-boats' poor speed compared to the main battle fleet these operations required U-boat patrol lines to be set up, while the
1131:
penetrated Scapa Flow via Hoxa Sound, following a steamer through the boom and entering the anchorage with little difficulty. However, the fleet was absent, being dispersed in anchorages on the west coast of
Scotland and Ireland. As
1840:, to block U-boat access to the Western Approaches by the north-about route. This huge undertaking involved laying and maintaining minefields and patrols in deep waters over a distance of 300 nautical miles (556 kilometers). The
1602:
As shipping losses fell, U-boat losses rose; during the period May to July 1917, 15 U-boats were destroyed in the waters around
Britain, compared to 9 the previous quarter, and 4 for the quarter before the campaign was renewed.
912:. This failed to hit, and succeeded only in putting the battleships on their guard. At dawn the next morning, the 1st Light Cruiser Squadron, which was screening the battleships, came into contact with the U-boats.
942:. While the operation was a failure, it caused the Royal Navy some uneasiness, disproving earlier estimates as to U-boats' radius of action and leaving the security of the Grand Fleet's unprotected anchorage at
1105:
defenses were installed at Scapa Flow. This, in a sense, was a more significant victory than sinking a few old cruisers; the world's most powerful fleet had been forced to abandon its home base. On 18 October,
1043:. These three vessels were not merely antiquated, but were staffed mostly by reservists, and were so clearly vulnerable that a decision to withdraw them was already filtering up through the bureaucracy of the
1194:, was criticized for not taking proper precautions during the exercises, but was cleared of the charge of negligence. Bayly later served with distinction as commander of the anti-submarine warfare forces at
1877:
that was allegedly led by two German spies. On 20 October 1918 Germany suspended submarine warfare, and on 11 November 1918, World War I ended. The last task of the U-boat Arm was in helping to quell the
5127:
2064:
The official figures give 1195 lost out of 1959, excluding three stowaways who also were lost. The figures here eliminate some repetitions from the list and people subsequently known not to be on board.
1020:, spotted a vessel on the horizon. Weddigen ordered the U-boat to submerge immediately, and the submarine went forward to investigate. At closer range, Weddigen discovered three old Royal Navy
709:
The tactical successes and failures of the Atlantic U-boat Campaign would later be used as a set of available tactics in World War II in a similar U-boat war against the British Empire.
706:
The U-boat campaign was thus not able to cut off supplies before the US entered the war in 1917 and in later 1918, the U-boat bases were abandoned in the face of the Allied advance.
4349:
1464:. A variant on the idea was to equip small vessels with a submarine escort. In 1915, three U-boats were sunk by Q-ships and two more by submarines accompanying trawlers. In June,
4364:
1369:
were sunk, a pace of destruction which was maintained throughout the summer. As the sinkings increased, so too did the number of politically damaging incidents. On 19 February,
1836:
In the summer, too, steps were taken to reduce the effectiveness of the High Seas Flotillas. In 1918, the Allies, particularly the US, undertook to create a barrage across the
4548:
486:
311:
1734:
again, and did not rise above that level for the rest of the war. At the same time, ship production increased, especially with the participation of the United States.
1267:
923:, which was lying on the surface. There was no sign of any lookouts on the U-boat and sounds of hammering could be heard, as though her crew were performing repairs.
4446:
4083:
3254:
740:
4525:
4553:
3067:
703:
were laid, and aircraft patrols monitored the U-boat bases. Increased ship construction meant the amount of Allied shipping available remained fairly stable.
4741:
4468:
4160:
3125:
4848:
106:
4756:
4511:
5466:
4751:
4441:
4392:
4307:
1289:
4595:
1764:, an attempt to blockade access to the sea. These were largely unsuccessful; the Flanders boats were able to maintain access throughout this period.
1445:
479:
1772:
1564:
Several of these operations were staged, in March and April 1916, but with no success. Ironically, the major fleet action which did take place, the
304:
1526:
There were no means to detect submerged U-boats, and attacks on them were limited to efforts to damage their periscopes with hammers and dropping
5451:
4436:
3801:
1276:, 40 people died, mainly due to panic. The U-boat's commander, Rudolf Schneider, claimed he had mistaken her for a troop transport.</ref>
5456:
5446:
3232:
5441:
5018:
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5013:
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4065:
3284:
3195:
1903:
472:
17:
6008:
4520:
3418:
2872:
1457:
Another option was arming ships for self-defence, which, according to the Germans, put them outside the protection of the cruiser rules.
1305:
297:
3095:
2285:
1607:
1005:
exploded, and the ship sank in four minutes, taking 259 of her crew with her. It was the first combat victory of the modern submarine.
531:
3425:
3077:
2619:
1075:
with two more torpedoes as the cruiser tried to flee. The three cruisers sank in less than an hour, killing 1,460 British sailors.
4746:
4678:
4516:
4503:
4460:
4369:
4095:
3904:
3811:
3713:
3471:
1817:
before it was overrun. A number of boats were scuttled there, while the remainder, just ten boats, returned to bases in Germany.
366:
6003:
5961:
5413:
5122:
5062:
4870:
4860:
4728:
1353:
suggesting the defeat of the UK using only a small number of submarines. Inspired in part by such tales, German Admirals like
5117:
4642:
4576:
4413:
4292:
3965:
2991:
2847:
2787:
2760:
2713:
2694:
2675:
2529:
2524:. Williams-Ford Texas A&M University military history series (No. 121). College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
2489:
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2451:
566:
2547:
1887:
5722:
4817:
4237:
3029:
1686:
1247:, under the command of Kapitänleutnant Johannes Feldkirchener. The operation was performed broadly in accordance with the
4588:
3547:
3052:
335:
4802:
2501:
History of the World War: Compiled from Original and Contemporary Sources: American, British, French, German, and others
4787:
4077:
3486:
3244:
1148:
5155:
4662:
4356:
4172:
3451:
2922:
2815:
1319:, despite her being clearly identifiable as a hospital ship by her white paintwork with green bands and red crosses.
762:
611:
606:
511:
5084:
3914:
3849:
2887:
1191:
5089:
4983:
4913:
4718:
4698:
4485:
4421:
4244:
4113:
3024:
2944:
2882:
1401:
3585:
1328:
1266:
became the first submarine to attack an unarmed merchant ship without warning, when she torpedoed the steamship
424:
5906:
5072:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4693:
4387:
3039:
3014:
2912:
1785:
sank one of a pair of ships detached from a convoy in the Channel, but the next day an attack on the troopship
744:
646:
419:
2548:"Navigating through torpedo attacks and enemy raiders: Merchant shipping and freight rates during World War 1"
1865:
for about an hour. This was the first time that US soil was attacked by a foreign power's artillery since the
1672:
in June 1917. As U-boats became more wary, encounters with Q-ships also became more intense. In February 1917
5023:
4688:
4683:
4647:
4581:
4473:
4319:
3909:
3761:
3299:
3227:
3158:
2927:
2897:
2892:
2804:
1908:
591:
581:
962:
5944:
4637:
4264:
4204:
4101:
4006:
3776:
3562:
3266:
3105:
3004:
1548:
1916 was a year of political struggles between opponents and proponents of unrestricted submarine warfare.
556:
541:
387:
5706:
5077:
4875:
4312:
4297:
4155:
4107:
3879:
3430:
3304:
3217:
3212:
2981:
2969:
2964:
1083:
1009:
546:
516:
5112:
3491:
5398:
4855:
4812:
4089:
3854:
3839:
3741:
3610:
3178:
3090:
3047:
1749:
In January, six U-boats were destroyed in the theatre; this also became the average loss for the year.
1582:
1442:, was executed after being captured by the Germans in June 1916, provoking international condemnation.
616:
561:
439:
2725:
5738:
5699:
5461:
4797:
4565:
4149:
4137:
3899:
3884:
3605:
3496:
3190:
3168:
2917:
2907:
2840:
1848:, during the summer of 1918. From September to November 1918, six U-boats were sunk by this measure.
