458:
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629:
1293:
316:
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562:
As the provinces were the result of consecutive conquests (the homeland had a special status, exempt from provincial tribute), both primary and sub-satrapies were often defined by former states and/or ethno-religious identity. One of the keys to the
Achaemenid success was their open attitude to the
582:
Whenever central authority in the empire weakened, the satrap often enjoyed practical independence, especially as it became customary to appoint him also as general-in-chief of the army district, contrary to the original rule. "When his office became hereditary, the threat to the central authority
483:
The satrap was in charge of the land that he owned as an administrator, and found himself surrounded by an all-but-royal court; he collected the taxes, controlled the local officials and the subject tribes and cities, and was the supreme judge of the province before whose "chair"
688:
was considerably more centralized than that of the
Parthian Empire; the semi-independent kingdoms and self-governing city states of the Parthian Empire were replaced with a system of "royal cities" which served as the seats of centrally appointed governors called
498:
He was assisted by a council of
Persians, to which also provincials were admitted and which was controlled by a royal secretary and emissaries of the king, especially the "eye of the king", who made an annual inspection and exercised permanent control.
684:, the king's power rested on the support of noble families, who ruled large estates and supplied soldiers and tribute to the king. City-states within the empire enjoyed a degree of self-government, and paid tribute to the king. Administration of the
1018:"[Towards the Discussion on the Language of the Scythians: The Transition of OIr *xš- > *s- and its Reflection in the Ancient Greek] К дискуссии о языке скифов: переход др.ир. *xš- > *s- и его отражение в древнегреческом"
563:
culture and religion of the conquered people, so the
Persian culture was the one most affected as the Great King endeavoured to meld elements from all his subjects into a new imperial style, especially at his capital,
22:
4774:
668:(in other words, military generals); but their provinces were much smaller than under the Persians. They would ultimately be replaced by conquering empires, especially the
173:
3465:
1689:
529:
The great satrapies (provinces) were often divided into smaller districts, the governors of which were also called satraps and (by Greco-Roman authors) also called
928:
3445:
1334:
522:) and the general in charge of the regular army of his province and of the fortresses were independent of him and periodically reported directly to the
5087:
438:
and governors. The main difference was that in
Persian culture the concept of kingship was indivisible from divinity: divine authority validated the
2053:
1682:
1356:
1219:
446:
ruling in the king's name, although in political reality many took advantage of any opportunity to carve themselves an independent power base.
4554:
2103:
537:
in Greek, 'vice-regents'). The distribution of the great satrapies was changed repeatedly, and often two of them were given to the same man.
199:
5753:
5195:
3498:
3460:
1651:
802:
1313:
5641:
4682:
1712:
111:
to the king, though with considerable autonomy. The word came to suggest tyranny or ostentatious splendour, and its modern usage is a
5763:
2834:
1675:
1640:
1308:
3835:
148:
518:
There were further checks on the power of each satrap: besides his secretarial scribe, his chief financial official (Old
Persian
2740:
1191:
1111:
970:
938:
2954:
1992:
1329:
994:
2683:
1364:
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1349:
4547:
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1242:
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1209:
355:
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gave the satrapies a definitive organization, increased their number to thirty-six, and fixed their annual tribute (
3703:
2909:
2849:
2809:
2715:
2693:
2477:
2132:
2127:
1798:
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2974:
2735:
1899:
1491:
4329:
3416:
2969:
2218:
2149:
457:
337:
5768:
3268:
2343:
1495:
1342:
215:
540:
5607:
4540:
4518:
4040:
3086:
2893:
2705:
2243:
2120:
1959:
502:
5773:
5729:
5269:
4912:
4784:
4522:
4407:
4092:
3932:
2829:
2574:
1065:
491:
3:7) every civil and criminal case could be brought. He was responsible for the safety of the roads (cf.
5758:
5725:
3862:
3484:
2944:
2455:
2043:
1261:
Bibliothèque de la Faculté de
Philosophie et Lettres de l’Université de Liège, vol. 254. Genève: Droz,
373:
21:
5299:
5255:
5185:
4949:
4824:
4624:
4295:
4025:
4003:
3144:
3116:
2934:
2698:
2450:
2063:
912:
623:
1667:
407:
Although the first large-scale use of satrapies, or provinces, originates from the inception of the
115:
and refers to any subordinate or local ruler, usually with unfavourable connotations of corruption.
