Via ferrata - Knowledge

1373:. They are well distributed across the six French grades, with handful each of F and ED, the bulk falling within the four middle classifications. As via ferratas have developed across the country, some have identified a distinct "french style, with metal rungs driven into improbable overhangs", spiced with wire bridges, and an emphasis on thrill seeking – although some criticise French routes as having an excess of iron climbing aids. Dramatic features underpin many of the more notable routes: long suspension bridges (59m at the via ferrata de la Grande Fistoire), wire "monkey" bridges (via ferrata de la Chal); routes into and across gorges (the "spectacular" via ferrata Gorges de la Durance); routes up and around waterfalls (via ferrata de l´Adret: la Passerelle) or simply overhanging and strenuous (the neighbouring via ferrata de l´Adret: Le Bastion). 697: 774:, by installing artificial aids and protection. Natural lines and routes in the rock were linked up and a system of routes began to be developed, work continuing after the Second World War. The Via delle Bocchette was discovered by mountain walkers and gradually gained a classic reputation in its own right, a reputation which it still retains. In developing the Via delle Bocchette, a certain ethic was followed – climbing aids were kept to a minimum, and the routes deliberately do not access any summits, an approach which is sometimes but not always followed by modern via ferratas. The Via delle Bocchette helped establish the idea of doing via ferratas in their own right, rather than as access to summits or to climbs. 738:). Trenches, dugouts, and other relics of the First World War can be found alongside many via ferratas. Since dangerous ammunition remains and the like can still be found today, warnings are given in the area of the former main battle line against digging and picking up old metal parts. There is an extensive open-air museum on 5 Torri, and around Lagazuoi, where very heavy fighting took place. This wartime network of via ferratas has been restored, although not until well after the Second World War: steel cables have replaced ropes, and iron ladders and metal rungs anchored into the rock have taken the place of the flimsy wooden structures used by the troops. Most of these routes are now maintained by the 787:, Grading C/D) While high mountain via ferratas have continued to be developed, the modern era has seen the rise of more "sporting" routes, sometimes closer to the valley and often more challenging in nature, with severely steep sections and requiring high strength. Routes have been built in dramatic locations, alongside waterfalls or in canyons. Other routes include features such as wire bridges and even zip wires, designed to increase their appeal to visitors. Climbing via ferratas came to be recognised as a valid mountain activity in own right, with its own guidebooks, equipment, grading system and enthusiasts, with an increasing number of locations becoming available to undertake via ferrata climbs. 975:, as it is simpler and safer to use and harder to use inappropriately. Using the Y lanyard, both arms should be attached to the steel line, although the system still functions if only one is clipped. However, some earlier lanyards use a "V" configuration. These were the first to be developed but suffer from a major limitation – it is essential to clip only one arm at a time onto the cable. If both arms are clipped, the energy absorber will not work. Some lanyards also have a short third arm which allows the climber to rest on steep sections. Some types of commercially available lanyards have retractable arms to keep them out of the way. 783:

opposition to some added routes). In the 1990s and 2000s, development became more commercial and involved more organizations: via ferratas began to be seen as a useful way to encourage tourism and increase the range of activities available to visitors, and so routes were developed by local communities, outdoor activity centres, cable car companies, mountain refuges and others, as well as continuing involvement by the Alpine clubs. Development of via ferratas has spread out of its original areas to the rest of the Alps and beyond. The first via ferrata in France was constructed in 1988 (Via Ferrata de la Grande Falaise,

1052:. The Dachstein mountains in Styria, in particular, are home to several notable via ferratas, including the Ramsauer Klettersteig, the Jubiläumsklettersteig, and on the northern side of the Dachstein, the Seewand Klettersteig, which is one of the hardest long routes in Austria. However, perhaps the highlight is the long and difficult Dachstein Super Ferrata, recently created by linking three routes, and possibly the most challenging via ferrata overall in Austria. Other notable routes in the Northern Limestone Alps are the Innsbrucker Klettersteig in the Karwendel and the Tajakante Klettersteig in the 734:) in the autumn of 1917, the Austro-Hungarians (supported by troops from Southern Germany) and the Italians fought a ferocious war in the mountains of the Dolomites; not only against each other but also against the hostile conditions. Both sides tried to gain control of the peaks to site observation posts and field guns. To help troops move about at high elevations in very difficult conditions, permanent lines were fixed to rock faces and ladders were installed so that troops could ascend steep faces. They also tried to create and control tunnels below the peaks to attack from there (see 580: 53: 1611: 754: 2213:"Via Ferrata Drolambau Ice Fall", also called "Sky's Way to Sagarmatha"; year of the construction 2017–2019, located in the Rolwaling valley at an elevation of 5000 to 5400 m, the first in the Himalayas and the highest in the world. This via ferrata was designed and created by Explora Nunaat International (Davide Peluzzi, Giorgio Marinelli, Marco Di Marcello, Paolo Cocco, Phurba Tenjing Sherpa, Padang Tamang) to allow the passage to the most famous Kumbu valley and to make safe the ascent to the highest refuge in the Himalayas. 1240:. The Brenta contain a dense network of via ferratas, the core of which is the Via delle Bocchette system, consisting of several sections, including the Sentiero Bocchette Alte and the Sentiero delle Bocchette Centrali. The northern end of the range can be reached by lifts from Madonna di Campiglio, and it is possible to spend several days at high elevation on the network of via ferratas, staying at mountain huts. However, in accordance with the wishes of the region's climbers, the routes do not reach any major summits. 1754:. Skalka has two co-located, free public sub-areas. One is called via ferrata Komin which has one E rated (60metres), one D rated, one C rated, one B rated, two A/B rated and one A rated ferratas and several boulders. Second area, Via Ferrata Land, has one F rated (45 metres), one E rated, one D rated, three B rated and one A rated ferattas. Other via ferrata routes can be found in Martinske Hole (B & C), Kysel or Liptov where is via Ferrata Dve veze (3 routes - B, C & C/D) and via Ferrata Zobor located in 963: 1477:

Klettersteig, both near Saas Fee); high alpine challenges (Salbit-Kettenweg near Andermatt); and demanding athletic routes (Via ferrata San Salvatore near Lugano). The Rother guide considers that the most outstanding routes with regard to scenery and grading are the Braunwalder via ferrata in the eastern Swiss canton of Glarus and the Daubenhorn via ferrata near Leukerbad in the Valais. Also known as Leukerbadner Klettersteig (1&2), the latter is also the longest via ferrata in Switzerland.

611:, it is possible to link via ferratas together, staying overnight in mountain refuges, and so undertake extensive multi-day climbing tours at high elevations. In difficulty, via ferratas can range from routes that are little more than paths, albeit in dramatic and exposed situations, to very steep and strenuous routes, overhanging in parts, demanding the strength—if not the technique—of serious rock climbing. Generally, via ferratas are done in ascent, although it is possible to descend them. 1112: 984: 935:(which in rock climbing does not normally exceed two) can be high. These high factors generate considerable forces which the human body, as well as most items of climbing equipment, cannot withstand, leading to serious injury and equipment failure. To address this, a number of devices have been developed to act as shock absorbers or progressive brakes. They aim to dissipate the energy of the fall more effectively than a short rope length and so keep the climber and equipment intact. 595:, which allows the climbers to secure themselves to the metal fixture and limit any fall. The cable and other fixtures, such as iron rungs (stemples), pegs, carved steps, and ladders and bridges, provide both footings and handholds, as well. This allows climbing on otherwise dangerous routes without the risks of unprotected scrambling and climbing or the need for technical climbing equipment. They expand the opportunities for accessing difficult peaks as an alternative to 1021:. For many years route development remained focused in this area and it is only recently that via ferratas have been built across the Austrian Alps. As a broad generalisation, routes in Austria fall somewhere between the long mountain routes of the Dolomites and the shorter sporting routes of France. That said, the via ferrata currently (2012) considered the hardest technically in the world is in Austria: the "Arena" variant of the Bürgeralm-Panorama-Klettersteig in 5681: 1457:. Even then nothing much further happened for several years, but in this century there has been a rapid development of via ferratas, with over 150 now listed. According to the Rother guide, the Swiss via ferratas are typically similar in character to the "sport" via ferratas in France; however, they are usually not as generously engineered with artificial holds so that climbers have to make contact with the rock and think about where the next foothold is. 1945:. The Elie Chain Walk comprises eight chains along a route which follows steep sea cliffs, and typical via ferrata equipment (lanyards, helmet, harness) is never used. Reputed to have first been installed to help fishermen reach their nets, it is now maintained by the local council and was recently refurbished. It is suitable for those aged about 10 and above (with supervision); it is not recommended at high tide due to the possibility of being stranded. 5669: 914:

ratings on the seriousness of the route are often provided – the Kurt Schall guides use a five-level adjectival scale; Smith and Fletcher use a three-point scale A–C. The old Hofler/Werner guidebooks use a single general grade on an A-G scale. Most guidebooks provide some further information to help assess the nature of a route, such as the length of the route, the maximum height reached, and even a grade for the quality of the protection.

2000: 1843: 5705: 5693: 1361:. This was shortly followed by the via ferratas at les Vigneaux just to the north (the easier route, La Voie du Colombier, is the most popular in France with 15,000 climbers per year) and the Aiguillette du Lauzet, a little further north (a more traditional high mountain via ferrata). There are now some 200 via ferratas in France, located throughout the French Alps, and with a few routes in the 1774:), a few have similar wartime origins to those in the Dolomites, all the rest being in disrepair or of later construction. Routes have evolved as protection has been added to trails in the "very difficult" category – difficulty tends to be more variable and protection tends to be less continuous than purpose built via ferrata elsewhere. Notable routes are the routes up 954:(PPE) and are subject to the safety requirements and conformity assessment procedures of the PPE regulation (EU) 2016/425. The requirements of the Regulation are supported by a European Harmonised Standard, EN 958. This standard was revised in 2017 to include several redesigned tests to prevent the type of failures involved in the 2012 accident. 722:. In 1915, Italy joined the alliance of Britain, France, and Russia and declared war on the Central Powers. Austro-Hungarian troops were heavily committed in Russia and it immediately withdrew to a defensive line that ran through the Dolomites. The initially weak Austro-Hungarian troops were strongly supported by local old and very young men ( 931:, namely carabiners fixed to short lengths of rope or slings attached to a chest (or sit) harness, on the basis that one would not fall very far. However, it gradually became apparent that these systems did not prevent serious injury. With only a short length of rope to absorb the energy of a fall which can be much longer, the 2107:, halfway between Nordegg and the Icefield Parkway in the Rocky Mountains; the trailhead can be picked up at the parking lot on the east side of the Cline River. The climb is about 180 m (600 ft) long and takes around 2 hours to return to the parking lot. The other via ferratas in Alberta are on 2123:

In recent years, China's rise of a professional Ferrata construction company, called Yuehua Junning, the company's team mostly through the Cave Union and IRATA professional training, and has its own Ferrata components production lines and R&D institutions. Its team has built more than 20 Ferratas

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ridge. The complete route takes about eight hours starting at Rifugio Lorenzi (2950 m) by the top of the Rio Gere lift system. It begins by crossing a characteristic suspension bridge, and trends mostly downhill, passing several World War I fortifications. It is often preceded by undertaking the

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However, in spite of these equipment developments and the perception of via ferratas as being more secure and safe than rock climbing, people are more likely to injure themselves if they do fall, partly because of these elevated fall factors and partly because there are often rungs and steps on which

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in China, has at least two short via ferrata routes. As of 2016, more than 10 ferratas have been built in China, including Beijing, Guizhou, Chongqing, Jiangxi, Yunnan, and Shanxi. Prisme through its Chinese partner Beijing Via Ferrata Development & Services Co. Ltd, built 3 ferratas in Beijing,

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department takes the climber up a sheer cliff where a lead mine operated with little success between 1807 and 1925. This route is illustrated with sign boards in English and French telling the story of the struggle to extract small amounts of ore in very difficult conditions. Another via near Lumbin

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advantages of this type of absorber are that it is compact and that it can be easily verified that it is not being reused after a fall (particularly valuable in the case of rented equipment); the disadvantage is that it can be used only once, leaving the climber unprotected in case of a second fall.

