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61:
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92:
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81:
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1829:-like forms. People of the villages at the heart of the Cappadocia region carved out houses, churches and monasteries from the soft rocks of volcanic deposits. Göreme became a Christian monastic centre in 300–1200 AD. The Yusuf Koç, Ortahane, Durmus Kadir and Bezirhane churches in Göreme, and houses and churches carved into rocks in the Uzundere, Bağıldere and Zemi Valleys, all evidence Cappadocia as a centre of early Christian learning and are thus a place of pilgrimage. The
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1039:(IUGS) included 'The Miocene Cappadocian ignimbrites sequence' in its assemblage of 100 'geological heritage sites' around the world in a listing published in October 2022. The organisation defines an IUGS Geological Heritage Site as 'a key place with geological elements and/or processes of international scientific relevance, used as a reference, and/or with a substantial contribution to the development of geological sciences through history.'
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Nevşehir and 6 cm from Ürgüp, attracts travellers' attention. St Paul considered Göreme to be more suitable for the training of missionaries. There are about 400 churches in the vicinity of Göreme which was one of the most important centres of
Christianity between the 6th and the 9th C, including churches found in and around Zelve, Mustafapaşa, Avcılar, Uçhisar, Ortahisar and Çavuşin.
1957:
1435:. By 386, the region to the east of Caesarea had become part of Armenia Secunda, while the northeast had become part of Armenia Prima. Cappadocia largely consisted of major estates, owned by the Roman emperors or wealthy local families. The Cappadocian provinces became more important in the latter part of the 4th century, as the Romans were involved with the
1412:
to the
Scripture, dealt food to the hungry and satisfied the poor with bread He gathered together the victims of the famine and obtaining contributions of all sorts of food which can relieve famine, set before them basins of soup and such meat as was found preserved among us, on which the poor live Such was our young furnisher of corn, and second
1411:
The city was in distress and there was no source of assistance The hardest part of all such distress is the insensibility and insatiability of those who possess supplies Such are the buyers and sellers of corn by his word and advice open the stores of those who possessed them, and so, according
2586:
History, nature and mankind have created many important wonders in
Cappadocia: 1- The unique natural landscape, include fairy chimneys, rock formations and valleys. 2- The rock-hewn churches decorated with frescoes from the 6th-12th C of scenes from the Bible, especially the lives of Jesus, Mother
2651:
However, the longest working and living period was the century when underground cities in
Cappadocia were dug by Christians who could not bear Arabic and Sassanid threat after Capadocia was conquered … It is clearly visible in some underground cities in Cappadocia that the rooms located near the
3167:
The
Christians taking shelter in the valleys of Göreme because of Arab raids, named this place 'gor emi' meaning 'you cannot see this place'. The name was changed to Korama and then to Göreme. With its very interesting fairy chimneys and the rock-cut churches, the valley of Avcılar, 17 km from
1540:
They were assigned the
Sebaste (now Siwas) district of Cappadocia. Their number grew to such an extent that they became valuable auxiliaries to the imperial armies. They were employed to garrison the fortresses reconquered from the Arabs (probably Membedj, Dolouk, etc.). They formed excellent
902:. As after the fall of the Persian government the two provinces continued to be separate, the distinction was perpetuated, and the name Cappadocia came to be restricted to the inland province (sometimes called Great Cappadocia), which alone will be the focus of this article.
1960:
1959:
1965:
1963:
1958:
1428:"ungrudgingly spent upon the poor his patrimony even before he was a priest, and most of all in the time of the famine, during which was a ruler of the Church, though still a priest in the rank of presbyters; and afterwards did not hoard even what remained to him".
1964:
1592:. The underground cities have vast defence networks of traps throughout their many levels. These traps are very creative, including such devices as large round stones to block doors and holes in the ceiling through which the defenders may drop spears.
1327:
of
Cappadocia, thus creating a buffer zone against the encroaching Romans. It was not until Rome had deposed the Pontic and Armenian kings that the rule of Ariobarzanes was established (63 BC). In the civil wars Cappadocia was first for
1627:. With the rise of Turkish power in Anatolia, Cappadocia slowly became a tributary to the Turkish states that were established to the east and to the west; some of the native population converted to Islam with the rest forming the remaining
1962:
1946:, but detailed epidemiological investigation demonstrated that the substance causes the disease mostly in families with a genetic predisposition to mineral fiber carcinogenesis. The studies are being extended to other parts of the region.
1204:. Strabo furthermore relates, were "noteworthy enclosures; and in their midst there is an altar, on which there is a large quantity of ashes and where the magi keep the fire ever burning." According to Strabo, who wrote during the time of
2946:
4200:
1169:, previously satrap of the region, declared himself king of the Cappadocians. As Ariarathes I (332–322 BC), he was a successful ruler, and he extended the borders of the Cappadocian Kingdom as far as to the
992:
to the northwest. Due to its inland location and high altitude, Cappadocia has a markedly continental climate, with hot dry summers and cold snowy winters. Rainfall is sparse and the region is largely semi-arid.
2149:
159:
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services were gratuitous and his succour of the famine gained no profit, having only one object, to win kindly feelings by kindly treatment, and to gain by his rations of corn the heavenly blessings.
2064:. Between September 9 and September 13, 2016, for the first time, the Turkish Presidential Bike Tour took place in Cappadocia where more than 300 cyclists from around the globe participated.
2188:
1431:
In 371, the western part of the
Cappadocia province was divided into Cappadocia Prima, with its capital at Caesarea (modern-day Kayseri); and Cappadocia Secunda, with its capital at
1961:
1012:
later called Tokhma Su. But as no one of these rivers was navigable or served to fertilize the lands along its course, none has much importance in the history of the province.
3366:
4244:
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1674:), to serve as regional capital, a role the city continues to assume to this day. In the meantime many former Cappadocians had shifted to a Turkish dialect (written in
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1132:
aristocracy, dwelling in strong castles and keeping the peasants in a servile condition, which later made them apt to foreign slavery. It was included in the third
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1387:
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was maintained (Sille, villages near
Kayseri, Pharasa town and other nearby villages), it became heavily influenced by the surrounding Turkish. This dialect of
832:. The Cappadocians were named as one group (among "Parthians, Medes and Elamites; residents of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia") hearing the
4620:
4185:
3546:
2726:, vol. 5 (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1980), p. 399, and L. Summerer, "Amisos – eine Griechische Polis im Land der Leukosyrer", in: M. Faudot et al. (eds.),
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entrance are profoundly different from those that are inside. Saratli and Özlüce underground cities are given as an example regarding these differences.
4615:
2388:
1173:. The kingdom of Cappadocia lived in peace until the death of Alexander. The previous empire was then divided into many parts, and Cappadocia fell to
1035:
In respect of the 'voluminous eruption deposits in a fluvio-lacustrine sequence with 'fairy-chimney' development produced by uplift and erosion', the
5755:
1200:, observing them in the first century BC, records (XV.3.15) that these "fire kindlers" possessed many "holy places of the Persian Gods", as well as
856:
states "Now there were staying in
Jerusalem God-fearing Jews from every nation under heaven," seeming to suggest that some of the Cappadocians were
4237:
4210:
3521:
Ene D-Vasilescu, Elena, "Shrines and Schools in Byzantine Cappadocia", Journal of Early Christian History, volume 9, Issue 1, 2019, pp. 1–29
1185:, the adopted son of Ariarathes I, recovered his inheritance and left it to a line of successors, who mostly bore the name of the founder of the
1261:, and their forces were annihilated (130 BC). The imbroglio which followed his death ultimately led to interference by the rising power of
968:, in the heartland of what is now Turkey. The relief consists of a high plateau over 1000 m in altitude that is pierced by volcanic peaks, with
1348:
was given the throne, by favour first of Antony and then of Octavian, and maintained tributary independence until AD 17, when the emperor
1478:
era it remained relatively undisturbed by the conflicts in the area with the Sassanid Empire, but was a vital frontier zone later against the
980:. The boundaries of historical Cappadocia are vague, particularly towards the west. To the south, the Taurus Mountains form the boundary with
5615:
1699:
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5370:
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2060:, is held annually in July. The race tours 244 km (152 mi) in six days through several places across Cappadocia reaching out to
1143:
but continued to be governed by rulers of its own, none apparently supreme over the whole country and all more or less tributaries of the
928:, the capital of the whole country, was situated. The only two cities of Cappadocia considered by Strabo to deserve that appellation were
4230:
4205:
4123:
1565:
was eventually formed. This immigration was increased further after the decline of the local imperial power and the establishment of the
4132:
3449:
3374:
3237:
Carbone, Michelle; et al. (2007). "A mesothelioma epidemic in Cappadocia: scientific developments and unexpected social outcomes".