4844:
3693:
3149:
2914:
2255:
1932:
1630:
1387:
583:
could not be ignored" (Olmstead). Rebellions of satraps became frequent from the middle of the 5th
5688:
5541:
5510:
5225:
4858:
3810:
3800:
3618:
2757:
2617:
2595:
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1952:
1699:
1070:
470:
333:
326:
3196:
5678:
4744:
4481:
4105:
3897:
3790:
3517:
3273:
3109:
3104:
2634:
2472:
2372:
2108:
2028:
1184:
The
Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359–323 B.C
1179:
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2289:
2273:
2233:
2223:
2058:
1922:
1904:
1750:
1597:
1101:
600:
439:
153:
650:
The satrapic administration and title were retained—even for Greco-Macedonian incumbents—by
5408:
5371:
5337:
5097:
5027:
4898:
4368:
4100:
4030:
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1022:Проблемы Истории, Филологии, Культуры. 2013. 2. В честь 60-летия В.Д. Кузнецова. С. 263–285
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8:
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2462:
2420:
2308:
2238:
2213:
2000:
1947:
1760:
1755:
1466:
766:
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also adopted the title "satrap" for the semi-autonomous princes that governed one of its
651:
298:
287:
5591:
5438:
5121:
4983:
4600:
4563:
4238:
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2814:
2600:
2484:
2367:
2250:
2183:
2075:
2033:
1873:
1527:
1441:
1436:
1431:
841:
97:
5565:
5327:
4993:
4848:
4820:
4672:
3758:
3718:
3529:
3508:
3218:
3206:
2854:
2844:
2467:
2445:
2350:
2314:
2208:
2095:
2085:
2070:
1927:
1860:
1471:
1461:
1446:
1416:
1369:
1262:
1238:
1223:
1205:
1187:
1107:
966:
934:
466:
408:
381:
224:
89:
30:
5748:
5347:
5107:
4013:
3588:
3263:
3061:
2624:
2530:
2283:
2167:
2038:
2018:
1982:
1855:
1826:
1765:
859:
718:
698:
570:
255:
236:
51:
3476:
5520:
5418:
5412:
5361:
5235:
5147:
5141:
5017:
4878:
4768:
4628:
4610:
4465:
4234:
3820:
3660:
3628:
3573:
3450:
3435:
Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in
3311:
2939:
2642:
2545:
2489:
2426:
2397:
2382:
2162:
2157:
2115:
2080:
1880:
1845:
1820:
1552:
1547:
1537:
1146:
Early
Hellenistic Coinage: From the Accession of Alexander to the Peace of Apamea
1035:
807:
732:
722:
685:
681:
669:
659:
644:
511:
412:
204:
178:
93:
1237:
Oikumene. Studien zur antiken
Weltgeschichte, vol. 1. Frankfurt: Verlag Antike,
986:
5672:
5466:
5161:
4720:
4638:
4300:
4203:
4149:
3805:
3623:
2782:
2750:
2612:
2550:
2540:
2535:
2355:
2321:
2189:
2139:
2090:
1783:
1567:
1557:
1515:
1383:
1204:
Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients, Beihefte, vol. B 87. Wiesbaden: Reichert,
607:
549:
277:
232:
228:
26:
3243:
1259:
Satrapes et Satrapies dans l’empire achéménide de Cyrus le Grand à Xerxès Ier.
1052:
5742:
5504:
5494:
5219:
5209:
5117:
4872:
4852:
4838:
4798:
4758:
4471:
4392:
4355:
4195:
4172:
4115:
3857:
3795:
3743:
2964:
2804:
2566:
2415:
2278:
2048:
2023:
1866:
1426:
1304:
1299:
790:
778:
754:
702:
592:
545:
138:
697:
ruled both the city and the surrounding rural districts. Exceptionally, the
166:
5579:
4816:
4754:
4586:
4451:
4208:
4190:
4157:
4071:
3917:
3815:
3748:
3723:
3713:
3598:
3364:
3356:
3351:
3316:
2824:
2819:
2730:
2200:
1850:
1812:
1745:
628:
462:
3258:
1235:
Der Satrap. Ein achaimenidischer Amtsträger und seine Handlungsspielräume.
5702:
5587:
5575:
5392:
5355:
5061:
5011:
4802:
4726:
4696:
4658:
4648:
4285:
4218:
4081:
3922:
3912:
3728:
3698:
3578:
2984:
2929:
2792:
2787:
2777:
2512:
2507:
2405:
2377:
1942:
1937:
1804:
640:
435:
3171:
845:
643:(Minted 290–280 BC), the first indigenous satrap to be appointed by the
126:
5631:
5351:
5279:
5007:
4929:
4652:
4261:
4256:
4177:
4167:
4134:
4051:
4035:
3998:
3873:
3785:
3770:
3708:
3633:
3568:
3545:
3538:
2871:
2410:
2265:
1964:
1615:
1572:
1379:
832:
Cahn, Herbert A.; Gerin, Dominique (1988). "Themistocles at Magnesia".
812:
786:
596:
564:
526:, in person. The satrap was allowed to have troops in his own service.
386:
340: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
112:
34:
4532:
1521:
165:, which was the native language of the Achaemenids, it is recorded as
5712:
5698:
5692:
5661:
5617:
5559:
5555:
5551:
5480:
5476:
5470:
5462:
5442:
5381:
5317:
5311:
5265:
5175:
5171:
5165:
5077:
5047:
4977:
4939:
4908:
4794:
4764:
4734:
4716:
4668:
4614:
4441:
4427:
4423:
4397:
4373:
4251:
4246:
4182:
4139:
4076:
3993:
3907:
3887:
3882:
3780:
3775:
3733:
3613:
3603:
3290:
3248:
3223:
3081:
3036:
2924:
2866:
2688:
2437:
1697:
1656:
1500:
1486:
1421:
664:
507:
141:
3326:
3321:
1254:
Pauly-Wissowa (comprehensive encyclopaedia on Antiquity; in German).
442:. The twenty-six satraps established by Cyrus were never kings, but
434:
by Cyrus the Great, emperors ruled the lands they conquered through
397:
315:
5625:
5514:
5490:
5484:
5456:
5448:
5229:
5205:
5199:
5179:
5157:
5151:
4969:
4862:
4834:
4806:
4712:
4702:
4634:
4491:
4445:
4363:
4339:
4280:
4056:
3959:
3927:
3892:
3852:
3738:
3678:
3593:
3076:
3046:
2876:
2799:
2710:
2522:
2300:
2010:
1562:
1532:
1407:
1017:
782:
781:, who ruled the northern part of the subcontinent from the area of
762:
736:
655:
588:
447:
188:
81:
38:
3648:
3386:
3280:
3131:
1298:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
654:, who conquered the Achaemenid Empire, and by his successors, the
5682:
5635:
5621:
5611:
5583:
5545:
5500:
5452:
5432:
5422:
5398:
5341:
5303:
5293:
5250:
5215:
5189:
5135:
5125:
5111:
5067:
5041:
5003:
4997:
4959:
4953:
4943:
4923:
4893:
4868:
4828:
4810:
4788:
4706:
4692:
4686:
4678:
4642:
4596:
4572:
4505:
4501:
4495:
4475:
4461:
4431:
4402:
4384:
4334:
4321:
4310:
4305:
4129:
4066:
4045:
3985:
3975:
3964:
3847:
3825:
3688:
3683:
3673:
3668:
3583:
3563:
3558:
3552:
3381:
3306:
3136:
3126:
3066:
2979:
2949:
2881:
2762:
1974:
1775:
1592:
1577:
1542:
1476:
591:
struggled with widespread rebellions in the satrapies, and under
443:
108:
632:
The satraps appointed by Alexander the Great during his campaign
5601:
5385:
5283:
5273:
5051:
4933:
4916:
4778:
4738:
4730:
4485:
4344:
4213:
4162:
3980:
3638:
3411:
3401:
3331:
3285:
3201:
3071:
3056:
3051:
3041:
2725:
2332:
1914:
1625:
1620:
1582:
1504:
574:
Banquet scene of a Satrap, on the "Sarcophagus of the Satrap",
3156:
1132:
Coinage and Administration in the Athenian and Persian Empires
5651:
5645:
5569:
5524:
5402:
5375:
5365:
5331:
5321:
5307:
5239:
5081:
5071:
5031:
5021:
4987:
4973:
4963:
4882:
4748:
4662:
4604:
4590:
4435:
4272:
4017:
3948:
3406:
3391:
3376:
3253:
3238:
3228:
3213:
3191:
3186:
3121:
2919:
2861:
2745:
1481:
1456:
1391:
1159:
Curtis, John; Tallis, Nigel; André-Salvini, Béatrice (2005).