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There are five routes in Oman; three are operated by the Ministry of Tourism; Jabal Shams, Wadi Bani Awf (Snake Gorge) and Bandar Khayran (Western Isle) which have been out of commission since 2012. Currently only two are operating; which are privately run by Alila Jabal Akhdar – one is level 2 and

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The "via ferrata set" comprises a lanyard and two carabiners. The lanyard consists of an energy-absorbing system, two arms that connect to the cable with the carabiners, and a means of connecting to the harness. Modern lanyards use a "Y" tape configuration, which is currently the only type approved

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Simple protected paths, with ladders and basic protection aids, have probably existed in the Alps for centuries, helping to connect villages to their high pastures. Construction of what could be seen as the precursors of modern via ferratas dates back to the growth of Alpine exploration and tourism

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Via ferrata Zandonella (South) perhaps the best of several routes that climb the Croda Rossa di Sesto (2936 m) (the Sextener Rotwand) This area has extensive World War I remains and nearby is the much easier Strada degli Alpini, perhaps the most renowned of the via ferratas based on routes

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One criticism of these grading system is that they ignore the severity and length of the difficulties – a long, high mountain route with extensive passages of grade D is very different from a short valley route also graded D, but with only a brief difficult section. To overcome this, additional

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In 2011 a via ferrata developed by Green Discovery Laos was opened as part of the Tree Top Explorer. It is an intermediate difficulty. Supported by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN, Netherlands) for its environment friendly

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developing into a notable centre for ferrata – here, the Fürenwand-Klettersteig is considered the "most spectacular". The range of routes is diverse: "action-packed" gorge routes (Alpine gorge in Saas Fee, Gorner gorge near Zermatt); panoramic routes onto 3000m peaks (Jegisteig and Mittaghorn

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series) use a primarily an A to F 6-point scale and 5 intermediate grades are also used (e.g. C/D). The website www.klettersteig.de uses grades 1 to 6, although based on the Schall system. In France, the 6 classic alpine grades are used: F – Facile; PD – Peu Difficile; AD – Assez Difficile; D–

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Responsibility for maintaining via ferratas in France lies with the commune in which the via is situated. Maintenance can be costly depending on location, with vias at higher elevations being subject to damage by snow and ice through the winter months. Some communes have decided to fund this

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The main type of energy absorber in use today is a tearing energy absorber. This consists of a length of webbing specially sewn together to allow progressive tearing in case of a fall. Such devices can only be used once to arrest a serious fall and will exhibit visible damage afterward. The

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In the 1970s and 80s development remained focused on traditional areas (the Dolomites and the Northern Limestone Alps). Routes were mostly developed by the climbing community often with the active involvement of one of the relevant Alpine Clubs (although there was occasional controversy and

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Probably the most unusual via ferrata is the via ferrata Lagazuoi Tunnels. Fighting for control of Mount Lagazuoi in World War I, Austrian and Italian troops built a series of tunnels through the mountains. The aim was to tunnel close to the enemy and detonate explosives to destroy their

1075:. Highly regarded routes are the Schlicker Klettersteig and Ilmspitz Klettersteig in the Stubai, the Tiroler Weg in the Otztal, and the Bella Vista Klettersteig on the south side of the Hohe Tauern in Carinthia. Other via ferratas in this area climb a number of 3000m summits. The 804:

Difficile: TD – Très Difficile: ED – Extrêmement Difficile (although these grades bear no comparison to their Alpine counterparts). An outline of a 5-level grading system is provided below, but clearly individual guidebooks grades should be checked against their own definitions.

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As well as historic via ferratas based on World War I fortifications, the Dolomites are particularly renowned for their dramatic high mountain via ferratas. Several of these provide challenging ways to reach some of the summits in the range. Among the more notable routes are:

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There are a great many other via ferratas in the Dolomites, including many shorter routes such as the easy Via ferrata Averau, or the difficult Via ferrata del Canalone. There are via ferratas in the valleys around the Dolomites, such as Via ferrata Burrone Giovannelli near

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Via ferratas can vary in length from short routes taking less than an hour to long, demanding alpine routes covering significant distance and elevation (1,000 metres (3,300 ft) or more of ascent) and taking eight or more hours to complete. In certain areas, such as the

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Recently Scotland had its first Via Ferrata completed. Via Ferrata Scotland is located in Kinlochleven, near Fort William and Glencoe. This runs beside the third biggest waterfall in Scotland, The Grey Mare's Tail, it was installed and is operated by Vertical Descents.

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commune, Gorj county, where the latest route was finished in December 2021. In December, 2021 Baia de Fier received the National Record for the largest cluster of Acrobatic Via Ferrata in Romania. Another cluster of five routes is called "Astragalus" (named after the

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in 1880, and in the Ordesa in 1881. The Northern Limestone Alps saw the first routes still in use today as via ferratas: the Heilbronner Way in the German Allgau Alps was constructed in 1899, shortly followed by the Eggersteig (1903) and Wildauersteig (1911) in the

2069:. In 2003, Thivierge developed 2 more via ferratas (with 2 zip lines) in Les Palissades de Charlevoix, 10 km north on 170 road from St Siméon. There is one in Arbraska Laflèche in Val-des-Monts, Quebec and a second one in Arbraska Rawdon in Rawdon, Quebec. 995:

The other type of energy absorber is a metal braking device with a rope passing through it and attached to the harness. Previously popular, these have been largely withdrawn after the re-evaluation of via ferrata safety that occurred after a 2012 accident.

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Routes listed are rated 5* by www.kletersteig.de, 4 stars for "fun" by the Schall guide to the dolomites and most are listed Erlebnis Klettersteig, Die 100 schönsten Touren in den Alpen (except VF della Marmolada, Gianni Aglio/Giuseppe Olivieri and Cesco

559:) is a protected climbing route found in the Alps and certain other Alpine locations. The protection includes steel fixtures such as cables and railings to arrest the effect of any fall, which the climber can either hold onto or 2160:, providing safe passage on the Northwest approach to Point Lenana (via Austrian Hut), as well from the south side (Shipton). Christened "Olonana", was the world's highest via ferrata, at 4,985 metres (16,355 ft). 2147:

in the Japanese Central Alps are mid-level via ferratas. At an elevation over 2900 meters they pass over sheer drops of 300 meters. Several people have died on this route and the via ferratas can unexpectedly ice over.

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fortress. The via ferrata reaches a vertical height of 300 meters, including a hanging bridge at 250 meters, and has a total length of 700 meters. Private route. Intermediate level. The exit is via a 100-meter rappel.

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As of 2022, there are at least twelve areas with via ferrata routes in Romania. Most routes are "sport" oriented, opened in recent years, with grades varying from A to E. There is a cluster of twenty-one routes near

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to land. After a fatal via ferrata accident in August 2012 where both elastic lanyards on the energy-absorbing systems (EAS) in a via ferrata set failed, the International Mountaineering and Climbing Federation (

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the "Matterhorn of the Dolomites" as far as the bivouac Fiamme Gialle at (3,005 m). From there, the "Variation for the Summit", involving moderate climbing, is needed to reach the summit at (3,184 m).

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Shanxi and Yunnan. A few local companies have begun to build via ferrata as well, although the safety standards of via ferrata built by local companies are not the same as Prisme or other European builders.

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Via ferrata Cesco Tomaselli which climbs the Punta Sud of the Fanes group (2980 m), a challenging route with minimal climbing aids and unprotected sections, and another via ferrata as the descent route.

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Vertical to overhanging; consistently exposed; very small footholds or friction climbing, usually no climbing aids other than the wire. Sustained arm strength required. Easier sections may be unprotected.

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was constructed under the direction of Friedrich Simony; it included a range of climbing aids with iron pins, hand hooks, carved footholds, and ropes. In 1869 a rope was fixed between the summits of

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approach and the involvement of local communities, the project also aims to give a boost to Laos' tourism diversification. Since its opening several other via ferratas have opened throughout Laos.

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in the Hainan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing, Henan, Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Beijing and other places. The more famous lines are in Xiushui County, Jiangxi Province, and East Huhai Scenic Area.

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which roughly translates as 'climbing trail'. The recent years have seen the construction of several new ones - via ferratas have less of a tradition in Norway than they have in southern Europe.

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Alta via Bruno Federspiel, a very long route along the Rizzoni ridge with excellent views. It traverses the Spiz di Taricignon (2647 m) in the Fassaner Dolomites to the SW of the Marmolada.

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REGULATION (EU) 2016/425 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 9 March 2016 on personal protective equipment and repealing Council Directive 89/686/EEC; OJEU L81/51 of 31 March 2016.

1493:. As opposed to via ferratas in the Dolomites, many routes were built in modern times and they have a sport character, and can be short and much more difficult than classics in the Dolomites. 626:. Others are found in a number of European countries and a few places elsewhere. Via ferratas have traditionally been associated with limestone mountain regions, notably the Dolomites and the 1453:. It was not until 1993 that the Tälli Klettersteig, the first real Swiss via ferrata (and still considered one of the best), was created on the sheer southern faces of Gadmer Flue in the 2232:

is privately operated by a company called Wildwire Wanaka. The via ferrata includes a section running up a 60-meter waterfall, and is the highest waterfall via ferrata in the world.

