1190:
1178:
1224:
786:
1087:, comes from the idea of wearing a simple durable form of protection for the body from weather and climate. In each tradition, there is uniformity in the color and style of dress. Color is often chosen due to the wider availability of certain pigments in a given geographical region. In Tibet and the Himalayan regions (Kashmir, Nepal and Bhutan), red is the preferred pigment used in the dyeing of robes. In Myanmar, reddish brown; In India, Sri Lanka and South-East Asia, various shades of yellow, ochre and orange prevail. In China, Korea, Japan and Vietnam, gray or black is common. Monks often make their own robes from cloth that is donated to them.
1239:
1150:
1138:
1126:
1258:
1076:
1064:
1277:
778:
51:
4961:
4972:
1708:
1114:
2370:
2357:
1162:
1209:
2347:
1303:
942:
won the right to proselytize inside cities, ending a five-hundred year ban on clergy members entering cities. Currently, priests (lay religious leaders) in Japan choose to observe vows as appropriate to their family situation. Celibacy and other forms of abstaining are generally "at will" for varying
896:
Monastics take their vows for life but can renounce them and return to non-monastic life and even take the vows again later. A person can take them up to three times or seven times in one life, depending on the particular practices of each school of discipline; after that, the sangha should not
922:
for twelve years of isolated training and follow the major themes of the 250 precepts: celibacy, non-harming, no intoxicants, vegetarian eating and reducing labor for gain. After twelve years, monastics would then use the Vinaya precepts as a provisional or supplemental, guideline to conduct
705:
He is not a monk just because he lives on others' alms. Not by adopting outward form does one become a true monk. Whoever here (in the
Dispensation) lives a holy life, transcending both merit and demerit, and walks with understanding in this world — he is truly called a
1102:, a special Kathina robe is made in 24 hours from donations by lay supporters of a temple. The robe is donated to the temple or monastery and the resident monks then select from their own number a single monk to receive this special robe.
994:
were given private ownership of temple property and given the rights of inheritance to such property. More importantly, monks from pro-Japanese factions began to adopt
Japanese practices, by marrying and having children.
1090:
The robes of
Tibetan novices and monks differ in various aspects, especially in the application of "holes" in the dress of monks. Some monks tear their robes into pieces and then mend these pieces together again.
1189:
658:
lifestyle. Those of his more serious students who renounced their lives as householders and came to study full-time under his supervision also adopted this lifestyle. These full-time student members of the
990:) changed the traditional system whereby temples were run as a collective enterprise by the Sangha, replacing this system with Japanese-style management practices in which temple abbots appointed by the
809:
In the
Mahayana monasticism is part of the system of "vows of individual liberation". These vows are taken by monks and nuns from the ordinary sangha, in order to develop personal ethical discipline. In
1385:
the earth by digging it. Having no tie, which unites their interests with those of the people, they are ready, at all times, with spiritual arms, to enforce obedience to the will of the sovereign.
897:
accept them again. In this way, Buddhism keeps the vows "clean". It is possible to keep them or to leave this lifestyle, but it is considered extremely negative to break these vows.
1381:
The
Talapoys cannot be engaged in any of the temporal concerns of life; they must not trade or do any kind of manual labour, for the sake of a reward; they are not allowed to
718:. So, Gotami agreed to accept the Eight Garudhammas and was accorded the status of the first bhikkhuni. Subsequent women had to undergo full ordination to become nuns.
2024:
1691:
934:
during the 1870s, the government abolished celibacy and vegetarianism for
Buddhist monastics in an effort to secularise them and promote the newly created
3111:
1177:
4026:
2501:
2158:
663:
became the community of ordained monastics who wandered from town to city throughout the year, living off alms and stopping in one place only for the
4030:
4254:
1937:
1907:
1322:
literature before the mid-20th century, Buddhist monks, particularly from East Asia and French
Indochina, were often referred to by the term
1785:
2471:
1223:
5017:
2579:
1986:
324:
2314:
2336:
1684:
1137:
4846:
4298:
1149:
2258:
Embassy to the eastern courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat: in the U. S. sloop-of-war
Peacock ... during the years 1832–3–4
2049:
4501:
2481:
1022:, the upāsaka, pravrajyā and bhikṣu ordinations are usually taken at ages six, fourteen and twenty-one or older, respectively.
2208:
1965:
1877:
2291:
2140:
2111:
2083:
250:
2179:
1125:
2664:
2506:
1677:
1238:
5012:
4841:
4738:
4288:
2383:
2221:
Etymology: 16th
Century: from French, literally: Buddhist monk, from Portuguese talapão, from Mon tala pōi our lord ...
1835:
2584:
2266:
1815:
4831:
2020:
4516:
4261:
1276:
616:. Their lifestyles are shaped to support their spiritual practice: to live a simple and meditative life and attain
17:
1161:
861:), which includes wearing monk's or nun's robes. After that, one can become a samanera or samaneri "novice" (Skt.