789:, who ruled in central India to their south and east and the
774:
770:
758:
575:
431:
420:
401:
85:
1274:
The Book of Daniel: A Discussion of the Historical Questions
1202:
Die Satrapienverwaltung im Perserreich zur Zeit Darius’ III.
419:
BCE, provincial organization actually originated during the
246:
5101:
5091:
4455:
3233:
2499:
1837:
1607:
1510:
727:
69:
658:(and their dynasties) who carved it up, especially in the
4517:
In most territories, Achaemenid rulers were succeeded by
3031:
1158:
636:
60:
1163:. pp. 258–59, fig. 454, Silver tetradrachm of Bagadates.
1217:
Die Satrapienregister der Alexander- und Diadochenzeit.
240:
192:
156:
1222:
Einzelschriften, vol. 145. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner,
885:
749:
The Western Satraps or Kshatrapas (35–405 CE) of the
292:
281:
265:
57:
965:(4 ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 724.
495:
Xenophon), and had to put down brigands and rebels.
259:
208:
182:
72:
66:
63:
3506:
92:and in several of their successors, such as in the
54:
3014:
987:"Greece xii. Persian Loanwords and Names in Greek"
5740:
1036:"Kshatrapa, Kṣatrapa, Kshatra-pa: 8 definitions"
933:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 626.
785:and were possibly their overlords, and with the
693:as well as the location of military garrisons.
662:, where the satrap generally was designated as
1186:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. pp. 385–391.
1106:. University of California Press. p. 46.
757:rulers in the western and central part of the
177:, literally "protector of the province"). The
4548:
3492:
1683:
1350:
1161:Forgotten Empire: The World of Ancient Persia
1128:"The Administration of the Achaemenid Empire"
1103:Forgotten Empire: The World of Ancient Persia
1099:
271:
124:
1317:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1055:The Bible (Jewish Publication Society, 1917)
213:
3461:List of administrative divisions by country
1652:Taxation districts of the Achaemenid Empire
963:Fowler's Dictionary of Modern English Usage
961:Butterfield, Jeremy, ed. (2015). "satrap".
960:
803:Taxation districts of the Achaemenid Empire
606:The last great rebellions were put down by
132:
4555:
4541:
3499:
3485:
1690:
1676:
1357:
1343:
1148:. Cambridge University Press. p. 73f.
1081:
831:
675:
356:Learn how and when to remove this message
37:, end of 6th century BCE, probably under
1728:
1303:
1276:, 1917. Available on home.earthlink.net.
1143:
926:
726:
635:
627:
569:
539:
501:
456:
380:
372:
20:
4562:
2666:
104:is the territory governed by a satrap.
5741:
1177:
5724:Hellenistic satraps were preceded by
4536:
3480:
3013:
2665:
1727:
1710:
1671:
1338:
997:from the original on 25 February 2024
777:. They were contemporaneous with the
280:so the word now means "town keeper" (
276:), but the components have undergone
16:Ruler of a province in ancient Persia
1015:
338:adding citations to reliable sources
309:
1279:Rüdiger Schmitt, "Der Titel 'Satrap
272:
214:
13:
5754:Positions of subnational authority
3647:
1171:
599:and Syria were in open rebellion (
595:occasionally the greater parts of
430:Up to the time of the conquest of
377:satrapies of the Achaemenid Empire
14:
5785:
1711:
1330:Livius.org: Satraps and satrapies
1323:
927:Trollope, Anthony (12 May 2011).
5764:Types of administrative division
2478:Organized incorporated territory
1639:
1291:
1100:André-Salvini, Béatrice (2005).
465:, a former Athenian general, as
314:
50:
3466:Slavic administrative divisions
1180:"Appendix H: Kings and Satraps"
1152:
1137:
1120:
1093:
1075:
1058:
1046:
864:Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary
793:state to their immediate west.
368:
325:needs additional citations for
239:), it is recorded in the forms
3015:Non-English terms or loanwords
2219:Direct-controlled municipality
1249:History of the Persian Empire,
1028:
1009:
979:
954:
920:
903:
878:
852:
825:
1:
5705:
5665:
5654:
5594:
2344:Special administrative region
1134:(1987; Oxford: BAR), 109-166.
818:
740:
553:
474:
390:
2244:Mountain resort municipality
2121:Intermediate school district
2104:Educational service district
1960:Regional county municipality
1087:A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary
260:
247:
241:
183:
167:
157:
142:
118:
90:Persian (Achaemenid) Empires
7:
5728:, and followed or ruled by
2575:Autonomous territorial unit
796:
613:
548:receiving visitors, on the
293:
282:
266:
220:, as found in Esther 3:12.
209:
193:
152:), itself borrowed from an
31:Persian (Achaemenid) Empire
10:
5790:
3645:
2456:National capital territory
2177:Indian reserve/reservation
2044:Indian government district
1698:Designations for types of
1178:Ashley, James R. (2004) .
