33:
1203:
926:
went on an itinerant preaching ministry, urging his listeners to live, not for the material things of this world, but for what is spiritual. He gathered a number of disciples around him, who became convinced that his teachings were divinely inspired, in no small part because he himself was divine. He proved it to them by doing many miracles, healing the sick, casting out demons, and raising the dead. But at the end of his life, he roused opposition, and his enemies delivered him over to the Roman authorities for judgment. Still, after he left this world, he returned to meet his followers in order to convince them that he was not really dead but lived on in the heavenly realm. Later some of his followers wrote books about him.
326:
1000:, as if they were sent from heaven. They were magical figures and columns erected in public places, meant to protect the cities from afflictions. The great popularity of these talismans was a challenge to the Christians. Some Byzantine authors condemned them as sorcery and the work of demons, others admitted that such magic was beneficial; none of them claimed that it didn't work.
972:. From this we can infer that Apollonius really had students and that his school survived at least until Lucian's time. One of Philostratus's foremost aims was to oppose this view. Although he related various miraculous feats of Apollonius, he emphasized at the same time that his hero was not a magician but a serious philosopher and a champion of traditional Greek values.
909:, saying "Apollonius of Tyana was born about the same time as Jesus Christ. His life (that of the former) is related in so fabulous a manner by his disciples, that we are at a loss to discover whether he was a sage, an imposter, or a fanatic." This led to controversy, as critics believed Gibbon was alluding to Jesus being a fanatic.
1372:. This character does not have any philosophical context, rather he is a sideshow attraction similar to a fortune-teller who, besides being blind, has been blessed with clairvoyance. While he always speaks the truth, ugly or not, about the future, he is accursed with an ironic fate - nobody ever believes what he says.
1385:
episode entitled “Funhouse”. Apollonius was banished centuries ago to a time zone by the gods for opposing them. When the time zone travelers led by the 23rd century healer and pacifist named Varian arrive at a seemingly abandoned carnival, Apollonius intends to lure them into his funhouse of horrors
1288:, where he tempts the titular saint with divine wisdom and the power to perform miracles. As a miracle worker and neo-Pythagorean philosopher, the character of Apollonius is used as a bridge between the two sections of the book covering the temptations of human sages and the temptations of the gods.
938:
that they allege applies to Jesus as well. However, Erkki
Koskenniemi has stated that Apollonius of Tyana is not a representative of a Hellenistic divine man and that there is no evidence that Christians constructed their paradigm of Jesus based on traditions associated with him. Moreover, the Christ
718:
contain purported letters of
Apollonius. Some of them are cited in full, others only partially. There is also an independently transmitted collection of letters preserved in medieval manuscripts. It is difficult to determine what is authentic and what not. Some of the letters may have been forgeries
532:
Inscription has been translated by C.P. Jones as: "This man, named after Apollo, and shining forth from Tyana, extinguished the faults of men. The tomb in Tyana (received) his body, but in truth, heaven received him so that he might drive out the pains of men (or: drive pains from among men)." It is
925:
Even before he was born, it was known that he would be someone special. A supernatural being informed his mother that the child she was to conceive would not be a mere mortal but would be divine. He was born miraculously, and he became an unusually precocious young man. As an adult he left home and
1676:
Apollonius was born around 2 AD in Tyana (modern-day Bor in southern Turkey), in the Roman province of
Cappadocia. He was born into a wealthy and respected Cappadocian Greek family, and received the best education, studying grammar and rhetoric in Tarsus, learning medicine at the temple of
367:. She died in 217 AD, and he completed it after her death, probably in the 220s or 230s AD. Philostratus's account shaped the image of Apollonius for posterity. To some extent it is a valuable source because it contains data from older writings that were available to Philostratus but
651:
regarded as an exemplary sage, was believed to have traveled to India. Hence such a feat made
Apollonius look like a good Pythagorean who spared no pains in his efforts to discover the sources of oriental piety and wisdom. As some details in Philostratus' account of the Indian adventure seem
680:
translation of
Philostratus' work (which would have been a most uncommon and amazing occurrence), or even considered the possibility that it was really an independent confirmation of the historicity of the journey to India. Only in 1995 were the passages in the Sanskrit texts proven to be
603:
was murdered on 18 September 96 AD, Apollonius was said to have witnessed the event in
Ephesus "about midday" on the day it happened in Rome, and told those present "Take heart, gentlemen, for the tyrant has been slain this day ...". Both Philostratus and renowned historian
1248:, names "Balinus" (Apollonius) as a great philosopher, who "surpassed everyone else in the diffusion of arts and sciences and soared unto the loftiest heights of humility and supplication." In another text Baháʼu'lláh states that he "derived his knowledge and sciences from the
719:
or literary exercises assembled in collections which were already circulated in the 2nd century AD. It has been asserted that
Philostratus himself forged a considerable part of the letters he inserted into his work; others were older forgeries available to him.
577:, though the letters suggest wider travels, and there seems no reason to deny that, like many wandering philosophers, he at least visited Rome. As for his philosophical convictions, we have an interesting, probably authentic fragment of one of his writings (
472:
How much of this can be accepted as historical truth depends largely on the extent to which modern scholars trust
Philostratus, and in particular on whether they believe in the reality of Damis. Some of these scholars contend that Apollonius never came to
481:, decided to popularize him and his teachings in Rome. For that purpose, so these same scholars believe, she commissioned Philostratus to write the biography, in which Apollonius is exalted as a fearless sage with supernatural powers, even greater than
671:
texts quoted by
Sanskritist Vidhushekhara Bhattacharya in 1943 he appears as "Apalūnya", in one of them together with Damis (called "Damīśa"), it is claimed that Apollonius and Damis were Western yogis, who later on were converted to the correct
1332:
has
Apollonius of Tyana as one of a select group of humans (and other sentient beings) who had penetrated to the center of a mysterious "Maze" traversing all of space and time. There he dwells in eternal repose, in company with the
652:
incompatible with known facts, modern scholars are inclined to dismiss the whole story as a fanciful fabrication, but not all of them rule out the possibility that the Tyanean actually did visit India. Philostratus has him meet
581:), in which he expresses his view that God, who is the most beautiful being, cannot be influenced by prayers or sacrifices and has no wish to be worshipped by humans, but can be reached by a spiritual procedure involving
1236:
552:
and as such, in conformity with the Pythagorean tradition, opposed animal sacrifice and lived on a frugal, strictly vegetarian diet. A minimalist view is that he spent his entire life in the cities of his native
826:
postulated that the religion of Apollonius disappeared because the proper conditions for its development did not exist. Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam thrived, however, because the existing conditions were
541:. However, Miroslav Marcovich translates part of the text as: "Sure enough, Apollonius was born in Tyana, but the full truth is that he was a heaven-sent sage and healer, a new Pythagoras."