741:. Laypeople undergo ordination as a novitiate (śrāmaṇera or sāmanera) in a rite known as the "going forth" (Pali:
4908:
4898:
2727:
1257:
4853:
4506:
4308:
4199:
4144:
2717:
1410:
947:
785:
5002:
4823:
4521:
4204:
2496:
2329:
909:
4406:
4278:
4249:
3951:
2155:
1113:
4097:
4006:
3476:
3121:
2634:
2529:
914:
3641:
1581:
1092:
834:
4946:
4426:
3902:
3388:
2511:
2344:
1929:
3836:
2304:
4836:
4649:
4639:
4511:
3494:
3074:
2835:
2810:
2252:
1390:
1311:
991:
963:
2860:
1498:
5007:
4941:
4293:
4107:
4085:
4078:
3981:
3514:
3134:
2950:
2895:
2516:
2322:
1041:
In
Mahayana traditions, a Bhikṣu may take additional vows not related to ordination, including the
623:
A person under the age of 20 cannot be ordained as a bhikkhu or bhikkhuni but can be ordained as a
366:
1903:
4997:
4878:
4858:
4189:
4169:
3926:
3656:
2900:
1781:
1095:
cannot wear the "chö-göö", a yellow tissue worn during teachings by both novices and full monks.
814:
and Vajrayana, the term "sangha" is, in principle, often understood to refer particularly to the
31:
4888:
4728:
4396:
4366:
4139:
4090:
3931:
3879:
3874:
3636:
3457:
3354:
3106:
3101:
2850:
1598:
680:, a bhikkhu is defined as "the person who sees danger (in samsara or cycle of rebirth)" (Pāli:
3218:
2286:. Bangkok, Thailand: Thai Watana Panich, 1981. Revised edition. Bangkok: Orchid Press, 2005.
4893:
4863:
4444:
4376:
4209:
4124:
4119:
4043:
4038:
3956:
2486:
2132:
886:
870:
854:
838:
819:
236:
3509:
1990:
4916:
4883:
4868:
4386:
4283:
4229:
4114:
4053:
4021:
4016:
4001:
3986:
3976:
3941:
3854:
3546:
3469:
2772:
2712:
2461:
2428:
2378:
1467:
584:
4756:
3371:
3240:
3166:
3042:
2780:
833:
The vows of individual liberation are taken in four steps. A lay person may take the five
8:
4723:
4602:
4436:
4411:
4401:
4361:
4338:
4221:
4194:
4154:
4073:
4063:
3991:
3918:
3349:
3206:
2987:
2965:
2917:
2737:
2537:
2393:
2373:
1362:
1327:
1208:
711:
273:
2697:
2624:
905:
827:
731:
Theravada monasticism is organized around the guidelines found within a division of the
4786:
4691:
4533:
4496:
4491:
4421:
4371:
4318:
4313:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4164:
4149:
4134:
4129:
4068:
4048:
4011:
3936:
3741:
3442:
3366:
3244:
3186:
3027:
2927:
2855:
2830:
2476:
2406:
617:
4585:
2102:
Sorensen, Henrik Hjort (1992). Ole Bruun; Arne Kalland; Henrik Hjort Sorensen (eds.).
4964:
4926:
4622:
4607:
4570:
4555:
4328:
4244:
4159:
3996:
3961:
3946:
3673:
3663:
3344:
3191:
3176:
3047:
2970:
2890:
2825:
2757:
2644:
2401:
2287:
2262:
2136:
2107:
2079:
2072:
2045:
1811:
1335:
1058:
959:
953:
939:
931:
792:
737:
715:
408:
3908:
2702:
2602:
758:
613:
4612:
4565:
4560:
4416:
4381:
4356:
4351:
4102:
4058:
3971:
3646:
3302:
3295:
3079:
3069:
2955:
2619:
2491:
2309:
2200:
1961:
1881:
1663:
1319:
1168:
802:
506:
215:
200:
156:
133:
89:
66:
3691:
757:) may take place. Bhikkhus are subject to a much longer set of rules known as the
4976:
4921:
4873:
4801:
4671:
4469:
4449:
4391:
4303:
3966:
3864:
3711:
3447:
3430:
3415:
3393:
2945:
2815:
2649:
2629:
2256:
2175:
2162:
1713:
1406:
1354:
1331:
1230:
1042:
971:
525:
487:
3721:
2875:
2865:
1631:
748:
4931:
4634:
4484:
4266:
3846:
3826:
3746:
3435:
3425:
3359:
3196:
2682:
2545:
762:
647:
609:
448:
389:
177:
110:
1612:
1075:
655:
608:
The lives of all Buddhist monastics are governed by a set of rules called the
289:
4991:
4701:
4550:
3859:
3761:
3619:
3420:
3398:
3334:
3005:
2800:
2795:
2687:
2356:
1564:
1196:
544:
429:
310:
3159:
3149:
2521:
1831:
1430:
1063:
753:
732:
714:
organized a women's march to Vesāli. and Buddha requested her to accept the
4791:
4776:
4746:
4696:
4686:
4528:
4323:
3816:
3651:
3529:
3317:
3312:
3139:
3010:
2885:
2346:
1626:
1535:
1370:
1036:
967:
935:
163:
96:
3574:
3559:
3519:
3216:
2880:
2456:
1655:
1639:
1613:
1515:
1509:
1479:
681:
593:
4761:
4590:
3731:
3716:
3499:
3307:
3235:
3015:
2845:
2747:
2594:
2466:
1859:
1007:
1003:
999:
777:
677:
4751:
3211:
743:
50:
4706:
4664:
4540:
4346:
4271:
3885:
3869:
3831:
3811:
3706:
3681:
3589:
3524:
3504:
3250:
3181:
3052:
2935:
2905:
2840:
2790:
2448:
2438:
2411:
1414:
919:
697:
692:
672:
3726:
2722:
1049:
vows and others, which are also open to laypersons in most instances.