4212:
4198:
4197:
4174:
4173:
3539:
2176:
1036:
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4206:
4169:
4141:
4128:
2756:, or that it is otherwise of Hittite or Luwian origin (by Tischler and Del Monte, mentioned in Schmitt (1980)). According to A. Room,
177:
4147:
1363:
to Cappadocia, and made the combined province a frontier bulwark. It remained, under various provincial redistributions, part of the
1308:
120:
4194:
4171:
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2325:
1733:
The area is a popular tourist destination, as it has many areas with unique geological, historic, cultural, and religious features.
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4148:
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1250:
1215:), almost three hundred years after the fall of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, there remained only traces of Persians in western
890:, or governments, with one comprising the central and inland portion, to which the name of Cappadocia continued to be applied by
4209:
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4153:
4139:
4134:
4126:
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The Decline of Medieval Hellenism in Asia Minor and the Process of Islamization from the Eleventh through the Fifteenth Century
2736:, vol. 10 (Stuttgart: Alfred Druckenmüller, 1919), col. 1911), the name derives from Old Persian and means either "land of the
1467:
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epochs, underlie the Cappadocia region. The rocks of Cappadocia near Göreme eroded into hundreds of spectacular pillars and
4308:
established after 584. After massive territorial losses in the 7th century, the remaining provinces were superseded by the
4156:
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2254:
1639:-based Seljuks in the second half of the 13th century, they were gradually replaced by successive Turkic ruled states: the
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1698:. Following the foundation of Turkey in 1922, those who still identified with this pre-Islamic culture of Cappadocia were
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2300:
2211:
1841:) and is one of the most famous sites in central Turkey. The complex contains more than 30 carved-from-rock churches and
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Persian colonists in the Cappadocian kingdom, cut off from their co-religionists in Iran proper, continued to practice
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infantry for the armies of Basileus in all wars, constantly fighting with courage and success alongside the Romans.
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1999:
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1981:
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Facade of an ancient church called Açik Saray, literally meaning "Open Palace", carved into the valley walls in
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3855:
1312:
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4131:
1838:
1726:
1067:
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1702:, so this language is now only spoken by a handful of their descendants, most now located in modern Greece.
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479:
The name, traditionally used in Christian sources throughout history, continues in use as an international
24:
4163:
4137:
1585:
1443:
and "Armenia beyond the Euphrates". Cappadocia, now well into the Roman era, still retained a significant
60:
5740:
4630:
4182:
4179:
2945:
Evelpidou, Niki; Figueiredo, Tomás; Mauro, Francesco; Tecim, Vahap; Vassilopoulos, Andreas (2010-01-19).
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20:
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The coinage of Cappadocian kings was quite extensive and produced by highest standards of the time. See
2282:
1881:
1655:. Cappadocia remained part of the Ottoman Empire until 1922, when it became part of the modern state of
5531:
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Mary and saints. 3- The undergound settlements many consider to by the 8th wonder of the ancient world.
2432:
1930:
In 1975, a study of three small villages in central Cappadocia—Tuzköy, Karain and Sarıhıdır—found that
1873:
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1243:
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268:
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680:) dates from the late sixth century BC, when it appears in the trilingual inscriptions of two early
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1979:
The area was featured in several films due to its topography. The 1983 Italian/French/Turkish film
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91:
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2730:(2005), 129–66 According to an older theory (W. Ruge, "Kappadokia", in A.F. Pauly – G. Wissowa,
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1345:
1231:
988:. To the west, Cappadocia is bounded by the historical regions of Lycaonia to the southwest, and
402:
45:
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4176:
5177:
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4160:
4149:
2010:
1993:
1764:
1479:
594:
422:
5585:
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1865:
133:
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4774:
4700:
4293:
4195:
4183:
3870:
3239:
2316:
1320:
1156:
3396:"VİDEO | Bisiklet festivali başladı - TRT Spor - Türkiye'nin güncel spor haber kaynağı"
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1834:
1509:
817:
801:
492:
5330:
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4331:
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had established their sole dominance over the region. With the decline and the fall of the
1463:
1404:
1375:
1048:
631:
214:
5735:
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1279:
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concept to define a region of exceptional natural wonders, in particular characterized by
410:
8:
5730:
5336:
5291:
5109:
5099:
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4590:
4537:
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4305:
4111:
3900:
3791:
2483:
2202:
2022:
1609:
1546:
1459:
1162:
5526:
1352:, whom he had angered, summoned him to Rome and reduced Cappadocia to a Roman province.
1181:, who crucified Ariarathes; but in the dissensions which brought about Eumenes's death,
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5069:
5044:
4933:
4817:
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4479:
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4190:
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2361:
1628:
1498:
1471:
1316:
1235:
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488:
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The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 3 (1): The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian periods
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71:
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2798:
2761:
2534:
2394:
2027:
1694:
1680:
1656:
1632:
1425:
1396:
1395:
In 314, Cappadocia was the largest province of the Roman Empire, and was part of the
985:
681:
661:
480:
886:
Under the later kings of the Persian Empire, the Cappadocians were divided into two
430:
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5245:
5202:
5157:
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4799:
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4737:
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4252:
3512:
3276:
3248:
3203:
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2398:
1581:
1421:
1413:
1364:
1116:. After the fall of the Hittite Empire, with the decline of the Syro-Cappadocians (
941:
774:
719:
685:
644:
586:
526:
484:
453:
418:
414:
386:
326:
2121:
2020:
Cappadocia's winter landscapes and broad panoramas are prominent in the 2014 film
1833:
is the most visited site of the Christian monastic communities in Cappadocia (see
5648:
5355:
5230:
5220:
5127:
5079:
5034:
4953:
4875:
4860:
4779:
4522:
4426:
4398:
4373:
4355:
4064:
4004:
3936:
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3691:
3672:
3294:
3135:
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2569:
1991:
were filmed in Cappadocia. The region was used for the 1989 science fiction film
1903:
1714:
1577:, the land of the Armenians, due to the large number of Armenians settled there.
1566:
1529:
1444:
1436:
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1239:
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708:
465:
221:
111:
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The Hungry are Dying: Beggars and Bishops in Roman Cappadocia by Susan R. Holman
726:. Therefore, the recent modification of this proposal operates with the Hittite
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and parts of Greece they survived under the themes until the early 9th century.
3860:
3657:
3524:
3432:
2493:
1685:
1675:
1652:
1620:
1613:
1570:
1487:
1483:
1452:
1360:
1227:
1193:
1133:
1101:
756:
426:
394:
1391:
Frescoes in Saint John's Church, in Gülşehir, dated by an inscription to 1212.
491:
learning, evidenced by hundreds of churches and monasteries (such as those of
80:
5719:
5636:
5394:
5122:
5074:
5039:
5029:
4938:
4638:
4441:
4436:
4388:
4368:
4297:
4281:
3925:
3823:
3444:
3427:
3260:
3215:
3207:
2229:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2031:
1791:
1380:
1333:
1238:. The kings henceforward threw in their lot with the Republic as against the
969:
516:
441:
192:
179:
145:
141:
3453:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 286–288.
1549:
invasion of Armenia, the Armenians spread into Cappadocia and eastward from
638:
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5320:
5137:
5132:
5084:
4870:
4837:
4832:
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4431:
4309:
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Coindoz M. Archeologia / Préhistoire et archéologie, n°241, 1988, pp. 48–59
2413:
1987:
1931:
1667:
1504:
1324:
1291:
1001:
997:
792:
452:). Cappadocia, in this sense, was bounded in the south by the chain of the
445:
3488:
Raditsa, Leo (1983). "Iranians in Asia Minor". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.).
2417:
2245:
1911:
1893:
741:'Land of good horses' can hardly be reconciled with the phonetic shape of
499:), as well as underground cities that were dug to offer protection during
5402:
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5215:
5182:
5094:
5049:
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Kadıkalesi (Temenni Tepe). Among the most visited underground cities are
1600:
1558:
1440:
1337:
1254:
1201:
785:: "and the Mosocheni were founded by Mosoch; now they are Cappadocians".
730:, literally "place below" as a starting point for the development of the
693:
100:
2843:
1737:
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3343:"Winter Sleep: Can a Three-Hour-Plus Prize-Winner Be Just Pretty Good?"
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1997:
to depict a cult of wind worshippers. In 2010 and early 2011, the film
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1884:. The best historic mansions and cave houses for tourist stays are in
1861:
1799:
1265:
and the intrigues and wars which ended in the failure of the dynasty.