716:
617:
305:
172:
147:
5722:
5534:
5256:Partition of Triparadisus
5249:
4892:
4571:
4515:
4416:
4382:
4353:
4319:
4270:
4233:
4168:Queen Amoashtart (regent)
4148:
4114:
4090:
4012:
3946:
3871:
3834:
3757:
3658:
3525:
3515:
3446:Autonomous administration
3433:
3299:
3024:
3020:
3009:
2902:
2676:
2672:
2661:
2585:
2559:
2521:
2498:
2451:Federal capital territory
2436:
2396:
2331:
2299:
2264:
2199:
2176:
2148:
2064:Non-metropolitan district
2054:Local government district
2009:
1991:
1973:
1913:
1890:
1836:
1811:
1797:
1774:
1738:
1734:
1723:
1719:
1706:
1648:
1637:
1402:
1287:ed. Meid (1976), 373–390.
1233:Klinkott, Hilmar (2005).
1215:Klinkott, Hilmar (2000).
1130:. In I. Carradice (ed.),
913:Oxford English Dictionary
712:
624:Partition of Triparadisus
415:, beginning at around 530
297:
286:
198:
181:form is reconstructed as
125:
29:, probable portrait of a
2256:Specialized municipality
1933:Consolidated city-county
834:The Numismatic Chronicle
80:) was a governor of the
2618:Military exclusion zone
2596:Exclusive economic zone
2361:National capital region
1953:Non-metropolitan county
1700:administrative division
1314:Encyclopædia Britannica
1257:Petit, Thierry (1990).
1144:Mørkholm, Otto (1991).
5542:Peithon, son of Agenor
5511:Peithon, son of Agenor
5226:Peithon, son of Agenor
4859:Peithon, son of Agenor
4745:Cleomenes of Naucratis
4106:Alexander I of Macedon
3652:
2635:Self-administered zone
2473:Incorporated territory
2340:Administrative region
2109:Local service district
2029:Congressional district
1200:Jacobs, Bruno (1994).
746:
676:Parthian and Sassanian
647:
633:
579:
559:
515:
480:
404:
396:. Karaburun tomb near
378:
133:
41:
5294:Hellespontine Phrygia
4944:Hellespontine Phrygia
4619:Hellespontine Phrygia
3763:Hellespontine Phrygia
3651:
3634:Darius III Codomannus
2606:Special economic zone
2290:Praetorian prefecture
2274:Autonomous prefecture
2234:Regional municipality
2224:District municipality
2059:Metropolitan district
1923:Administrative county
1905:Residential community
1751:Local government area
1598:Hellespontine Phrygia
1126:Tuplin, Christopher,
1083:MacKenzie, David Neil
730:
639:
631:
618:Further information:
601:Revolt of the Satraps
573:
543:
505:
460:
440:divine right of kings
423:era from at least 648
389:in Achaemenid style,
384:
376:
235:(the language of the
131:is derived via Latin
107:A satrap served as a
24:
5769:Gubernatorial titles
5372:Laomedon of Mytilene
5028:Laomedon of Mytilene
4899:Partition of Babylon
4369:Hydarnes the Younger
4101:Amyntas I of Macedon
3624:Artaxerxes III Ochus
3619:Artaxerxes II Mnemon
3520:- Achaemenid Kingdom
3197:Njësi administrative
2229:Neutral municipality
2168:Subdivision of India
1900:Autonomous community
1789:Metropolitan borough
1729:Common English terms
1272:Robert Dick Wilson.
1071:Strong's Concordance
1066:'ăḥašdarpᵊnîm (H323)
991:Encyclopædia Iranica
930:The Eustace Diamonds
620:Partition of Babylon
452:Behistun inscription
334:improve this article
4577:Alexander the Great
4519:Hellenistic satraps
4417:Other known satraps
3872:Greek Governors of
3639:Artaxerxes V Bessus
3629:Artaxerxes IV Arses
2840:Autonomous republic
2768:Enclave and exclave
2667:Other English terms
2463:Dependent territory
2309:Autonomous province
2239:Resort municipality
2214:County municipality
2001:Overseas department
1948:Metropolitan county
1761:Unincorporated area
1016:Bukharin, Mikhail.
773:regions of western
751:Indian subcontinent
652:Alexander the Great
302:meaning "keeper").
5774:Iranian inventions
5730:Hellenistic rulers
4525:from around 330 BC
4523:Hellenistic rulers
3653:
3456:Electoral district
2773:Federal dependency
2601:Free economic zone
2485:Overseas territory
2368:Development region
2251:Rural municipality
2184:Indian reservation
2076:Municipal district
2034:Electoral district
1874:Free imperial city
1612:Samaritan Province
747:
703:Armenian provinces
648:
634:
580:
560:
544:Achaemenid Satrap
516:
481:
405:
379:
258:the descendant of
42:
5759:Achaemenid Empire
5736:
5735:
5726:Achaemenid rulers
5328:Cleitus the White
4821:Cleitus the Black
4530:
4529:
3719:Cyrus the Younger
3530:Achaemenid Empire
3509:Achaemenid Empire
3474:
3473:
3429:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3005:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2571:Territorial unit
2468:Federal territory
2446:Capital territory
2351:Autonomous region
2315:Overseas province
2209:City municipality
2100:Service district
2096:Sanitary district
2086:Regional district
2071:Military district
1928:Autonomous county
1861:Incorporated city
1665:
1664:
1370:Achaemenid Empire
1368:Provinces of the
1193:978-0-7864-1918-0
1113:978-0-520-24731-4
1085:(1971). "šasab".