4681:
4654:
3821:
3696:
3408:
3324:
3201:
3091:
3064:
3057:
3020:
2977:
2940:
2707:
2672:
2639:
2614:
2569:
1751:
1746:
1560:
1542:
1478:
1287:
1283:
1026:
1010:
has both celibate monastics and non-celibate Japanese-style priests.
878:
798:
766:
651:
4454:
3290:
3144:
2910:
2692:
2561:
2553:
950:, when Japan annexed Korea, Korean Buddhism underwent many changes.
901:
4971:
4811:
4766:
4711:
4676:
4580:
4239:
3806:
3801:
3751:
3686:
3604:
3569:
3564:
3225:
3096:
3084:
2995:
2654:
2351:
1736:
1707:
1508:
1402:
1215:
1068:
846:
811:
650:, having abandoned a life of pleasure and status, lived as an alms
624:
574:
3796:
3786:
3771:
3594:
3464:
2732:
2305:
The Buddhist Monk's Discipline Some Points Explained for Laypeople
329:
4716:
4659:
4644:
3791:
3781:
3756:
3631:
3626:
3584:
3486:
3452:
3339:
3280:
3275:
3129:
3032:
2870:
2820:
2607:
2433:
1726:
1654:
1647:
1638:
1268:
1099:
639:
3403:
3171:
1741:
1083:
The special dress of ordained people, referred to in English as
643:
4796:
4781:
4617:
4479:
4459:
4234:
3896:
3776:
3766:
3701:
3329:
3285:
3270:
3260:
3230:
3154:
3037:
2805:
2677:
2421:
2416:
1930:"Life of Buddha: Maha Pajapati Gotami - Order of Nuns (Part 2)"
1721:
1556:
1523:
1457:
1395:
Embassy to the eastern courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat
1302:
1264:
1046:
924:
826:), the "community of the noble ones who have reached the first
660:
602:
467:
457:
255:
241:
4936:
4771:
4629:
4595:
4575:
4545:
4474:
3891:
3736:
3614:
3609:
3579:
3534:
3381:
3376:
3255:
2960:
2785:
2752:
2742:
2205:
Collins Concise English Dictionary © HarperCollins Publishers
1756:
1731:
1249:
1245:
1019:
981:
664:
343:
998:
In Korea, the practice of celibacy varies. The two sects of
492:
4806:
3599:
3265:
2762:
1856:
Buddhist Dictionary, Manual of Buddhist Terms and Doctrines
1487:
1443:
1200:
1084:
1030:
570:
877:). The final step is to take all the vows of a bhikkhu or
4464:
3000:
2231:
2229:
2010:
Soka Gakkai Dictionary of Buddhism, Soka Gakkai, 'Dengyo'
1491:
1297:
588:
1037:
Additional vows in the Mahayana and Vajrayana traditions
923:
themselves by when serving in non-monastic communities.
710:
Buddha accepted female bhikkhunis after his step-mother
1342: 'priest, monk'. It is rare in modern literature.
845:, "approaching virtue"). The next step is to enter the
2226:
371:
182:
168:
115:
101:
1703:
1405:is a monkey named after Buddhist monks just as the
471:
461:
2071:
1904:"Dhammapada XIX — Dhammatthavagga: The Just"
695:to obtain release from the cycle of rebirth. The
4989:
294:
278:
830:". These, however, need not be monks and nuns.
951:
790:
413:
348:
2330:
1685:
511:
138:
71:
3112:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
2156:Buddhist Ceremonies and Rituals of Sri Lanka
985:
975:
530:
1776:
1774:
1772:
453:
394:
2337:
2323:
2004:
1901:
1692:
1678:
667:, the rainy months of the monsoon season.
549:
434:
315:
1143:A Chinese Buddhist monk in mainland China
918:. He stipulated that monastics remain on
2101:
2097:
2095:
1810:. Macmillan Reference USA. p. 556.
1769:
1301:
1074:
1062:
784:
776:
4299:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
2310:Thirty Years as a Western Buddhist Monk
2251:
2235:
1956:
1954:
1805:
904:believed the 250 precepts were for the
14:
4990:
4502:List of Buddhist architecture in China
1910:from the original on 28 September 2012
1872:
1870:
1868:
1808:Encyclopedia of Buddhism (Monasticism)
1298:Historical terms in Western literature
2318:
2126:
2106:. Nordic Institute of Asian Studies.
2092:
2069:
2063:
1413:(who also are the origin of the word
1002:divided in 1970 over this issue; the
881:"fully ordained monastic" (Sanskrit:
2207:. WordReference.com. June 23, 2013.
1951:
751:. From there full ordination (Pali:
1865:
966:and new sects formed there such as
908:and that ordination should use the
24:
5018:Titles and occupations in Hinduism
4289:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
2276:
2120:
1119:A Theravadin Buddhist monk in Laos
927:monastics followed this practice.