1350:
449:
434:
3751:
1136:
was making her way back out to the open sea, her periscope was spotted by a guard boat. The trawler
5683:
5426:
5107:
4772:
4259:
4249:
4178:
4131:
4119:
4059:
3874:
3869:
3791:
3200:
3173:
2877:
576:
551:
380:
227:
1341:
Britons believed before the war that the United Kingdom would starve without North American food;
5954:
5476:
5147:
4843:
4835:
4777:
4537:
4232:
3995:
3829:
3824:
3756:
3615:
3600:
3595:
3575:
3456:
3333:
1874:
1768:
1195:
733:
586:
429:
5286:
3796:
1828:, a large mine field to inhibit U-boat access to the Atlantic Ocean from the approaches between
1333:
5939:
5492:
5216:
5052:
5008:
4610:
4334:
4269:
4125:
3859:
3786:
3736:
3721:
3703:
3676:
3590:
3557:
3222:
3183:
3163:
2974:
2867:
1841:
1825:
1810:
1742:
1643:
1617:
1577:
1424:
1366:
700:
669:
636:
345:
2645:
McKee, Fraser M. (January 1993). "An Explosive Story: The Rise and Fall of the Depth Charge".
1741:
A graph depicting the decline in Allied merchant shipping losses with the introduction of the
1586:
Shaded areas of the map depict the submarine warfare zone declared by Germany in February 1917
1337:
Shaded areas of the map depict the submarine warfare zone declared by Germany in February 1915
5691:
5675:
4600:
4254:
4143:
3919:
3889:
3819:
3766:
3688:
3656:
3630:
3580:
3511:
3413:
3366:
3150:
3019:
2902:
1767:
May 1918 saw the only attempt by the Germans to muster a group attack, the forerunner of the
1421:
1176:
1153:
995:
967:
913:
677:
373:
233:
197:
5855:
5667:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5321:
5057:
4950:
4865:
3552:
3526:
3476:
2833:
1879:
1002:
596:
289:
250:
5349:
3501:
1231:
became the first British merchant vessel to be sunk by a German submarine in World War I.
8:
5781:
5714:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5307:
5258:
5237:
5174:
5031:
4976:
4932:
4071:
3935:
3894:
3771:
3731:
3726:
3671:
3354:
3348:
3249:
2290:
1866:
1610:
on hospital ships, which generally sailed fully lit, to show their non-combatant status.
1420:
U-boat to attack without warning, however. On 20 March 1915, this tactic was used by the
1272:, with 2,500 Belgian refugees aboard. Although the ship did not sink, and was towed into
5342:
5181:
5160:
4885:
1696:
s captain, allowed her to be torpedoed in order to get close enough to engage. In March
5860:
5835:
5797:
5765:
5746:
5730:
5335:
5328:
5195:
4892:
4807:
4166:
4030:
4012:
3977:
3941:
3781:
3746:
3698:
3683:
3570:
3521:
3360:
3319:
2999:
2606:
2518:
1845:
1346:
1025:
897:
631:
601:
394:
5188:
2819:
2808:
1890:, the remaining U-boats joined the High Seas Fleet in surrender, and were interned at
1771:, to counter the Allied convoys. In May, six U-boats sailed, under the command of K/L
954:
encouraged the false belief that submarines were no great danger to surface warships.
5901:
5885:
5875:
5840:
5356:
5293:
5279:
5230:
4925:
4919:
4880:
4782:
4615:
4198:
4053:
4036:
3844:
3666:
3646:
3481:
3466:
3396:
3384:
3085:
3062:
3009:
2783:
2756:
2732:
2709:
2690:
2671:
2654:
2598:
2558:
2525:
2504:
2485:
2466:
2447:
1862:
1761:
1667:
1606:
As the campaign became more intense, it also became more brutal. 1917 and 1918 saw a
1565:
1520:
1508:
1502:
1465:
1433:
1280:
1106:
1044:
1032:
985:
974:
931:
just behind her conning tower. The submarine was cut in two and sank with all hands.
844:
838:
832:
826:
673:
626:
571:
444:
58:
2520:"Execute Against Japan": The U.S. Decision to Conduct Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
5998:
5789:
5408:
5314:
5244:
5202:
5044:
3983:
3953:
3947:
3864:
3693:
3661:
3651:
3390:
3314:
3309:
3237:
3057:
2957:
2625:
2590:
2067:
1752:
The Allies continued to try to block access through the Straits of Dover, with the
1090:
1078:
1047:. The order did not come soon enough for the ships. Weddigen sent one torpedo into
1038:
1021:
903:
802:
796:
536:
526:
521:
27:
Prolonged naval conflict between German submarines and the Allied navies during WWI
1820:
5773:
5300:
5167:
5067:
4792:
4632:
3971:
3531:
3506:
3205:
3113:
2952:
1883:
1679:
1657:
also deliberately drowned dozens of crewmen who had survived the sinkings of the
1558:
1549:
1378:
1183:
890:
792:
On 6 August 1914, two days after Britain had declared war on Germany, the German
401:
350:
43:
881:
s engines broke down and she was forced to return to base. On the same day, off
5272:
5265:
5223:
4969:
4625:
4605:
4276:
3989:
3834:
3625:
3516:
3372:
3276:
3259:
1870:
1829:
1757:
1650:
1439:
1225:
The first attacks on merchant ships had started in October 1914. On 20 October
691:
Initially the U-boat campaign was directed against the warships of the British
621:
5137:
1869:
in 1846 and one of two places in North America to be subject to attack by the
5992:
5921:
5911:
5820:
5471:
5370:
5363:
5251:
4736:
4024:
4018:
3461:
3378:
3289:
2736:
2658:
2602:
2562:
1891:
1858:
1837:
1753:
1661:
1530:
bombs. Use of nets to ensnare U-boats was also examined, as was a destroyer,
1409:
1358:
1314:
1311:
1248:
1017:
696:
681:
212:
121:
108:
65:
5865:
5850:
5825:
5651:
5403:
5393:
5209:
5132:
4186:
3620:
1537:
1531:
1514:
1259:
opened. It was the first time in history a submarine sank a merchant ship.
991:
866:
The U-boats sailed north, hoping to encounter Royal Navy squadrons between
665:
641:
2508:
2218:
2140:
North Atlantic run: the Royal Canadian Navy and the battle for the convoys
1715:
and was badly damaged; the U-boat escaped unscathed. And a few days later
1591:
month, Britain would be forced to sue for peace after five to six months.
1190:
sank with the loss of 547 of her crew. The C-in-C Channel Fleet, Adm. Sir
664:(sometimes called the "First Battle of the Atlantic", in reference to the
5845:
5830:
5388:
4397:
4302:
4000:
3435:
2856:
1786:
1554:
1427:
1354:
1342:
1299:
1236:
863:
warships in the North Sea in the first submarine war patrols in history.
692:
1453:, a heavily armed merchant ship, used to lure U-boats during World War I
2610:
2578:
1658:
1345:
wrote in 1901 that without it "We should be face to face with famine".
1310:
without warning, and on 1 February fired a torpedo at, but missed, the
1293:
1101:
943:
939:
860:
856:
747: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
167:
2629:
1221:
docked. The ship was the first British merchant vessel sunk by U-boats
464:
4192:
3959:
2443:
2295:
1630:
1527:
1240:
1226:
1215:
1140:
altered course and rammed the periscope, rendering it unserviceable.
1089:
Three weeks later, on 15 October, Weddigen also sank the old cruiser
882:
685:
2594:
1460:
Another option was to arm and man decoy ships with hidden guns, the
775:
722:
4452:
2820:
1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War
2809:
1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War
1852:
1797:
1776:
1611:
1381:
tanker travelling between two neutral ports; in March U-boats sank
1273:
867:
1571:
5971:
1720:
1673:
1637:
1624:
1471:
1256:
1170:
1160:
850:
820:
5966:
5870:
4992:
2013:
1814:
1803:
1461:
1450:
1389:, a Swedish and a Dutch freighter; in April two Greek vessels.
1113:
1012:. Early in the morning of that day, a lookout on the bridge of
871:
814:
808:
793:
182:
52:
2825:
1737:
5880:
4620:
2653:(1). Grafton, ON: Canadian Nautical Research Society: 45–58.
2579:"The German Naval Critique of the U-Boat Campaign, 1915–1918"
1704:
in a 40-minute gun battle, but sank before reaching harbour.
2624:(Thesis). Portland State University. Department of History.
2286:"Murdered by the German who became one of Hitler's henchmen"
2225:
1599:
U-boats. By comparison 356 were lost sailing independently.