972:978-0-19-966135-0
940:978-0-19-162041-6
866:. Merriam-Webster
478: 465–459 BC
467:Achaemenid Empire
409:Achaemenid Empire
366:
365:
358:
291:meaning "town" +
227:(language of the
5781:
5710:
5707:
5670:
5667:
5659:
5656:
5599:
5596:
5590:, Vadfradad II,
4557:
4550:
4543:
4534:
4533:
3589:Darius the Great
3501:
3494:
3487:
3478:
3477:
3062:Regierungsbezirk
3022:
3021:
3011:
3010:
2674:
2673:
2663:
2662:
2625:Free speech zone
2531:Charter township
2284:Super-prefecture
2128:Special district
2039:Federal district
2019:Capital district
1983:Overseas country
1856:Independent city
1827:Imperial capital
1766:Unorganized area
1736:
1735:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1708:
1707:
1692:
1685:
1678:
1669:
1668:
1660:
1643:
1359:
1352:
1345:
1336:
1335:
1318:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1282:
1247:A. T. Olmstead,
1197:
1165:
1164:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1141:
1135:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1079:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1056:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1002:
983:
977:
976:
958:
952:
951:
949:
947:
924:
918:
917:
907:
901:
900:
898:
896:
882:
876:
875:
873:
871:
856:
850:
849:
829:
745:
742:
719:Northern Satraps
699:Byzantine Empire
586:
578:, 4th century BC
558:
555:
512:Achaemenid Lydia
494:
490:
479:
476:
448:Darius the Great
426:
418:
395:
392:
361:
354:
350:
347:
341:
318:
310:
301:
296:
290:
285:
275:
274:
269:
263:
251:, respectively.
250:
244:
237:Sassanian Empire
219:
218:
216:אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפָּן
212:
202:
196:
186:
184:*khshathrapavan-
176:
170:
160:
151:
145:
136:
130:
129:
79:
78:
75:
74:
71:
68:
65:
62:
59:
56:
5789:
5788:
5784:
5783:
5782:
5780:
5779:
5778:
5739:
5738:
5737:
5732:
5718:
5708:
5668:
5657:
5597:
5530:
5258:
5254:
5245:
4901:
4897:
4888:
4629:Greater Phrygia
4579:
4567:
4561:
4531:
4526:
4511:
4466:Greater Phrygia
4412:
4378:
4349:
4315:
4266:
4229:
4144:
4110:
4086:
4008:
3942:
3867:
3830:
3821:Pharnabazus III
3753:
3654:
3643:
3574:Cyrus the Great
3527:
3521:
3511:
3505:
3475:
3470:
3451:Census division
3421:
3295:
3016:
2989:
2940:Imperial Circle
2898:
2668:
2649:
2643:Free-trade zone
2581:
2555:
2546:Survey township
2517:
2494:
2490:Union territory
2432:
2427:Sovereign state
2392:
2383:Overseas region
2327:
2295:
2260:
2195:
2186:(United States)
2172:
2163:Police division
2158:Census division
2144:
2116:School district
2081:Police district
2005:
1987:
1969:
1909:
1886:
1881:Royal free city
1846:Autonomous city
1832:
1821:Federal capital
1807:
1793:
1770:
1730:
1715:
1702:
1696:
1666:
1661:
1654:
1644:
1635:
1621:Skudra (Thrace)
1602:Greater Phrygia
1398:
1397:
1363:
1326:
1307:, ed. (1911). "
1292:
1290:
1280:
1194:
1174:
1172:Further reading
1169:
1168:
1157:
1153:
1142:
1138:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1098:
1094:
1080:
1076:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1051:
1047:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1014:
1010:
1000:
998:
985:
984:
980:
973:
959:
955:
945:
943:
941:
925:
921:
909:
908:
904:
894:
892:
884:
883:
879:
869:
867:
858:
857:
853:
830:
826:
821:
808:Orontid dynasty
799:
743:
725:
723:Western Satraps
717:Main articles:
715:
686:Sassanid Empire
682:Parthian Empire
678:
660:Seleucid Empire
645:Seleucid Empire
626:
616:
584:
556:
492:
488:
477:
424:
416:
413:Cyrus the Great
393:
385:A dignitary of
371:
362:
351:
345:
342:
331:
319:
308:
261:*khshathrapavan
205:Biblical Hebrew
121:
94:Sasanian Empire
84:of the ancient
53:
49:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5787:
5777:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5734:
5733:
5723:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5716:
5696:
5686:
5676:
5649:
5639:
5629:
5615:
5605:
5573:
5563:
5549:
5538:
5536:
5532:
5531:
5529:
5528:
5518:
5508:
5498:
5488:
5474:
5460:
5446:
5436:
5426:
5416:
5406:
5396:
5389:
5379:
5369:
5359:
5345:
5335:
5325:
5315:
5297:
5287:
5277:
5262:
5260:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5243:
5233:
5223:
5213:
5203:
5193:
5183:
5169:
5155:
5145:
5139:
5129:
5115:
5105:
5095:
5085:
5075:
5065:
5055:
5045:
5035:
5025:
5015:
5001:
4991:
4981:
4967:
4957:
4947:
4937:
4927:
4920:
4905:
4903:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4886:
4876:
4866:
4856:
4842:
4832:
4814:
4792:
4782:
4772:
4762:
4752:
4742:
4724:
4710:
4700:
4690:
4676:
4666:
4656:
4646:
4632:
4622:
4608:
4594:
4583:
4581:
4569:
4568:
4560:
4559:
4552:
4545:
4537:
4528:
4527:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4499:
4489:
4479:
4469:
4459:
4449:
4439:
4420:
4418:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4389:
4387:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4360:
4358:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4326:
4324:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4301:Pherendates II
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4277:
4275:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4243:
4241:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4227:
4226:Abdashtart III
4224:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4204:Baalshillem II
4201:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4154:
4152:
4150:Kings of Sidon
4146:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4124:
4120:
4118:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4103:
4097:
4095:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4022:
4020:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3953:
3951:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3879:
3877:
3869:
3868:
3866:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3844:
3842:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3806:Pharnabazus II
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3767:
3765:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3704:Artaphernes II
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3665:
3663:
3656:
3655:
3646:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3549:
3542:
3534:
3532:
3526:Kings of Kings
3523:
3522:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3507:Rulers in the
3504:
3503:
3496:
3489:
3481:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3303:
3301:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3168:
3167:
3159:
3154:
3153:
3152:
3147:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3028:
3026:
3018:
3017:
3007:
3006:
3003:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2691:
2686:
2680:
2678:
2670:
2669:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2613:Exclusion zone
2610:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2592:Economic zone
2589:
2587:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2551:Urban township
2548:
2543:
2541:Paper township
2538:
2536:Civil township
2533:
2527:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2510:
2504:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2442:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2356:Capital region
2353:
2348:
2347:
2346:
2337:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2322:Roman province
2318:
2311:
2305:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2270:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2190:Indian reserve
2187:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2154:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2140:Urban district
2137:
2136:
2135:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2098:
2093:
2091:Rural district
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1877:
1870:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1842:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1784:County borough
1780:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1740:
1732:
1731:
1717:
1716:
1704:
1703:
1695:
1694:
1687:
1680:
1672:
1663:
1662:
1655:(according to
1649:
1646:
1645:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1610:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1508:
1498:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1411:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1384:Naqsh-e Rustam
1372:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1325:
1324:External links
1322:
1321:
1320:
1305:Chisholm, Hugh
1288:
1285:Studies Palmer
1277:
1270:
1255:
1252:
1245:
1231:
1213:
1198:
1192:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1151:
1136:
1119:
1112:
1092:
1074:
1057:
1045:
1040:Wisdom Library
1027:
1008:
978:
971:
953:
939:
919:
902:
890:Wiktionary.org
877:
851:
823:
822:
820:
817:
816:
815:
810:
805:
798:
795:
733:Western Satrap
714:
711:
677:
674:
615:
612:
608:Artaxerxes III
550:Tomb of Payava
370:
367:
364:
363:
322:
320:
313:
307:
304:
278:semantic shift
256:modern Persian
233:Middle Persian
229:Arsacid Empire
174:𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎱𐎠𐎺𐎠
120:
117:
27:Herakleia head
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5786:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5731:
5727:
5721:
5714:
5709: 150 BC
5704:
5700:
5697:
5694:
5690:
5687:
5684:
5680:
5677:
5674:
5669: 175 BC
5663:
5658: 220 BC
5653:
5650:
5647:
5643:
5640:
5637:
5633:
5630:
5627:
5623:
5619:
5616:
5613:
5609:
5606:
5603:
5598: 220 BC
5593:
5589:
5585:
5581:
5577:
5574:
5571:
5567:
5564:
5561:
5557:
5553:
5550:
5547:
5543:
5540:
5539:
5537:
5535:Later Satraps
5533:
5526:
5522:
5519:
5516:
5512:
5509:
5506:
5502:
5499:
5496:
5492:
5489:
5486:
5482:
5478:
5475:
5472:
5468:
5464:
5461:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5447:
5444:
5440:
5437:
5434:
5430:
5427:
5424:
5420:
5417:
5414:
5410:
5407:
5404:
5400:
5397:
5394:
5391:Amphimachus (
5390:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5377:
5373:
5370:
5367:
5363:
5360:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5346:
5343:
5339:
5336:
5333:
5329:
5326:
5323:
5319:
5316:
5313:
5309:
5305:
5301:
5298:
5295:
5291:
5288:
5285:
5281:
5278:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5257:
5252:
5248:
5241:
5237:
5234:
5231:
5227:
5224:
5221:
5217:
5214:
5211:
5207:
5204:
5201:
5197:
5194:
5191:
5187:
5184:
5181:
5177:
5173:
5170:
5167:
5163:
5159:
5156:
5153:
5149:
5146:
5143:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5130:
5127:
5123:
5119:
5118:Phrataphernes
5116:
5113:
5109:
5106:
5103:
5099:
5096:
5093:
5089:
5086:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5073:
5069:
5066:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5053:
5049:
5046:
5043:
5039:
5036:
5033:
5029:
5026:
5023:
5019:
5016:
5013:
5009:
5005:
5002:
4999:
4995:
4992:
4989:
4985:
4982:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4968:
4965:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4951:
4948:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4935:
4931:
4928:
4925:
4921:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4900:
4895:
4891:
4884:
4880:
4877:
4874:
4870:
4867:
4864:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4850:
4846:
4843:
4840:
4836:
4833:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4815:
4812:
4808:
4804:
4800:
4799:Phrataphernes
4796:
4793:
4790:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4776:
4775:Autophradates
4773:
4770:
4766:
4763:
4760:
4756:
4753:
4750:
4746:
4743:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4725:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4711:
4708:
4704:
4701:
4698:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4677:
4674:
4670:
4667:
4664:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4650:
4647:
4644:
4640:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4626:
4623:
4620:
4616:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4588:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4578:
4574:
4570:
4565:
4558:
4553:
4551:
4546:
4544:
4539:
4538:
4535:
4524:
4520:
4514:
4507:
4503:
4500:
4497:
4493:
4490:
4487:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4473:
4472:Phrataphernes
4470:
4467:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4433:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4415:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4393:Syennesis III
4391:
4390:
4388:
4386:
4381:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4357:
4352:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4323:
4318:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4269:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4225:
4223:Abdashtart II
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4196:Baalshillem I
4194:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4173:Eshmunazar II
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4151:
4147:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4116:Kings of Tyre
4113:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4089:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3950:
3945:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3870:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3858:Mithrobuzanes