1366:, Apollonius appears in the employ of Dr. Lao's circus and brings a dead man back to life. Apollonius of Tyana is one of the 7 circus characters portrayed by Tony Randall in the 1964 film
1050:
may also have survived in the Latin and Arabic traditions as having been published and distributed as a series of short separate tracts or chapters under a variety of different titles.
2299:
755:, one of the campaigners for a stronger policy against Christians, wrote a pamphlet where he argued that Apollonius exceeded Christ as a wonder-worker and yet wasn't worshipped as a
782:
Comparisons between Apollonius and Jesus became commonplace in the 17th and 18th centuries in the context of polemic about Christianity. Several advocates of Enlightenment,
689:
Several writings and many letters have been ascribed to Apollonius, but some of them are lost; others have only been preserved in parts or fragments of disputed authenticity.
1969:
Power, Paideia & Pythagoreanism: Greek Identity, Conceptions of the Relationship between Philosophers and Monarchs and Political Ideas in Philostratus' Life of Apollonius
2635:
223:, which collects a large part of the legendary material about Apollonius' life and work. A large part of the ancient legends of Apollonius consist of numerous reports about
1162:. In this way, Apollonius of Tyana becomes the philosophical and alchemical successor to Hermes Trismegistus. Another Arabic book falsely attributed to Apollonius is the
786:
and anti-Church positions saw him as an early forerunner of their own ethical and religious ideas, a proponent of a universal, non-denominational religion compatible with
2238:
Koskenniemi, Erkki. “Apollonius of Tyana: A Typical Θεῖος Ἀνήρ?” Journal of Biblical Literature, vol. 117, no. 3, 1998, pp. 455–467. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3266442.
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is often classified as belonging to the Pseudo-Solomonic corpus of magical literature. Another pseudepigraphal Latin work attributed to Apollonius of Tyana is the lost
628:. It's possible that the sage of Tyana indeed traveled to India, and it's also "entirely plausible" that he was attributed with this journey even before Philostratus.
1424:, ed. Christopher P. Jones, vol. 1 (Books I–IV) and 2 (Books V–VIII), Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2005 (Loeb Classical Library no. 16 and no. 17),
413:
and companion of Apollonius. Some scholars claim that the notebooks of Damis were an invention of Philostratus, while others think it could have been a real book
1475:
1210:
Beginning in the early 16th century, there was great interest in Apollonius in Europe, but the traditional ecclesiastical viewpoint prevailed, and until the
1214:
the Tyanean was usually treated as a demonic magician and a great enemy of the Church who collaborated with the devil and tried to overthrow Christianity.
2264:, vol. 4, ed. A.M. Harmon, Cambridge (Mass.) 1992 (Loeb Classical Library no. 162), pp. 173-253 (Apollonius is mentioned on p. 182).
402:. There also survives, separately from the life by Philostratus, a collection of letters of Apollonius, but at least some of these seem to be spurious.
387:
727:
In Philostratus's description of Apollonius's life and deeds, there are a number of similarities with the life and especially the claimed miracles of
2628:
417:
and naively used by Philostratus. Philostratus describes Apollonius as a wandering teacher of philosophy and miracle-worker who was mainly active in
1061:) which is a thirteenth-century book of angelic magic which supposedly contains Apollonius' select extracts and prayers from the mythical and lost
920:, by describing an important figure from the first century without first revealing he is talking about the stories attached to Apollonius of Tyana:
1202:
743:
that the miracles of Jesus were not unique, and mentioned Apollonius as a non-Christian who had accomplished similar achievements. During the
664:, around 46 AD. And the description that Philostratus provides of Taxila comports with modern archaeological excavations at the ancient site.
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2621:
399:
1046:) which is a twelfth-century astrological magic book that dates to the fifth century but survives only as late as the fifteenth century.
3987:
32:
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1146:) expounds upon the origins of the cosmos and its causes in six chapters and narrates the story of how Apollonius entered the crypt of
548:/philosopher/wonderworker of a type common to the eastern part of the early empire." What we can safely assume is that he was indeed a
759:
and that the cultured biographers of Apollonius were more trustworthy than the uneducated apostles. This attempt to make Apollonius a
2604:
811:
379:, and certain alleged letters of Apollonius. The sage may have actually written some of these works, along with the no-longer extant
608:
report this incident, probably on the basis of an oral tradition. Both state that the philosopher welcomed the deed as praiseworthy
905:
1252:
and most of the philosophers who followed him made their philosophical and scientific discoveries from his words and statements".
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3967:
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2560:
1866:
Miroslav Marcovich, The Epigram on Apollonius of Tyana, Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, Bd. 45 (1982), pp. 263-265
1855:
C. P. Jones, An Epigram on Apollonius of Tyana, The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vol. 100, Centenary Issue (1980), pp. 190-194
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1312:. The book's plot leaves ambiguous the issue of whether Apollonius possessed true magical power or that he was able to use
989:
he abstained from destroying the city after having a vision of Apollonius admonishing him to spare the innocent citizens.
457:, where he defied the emperor in blunt terms. He had allegedly been accused of conspiring against the emperor, performing
213:
way of life, which was regarded as exemplary, impressed his contemporaries and had a lasting cultural influence. Numerous
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3003:
2247:
Robert M. Price, The Pre-Nicene New Testament: Fifty-Four Formative Texts (Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 2006) p. 1179
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What seemed to be independent evidence showing that Apollonius was known in India has now been proven a forgery. In two
4047:
1703:
Philostratus likewise emphasizes the pure Greek origin of Apollonius. He calls Tyana "a Greek city in the region of..."
1669:
477:
and was virtually unknown there until the 3rd century AD, when Empress Julia Domna, who was herself from the
1220:
made three attempts to raise the shade of Apollonius of Tyana by occult ritual, as described in his textbook on magic
485:. This view of Julia Domna's role in the making of the Apollonius legend gets some support from the fact that her son
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46:
1877:
Francis, James A. (1998). "Truthful Fiction: New Questions to Old Answers on Philostratus' Life of Apollonius".
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3269:
1410:, ed. Christopher P. Jones, Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2006 (Loeb Classical Library no. 458),
1095:
explains that Apollonius of Tyana is the spiritual successor to King Solomon's angelic magic; for this reason,
2141:
1803:
2051:, Cambridge 1985, p. 657; Dzielska p. 29; Anderson p. 173; Flinterman p. 80 n. 113.