1219:; however, he considered Cappadocia "almost a living part of Persia".
1004:
rivers with their higher affluents, and also the middle course of the
957:
137:
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2760:(London: MacFarland and Company, 1997), the name is a combination of
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2014:
1588:), many of which were dug by Christians to provide protection during
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761:
748:
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Mitchell, Stephen (2018). "Cappadocia". In Nicholson, Oliver (ed.).
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Natural Heritage from East to West: Case studies from 6 EU countries
2744:" or "land of the beautiful horses". It has also been proposed that
2195:
2082:
1970:
1919:
1889:
1783:
1516:
Cappadocia shared an always-changing relationship with neighbouring
860:, or part of the diaspora of Jews present in Jerusalem at the time.
444:(499 BC), the Cappadocians were reported as occupying a region from
264:
235:
5535:
5421:
5342: Affected (i.e. boundaries modified, abolished or renamed) by
5089:
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4605:
4313:
4024:
3984:
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3865:
3706:
3632:
3609:
3604:
3594:
2705:
2529:
2499:
2346:
2061:
2006:
1943:
1935:
1822:
1813:
deposits that erupted from ancient volcanoes approximately nine to
1772:
1624:
1349:
1341:
1258:
1205:
1165:
tried to rule the area through one of his military commanders. But
1109:
1078:
965:
899:
766:
751:
wrote that the name of the Cappadocians was applied to them by the
731:
689:
511:
469:
165:
3426:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2380:
2155:
The 'Three beauties' fairy chimneys, thought to be named after to
1749:
1662:
A fundamental change occurred in between when a new urban center,
1344:. The Ariobarzanes dynasty came to an end, a Cappadocian nobleman
5563:
5472:
5439:
5407:
5286:
5142:
5001:
4943:
4706:
Numidia (divided as Cirtensis and Militiana during the Tetrarchy)
4600:
4595:
4585:
4059:
4054:
4019:
4009:
3999:
3890:
3885:
3829:
3811:
3756:
3751:
3720:
3696:
3677:
3652:
3647:
3637:
3621:
3589:
3105:
The Crusades and the Christian World of the East: Rough Tolerance
3015:
2850:
2509:
2473:
1939:
1934:
was causing 50% of all deaths. Initially, this was attributed to
1826:
1818:
1760:
1756:
1745:
1741:
1721:
1640:
1550:
1517:
1174:
1125:
1113:
1024:
989:
981:
973:
952:
921:
887:
876:
868:
864:
837:
782:
778:
473:
457:
3819:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2865:
1493:. In the 9th–11th centuries, the region comprised the themes of
745:. Several other etymologies have also been offered in the past.
5567:
5296:
3979:
3834:
3815:
3803:
3786:
3766:
3736:
3711:
3579:
3574:
2514:
2447:
2199:
2160:
2127:
2017:, being their only album whose cover isn't computer-generated.
1849:
inside, dating from the ninth century to the eleventh century.
1846:
1842:
1803:
1768:
1400:
1329:
1197:
1136:
1129:
1117:
933:
906:
880:
872:
833:
770:
752:
406:
398:
253:
209:
4121:
2724:
Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie
2710:
Extraction and Control: Studies in Honor of Matthew W. Stolper
1689:
1455:
descent and Iranian fire worship is attested as late as 465".
625:
5665:
5522:
5504:
4991:
4986:
4966:
4069:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4014:
3994:
3795:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3741:
3701:
3667:
3662:
3613:
3194:
Dogan, Umran (2003). "Mesothelioma in Cappadocian villages".
3027:
2944:
2862:
2778:
1636:
1616:
1554:
1533:
1432:
1284:
1121:
937:
849:
487:, in addition to its religious heritage of being a centre of
2893:
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002, p.14.
2891:
Kingdom of Snow: Roman rule and Greek culture in Cappadocia.
2562:
Kingdom of Snow: Roman rule and Greek culture in Cappadocia.
1969:
A video showing all the different landscapes and terrain of
1778:
The most important towns and destinations in Cappadocia are
1319:
entered Cappadocia, dethroned king Ariobarzanes and crowned
5545:
3715:
2156:
2013:, features a photo of this region's fairy mountains as the
1521:
1482:. From the 7th century, Cappadocia was divided between the
786:
608:
577:
574:
568:
553:
547:
538:
377:
374:
368:
353:
347:
338:
4300:. Empire permanently partitioned after 395. Exarchates of
3109:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p.
3052:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3044:
3042:
1906:
is very popular in Cappadocia and is available in Göreme.
898:. This division had already come about before the time of
550:
350:
5499:
1644:
1403:
in 368 described as "the most severe ever remembered" by
1177:. His claims were made good in 322 BC by the regent
1128:
in the 6th century BC, Cappadocia was ruled by a sort of
532:
332:
3087:
Un empereur byzantin au dixième siècle, Nicéphore Phocas
2692:
Acts of the VIIIth International Congress of Hittitology
1545:
As a result of the Byzantine military campaigns and the
1370:
699:). In these lists of countries, the Old Persian name is
3039:
905:
The kingdom of Cappadocia still existed in the time of
2991:
2733:
Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft
675:
4736:
1242:, to whom they had been from time to time tributary.
655:
571:
556:
529:
371:
356:
329:
2799:"The resurrection of Cappadocian (Asia Minor Greek)"
565:
544:
535:
365:
344:
335:
2977:
Zoroastrians: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices
769:. One of the Cappadocian tribes he mentions is the
562:
541:
362:
341:
5385:
4330:
3966:
3317:"Autechre — Amber. Short story behind the artwork"
2970:
2968:
2728:Pont-Euxin et polis. Actes du Xe Symposium de Vani
1809:Sedimentary rocks formed in lakes and streams and
1755:The region is located southwest of the major city
1631:population. By the end of the early 12th century,
1462:of the 4th century were integral to much of early
3367:"Elite Athletes to run at The Runfire Cappadocia"
1910:is practised in Ihlara Valley, Monastery Valley (
1604:Cappadocia is famous for traditional cave hotels.
5717:
3554:
3140:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
3127:
1466:. It also produced, among other people, another
1311:, to succeed (93 BC); but in the same year
1030:
2965:
2554:
1268:
1008:, and the whole course of the tributary of the
523:The earliest record of the name of Cappadocia (
3431:
3033:
3021:
2906:"The First 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites"
2877:
2856:
2784:
2182:Pigeon Valley, formerly known as Vasil Potamus
5616:Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia
5371:
5323:by the Eastern Empire in 534 as the separate
4238:
4096:
3952:
3540:
3067:
3065:
1666:, was founded in the early 18th century by a
765:), who were most probably descendants of the
714:Subsequent research suggests that the adverb
16:Historical region in Central Anatolia, Turkey
3291:"Cappadocia « the Spirits of Vengeance"
3080:
2913:IUGS International Commission on Geoheritage
2232:(3916 m), the highest mountain in Cappadocia
1379:Ceiling fresco in Daniel Pantonassa Church,
1303:The Cappadocians, supported by Rome against
924:was the name given to the district in which
5346:'s administrative reorganization in 534–536
2617:. 16: Azim Matbaacılık. pp. 11–15, 70.
1736:Touristic Cappadocia includes four cities:
1520:, by that time a region of the Empire. The
1474:, who held office 517–520. For most of the
863:The region is also mentioned in the Jewish
5378:
5364:
4245:
4231:
4103:
4089:
3959:
3945:
3547:
3533:
3062:
3011:Asia Minor Coins – regal Cappadocian coins
2704:Yakubovich, Ilya (2014). Kozuh, M. (ed.).
2703:
2694:, A. Süel (ed.), Ankara 2008, pp. 299–319.
2003:was also filmed in the Cappadocia region.
1451:: "Many inhabitants of Cappadocia were of
1037:International Union of Geological Sciences
252:
164:Cappadocia among the classical regions of
4280:. Provincial administration reformed and
3514:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, Fasc. 7–8
3371:Istanbul Convention & Visitors Bureau
1860:The three main castles in Cappadocia are
1447:character; Stephen Mitchell notes in the
5756:First 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites
5751:Tourist attractions in Nevşehir Province
4254:Late Roman and early Byzantine provinces
3511:Weiskopf, Michael (1990). "Cappadocia".
3510:
3464:
3314:
3100:
3090:. Paris: Firmin-Didot. pp. 250–251.