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3796:Pharnabazus I
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3744:Autophradates
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3699:Artaphernes I
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3662:
3657:
3650:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3510:
3502:
3497:
3495:
3490:
3488:
3483:
3482:
3479:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3432:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3141:Kommun/Kunta
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3012:
3008:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2965:Roman diocese
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2805:Neighbourhood
2803:
2801:
2798:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2684:Alpine resort
2682:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2664:
2660:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2567:Regional unit
2565:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2416:Federal state
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2279:Subprefecture
2277:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2049:Land district
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2024:City district
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1867:Imperial city
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1713:English terms
1709:
1705:
1701:
1693:
1688:
1686:
1681:
1679:
1674:
1673:
1670:
1658:
1653:
1647:
1642:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
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158:*khshathra-pa
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5580:Ardakhshir I
4755:Satibarzanes
4580:(334-323 BC)
4482:Ariobarzanes
4452:Satibarzanes
4209:Abdashtart I
4191:Tetramnestos
4158:Eshmunazar I
4062:Artemisia II
3972:Teththiweibi
3918:Themistocles
3863:Ariarathes I
3816:Artabazus II
3811:Ariobarzanes
3801:Pharnaces II
3749:Spithridates
3724:Tissaphernes
3714:Tissaphernes
3599:Artaxerxes I
3551:
3544:
3537:
3436:
3396:
3357:Maalaiskunta
3317:Heerlijkheid
3157:Län (Sweden)
2825:Protectorate
2820:Principality
2741:Constituency
2630:Neutral zone
2425:
2320:
2313:
2288:
2201:Municipality
1879:
1872:
1865:
1851:Charter city
1825:
1756:Special area
1746:Insular area
1390: /
1386: /
1382: /
1378: /
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868:. Retrieved
863:
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679:
663:
649:
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581:
561:
534:
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528:
523:
519:
517:
514:, 388–380 BC
510:, Satrap of
497:
485:
482:
463:Themistocles
436:client kings
429:
406:
369:Medo-Persian
352:
343:
332:Please help
327:verification
324:
253:
222:
122:
106:
101:
45:
43:
18:
5703:Hyspaosines
5679:Apollodorus
5588:Vadfradad I
5495:Paropamisia
5393:Mesopotamia
5356:Paphlagonia
5210:Paropamisia
5062:Mesopotamia
5038:Neoptolemus
5012:Paphlagonia
4839:Paropamisia
4803:Pharismanes
4727:Phrasaortes
4697:Mesopotamia
4659:Abdalonymus
4649:Abistamenes
4564:Hellenistic
4383:Satraps of
4354:Satraps of
4320:Satraps of
4286:Pherendates
4271:Satraps of
4219:Evagoras II
4082:Orontobates
4041:Lygdamis II
3947:Dynasts of
3923:Archeptolis
3913:Aristagoras
3898:Eurysthenes
3791:Artabazus I
3729:Tithraustes
3659:Satraps of
3579:Cambyses II
3518:Family tree
3352:Landskommun
3244:Savivaldybė
3110:Switzerland
3105:South Tyrol
2985:Viceroyalty
2778:Governorate
2736:Condominium
2639:Trade zone
2513:Market town
2508:Census town
2406:Proto-state
2378:Microregion
1943:County town
1938:County seat
1805:Half-canton
1053:Esther 3:12
1001:25 February
946:28 November
641:Bagadates I
506:Coinage of
210:aḥashdarpan
191:cognate is
163:Old Persian
154:Old Iranian
100:empires. A
98:Hellenistic
5743:Categories
5689:Ptolemaeus
5608:Andragoras
5409:Tlepolemus
5352:Cappadocia
5338:Philoxenus
5290:Arrhidaeus
5280:Lysimachus
5144:(Pelasgia)
5098:Tlepolemus
5058:Arcesilaus
5008:Cappadocia
4930:Lysimachus
4785:Andragoras
4653:Cappadocia
4589:(Queen of
4291:Achaemenes
4262:Orontes II
4257:Darius III
4178:Bodashtart
4126:Boulomenus
4052:Hecatomnus
4036:Pisindelis
4026:Lygdamis I
3999:Mithrapata
3990:Artembares
3933:Amyntas II
3874:Asia Minor
3853:Ariamnes I
3840:Cappadocia
3786:Oebares II
3771:Mitrobates
3709:Pissuthnes
3569:Cambyses I
3546:Ariaramnes
3539:Achaemenes
3300:Historical
3264:Shahrestān
3207:Autonomous
2955:Presidency
2903:Historical
2872:Suzerainty
2855:Autonomous
2699:Autonomous
2421:Free state
2411:City-state
2373:Mesoregion
2266:Prefecture
1993:Department
1616:Sattagydia
1573:Massagetae
1524:(Gandhara)
1452:Cappadocia
1406:Akaufaka (
1380:Persepolis
910:"satrap".
870:26 January
819:References
813:Suzerainty
787:Satavahana
767:Saurashtra
765:, and the
761:region of
597:Asia Minor
565:Persepolis
533:(actually
469:Satrap of
387:Asia Minor
113:pejorative
35:Asia Minor
33:Satrap of
5713:Characene
5699:Noumenios
5693:Commagene
5662:Timarchus
5642:Alexander
5618:Demodamas
5592:Alexander
5576:Bagadates
5560:Drangiana
5556:Arachosia
5552:Sibyrtius
5481:Arachosia
5477:Sibyrtius
5471:Drangiana
5463:Stasander
5443:Babylonia
5429:Antigenes
5382:Peucestas
5318:Cassander
5312:Pamphylia
5300:Antigonus
5266:Antipater
5196:Scythaeus
5176:Arachosia
5172:Sibyrtius
5166:Drangiana
5132:Antigenes
5078:Atropates
5070:(Greater
5048:Peucestas
4978:Pamphylia
4950:Antigonus
4940:Leonnatus
4909:Antipater
4817:Artabazos
4795:Amminapes
4777:(Tapuri,
4765:Sibyrtius
4735:Peucestas
4717:Atropates
4669:Mithrenes
4625:Antigonus
4615:Demarchus
4428:Abrocomas
4424:Megabyzus
4398:Camisares
4374:Atropates
4330:Hystaspes
4252:Orontes I
4247:Artasyrus
4183:Yatonmilk
4140:Azemilcus
4123:Mattan IV
4093:Macedonia
4091:Kings of
4077:Pixodarus
4031:Artemisia
3994:Artumpara
3938:Philiscus
3908:Histiaeus
3888:Demaratus
3883:Miltiades
3781:Megabates
3776:Megabazus
3734:Tiribazus
3614:Darius II
3609:Sogdianus
3604:Xerxes II
3341:Landskap
3337:Län/Lääni
3291:Vingtaine
3259:Seniūnija
3249:Selsoviet
3224:Poblacion
3161:Landskap
3091:Gemeinde
3082:Freguesia
3037:Apskritis
2960:Residency
2925:Exarchate
2867:Sultanate
2758:Eldership
2689:Bailiwick
2438:Territory
2388:Subregion
2133:in the US
1965:Viscounty
1892:Community
1657:Herodotus
1650:See also
1588:Phoenicia
1501:Eber-Nari
1496:2nd Egypt
1492:1st Egypt
1487:Drangiana
1467:Chorasmia
1442:Babylonia
1422:Arachosia
895:14 August
886:"satrapy"
840:: 13–20.