798:, a radical English deist, published the first English translation of the first two books of Philostratus's
544:
As James Francis put it, "the most that can be said ... is that Apollonius appears to have been a wandering
3972:
3832:
1408:
Philostratus: Apollonius of Tyana. Letters of Apollonius, Ancient Testimonia, Eusebius's Reply to Hierocles
1346:
643:, as some scholars believed), where he met Damis, a native of that city who became his lifelong companion.
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1308:. Apollonius is shown confounding the Emperor (and many others) in quick-witted dialogue, reminiscent of
348:
218:
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were falsely attributed to Apollonius of Tyana which spanned the Greek, Arabic, and Latin traditions.
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3170:
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1368:
2167:"The Project Gutenberg eBook of History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, by Edward Gibbon"
697:
refer to a biography of Pythagoras by Apollonius, which has not survived; it is also mentioned in the
386:. At least two biographical sources that Philostratus used are lost: a book by the imperial secretary
4037:
4017:
3804:
2123:
961:
867:
as a figure associated with sun-worship and as a messianic rival to Christ. Pound identified him as
960:
was a sharp critic of Neo-Pythagoreanism. After 180 AD he wrote a pamphlet wherein he attacked
37:
A wandering philosopher, probably representing Apollonius of Tyana, who lived a part of his life in
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2644:
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1771:
1334:
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596:
529:
518:
171:
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Ars notoria: the notory art of Solomon: a medieval treatise on angelic magic and the art of memory
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3142:
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137:
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so that he can possess the body of one of the travelers and escape his eternal imprisonment.
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1300:
897:, Apollonius appeared as a wandering philosopher and magician of about the same age as Jesus.
776:
752:
694:
587:(intellect), because he himself is pure nous, and nous is the greatest faculty of humankind.
466:
438:
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in 1881 refers to Apollonius of Tyana as "the great thaumaturgist of the second century AD".
846:, have maintained that Apollonius of Tyana was the reincarnation of the being they call the
405:
One of the essential sources Philostratus claimed to know are the "memoirs" (or "diary") of
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philosophy. Some have believed that these Indian sources derived their information from a
521:
Inscription from the 3rd or 4th century AD, little can be derived from sources other than
8:
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957:
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368:
183:
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1596:"Truthful Fiction: New Questions to Old Answers on Philostratus' "Life of Apollonius""
1134:
In the Arabic tradition, Apollonius of Tyana is called the "Master of the Talismans" (
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2009:, 4th edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960, pp. 28-30, 69, and 88-89.
1973:
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453:'s ban on philosophers, and later on being summoned, as a defendant, to the court of
318:) writes that Apollonius was in his 40s or 50s in the 90s AD, from which the scholar
228:
199:
153:
103:
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1886:
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1470:
1338:
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985:
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883:
851:
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364:
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2591:, C. L. Kayser (edit.), 2 vol., Lipsiae, in aedibus B. G. Teubneri, 1870-71:
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3104:
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A collation of resources on Apollonius of Tyana (including the Adana inscription)
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C.P. Cavafy: "The Collected Poems: If Truly Dead" Translated by Aliki Barnstone,
2215:
2142:"Theosophy Library Online - H. P. Blavatsky - Apollonius Tyaneus and Simon Magus"
1967:
1535:
1323:
1138:) and known as Balinus (or, Balinas, Belenus, or Abuluniyus). The ninth-century
839:
806:
538:
458:
262:
145:
1144:
Kitab Balaniyus al-Hakim fi'l- 'llal, Kitab Sirr al-khaliqa wa-san 'at al-tabi'a
265:. Most modern scholars of antiquity agree that Apollonius existed historically.
3912:
3597:
3562:
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2192:
1552:
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1140:
Book of Balinas the Wise: On the Causes, or, the Book of the Secret of Creation
913:
843:
775:), where he claimed that Philostratus was a fabulist and that Apollonius was a
570:
549:
474:
418:
414:
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319:
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3645:
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Subversive Virtue. Asceticism and Authority in the Second-Century Pagan World
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29.2; the credibility of this information is doubted by Dzielska p. 174.
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1011:
was a Christian admirer of Apollonius in the 5th century. He produced a
940:
935:
917:
900:
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445:. In particular, he tells lengthy stories of Apollonius entering the city of
258:
2128:
The Christ: a critical review and analysis of the evidences of his existence
1691:
Magic and religious authority in Philostratus' "Life of Apollonius of Tyana"
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3627:
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3099:
2949:
1843:
Das „Buch über das Geheimnis der Schöpfung“ von Pseudo-Apollonios von Tyana
1662:
Hidden History: Lost Civilizations, Secret Knowledge, and Ancient Mysteries
1394:
1217:
1128:
847:
736:
522:
497:
430:
356:
274:
191:
71:
2466:
Hermes Trismegistus and Apollonius of Tyana in the Writings of Bahá’u’lláh
1890:
1255:
707:, of which only a short, probably authentic fragment has come down to us.
465:. Philostratus implies that upon his death, Apollonius of Tyana underwent
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125:
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surrounding him and accounts of his life are contained in the extensive
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Flinterman pp. 70-72; Dzielska pp. 38-44, 54, 80-81, 134-135.
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1313:
868:
858:
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382:
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121:
77:
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1775:, Amsterdam 1995, pp. 79–88; Dzielska pp. 12–13, 19–49, 141
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965:
486:
330:
210:
2497:
Philostratus. Biography and Belles Lettres in the Third Century A.D.
1996:, London 1986, pp. 199–215; Flinterman pp. 86–87, 101–106.
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2580:, R. Hercher (ed.), Parisiis, editore Ambrosio Firmin Didot, 1873,
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Apollonios de Tyane; Marathakis, Ioannis; Ayash, Nasser B. (2020).
2341:
8.3; for the interpretation of this passage see André Loyen (ed.),
1309:
1305:
976:
748:
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668:
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660:, a city located in northern Ancient India in what is now northern
653:
635:, en route to the Far East, Apollonius reached Hierapolis Bambyce (
600:
454:
442:
372:
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1206:
Apollonius of Tyana on a book cover or a frontispice, before 1800.
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of the anti-Christian movement provoked sharp replies from bishop
3869:
3127:
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3067:
2181:
Scepticism in Excess': Gibbon and Eighteenth-Century Christianity
1827:
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Aesculapius at Aegae, and philosophy at the school of Pythagoras.
1350:
1342:
1159:
673:
640:
574:
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545:
534:
410:
224:
815:, the Dying Man compares Jesus to Apollonius as a false prophet.