1211:
994:
made history when he torpedoed the Royal Navy light cruiser
319:
780:
4961:
2391:
1813:, the Flanders flotilla was forced to abandon its base at
1543:
2415:
1886:
was ordered to sea for a final, doomed sortie. After the
946:
open to question. On the other hand, the ease with which
2621:
International law, German Submarines and American Policy
2025:
82:
8 August 1914 – 20 October 1918
2503:. Vol. IX. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company.
2310:
2037:
1119:, the first instance of one submarine sinking another.
2668:
Find and Destroy: Antisubmarine Warfare in World War I
2379:
2358:
2157:
2181:
2169:
2145:
2103:
2001:
1941:
1396:
was sunk, with the loss of one US life, and in April
1329:
U-boat campaign § Unrestricted submarine warfare
2403:
1953:
934:
On 12 August, seven U-boats returned to Heligoland;
2440:
The Routledge Companion to World History since 1914
1920:
1844:saw the laying of over 70,000 mines, mostly by the
1251:, the crew being ordered into the lifeboats before
2724:
2517:
1365:In the first month 29 ships totalling 89,517
1206:
1169:The last success of the year came on 31 December.
938:was also missing, and it was thought she had been
2703:
2019:
1322:
1127:These concerns were well-founded. On 23 November
5990:
1725:whose captain was suspicious of her appearance.
158:
3802:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers
2253:
2251:
2249:
203:
4977:
2841:
2437:
2409:
1100:became national heroes. Each was awarded the
480:
305:
2246:
2058:
1904:Mediterranean U-boat campaign of World War I
1561:manoeuvred to draw the Grand Fleet to them.
1122:
1008:The German U-boats were to get even luckier
5929:
4285:
2704:Prendergast, Maurice; Gibson, R.H. (2002).
672:) was the prolonged naval conflict between
4984:
4970:
2848:
2834:
487:
473:
312:
298:
51:
2576:
2463:The Killing Time: The U-boat War, 1914–18
2231:
1063:had struck a mine and came up to assist.
763:Learn how and when to remove this message
712:
241:
4084:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
2689:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.
2684:
2670:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.
2665:
2545:
2421:
2175:
2007:
1947:
1926:
1819:
1736:
1581:
1444:
1332:
1210:
1201:
1147:
1077:
961:
774:
321:Atlantic naval operations of World War I
218:
188:
173:
5004:Atlantic U-boat campaign of World War I
4461:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
2750:
2515:
2479:
2397:
2385:
2364:
2151:
2109:
1544:1916: In support of the High Seas fleet
1262:Less than a week later, on 26 October,
680:in Atlantic waters—the seas around the
662:Atlantic U-boat campaign of World War I
494:
57:A German postcard depicting the U-boat
37:Atlantic U-boat campaign of World War I
14:
5991:
2687:Verschollen: World War I U-boat losses
2617:
2498:
2187:
2043:
1959:
1243:, Norway, was stopped and searched by
927:immediately altered course and rammed
5009:Battle of the Atlantic (World War II)
4965:
4414:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia
3757:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele)
2829:
2722:
2644:
2438:Cook, Chris; Stevenson, John (2006).
2163:
2138:(T. Y. Crowell, 1969); Milner, Marc.
2031:
1572:1917: Renewed "unrestricted" campaign
1523:.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}
908:on manoeuvres and fired a torpedo at
468:
293:
4818:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
2777:
2460:
2316:
1292:, torpedoed and sank the steamships
745:adding citations to reliable sources
716:
4747:Ottomans against the Triple Entente
3548:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes
2706:The German Submarine War, 1914–1918
2555:Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
1728:
1152:German depiction of the sinking of
24:
6009:Atlantic operations of World War I
3487:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes
2771:
2708:. Penzance: Periscope Publishing.
2132:Memoirs: Ten Years and Twenty Days
1938:Gibson and Prendergast 2002, p. 2.
25:
6020:
5156:List of wolfpacks of World War II
2797:
3850:Second Battle of the Piave River
3472:Russian invasion of East Prussia
2816:Submarines and Submarine Warfare
2727:The Americanization of the World
2499:Halsey, Francis Whiting (1919).
1882:, which had broken out when the
889:sighted the British battleships
787:
721:
243:
220:
205:
190:
175:
160:
4914:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo
4114:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
2855:
2746:– via Archive Foundation.
2541:– via Archive Foundation.
2370:
2349:
2340:
2331:
2322:
2278:
2269:
2266:Tarrant 1989, p. 43, 49 and 54.
2260:
2237:
2211:
2202:
2193:
2136:The German Navy in World War II
2124:
2115:
2094:
2085:
2068:"Passenger and Crew Statistics"
2049:
1207:First attacks on merchant ships
1175:sighted the British battleship
957:
732:needs additional citations for
5907:Unrestricted submarine warfare
4737:Austria-Hungary against Serbia
4596:Deportations from East Prussia
4393:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia
2753:The U-Boat Offensive 1914–1945
2618:Manson, Janet Marilyn (1977).
2482:A Naval History of World War I
2130:Holwitt, p. 6.; Dönitz, Karl.
1992:
1983:
1974:
1965:
1932:
1802:was sunk by British submarine
1519:, the former in the notorious
1501:, and in August and September
1323:Unrestricted submarine warfare
13:
1:
6004:U-boat Campaign (World War I)
4648:Ukrainian Canadian internment
2577:Lundeberg, Philip K. (1963).
2430:
2243:Halsey, pp. 335–343, 364–366.
2134:; von der Poorten, Edward P.
2020:Prendergast & Gibson 2002
1909:U-boat Campaign (World War I)
1082:Diagram of events during the
532:Scarborough/Hartlepool/Whitby
5019:Mediterranean (World War II)
4803:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement
4102:Estonian War of Independence
3777:Southern Palestine offensive
2731:. New York: Horace Markley.
2685:Messimer, Dwight R. (2002).
18:First Battle of the Atlantic
7:
5014:Mediterranean (World War I)
4991:
4757:USA against Austria-Hungary
4156:Turkish War of Independence
4108:Latvian War of Independence
3840:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918
3431:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo
2782:. London: Arms and Armour.
2755:. London: Arms and Armour.
2142:(Vanwell Publishing, 2006).
1897:
1811:German army in full retreat
1649:in June 1918. Commanded by
1084:Action of 22 September 1914
699:and minefields such as the
10:
6025:
5399:Battle of the St. Lawrence
4840:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk
4388:1899–1923 cholera pandemic
3855:Second Battle of the Marne
3742:Second battle of the Aisne
3611:Second Battle of Champagne
3452:German invasion of Belgium
1792:led to the destruction of
1575:
1404:ship, was sunk. On 7 May,
1326:
1016:, commanded by Lieutenant
855:sailed from their base in
617:Action of 15 February 1918
269:8 million tons of shipping
5920:
5894:
5813:
5758:
5660:
5650:
5485:
5434:
5425:
5381:
5146:
5128:Knight's Cross recipients
5100:
5043:
4999:
4946:
4905:
4826:
4765:
4727:
4671:
4660:
4621:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo)
4564:
4536:
4484:
4406:
4380:
4332:
4225:
4218:
4150:Irish War of Independence
4046:
3928:
3900:Armistice of Villa Giusti
3885:Battle of Vittorio Veneto
3810:
3712:
3639:
3540:
3497:First Battle of the Marne
3444:
3406:
3341:
3332:
3275:
3149:
3138:
3104:
3076:
3038:
2990:
2943:
2936:
2863:
2666:Messimer, Dwight (2001).
2546:Klovland, Jan T. (2017).
2516:Holwitt, Joel I. (2009).
2410:Cook & Stevenson 2006
2219:"U-boat Losses 1914-1918"
1123:End of the first campaign
688:and the coast of France.
502:
368:Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse
327:
257:
149:
74:
50:
41:
36:
5723:Italian battleship
5707:Russian battleship
4773:Constantinople Agreement
4066:Armenian–Azerbaijani War
3929:Co-belligerent conflicts
3905:Second Romanian campaign
3875:Third Transjordan attack
3586:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive
3492:Battle of Grand Couronné
2805:Atlantic U-boat Campaign
2355:Tarrant 1989, pp. 61–62.