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Ferrata Gianni Costantini, which climbs the Cima Moiazza Sud (2878 m) near the Civetta, is one of the hardest, longest (at 1000 m) and most celebrated routes in Dolomites

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is arguably the country that has most enthusiastically embraced the via ferrata – with via ferratas promoted as a way to experience nature and with the regional sections of the

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The Northern Limestone Alps, which run from near Vienna to the Swiss border, remain at the heart of Austrian klettersteig, with routes concentrated in key mountain groups: the

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basing many of their harder walks around via ferratas. Via ferratas in Austria have a long history, with routes being established at the start of the 20th century in the

1562:. It has an easy shared starting section at the end of which you can choose a number of different routes with a variety of difficulties. There is also a via ferrata in 1385:, the Vire des Lavandières, passes an old section of route called the Échelle des Maquisards built in 1943 and used by resistance fighters during the Second World War. 892:

Very steep to vertical, maybe short/well aided overhanging sections, mainly very exposed. Some climbing aids but often wire rope only. Strong arms and hands required.

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exist for via ferratas. Most focus on the level of difficulty of the hardest passage and use a 5- or 6-point scale. Miller uses grades 1 to 5. The Kurt Schall guides (

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There are over 150 via ferratas in Italy outside of the Dolomites, most of them constructed fairly recently. There are notable concentrations at the northern end of

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The origins of the via ferrata date back to the nineteenth century, but they are often associated with the First World War when several were built in the

5649: 2805: 1429:). Due to the weather, they can mostly be used all year round. Only a few routes lead to a summit. The most difficult via ferrata in the world is on the 3990: 2754:

EN 958:2017 – Mountaineering equipment – Energy absorbing systems for use in klettersteig (via ferrata) climbing – Safety requirements and test methods.

3860: 1926:'s via ferrata was constructed in 2009 for recreational purposes and incorporates fixed beams and ladders over the river as well as rockface sections. 1091:) which formed the front line in World War I and some via ferratas pass fortifications from the conflict, including the Weg der 26er which ascends the 1669: 1598:. The Ari via ferrata was conceived in 2012 and constructed with the collaboration of Italian and Kosovar alpine clubs. The via ferrata Berim is near 4096: 3887: 3080: 2318:

ski resort in Colorado claimed the highest via ferrata in North America, a 1,200 ft (370 m) route to a 13,050 ft (3,980 m) peak.

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Via ferratas are now spread across Switzerland, but particularly in the central and western areas. Areas with a large number of via ferratas are the

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Steep to very steep rock, adequate climbing aids, long ladders possible (or even briefly overhanging). Good fitness and some arm strength required.

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Via ferratas Gianni Aglio and Giuseppe Olivieri (also known as the via ferrata Punta Anna) which provide a very airy route to the summit of the

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mountain region of Italy to aid the movement of troops. Over 1000 via ferratas currently exist in the European Alps. The majority are found in

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A via ferrata is a climbing route in the mountains that employs steel cables, rungs, or ladders, fixed to the rock to which the climbers affix

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The via ferrata delle Mésules (Pössnecker Path), one of the first via ferratas, which climbs the Piz Selva (2941 m) in the

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Some steep terrain, smaller footholds, but climbing aids provided. Longer ladders possible. Essentially protected but exposed

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Straightforward path, but exposed. Plenty of climbing aids, possible short ladders. Challenging walking rather than climbing.

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from the Vrata valley (the Prag route, the Tomisek Route, and the Bamberg way), the Kopiščar "through the window" route up

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climbs the south face of the Piz da Lech (2911m)(Boeseekofel) above Corvara, a popular half-day route of medium difficulty.

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François Guy Thivierge installed the first two via ferratas, with a zip line, in Canada, at the Canyon St Anne close to

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called Vodní Brána (Water Gate). Another system of three via ferratas forming a closed circuit is near the village

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Via Ferrata del Centenario C.A.O. on the west shore of Lake Como, the best regarded of the Lake Como via ferratas.

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and August Čepl, a Viennese master locksmith, built the Hans von Haid Steig in the Preiner Wall(1.783 m) of the

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Other routes facilitate visits to historic sites. Les Mines du Grand Clôt near the village of La Grave in the

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Via Ferrata Marino Bianchi, which goes from the top of the lift to a subsidiary summit of the Monte Cristallo.

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fortifications. A via ferrata now uses these tunnels, allowing one to descend into and through the mountain.

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maintenance by charging an admission fee, but this applies to very few vias and most remain free of charge.

5500: 4877: 2295: 2017: 1864: 770:(SAT) together with the CAI began working on shortening and improving access to the climbing routes in the 730:

and Kaiserschützen be relocated from the Eastern Front towards Italy. Until the Flitsch-Tolmein offensive (

1437:, unique Grading G). A specialty are routes that lead through waterless canals (e.g. Canal de las Damas, 4148: 3381: 1314:

Via Italiana, in the Julian Alps in Friuli (one of only 3 via ferratas rated 6* by www.klettersteig.de).

4872: 4638: 3280: 2450: 2093: 1648:

and climbing along the very steep hydropower pipeline. Kyrkjeveggen ("the church wall") is situated in

1324: 128: 2189:. At 3,776 meters, it was verified by Guinness World Records as the highest via ferrata in the world. 1941:

was perhaps the closest thing that Scotland had to a via ferrata until the recent creation of that at

5697: 5560: 4922: 2072:

Western Canada has eight routes. The largest via ferrata in Canada can be found on Mt. Nimbus in the

516: 3964: 3724: 3403:"Montan Club White Wolf – cea mai mare baza via ferrata – 21 trasee | Asociatia Cartea Recordurilor" 2836:

http://www.oeav-events.at/OEAV-EVENTS/alpin-programm/getVeranstaltungListe.php?tgId=3&aktivId=13

2764: 2512:

Frass/Hofler/Werner: Via Ferrata Scrambles in the Dolomites. Trans. Cecil Davis Cicerone Press 1982

1970:, is situated in a quarry site and features metal rungs, ladders, suspension bridges and zip wires. 1730:. The mountain rescue service in Harghita county built the route called "Wild Ferenc" in 2016, near 5475: 5470: 4616: 3309: 2556: 2085: 1853: 1715: 1173: 474: 111: 2286:

One publication cited the "best" via ferratas in the United States to be: Waterfall Canyon, Utah;

1087:

are more traditional grounds for via ferratas. Several routes lie near the Italian border (in the

5605: 5400: 5375: 5266: 5259: 4664: 4567: 4522: 3833: 2311: 2010: 1857: 1076: 1018: 747: 627: 366: 17: 3081:"Hercegovački biser bogatiji za feratu: Planina Velež postaje svjetska alpinistička destinacija" 2307: 5515: 5425: 5068: 4821: 4677: 4609: 4229: 947: 661: 426: 104: 5575: 4048: 2855: 2241:

the second is level 5, that includes a suspended bridge walk (22 metres) across a cave mouth.

1409:. Today there may be around 200 via ferratas in Spain. Most of them are located in Catalonia, 1144:, at 3343 m the highest summit in the Dolomites. The route dates from before World War I. 5550: 5465: 4967: 4833: 3052: 1402: 1339: 579: 4122: 3598:"Opening date announced for first-of-its-kind adventure experience near Falmouth and Penryn" 3360: 5731: 5580: 5565: 5555: 4806: 4772: 4552: 4326: 4304: 4297: 4285: 4149:"Arapahoe Basin Via Ferrata Is North America's Highest: We Climbed It & You Should Too" 2267: 2081: 1414: 1237: 1103:

There are more than 400 via ferratas in Italy, over half of them located in the Dolomites.

1060: 1014: 743: 739: 200: 178: 171: 159: 52: 2781:

Via Ferratas of the Italian Dolomites Volume 1: 75 routes – north, central and east ranges

1702: 1232:

To the west of the main Dolomites, on the other side of the A22/E45 road, are the smaller

8: 5455: 5273: 5252: 5155: 5097: 5092: 5051: 5026: 4949: 4855: 4777: 4689: 4430: 3816: 3648: 3019: 2932: 2873: 2695: 2112: 1930: 1908: 731: 700: 564: 436: 414: 3834:"Via Ferrata on Mount Kenya - Climb ZA - Rock Climbing & Bouldering in South Africa" 5595: 5177: 5145: 4816: 4799: 4655: 4633: 4599: 4348: 4343: 4338: 3492: 3439:

Guinness Book Record - Acrobatic Via Ferrata Romania - Baia de Fier - Pestera Muierilor

3173: 2561: 2444: 2360: 2303: 2089: 1967: 1956:

Climbing Wall that takes a route around the climbing areas on steel ladders and rungs.

1731: 1711: 1140:

The via ferrata della Marmolada (Hans-Seyffert-Weg) which climbs the west ridge of the

928: 673:(German: Marmolata) was installed in 1903, and the Possnecker Path up Piz Selva in the 496: 441: 222: 217: 212: 99: 3888:"Himalaya. Abruzzo e Nepal uniti nella costruzione del rifugio più alto dell'Himalaya" 3623: 3510: 3423: 2465: 2156:

In July 2012 a via ferrata developed by the Kenyan Wildlife Services (KWS), opened on

1401:, Grading D). After that, it took longer before a sporty route was created in 1993 at 5685: 5668: 5610: 5405: 5333: 5308: 5294: 5287: 5102: 5004: 4904: 4684: 4355: 4280: 4222: 4201: 4182: 3259: 3127: 2978: 2785: 2674: 2648: 2623: 2587: 2513: 2494: 2432: 2422: 2393: 2108: 2097: 2073: 1727: 1692:

and for the highest end point. Another via ferrata also opened in Åndalsnes in 2017.

1490: 1449:

Despite its central position in the Alps, via ferratas took a long time to arrive in

1080: 932: 469: 459: 229: 154: 62: 36: 3524: 3474: 1610: 753: 5545: 5480: 5460: 5435: 5420: 5187: 5165: 5041: 4784: 4420: 3682: 2421:. Szépfalusi, Csaba, 1961–, Hofmann, Thomas, 1964–. Innsbruck: Tyrolia-Verl. 2003. 2332: 2077: 1963: 1661: 1591: 1461: 1308: 1253: 1233: 1177: 843: 796: 771: 608: 548: 501: 481: 277: 267: 121: 2274:. The route runs along Jebel Jais and has a total length of one kilometer, with 3 1719: 943:) worked with manufacturers to identify and recall several models of EAS systems. 784: 723: 571:

in overcoming the obstacles encountered, including steel ladders and steel steps.