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3335:
2196:
Did Jesus Exist?: The Historical Argument for Jesus of Nazareth
1450:
1349:, and various other sages of the past and future, some of them
1271:
1180:
al-Mudkhal al-Kabir ila 'ilm af 'al al-Ruhaniyat waw Talassimat
993:
880:
863:
771:. Eusebius wrote an extant reply to the pamphlet of Hierocles (
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636:
558:
395:
232:
214:
107:
42:
620:
Philostratus devoted two and a half of the eight books of his
3756:
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3025:
2471:
Revisioning the Sacred: New Perspectives on a Baháʼí Theology
2300:"Christopher P. Jones, Apollonius of Tyana in Late Antiquity"
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969:
783:
728:
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562:
426:
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describing Apollonius's activities in Maximus's home city of
242:
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179:
67:
38:
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1172:
Great Introduction to the Treatise on Spirits and Talismans
1073:
was later compiled with its own derivative text called the
760:
699:
624:(1.19–3.58) to the description of a journey of his hero to
583:
450:
446:
1229:
2022:(University of Calcutta Press) 1943 (reprint Delhi 1989).
1841:, vol. 1, Leiden 1960, pp. 994-995; Ursula Weisser:
1304:, which depicts his confrontation with the harsh Emperor
1027:
During the medieval period, a number of works related to
756:
595:
Philostratus implies on one occasion that Apollonius had
346:
The earliest and by far the most detailed source is the
2643:
2451:
Tablets of Bahá'u'lláh revealed after the Kitáb-i-Aqdas
1553:"Chapter 11: Philostratus' Life of Apollonius of Tyana"
1256:
Apollonius of Tyana in contemporary literature and film
747:, some writers cited Apollonius as an example in their
857:
In the mid 20th century, the American expatriate poet
2422:(2. impr ed.). London: Rider. pp. 101–104.
2130:. New York: The Truth Seeker Company. pp. 13–23.
2073:
Flinterman pp. 76–79; Dzielska pp. 130–134.
996:
made by Apollonius appeared in several cities of the
983:, he captured Tyana in 272 AD. According to the
943:
in scholarship and is generally not taken seriously.
916:
relates that he begins his introductory class on the
790:. These comparisons continued into the 20th century.
2183:
The Historical Journal vol. 41, no. 1. (1998) p.180.
1845:, Berlin 1980, pp. 23-39; Dzielska pp. 112-123.
1375:
In television, Apollonius of Tyana was portrayed by
186:, who spent his life travelling and teaching in the
2363:. Lieu de publication inconnu: Ioannis Marathakis.
1747:
For discussion see Bowie, pp. 1676–1678.
1559:, DE GRUYTER, pp. 258–308, 14 November 2012,
964:, a student of one of Apollonius's students, as a
2473:, ed. Jack McLean, Los Angeles, pp. 153-187.
2064:, ed. Doreen Innes, Oxford 1995, pp. 251–54.
1760:(ANRW 2, no. 16, 2) pp. 1663-1667.
1714:
1115:in his commentary on the Sphere of the Cosmos by
968:and suggested that the whole school was based on
903:compared Apollonius to Jesus in the footnotes to
371:. Among these works are an excerpt (preserved by
352:, a lengthy, novelistic biography written by the
273:Apollonius was born into a respected and wealthy
3949:
1632:
934:sometimes cite Apollonius as an example of the
496:Apollonius was also a well-known figure in the
16:1st century AD Greek Neopythagorean philosopher
2031:Bhattacharya (1943) 1989, pp. LXXII–LXXV.
1956:8.26–27. See also Dzielska pp. 30–32, 41.
1502:
1500:
1275:as a great master of occult power and wisdom.
1186:might be the same work under its Latin titles
681:interpolations by a late 19th-century forger.
2629:
2060:Simon Swain: "Apollonius in Wonderland", in:
2041:The Cambridge History of Classical Literature
1514:. Rome: L'Erma di Bretschneider. p. 32.
1422:Philostratus: The Life of Apollonius of Tyana
3359:
2112:
2082:Dzielska pp. 129–130, 136–141, 145–149.
1715:Philostratus; Jones, Christopher P. (2005),
1291:Apollonius of Tyana is a major character in
1111:) cited by the Italian university professor
979:conducted his military campaign against the
489:worshipped him, and her grandnephew emperor
2100:Dzielska pp. 15, 98-103, 153-157, 162.
1653:
1497:
1131:attributed to the seven classical planets.
2672:
2636:
2622:
2420:Eliphas Lévi and the French occult revival
1965:
1758:Apollonius of Tyana: Tradition and Reality
1682:
31:
2541:Apollonius of Tyana in Legend and History
2361:The book of wisdom of Apollonius of Tyana
1784:Philostratus, Life of Apollonius 8.30-31.
1636:Apollonius of Tyana in Legend and History
1633:Dzielska, Maria; Stucchi, Sandro (1986).
1512:Apollonius of Tyana in legend and history
1125:Liber De Septem Figuris Septem Planetarum
1121:On the Seven Figures of the Seven Planets
812:Dialogue Between a Priest and a Dying Man
722:
277:Greek household. His primary biographer,
2417:
2388:. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions.
2118:
1966:Flinterman, Jaap-Jan (16 January 2023).
1659:
1506:
1201:
906:The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
599:(Book VIII, Chapter XXVI). When emperor
565:, in particular his home town of Tyana,
324:
227:that he was said to have performed as a
2454:, Wilmette 1988, pp. 135-152, §31.
2220:The Christ-Myth Theory and its Problems
1876:
1719:, Harvard University Press, p. 2,
1688:
1593:
1230:Apollonius of Tyana in Baháʼí Scripture
3950:
2810:
2383:
1418:(Greek texts and English translations)
1158:) which became a foundational text of
1119:. Another falsely attributed work is
461:, and predicting a plague by means of
261:, his followers believed he underwent
2733:
2617:
1806:; see on this Dzielska pp. 56, 59–60.
1708:
1053:In the Latin tradition, there is the
956:In the 2nd century the satirist
739:philosopher, claimed in his treatise
2124:"Christ's real existence impossible"
1440:(Greek text and English translation)
1081:) which would later become known as
1063:Book of Flowers of Heavenly Teaching
421:and Asia Minor but also traveled to
337:depicting Apollonius, 2nd century AD
209:His exceptional personality and his
2645:Ancient Greek schools of philosophy
2222:, Atheist Press, 2011, p. 20,
1756:Among others, E. L. Bowie. (1978).
1539:
1510:(1986). "On the memoirs of Damis".
1398:mentions and discusses Apollonius.
615:
512:
322:gives a birth year of about 40 AD.
149:
13:
3988:Ancient Greek philosophers of mind
2328:Dzielska pp. 99-127, 163-165.