1914:
1438:. For this her captain,
990:commanded by Lieutenant
5739:French battleship
5684:French battleship
5123:World War II commanders
4836:Modus vivendi of Acroma
4788:Bulgaria–Germany treaty
4096:Greater Poland Uprising
3996:National Protection War
3880:Meuse–Argonne offensive
3830:German spring offensive
3825:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
3601:Siege of Novogeorgievsk
3576:Second Battle of Artois
3457:Battle of the Frontiers
2484:. New York: Routledge.
1875:Battle of Ambos Nogales
1497:was sunk by the Q-ship
1432:to escape an attack by
1255:was sunk by having her
1067:put two torpedoes into
5118:World War I commanders
4861:Paris Peace Conference
4849:Ukraine–Central Powers
4643:Massacres of Albanians
4611:Late Ottoman genocides
4418:Bulgarian occupations
4126:Third Anglo-Afghan War
4090:Hungarian–Romanian War
3915:Naval Victory Bulletin
3910:Armistice with Germany
3860:Hundred Days Offensive
3787:Battle of La Malmaison
3737:Second battle of Arras
3704:Battle of Transylvania
3558:Second Battle of Ypres
3426:Sarajevo assassination
3315:South African Republic
2751:Tarrant, V.E. (1989).
2480:Halpern, Paul (1995).
2072:The Lusitania Resource
1842:North Sea Mine Barrage
1833:
1826:North Sea Mine Barrage
1746:
1587:
1578:Convoys in World War I
1454:
1338:
1222:
1166:
1086:
981:
950:had been destroyed by
874:. On 8 August, one of
784:
713:1914: Initial campaign
701:North Sea Mine Barrage
4871:Treaty of St. Germain
4844:Russia–Central Powers
4798:Sykes–Picot Agreement
4626:Pontic Greek genocide
4601:Destruction of Kalisz
4577:Eastern Mediterranean
4138:Polish–Lithuanian War
3920:Armistice of Belgrade
3890:Armistice of Salonica
3820:Operation Faustschlag
3767:Third Battle of Oituz
3689:Baranovichi offensive
3657:Lake Naroch offensive
3631:Battle of Robat Karim
3606:Vistula–Bug offensive
3581:Battles of the Isonzo
3512:First Battle of Ypres
2723:Stead, W. T. (1901).
2257:Tarrant 1989, p. 148.
2199:Halpern 1995, p. 329.
2100:Messimer 2001, p. 31.
1861:and took part in the
1823:
1740:
1585:
1576:Further information:
1448:
1422:Great Eastern Railway
1349:wrote a short story,
1336:
1327:Further information:
1214:
1202:1915: War on commerce
1182:on manoeuvres in the
1151:
1081:
984:On 5 September 1914,
965:
778:
258:Casualties and losses
5856:Metox radar detector
5078:Uncompleted projects
4866:Treaty of Versailles
4582:Mount Lebanon famine
4497:in the United States
4465:Russian occupations
4179:Turkish–Armenian War
4120:Polish–Ukrainian War
4060:Ukrainian–Soviet War
4007:Central Asian Revolt
3797:Armistice of Focșani
3527:Battle of Sarikamish
3477:Battle of Tannenberg
2873:Military engagements
2647:The Northern Mariner
2461:Grey, Edwyn (1972).
2376:Halsey, pp. 371–378.
2346:Tarrant 1989, p. 75.
2121:Halsey, pp. 310–312.
2091:Halsey, pp. 248–282.
1998:Halsey, pp. 221–222.
1989:Messimer, pp. 36–37.
1980:Halsey, pp. 217–218.
1971:Halsey, pp. 212–217.
1880:Wilhelmshaven mutiny
1873:. The other was the
1636:in January 1918 and
1279:On 30 January 1915,
980:on 5 September 1914.
741:improve this article
607:2nd Heligoland Bight
512:1st Heligoland Bight
4933:They shall not pass
4856:Treaty of Bucharest
4813:Treaty of Bucharest
4752:USA against Germany
4729:Declarations of war
4433:German occupations
4346:British casualties
4205:Soviet–Georgian War
4132:Egyptian Revolution
4072:Armeno-Georgian War
3936:Somaliland campaign
3895:Armistice of Mudros
3772:Battle of Caporetto
3762:Battle of Mărășești
3732:Zimmermann telegram
3727:February Revolution
3672:Battle of the Somme
3596:Bug-Narew Offensive
3571:Battle of Gallipoli
3563:Sinking of the RMS
3355:Scramble for Africa
3349:Franco-Prussian War
3005:Sinai and Palestine
2778:Kemp, Paul (1997).
2400:, pp. 438–441.
2319:, pp. 177–179.
2291:Southern Daily Echo
2234:, pp. 111–112.
2208:Manson 1977, p. 374
2034:, pp. 348–349.
1867:Siege of Fort Texas
1186:and torpedoed her.
612:11–12 December 1917
496:North Sea 1914–1918
234:Other Allied navies
118: /
5836:FuG 200 Hohentwiel
4893:Treaty of Lausanne
4808:Paris Economy Pact
4742:UK against Germany
4672:Entry into the war
4638:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan)
4357:Ottoman casualties
4167:Franco-Turkish War
4047:Post-War conflicts
4031:Russian Revolution
4013:Invasion of Darfur
3978:Kelantan rebellion
3966:Kurdish rebellions
3942:Mexican Revolution
3782:October Revolution
3747:Kerensky offensive
3722:Capture of Baghdad
3699:Monastir offensive
3684:Brusilov offensive
3522:Battle of Kolubara
3361:Russo-Japanese War
2803:Abbatiello, John:
2465:. London: Seeley.
2328:Grey 1972, p. 194.
2275:Grey 1972, p. 243.
1846:United States Navy
1834:
1758:raids on Zeebrugge
1747:
1666:in April 1917 and
1588:
1455:
1347:Arthur Conan Doyle
1339:
1223:
1167:
1096:, and the crew of
1087:
1051:. The captains of
982:
785:
779:German U-boats at
5986:
5985:
5982:
5981:
5902:Submarine warfare
5876:Sieglinde (decoy)
5809:
5808:
5725:Regina Margherita
5646:
5645:
5382:Major engagements
4959:
4958:
4942:
4941:
4926:The Golden Virgin
4920:Mutilated victory
4901:
4900:
4881:Treaty of Trianon
4876:Treaty of Neuilly
4783:Damascus Protocol
4656:
4655:
4616:Armenian genocide
4573:Allied blockades
4545:Belgian refugees
4328:
4327:
4238:Strategic bombing
4214:
4213:
4199:Franco-Syrian War
4173:Greco-Turkish War
4161:Anglo-Turkish War
4144:Polish–Soviet War
4078:German Revolution
4054:Russian Civil War
4037:Finnish Civil War
3870:Battle of Megiddo
3845:Battle of Goychay
3792:Battle of Cambrai
3752:Battle of Mărăști
3667:Battle of Jutland
3647:Erzurum offensive
3502:Siege of Przemyśl
3482:Siege of Tsingtao
3467:Battle of Galicia
3397:Second Balkan War
3385:Italo-Turkish War
3342:Pre-War conflicts
3328:
3327:
3218:Portuguese Empire
3134:
3133:
3096:German New Guinea
3078:Asian and Pacific
2789:978-1-85409-515-2
2780:U-Boats Destroyed
2762:978-0-85368-928-7
2715:978-1-904381-08-2
2696:978-1-55750-475-3
2677:978-1-55750-447-0
2630:10.15760/etd.2489
2531:978-1-60344-083-7
2491:978-1-85728-498-0
2472:978-0-85422-070-0
2453:978-1-134-28178-7
2424:, pp. 50–54.
2166:, pp. 46–47.
2046:, pp. 70–71.