3056:
2690:'down' and *ānni 'with, for, against'",
2686:Petra Goedegebuure, "The Luwian Adverbs
2606:
1955:
1851:
1720:
1709:
1599:
1503:
1386:
1374:
1290:
1278:
1230:, first as a foe espousing the cause of
1150:
996:Cappadocia contained the sources of the
976:(ancient Caesarea) being the tallest at
951:
947:
807:
791:
510:
4110:
3487:
3467:The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity
3236:
3133:
2997:
2640:
2638:
1553:into the mountainous areas of northern
1251:Publius Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus
5718:
5541:Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex
2712:. Chicago: Oriental Institute: 347–52.
1420:This is similar to another account by
1226:, Cappadocia came into relations with
5359:
5276:
5275:
4735:
4329:
4265:
4226:
4084:
3940:
3528:
3193:
3160:
2814:
2812:
2796:
2644:
2612:
2579:
2525:List of traditional Greek place names
1595:
1371:Early Christian and Byzantine periods
718:meaning 'down, below' is exclusively
5672:
3315:Palladev, George (9 February 2018).
3165:. 16: Azim Matbaacılık. p. 19.
2649:. 16: Azim Matbaacılık. p. 70.
2635:
2584:. 16: Azim Matbaacılık. p. 15.
920:) as a nominally independent state.
871:13:11, and in several places in the
840:in their own language on the day of
737:The earlier derivation from Iranian
618:
409:. It is largely in the provinces of
3340:
2026:(Turkish: Kış Uykusu), directed by
1942:mineral with similar properties to
1573:. To the crusaders, Cappadocia was
1449:Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity
13:
2809:
2771:) and a chief or ancestor's name,
2520:List of colossal sculpture in situ
2248:Monastery Valley and Church Mosque
2198:and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia (
1670:who was a native of the locality (
1093:Location of Achaemenid Cappadocia.
800:on the ceiling of Karanlık Kilise
14:
5767:
5661:
5468:Divriği Great Mosque and Hospital
2722:See R. Schmitt, "Kappadoker", in
1705:
1161:After ending the Persian Empire,
1027:age are present within the area.
984:and separate Cappadocia from the
722:, while its Luwian equivalent is
284:Cultural: i, iii, v; Natural: vii
5698:
5681:
5643:
5642:
5630:
4686:Africa proconsularis (Zeugitana)
4312:in c. 640–660, although in
3919:
3419:
2566:University of Pennsylvania Press
2489:Cappadocia under the Achaemenids
2454:
2439:
2424:
2406:
2387:
2369:
2354:
2339:
2324:
2308:
2293:
2281:
2265:
2253:
2237:
2222:
2210:
2187:
2175:
2148:
2134:
2120:
2105:
2090:
2074:
2058:Runfire Cappadocia Ultramarathon
2000:Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance
1086:
1066:
816:on the cross at Karanlık Kilise
755:, while they were termed by the
525:
325:
238:and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia
158:
119:
110:
99:
90:
79:
70:
59:
4296:established after the death of
3388:
3359:
3334:
3308:
3283:
3230:
3187:
3154:
3074:
3003:
2938:
2927:
2898:
2883:
2836:
2790:
2706:"From Lower Land to Cappadocia"
2142:Göreme Historical National Park
1982:Yor, the Hunter from the Future
1925:
1210:
1139:in the division established by
940:, not far from the foot of the
448:to the vicinity of the Euxine (
5746:Geography of Nevşehir Province
5726:World Heritage Sites in Turkey
5387:World Heritage Sites in Turkey
4644:Flaminia et Picenum Annonarium
4568:Diocese of Suburbicarian Italy
3101:MacEvitt, Christopher (2008).
2716:
2697:
2680:
2671:
2573:
2548:
2217:Balloons taking off at sunrise
1672:Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha
1257:, a claimant to the throne of
1213: 27 BC – AD 14
1108:, and was the homeland of the
397:: Καππαδοκία) is a historical
1:
4711:Tripolitania (Roman province)
4289:
3163:Cappadocia: Cradle of History
2748:is a Persianized form of the
2647:Cappadocia: Cradle of History
2615:Cappadocia: Cradle of History
2582:Cappadocia: Cradle of History
2541:
2260:Cappadocia traditional houses
1839:Churches of the Ihlara Valley
1031:IUGS geological heritage site
910:
894:, while the other was called
828:account given in the book of
152:, Aerial view over Cappadocia
3556:Ancient kingdoms of Anatolia
3196:Indoor and Built Environment
2934:Map of the Achaemenid Empire
2288:Horses roaming in Cappadocia
1619:under the leadership of the
1580:Cappadocia contains several
1528:asserts the following about
1269:Roman and Byzantine province
1120:) after their defeat by the
1053:List of rulers of Cappadocia
656:
639:
626:
609:
506:
25:Cappadocian (disambiguation)
7:
5319: Re-established after
4631:Diocese of Annonarian Italy
4266:
3373:. July 2013. Archived from
3202:(6). Ankara: Sage: 367–75.
2479:Ancient regions of Anatolia
2466:
2397:, meaning "Bell Church" in
1817:years ago, during the late
1563:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
1536:, during the 10th century:
1468:Patriarch of Constantinople
1275:Cappadocia (Roman province)
1073:Cappadocian soldier of the
964:Cappadocia lies in eastern
692:, as one of the countries (
676:
460:, to the east by the upper
21:Cappadocia (disambiguation)
10:
5772:
3494:Cambridge University Press
3458:
3082:Schlumberger, Gustave Léon
3034:Bunbury & Hogarth 1911
3022:Bunbury & Hogarth 1911
2878:Bunbury & Hogarth 1911
2857:Bunbury & Hogarth 1911
2785:Bunbury & Hogarth 1911
2416:, meaning "Red Church" in
2067:
2056:of desert concept, called
1272:
1234:, then as an ally against
1154:
1046:
1042:
1015:
824:Cappadocia appears in the
648:
635:
598:
273:Derinkuyu underground city
245:UNESCO World Heritage Site
18:
5624:
5608:
5576:
5554:
5513:
5490:
5453:
5430:
5393:
5309:
5292:Quaestura exercitus (536)
5282:
5271:
5201:
5108:
5020:
4952:
4909:
4898:
4846:
4808:
4760:
4749:
4745:
4731:
4676:
4629:
4566:
4555:
4513:
4465:
4417:
4354:
4343:
4339:
4325:
4272:
4261:
4118:
3975:
3914:
3843:
3729:
3562:
2194:Aktepe "White Hill" near
2041:
1717:is popular in Cappadocia.
1586:Kaymaklı Underground City
1512:, "Church of the Buckle".
1307:, elected a native lord,
777:with the biblical figure
711:, meaning "Low Country".
665:
310:
298:
288:
278:
269:Kaymakli Underground City
260:
251:
242:
220:
208:
173:
157:
53:
42:
35:
5168:Palaestina III Salutaris
4364:Alpes Poeninae et Graiae
3208:10.1177/1420326X03039065
3179:: CS1 maint: location (
3134:Vryonis, Speros (1971).
2663:: CS1 maint: location (
2627:: CS1 maint: location (
2598:: CS1 maint: location (
2303:in Monks Valley, Paşabağ
2081:Aerial view of the town
1949:
1305:Mithridates VI of Pontus
1297:Orophernes of Cappadocia
1100:Cappadocia was known as
5335: Placed under the
4696:Mauretania Caesariensis
4515:Diocese of the Britains
3471:Oxford University Press
3450:Encyclopædia Britannica
3433:Bunbury, Edward Herbert
2980:Psychology Press, 2001
2758:Placenames of the World
2446:Architectural style of
2364:in traditional clothing
1246:marched with the Roman
972:(ancient Argaeus) near
703:. It was proposed that
46:Central Anatolia Region
5178:Phoenice II Libanensis
4881:Macedonia II Salutaris
4294:praetorian prefectures
4256:(4th–7th centuries AD)
3967:Historical regions of
1974:
1857:
1831:Göreme Open Air Museum
1730:
1718:
1605:
1590:periods of persecution
1543:
1513:
1418:
1399:. The region suffered
1392:
1384:
1300:
1288:
961:
821:
805:
590:
520:
501:periods of persecution
456:that separate it from
390:
150:Göreme Open Air Museum
5578:Southeastern Anatolia
4900:Praetorian prefecture
4775:Noricum mediterraneum
4751:Praetorian prefecture
4701:Mauretania Sitifensis
4596:Picenum Suburbicarium
4557:Praetorian prefecture
4345:Praetorian prefecture
4292: 293. Permanent
3437:Hogarth, David George
3240:Nature Reviews Cancer
2301:rock-cut architecture
1968:
1855:
1845:, some having superb
1724:
1713:
1603:
1538:
1507:
1409:
1390:
1378:
1294:
1282:
1157:Kingdom of Cappadocia
1151:Kingdom of Cappadocia
1060:Achaemenid Cappadocia
955:
948:Geography and climate
932:(originally known as
811:
795:
514:
468:, and to the west by
440:, in the time of the
193:38.65833°N 34.85361°E
5478:Göreme National Park
5331:Diocese of Illyricum
5325:Prefecture of Africa
5080:Galatia II Salutaris
4848:Diocese of Macedonia
4738:Eastern Roman Empire
4500:Mauretania Tingitana
4332:Western Roman Empire
3161:Demir, Ömer (1997).