25:
5029:
2298:
2211:from the original on May 25, 2013
1155:A Chinese Buddhist monk in Taiwan
1131:A Theravadin Buddhist monk in USA
4970:
4960:
4959:
4517:Thai temple art and architecture
4262:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
2502:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
2368:
2355:
2345:
1806:Buswell, Robert E., ed. (2004).
1706:
1345:Buddhist monks were once called
1275:
1256:
1237:
1222:
1207:
1188:
1176:
1160:
1148:
1136:
1124:
1112:
970:. The Temple Ordinance of 1911 (
747:). Sāmaneras are subject to the
49:
2369:
2284:Bhikkhu, Disciple of the Buddha
2193:
2182:from the original on 2003-02-28
2168:
2149:
2052:from the original on 2011-12-10
2038:
2027:from the original on 2011-12-11
2013:
1968:from the original on 2010-11-26
1940:from the original on 2010-12-13
1838:from the original on 2010-11-28
1788:from the original on 2016-12-02
1782:"Lay Guide to the Monks' Rules"
900:In 9th century Japan, the monk
4507:Japanese Buddhist architecture
4309:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
3389:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
2580:Places where the Buddha stayed
2078:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
1979:
1922:
1895:
1849:
1824:
1799:
1411:Order of Friars Minor Capuchin
986:
976:
962:began sending missionaries to
952:
849:or monastic way of life (Skt:
791:
587:. Male and female monastics ("
372:
295:
256:
242:
183:
169:
139:
116:
102:
72:
13:
1:
4522:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
1762:
1167:A Buddhist monk in the U.S. (
721:
630:
4279:Buddhism and the Roman world
4255:Decline of Buddhism in India
4250:History of Buddhism in India
2350: Topics in
2074:Culture and customs of Korea
1326:. This term is derived from
1013:
1006:is fully celibate while the
726:
7:
3477:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
3217:
2104:Asian perceptions of nature
1656:
1640:
1614:
1516:
1510:
1480:
1420:
1029:often calls ordained monks
772:
682:
472:
462:
330:
10:
5034:
5013:Sanskrit words and phrases
4427:The unanswerable questions
2245:
2129:A Day in the Life of China
2127:Cohen, David, ed. (1989).
1878:"Resources: Monastic Vows"
1105:
1056:
948:Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910
646:". The historical Buddha,
29:
4955:
4907:
4822:
4737:
4512:Buddhist temples in Korea
4435:
4337:
4220:
3917:
3845:
3672:
3545:
3485:
3120:
3075:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
2986:
2978:Three planes of existence
2926:
2771:
2663:
2593:
2585:Buddha in world religions
2447:
2392:
2364:
2261:. Harper & brothers.
2070:Clark, Donald N. (2000).
2046:"JAPANESE BUDDHISM TODAY"
1902:Buddharakkhita, Acharya.
1653:
1637:
1625:
1611:
1604:
1594:
1580:
1555:
1541:
1534:
1507:
1497:
1473:
1466:
1455:
1441:
1079:Two monks in orange robes
992:Governor-General of Korea
964:Korea under Japanese rule
583:) is an ordained male in
557:
550:
543:
538:
531:
524:
519:
512:
505:
500:
493:
486:
481:
454:
447:
442:
428:
423:
414:
407:
402:
395:
388:
383:
365:
360:
356:
349:
342:
337:
323:
316:
309:
304:
288:
272:
267:
249:
235:
230:
226:
220:
214:
209:
199:
194:
176:
162:
155:
150:
146:
132:
127:
109:
95:
88:
83:
79:
65:
60:
48:
44:
39:
4294:Persecution of Buddhists
3515:Four stages of awakening
2896:Three marks of existence
2482:Physical characteristics
1460:(the Buddhist community)
1183:A Buddhist monk in Tibet
1052:
3657:Ten principal disciples
2540:(aunt, adoptive mother)
2176:"Dictionary.com: bonze"
1962:"how to become a monk?"
1308:The Universal Traveller
875:dge tshul, dge tshul ma
691:). Therefore, he seeks
642:" or "one who lives by
4367:Buddhism and democracy
3880:Tibetan Buddhist canon
3875:Chinese Buddhist canon
3107:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
3102:Early Buddhist schools
1399:
1369:, ultimately from
1315:
1306:A "bonze" farmer from
1080:
1072:
806:
782:
708:
625:śrāmaṇera or śrāmaṇērī
605:(Buddhist community).
435:
279:
4377:Eight Consciousnesses
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1906:. Access To Insight.
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5003:Buddhist monasticism
4854:East Asian religions
4284:Buddhism in the West
3855:Early Buddhist texts
3470:Four Right Exertions
2936:Ten spiritual realms
2429:Noble Eightfold Path
2165:, A.G.S. Kariyawasam
1987:"05-05《律制生活》p. 0064"
1832:"What is a bhikkhu?"
1543:Anagārika, Anagārikā
1468:Buddhist monasticism
1314:, London, 1752 [1729
585:Buddhist monasticism
55:Bhikkhus in Thailand
30:For other uses, see
4977:Religion portal
4724:Temple of the Tooth
4603:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
3642:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
3135:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
2918:Two truths doctrine
2738:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2538:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2282:Inwood, Kristiaan.