5673: 5540: 5485: 5440: 5415: 5385: 5170: 5140: 5063: 5058: 4917: 4865: 4789: 4750: 4723: 4408: 4381: 3121: 3066: 3005:

Iris Kürschner (Translation: Gill Round), Via Ferrata Switzerland, summarised at

2843: 2668: 2617: 2299: 2222: 1938: 1923: 1919: 1677: 1656:. The route of Kyrkjeveggen elevates 500 meters to the top. There is also one in 1155: 1133: 1129: 1116: 1053: 839: 719: 491: 250: 962: 5532: 5505: 5410: 5380: 5245: 5192: 5135: 5130: 5080: 5021: 4957: 4828: 4811: 4728: 4562: 4527: 4492: 4487: 4442: 4400: 4371: 4321: 4309: 3770: 3749: 2315: 2271: 2182: 2062: 1912: 1826: 1689: 1622: 1430: 1362: 1284: 1169: 757:

Wire bridge "Seufzerbrücke" at Postalmklamm Klettersteig near Salzburg, Austria

715: 600: 486: 431: 376: 336: 331: 255: 240: 195: 183: 87: 3437: 2144: 2066: 1818: 1653: 1472:, in the Urner and Vierwaldstätter alps (15 and 17 routes respectively), with 727: 5725: 5495: 5395: 5340: 5301: 5200: 5150: 5125: 5036: 4889: 4745: 4711: 4532: 4507: 4386: 4376: 4333: 4316: 4260: 3511:"Via Ferrata "Wild Ferenc" – Red Lake, Bicaz Gorge, Harghita (English) (C/D)" 3341: 2721:"Second wave of via ferrata set recalls within six months – UIAA – Last News" 2397: 2287: 2254: 1904: 1357:

saw its first via ferrata in 1988 – La Grande Falaise in Freissinière in the

1304: 1162: 1111: 1045: 1037: 666: 649: 596: 409: 381: 371: 351: 207: 190: 139: 5009: 3939:"'Biwak' and Feratta boost economic activities of Rolwaling Valley: Peluzzi" 2994:

http://uk.franceguide.com/Via-Ferrata-exhilarating-fun-in-the-mountains.html

2960: 2436: 1814: 1559: 983: 5615: 5510: 5390: 5326: 5205: 5160: 4767: 4755: 4716: 4701: 4512: 4437: 4425: 4275: 3342:"Via Ferrata-ruten (klatrestien) på Munken - F - Trondhjems Turistforening" 3323: 2977:

Chavy, Jocelyn: Via Ferrata – a complete guide to France; pub. Cordee 2004

2291: 1942: 1706: 1680:

on the Munken mountain, with views of the city. Since 2015 Straumsfjell in

1469: 1434: 1377: 1291: 1161:

Via ferrata degli Alleghesi; a long and classic route to the summit of the

568: 464: 356: 284: 272: 149: 4029: 2907:"Truly, madly, steeply: a via ferrata tour of the Dolomites | Travel" 1746:, with the largest concentration located in a ski and via ferrata area in 1190:, via a route which is "scenically magnificent" and still demanding today. 950:, energy absorbing systems for use in via ferrata climbing are classed as 5450: 5445: 5182: 5075: 4974: 4760: 4694: 4517: 4497: 4459: 4447: 3462: 3214:"'Ari', la prima via ferrata in Kosovo aperta con l'aiuto degli italiani" 3151: 2529: 2157: 1790: 1771: 1685: 1599: 1450: 1269: 1265: 1217: 1194: 1187: 1088: 1072: 1068: 1064: 681: 674: 669:

in Austria. In the Dolomites, the climbing path up the West ridge of the

361: 341: 301: 289: 66: 3706:"A via ferrata makes scaling a vertical face like climbing a jungle gym" 3006: 1723: 1438: 5031: 4912: 4845: 4706: 4477: 4454: 4292: 2327: 2298:, Wyoming; Telluride, Colorado; Ouray, Colorado and Tahoe Via Ferrata, 2024: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1810: 1688:

starts from 380 m MSL to end in 1524 m MSL, a record in Norway both in

1531: 1468:

with 39 routes. In central Switzerland there are several routes around

1454: 1249: 1084: 1063:

have seen more recent development, with large numbers of routes in the

861: 321: 296: 166: 58: 3187: 2205:, the largest in Latin America. Its difficulty level is intermediate. 1668:. It opened in 2012. This track contains the dramatic hanging bridge, 603:, both of which require higher skills and more specialized equipment. 5354: 5347: 5215: 5210: 5120: 5085: 4999: 4944: 4850: 4794: 4733: 4482: 4049:"America's Best Via Ferratas: 6 Great Vertical Adventures in the USA" 3106: 2622:(in German) (3rd ed.). BoD – Books on Demand. pp. 116–117. 2202: 2127: 1673: 1473: 1418: 1406: 1257: 1141: 1049: 1041: 1033: 711: 704: 670: 653: 645: 615: 584: 399: 326: 2229: 1999: 1842: 1397:

The first via ferrata in Spain was built in 1954 (Canal del Palomo,

5430: 5280: 5016: 4979: 4937: 4927: 4245: 3649:"Já abriu a mais extensa Via Ferrata de Portugal em Proença-a-Nova" 3126:(in German) (3rd ed.). BoD – Books on Demand. pp. 22–25. 2275: 2178: 2131: 1979: 1767: 1751: 1743: 1681: 1657: 1641: 1543: 1535: 1527: 1366: 1343: 1332: 1221: 1092: 657: 421: 404: 44: 2249:

Located in the Sacred Valley of the Incas (2,650 meters), between

1649: 1382: 5046: 4932: 4882: 4738: 4502: 4075:"You Don't Have to Be Alex Honnold to Brave This Adventure Trend" 2104: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1579: 1539: 1486: 1370: 1328: 623: 567:. Some via ferrata can also include steel fixtures that provide 346: 2673:(in German) (3rd ed.). BoD – Books on Demand. p. 114. 4894: 4860: 3571:"Lake District Tourist Attraction nominated as best in England" 2103:

Western Canada's first public via ferrata is on Mt. Stelfox in

2058: 1953: 1806: 1626: 1563: 1465: 1426: 1410: 1398: 1358: 1354: 1318: 1295: 1261: 1148: 1022: 761: 714:

was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which was part of the

3281:"One of Europe's most attractive via ferratas opens in Kosovo" 2961:"Histoire des via ferrata, comment sont-elles apparues ?" 1758:

consiting of multiple routes ranging from A/B to D/E ratings.

1567: 1338:

Via Ferrata Blu Selvaggio, one of the paths of Selvaggio Blu,

5643: 5490: 4962: 4840: 4672: 3991:"Wildwire Wanaka: NZ's most epic adventure is now half price" 2250: 2186: 1755: 1665: 1615: 1422: 1277: 1236:, which are compact but dramatic, and rise above the town of 1056:

just to the east (both routes are in Tirol, near Innsbruck).

703:

from World War I found during demining on Monte Piano in the

619: 5644:

Union Internationale des Associations de Guides de Montagnes

2419:

Klettersteig-Guide Österreich alle gesicherten Klettersteige

2386:"Truly, madly, steeply: a via ferrata tour of the Dolomites" 2225:. It comprises 12 routes covering over 300 vertical metres. 1514:

In 2019 Bosnia and Herzegovina got its first via ferrata on

4214: 4030:"Oman Resorts | Alila Jabal Akhdar Oman Official Site" 3556: 3239:

Serbia, RTS, Radio televizija Srbije, Radio Television of.

2352: 1934: 1595: 1154:

Via ferrata Giovanni Lipella which climbs the neighbouring

972: 940: 3861:"NST Online Mt Kinabalu makes tracks with Guinness record" 3067:"Vía Ferrata Andorra - La Lista Completa | RocJumper" 4195: 4176: 2356: 1770:, though there is no definite list. In the western part ( 1158:(3225 m). The route starts through a wartime tunnel. 1029: 685: 3792:"Surviving The World's Most Dangerous Hike – Mt Huashan" 2463: 966:

A Y-shaped lanyard with progressive-tear energy absorber

57:

Climbers attached to steel cables on the via ferrata up

2197:

There is a recent via ferrata in Mexico located in the

1766:

There are many via ferrata routes or route sections in

927:

For many years, via ferratas were climbed using simple

1911:

is based on an old miners' track up the steep face of

5586:

Federación Española de Deportes de Montaña y Escalada

4097:"Why You Should Hike to the Top of Picacho Peak ASAP" 3817:"Construction cliff work 'not for the faint-hearted'" 2491:

Klettersteig Scrambles in the Northern Limestone Alps

1684:

is Northern Europe's longest via ferrata. The one in

1168:

The via ferrata Bolver-Lugli (constructed in 1970 by

5638:

International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation

5591:

Fédération française de la montagne et de l'escalade

652:, and in 1873 fixed protection was installed on the 5650:

Union of International Mountain Leader Associations

3906: 3624:"The Best Via Ferrata Trails in Portugal | Wikiloc" 3123:

25 Klettersteige in Europa mit besonderem Charakter

2670:

25 Klettersteige in Europa mit besonderem Charakter

2619:

25 Klettersteige in Europa mit besonderem Charakter

1789:In 2010 the first sport via ferrata vas built near 644:in the nineteenth century. In 1843, a route on the 3965:"Off the wall: scaling the Queenstown via ferrata" 3675:"Arbraska - Parc Rawdon - Activités - Via Ferrata" 1283:Via dell´Amicizia, which climbs above the town of 1193:Via ferrata Piz da Lech, on the other side of the 2351:Listings of Spanish via ferratas can be found at 1530:. One of the most popular was built in 2010 near 1032:(where some of the oldest via ferratas are), the 5723: 4198:Via ferratas of the Italian Dolomites: Volume 2 4179:Via ferratas of the Italian Dolomites: Volume 1 3119: 3035:"Switzerland's via ferratas: a real cliffhanger" 2666: 2615: 2554: 3278: 1805:There are at least seven via ferrata routes in 1602:and is the longest and highest in the Balkans. 3931: 3397: 3395: 2642: 2485: 2483: 2221:There is a via ferrata on the western face of 1311:(one of the highest via ferratas in the Alps). 987:Close-up of a progressive-tear energy absorber 4230: 3539:"Vinska Gora - Gonžarjeva peč - plezalna pot" 3211: 2896:Franz Hauleitner "Dolomiten 6" (2020), p 100. 1558:There is a via ferrata system in the town of 691: 583:The top of the Ferrata Sandro Pertini in the 524: 3264:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2493:. Trans. Dieter Pevsner Cicerone Press 1983 1646:Norwegian Museum of Hydro Power and Industry 762:Via delle Bocchette: the classic via ferrata 3392: 3279:Vladislavljevic, Brana (16 November 2018). 3120:Vehslage, Dany; Vehslage, Thorsten (2021). 2667:Vehslage, Dany; Vehslage, Thorsten (2022). 2616:Vehslage, Dany; Vehslage, Thorsten (2022). 2611: 2609: 2607: 2605: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2508: 2506: 2480: 1871:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 660:, iron climbing aids were installed on the 5632:International Federation of Sport Climbing 4237: 4223: 3655:(in European Portuguese). 31 December 2021 3306:"Via ferrata in Hemsedal to vesle Røggjin" 2061:, mostly privately operated. In 2002, the 1809:. One on the eastern route to the peak of 1534:hut. There are also 4 via ferratas in the 677:was completed before the First World War. 531: 517: 3722: 3113: 2777: 2582:for example, selected for Unsworth, Walt 2383: 2040:Learn how and when to remove this message 1891:Learn how and when to remove this message 1509: 1128:An interesting and historic route is the 4120: 4046: 3723:Warkentin, Kristin (21 September 2016). 3212:d'Angella, Valentina (1 December 2014). 2660: 2596: 2503: 2314:; and Amangiri Resort in southern Utah. 1742:Several via ferrata routes scattered in 1714:species of herbs) and can be found near 1629:, usually named by their Norwegian word 1609: 1506:This small country has 15 vía ferratas. 1110: 982: 961: 752: 695: 578: 4072: 3725:"7 Exhilarating Via Ferratas in Canada" 3032: 2384:Gilchrist, Andrew (17 September 2019). 2261: 1952:There is also an indoor via ferrata in 1272:. Some of the more notable routes are: 27:Type of protected alpine climbing route 14: 5724: 4146: 3885: 2971: 2693: 2636: 2557:"Hit the Heights, but Take the Stairs" 2555:Stephen Regenold (15 September 2006). 1722:and one route in Pietrele Negre, near 1590:There are several via ferratas in the 4218: 4094: 4073:McKenna, Stacey (15 September 2019). 3988: 3962: 3886:Marras, Tatiana (15 September 2019). 3703: 3595: 3358: 3007:http://www.rother.de/titpage/4832.php 1978:There are many via ferrata routes in 1578:There are at least 4 via ferratas in 1526:There are at least 7 vía ferratas in 1280:, in the middle of Lake Como triangle 1276:Via ferrata del Venticinquennale, in 1224:(Val d'Adige) which ascends a gorge. 5692: 4196:John Smith; Graham Fletcher (2003). 4177:John Smith; Graham Fletcher (2002). 3858:According to the following article: 2856:"Black Diamond Equipment Experience" 2022:adding citations to reliable sources 1993: 1989: 1869:adding citations to reliable sources 1836: 1485:There are about 180 via ferratas in 1290:Via ferrata Ernesto Che Guevara, on 592: 5704: 3621: 3525:"Trasy ferrát - ViaFerrataZobor.sk" 3241:"Право на сутра: Via Ferrata Berim" 2302:, California. Other routes include 1132:, involving a traverse of the main 24: 4170: 4047:Bouchard, Nancy (21 August 2019). 3796:NOMADasaurus Adventure Travel Blog 3238: 2778:Rushforth, James (17 April 2018). 2723:. 25 February 2013. Archived from 2057:There are several via ferratas in 1676:boasts a via ferrata opposite the 1303:Via Ferrata del Monte Emilius, on 1009:Austria, with as of 2009 over 550 978: 957: 768:Società degli Alpinisti Tridentini 25: 5743: 5601:South African Climbing Federation 2530:"Gustav Jahn (1879-1919) Alpines" 1832: 1553: 1496: 1317:Via ferrata Deanna Orlandini, in 1095:, the highest peak of the range. 999: 5703: 5691: 5680: 5679: 5667: 4573:IFSC World Championships winners 3914:"Via Ferrata in Rolwaling Nepal" 3361:"Guide to Via Ferrata in Norway" 3174:"Via Ferraty - Ledová stěna Vír" 3107:"Маршрути виа ферата в България" 2696:"Get into via ferrata: the gear" 2281: 1998: 1841: 51: 4147:Murphy, Mary (12 August 2022). 4140: 4121:Davidson, Nick (19 June 2018). 4114: 4095:Stern, Ray (12 February 2019). 4088: 4066: 4040: 4022: 4008: 3982: 3956: 3879: 3852: 3826: 3809: 3784: 3763: 3742: 3716: 3704:Flinn, John (17 January 2010). 3697: 3667: 3641: 3615: 3589: 3563: 3549: 3531: 3517: 3503: 3485: 3467: 3453: 3430: 3416: 3374: 3352: 3334: 3316: 3298: 3272: 3232: 3205: 3180: 3166: 3140: 3099: 3073: 3059: 3045: 3033:Bedding, James (3 April 2008). 3026: 3012: 2999: 2987: 2953: 2947:"Via Ferrata at Corni di Canzo" 2939: 2925: 2899: 2890: 2880: 2866: 2848: 2828: 2798: 2771: 2757: 2748: 2739: 2713: 2687: 2645:Via Ferratas of the French Alps 2345: 2009:needs additional citations for 777: 5571:British Mountaineering Council 3822:. BBC News Online. 3 May 2011. 3596:Smith, Steven (29 June 2020). 3087:(in Bosnian). 12 November 2019 2694:Davies, Carey (16 July 2017). 2586:1985 Oxford Illustrated Press 2576: 2548: 2522: 2464:Dieter Wissekal, Peter Grimm. 2457: 2411: 2377: 2216: 1929:To the west of the village of 1444: 1165:(3220 m), opened in 1966. 574: 13: 1: 3628:Wikiloc | Trails of the World 3359:Guido, Lauren (18 May 2018). 2860:www.blackdiamondequipment.com 2838:retrieved 24 September 2009. 2370: 2290:, Red River Gorge, Kentucky; 2082:Kicking Horse Mountain Resort 952:personal protective equipment 922: 4244: 3989:Sabin, Brook (28 May 2020). 2310:; Picacho Peak in Arizona's 2296:Jackson Hole Mountain Resort 2270:, located in the emirate of 2201:30 minutes from the city of 1106: 1071:, and on either side of the 917: 7: 3324:"Via Ferrata - LOEN Norway" 3009:retrieved 19 September 2012 2466:"Entstehung und Geschichte" 2321: 2172: 1973: 1761: 1737: 1521: 1256:, in the mountains east of 846:are the main requirements. 10: 5748: 4123:"Visit Westworld for Real" 3053:"Klettersteige in Germany" 3020:"Klettersteige in Schweiz" 2806:"Important Notes | Mammut" 2784:. Cicerone Press Limited. 2584:Classic Walks of the World 2468:. via-ferrata-dachstein.at 2266:There is one route in the 1962:in Halvasso, an area near 1695: 1614:The "Via Ferrata Loen" in 1573: 1501: 1480: 1433:(Via Ferrata Extraplomix, 1264:region, split between the 1015:ÖAV (Austrian Alpine Club) 1004: 790: 736:Mines on the Italian Front 692:First World War: Dolomites 638: 633: 593:a harness with two leashes 5663: 5624: 5561:Appalachian Mountain Club 5531: 5524: 5368: 5318: 5237: 5230: 5113: 4992: 4903: 4663: 4654: 4647: 4545: 4470: 4399: 4364: 4268: 4259: 4252: 3557:"Via Ferrata Skuleberget" 3148:"Via ferrata Vodni brana" 2192: 2052: 1800: 1782:and the Slovenian way up 1605: 1585: 1349: 1294:, north of Lake Garda in 809: 5476:Mountain Safety Research 5471:Mountain Equipment Co-op 3771:"From Nordegg With Love" 3382:"Via Ferrata in Romania" 2996:retrieved 1 October 2012 2933:"Klettersteige in Italy" 2874:"Klettersteige in Italy" 2842:13 November 2011 at the 2338: 2208: 2151: 2138: 2118: 1986:with a length of 2190m. 1984:Via Ferrata das Talhadas 1660:. The most known is the 1392: 1335:(a coastal via ferrata). 1325:Ferrata del Cabirol (IT) 1243: 1174:San Martino di Castrozza 1115:At the beginning of the 1098: 851:B (moderately difficult) 551:for "iron path", plural 5606:South Tyrol Alpine Club 5401:Eastern Mountain Sports 5267:Canadian Alpine Journal 5260:American Alpine Journal 4523:Roof and tunnel hacking 3963:Peter (1 August 2018). 3943:dreamersdestination.com 3918:dreamersdestination.com 2643:Richard Miller (2014), 2312:Picacho Peak State Park 2244: 2235: 2163: 1750:, close to the town of 1636:There is a via ferrata 1570:and the eponymous dam. 1464:with 32 routes and the 1204:created in World War I. 1077:Southern Limestone Alps 1019:Northern Limestone Alps 897:E (extremely difficult) 748:South Tyrol Alpine Club 628:Northern Limestone Alps 5426:Holubar Mountaineering 5238:Magazines and journals 4568:IFSC World Cup winners 3463:Via Ferrata Astragalus 2449:: CS1 maint: others ( 1909:Honister's via ferrata 1621:Several via ferratas ( 1618: 1510:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1120: 988: 967: 948:European Economic Area 758: 707: 588: 5551:Alpine Club of Canada 5461:Marmot Mountain Works 5416:GERRY Mountain Sports 2965:www.viaferrata-fr.net 1613: 1381:in the department of 1114: 986: 965: 756: 699: 582: 5581:Club Alpino Italiano 5566:Austrian Alpine Club 5556:American Alpine Club 3653:quilometrosquecontam 3493:"Via Ferrata Vartop" 3328:www.klettersteig.com 3022:. 18 September 2012. 2935:. 17 September 2012. 