2797:Janse, Mark (2009).
2645:Demir, Ömer (1997).
2613:Demir, Ömer (1997).
2580:Demir, Ömer (1997).
2272:Decorated tree with
2036:Cannes Film Festival
1464:Christian philosophy
1405:Gregory of Nazianzus
1049:Cappadocia (satrapy)
265:Göreme National Park
236:Göreme National Park
19:For other uses, see
5586:Diyarbakır Fortress
5337:Quaestura exercitus
5110:Diocese of the East
5100:Pontus Polemoniacus
4762:Diocese of Pannonia
4591:Lucania et Bruttium
4538:Maxima Caesariensis
4533:Flavia Caesariensis
4112:History of Anatolia
3024:, pp. 287–288.
2859:, pp. 286–287.
2484:Cappadocian Fathers
2203:World Heritage Site
1725:An early Christian
1610:Battle of Manzikert
1460:Cappadocian Fathers
1232:Antiochus the Great
1163:Alexander the Great
682:Achaemenid emperors
239:
189: /
131:Clockwise from top:
5741:Underground cities
5188:Syria II Salutaris
5045:Armenian Satrapies
4818:Dacia Mediterranea
4740:(395–c. 640)
4668:Venetia et Histria
4576:Apulia et Calabria
4277:Notitia Dignitatum
3517:. pp. 780–86.
3341:Corliss, Richard.
2752:name for Cilicia,
2377:Gümüşler Monastery
2362:Cappadocian Greeks
2276:in the background.
1975:
1904:Hot-air ballooning
1858:
1856:Uchisar Kaya Hotel
1835:Churches of Göreme
1775:and other cities.
1731:
1719:
1715:Hot-air ballooning
1692:Greek is known as
1623:began settling in
1606:
1596:Turkish Cappadocia
1582:underground cities
1514:
1472:John of Cappadocia
1393:
1385:
1317:Tigranes the Great
1301:
1289:
1236:Perseus of Macedon
1224:Ariarathes IV
962:
956:Fairy chimneys in
844:shortly after the
822:
818:Churches of Göreme
814:Christ Pantocrator
812:Another fresco of
806:
802:Churches of Göreme
798:Christ Pantocrator
521:
464:, to the north by
234:
198:38.65833; 34.85361
44:Ancient region of
30:Place in Katpatuka
5658:
5657:
5637:Turkey portal
5353:
5352:
5315:Septem Provinciae
5305:
5304:
5277:Other territories
5267:
5266:
5263:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5050:Armenia III (536)
5022:Diocese of Pontus
5012:Phrygia Salutaris
5007:Phrygia Pacatiana
4911:Diocese of Thrace
4894:
4893:
4727:
4726:
4723:
4722:
4719:
4718:
4678:Diocese of Africa
4551:
4550:
4419:Diocese of Vienne
4409:Maxima Sequanorum
4321:
4320:
4220:
4219:
4078:
4077:
3934:
3933:
3926:Turkey portal
3147:978-0-52-001597-5
2535:Tourism in Turkey
2028:Nuri Bilge Ceylan
2009:'s second album,
1966:
1700:required to leave
1695:Cappadocian Greek
1684:), and where the
1633:Anatolian Seljuks
1629:Cappadocian Greek
1612:in 1071, various
1575:terra Hermeniorum
1397:Diocese of Pontus
1244:Ariarathes V
1112:power centred at
986:Mediterranean Sea
892:Greek geographers
759:"White Syrians" (
674:
654:
624:
607:
318:
317:
232:
231:
5763:
5711:
5703:
5702:
5701:
5694:
5686:
5685:
5684:
5674:
5646:
5645:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5609:Multiple regions
5505:Arslantepe Mound
5455:Central Anatolia
5380:
5373:
5366:
5357:
5356:
5329: Later the
5313: Later the
5273:
5272:
5251:Thebais Inferior
5246:Thebais Superior
5203:Diocese of Egypt
5193:Theodorias (528)
5055:Armenia IV (536)
4907:
4906:
4810:Diocese of Dacia
4800:Valeria ripensis
4758:
4757:
4747:
4746:
4733:
4732:
4616:Tuscia et Umbria
4564:
4563:
4467:Diocese of Spain
4352:
4351:
4341:
4340:
4327:
4326:
4291:
4274:As found in the
4263:
4262:
4247:
4240:
4233:
4224:
4223:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4082:
4081:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3938:
3937:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3549:
3542:
3535:
3526:
3525:
3518:
3507:
3484:
3454:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3398:. Archived from
3392:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3382:
3363:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3338:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3293:. Archived from
3287:
3281:
3280:
3234:
3228:
3227:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3178:
3170:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3108:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3078:
3072:
3069:
3060:
3054:
3037:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3013:
3007:
3001:
2995:
2989:
2972:
2963:
2962:
2942:
2936:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2910:
2902:
2896:
2887:
2881:
2875:
2860:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2816:
2807:
2806:
2803:ΑΩ International
2794:
2788:
2782:
2776:
2767:"side" (cf. Heb
2720:
2714:
2713:
2701:
2695:
2684:
2678:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2662:
2654:
2642:
2633:
2632:
2626:
2618:
2610:
2604:
2603:
2597:
2589:
2577:
2571:
2558:
2552:
2461:Ortahisar castle
2458:
2443:
2428:
2410:
2399:Aksaray Province
2391:
2373:
2358:
2349:underground city
2343:
2334:underground city
2328:
2312:
2297:
2285:
2269:
2257:
2241:
2226:
2214:
2191:
2179:
2152:
2138:
2124:
2112:General view of
2109:
2094:
2078:
2030:, which won the
1967:
1816:
1480:Muslim conquests
1439:over control of
1422:Gregory of Nyssa
1283:Ancient city of
1214:
1212:
1090:
1070:
979:
919:
915:
912:
775:Flavius Josephus
773:, associated by
686:Darius the Great
679:
669:
667:
659:
653:romanized:
652:
650:
642:
637:
629:
623:romanized:
622:
620:
615:Classical Syriac
612:
602:
600:
584:
583:
580:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
559:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
454:Taurus Mountains
403:Central Anatolia
384:
383:
380:
379:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
359:
358:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
340:
337:
334:
331:
256:
246:
240:
233:
204:
203:
201:
200:
199:
194:
190:
187:
186:
185:
182:
162:
134:Ortahisar Castle
123:
114:
103:
94:
83:
74:
63:
33:
32:
5771:
5770:
5766:
5765:
5764:
5762:
5761:
5760:
5716:
5715:
5714:
5710:from Wikivoyage
5704:
5699:
5697:
5687:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5673:sister projects
5670:at Knowledge's
5664:
5659:
5654:
5631:
5629:
5620:
5604:
5572:
5550:
5509:
5486:
5449:
5426:
5389:
5384:
5354:
5349:
5301:
5278:
5255:
5231:Augustamnica II
5197:
5104:
5016:
4954:Diocese of Asia
4948:
4901:
4890:
4876:Macedonia Prima
4842:
4804:
4780:Noricum ripense
4752:
4741:
4715:
4672:
4625:
4558:
4547:
4509:
4461:
4427:Alpes Maritimae
4413:
4399:Lugdunensis III
4356:Diocese of Gaul
4346:
4335:
4334:(395–476)
4317:
4284:established by
4268:
4257:
4251:
4221:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4114:
4109:
4079:
4074:
3971:
3965:
3935:
3930:
3920:
3918:
3910:
3839:
3725:
3558:
3553:
3504:
3481:
3461:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3414:
3405:
3403:
3394:
3393:
3389:
3380:
3378:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3351:
3349:
3339:
3335:
3325:
3323:
3313:
3309:
3300:
3298:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3253:10.1038/nrc2068
3235:
3231:
3192:
3188:
3172:
3171:
3159:
3155:
3148:
3132:
3128:
3121:
3099:
3095:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3063:
3055:
3040:
3032:
3028:
3020:
3016:
3008:
3004:
2996:
2992:
2973:
2966:
2959:
2943:
2939:
2932:
2928:
2918:
2916:
2908:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2888:
2884:
2876:
2863:
2855:
2851:
2844:"Chullin 47b:5"
2842:
2841:
2837:
2828:
2826:
2818:
2817:
2810:
2795:
2791:
2783:
2779:
2721:
2717:
2702:
2698:
2685:
2681:
2676:
2672:
2656:
2655:
2643:
2636:
2620:
2619:
2611:
2607:
2591:
2590:
2578:
2574:
2559:
2555:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2469:
2462:
2459:
2450:
2444:
2435:
2429:
2420:
2411:
2402:
2392:
2383:
2374:
2365:
2359:
2350:
2344:
2335:
2329:
2320:
2317:rock-cut church
2313:
2304:
2298:
2289:
2286:
2277:
2270:
2261:
2258:
2249:
2242:
2233:
2227:
2218:
2215:
2206:
2192:
2183:
2180:
2171:
2153:
2144:
2139:
2130:
2125:
2116:
2110:
2101:
2097:Aerial view of
2095:
2086:
2079:
2070:
2044:
1977:
1976:
1956:
1952:
1928:
1880:, Gaziemir and
1814:
1708:
1598:
1567:Crusader States
1508:Frescos inside
1437:Sasanian Empire
1373:
1367:for centuries.