1582:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
1409:is named after the
835:upāsaka and upāsikā
712:Mahapajapati Gotami
274:Vietnamese alphabet
128:Native Chinese name
4899:Western philosophy
4497:Dzong architecture
4319:Vipassana movement
4314:Buddhist modernism
3742:Emperor Wen of Sui
3510:Pratyekabuddhayāna
3443:Threefold Training
3245:Vipassana movement
2961:Hungry Ghost realm
2781:Avidyā (Ignorance)
2728:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
2477:Great Renunciation
2472:Eight Great Events
2354:
2161:2013-03-28 at the
1595:Gahattha, gahapati
1377: 'our lord'.
1361:, itself from
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689:ikkhatīti: bhikkhu
532:భిక్షువు, bhikṣuvu
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4329:Women in Buddhism
4245:Buddhist councils
4115:Western countries
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3664:Shaolin Monastery
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2655:Metteyya/Maitreya
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2402:Four Noble Truths
2292:978-974-524-059-9
2142:978-0-00-215321-8
2131:. San Francisco:
2113:978-87-87062-12-1
2085:978-0-313-30456-9
1934:www.buddhanet.net
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1547:lay renunciants (
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910:Mahayana precepts
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4855:
4852:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4825:
4821:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4804:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4740:
4739:Miscellaneous
4736:
4730:
4729:Vegetarianism
4727:
4725:
4722:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4551:Buddha in art
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4530:
4527:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4446:
4443:
4442:
4440:
4438:
4434:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4273:
4270:
4269:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4219:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4205:United States
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4113:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4096:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4084:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4071:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3916:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3904:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3762:Padmasambhava
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3674:Major figures
3671:
3665:
3662:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3621:
3620:Western tulku
3618:
3617:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3544:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3484:
3478:
3475:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3463:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3421:Five precepts
3419:
3418:
3417:
3414:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3399:Dhamma vicaya
3397:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3167:Buddhābhiṣeka
3165:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2979:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2925:
2919:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2811:Enlightenment
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2801:Dhamma theory
2799:
2797:
2796:Buddha-nature
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2635:Samantabhadra
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2566:
2560:
2558:
2552:
2550:
2544:
2542:
2536:
2534:
2528:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2399:
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2391:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2367:
2366:
2363:
2358:
2353:
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2340:
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2328:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2270:
2268:9780608404066
2264:
2260:
2259:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2237:
2232:
2230:
2222:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2196:
2181:
2177:
2171:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2152:
2144:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2123:
2115:
2109:
2105:
2098:
2096:
2087:
2081:
2076:
2075:
2066:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2007:
1993:on 2017-04-24
1992:
1988:
1982:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1955:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1909:
1905:
1898:
1884:on 2014-10-14
1883:
1879:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1819:
1817:0-02-865718-7
1813:
1809:
1802:
1787:
1783:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1768:
1758:
1755:
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1681:
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1646:
1644:
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1633:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1610:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1586:Lay devotee (
1585:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1570:modern female
1569:
1566:
1565:dasa sil mata
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1518:
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1506:
1502:
1500:
1496:
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1476:
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1469:
1465:
1461:
1454:
1451:
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1440:
1437:
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1432:
1427:
1426:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1313:
1312:Thomas Salmon
1309:
1304:
1295:
1289:
1285:
1278:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1240:
1235:
1232:
1225:
1220:
1217:
1210:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1197:Luang Prabang
1191:
1186:
1179:
1174:
1170:
1163:
1158:
1151:
1146:
1139:
1134:
1127:
1122:
1115:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1101:
1096:
1094:
1088:
1086:
1077:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
996:
993:
983:
973:
969:
965:
961:
955:
949:
944:
941:
937:
933:
928:
926:
921:
917:
916:
911:
907:
903:
898:
894:
892:
891:dge long (ma)
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
831:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
804:
800:
794:
787:
781:Tibetan monks
779:
770:
768:
764:
760:
756:
755:
750:
746:
745:
740:
739:
738:Vinaya Pitaka
734:
719:
717:
713:
707:
702:
700:
699:
694:
690:
686:
685:
679:
675:
674:
668:
666:
662:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
628:
626:
621:
619:
615:
611:
606:
604:
600:
596:
595:
590:
586:
582:
581:
576:
572:
568:
567:
556:
548:
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537:
529:
527:
523:
518:
510:
508:
504:
499:
491:
489:
485:
480:
474:
469:
464:
459:
452:
450:
446:
441:
437:
433:
431:
427:
422:
412:
410:
406:
403:Sanskrit name
401:
396:துறவி, tuṟavi
393:
391:
387:
382:
370:
368:
364:
359:
355:
347:
345:
341:
338:Japanese name
336:
332:
328:
326:
322:
314:
312:
308:
303:
293:
291:
287:
283:
277:
275:
271:
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254:
252:
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114:
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100:
98:
94:
91:
87:
82:
78:
70:
68:
64:
59:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
27:Buddhist monk
19:
4917:Bodhisattvas
4837:Christianity
4832:Baháʼí Faith
4697:Dharmachakra
4687:Prayer wheel
4677:Prayer beads
4445:Architecture
4324:969 Movement
4108:Saudi Arabia
4086:Central Asia
4079:South Africa
3901:
3884:
3817:Panchen Lama
3722:Buddhapālita
3554:
3318:Satipatthana
3313:Mindful Yoga
3226:Recollection
3140:Brahmavihara
3011:Japanese Zen
3006:Chinese Chan
2966:Animal realm
2773:Key concepts
2595:Bodhisattvas
2407:Three Jewels
2283:
2257:
2236:Roberts 1837
2220:
2213:. Retrieved
2204:
2195:
2184:. Retrieved
2170:
2151:
2128:
2122:
2103:
2073:
2065:
2054:. Retrieved
2040:
2029:. Retrieved
2015:
2006:
1995:. Retrieved
1991:the original
1981:
1970:. Retrieved
1942:. Retrieved
1933:
1924:
1912:. Retrieved
1897:
1886:. Retrieved
1882:the original
1855:
1851:
1840:. Retrieved
1826:
1807:
1801:
1790:. Retrieved
1587:
1573:
1548:
1527:
1474:
1449:
1442:
1400:
1394:
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1380:
1374:
1366:
1358:
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1346:
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1323:
1317:
1307:
1293:
1100:Kathina Puja
1097:
1089:
1082:
1040:
1024:
1017:
997:
968:Won Buddhism
954:Jōdo Shinshū
945:
936:State Shinto
929:
913:
899:
895:
890:
882:
874:
866:
862:
858:
850:
842:
832:
823:
815:
808:
793:Jōdo Shinshū
752:
749:Ten Precepts
742:
736:
730:
709:
704:
696:
688:
683:
671:
669:
635:
634:
622:
607:
598:
592:
579:
578:
565:
564:
562:
501:Sinhala name
367:Romanization
210:Tibetan name
195:Burmese name
164:Hanyu Pinyin
97:Hanyu Pinyin
61:Chinese name
4762:Dharma talk
4591:Asalha Puja
4387:Eschatology
4190:Switzerland
4170:New Zealand
4098:Middle East
4007:Philippines
3927:Afghanistan
3732:Bodhidharma
3717:Buddhaghosa
3637:Householder
3547:Monasticism
3500:Bodhisattva
3355:Prostration
3308:Mindfulness
3236:Anapanasati
3219:Kammaṭṭhāna
3016:Korean Seon
2956:Asura realm
2951:Human realm
2891:Ten Fetters
2846:Parinirvana
2748:Uppalavanna
2713:Mahākaccana
2698:Mahākassapa
2630:Kṣitigarbha
2625:Ākāśagarbha
2522:Suddhodāna
2467:Four sights
2394:Foundations
1914:18 December
1860:Nyanatiloka
1599:Householder
1503:Nun trainee
1008:Taego Order
1004:Jogye Order
1000:Korean Seon
984::
974::
906:Śrāvakayāna
735:called the
678:Buddhaghoṣa
597:, Sanskrit
520:Telugu name
482:Nepali name
4992:Categories
4879:Psychology
4859:Gnosticism
4847:Comparison
4842:Influences
4824:Comparison
4707:Bhavacakra
4665:Kushinagar
4640:Pilgrimage
4586:Māgha Pūjā
4541:Bodhi Tree
4357:Buddhology
4347:Abhidharma
4339:Philosophy
4272:Menander I
4140:Costa Rica
4091:Uzbekistan
3932:Bangladesh
3886:Dhammapada
3870:Pali Canon
3832:Ajahn Chah
3812:Dalai Lama
3712:Kumārajīva
3707:Vasubandhu
3682:The Buddha
3590:Zen master
3525:Sakadagami
3505:Buddhahood
3436:Pratimokṣa
3251:Shikantaza
3207:Meditation
3182:Deity yoga
3053:Madhyamaka
2946:Deva realm
2841:Mindstream
2791:Bodhicitta
2703:Aṅgulimāla
2570:Devadatta
2546:Yaśodharā
2449:The Buddha
2439:Middle Way
2201:"talapoin"
2186:2008-06-10
2056:2011-12-05
2031:2011-12-05
1997:2010-03-13
1972:2010-11-25
1944:2021-01-24
1888:2010-11-08
1862:Mahathera.