2273:Flinterman pp. 60-66, 89-106.
1022:
533:thought to have been brought from
14:
4059:
2554:
2512:Power, Paideia and Pythagoreanism
1952:Cassius Dio 67.18; Philostratus,
1793:Dzielska pp. 83–85, 186–192.
1772:Power, Paideia and Pythagoreanism
1600:The American Journal of Philology
1069:) compiled by King Solomon. The
1038:In the Greek tradition, there is
802:with an anti-Church introduction.
2566:Apollonius article at Livius.org
2445:Lawh-i-Hikmat (Tablet of Wisdom)
1916:, Berlin 1935, pp. 299–312.
1738:Dzielska pp. 138–146.
1693:. ScholarlyCommons. p. 37.
1067:Liber Florum Caelestis Doctrinae
830:Some early- to mid-20th-century
500:, being referred to by the name
202:and was one of the most famous "
2457:
2436:
2411:
2402:
2377:
2352:
2349:, Paris 1970, pp. 196-197.
2331:
2322:
2292:
2276:
2267:
2258:Alexander, or The False Prophet
2250:
2241:
2232:
2209:
2186:
2173:
2159:
2134:
2103:
2094:
2085:
2076:
2067:
2054:
2034:
2025:
2012:
1999:
1986:
1959:
1946:
1937:
1928:
1919:
1906:
1870:
1859:
1848:
1809:
1796:
1787:
1778:
1763:
1750:
1741:
1717:The Life of Apollonius of Tyana
1664:. ReadHowYouWant. p. 448.
1285:The Temptation of Saint Anthony
861:evoked Apollonius in his later
714:and the anthology assembled by
703:. Apollonius wrote a treatise,
303:, however, the Roman historian
47:Heraklion Archaeological Museum
4028:Missing person cases in Greece
3968:1st-century Greek philosophers
2418:McIntosh, Christopher (1975).
2384:Castle, Matthias, ed. (2023).
1914:Der Vegetarismus in der Antike
1732:
1626:
1587:
1545:
1528:
1476:List of people who disappeared
1015:translation of Philostratus's
875:mythology, and celebrated his
251:conspiring against the emperor
45:(late 2nd century AD), now in
1:
2529:, University Park (PA) 1995,
1879:American Journal of Philology
1491:
1197:
398:and a biography by a certain
308:
293:
282:
268:
160:
89:
58:
3983:Ancient Greek letter writers
2593:vol. 1 pp. 345-368
2479:
1194:as cited by Cecco d'Ascoli.
1127:) which describes the seven
951:
939:myth theory is considered a
656:, the Indo-Parthian king of
507:
198:. He is a central figure in
170:) was a first-century Greek
7:
2601:Life of Apollonius of Tyana
2020:The Āgamaśātra of Gaudapāda
1639:. L'ERMA di BRETSCHNEIDER.
1444:
1401:
684:
631:According to Philostratus'
590:
349:Life of Apollonius of Tyana
10:
4064:
4013:Hellenism and Christianity
2408:Dzielska pp. 193-204.
2198:HarperCollins, USA. 2012.
2109:Dzielska pp. 204-209.
1934:Dzielska pp. 139–141.
1839:The Encyclopaedia of Islam
1594:Francis, James A. (1998).
1369:The Seven Faces of Dr. Lao
1345:, the 19th-century Briton
731:. In the late 3rd century
517:With the exception of the
493:may have done so as well.
359:at the request of empress
341:
245:for allegedly having used
141:
4048:Unsolved deaths in Greece
3898:
3813:
3770:
3712:
3674:
3626:
3553:
3510:
3501:
3449:
3416:
3306:
3278:
3235:
3197:
3169:
3118:
3075:
3066:
3043:
3011:
2985:
2976:
2935:
2912:
2819:
2770:
2742:
2724:
2651:
1972:. BRILL. pp. 86–87.
1565:10.1515/9783110297737.258
1316:and other clever tricks.
962:Alexander of Abonoteichus
946:
157:
117:
99:
85:
54:
41:and died there. Found in
30:
23:
3484:Alexander of Aphrodisias
2589:Flavii Philostrati opera
1266:The Last Days of Pompeii
1263:refers to Apollonius in
1174:which was translated by
1101:On Making Angelic Things
879:and aversion to ancient
745:Diocletianic Persecution
597:extra-sensory perception
449:in disregard of emperor
70:, Cappadocia, Anatolia (
3998:Formerly missing people
3978:Ancient Greek ethicists
3593:Lucius Annaeus Cornutus
3326:Thrasymachus of Corinth
3004:Metrodorus of Lampsacus
1481:List of unsolved deaths
1033:medieval European magic
779:in league with demons.
4043:People from Kemerhisar
3250:Aristippus the Younger
2347:Lettres (Livres VI-IX)
2337:Sidonius Apollinaris,
1912:Johannes Haussleiter:
1278:Apollonius appears in
1207:
928:
895:The Man Who Became God
741:Against the Christians
723:Comparisons with Jesus
415:forged by someone else
338:
279:Philostratus the Elder
3993:Entering heaven alive
3727:Eudorus of Alexandria
3298:Asclepiades of Phlius
3255:Theodorus the Atheist
2578:Epistolographi graeci
2509:Jaap-Jan Flinterman:
2463:Brown, Keven (1997).
1891:10.1353/ajp.1998.0037
1769:Jaap-Jan Flinterman:
1557:Noscendi Nilum Cupido
1382:The Fantastic Journey
1359:The Circus of Dr. Lao
1244:, the founder of the
1205:
936:mythic hero archetype
923:
328:
3661:Diogenes of Oenoanda
2571:7 March 2016 at the
2256:Lucian of Samosata:
1689:Abraham, RJ (2009).
1660:Haughton, B (2009).
1261:Edward Bulwer-Lytton
1212:Age of Enlightenment
1109:De Angelica Factione
1009:Sidonius Apollinaris
1005:Western Roman Empire
998:Eastern Roman Empire
765:Eusebius of Caesarea
735:, an anti-Christian
369:disappeared later on
3973:1st-century writers
3785:Apollonius of Tyana
3732:Philo of Alexandria
3535:Agrippa the Skeptic
3474:Strato of Lampsacus
2343:Sidoine Apollinaire
2062:Ethics and Rhetoric
2043:, vol. 1, ed.
1943:Cassius Dio 67.18.1
1925:Dzielska pp. 51–79.
1534:Dzielska pp.