1340:, and finally,
1277:
1271:
1209:
1159:
1153:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1083:
1082:
1075:Achaemenid army
1071:
1062:
1061:
1055:
1045:
1033:
1018:
977:
950:
917:
913:
709:Luwian language
561:
528:
524:
509:
489:early Christian
361:
328:
324:
244:
210:Persian satrapy
197:
195:
191:
188:
183:
180:
178:
176:
175:
169:
153:
144:, Rose Valley,
128:
127:
126:
125:
124:
116:
115:
106:
105:
104:
96:
95:
86:
85:
84:
76:
75:
66:
65:
64:
49:
38:
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5769:
5759:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5713:
5712:
5695:
5666:
5663:
5662:External links
5660:
5656:
5655:
5653:
5652:
5640:
5625:
5622:
5621:
5619:
5618:
5612:
5610:
5606:
5605:
5603:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5590:Hevsel Gardens
5582:
5580:
5574:
5573:
5571:
5570:
5560:
5558:
5552:
5551:
5549:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5532:Historic Areas
5529:
5519:
5517:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5507:
5502:
5496:
5494:
5488:
5487:
5485:
5484:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5459:
5457:
5451:
5450:
5448:
5447:
5442:
5436:
5434:
5428:
5427:
5425:
5424:
5419:
5410:
5405:
5399:
5397:
5391:
5390:
5383:
5382:
5375:
5368:
5360:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5347:
5340:
5333:
5327:
5317:
5310:
5307:
5306:
5303:
5302:
5300:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5283:
5280:
5279:
5269:
5268:
5265:
5264:
5261:
5260:
5257:
5256:
5254:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5241:Libya Inferior
5238:
5236:Libya Superior
5233:
5228:
5226:Augustamnica I
5223:
5218:
5213:
5207:
5205:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5114:
5112:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5026:
5024:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4982:Lycaonia (370)
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4958:
4956:
4950:
4949:
4947:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4915:
4913:
4904:
4896:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4852:
4850:
4844:
4843:
4841:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4823:Dacia Ripensis
4820:
4814:
4812:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4766:
4764:
4755:
4743:
4742:
4729:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4717:
4716:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4682:
4680:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4646:
4641:
4635:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4572:
4570:
4561:
4553:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4519:
4517:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4485:Carthaginensis
4482:
4477:
4471:
4469:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4454:
4452:Novempopulania
4449:
4447:Narbonensis II
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4423:
4421:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4406:
4404:Lugdunensis IV
4401:
4396:
4394:Lugdunensis II
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4360:
4358:
4349:
4337:
4336:
4323:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4273:
4270:
4269:
4259:
4258:
4250:
4249:
4242:
4235:
4227:
4218:
4217:
4120:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4108:
4107:
4100:
4093:
4085:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3964:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3941:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3610:Hurrian States
3607:
3605:Hittite Empire
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3566:
3564:
3560:
3559:
3552:
3551:
3544:
3537:
3529:
3523:
3522:
3519:
3508:
3503:978-1139054942
3502:
3485:
3480:978-0192562463
3479:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3445:Chisholm, Hugh
3413:
3412:
3387:
3358:
3333:
3307:
3282:
3229:
3186:
3153:
3146:
3126:
3119:
3093:
3073:
3061:
3059:, p. 290.
3038:
3036:, p. 288.
3026:
3014:
3002:
3000:, p. 107.
2990:
2986:978-0415239028
2964:
2957:
2937:
2926:
2897:
2882:
2880:, p. 287.
2861:
2849:
2835:
2808:
2789:
2787:, p. 286.
2777:
2715:
2696:
2679:
2670:
2634:
2605:
2572:
2568:, 2002, p.13.
2564:Philadelphia:
2553:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2453:
2451:
2445:
2438:
2436:
2430:
2423:
2421:
2412:
2405:
2403:
2393:
2386:
2384:
2375:
2368:
2366:
2360:
2353:
2351:
2345:
2338:
2336:
2330:
2323:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2305:
2299:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2280:
2278:
2274:Uçhisar Castle
2271:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2252:
2250:
2243:
2236:
2234:
2228:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2209:
2207:
2193:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2174:
2172:
2154:
2147:
2145:
2140:
2133:
2131:
2126:
2119:
2117:
2111:
2104:
2102:
2096:
2089:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2069:
2066:
2046:Since 2012, a
2043:
2040:
1973:and Cappadocia
1954:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1927:
1924:
1707:
1706:Modern tourism
1704:
1686:Greek language
1676:Greek alphabet
1653:Ottoman Empire
1608:Following the
1597:
1594:
1571:Fourth Crusade
1569:following the
1372:
1369:
1365:Eastern Empire
1273:Main article:
1270:
1267:
1194:Zoroastrianism
1155:Main article:
1152:
1149:
1092:
1085:
1084:
1077:circa 470 BC.
1072:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1044:
1041:
1032:
1029:
1017:
1014:
949:
946:
707:came from the
508:
505:
485:fairy chimneys
316:
315:
312:
308:
307:
300:
296:
295:
290:
286:
285:
282:
276:
275:
262:
258:
257:
249:
248:
230:
229:
224:
222:Roman province
218:
217:
212:
206:
205:
171:
170:
163:
155:
154:
138:Uçhisar Castle
129:
118:
117:
109:
108:
107:
98:
97:
89:
88:
87:
78:
77:
69:
68:
67:
58:
57:
56:
55:
54:
51:
50:
43:
40:
39:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5768:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5723:
5721:
5709:
5708:
5707:Travel guides
5696:
5692:
5691:
5679:
5678:
5675:
5669:
5651:
5650:
5641:
5639:
5638:
5627:
5626:
5623:
5617:
5614:
5613:
5611:
5607:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5587:
5584:
5583:
5581:
5579:
5575:
5569:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5559:
5557:
5556:Mediterranean
5553:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5516:
5512:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5497:
5495:
5493:
5492:East Anatolia
5489:
5483:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5460:
5458:
5456:
5452:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5437:
5435:
5433:
5429:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5400:
5398:
5396:
5392:
5388:
5381:
5376:
5374:
5369:
5367:
5362:
5361:
5358:
5345:
5341:
5338:
5334:
5332:
5328:
5326:
5322:
5318:
5316:
5312:
5311:
5308:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5281:
5274:
5270:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5204:
5200:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5163:Palaestina II
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5111:
5107:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5070:Cappadocia II
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5040:Armenia Maior
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5025:
5023:
5019:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4951:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4912:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4897:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4849:
4845:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4815:
4813:
4811:
4807:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4748:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4730:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4675:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4639:Alpes Cottiae
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4628:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4569:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4554:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4516:
4512:
4506:
4505:Tarraconensis
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4468:
4464:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4442:Narbonensis I
4440:
4438:
4437:Aquitanica II
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4420:
4416:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4389:Lugdunensis I
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4342:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4324:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4303:
4299:
4298:Constantine I
4295:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4260:
4255:
4248:
4243:
4241:
4236:
4234:
4229:
4228:
4225:
4117:
4113:
4106:
4101:
4099:
4094:
4092:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3962:
3957:
3955:
3950:
3948:
3943:
3942:
3939:
3927:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3861:Armenia Minor
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3844:Classical Age
3842:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3580:Assuwa League
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3550:
3545:
3543:
3538:
3536:
3531:
3530:
3527:
3520:
3516:
3515:
3509:
3505:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3486:
3482:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3463:
3462:
3452:
3451:
3446:
3442:
3438:
3434:
3429:
3428:public domain
3417:
3416:
3402:on 2016-12-20
3401:
3397:
3391:
3377:on 2013-08-05
3376:
3372:
3368:
3362:
3348:
3344:
3337:
3322:
3318:
3311:
3297:on 2014-08-26
3296:
3292:
3286:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3247:(2): 147–54.
