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Buddhist surname

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326:, and became general practice in China after 385. Previously Chinese monks and nuns used several other Buddhist surnames, typically designating the ethnonational origin of their foreign preceptors. 2351: 1800: 1468: 1391: 1680: 1212: 519:
The adoption of a Buddhist surname signifies the ordinand's severance of family bonds and their full devotion to the teachings of the Buddha.
1290: 1931: 1396: 743: 294:, which are combined in the surname-first East-Asian naming order. Since the 4th century the standard Buddhist surname has been 2507: 712: 682: 2512: 2217: 2064: 2497: 1736: 1638: 2502: 2346: 2222: 2069: 2138: 183: 35: 2356: 1785: 1772: 1353: 51: 1489: 1116: 1068: 736: 1594: 794: 1883: 1144: 865: 674: 2487: 2326: 2195: 315: 2297: 2153: 1690: 979: 259: 2466: 2036: 729: 1368: 2054: 1963: 1730: 1601: 1458: 1087: 1805: 850: 197: 2093: 1825: 1560: 389:
360–434) or Zhu Daosheng was one of the last influential monks to use Zhu rather than Shi.
8: 2453: 2190: 2180: 2103: 2078: 1401: 1135: 1111: 666: 283: 141: 2316: 2259: 2023: 1703: 1496: 1378: 1058: 1032: 908: 799: 662: 2492: 2402: 2168: 1657: 1537: 931: 897: 892: 708: 678: 464: 2287: 2163: 2158: 2059: 1877: 1545: 1514: 1421: 1280: 1001: 704: 508: 496: 474: 456: 430: 400: 334: 76: 721: 695:(2013). "Buddhist Influence on Early Daoism: A Survey of Scriptural Evidence". In 2292: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2133: 2098: 2049: 2007: 1973: 1901: 1778: 1685: 1527: 1504: 1463: 1217: 1177: 989: 374: 692: 2185: 2148: 2027: 2019: 1958: 1950: 1926: 1916: 1848: 1792: 1757: 1633: 1615: 1565: 1305: 1240: 1184: 860: 785: 354: 97: 2481: 2175: 2083: 2002: 1891: 1872: 1857: 1762: 1725: 1608: 1575: 1555: 1478: 1453: 1448: 1435: 1406: 1363: 1300: 1207: 1192: 1163: 1076: 870: 752: 696: 412: 2441: 2429: 2379: 2373: 2368: 2227: 1921: 1867: 1862: 1815: 1749: 1675: 1665: 1644: 1588: 1522: 1473: 1335: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1285: 1260: 1250: 1157: 938: 756: 486: 83: 2414: 2336: 1995: 1990: 1985: 1906: 1820: 1810: 1670: 1628: 1623: 1440: 1416: 1358: 1325: 1295: 1275: 1270: 1245: 1235: 1202: 1197: 1013: 994: 948: 943: 824: 291: 2407: 2390: 2331: 2311: 1968: 1896: 1843: 1839: 1767: 1583: 1550: 1483: 1386: 1330: 1152: 1106: 1063: 1018: 969: 902: 882: 845: 819: 775: 770: 311: 339: 241: 58: 42: 2419: 2306: 2282: 2044: 1936: 1696: 1411: 1094: 1028: 974: 921: 916: 789: 446: 323: 319: 234: 111: 310:), which is the first syllable of Shijiamouni, the Chinese word for 2436: 2424: 2385: 2363: 2254: 2143: 2088: 1911: 1710: 1170: 1123: 1082: 1053: 1041: 984: 964: 926: 887: 482: 416: 382: 378: 364: 220: 118: 2277: 2249: 1717: 1345: 1100: 1006: 855: 829: 780: 442: 438: 420: 1047: 2446: 2321: 1431: 877: 408: 344: 160: 503:) which came from the Chinese word for the surname of several 2396: 2125: 2111: 2107: 551: 549: 547: 545: 543: 504: 645: 621: 597: 573: 633: 585: 540: 528: 609: 123: 381:(292–361) or Zhu Jingjian was the first nun of China. 264: 561: 102: 88: 202: 188: 751: 701:
Buddhism in China: Collected Papers of Erik ZĂŒrcher