1329:Masters of the Maze
1170:) cited within the
1148:Hermes Trismegistus
1105:De Angelica Factura
1029:Hermetic philosophy
467:heavenly assumption
134:Apollonius of Tyana
25:Apollonius of Tyana
4003:Greek centenarians
3860:Plutarch of Athens
3800:Numenius of Apamea
3790:Moderatus of Gades
3260:Hegesias of Cyrene
2607:2015-12-06 at the
2525:James A. Francis:
2515:, Amsterdam 1995,
1461:Christ myth theory
1208:
1117:John de Sacrobosco
1048:The Book of Wisdom
1040:The Book of Wisdom
992:In Late Antiquity
958:Lucian of Samosata
932:Christ myth theory
930:Proponents of the
622:Life of Apollonius
561:) and of northern
339:
263:heavenly ascension
233:lifelong companion
220:Life of Apollonius
168: 100 AD
3945:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3908:Nicetes of Smyrna
3497:
3496:
3412:
3411:
3374:Apollonius Cronus
3165:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3039:
3038:
2963:
2962:
2884:Metrodorus of Cos
2806:
2805:
2793:
2792:
2720:
2719:
2495:Graham Anderson:
2429:978-0-09-112270-6
2395:978-1-64411-528-2
2370:978-1-0966-5876-4
2204:978-0-06-220460-8
2007:A Guide to Taxila
1992:Graham Anderson:
1979:978-90-04-52574-0
1833:Martin Plessner:
1646:978-88-7062-599-8
1574:978-3-11-029767-6
1466:Jesus of Nazareth
1364:Charles G. Finney
1223:Dogme de la magie
1184:Treatise on Magic
1164:Treatise on Magic
1156:Tabula Smaragdina
1136:Sahib at-tilasmat
1019:, which is lost.
912:Biblical scholar
818:In his 1909 book
491:Severus Alexander
479:province of Syria
200:Neopythagoreanism
178:from the town of
131:
130:
4055:
4038:Neo-Pythagoreans
4018:Men centenarians
3900:Second Sophistic
3875:Ammonius Hermiae
3780:Nigidius Figulus
3694:Philo of Larissa
3676:Academic Skeptic
3540:Sextus Empiricus
3508:
3507:
3357:
3356:
3316:Euclid of Megara
3195:
3194:
3073:
3072:
2983:
2982:
2817:
2816:
2808:
2807:
2740:
2739:
2731:
2730:
2670:
2669:
2652:Proto-philosophy
2638:
2631:
2624:
2615:
2614:
2582:pp. 110-130
2539:Maria Dzielska:
2474:
2461:
2455:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2415:
2409:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2356:
2350:
2335:
2329:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2310:on 2 August 2018
2306:. Archived from
2296:
2290:
2283:Historia Augusta
2280:
2274:
2271:
2265:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2230:
2213:
2207:
2190:
2184:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2163:
2157:
2156:
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2132:
2131:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2092:
2089:
2083:
2080:
2074:
2071:
2065:
2058:
2052:
2045:P. E. Easterling
2038:
2032:
2029:
2023:
2016:
2010:
2003:
1997:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1963:
1957:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1917:
1910:
1904:
1902:
1874:
1868:
1863:
1857:
1852:
1846:
1831:
1825:
1817:Historia Augusta
1813:
1807:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1785:
1782:
1776:
1767:
1761:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1739:
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1730:
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1712:
1706:
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1630:
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1623:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1549:
1543:
1541:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1504:
1471:John the Baptist
1297:historical novel
1280:Gustave Flaubert
1250:Hermetic Tablets
1237:Tablet of Wisdom
1176:Hunayn ibn Ishaq
1150:to discover the
986:Historia Augusta
981:Palmyrene Empire
884:animal sacrifice
852:Helena Blavatsky
836:C. W. Leadbeater
773:Contra Hieroclem
716:Joannes Stobaeus
649:Neo-Pythagoreans
639:) in Syria (not
616:Journey to India
513:Historical facts
365:Septimus Severus
335:Palmyrene Empire
317:
313:
310:
302:
298:
297: 3 BC
295:
291:
287:
284:
182:, Cappadocia in
176:religious leader
169:
165:
162:
159:
151:
143:
94:
91:
80:, Niğde, Turkey)
63:
60:
35:
21:
20:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4053:
4052:
4023:Miracle workers
3948:
3947:
3946:
3937:
3894:
3823:Ammonius Saccas
3809:
3766:
3714:Middle Platonic
3708:
3670:
3622:
3613:Marcus Aurelius
3549:
3525:Timon of Phlius
3493:
3463:Aristotelianism
3445:
3408:
3389:Diodorus Cronus
3355:
3302:
3274:
3231:
3193:
3157:
3114:
3062:
3035:
3007:
2972:
2959:
2931:
2908:
2802:
2789:
2766:
2716:
2668:
2647:
2642:
2609:Wayback Machine
2599:Philostratus's
2573:Wayback Machine
2557:
2499:, London 1986,
2482:
2477:
2462:
2458:
2441:
2437:
2430:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2396:
2382:
2378:
2371:
2357:
2353:
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2332:
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2313:
2311:
2304:chs.harvard.edu
2298:
2297:
2293:
2281:
2277:
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2268:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2242:
2237:
2233:
2216:Robert M. Price
2214:
2210:
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2187:
2178:
2174:
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2017:
2013:
2005:John Marshall,
2004:
2000:
1991:
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1960:
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1551:
1550:
1546:
1533:
1529:
1522:
1505:
1498:
1494:
1447:
1404:
1324:science fiction
1258:
1232:
1200:
1168:Risalat al-Sihr
1025:
1023:The Middle Ages
954:
949:
891:Gerald Messadié
840:Alice A. Bailey
807:Marquis de Sade
725:
687:
618:
593:
539:Aegae (Cilicia)
515:
510:
459:human sacrifice
344:
315:
311:
300:
296:
289:
285:
271:
257:and subsequent
204:miracle workers
167:
163:
92:
81:
75:
65:
61:
50:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3913:Dio Chrysostom
3910:
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3811:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3776:
3774:
3772:Neopythagorean
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
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3598:Musonius Rufus
3595:
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3563:Zeno of Citium
3559:
3557:
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3532:
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2555:External links
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2011:
1998:
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1978:
1958:
1954:Vita Apollonii
1945:
1936:
1927:
1918:
1905:
1885:(3): 419–441.
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1822:Vita Alexandri
1808:
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1671:978-1442953321
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1606:(3): 419–441.