1863:Attack on Orleans
1685:, but only after
1646:Llandovery Castle
1620:Gloucester Castle
1608:series of attacks
1566:Battle of Jutland
1521:Baralong Incident
1269:Admiral Ganteaume
1022:armoured cruisers
773:
772:
765:
674:German submarines
655:
654:
517:22 September 1914
462:
461:
457:
456:
341:U-boat operations
288:
287:
145:
144:
16:(Redirected from
6016:
5927:
5926:
5658:
5657:
5432:
5431:
5427:U-boat flotillas
5085:Austro-Hungarian
5068:Foreign captured
4986:
4979:
4972:
4963:
4962:
4886:Treaty of Sèvres
4778:Treaty of London
4669:
4668:
4447:Northeast France
4378:
4377:
4350:Parliamentarians
4283:
4282:
4245:Chemical weapons
4223:
4222:
3984:Senussi campaign
3954:Muscat rebellion
3948:Maritz rebellion
3865:Vardar offensive
3694:Battle of Romani
3662:Battle of Asiago
3652:Battle of Verdun
3616:Kosovo offensive
3391:First Balkan War
3339:
3338:
3238:Russian Republic
3147:
3146:
2941:
2940:
2883:Economic history
2850:
2843:
2836:
2827:
2826:
2814:Karau, Mark D.:
2793:
2766:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2730:
2719:
2700:
2681:
2662:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2614:
2583:Military Affairs
2573:
2571:
2569:
2552:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2523:
2512:
2495:
2476:
2457:
2425:
2419:
2413:
2407:
2401:
2395:
2389:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2368:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2347:
2344:
2338:
2335:
2329:
2326:
2320:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2282:
2276:
2273:
2267:
2264:
2258:
2255:
2244:
2241:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2200:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2113:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2092:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2062:
2056:
2053:
2047:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2023:
2017:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1990:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1939:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1729:1918: Final year
1711:was attacked by
1695:
1536:, fitted with a
1477:while attacking
1001:. The cruiser's
880:
768:
761:
757:
754:
748:
725:
717:
592:2nd Dover Strait
582:1st Dover Strait
562:29 February 1916
547:Noordhinder Bank
497:
489:
482:
475:
466:
465:
440:17 November 1917
420:Falkland Islands
330:
329:
322:
314:
307:
300:
291:
290:
253:
249:
247:
246:
230:
226:
224:
223:
215:
211:
209:
208:
200:
196:
194:
193:
185:
181:
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178:
170:
166:
164:
163:
133:
132:
130:
129:
128:
123:
119:
116:
115:
114:
111:
93:
91:
87:
76:
75:
55:
34:
33:
21:
6024:
6023:
6019:
6018:
6017:
6015:
6014:
6013:
5989:
5988:
5987:
5978:
5916:
5890:
5805:
5754:
5642:
5481:
5421:
5377:
5142:
5096:
5063:Most successful
5039:
4995:
4990:
4960:
4955:
4938:
4897:
4829:
4822:
4793:Treaty of Darin
4761:
4723:
4679:Austria-Hungary
4665:
4652:
4633:Rape of Belgium
4560:
4532:
4480:
4474:Western Armenia
4469:Eastern Galicia
4402:
4376:
4340:
4339:Civilian impact
4338:
4324:
4281:
4210:
4042:
3972:Ovambo Uprising
3924:
3806:
3708:
3635:
3553:Battle of Łomża
3536:
3532:Christmas truce
3507:Race to the Sea
3440:
3402:
3324:
3295:Austria-Hungary
3271:
3206:Empire of Japan
3143:
3141:
3130:
3114:U-boat campaign
3100:
3072:
3034:
2986:
2932:
2913:Popular culture
2859:
2854:
2800:
2790:
2774:
2772:Further reading
2769:
2763:
2741:
2739:
2716:
2697:
2678:
2635:
2633:
2595:10.2307/1984204
2567:
2565:
2550:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2492:
2473:
2454:
2433:
2428:
2420:
2416:
2408:
2404:
2396:
2392:
2384:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2350:
2345:
2341:
2337:Klovland, p. 8.
2336:
2332:
2327:
2323:
2315:
2311:
2301:
2299:
2298:. 1 August 2017
2294:. Southampton:
2284:
2283:
2279:
2274:
2270:
2265:
2261:
2256:
2247:
2242:
2238:
2230:
2226:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2186:
2182:
2174:
2170:
2162:
2158:
2150:
2146:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2090:
2086:
2076:
2074:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2055:Halsey, p. 236.
2054:
2050:
2042:
2038:
2030:
2026:
2018:
2014:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1958:
1954:
1946:
1942:
1937:
1933:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1900:
1884:High Seas Fleet
1824:Diagram of the
1731:
1693:
1687:Gordon Campbell
1623:in March 1917,
1580:
1574:
1559:High Seas fleet
1550:Reinhard Scheer
1546:
1493:. Also in July
1491:Princess Louise
1449:Depiction of a
1392:In March also,
1331:
1325:
1287:Kapitänleutnant
1285:, commanded by
1209:
1204:
1184:English Channel
1125:
1071:, and then hit
1010:on 22 September
966:The sinking of
960:
878:
790:
783:, February 1914
769:
758:
752:
749:
738:
726:
715:
658:
657:
656:
651:
647:24 October 1918
557:2nd Dogger Bank
542:1st Dogger Bank
507:U-Boat Campaign
498:
495:
493:
463:
458:
450:14 October 1918
435:15 October 1917
425:16 January 1916
351:Northern Patrol
323:
320:
318:
284:
272:
244:
242:
238:
221:
219:
206:
204:
191:
189:
176:
174:
161:
159:
126:
124:
120:
117:
112:
109:
107:
105:
104:
103:
89:
85:
83:
56:
44:U-boat campaign
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6022:
6012:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5984:
5983:
5980:
5979:
5977:
5976:
5975:
5974:
5969:
5959:
5958:
5957:
5949:
5948:
5947:
5942:
5933:
5931:
5924:
5918:
5917:
5915:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5898:
5896:
5892:
5891:
5889:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5817:
5815:
5811:
5810:
5807:
5806:
5804:
5803:
5795:
5787:
5779:
5771:
5762:
5760:
5756:
5755:
5753:
5752:
5744:
5736:
5728:
5720:
5712:
5704:
5697:
5689:
5681:
5673:
5664:
5662:
5655:
5648:
5647:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5489:
5487:
5483:
5482:
5480:
5479:
5477:Constantinople
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5438:
5436:
5429:
5423:
5422:
5420:
5419:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5385:
5383:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5375:
5368:
5361:
5354:
5347:
5340:
5333:
5326:
5319:
5312:
5305:
5298:
5291:
5284:
5277:
5270:
5263:
5256:
5249:
5242:
5235:
5228:
5221:
5214:
5207:
5200:
5193:
5186:
5179:
5172:
5165:
5158:
5152:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5104:
5102:
5098:
5097:
5095:
5094:
5093:
5092:
5082:
5081:
5080:
5075:
5073:Never deployed
5070:
5065:
5060:
5049:
5047:
5041:
5040:
5038:
5037:
5029:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5000:
4997:
4996:
4989:
4988:
4981:
4974:
4966:
4957:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4947:
4944:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4936:
4929:
4922:
4917:
4909:
4907:
4903:
4902:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4895:
4890:
4889:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4858:
4853:
4852:
4851:
4846:
4838:
4832:
4830:
4828:Peace treaties
4827:
4824:
4823:
4821:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4769:
4767:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4733:
4731:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4721:
4716:
4714:United Kingdom
4711:
4706:
4704:Ottoman Empire
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4675:
4673:
4666:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4608:
4606:Sack of Dinant
4603:
4598:
4593:
4592:
4591:
4586:
4585:
4584:
4570:
4568:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4557:
4556:
4554:United Kingdom
4551:
4542:
4540:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4514:
4508:POW locations
4506:
4501:
4500:
4499:
4490:
4488:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4476:
4471:
4463:
4458:
4457:
4456:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4431:
4430:
4429:
4424:
4416:
4410:
4408:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4384:
4382:
4375:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4359:
4354:
4353:
4352:
4343:
4341:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4322:
4317:
4316:
4315:
4308:United Kingdom
4305:
4303:Ottoman Empire
4300:
4295:
4289:
4287:
4280:
4279:
4277:Trench warfare
4274:
4273:
4272:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4229:
4227:
4220:
4216:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4208:
4202:
4196:
4190:
4184:
4183:
4182:
4176:
4170:
4164:
4153:
4147:
4141:
4135:
4129:
4123:
4117:
4111:
4105:
4099:
4093:
4087:
4081:
4075:
4069:
4063:
4057:
4050:
4048:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4040:
4034:
4028:
4022:
4016:
4010:
4004:
3998:
3993:
3990:Volta-Bani War
3987:
3981:
3975:
3969:
3963:
3957:
3951:
3945:
3939:
3932:
3930:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3835:Zeebrugge Raid
3832:
3827:
3822:
3816:
3814:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3718:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3680:
3679:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3626:Battle of Loos
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3544:
3542:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3517:Black Sea raid
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3448:
3446:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3419:Historiography
3410:
3408:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3394:
3388:
3382:
3376:
3373:Bosnian Crisis
3370:
3367:Tangier Crisis
3364:
3358:
3352:
3345:
3343:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3300:Ottoman Empire
3297:
3292:
3287:
3281:
3279:
3277:Central Powers
3273:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3260:British Empire
3255:United Kingdom
3252:
3247:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3233:Russian Empire
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3151:Entente Powers
3144:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3119:North Atlantic
3110:
3108:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3082:
3080:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3044:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3030:Central Arabia
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2996:
2994:
2992:Middle Eastern
2988:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2967:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2949:
2947:
2938:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2893:Historiography
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2853:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2812:
2799:
2798:External links
2796:
2795:
2794:
2788:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2761:
2748:
2720:
2714:
2701:
2695:
2682:
2676:
2663:
2642:
2615:
2574:
2543:
2530:
2513:
2496:
2490:
2477:
2471:
2458:
2452:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2414:
2402:
2390:
2388:, p. 427.