2479: 146: 463:) which came from Yutian (the Chinese word for 239: 225: 737: 437:) which came from Anxi (the Chinese word for 56: 40: 661: 651: 639: 627: 615: 603: 591: 579: 555: 534: 165: 744: 730: 369: 691: 567: 359: 2480: 314:. This practice was introduced by the 725: 671:The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism 392:Other Buddhist surnames included: 329:The most notable early surname was 13: 14: 2524: 322:in around 370, when he stayed in 286:, monks and nuns usually adopt a 1392:Democratic Republic of the Congo 124: 481:) which was a designation for 377:(the Chinese word for India). 349: 265: 203: 189: 103: 89: 57: 41: 1: 522: 386: 2508:Vietnamese-language surnames 411:or its successor state, the 7: 10: 2529: 2513:Japanese-language surnames 2055:Imperial, royal, and noble 675:Princeton University Press 2498:Chinese-language surnames 2462: 2270: 2242: 2139:Imperial, royal and noble 2124: 2035: 2016: 1949: 1838: 1748: 1656: 1574: 1536: 1513: 1430: 1377: 1344: 1259: 1226: 1143: 1132: 1027: 957: 838: 812: 763: 512: 500: 478: 460: 434: 404: 338: 276: 258: 253: 249: 240: 233: 226: 219: 214: 196: 182: 177: 173: 166: 159: 154: 140: 135: 117: 110: 96: 82: 75: 70: 66: 50: 34: 29: 25: 20: 2503:Korean-language surnames 980:Maiden and married names 652:Buswell & Lopez 2014 640:Buswell & Lopez 2014 628:Buswell & Lopez 2014 616:Buswell & Lopez 2014 604:Buswell & Lopez 2014 592:Buswell & Lopez 2014 580:Buswell & Lopez 2014 556:Buswell & Lopez 2014 535:Buswell & Lopez 2014 36:Traditional Chinese 2467:Category:Lists of names 52:Simplified Chinese 1397:Eritrean and Ethiopian 663:Buswell, Robert E. Jr. 147: 2327:Galton–Watson process 1932:Ancient Tamil country 1354:Australian Aboriginal 316:Jin dynasty (266–420) 298:(Chinese: 釋, Korean: 2094:Post-nominal letters 1213:Indigenous Taiwanese 707:. pp. 105–164. 667:Lopez, Donald S. Jr. 441:). Examples include 184:Revised Romanization 2454:Surnames by country 2079:Pre-nominal letters 1136:Surnames by country 415:. Examples include 373:), which came from 284:East Asian Buddhism 2317:Endonym and exonym 2260:Calendar of saints 2243:Related traditions 2017:Manners of address 1379:Sub-Saharan Africa 800:Nobiliary particle 407:) which came from 2475: 2474: 2403:Personal identity 2238: 2237: 1945: 1944: 1886: 1834: 1833: 1795: 1788: 1781: 1739: 1720: 1713: 1706: 1699: 1647: 1618: 1611: 1604: 1597: 1499: 1492: 1187: 1180: 1173: 1166: 958:By life situation 911: 714:978-90-04-25093-2 697:Silk, Jonathan A. 684:978-0-691-15786-3 280: 279: 272: 271: 210: 209: 198:McCune–Reischauer 131: 130: 77:Standard Mandarin 2520: 2488:Buddhist culture 2288:Anthropomorphism 2033: 2032: 1981:Buddhist surname 1882: 1791: 1784: 1777: 1737:Hispanic America 1735: 1716: 1709: 1702: 1695: 1643: 1614: 1607: 1602:African-American 1600: 1593: 1511: 1510: 1495: 1488: 1459:Ashkenazi Jewish 1264:and Western Asia 1229:and Central Asia 1183: 1176: 1169: 1162: 1141: 1140: 1002:Placeholder name 907: 851:Double-barrelled 746: 739: 732: 723: 722: 718: 688: 655: 649: 643: 637: 631: 625: 619: 613: 607: 601: 595: 589: 583: 577: 571: 565: 559: 553: 538: 532: 514: 502: 485:. An example is 480: 462: 436: 406: 388: 371: 361: 351: 342: 288:Buddhist surname 268: 267: 251: 250: 245: 244: 229: 228: 206: 205: 192: 191: 175: 174: 169: 168: 150: 127: 126: 106: 105: 92: 91: 68: 67: 62: 61: 46: 45: 18: 17: 2528: 2527: 2523: 2522: 2521: 2519: 2518: 2517: 2478: 2477: 2476: 2471: 2458: 2293:Personification 2266: 2234: 2120: 2022: 2018: 2012: 2008:Theophoric name 1941: 1846: 1830: 1744: 1652: 1570: 1532: 1509: 1438: 1426: 1373: 1340: 1263: 1255: 1228: 1222: 1134: 1128: 1023: 990:Posthumous name 953: 834: 808: 759: 750: 715: 685: 658: 650: 646: 638: 634: 630:, p. 1040. 626: 622: 614: 610: 606:, p. 1055. 602: 598: 590: 586: 582:, p. 1058. 