2308:Cañon City, Colorado 2268:United Arab Emirates 2262:United Arab Emirates 2018:improve this article 1982:, the longest being 1960:Via Ferrata Cornwall 1865:improve this section 1415:Comunidad Valenciana 1238:Madonna di Campiglio 1061:Central Eastern Alps 864:. Some use of arms. 740:Club Alpino Italiano 5576:Club Alpin Français 4950:Mountaineering boot 4563:Piolet d'Or winners 3840:. 11 September 2012 3312:on 28 October 2010. 3109:. 2 September 2020. 3055:. 25 November 2011. 3039:The Daily Telegraph 2913:. 17 September 2019 2816:on 22 December 2015 2278:part of the route. 2177:The via ferrata in 1933:, in the county of 1716:Șugău River (Bicaz) 744:Italian Alpine Club 732:Battle of Caporetto 701:Unexploded ordnance 662:Pic du Midi d'Ossau 565:climbing protection 88:Piolet d'Or winners 5596:German Alpine Club 4181:. Cicerone Press. 4034:Alila Jabal Akhdar 3513:. 1 December 2022. 3426:. 1 December 2022. 2876:. 5 December 2011. 2767:. 5 December 2011. 2562:The New York Times 2534:www.gustav-jahn.at 2304:Royal Gorge Bridge 2090:Sea to Sky Gondola 1644:, starting at the 1619: 1327:, on Capo Caccia, 1121: 989: 968: 929:climbing equipment 883:D (very difficult) 801:Klettersteig-Atlas 766:In the 1930s, the 759: 708: 589: 5719: 5718: 5659: 5658: 5611:Swiss Alpine Club 5364: 5363: 5319:Non-fiction films 5295:Planinski Vestnik 5288:Himalayan Journal 5226: 5225: 4988: 4987: 4617:Historical events 4588:Eight-thousanders 4541: 4540: 4395: 4394: 4101:Phoenix New Times 3969:Atlas & Boots 3867:on 5 January 2010 3710:Los Angeles Times 3497:salvamontbihor.ro 3479:salvamontbihor.ro 3475:"Via Ferrata Vad" 3133:978-3-7562-0415-1 2765:"Petzl catalogue" 2680:978-3-7562-0415-1 2629:978-3-7562-0415-1 2294:, West Virginia; 2228:A via ferrata in 2109:Mount Ernest Ross 2074:Purcell Mountains 2050: 2049: 2042: 1990:Rest of the world 1901: 1900: 1893: 1728:Apuseni Mountains 1703:Peștera Muierilor 1491:Saxon Switzerland 1119:at approx. 3000m. 911: 910: 541: 540: 122:Eight-thousanders 112:Historical events 16:(Redirected from 5739: 5707: 5706: 5695: 5694: 5683: 5682: 5671: 5529: 5528: 5481:Outdoor Research 5235: 5234: 4661: 4660: 4652: 4651: 4622:Grade milestones 4431:Expedition style 4266: 4265: 4257: 4256: 4239: 4232: 4225: 4216: 4215: 4211: 4192: 4164: 4163: 4161: 4159: 4144: 4138: 4137: 4135: 4133: 4118: 4112: 4111: 4109: 4107: 4092: 4086: 4085: 4083: 4081: 4070: 4064: 4063: 4061: 4059: 4044: 4038: 4037: 4026: 4020: 4019: 4012: 4006: 4005: 4003: 4001: 3986: 3980: 3979: 3977: 3975: 3960: 3954: 3953: 3951: 3949: 3935: 3929: 3928: 3926: 3924: 3910: 3904: 3903: 3901: 3899: 3883: 3877: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3863:. Archived from 3856: 3850: 3849: 3847: 3845: 3830: 3824: 3823: 3821: 3813: 3807: 3806: 3804: 3802: 3788: 3782: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3767: 3761: 3760: 3758: 3756: 3746: 3740: 3739: 3737: 3735: 3729:Explore Magazine 3720: 3714: 3713: 3701: 3695: 3694: 3692: 3690: 3681:. Archived from 3671: 3665: 3664: 3662: 3660: 3645: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3634: 3619: 3613: 3612: 3610: 3608: 3593: 3587: 3586: 3584: 3582: 3567: 3561: 3560: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3535: 3529: 3528: 3521: 3515: 3514: 3507: 3501: 3500: 3489: 3483: 3482: 3471: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3451: 3450: 3449: 3447: 3434: 3428: 3427: 3420: 3414: 3413: 3411: 3409: 3399: 3390: 3389: 3378: 3372: 3371: 3369: 3367: 3356: 3350: 3349: 3338: 3332: 3331: 3320: 3314: 3313: 3308:. Archived from 3302: 3296: 3295: 3293: 3291: 3276: 3270: 3269: 3263: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3236: 3230: 3229: 3227: 3225: 3209: 3203: 3202: 3200: 3198: 3184: 3178: 3177: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3159: 3150:. Archived from 3144: 3138: 3137: 3117: 3111: 3110: 3103: 3097: 3096: 3094: 3092: 3077: 3071: 3070: 3063: 3057: 3056: 3049: 3043: 3042: 3030: 3024: 3023: 3016: 3010: 3003: 2997: 2991: 2985: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2957: 2951: 2950: 2943: 2937: 2936: 2929: 2923: 2922: 2920: 2918: 2903: 2897: 2894: 2888: 2884: 2878: 2877: 2870: 2864: 2863: 2852: 2846: 2834:for example see 2832: 2826: 2825: 2823: 2821: 2812:. Archived from 2802: 2796: 2795: 2775: 2769: 2768: 2761: 2755: 2752: 2746: 2743: 2737: 2736: 2734: 2732: 2717: 2711: 2710: 2708: 2706: 2700:www.thebmc.co.uk 2691: 2685: 2684: 2664: 2658: 2657: 2640: 2634: 2633: 2613: 2594: 2580: 2574: 2573: 2571: 2569: 2552: 2546: 2545: 2543: 2541: 2526: 2520: 2510: 2501: 2487: 2478: 2477: 2475: 2473: 2461: 2455: 2454: 2448: 2440: 2415: 2409: 2408: 2406: 2404: 2381: 2364: 2349: 2333:Caminito del Rey 2078:British Columbia 2045: 2038: 2034: 2031: 2025: 2002: 1994: 1937:, Scotland, the 1896: 1889: 1885: 1882: 1876: 1845: 1837: 1726:commune, in the 1662:Via Ferrata Loen 1652:in the fjord of 1592:Rugova Mountains 1462:Bernese Oberland 1234:Brenta Dolomites 1178:Cimon della Pala 844:head for heights 807: 806: 772:Brenta Dolomites 688:, East Austria. 609:Brenta Dolomites 533: 526: 519: 278:Expedition style 117:Grade milestones 55: 32: 31: 21: 5747: 5746: 5742: 5741: 5740: 5738: 5737: 5736: 5722: 5721: 5720: 5715: 5655: 5620: 5520: 5386:Cascade Designs 5360: 5314: 5222: 5109: 4984: 4918:Abalakov thread 4899: 4643: 4537: 4466: 4391: 4360: 4344:Deep-water solo 4248: 4243: 4208: 4189: 4173: 4171:Further reading 4168: 4167: 4157: 4155: 4145: 4141: 4131: 4129: 4119: 4115: 4105: 4103: 4093: 4089: 4079: 4077: 4071: 4067: 4057: 4055: 4045: 4041: 4028: 4027: 4023: 4014: 4013: 4009: 3999: 3997: 3987: 3983: 3973: 3971: 3961: 3957: 3947: 3945: 3937: 3936: 3932: 3922: 3920: 3912: 3911: 3907: 3897: 3895: 3884: 3880: 3870: 3868: 3859: 3857: 3853: 3843: 3841: 3832: 3831: 3827: 3819: 3815: 3814: 3810: 3800: 3798: 3790: 3789: 3785: 3775: 3773: 3769: 3768: 3764: 3754: 3752: 3748: 3747: 3743: 3733: 3731: 3721: 3717: 3702: 3698: 3688: 3686: 3685:on 14 June 2013 3673: 3672: 3668: 3658: 3656: 3647: 3646: 3642: 3632: 3630: 3620: 3616: 3606: 3604: 3602:Falmouth Packet 3594: 3590: 3580: 3578: 3569: 3568: 3564: 3555: 3554: 3550: 3537: 3536: 3532: 3523: 3522: 3518: 3509: 3508: 3504: 3491: 3490: 3486: 3473: 3472: 3468: 3459: 3458: 3454: 3445: 3443: 3436: 3435: 3431: 3422: 3421: 3417: 3407: 3405: 3401: 3400: 3393: 3380: 3379: 3375: 3365: 3363: 3357: 3353: 3340: 3339: 3335: 3322: 3321: 3317: 3304: 3303: 3299: 3289: 3287: 3277: 3273: 3257: 3256: 3249: 3247: 3237: 3233: 3223: 3221: 3210: 3206: 3196: 3194: 3186: 3185: 3181: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3157: 3155: 3146: 3145: 3141: 3134: 3118: 3114: 3105: 3104: 3100: 3090: 3088: 3079: 3078: 3074: 3069:. 3 March 2017. 3065: 3064: 3060: 3051: 3050: 3046: 3031: 3027: 3018: 3017: 3013: 3004: 3000: 2992: 2988: 2976: 2972: 2959: 2958: 2954: 2945: 2944: 2940: 2931: 2930: 2926: 2916: 2914: 2905: 2904: 2900: 2895: 2891: 2885: 2881: 2872: 2871: 2867: 2854: 2853: 2849: 2844:Wayback Machine 2833: 2829: 2819: 2817: 2804: 2803: 2799: 2792: 2776: 2772: 2763: 2762: 2758: 2753: 2749: 2744: 2740: 2730: 2728: 2719: 2718: 2714: 2704: 2702: 2692: 2688: 2681: 2665: 2661: 2655: 2641: 2637: 2630: 2614: 2597: 2581: 2577: 2567: 2565: 2553: 2549: 2539: 2537: 2528: 2527: 2523: 2511: 2504: 2488: 2481: 2471: 2469: 2462: 2458: 2442: 2441: 2429: 2417: 2416: 2412: 2402: 2400: 2382: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2367: 2361:klettersteig.de 2350: 2346: 2341: 2324: 2300:Palisades Tahoe 2284: 2264: 2247: 2238: 2223:Queenstown Hill 2219: 2211: 2199:Huasteca Canyon 2195: 2175: 2166: 2154: 2141: 2121: 2055: 2046: 2035: 2029: 2026: 2015: 2003: 1992: 1976: 1939:Elie Chain Walk 1924:How Stean Gorge 1920:Yorkshire Dales 1897: 1886: 1880: 1877: 1862: 1846: 1835: 1803: 1764: 1740: 1698: 1678:Trondheimsfjord 1625:) are found in 1608: 1588: 1576: 1556: 1524: 1512: 1504: 1499: 1483: 1447: 1395: 1352: 1246: 1170:mountain guides 1156:Tofana di Rozes 1149:Tofana di Mezzo 1134:Monte Cristallo 1130:VF Ivano Dibona 1117:VF Ivano Dibona 1109: 1101: 1054:Mieminger Chain 1007: 1002: 981: 979:Energy absorber 960: 958:Via ferrata set 925: 920: 840:Sure-footedness 797:grading systems 793: 780: 764: 720:First World War 694: 641: 636: 577: 537: 508: 446: 386: 308: 234: 218:Deep-water solo 133: 69: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5745: 5735: 5734: 5717: 5716: 5714: 5713: 5701: 5689: 5677: 5664: 5661: 5660: 5657: 5656: 5654: 5653: 5647: 5641: 5635: 5628: 5626: 5622: 5621: 5619: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5537: 5535: 5526: 5522: 5521: 5519: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5506:The North Face 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5436:Sierra Designs 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5413: 5411:Frostline Kits 5408: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5372: 5370: 5366: 5365: 5362: 5361: 5359: 5358: 5351: 5344: 5337: 5330: 5322: 5320: 5316: 5315: 5313: 5312: 5305: 5302:Rock & Ice 5298: 5291: 5284: 5277: 5270: 5263: 5256: 5249: 5246:Alpine Journal 5241: 5239: 5232: 5228: 5227: 5224: 5223: 5221: 5220: 5219: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5174: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5136:Climbing route 5133: 5128: 5123: 5117: 5115: 5111: 5110: 5108: 5107: 5106: 5105: 5095: 5090: 5089: 5088: 5081:Simul-climbing 5078: 5073: 5072: 5071: 5066: 5056: 5055: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5022:Front pointing 5019: 5014: 5013: 5012: 5007: 4996: 4994: 4990: 4989: 4986: 4985: 4983: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4971: 4970: 4965: 4960: 4958:Avalanche cord 4952: 4947: 4942: 4941: 4940: 4930: 4925: 4923:Bottled oxygen 4920: 4915: 4909: 4907: 4901: 4900: 4898: 4897: 4892: 4887: 4886: 4885: 4875: 4870: 4869: 4868: 4863: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4837: 4836: 4826: 4825: 4824: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4803: 4802: 4797: 4787: 4782: 4781: 4780: 4770: 4765: 4764: 4763: 4758: 4753: 4743: 4742: 4741: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4720: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4699: 4698: 4697: 4687: 4682: 4681: 4680: 4669: 4667: 4658: 4649: 4645: 4644: 4642: 4641: 4636: 4631: 4630: 4629: 4624: 4614: 4613: 4612: 4607: 4597: 4596: 4595: 4590: 4582: 4581: 4580: 4578:IFSC victories 4575: 4570: 4565: 4555: 4549: 4547: 4543: 4542: 4539: 4538: 4536: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4474: 4472: 4468: 4467: 4465: 4464: 4463: 4462: 4452: 4451: 4450: 4445: 4435: 4434: 4433: 4428: 4418: 4417: 4416: 4405: 4403: 4401:Mountaineering 4397: 4396: 4393: 4392: 4390: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4368: 4366: 4362: 4361: 4359: 4358: 4353: 4352: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4331: 4330: 4329: 4324: 4314: 4313: 4312: 4302: 4301: 4300: 4290: 4289: 4288: 4278: 4272: 4270: 4263: 4254: 4250: 4249: 4242: 4241: 4234: 4227: 4219: 4213: 4212: 4206: 4193: 4187: 4172: 4169: 4166: 4165: 4139: 4127:Outside Online 4113: 4087: 4065: 4039: 4021: 4007: 3981: 3955: 3930: 3905: 3878: 3851: 3825: 3808: 3783: 3762: 3741: 3715: 3696: 3666: 3640: 3614: 3588: 3577:. 