2378:
2369:
2367:, p. 407.
2357:
2348:
2339:
2330:
2321:
2309:
2277:
2268:
2259:
2245:
2236:
2232:Lundeberg 1963
2224:
2210:
2201:
2192:
2190:, p. 355.
2180:
2168:
2156:
2144:
2123:
2114:
2102:
2093:
2084:
2057:
2048:
2036:
2024:
2012:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1973:
1964:
1962:, p. 223.
1952:
1940:
1931:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1906:
1899:
1896:
1871:Central Powers
1851:In July 1918,
1830:Orkney Islands
1730:
1727:
1669:Belgian Prince
1651:Wilhelm Werner
1573:
1570:
1545:
1542:
1499:Prince Charles
1481:, and in July
1440:Charles Fryatt
1402:Belgian Relief
1324:
1321:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1124:
1121:
959:
956:
789:
786:
771:
770:
729:
727:
720:
714:
711:
653:
652:
650:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
577:19 August 1916
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
503:
500:
499:
492:
491:
484:
477:
469:
460:
459:
455:
454:
453:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
414:
413:
409:
408:
407:
406:
399:
392:
385:
378:
371:
361:
360:
356:
355:
354:
353:
348:
343:
338:
328:
325:
324:
317:
316:
309:
302:
294:
286:
285:
283:
282:
279:
275:
273:
271:
270:
267:
263:
260:
259:
255:
254:
239:
237:
236:
231:
216:
201:
186:
171:
168:United Kingdom
155:
152:
151:
147:
146:
143:
142:
141:Allied victory
139:
135:
134:
102:Atlantic Ocean
101:
99:
95:
94:
80:
72:
71:
48:
47:
46:of World War I
39:
38:
32:
31:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6021:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5994:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5964:
5963:
5960:
5956:
5953:
5952:
5950:
5946:
5945:Saint-Nazaire
5943:
5941:
5938:
5937:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5919:
5913:
5912:Rocket U-boat
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5899:
5897:
5893:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5821:Anechoic tile
5819:
5818:
5816:
5812:
5802:
5801:
5796:
5794:
5793:
5788:
5786:
5785:
5780:
5778:
5777:
5772:
5770:
5769:
5764:
5763:
5761:
5757:
5751:
5750:
5745:
5743:
5742:
5737:
5735:
5734:
5729:
5727:
5726:
5721:
5719:
5718:
5713:
5711:
5710:
5705:
5703:
5702:
5698:
5696:
5695:
5690:
5688:
5687:
5682:
5680:
5679:
5674:
5672:
5671:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5659:
5656:
5653:
5652:Capital ships
5649:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5488:
5484:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5439:
5437:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5424:
5418:
5416:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5380:
5374:
5373:
5369:
5367:
5366:
5362:
5360:
5359:
5355:
5353:
5352:
5348:
5346:
5345:
5341:
5339:
5338:
5334:
5332:
5331:
5327:
5325:
5324:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5313:
5311:
5310:
5306:
5304:
5303:
5299:
5297:
5296:
5292:
5290:
5289:
5285:
5283:
5282:
5278:
5276:
5275:
5271:
5269:
5268:
5264:
5262:
5261:
5257:
5255:
5254:
5250:
5248:
5247:
5243:
5241:
5240:
5236:
5234:
5233:
5229:
5227:
5226:
5222:
5220:
5219:
5215:
5213:
5212:
5208:
5206:
5205:
5201:
5199:
5198:
5194:
5192:
5191:
5187:
5185:
5184:
5180:
5178:
5177:
5173:
5171:
5170:
5166:
5164:
5163:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5099:
5091:
5088:
5087:
5086:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5054:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5046:
5042:
5036:
5035:
5030:
5028:
5027:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5001:
4998:
4994:
4987:
4982:
4980:
4975:
4973:
4968:
4967:
4964:
4952:
4949:
4948:
4945:
4935:
4934:
4930:
4928:
4927:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4911:
4910:
4908:
4904:
4894:
4891:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4833:
4831:
4825:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4764:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4732:
4730:
4726:
4720:
4719:United States
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4670:
4667:
4664:
4659:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4590:
4587:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4487:
4483:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4405:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4379:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4336:
4331:
4321:
4320:United States
4318:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4284:
4278:
4275:
4271:
4270:Convoy system
4268:
4267:
4266:
4265:Naval warfare
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4206:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4185:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4103:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4085:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4045:
4038:
4035:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4025:Kaocen revolt
4023:
4020:
4019:Easter Rising
4017:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3927:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3591:Great Retreat
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3539:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3462:Battle of Cer
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3405:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3379:Agadir Crisis
3377:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3331:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3274:
3268:
3267:United States
3265:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3184:French Empire
3182:
3181:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3145:
3137:
3127:
3126:Mediterranean
3124:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3106:Naval warfare
3103:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3075:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2983:
2982:Italian Front
2980:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2970:Eastern Front
2968:
2966:
2965:Western Front
2963:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2939:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2923:Puppet states
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2858:
2851:
2846:
2844:
2839:
2837:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2801:
2791:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2775:
2764:
2758:
2754:
2749:
2738:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2721:
2717:
2711:
2707:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2688:
2683:
2679:
2673:
2669:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2643:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2622:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2575:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2544:
2533:
2527:
2522:
2521:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2474:
2468:
2464:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2436:
2435:
2423:
2422:Klovland 2017
2418:
2411:
2406:
2399:
2394:
2387:
2382:
2373:
2366:
2361:
2352:
2343:
2334:
2325:
2318:
2313:
2297:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2281:
2272:
2263:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2240:
2233:
2228:
2220:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2189:
2184:
2177:
2176:Klovland 2017
2172:
2165:
2160:
2154:, p. 24.
2153:
2148:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2127:
2118:
2112:, p. 93.
2111:
2106:
2097:
2088:
2073:
2069:
2061:
2052:
2045:
2040:
2033:
2028:
2022:, p. 21.
2021:
2016:
2010:, p. 15.
2009:
2008:Messimer 2001
2004:
1995:
1986:
1977:
1968:
1961:
1956:
1950:, p. 34.