1842:2010-11-25
1792:2010-11-08
1763:References
1499:Sikkhamānā
1431:Pāli Canon
1415:cappuccino
1363:Portuguese
1328:Portuguese
946:After the
920:Mount Hiei
816:aryasangha
763:Prātimokṣa
759:Pātimokkha
754:upasampada
733:Pāli Canon
722:Ordination
698:Dhammapada
693:ordination
673:Dhammapada
631:Definition
614:pātimokkha
610:prātimokṣa
577:: भिक्षु,
573:: भिक्खु,
443:Khmer name
384:Tamil name
178:Wade–Giles
111:Wade–Giles
4947:Festivals
4927:Buddhists
4889:Theosophy
4692:Symbolism
4682:Hama yumi
4655:Bodh Gaya
4422:Socialism
4397:Evolution
4372:Economics
4210:Venezuela
4125:Australia
4120:Argentina
4044:Sri Lanka
4039:Singapore
3957:Indonesia
3919:Countries
3860:Tripiṭaka
3822:Ajahn Mun
3697:Nagarjuna
3692:Aśvaghoṣa
3575:Anagārika
3570:Śrāmaṇerī
3565:Śrāmaṇera
3560:Bhikkhunī
3520:Sotāpanna
3409:Passaddhi
3350:Offerings
3325:Nekkhamma
3202:Iddhipada
3122:Practices
3092:Theravada
3065:Vajrayana
3058:Yogachara
3028:Pure Land
2941:Six Paths
2928:Cosmology
2708:Anuruddha
2683:Sāriputta
2673:Kaundinya
2665:Disciples
2640:Vajrapāṇi
2492:Footprint
2457:Tathāgata
1752:Bhikkhuni
1747:Anagarika
1561:thilashin
1481:Bhikkhuṇī
1353:from
1334:from
1288:Indonesia
1284:Borobudur
1229:Monks in
1214:Monks in
1195:Monks in
1069:Cambodian
1027:Vajrayana
1014:Vajrayana
879:bhikkhuni
867:śrāmaṇeri
863:śrāmaṇera
859:rab byung
851:pravrajyā
767:Vajrayana
727:Theravada
652:mendicant
594:bhikkhunī
539:Odia name
424:Pali name
305:Thai name
243:dge slong
221:དགེ་སློང་
4965:Category
4894:Violence
4864:Hinduism
4812:Sanskrit
4767:Hinayana
4752:Amitābha
4712:Swastika
4581:Uposatha
4571:Holidays
4556:Calendar
4402:Humanism
4240:Kanishka
4230:Timeline
4054:Thailand
4022:Kalmykia
4017:Buryatia
4002:Pakistan
3987:Mongolia
3982:Maldives
3977:Malaysia
3942:Cambodia
3807:Shamarpa
3802:Nichiren
3752:Xuanzang
3687:Nagasena
3605:Rinpoche
3335:Pāramitā
3177:Devotion
3097:Navayana
3085:Dzogchen
3048:Nichiren
2996:Mahayana
2988:Branches
2866:Saṅkhāra
2615:Mañjuśrī
2572:(cousin)
2564:(cousin)
2532:(mother)
2524:(father)
2512:Miracles
2462:Birthday
2379:Glossary
2352:Buddhism
2255:(1837).
2215:June 23,
2209:Archived
2180:Archived
2159:Archived
2050:Archived
2025:Archived
1966:Archived
1938:Archived
1908:Archived
1836:Archived
1786:Archived
1737:Samanera
1657:Nigaṇṭha
1641:Brāhmaṇa
1621:Wanderer
1517:Samaṇērī
1511:Samaṇera
1421:See also
1403:talapoin
1388:—
1375:tala pōi
1359:talapoin
1351:talapoin
1336:Japanese
1244:Monk in
1216:Thailand
1093:Upāsakas
1025:Tibetan
847:pabbajja
812:Mahayana
773:Mahayana
744:pabbajja
701:states:
599:bhikṣuṇī
575:Sanskrit
417:(Bhikṣu)
409:Sanskrit
373:Sō, biku
184:he-shang
117:Pi-ch'iu
4942:Temples
4922:Buddhas
4884:Science
4874:Judaism
4869:Jainism
4787:Lineage
4747:Abhijñā
4717:Thangka
4660:Sarnath
4645:Lumbini
4566:Funeral
4561:Cuisine
4437:Culture
4412:Reality
4362:Creator
4352:Atomism
4222:History
4195:Ukraine
4155:Germany
4074:Senegal
4064:Vietnam
3992:Myanmar
3792:Shinran
3782:Karmapa
3757:Shandao
3727:Dignāga
3652:Śrāvaka
3632:Donchee
3627:Kappiya
3585:Sayadaw
3555:Bhikkhu
3530:Anāgāmi
3487:Nirvana
3453:Samadhi
3340:Paritta
3281:Tonglen
3276:Mandala
3231:Smarana
3212:Mantras
3160:Upekkha
3130:Bhavana
3080:Shingon
3033:Tiantai
2886:Tathātā
2876:Śūnyatā
2871:Skandha
2861:Saṃsāra
2856:Rebirth
2831:Kleshas
2821:Indriya
2723:Subhūti
2608:Guanyin
2562:Ānanda
2554:Rāhula
2434:Nirvana
2374:Outline
2246:Sources
2133:Collins
1727:Sayadaw
1648:Brahmin
1632:Ascetic
1627:Ājīvika
1475:Bhikkhu
1450:English
1367:talapão
1347:talapoy
1320:English
1269:Vietnam
1106:Gallery
912:of the
670:In the
656:śramaṇa
636:Bhikkhu
618:nirvana
566:bhikkhu
513:භික්ෂුව
507:Sinhala
473:Bhikkhu
463:Phĭkkhŏ
436:Bhikkhu
290:Chữ Hán
282:Tăng lữ
216:Tibetan
201:Burmese
134:Chinese
67:Chinese
40:Bhikkhu
4937:Sutras
4932:Suttas
4797:Siddhi
4782:Koliya
4757:Brahmā
4672:Poetry
4618:Mantra
4608:Kasaya
4480:Pagoda
4460:Kyaung
4455:Vihāra
4450:Temple
4392:Ethics
4235:Ashoka
4185:Sweden
4180:Poland
4175:Norway
4165:Mexico
4150:France
4135:Canada
4130:Brazil
4069:Africa
4049:Taiwan
4012:Russia
3937:Bhutan
3897:Vinaya
3777:Naropa
3767:Saraha
3702:Asanga
3458:Prajñā
3367:Refuge
3330:Nianfo
3291:Tertön
3286:Tantra
3271:Ganana
3261:Tukdam
3187:Dhyāna
3155:Mudita
3150:Karuṇā
3043:Risshū
3038:Huayan
2971:Naraka
2911:Anattā
2906:Dukkha
2901:Anicca
2806:Dharma
2758:Channa
2693:Ānanda
2678:Assaji
2645:Skanda
2548:(wife)
2517:Family
2497:Relics
2422:Sangha
2417:Dharma
2412:Buddha
2290:
2265:
2139:
2110:
2082:
1814:
1722:Bhante
1615:Samaṇa
1588:m., f.