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1540:أبولونيوس19–50
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1337:, the Chinese
1335:Biblical Enoch
1320:Avram Davidson
1257:
1254:
1231:
1228:
1199:
1196:
1192:De Arte Magica
1152:Emerald Tablet
1113:Cecco d'Ascoli
1097:The Notory Art
1083:The Notory Art
1071:Golden Flowers
1055:Golden Flowers
1044:Biblos Sophias
1024:
1021:
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922:
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914:Bart D. Ehrman
910:
898:
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844:Benjamin Creme
828:
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796:Charles Blount
724:
721:
710:Philostratus'
686:
683:
617:
614:
592:
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514:
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475:Western Europe
433:, and even to
343:
340:
320:Maria Dzielska
292:), places him
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249:as a means of
229:wandering sage
206:" of his day.
184:Roman Anatolia
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3361:Dialecticians
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2550:
2549:88-7062-599-0
2546:
2543:, Rome 1986,
2542:
2538:
2536:
2535:0-271-01304-4
2532:
2528:
2524:
2522:
2521:90-5063-236-X
2518:
2514:
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2508:
2506:
2505:0-7099-0575-0
2502:
2498:
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2491:0-393-06142-6
2488:
2484:
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2472:
2468:
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2460:
2453:
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2447:
2446:
2442:Bahá'u'lláh,
2439:
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2228:9781578840175
2225:
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2201:
2197:
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2189:
2182:
2179:B.W. Young ''
2176:
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2147:
2146:theosophy.org
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2070:
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2057:
2050:
2049:B. M. W. Knox
2046:
2042:
2037:
2028:
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2015:
2008:
2002:
1995:
1989:
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1726:0-674-99613-5
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1456:Christ figure
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1438:0-674-99614-3
1435:
1431:
1430:0-674-99613-5
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1413:
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1302:
1298:
1294:
1293:Steven Saylor
1289:
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1281:
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1251:
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1240:, written by
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1169:
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1161:
1157:
1153:
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1145:
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1137:
1132:
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1129:magic squares
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975:When Emperor
973:
971:
967:
963:
959:
944:
942:
941:fringe theory
937:
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927:
919:
918:New Testament
915:
911:
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901:Edward Gibbon
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824:John Remsburg
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579:On sacrifices
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316: 235 AD
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100:Occupation(s)
98:
93: 100 AD
88:
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69:
57:
53:
48:
44:
40:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3958:0s BC births
3928:Philostratus
3815:Neoplatonist
3784:
3469:Theophrastus
3143:Dionysodorus
3100:Thrasymachus
2726:Pre-Socratic
2600:
2588:
2577:
2540:
2526:
2510:
2496:
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2413:
2404:
2385:
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2333:
2324:
2312:. Retrieved
2308:the original
2303:
2294:
2286:
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2278:
2269:
2261:
2257:
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2243:
2234:
2219:
2211:
2195:
2188:
2180:
2175:
2161:
2149:. Retrieved
2145:
2136:
2127:
2120:Remsburg, JE
2114:
2105:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2069:
2061:
2056:
2040:
2036:
2027:
2019:
2014:
2006:
2001:
1994:Philostratus
1993:
1988:
1968:
1961:
1953:
1948:
1939:
1930:
1921:
1913:
1908:
1903:p. 419.
1882:
1878:
1872:
1861:
1850:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1829:
1821:
1815:
1811:
1802:Cassius Dio
1798:
1789:
1780:
1770:
1765:
1757:
1752:
1743:
1734:
1716:
1710:
1702:
1690:
1684:
1675:
1661:
1655:
1635:
1628:
1603:
1599:
1589:
1578:, retrieved
1556:
1547:
1530:
1511:
1421:
1407:
1393:
1388:
1380:
1374:
1367:
1357:
1355:
1327:
1318:
1299:
1290:
1283:
1277:
1270:
1264:
1259:
1246:Baháʼí Faith
1235:
1233:
1221:
1218:Eliphas Levi
1216:
1209:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1155:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1133:
1124:
1120:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1059:Flores Aurei
1058:
1054:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1037:
1026:
1016:
1002:
991:
984:
974:
955:
929:
924:
904:
894:
862:
848:Master Jesus
832:Theosophists
819:
810:
799:
781:
772:
740:
726:
711:
709:
704:
698:
688:
666:
632:
630:
621:
619:
594:
582:
578:
543:
527:
523:Philostratus
516:
501:
495:
471:
431:North Africa
404:
380:
376:
357:Philostratus
347:
345:
301: 97 AD
275:aristocratic
272:
253:; after his
240:
219:
208:
192:North Africa
133:
132:
126:miracle-work
95:(aged c. 85)
72:Roman Empire
62: 15 AD
18:
3530:Aenesidemus
3503:Hellenistic
3451:Peripatetic
3369:Clinomachus
3207:Antisthenes
2821:Pythagorean
2772:Heraclitean
2757:Anaximander
2674:Seven Sages
2587:Letters in
1508:Dzielska, M
1486:Simon Magus
1242:Bahá'u'lláh
1088:Ars Notoria
877:Sun worship
873:antisemitic
737:Neoplatonic
647:, whom the
610:tyrannicide
606:Cassius Dio
550:Pythagorean
435:Mesopotamia
361:Julia Domna
305:Cassius Dio
188:Middle East
172:philosopher
112:philosopher
3963:90s deaths
3952:Categories
3885:Simplicius
3850:Iamblichus
3795:Nicomachus
3684:Arcesilaus
3651:Philodemus
3641:Metrodorus
3583:Posidonius
3573:Chrysippus
3512:Pyrrhonist
3436:Xenocrates
3431:Speusippus
3404:Panthoides
3245:Aristippus
3148:Euthydemus
3085:Protagoras
3058:Democritus
3021:Empedocles
2994:Anaxagoras
2945:Parmenides
2922:Xenophanes
2879:Hermotimus
2829:Pythagoras
2780:Heraclitus
2762:Anaximenes
2664:Pherecydes
2659:Epimenides
2345:, vol. 3:
2151:12 January
1492:References
1377:Mel Ferrer
1362:(1935) by
1314:suggestion
1198:Modern era
1093:Notory Art
871:within an
859:Ezra Pound
834:, notably
827:favorable.
820:The Christ
769:Lactantius
695:Iamblichus
645:Pythagoras
555:Asia Minor
537:, perhaps
483:Pythagoras
400:Moiragenes
383:Pythagoras
363:, wife of
314: – c.
312: 155
299: – c.
290: 247
288: – c.
286: 170
269:Life dates
255:conviction
166: – c.