1949:
1948:Messimer 2002
1944:
1935:
1928:
1927:Klovland 2017
1923:
1919:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1859:Massachusetts
1856:
1855:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1838:Norwegian Sea
1831:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1784:
1781:. On 11 May,
1780:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1754:Dover Barrage
1750:
1744:
1743:convoy system
1739:
1735:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1635:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1584:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1513:were sunk by
1512:
1511:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1360:
1359:Hugo von Pohl
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1335:
1330:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1312:hospital ship
1309:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1290:Otto Dröscher
1288:
1284:
1283:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1249:cruiser rules
1246:
1242:
1238:
1235:, bound from
1234:
1230:
1229:
1220:
1219:
1213:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1165:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1150:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1029:
1023:
1019:
1018:Otto Weddigen
1015:
1011:
1006:
1004:
1000:
999:
993:
989:
988:
979:
978:
972:
971:
964:
955:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
932:
930:
926:
922:
918:
917:
911:
907:
906:
901:
900:
895:
894:
888:
884:
877:
873:
869:
864:
862:
858:
854:
853:
848:
847:
842:
841:
836:
835:
830:
829:
824:
823:
818:
817:
812:
811:
806:
805:
800:
799:
795:
788:First patrols
782:
777:
767:
764:
756:
746:
742:
736:
735:
730:This section
728:
724:
719:
718:
710:
707:
704:
702:
698:
697:Dover Barrage
694:
689:
687:
683:
682:British Isles
679:
678:Allied navies
675:
671:
667:
663:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
587:16 March 1917
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
504:
501:
490:
485:
483:
478:
476:
471:
470:
467:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
430:10 March 1917
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
417:
416:
415:
411:
410:
405:
404:
400:
398:
397:
393:
391:
390:
386:
384:
383:
379:
377:
376:
375:Cap Trafalgar
372:
370:
369:
365:
364:
363:
362:
358:
357:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
332:
331:
326:
315:
310:
308:
303:
301:
296:
295:
292:
280:
277:
276:
274:
268:
265:
264:
262:
261:
256:
252:
240:
235:
232:
229:
217:
214:
213:United States
202:
199:
187:
184:
172:
169:
157:
156:
154:
153:
148:
140:
137:
136:
131:
100:
97:
96:
81:
78:
77:
73:
70:
69:
63:
62:
54:
49:
45:
40:
35:
30:
19:
5930:World War II
5866:Pillenwerfer
5851:Mark 24 mine
5826:Depth charge
5799:
5791:
5783:
5775:
5767:
5759:World War II
5748:
5740:
5732:
5724:
5716:
5708:
5700:
5693:
5685:
5677:
5669:
5486:World War II
5414:
5404:Convoy ONS 5
5394:Convoy PQ 17
5371:
5364:
5357:
5350:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5322:
5315:
5308:
5301:
5294:
5287:
5280:
5273:
5266:
5259:
5252:
5245:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5217:
5210:
5203:
5196:
5189:
5182:
5175:
5168:
5161:
5133:Erich Raeder
5045:U-boat lists
5033:
5025:
5003:
4931:
4924:
4912:
4519: /
4451:
4286:Conscription
4250:Cryptography
4187:Iraqi Revolt
3621:Siege of Kut
3564:
3142:participants
3118:
3091:German Samoa
3025:South Arabia
2779:
2752:
2740:. Retrieved
2726:
2705:
2686:
2667:
2650:
2646:
2634:. Retrieved
2620:
2586:
2582:
2566:. Retrieved
2554:
2535:. Retrieved
2519:
2500:
2481:
2462:
2439:
2417:
2412:, p. 21
2405:
2398:Halpern 1995
2393:
2386:Halpern 1995
2381:
2372:
2365:Halpern 1995
2360:
2351:
2342:
2333:
2324:
2312:
2300:. Retrieved
2289:
2280:
2271:
2262:
2239:
2227:
2213:
2204:
2195:
2183:
2178:, p. 8.
2171:
2159:
2152:Tarrant 1989
2147:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2117:
2110:Holwitt 2009
2105:
2096:
2087:
2075:. Retrieved
2071:
2060:
2051:
2039:
2027:
2015:
2003:
1994:
1985:
1976:
1967:
1955:
1943:
1934:
1922:
1853:
1850:
1835:
1805:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1782:
1777:
1773:Claus Rücker
1766:
1751:
1748:
1732:
1721:
1719:was sunk by
1716:
1712:
1708:
1706:
1701:
1697:
1690:
1681:
1678:was sunk by
1674:
1668:
1662:
1654:
1645:
1638:
1632:
1625:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1563:
1547:
1538:spar torpedo
1532:
1525:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1485:was sunk by
1482:
1478:
1473:
1470:was sunk by
1466:
1459:
1456:
1434:
1428:
1418:
1411:
1405:
1397:
1393:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1374:
1370:
1364:
1340:
1315:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1286:
1281:
1278:
1268:
1263:
1261:
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1244:
1232:
1227:
1224:
1217:
1187:
1178:
1171:
1168:
1162:
1155:
1141:
1138:Dorothy Gray
1137:
1133:
1128:
1126:
1115:
1108:
1097:
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1039:
1033:
1027:
1013:
1007:
997:
992:Otto Hersing
986:
983:
976:
969:
958:First action
951:
947:
935:
933:
928:
924:
920:
915:
909:
904:
898:
892:
886:
875:
865:
851:
845:
839:
833:
827:
821:
815:
809:
803:
797:
791:
759:
750:
739:Please help
734:verification
731:
708:
705:
690:
670:of that name
666:World War II
661:
659:
637:Mine Barrage
567:2nd Yarmouth
552:Lowca/Parton
527:1st Yarmouth
506:
445:21 July 1918
402:
395:
388:
381:
374:
367:
340:
150:Belligerents
67:
60:
42:Part of the
29:
5846:Leigh light
5831:Elektroboot
5661:World War I
5435:World War I
5389:Convoy SC 7
5323:Steinbrinck
5138:Karl Dönitz
4549:Netherlands
4526:Switzerland
4407:Occupations
4398:Spanish flu
4175:(1919–1922)
4169:(1918–1921)
4163:(1918–1923)
4152:(1919–1921)
4146:(1919–1921)
4140:(1919–1920)
4116:(1918–1920)
4110:(1918–1920)
4104:(1918–1920)
4086:(1918–1920)
4068:(1918–1920)
4062:(1917–1921)
4056:(1917–1921)
4003:(1916-1918)
4001:Arab Revolt
3992:(1915–1917)
3986:(1915–1917)
3974:(1914-1917)
3968:(1914–1917)
3962:(1914–1921)
3956:(1913–1920)
3944:(1910–1920)
3938:(1900–1920)
3436:July Crisis
3357:(1880–1914)
3020:Mesopotamia
2898:Home fronts
2857:World War I
2188:Manson 1977
2044:Manson 1977
1960:Halsey 1919
1691:Farnborough
1682:Farnborough
1659:cargo ships
1555:Grand Fleet
1355:von Tirpitz
1343:W. T. Stead
1237:Grangemouth
1192:Lewis Bayly
753:August 2011
693:Grand Fleet
278:178 U-boats
266:4,000 ships
125: /
5993:Categories
5814:Technology
5784:Courageous
5694:Formidable
5678:Cornwallis
5309:Schlieffen
5260:Pfadfinder
5239:Kreuzotter
5176:Delphin II
5101:Commanders
5032:Operation
5026:Regenbogen
5024:Operation
4766:Agreements
4566:War crimes