1557:Maechi
1549:m., f.
1528:m., f.
1524:Novice
1458:Sangha
1383:insult
1355:French
1332:French
1047:samaya
980:;
972:Korean
925:Tendai
902:Saichō
837:vows (
801:, and
684:Bhayaṃ
661:sangha
640:beggar
603:Sangha
580:bhikṣu
526:Telugu
494:भिक्षु
488:Nepali
468:ALA-LC
458:UNGEGN
455:ភិក្ខុ
415:भिक्षु
331:phiksu
257:gelong
205:ဘိက္ခု
32:Bhiksu
4909:Lists
4777:Kalpa
4772:Iddhi
4635:Music
4630:Mudra
4596:Vassa
4576:Vesak
4546:Budai
4492:Candi
4475:Stupa
4407:Logic
4160:Italy
4059:Tibet
3997:Nepal
3967:Korea
3962:Japan
3952:India
3947:China
3892:Sutra
3847:Texts
3797:Dōgen
3787:Hōnen
3772:Atiśa
3737:Zhiyi
3647:Achar
3615:Tulku
3610:Geshe
3595:Rōshi
3580:Ajahn
3535:Arhat
3495:Bodhi
3465:Vīrya
3382:Sacca
3377:Satya
3372:Sādhu
3360:Music
3303:Merit
3296:Terma
3256:Zazen
3192:Faith
3145:Mettā
2826:Karma
2786:Bardo
2753:Asita
2743:Khema
2733:Upāli
2718:Nanda
2556:(son)
2530:Māyā
2507:Films
2384:Index
1757:Unsui
1732:Ajahn
1536:Laity
1373:
1365:
1357:
1340:bonsō
1338:
1324:bonze
1265:Dalat
1250:Japan
1246:Kyoto
1085:robes
1053:Robes
1020:Tibet
982:Hanja
887:Wylie
871:Wylie
855:Wylie
839:Wylie
828:bhūmi
820:Wylie
706:monk.
665:Vassa
449:Khmer
390:Tamil
344:Kanji
317:ภิกษุ
237:Wylie
140:和尚、僧侶
103:bǐqiū
4807:Pāḷi
4792:Māra
4702:Flag
4103:Iran
4027:Tuva
3972:Laos
3600:Lama
3448:Śīla
3416:Śīla
3404:Pīti
3394:Sati
3345:Puja
3266:Koan
3172:Dāna
2763:Yasa
2650:Tārā
2288:ISBN
2263:ISBN
2217:2013
2137:ISBN
2108:ISBN
2080:ISBN
1916:2012
1812:ISBN
1742:Oshō
1488:Monk
1444:Pali
1401:The
1330:and
1201:Laos
1031:lama
958:and
799:Sōtō
644:alms
571:Pali
545:Odia
430:Pali
350:僧、比丘
325:RTGS
311:Thai
4529:Art
4465:Wat
3001:Zen
1858:by
1492:Nun
1417:).
1371:Mon
1349:or
1318:In
1310:by
1018:In
987:寺刹令
977:사찰령
893:).
769:).
612:or
591:",
589:nun
251:THL
4994::
4031:ru
2228:^
2219:.
2203:.
2178:.
2094:^
2048:.
2023:.
1964:.
1953:^
1936:.
1932:.
1867:^
1834:.
1784:.
1771:^
1574:f.
1559:,
1514:,
1490:,
1477:,
1393:,
1286:,
1267:,
1248:,
1199:,
1067:A
1045:,
1033:.
938:.
889::
885:,
873::
869:,
865:,
857::
853:,
841::
822::
805:.
797:,
627:.
620:.
563:A
470::
460::
298:僧侣
296:比丘
73:比丘
4033:)
4029:(
3247:)
3243:(
2338:e
2331:t
2324:v
2294:.
2271:.
2189:.
2145:.
2116:.
2088:.
2059:.
2034:.
2000:.
1975:.
1947:.
1918:.
1891:.
1845:.
1820:.
1795:.
1693:e
1686:t
1679:v
1590:)
1576:)
1567:,
1551:)
1530:)
1526:(
1171:)
818:(
569:(
34:.
20:)
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