142:Ἀπολλώνιος
122:Divination
78:Kemerhisar
64:(disputed)
3918:Favorinus
3880:Damascius
3722:Antiochus
3689:Carneades
3656:Lucretius
3628:Epicurean
3603:Epictetus
3578:Panaetius
3568:Cleanthes
3459:Aristotle
3384:Dionysius
3379:Euphantus
3331:Eubulides
3293:Menedemus
3265:Anniceris
3171:Classical
3138:Lycophron
3133:Callicles
3053:Leucippus
3031:Pausanias
2999:Archelaus
2978:Pluralist
2874:Calliphon
2859:Brontinus
2839:Philolaus
2707:Cleobulus
2702:Periander
2339:Epistolae
1899:162372233
1699:748512857
1612:0002-9475
1451:Bar-Jesus
1282:'s novel
994:talismans
966:charlatan
952:Antiquity
794:In 1680,
767:and from
753:Hierocles
508:Biography
487:Caracalla
333:from the
331:medallion
231:with his
164: 15
158:अपालुन्यः
3865:Syrianus
3845:Porphyry
3833:students
3828:Plotinus
3752:Alcinous
3747:Apuleius
3737:Plutarch
3636:Epicurus
3418:Platonic
3399:Alexinus
3346:Pasicles
3341:Nicarete
3321:Ichthyas
3308:Megarian
3280:Eretrian
3237:Cyrenaic
3222:Menippus
3212:Diogenes
3189:Xenophon
3183:students
3179:Socrates
3090:Prodicus
2955:Melissus
2927:Xeniades
2889:Arignote
2854:Alcmaeon
2849:Lamiskos
2844:Archytas
2834:Hippasus
2798:Diogenes
2785:Cratylus
2744:Milesian
2692:Pittacus
2605:Archived
2569:Archived
2314:2 August
2122:(1909).
1445:See also
1402:Editions
1351:Martians
1347:Bathurst
1339:King Wen
1310:Socrates
1306:Domitian
1226:(1854).
1182:). The
1091:). The
1079:Ars Nova
977:Aurelian
777:sorcerer
749:polemics
733:Porphyry
691:Porphyry
685:Writings
678:Sanskrit
669:Sanskrit
662:Pakistan
654:Phraotes
601:Domitian
591:Miracles
455:Domitian
443:Ethiopia
381:Life of
373:Eusebius
225:miracles
211:mystical
154:Sanskrit
49:, Crete.
4033:Mystics
3933:more...
3890:more...
3870:Proclus
3805:more...
3762:more...
3704:more...
3666:more...
3618:more...
3545:more...
3489:more...
3441:more...
3270:more...
3227:more...
3153:more...
3128:Gorgias
3120:Italian
3110:more...
3095:Hippias
3068:Sophist
3045:Atomist
3013:Italian
2937:Eleatic
2914:Skeptic
2904:more...
2899:Eurytus
2812:Italian
2480:Sources
2206:p. 208.
1835:Balinus
1804:78.18.4
1620:1561679
1580:31 July
1392:' poem
1343:Lao Tze
1188:De Hyle
1160:alchemy
1085:(Latin
1077:(Latin
1075:New Art
1065:(Latin
1057:(Latin
1042:(Greek
1003:In the
805:In the
674:Advaita
641:Nineveh
575:Antioch
567:Ephesus
546:ascetic
535:Cilicia
502:Balinus
411:acolyte
392:Aegaeae
388:Maximus
375:) from
354:sophist
342:Sources
241:He was
215:legends
3923:Lucian
3855:Julian
3840:Origen
3699:Cicero
3608:Arrian
3588:Seneca
3520:Pyrrho
3351:Bryson
3336:Stilpo
3217:Crates
3077:Ionian
2987:Ionian
2864:Theano
2752:Thales
2735:Ionian
2712:Chilon
2682:Thales
2547:
2533:
2519:
2503:
2489:
2469:, in:
2426:
2392:
2367:
2262:Lucian
2260:, in:
2226:
2202:
1976:
1897:
1837:, in:
1723:
1697:
1668:
1643:
1618:
1610:
1571:
1536:Arabic
1518:
1436:
1428:
1414:
1326:novel
1301:Empire
1272:Zanoni
947:Impact
881:Jewish
864:Cantos
788:reason
658:Taxila
637:Manbij
559:Turkey
441:, and
429:, and
419:Greece
396:Aeolis
146:Arabic
108:orator
43:Gortyn
3757:Galen
3742:Gaius
3555:Stoic
3426:Plato
3394:Philo
3199:Cynic
3105:Damon
3026:Acron
2968:Hippo
2687:Solon
1895:S2CID
1616:JSTOR
1395:Lamia
1390:Keats
1013:Latin
970:fraud
869:Aryan
784:deism
729:Jesus
626:India
571:Aegae
563:Syria
530:Adana
519:Adana
463:magic
439:India
427:Spain
423:Italy
409:, an
407:Damis
247:magic
243:tried
236:Damis
196:India
180:Tyana
150:بلينس
76:(now
68:Tyana
39:Crete
2950:Zeno
2894:Myia
2869:Damo
2697:Bias
2545:ISBN
2531:ISBN
2517:ISBN
2501:ISBN
2487:ISBN
2448:in:
2424:ISBN
2390:ISBN
2365:ISBN
2316:2018
2224:ISBN
2200:ISBN
2153:2019
2047:and
1974:ISBN
1721:ISBN
1695:OCLC
1666:ISBN
1641:ISBN
1608:ISSN
1582:2023
1569:ISBN
1516:ISBN
1434:ISBN
1432:and
1426:ISBN
1412:ISBN
1341:and
1269:and
1234:The
1190:and
1031:and
1017:Life
842:and
800:Life
761:hero
712:Life
700:Suda
693:and
633:Life
584:nous
573:and
528:The
451:Nero
447:Rome
194:and
174:and
104:Sage
86:Died
55:Born
1887:doi
1883:119
1604:119
1561:doi
1379:in
1356:In
1322:'s
1295:'s
1107:or
893:'s
889:In
809:'s
757:god
751:.
394:in
238:.
3954::
2302:.
2285:,
2218:.
2144:.
2126:.
1893:.
1881:.
1820:,
1701:.
1674:.
1614:.
1602:.
1598:.
1567:,
1555:,
1538::
1499:^
1353:.
1007:,
850:.
838:,
822:,
612:.
569:,
525:.
504:.
469:.
437:,
425:,
329:A
309:c.
294:c.
283:c.
190:,
161:c.
156::
152:;
148::
144:;
140::
124:,
110:,
106:,
90:c.
59:c.
3465:)
3461:(
3185:)
3181:(
2637:e
2630:t
2623:v
2595:.
2584:.
2432:.
2398:.
2373:.
2318:.
2169:.
2155:.
1982:.
1901:.
1889::
1649:.
1622:.
1563::
1542:.
1524:.
1178:(
1166:(
1154:(
1142:(
1123:(
1103:(
886:.
557:(
307:(
281:(
136:(
74:)
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