3246:
3242:
3241:
3233:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3190:
3182:
3176:
3169:
3164:
3157:
3149:
3143:
3139:
3138:
3130:
3122:
3120:9780812240504
3116:
3112:
3107:
3106:
3097:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3077:
3068:
3066:
3058:
3057:Mitchell 2018
3053:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3035:
3030:
3023:
3018:
3012:
3006:
2999:
2994:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2978:
2971:
2969:
2960:
2958:9783642015779
2954:
2950:
2949:
2941:
2935:
2930:
2914:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2886:
2879:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2858:
2853:
2845:
2839:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2804:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2781:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2725:
2719:
2711:
2707:
2700:
2693:
2689:
2683:
2674:
2666:
2660:
2653:
2648:
2641:
2639:
2630:
2624:
2616:
2609:
2601:
2595:
2588:
2583:
2576:
2570:
2567:
2563:
2560:Van Dam, R.
2557:
2551:
2547:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2457:
2452:
2449:
2442:
2437:
2434:
2427:
2422:
2419:
2415:
2409:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2390:
2385:
2382:
2379:Courtyard in
2378:
2372:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2352:
2348:
2342:
2337:
2333:
2327:
2322:
2319:in Cappadocia
2318:
2311:
2306:
2302:
2296:
2291:
2284:
2279:
2275:
2268:
2263:
2256:
2251:
2247:
2244:View towards
2240:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2220:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2190:
2185:
2178:
2173:
2170:
2167:, located in
2166:
2162:
2158:
2151:
2146:
2143:
2137:
2132:
2129:
2123:
2118:
2115:
2108:
2103:
2100:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2077:
2072:
2071:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2054:ultramarathon
2052:
2051:track running
2049:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1984:
1983:
1972:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1854:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1815:three million
1812:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1798:, Guzelyurt,
1797:
1793:
1792:Ihlara Valley
1789:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1729:in Cappadocia
1728:
1723:
1716:
1712:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1691:
1690:Eastern Roman
1687:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1651:and then the
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1615:
1611:
1602:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1511:
1510:Tokali Kilise
1506:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1415:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1389:
1382:
1381:Ihlara Valley
1377:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1361:Armenia Minor
1358:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1315:troops under
1314:
1310:
1306:
1298:
1293:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1183:Ariarathes II
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1158:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1089:
1080:
1076:
1069:
1054:
1050:
1040:
1038:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
994:
991:
987:
983:
975:
971:
970:Mount Erciyes
967:
960:, Cappadocia.
959:
954:
945:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
908:
903:
901:
897:
893:
889:
884:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
861:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
836:account from
835:
831:
827:
819:
815:
810:
803:
799:
794:
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
763:
758:
754:
750:
746:
744:
740:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
695:
691:
687:
683:
678:
672:
663:
658:
646:
641:
633:
628:
616:
611:
605:
596:
595:Ancient Greek
592:
588:
582:
519:, Cappadocia.
518:
513:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
477:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
442:Ionian Revolt
439:
436:According to
434:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
382:
322:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
294:
291:
287:
283:
281:
277:
274:
270:
266:
263:
259:
255:
250:
247:
241:
237:
228:
225:
223:
219:
216:
213:
211:
207:
202:
174:Coordinates:
172:
167:
161:
156:
151:
147:
146:Ihlara Valley
143:
142:Mount Erciyes
139:
135:
132:
122:
113:
102:
93:
82:
73:
62:
52:
47:
41:
34:
26:
22:
5705:
5693:from Commons
5688:
5667:
5647:
5628:
5600:Mount Nemrut
5595:Göbekli Tepe
5481:
5297:Spania (552)
5158:Palaestina I
5138:Euphratensis
5085:Helenopontus
5065:Cappadocia I
4972:Hellespontus
4871:Epirus Vetus
4838:Praevalitana
4753:of Illyricum
4543:Valentia (?)
4528:Britannia II
4432:Aquitanica I
4310:theme system
4275:
3989:
3792:Neo-Hittites
3513:
3489:
3466:
3448:
3404:. Retrieved
3400:the original
3390:
3379:. Retrieved
3375:the original
3370:
3361:
3350:. Retrieved
3346:
3336:
3324:. Retrieved
3320:
3310:
3299:. Retrieved
3295:the original
3285:
3244:
3238:
3232:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3166:
3162:
3156:
3136:
3129:
3104:
3096:
3086:
3076:
3029:
3017:
3005:
2998:Raditsa 1983
2993:
2976:
2974:Mary Boyce.
2951:. Springer.
2947:
2940:
2929:
2917:. Retrieved
2912:
2900:
2890:
2889:Van Dam, R.
2885:
2852:
2838:
2827:. Retrieved
2824:biblehub.com
2823:
2820:"Acts 2 NIV"
2802:
2792:
2780:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2757:
2753:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2718:
2709:
2699:
2691:
2687:
2682:
2673:
2650:
2646:
2614:
2608:
2585:
2581:
2575:
2561:
2556:
2550:
2414:Kizil Kilise
2395:Çanlı Kilise
2045:
2034:at the 2014
2023:Winter Sleep
2021:
2019:
2005:
1998:
1992:
1988:Land of Doom
1986:
1980:
1978:
1932:mesothelioma
1929:
1926:Mesothelioma
1902:
1868:Castle, and
1859:
1808:
1777:
1759:, which has
1754:
1735:
1732:
1693:
1679:
1668:grand vizier
1661:
1607:
1579:
1574:
1544:
1539:
1532:settlers in
1526:Abu Al Faraj
1515:
1457:
1448:
1430:
1419:
1410:
1394:
1354:
1309:Ariobarzanes
1302:
1287:, Cappadocia
1221:
1202:fire temples
1191:
1160:
1104:in the late
1099:
1081:tomb relief.
1034:
1019:
995:
963:
918: AD 24
914: 64 BC
904:
885:
875:, including
862:
846:resurrection
823:
760:
747:
742:
739:Hu-apa-dahyu
738:
736:
734:Cappadocia.
727:
723:
715:
713:
704:
700:
696:
636:𐎣𐎫𐎱𐎬𐎢𐎣
522:
478:
472:and eastern
446:Mount Taurus
435:
320:
319:
168:(Asia Minor)
130:
5527:Cumalıkızık
5403:Aphrodisias
5344:Justinian I
5216:Aegyptus II
5148:Mesopotamia
5095:Paphlagonia
4924:Haemimontus
4902:of the East
4866:Epirus Nova
4790:Pannonia II
4523:Britannia I
4384:Germania II
4050:Paphlagonia
3896:Paphlagonia
3600:Hayasa-Azzi
2919:13 November
2433:Mustafapaşa
2230:Mt. Erciyes
1985:and 1985's
1806:and Zelve.
1788:Love Valley
1767:service to
1681:Karamanlıca
1559:Mesopotamia
1441:Mesopotamia
1336:, then for
1332:, then for
1325:client-king
1323:as the new
1255:Aristonicus
1021:Ignimbrites
728:katta peda-
694:Old Persian
666:Կապադովկիա,
632:Old Persian
314:9,883.81 ha
299:Inscription
196: /
5731:Cappadocia
5720:Categories
5668:Cappadocia
5482:Cappadocia
5463:Çatalhöyük
5445:Safranbolu
5413:Hierapolis
5321:reconquest
5211:Aegyptus I
5173:Phoenice I
5128:Cilicia II
5035:Armenia II
4785:Pannonia I
4457:Viennensis
4379:Germania I
4374:Belgica II
4314:Asia Minor
4286:Diocletian
3990:Cappadocia
3871:Cappadocia
3851:Antigonids
3800:Carchemish
3747:Cimmerians
3687:Purushanda
3682:Sagalassos
3618:Kizzuwatna
3585:Carchemish
3563:Bronze Age
3441:Cappadocia
3406:2016-12-14
3381:2013-11-28
3352:2017-08-15
3301:2012-06-18
2829:2022-11-02
2754:Kizzuwatna
2542:References
2506:Khndzoresk
2502:, Pakistan
2032:Palme d'Or
1994:Slipstream
1811:ignimbrite
1561:, and the
1524:historian
1499:Cappadocia
1495:Charsianon
1355:In 70 AD,
1217:Asia Minor
1167:Ariarathes
1145:Great King
1106:Bronze Age
1047:See also:
916: – c.