578: 574: 566: 562: 554: 541: 533: 529: 525: 136:Vietnamese name 12: 11: 5: 2526: 2516: 2515: 2510: 2505: 2500: 2495: 2490: 2473: 2472: 2470: 2469: 2463: 2460: 2459: 2457: 2456: 2451: 2450: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2433: 2432: 2417: 2412: 2411: 2410: 2400: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2376: 2371: 2366: 2361: 2360: 2359: 2354: 2349: 2341: 2340: 2339: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2309: 2304: 2303: 2302: 2301: 2300: 2285: 2280: 2274: 2272: 2268: 2267: 2265: 2264: 2263: 2262: 2252: 2246: 2244: 2240: 2239: 2236: 2235: 2233: 2232: 2231: 2230: 2225: 2223:Ecclesiastical 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2199: 2198: 2193: 2183: 2178: 2173: 2172: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2136: 2130: 2128: 2122: 2121: 2119: 2118: 2117: 2116: 2115: 2114: 2101: 2091: 2081: 2076: 2075: 2074: 2073: 2072: 2070:Ecclesiastical 2062: 2057: 2052: 2041: 2039: 2030: 2014: 2013: 2011: 2010: 2005: 2000: 1999: 1998: 1988: 1983: 1978: 1977: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1959:Christian name 1955: 1953: 1947: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1940: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1888: 1887: 1875: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1854: 1852: 1849:Southeast Asia 1836: 1835: 1832: 1831: 1829: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1797: 1796: 1789: 1782: 1773:Eastern Slavic 1770: 1765: 1760: 1754: 1752: 1746: 1745: 1743: 1742: 1741: 1740: 1728: 1723: 1722: 1721: 1714: 1707: 1700: 1688: 1683: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1662: 1660: 1654: 1653: 1651: 1650: 1649: 1648: 1636: 1631: 1626: 1621: 1620: 1619: 1612: 1605: 1598: 1586: 1580: 1578: 1572: 1571: 1569: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1542: 1540: 1534: 1533: 1531: 1530: 1525: 1519: 1517: 1508: 1507: 1502: 1501: 1500: 1493: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1445: 1443: 1428: 1427: 1425: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1383: 1381: 1375: 1374: 1372: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1350: 1348: 1342: 1341: 1339: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1267: 1265: 1257: 1256: 1254: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1232: 1230: 1224: 1223: 1221: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1190: 1189: 1188: 1181: 1174: 1167: 1155: 1149: 1147: 1138: 1130: 1129: 1127: 1126: 1121: 1120: 1119: 1114: 1104: 1097: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1080: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1051: 1044: 1038: 1036: 1025: 1024: 1022: 1021: 1016: 1011: 1010: 1009: 999: 998: 997: 992: 982: 977: 972: 967: 961: 959: 955: 954: 952: 951: 946: 941: 936: 935: 934: 924: 919: 914: 913: 912: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 874: 873: 868: 863: 853: 848: 842: 840: 836: 835: 833: 832: 827: 822: 816: 814: 810: 809: 807: 806: 805: 804: 803: 802: 792: 778: 773: 767: 765: 761: 760: 753:Personal names 749: 748: 741: 734: 726: 720: 719: 713: 689: 683: 657: 656: 654:, p. 127. 644: 642:, p. 414. 632: 620: 608: 596: 594:, p. 913. 584: 572: 570:, p. 113. 560: 558:, p. 802. 539: 537:, p. 905. 