4442:Luxembourg
4335:Casualties
3213:Montenegro
3048:South West
2928:Technology
2918:Propaganda
2908:Opposition
2442:. London:
2431:References
2164:McKee 1993
2032:Stead 1901
1857:sailed to
1663:Torrington
1644:HMHS
1631:HMHS
1618:HMHS
1489:attacking
1373:torpedoed
1196:Queenstown
1188:Formidable
1179:Formidable
1156:Formidable
1102:Iron Cross
998:Pathfinder
970:Pathfinder
952:Birmingham
944:Scapa Flow
925:Birmingham
916:Birmingham
861:Royal Navy
859:to attack
857:Heligoland
632:2nd Ostend
627:1st Ostend
597:4 May 1917
90:1918-10-20
86:1914-08-08
5861:Mousetrap
5800:Royal Oak
5798:HMS
5790:HMS
5782:HMS
5774:HMS
5768:Ark Royal
5766:HMS
5747:HMS
5731:HMS
5715:HMS
5692:HMS
5676:HMS
5670:Britannia
5668:HMS
5409:Black May
5337:Streitaxt
5330:Siegfried
5197:Eisteufel
5148:Wolfpacks
5034:Deadlight
4663:Diplomacy
4370:Olympians
4293:Australia
4260:Logistics
4193:Vlora War
4122:(1918–19)
4098:(1918–19)
4092:(1918–19)
4080:(1918–19)
4027:(1916–17)
4009:(1916–17)
3960:Zaian War
3950:(1914–15)
3677:first day
3565:Lusitania
3393:(1912–13)
3387:(1911–12)
3375:(1908–09)
3369:(1905–06)
3351:(1870–71)
3140:Principal
3000:Gallipoli
2903:Memorials
2888:Geography
2878:Aftermath
2742:16 August
2737:458560597
2659:1183-112X
2636:26 August
2603:0026-3931
2568:26 August
2563:0804-6824
2537:26 August
2444:Routledge
2317:Grey 1972
2296:Newsquest
1888:Armistice
1832:to Norway
1804:HMS
1787:RMS
1769:wolf-pack
1707:In April
1680:HMS
1528:guncotton
1472:HMS
1412:Lusitania
1410:RMS
1398:Harpalyce
1241:Stavanger
1177:HMS
1154:HMS
1091:HMS
1045:Admiralty
1026:HMS
996:HMS
968:HMS
919:sighting
914:HMS
891:HMS
883:Fair Isle
686:North Sea
668:campaign
622:Zeebrugge
389:Lusitania
382:Gulflight
281:5,000 men
68:Lusitania
66:RMS
5955:Valentin
5951:Germany
5895:Concepts
5841:Hedgehog
5717:Majestic
5709:Peresvet
5462:Flanders
5415:Bismarck
5358:Weddigen
5351:Vorwärts
5295:Rossbach
5281:Raubgraf
5218:Hartmann
4951:Category
4538:Refugees
4504:Italians
4493:Germans
4453:Ober Ost
4233:Aviation
3334:Timeline
3305:Bulgaria
3086:Tsingtao
3063:Togoland
3010:Caucasus
2945:European
2937:Theatres
2077:27 April
1898:See also
1796:, while
1616:damaged
1533:Starfish
1516:Baralong
1479:Taranaki
1429:Brussels
1375:Belridge
1316:Asturias
1301:Tokomaru
1274:Boulogne
1257:seacocks
1059:assumed
1003:magazine
868:Shetland
676:and the
537:Cuxhaven
403:Carolina
396:Baralong
336:Blockade
122:0°N 25°W
98:Location
88: –
64:sinking
5999:U-boats
5972:Dora II
5940:Lorient
5936:France
5886:Snorkel
5749:Triumph
5741:Suffren
5733:Russell
5701:Gaulois
5493:Regions
5467:Kurland
5344:Tümmler
5316:Seewolf
5246:Leuthen
5232:Kiebitz
5204:Endrass
5183:Dränger
5162:Blücher
5090:Classes
4993:U-boats
4689:Germany
4589:Germany
4517:Germany
4437:Belgium
4422:Albania
4381:Disease
4361:Sports
4313:Ireland
4226:Warfare
4219:Aspects
3414:Origins
3407:Prelude
3310:Senussi
3290:Germany
3285:Leaders
3223:Romania
3164:Belgium
3159:Leaders
3058:Kamerun
3040:African
2975:Romania
2953:Balkans
2868:Outline
2611:1984204
1892:Harwich
1789:Olympic
1745:in 1917
1709:Heather
1379:neutral
1351:Danger!
1218:Gliltra
1061:Aboukir
1049:Aboukir
1028:Aboukir
910:Monarch
899:Monarch
794:U-boats
642:Tondern
602:Lerwick
572:Jutland
412:Actions
359:Attacks
346:Convoys
251:Germany
84: (
5967:Dora I
5962:Norway
5871:Q-ship
5776:Barham
5686:Danton
5302:Schill
5288:Rösing
5190:Eisbär
5169:Borkum
5053:German
4709:Russia
4684:France
4512:Canada
4427:Serbia
4298:Canada
4255:Horses
4207:(1921)
4201:(1920)
4195:(1920)
4189:(1920)
4181:(1920)
4134:(1919)
4128:(1919)
4074:(1918)
4039:(1918)
4033:(1917)
4021:(1916)
4015:(1916)
3980:(1915)
3399:(1913)
3381:(1911)
3363:(1905)
3320:Darfur
3245:Serbia
3228:Russia
3191:Greece
3179:France
3169:Brazil
3015:Persia
2958:Serbia
2818:, in:
2807:, in:
2786:
2759:
2735:
2712:
2693:
2674:
2657:
2632:. 2492
2609:
2601:
2561:
2528:
2509:312834
2507:
2488:
2469:
2450:
1815:Bruges
1762:Ostend
1698:Privet
1462:Q-ship
1451:Q-ship
1425:packet
1394:Falaba
1307:Oriole
1295:Ikaria
1253:Glitra
1233:Glitra
1228:Glitra
1073:Cressy
1057:Cressy
1037:, and
1034:Cressy
902:, and
872:Bergen
849:, and
684:, the
248:
228:Brazil
225:
210:
198:France
195:
183:Canada
180:
165:
138:Result
127:0; -25
5922:Bases
5881:Sonar
5792:Eagle
5417:chase
5274:Prien
5267:Pfeil
5225:Hecht
5058:Types
4906:Other
4699:Japan
4694:Italy
4521:camps
4365:Rugby
3201:Japan
3196:Italy
3174:China
3068:North
2607:JSTOR
2589:(3).
2551:(PDF)
2302:9 May
1915:Notes
1854:U-156
1799:UB-72
1794:U-103
1778:U-103
1717:Tulip
1700:sank
1694:'
1642:sank
1629:sank
1613:UB-32
1408:sank
1387:Medea
1383:Hanna
1112:sank
1093:Hawke
1069:Hogue
1053:Hogue
1040:Hogue
940:mined
905:Orion
879:'
522:Texel
5654:sunk
5472:Pola
5372:Wolf
5365:West
5253:Lohs
4486:POWs
3812:1918
3714:1917
3640:1916
3541:1915
3445:1914
3250:Siam
3053:East
2784:ISBN
2757:ISBN
2744:2024
2733:OCLC
2710:ISBN
2691:ISBN
2672:ISBN
2655:ISSN
2638:2024
2599:ISSN
2570:2024
2559:ISSN
2539:2024
2526:ISBN
2505:OCLC
2486:ISBN
2467:ISBN
2448:ISBN
2304:2023
2079:2024
1783:U-86
1760:and
1722:U-62
1713:U-52
1702:U-85
1675:U-83
1655:U-55
1639:U-86
1633:Rewa
1626:U-55
1510:U-41
1507:and
1504:U-27
1495:U-36
1487:C-27
1483:U-23
1467:U-40
1435:U-33
1406:U-20
1400:, a
1385:and
1377:, a
1357:and
1304:and
1282:U-20
1264:U-24
1245:U-17
1172:U-24
1163:U-24
1142:U-18
1134:U-18
1129:U-18
1114:HMS
1109:U-27
1055:and
987:U-21
977:U-21
948:U-15
936:U-13
929:U-15
921:U-15
893:Ajax
887:U-15
870:and
852:U-18
846:U-17
840:U-16
834:U-15
828:U-14
822:U-13
781:Kiel
660:The
113:25°W
79:Date
61:U-20
5638:33.
5633:32.
5628:31.
5623:30.
5618:29.
5613:27.
5608:26.
5603:25.
5598:24.
5593:23.
5588:22.
5583:21.
5578:20.
5573:19.
5568:18.
5563:14.
5558:13.
5553:12.
5548:11.
5543:10.
5452:III
5211:Hai
5113:FdU
5108:BdU
2651:III
2626:doi
2591:doi
1775:in
1474:C24
1371:U-8
1367:GRT
1239:to
1216:SS
1161:SM
1159:by
1107:SM
1098:U-9
1065:U-9
1014:U-9
975:SM
973:by
876:U-9
816:U-9
810:U-8
804:U-7
798:U-5
743:by
110:0°N
59:SM
5995::
5538:9.
5533:8.
5528:7.
5523:6.
5518:5.
5513:4.
5508:3.
5503:2.
5498:1.
5457:IV
5447:II
2649:.
2605:.
2597:.
2587:27
2585:.
2581:.
2557:.
2553:.
2446:.
2288:.
2248:^
2070:.
1806:D4
1689:,
1653:,
1298:,
1198:.
1116:E3
1031:,
1024:,
896:,
885:,
843:,
837:,
831:,
825:,
819:,
813:,
807:,
801:,
5442:I
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2822:.
2811:.
2792:.
2765:.
2718:.
2699:.
2680:.
2661:.
2640:.
2628::
2613:.
2593::
2572:.
2511:.
2494:.
2475:.
2456:.
2306:.
2221:.
2081:.
1929:.
766:)
760:(
755:)
751:(
737:.
488:e
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313:e
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299:v
92:)
20:)
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