796:Fresco of
743:Kat-patuka
705:Kat-patuka
677:Kapadovkia
627:Kəp̄uḏoqyā
610:Kappadokía
599:Καππαδοκία
321:Cappadocia
302:1985 (9th
227:Cappadocia
184:34°51′13″E
181:38°39′30″N
136:, View of
37:Cappadocia
5432:Black Sea
5417:Pamukkale
5123:Cilicia I
5075:Galatia I
5030:Armenia I
4997:Pamphylia
4929:Moesia II
4886:Thessalia
4663:Raetia II
4495:Lusitania
4490:Gallaecia
4480:Balearica
4369:Belgica I
4045:Pamphylia
3881:Commagene
3439:(1911). "
3261:1474-175X
3224:110334356
3216:1420-326X
3175:cite book
2746:Katpatuka
2659:cite book
2623:cite book
2594:cite book
2431:Doors of
2418:Güzelyurt
2332:Derinkuyu
2246:Güzelyurt
2165:Aphrodite
2015:cover art
1912:Güzelyurt
1894:Güzelyurt
1874:Derinkuyu
1866:Ortahisar
1727:hermitage
1534:Sebasteia
1476:Byzantine
1357:Vespasian
1346:Archelaus
1248:proconsul
1240:Seleucids
1179:Perdiccas
1171:Black Sea
1010:Euphrates
888:satrapies
842:Pentecost
838:Galileans
781:, son of
762:Leucosyri
749:Herodotus
701:Katpatuka
671:romanized
640:Katpatuka
604:romanized
591:Kapadokya
507:Etymology
462:Euphrates
450:Black Sea
438:Herodotus
391:Kapadokya
289:Reference
215:Katpatuka
5736:Nevşehir
5649:Category
5536:Istanbul
5422:Pergamon
5090:Honorias
5060:Bithynia
4833:Moesia I
4828:Dardania
4770:Dalmatia
4691:Byzacena
4658:Raetia I
4606:Sardinia
4581:Campania
4559:of Italy
4282:dioceses
4025:Lycaonia
3985:Bithynia
3969:Anatolia
3901:Pergamon
3866:Bithynia
3730:Iron Age
3570:Ahhiyawa
3269:17251920
3084:(1890).
2762:Assyrian
2530:Mokissos
2500:Gondrani
2494:Kandovan
2467:See also
2347:Kaymakli
2062:Lake Tuz
2048:multiday
2007:Autechre
1944:asbestos
1936:erionite
1908:Trekking
1878:Kaymakli
1864:Castle,
1847:frescoes
1823:Pliocene
1773:Istanbul
1738:Nevşehir
1664:Nevşehir
1625:Anatolia
1530:Armenian
1488:Armeniac
1484:Anatolic
1350:Tiberius
1342:Octavian
1313:Armenian
1259:Pergamon
1253:against
1206:Augustus
1079:Xerxes I
966:Anatolia
930:Caesarea
926:Caesarea
900:Xenophon
854:Acts 2:5
852:Christ.
830:Acts 2:9
826:biblical
767:Hittites
753:Persians
690:Xerxes I
662:Armenian
657:Katapeda
649:𒅗𒋫𒁉𒁕
517:Gülşehir
470:Lycaonia
423:Kırşehir
411:Nevşehir
280:Criteria
261:Includes
166:Anatolia
48:, Turkey
5564:Xanthos
5515:Marmara
5473:Gordion
5440:Hattusa
5408:Ephesus
5287:Taurica
5221:Arcadia
5183:Syria I
5153:Osroene
5143:Isauria
5002:Pisidia
4977:Islands
4944:Thracia
4939:Scythia
4934:Rhodope
4653:Aemilia
4649:Liguria
4621:Valeria
4611:Sicilia
4601:Samnium
4586:Corsica
4475:Baetica
4347:of Gaul
4302:Ravenna
4267:History
4060:Pisidia
4055:Phrygia
4020:Isauria
4010:Galatia
4000:Cilicia
3891:Osroene
3886:Galatia
3876:Cilicia
3856:Armenia
3830:Phrygia
3812:Kammanu
3808:Ḫilakku
3757:Diauehi
3752:Colchis
3721:Zalpuwa
3697:Shupria
3678:Pisidia
3653:Miletus
3638:Kussara
3628:Kalašma
3622:Mitanni
3590:Hapalla
3459:Sources
3447:(ed.).
3430::
3277:9440201
2750:Hittite
2510:Armenia
2474:Amaseia
2099:Uçhisar
2068:Gallery
1940:zeolite
1898:Uçhisar
1882:Ozkonak
1862:Uçhisar
1843:chapels
1827:minaret
1819:Miocene
1800:Uçhisar
1765:railway
1761:airline
1757:Kayseri
1746:Aksaray
1742:Kayseri
1649:Karaman
1643:-based
1641:Karaman
1621:Seljuks
1614:Turkish
1551:Cilicia
1518:Armenia
1453:Persian
1445:Iranian
1359:joined
1321:Gordios
1187:dynasty
1175:Eumenes
1137:satrapy
1134:Persian
1126:Croesus
1114:Hattusa
1110:Hittite
1043:History
1025:Miocene
1016:Geology
1002:Pyramus
990:Galatia
982:Cilicia
974:Kayseri
958:Uçhisar
922:Cilicia
877:Yevamot
869:Ketubot
865:Mishnah
783:Japheth
779:Meshech
771:Moschoi
732:toponym
720:Hittite
673::
645:Hittite
630:, from
619:ܩܦܘܕܩܝܐ
606::
587:Turkish
481:tourism
474:Galatia
458:Cilicia
419:Aksaray
415:Kayseri
387:Turkish
304:Session
5568:Letoon
5395:Aegean
5339:in 536
5133:Cyprus
5118:Arabia
4919:Europa
4856:Achaea
4306:Africa
4065:Pontus
3980:Aeolis
3906:Pontus
3835:Urartu
3816:Kummuh
3804:Gurgum
3787:Mushki
3767:Etiuni
3737:Aeolia
3712:Wilusa
3633:Kaskia
3575:Arzawa
3500:
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3443:". In
3424:
3326:15 May
3321:12edit
3275:
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2915:. IUGS
2515:Syunik
2496:, Iran
2448:Avanos
2200:UNESCO
2196:Göreme
2161:Athena
2128:Avanos
2083:Göreme
2042:Sports
1971:Göreme
1920:Göreme
1890:Göreme
1804:Avanos
1796:Selime
1784:Göreme
1769:Ankara
1657:Turkey
1645:Beylik
1547:Seljuk
1491:themes
1414:Joseph
1401:famine
1338:Antony
1334:Caesar
1330:Pompey
1263:Pontus
1222:Under
1198:Strabo
1141:Darius
1130:feudal
1122:Lydian
1118:Mushki
978:3916 m
942:Taurus
936:) and
934:Mazaca
907:Strabo
896:Pontus
881:Hullin
879:121a,
873:Talmud
834:Gospel
757:Greeks
697:dahyu-
497:Ihlara
493:Göreme
466:Pontus
407:Turkey
399:region
5690:Media
5523:Bursa
4992:Lydia
4987:Lycia
4967:Caria
4861:Creta
4795:Savia
4070:Troad
4040:Mysia
4035:Lydia
4030:Lycia
4015:Ionia
4005:Doris
3995:Caria
3824:Tabal
3796:Atuna
3782:Lydia
3777:Lycia
3772:Ionia
3762:Doris
3742:Caria
3707:Urumu
3702:Urshu
3668:Nairi
3663:Mysia
3648:Luwia
3643:Lukka
3614:Isuwa
3595:Hatti
3273:S2CID
3220:S2CID
2988:p. 85
2909:(PDF)
2769:katef
2765:katpa
2742:Tucha
2738:Ducha
2688:zanta
2381:Niğde
2169:Ürgüp
2114:Ürgüp
2011:Amber
1950:Media
1916:Ürgüp
1886:Ürgüp
1870:Ürgüp
1780:Ürgüp
1750:Niğde
1637:Konya
1617:clans
1584:(see
1555:Syria
1433:Tyana
1426:Basil
1424:that
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1124:king
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998:Sarus
938:Tyana
883:47b.
867:, in
850:Jesus
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3328:2019
3265:PMID
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3181:link
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1938:, a
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