526: 524: 521: 517: 516: 490: 468: 450: 424: 302:, Vietnamese: 278: 277: 274: 273: 270: 269: 262: 256: 255: 254:Transcriptions 247: 246: 237: 231: 230: 223: 217: 216: 212: 211: 208: 207: 200: 194: 193: 186: 180: 179: 178:Transcriptions 171: 170: 163: 157: 156: 152: 151: 144: 138: 137: 133: 132: 129: 128: 121: 115: 114: 112:Yue: Cantonese 108: 107: 100: 94: 93: 86: 80: 79: 73: 72: 71:Transcriptions 64: 63: 54: 48: 47: 38: 32: 31: 27: 26: 23: 22: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2525: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2496: 2494: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2485: 2483: 2468: 2465: 2464: 2461: 2455: 2452: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2431: 2428: 2427: 2426: 2423: 2422: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2409: 2406: 2405: 2404: 2401: 2399: 2398: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2381: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2365: 2362: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2344: 2342: 2338: 2335: 2334: 2333: 2330: 2328: 2325: 2323: 2320: 2318: 2315: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2299: 2296: 2295: 2294: 2291: 2290: 2289: 2286: 2284: 2281: 2279: 2276: 2275: 2273: 2269: 2261: 2258: 2257: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2248: 2247: 2245: 2241: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2220: 2219: 2216: 2214: 2211: 2209: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2197: 2194: 2192: 2189: 2188: 2187: 2184: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2174: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2140: 2137: 2135: 2132: 2131: 2129: 2127: 2123: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2096: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2086: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2071: 2068: 2067: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2047: 2046: 2043: 2042: 2040: 2038: 2034: 2031: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2015: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2003:Mandaean name 2001: 1997: 1994: 1993: 1992: 1989: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1964:Biblical name 1962: 1961: 1960: 1957: 1956: 1954: 1952: 1948: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1910: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1890: 1885: 1881: 1880: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1794: 1790: 1787: 1783: 1780: 1776: 1775: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1755: 1753: 1751: 1747: 1738: 1734: 1733: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1719: 1715: 1712: 1708: 1705: 1701: 1698: 1694: 1693: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1663: 1661: 1659: 1655: 1646: 1642: 1641: 1640: 1637: 1635: 1632: 1630: 1627: 1625: 1622: 1617: 1613: 1610: 1606: 1603: 1599: 1596: 1592: 1591: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1541: 1539: 1535: 1529: 1526: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1518: 1516: 1512: 1506: 1503: 1498: 1494: 1491: 1490:Ancient Greek 1487: 1486: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1472: 1470: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1446: 1444: 1442: 1437: 1436:North America 1433: 1429: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1388: 1385: 1384: 1382: 1380: 1376: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1351: 1349: 1347: 1343: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1268: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1233: 1231: 1227:Northern Asia 1225: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1186: 1182: 1179: 1175: 1172: 1168: 1165: 1161: 1160: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1150: 1148: 1146: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1131: 1125: 1122: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1109: 