6 April 2012 3562: 3548: 3530: 3516: 3502: 3484: 3466: 3452: 3442:, January 2022 3429: 3415: 3391: 3386:Google My Maps 3373: 3351: 3333: 3315: 3297: 3271: 3231: 3204: 3188:"Ironed routs" 3179: 3165: 3154:on 4 July 2015 3139: 3132: 3112: 3098: 3072: 3058: 3044: 3025: 3011: 2998: 2986: 2970: 2952: 2938: 2924: 2898: 2889: 2879: 2865: 2847: 2827: 2797: 2790: 2770: 2756: 2747: 2738: 2727:on 13 May 2013 2712: 2686: 2679: 2659: 2653: 2635: 2628: 2595: 2575: 2547: 2521: 2502: 2479: 2456: 2427: 2410: 2375: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2365: 2359:(Spanish) and 2343: 2342: 2340: 2337: 2336: 2335: 2330: 2323: 2320: 2316:Arapahoe Basin 2283: 2280: 2272:Ras Al Khaimah 2263: 2260: 2246: 2243: 2237: 2234: 2218: 2215: 2210: 2207: 2194: 2191: 2183:Mount Kinabalu 2181:is located on 2174: 2171: 2165: 2162: 2153: 2150: 2140: 2137: 2120: 2117: 2063:mountain guide 2054: 2051: 2048: 2047: 2006: 2004: 1997: 1991: 1988: 1975: 1972: 1913:Fleetwith Pike 1899: 1898: 1849: 1847: 1840: 1834: 1833:United Kingdom 1831: 1827:the High Coast 1802: 1799: 1795:Gonžarjeva peč 1763: 1760: 1739: 1736: 1697: 1694: 1690:vertical metre 1607: 1604: 1587: 1584: 1575: 1572: 1555: 1554:Czech Republic 1552: 1523: 1520: 1511: 1508: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1497:Rest of Europe 1495: 1482: 1479: 1446: 1443: 1441:, Grading D). 1431:Canary Islands 1394: 1391: 1363:Massif Central 1351: 1348: 1347: 1346: 1336: 1321: 1315: 1312: 1301: 1298: 1288: 1285:Riva del Garda 1281: 1245: 1242: 1209: 1208: 1205: 1201: 1198: 1191: 1184: 1181: 1176:) ascends the 1166: 1159: 1152: 1151:(3244 m). 1145: 1138: 1108: 1105: 1100: 1097: 1011:Klettersteige, 1006: 1003: 1001: 1000:Notable routes 998: 980: 977: 959: 956: 924: 921: 919: 916: 909: 908: 904: 901: 898: 894: 893: 890: 887: 884: 880: 879: 876: 873: 870: 866: 865: 858: 855: 852: 848: 847: 836: 833: 830: 826: 825: 822: 819: 816: 812: 811: 792: 789: 779: 776: 763: 760: 716:Central Powers 693: 690: 640: 637: 635: 632: 601:mountaineering 576: 573: 555:or in English 539: 538: 536: 535: 528: 521: 513: 510: 509: 507: 506: 505: 504: 499: 494: 484: 479: 478: 477: 472: 462: 456: 453: 452: 448: 447: 445: 444: 439: 434: 432:Simul climbing 429: 424: 419: 418: 417: 407: 402: 396: 393: 392: 388: 387: 385: 384: 379: 374: 369: 364: 359: 354: 349: 344: 339: 334: 329: 324: 318: 315: 314: 310: 309: 307: 306: 305: 304: 294: 293: 292: 282: 281: 280: 275: 265: 264: 263: 258: 247: 244: 243: 241:mountaineering 236: 235: 233: 232: 227: 226: 225: 220: 215: 205: 204: 203: 198: 188: 187: 186: 176: 175: 174: 164: 163: 162: 152: 146: 143: 142: 135: 134: 132: 131: 126: 125: 124: 119: 109: 108: 107: 97: 96: 95: 93:IFSC victories 90: 79: 76: 75: 71: 70: 56: 48: 47: 41: 40: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5744: 5733: 5730: 5729: 5727: 5712: 5711: 5702: 5700: 5699: 5690: 5688: 5687: 5678: 5676: 5675: 5670: 5666: 5665: 5662: 5651: 5648: 5645: 5642: 5639: 5636: 5633: 5630: 5629: 5627: 5625:International 5623: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5538: 5536: 5534: 5530: 5527: 5525:Organizations 5523: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5396:Early Winters 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5376:Black Diamond 5374: 5373: 5371: 5367: 5357: 5356: 5352: 5350: 5349: 5345: 5343: 5342: 5341:The Dawn Wall 5338: 5336: 5335: 5331: 5329: 5328: 5324: 5323: 5321: 5317: 5311: 5310: 5306: 5304: 5303: 5299: 5297: 5296: 5292: 5290: 5289: 5285: 5283: 5282: 5278: 5276: 5275: 5271: 5269: 5268: 5264: 5262: 5261: 5257: 5255: 5254: 5250: 5248: 5247: 5243: 5242: 5240: 5236: 5233: 5229: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5201:Bachar ladder 5199: 5198: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5151:Climbing wall 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5138: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5126:Approach shoe 5124: 5122: 5119: 5118: 5116: 5112: 5104: 5101: 5100: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5087: 5084: 5083: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5061: 5060: 5057: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 5039: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5002: 5001: 4998: 4997: 4995: 4991: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4969: 4966: 4964: 4961: 4959: 4956: 4955: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4939: 4936: 4935: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4910: 4908: 4906: 4902: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4884: 4881: 4880: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4858: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4835: 4832: 4831: 4830: 4827: 4823: 4820: 4819: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4792: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4779: 4776: 4775: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4762: 4759: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4748: 4747: 4746:Climbing rope 4744: 4740: 4737: 4736: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4704: 4703: 4700: 4696: 4693: 4692: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4679: 4676: 4675: 4674: 4671: 4670: 4668: 4666: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4653: 4650: 4646: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4628: 4627:First ascents 4625: 4623: 4620: 4619: 4618: 4615: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4602: 4601: 4598: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4585: 4583: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4560: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4550: 4548: 4544: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4475: 4473: 4469: 4461: 4458: 4457: 4456: 4453: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4440: 4439: 4436: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4423: 4422: 4419: 4415: 4412: 4411: 4410: 4407: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4398: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4369: 4367: 4363: 4357: 4354: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4336: 4335: 4332: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4319: 4318: 4315: 4311: 4308: 4307: 4306: 4303: 4299: 4296: 4295: 4294: 4291: 4287: 4284: 4283: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4273: 4271: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4261:Rock climbing 4258: 4255: 4251: 4247: 4240: 4235: 4233: 4228: 4226: 4221: 4220: 4217: 4209: 4207:1-85284-380-2 4203: 4199: 4194: 4190: 4188:1-85284-362-4 4184: 4180: 4175: 4174: 4154: 4150: 4143: 4128: 4124: 4117: 4102: 4098: 4091: 4076: 4069: 4054: 4050: 4043: 4035: 4031: 4025: 4017: 4016:"Via ferrata" 4011: 3996: 3992: 3985: 3970: 3966: 3959: 3944: 3940: 3934: 3919: 3915: 3909: 3893: 3889: 3882: 3866: 3862: 3855: 3839: 3835: 3829: 3818: 3812: 3797: 3793: 3787: 3772: 3766: 3751: 3745: 3730: 3726: 3719: 3711: 3707: 3700: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3670: 3654: 3650: 3644: 3629: 3625: 3618: 3603: 3599: 3592: 3576: 3572: 3566: 3558: 3552: 3544: 3543:www.hribi.net 3540: 3534: 3526: 3520: 3512: 3506: 3498: 3494: 3488: 3480: 3476: 3470: 3464: 3460:(in Romanian) 3456: 3441: 3440: 3433: 3425: 3419: 3404: 3398: 3396: 3387: 3383: 3377: 3362: 3355: 3347: 3343: 3337: 3329: 3325: 3319: 3311: 3307: 3301: 3286: 3285:Lonely Planet 3282: 3275: 3267: 3261: 3246: 3242: 3235: 3219: 3215: 3208: 3193: 3192:vasaltutak.hu 3189: 3183: 3175: 3169: 3153: 3149: 3143: 3135: 3129: 3125: 3124: 3116: 3108: 3102: 3086: 3082: 3076: 3068: 3062: 3054: 3048: 3040: 3036: 3029: 3021: 3015: 3008: 3002: 2995: 2990: 2984: 2983:1 871890 97 7 2980: 2974: 2966: 2962: 2956: 2948: 2942: 2934: 2928: 2912: 2908: 2902: 2893: 2883: 2875: 2869: 2861: 2857: 2851: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2831: 2815: 2811: 2810:www.mammut.ch 2807: 2801: 2793: 2791:9781783625666 2787: 2783: 2782: 2774: 2766: 2760: 2751: 2742: 2726: 2722: 2716: 2701: 2697: 2690: 2682: 2676: 2672: 2671: 2663: 2656: 2654:9781852846480 2650: 2646: 2639: 2631: 2625: 2621: 2620: 2612: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2593: 2592:0 946609 14 4 2589: 2585: 2579: 2564: 2563: 2558: 2551: 2535: 2531: 2525: 2519: 2515: 2509: 2507: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2486: 2484: 2467: 2460: 