1108: 1105: 1103: 1102: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1089: 1086: 1085: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1078: 1077:Nom de guerre 1074: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1049: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1012: 1008: 1005: 1004: 1003: 1000: 996: 993: 991: 988: 987: 986: 983: 981: 978: 976: 973: 971: 968: 966: 963: 962: 960: 956: 950: 947: 945: 942: 940: 937: 933: 930: 929: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 910: 906: 905: 904: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 872: 869: 867: 864: 862: 859: 858: 857: 854: 852: 849: 847: 844: 843: 841: 837: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 817: 815: 811: 801: 798: 797: 796: 793: 791: 787: 784: 783: 782: 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 768: 766: 764:Personal name 762: 758: 754: 747: 742: 740: 735: 733: 728: 727: 724: 716: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 693:ZĂŒrcher, Erik 690: 686: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 659: 653: 648: 641: 636: 629: 624: 618:, p. 37. 617: 612: 605: 600: 593: 588: 581: 576: 569: 564: 557: 552: 550: 548: 546: 544: 536: 531: 527: 520: 510: 506: 498: 494: 491: 488: 484: 476: 472: 469: 466: 458: 454: 451: 448: 444: 440: 432: 428: 425: 422: 418: 414: 413:Kushan Empire 410: 402: 398: 395: 394: 393: 390: 384: 380: 376: 372: 366: 362: 356: 352: 346: 341: 336: 332: 327: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 275: 263: 261: 257: 252: 248: 243: 238: 236: 232: 224: 222: 218: 215:Japanese name 213: 201: 199: 195: 187: 185: 181: 176: 172: 164: 162: 158: 153: 149: 145: 143: 139: 134: 122: 120: 116: 113: 109: 101: 99: 95: 87: 85: 81: 78: 74: 69: 65: 60: 55: 53: 49: 44: 39: 37: 33: 28: 24: 19: 16: 2442:Signum manus 2430:Royal cypher 2395: 2380:Nomen nescio 2378: 2374:Nomenclature 2369:Naming taboo 2181:Professional 2024:of authority 1980: 1974:Saint's name 1639:Scandinavian 1261:Muslim world 1099: 1075: 1046: 898:Occupational 757:anthroponymy 700: 670: 647: 635: 623: 611: 599: 587: 575: 568:ZĂŒrcher 2013 563: 530: 518: 492: 487:Kang Senghui 470: 452: 426: 396: 391: 368: 358: 348: 330: 328: 307: 306:, Japanese: 303: 299: 295: 287: 281: 260:Romanization 84:Hanyu Pinyin 30:Chinese name 15: 2415:Proper name 2337:Name change 2191:Educational 2169:Substantive 2108:decorations 1991:Jewish name 1986:Dharma name 1951:By religion 1616:Hongkongese 1441:Australasia 1281:Azerbaijani 1014:Regnal name 995:Temple name 825:Middle name 813:By sequence 790:Matrilineal 786:Patrilineal 507:kings, Bo ( 292:Dharma name 155:Korean name 2482:Categories 2408:Identifier 2391:Onomastics 2332:Legal name 2312:Deadnaming 2208:Diplomatic 2164:Subsidiary 2159:Hereditary 2050:Diplomatic 1969:Papal name 1878:Indonesian 1844:South Asia 1840:Indosphere 1806:Macedonian 1779:Belarusian 1686:Portuguese 1528:Lithuanian 1422:Zimbabwean 1218:Vietnamese 1178:Generation 1145:East Asian 1133:By culture 1107:Stage name 1064:Hypocorism 1029:Pseudonyms 1019:Slave name 970:Birth name 922:Teknonymic 903:Patronymic 883:Matronymic 846:Diminutive 820:First name 776:Given name 771:Birth name 523:References 355:Wade–Giles 312:Shakyamuni 142:Vietnamese 98:Wade–Giles 2420:Signature 2307:Call sign 2283:Anonymity 2218:Religious 2144:Chivalric 2065:Religious 2060:Judiciary 2045:Honorific 2028:of honour 1927:Sinhalese 1917:Pakistani 1902:Malaysian 1897:Cambodian 1801:Kashubian 1793:Ukrainian 1758:Bulgarian 1697:Praenomen 