2452: 2446: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2424: 2420: 2414: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2380: 2376: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2353:rocjumper.com 2348: 2344: 2334: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2325: 2319: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2288:Torrent Falls 2282:United States 2279: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2259: 2256: 2255:Ollantaytambo 2252: 2242: 2233: 2231: 2226: 2224: 2214: 2206: 2204: 2200: 2190: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2170: 2161: 2159: 2149: 2146: 2136: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2116: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2101: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2070: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2044: 2041: 2033: 2023: 2019: 2013: 2012: 2007:This section 2005: 2001: 1996: 1995: 1987: 1985: 1981: 1971: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1955: 1950: 1946: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1927: 1925: 1921: 1916: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1905:Lake District 1895: 1892: 1884: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1860: 1859: 1855: 1850:This section 1848: 1844: 1839: 1838: 1830: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1798: 1796: 1792: 1787: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1759: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1735: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1720:Vadu Crișului 1717: 1713: 1708: 1704: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1670:Gjølmunnebrua 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1634: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1617: 1612: 1603: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1583: 1581: 1571: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1551: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1519: 1517: 1507: 1494: 1492: 1488: 1478: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1458: 1456: 1452: 1442: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1390: 1386: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1309:Valle D'Aosta 1306: 1305:Monte Emilius 1302: 1299: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1287:on Lake Garda 1286: 1282: 1279: 1275: 1274: 1273: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1230: 1229: 1225: 1223: 1219: 1213: 1206: 1202: 1199: 1196: 1192: 1189: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1164: 1160: 1157: 1153: 1150: 1146: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1126: 1125: 1118: 1113: 1104: 1096: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1057: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1046:Wilder Kaiser 1043: 1039: 1038:Totes Gebirge 1035: 1031: 1026: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 997: 993: 985: 976: 974: 964: 955: 953: 949: 944: 942: 936: 934: 930: 915: 905: 902: 899: 896: 895: 891: 888: 885: 882: 881: 877: 874: 871: 869:C (difficult) 868: 867: 863: 859: 856: 853: 850: 849: 845: 841: 837: 834: 831: 828: 827: 823: 820: 817: 814: 813: 808: 805: 802: 798: 788: 786: 785:Freissinières 775: 773: 769: 755: 751: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 724:Standschützen 721: 717: 713: 706: 702: 698: 689: 687: 683: 678: 676: 672: 668: 667:Wilder Kaiser 663: 659: 655: 651: 650:Grossglockner 647: 631: 629: 625: 621: 617: 612: 610: 604: 602: 598: 597:rock climbing 594: 586: 581: 572: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 534: 529: 527: 522: 520: 515: 514: 512: 511: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 490: 489: 488: 485: 483: 480: 476: 473: 471: 468: 467: 466: 463: 461: 458: 457: 455: 454: 450: 449: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 427:Self rescuing 425: 423: 420: 416: 413: 412: 411: 408: 406: 403: 401: 398: 397: 395: 394: 390: 389: 383: 380: 378: 375: 373: 370: 368: 365: 363: 360: 358: 355: 353: 350: 348: 345: 343: 340: 338: 335: 333: 330: 328: 325: 323: 320: 319: 317: 316: 312: 311: 303: 300: 299: 298: 295: 291: 288: 287: 286: 283: 279: 276: 274: 271: 270: 269: 266: 262: 259: 257: 254: 253: 252: 249: 248: 246: 245: 242: 238: 237: 231: 228: 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Cicerone. 4197: 4178: 4156:. Retrieved 4152: 4142: 4130:. Retrieved 4126: 4116: 4104:. Retrieved 4100: 4090: 4078:. Retrieved 4068: 4056:. Retrieved 4052: 4042: 4033: 4024: 4010: 3998:. Retrieved 3994: 3984: 3972:. Retrieved 3968: 3958: 3946:. Retrieved 3942: 3933: 3921:. Retrieved 3917: 3908: 3896:. Retrieved 3894:(in Italian) 3891: 3881: 3869:. Retrieved 3865:the original 3854: 3842:. Retrieved 3837: 3828: 3811: 3799:. Retrieved 3795: 3786: 3774:. Retrieved 3765: 3753:. Retrieved 3744: 3732:. Retrieved 3728: 3718: 3709: 3699: 3687:. Retrieved 3683:the original 3679:arbraska.com 3678: 3669: 3657:. Retrieved 3652: 3643: 3631:. Retrieved 3627: 3617: 3605:. Retrieved 3601: 3591: 3579:. Retrieved 3574: 3565: 3551: 3542: 3533: 3519: 3505: 3496: 3487: 3478: 3469: 3455: 3444:, retrieved 3438: 3432: 3418: 3406:. Retrieved 3385: 3376: 3364:. Retrieved 3354: 3345: 3336: 3327: 3318: 3310:the original 3300: 3288:. Retrieved 3284: 3274: 3248:. Retrieved 3244: 3234: 3222:. Retrieved 3220:(in Italian) 3217: 3207: 3195:. Retrieved 3191: 3182: 3168: 3156:. Retrieved 3152:the original 3142: 3122: 3115: 3101: 3089:. Retrieved 3084: 3075: 3061: 3047: 3038: 3028: 3014: 3001: 2989: 2973: 2964: 2955: 2941: 2927: 2915:. Retrieved 2911:The Guardian 2910: 2901: 2892: 2882: 2868: 2859: 2850: 2830: 2818:. Retrieved 2814:the original 2809: 2800: 2780: 2773: 2759: 2750: 2741: 2731:19 September 2729:. Retrieved 2725:the original 2715: 2703:. Retrieved 2699: 2689: 2669: 2662: 2647:, Cicerone, 2644: 2638: 2618: 2583: 2578: 2566:. Retrieved 2560: 2550: 2538:. Retrieved 2533: 2524: 2518:0902 363 28X 2499:0902363 46 8 2490: 2472:11 September 2470:. Retrieved 2459: 2418: 2413: 2401:. Retrieved 2390:The Guardian 2389: 2379: 2347: 2292:Nelson Rocks 2285: 2265: 2248: 2239: 2227: 2220: 2212: 2196: 2176: 2167: 2155: 2142: 2126: 2122: 2102: 2071: 2056: 2036: 2027: 2016:Please help 2011:verification 2008: 1983: 1977: 1959: 1958: 1951: 1947: 1943:Kinlochleven 1928: 1917: 1902: 1887: 1878: 1863:Please help 1851: 1822: 1821:and four on 1804: 1794: 1788: 1765: 1741: 1707:Baia de Fier 1699: 1637: 1635: 1630: 1620: 1589: 1577: 1557: 1525: 1513: 1505: 1484: 1470:Lake Lucerne 1459: 1448: 1435:Gran Canaria 1396: 1387: 1378:Hautes Alpes 1375: 1369:and even in 1353: 1292:Monte Casale 1254:Aosta valley 1247: 1231: 1227: 1226: 1214: 1210: 1122: 1102: 1058: 1027: 1010: 1008: 994: 990: 969: 945: 937: 926: 912: 824:Description 800: 794: 781: 778:21st century 765: 710:In 1914 the 709: 679: 642: 613: 605: 590: 557:via ferratas 556: 552: 544: 542: 465:First ascent 367:Roof hacking 357:Rock hopping 273:Alpine style 260: 29: 5732:Via ferrata 5710:WikiProject 5546:Alpine Club 5541:Access Fund 5451:Lowe Alpine 5446:La Sportiva 5183:Fall factor 5076:Self-arrest 5052:Redpointing 4975:Snow anchor 4729:Boulder mat 4678:Daisy chain 4648:Terminology 4639:Terminology 4518:Rooftopping 4460:Hillwalking 4448:Dry-tooling 4414:Via ferrata 4327:Traditional 4305:Competition 4286:Multi-pitch 4269:Disciplines 3948:8 September 3923:8 September 3892:Montagna.TV 3659:4 September 3633:4 September 3366:7 September 3290:11 November 3250:20 December 3224:11 November 3218:Montagna.TV 2705:16 February 2540:11 November 2357:deandar.com 2355:(Spanish), 2217:New Zealand 2158:Mount Kenya 2145:Mount Hōken 2113:Mt. Norquay 2067:Québec City 1881:August 2018 1823:Skuleberget 1819:Kittelfjäll 1791:Vinska Gora 1772:Julian Alps 1654:Åkrafjorden 1600:Zubin Potok 1451:Switzerland 1445:Switzerland 1270:Julian Alps 1260:and in the 1218:Mezzocorona 1195:Sella group 1188:Sella Group 1089:Carnic Alps 1073:Hohe Tauern 1069:Stubai Alps 933:fall factor 842:and a good 810:Comparison 728:Kaiserjäger 718:during the 682:Gustav Jahn 675:Sella Group 575:Description 553:vie ferrate 545:via ferrata 415:Redpointing 391:Key actions 362:Rooftopping 313:Other types 302:Hillwalking 290:Dry-tooling 261:Via ferrata 201:Traditional 179:Competition 160:Multi-pitch 129:Terminology 67:Switzerland 5334:El Capitan 5098:Traversing 5047:Onsighting 5027:Glissading 5010:Dülfersitz 5005:Australian 4968:Transeiver 4913:Alpenstock 4846:Portaledge 4834:Copperhead 4773:Descenders 4707:Auto belay 4498:Commercial 4478:Buildering 4455:Scrambling 4365:Rock types 4356:Top roping 4293:Bouldering 4158:23 January 4153:GearJunkie 4132:21 January 4106:21 January 4080:21 January 4058:21 January 4053:GearJunkie 3871:6 February 3689:17 January 3581:29 January 3446:4 February 3408:4 February 3245:www.rts.rs 3091:9 February 2887:Tomaselli) 2820:17 October 2428:370222548X 2403:21 January 2371:References 2328:Alta Via 1 1815:Funäsdalen 1811:Kebnekaise 1712:Astragalus 1623:15 in 2020 1532:Malyovitsa 1455:Urner Alps 1403:Montserrat 1250:Lake Garda 1093:Hohe Warte 1085:East Tirol 923:Background 862:scrambling 746:) and the 442:Techniques 437:Traversing 342:Commercial 322:Buildering 297:Scrambling 230:Top roping 167:Bouldering 63:Graubünden 59:Piz Mitgel 5486:Patagonia 5369:Companies 5355:Hard Grit 5348:Free Solo 5216:MoonBoard 5211:Hangboard 5197:Training 5146:Guidebook 5121:Ape index 5086:Rope team 5000:Abseiling 4945:Ice screw 4851:Quickdraw 4734:Carabiner 4656:Equipment 4634:Technique 4600:Equipment 4483:Canyoning 4421:Himalayan 4349:Rope solo 4339:Free solo 3750:"The Fox" 3622:Wikiloc. 3346:www.tt.no 3085:Visit BiH 3041:. 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