1634:Icelandic 1505:Hungarian 1306:Pakistani 1241:Mongolian 1095:Ring name 1088:Heteronym 1054:Nicknames 975:Code name 927:Toponymic 917:Sobriquet 893:Mononymic 888:Metonymic 830:Last name 447:An Shigao 324:Xiangyang 235:Shinjitai 2493:Surnames 2437:Khelrtva 2425:Monogram 2386:Misnomer 2364:Namesake 2298:National 2255:Name day 2213:Judicial 2203:Business 2196:Honorary 2186:Academic 2176:Military 2149:Courtesy 2134:Academic 2099:Academic 2089:Emeritus 1892:Javanese 1873:Filipino 1858:Balinese 1826:Suffixes 1763:Croatian 1726:Romanian 1711:Cognomen 1609:Canadian 1595:American 1576:Germanic 1561:Scottish 1479:Georgian 1469:Estonian 1454:Armenian 1449:Albanian 1407:Ghanaian 1364:Hawaiian 1301:Mandaean 1208:Okinawan 1193:Japanese 1164:Courtesy 1124:Username 1117:Mononyms 1083:Pen name 1069:Monarchs 1042:Art name 985:Necronym 965:Aptronym 878:Eponymic 839:By trait 669:(2014). 483:Sogdiana 417:Zhi Qian 383:Daosheng 379:Jingjian 365:Jyutping 221:Hiragana 119:Jyutping 2357:Surname 2278:Acronym 2271:Related 2250:Baptism 1884:Chinese 1868:Burmese 1863:Bengali 1816:Serbian 1786:Russian 1731:Spanish 1718:Agnomen 1681:Occitan 1676:Italian 1666:Catalan 1658:Romance 1645:Swedish 1589:English 1546:Cornish 1523:Latvian 1497:Cypriot 1474:Finnish 1387:Ashanti 1346:Oceania 1336:Turkish 1316:Persian 1311:Pashtun 1286:Bengali 1251:Tibetan 1158:Chinese 1101:Shikona 1007:Notname 939:Patrial 932:Surname 909:Surname 856:Epithet 795:Affixes 781:Surname 699:(ed.). 509:Chinese 497:Chinese 475:Chinese 457:Chinese 443:An Xuan 439:Arsacid 431:Chinese 421:Zhi Dun 401:Chinese 375:Tianzhu 335:Chinese 2447:Tughra 2352:Middle 2322:Family 2126:Titles 2112:medals 2110:, and 2104:Orders 2084:Suffix 2037:Styles 1996:Hebrew 1922:Sindhi 1907:Indian 1821:Slovak 1811:Polish 1750:Slavic 1671:French 1629:Gothic 1624:German 1538:Celtic 1515:Baltic 1464:Basque 1432:Europe 1417:Yoruba 1359:Fijian 1326:Somali 1321:Sindhi 1296:Coptic 1291:Berber 1276:Arabic 1271:Afghan 1236:Kalmyk 1203:Manchu 1198:Korean 1185:Titles 949:Virtue 944:Unisex 866:Common 861:Animal 711:  681:  665:& 511:: 499:: 477:: 465:Khotan 459:: 433:: 409:Yuezhi 403:: 367:: 357:: 347:: 345:pinyin 337:: 320:Dao'an 290:and a 161:Hangul 2397:-onym 2347:Given 2343:List 2228:Papal 2154:False 1768:Czech 1704:Nomen 1691:Roman 1584:Dutch 1566:Welsh 1551:Irish 1484:Greek 1369:Māori 1331:Tatar 1246:Sakha 1153:Amami 871:Plant 705:Brill 505:Kucha 318:monk 308:Shaku 304:ThĂ­ch 266:Shaku 148:ThĂ­ch 2020:List 1937:Thai 1847:and 1556:Manx 1439:and 1412:Igbo 1112:List 1059:list 1048:Bugƍ 1033:list 755:and 709:ISBN 679:ISBN 471:Kang 445:and 419:and 300:Seok 190:Seok 104:Shih 1912:Lao 1402:Ewe 1171:Art 397:Zhi 370:Zuk 360:Chu 350:ZhĂș 331:Zhu 296:Shi 282:In 227:しゃく 204:SƏk 125:Sik 90:ShĂŹ 21:Shi 2484:: 2106:, 1434:, 703:. 677:. 673:. 542:^ 515:). 493:Bo 467:). 453:Yu 427:An 387:c. 363:; 353:; 343:; 2026:/ 1851:) 1842:( 1035:) 1031:( 788:/ 745:e 738:t 731:v 717:. 687:. 513:癜 501:澛 495:( 489:. 479:ćș· 473:( 461:äșŽ 455:( 449:. 435:漉 429:( 423:. 405:æ”Ż 399:( 385:( 340:ç«ș 333:( 242:釈 167:석 59:释 43:釋

Index

Traditional Chinese
釋
Simplified Chinese
释
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Wade–Giles
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping
Vietnamese
Hangul
Revised Romanization
McCune–Reischauer
Hiragana
Shinjitai
釈
Romanization
East Asian Buddhism
Dharma name
Shakyamuni
Jin dynasty (266–420)
Dao'an
Xiangyang
Chinese
ç«ș
pinyin
Wade–Giles
Jyutping
Tianzhu
Jingjian

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