731:Coin of "
707:Satrapiae
670:Parthians
665:strategos
535:Hyparkhos
520:ganzabara
508:Tiribazos
194:kshatrapa
123:The word
119:Etymology
82:provinces
5632:Diodotus
5626:Sogdiana
5515:Gandhara
5491:Oxyartes
5485:Gedrosia
5457:Sogdiana
5449:Stasanor
5439:Seleucus
5413:Carmania
5259:(321 BC)
5230:Gandhara
5206:Oxyartes
5200:Sogdiana
5180:Gedrosia
5158:Stasanor
5152:Hyrcania
5080:(Lesser
4994:Philotas
4984:Menander
4970:Nearchus
4902:(323 BC)
4863:Gandhara
4835:Oxyartes
4807:Hyrcania
4769:Carmania
4713:Oxydates
4703:Abulites
4683:Stamenes
4635:Balakros
4601:Menander
4492:Abulites
4446:Hyrcania
4364:Hydarnes
4340:Masistes
4281:Aryandes
4135:Evagoras
4057:Mausolus
4048:(satrap)
3969:Harpagus
3960:Kybernis
3928:Aridolis
3893:Gongylos
3739:Struthas
3679:Harpagus
3594:Xerxes I
3442:See also
3177:Maakunta
3172:Località
3117:Gemeente
3077:Frazione
3047:Barangay
2877:Townland
2815:Precinct
2800:Muftiate
2751:District
2711:Cadastre
2523:Township
2301:Province
2192:(Canada)
2150:Division
2011:District
1563:Margiana
1533:Hyrcania
1528:Gedrosia
1462:Carmania
1408:Quhistan
1376:Behistun
1220:Historia
995:Archived
993:. 2012.
860:"Satrap"
846:42668124
797:See also
783:Peshawar
763:Pakistan
737:Nahapana
695:Shahrabs
691:shahrabs
656:Diadochi
614:Seleucid
589:Darius I
531:hyparchs
486:Nehemiah
471:Magnesia
461:Coin of
444:viceroys
346:May 2024
267:shahrbān
225:Parthian
207:form is
189:Sanskrit
149:σατράπης
143:satrápes
134:satrapes
96:and the
39:Darius I
5749:Satraps
5683:Susiana
5636:Bactria
5622:Bactria
5612:Parthia
5584:Wahbarz
5566:Eudemus
5546:Babylon
5501:Taxiles
5453:Bactria
5433:Susiana
5423:Parthia
5399:Peithon
5362:Ptolemy
5348:Nicanor
5342:Cilicia
5304:Phrygia
5270:Macedon
5253:at the
5251:Satraps
5216:Taxiles
5190:Bactria
5186:Amyntas
5136:Susiana
5126:Parthia
5122:Armenia
5112:Parthia
5108:Nicanor
5092:Susiana
5068:Peithon
5042:Armenia
5018:Ptolemy
5004:Eumenes
4998:Cilicia
4960:Asander
4954:Phrygia
4924:Illyria
4922:Philo (
4913:Macedon
4894:Satraps
4869:Taxiles
4849:Eudemus
4829:Bactria
4825:Amyntas
4811:Parthia
4789:Parthia
4707:Susiana
4693:Mazakes
4687:Babylon
4679:Mazaeus
4673:Armenia
4643:Cilicia
4597:Asander
4573:Satraps
4566:satraps
4506:Babylon
4502:Mazaeus
4496:Susiana
4476:Parthia
4462:Atizyes
4432:Belesys
4408:Arsames
4403:Mazaeus
4385:Cilicia
4335:Dadarsi
4322:Bactria
4311:Mazaces
4306:Sabaces
4296:Arsames
4239:Armenia
4235:Satraps
4130:Abdemon
4067:Idrieus
4046:Adusius
4014:Dynasts
4004:Perikle
3986:Arbinas
3976:Kheriga
3965:Kuprlli
3956:Kheziga
3903:Prokles
3848:Datames
3836:Satraps
3826:Arsites
3759:Satraps
3689:Bagaeus
3684:Oroetus
3674:Mazares
3669:Tabalus
3584:Bardiya
3564:Cyrus I
3559:Teispes
3553:Arsames
3528:of the
3437:italics
3397:Satrapy
3382:Pargana
3307:Commote
3165:Finland
3145:Finland
3137:Kampong
3127:Hromada
3100:Germany
3095:Austria
3067:Comarca
3025:Current
2980:Tithing
2950:Monthon
2935:Hundred
2882:Village
2835:Regency
2830:Quarter
2763:Emirate
2731:Commune
2721:Circuit
2677:Current
1975:Country
1813:Capital
1776:Borough
1593:Phrygia
1578:Parthia
1543:Hindush
1522:Gandāra
1518:(Nubia)
1477:Colchis
1472:Cilicia
1447:Bactria
1437:Assyria
1432:Armenia
1413:Amyrgoi
1302::
779:Kushans
680:In the
306:History
223:In the
203:). The
200:क्षत्रप
109:viceroy
102:satrapy
5602:Persis
5505:Punjab
5419:Philip
5386:Persis
5284:Thrace
5274:Greece
5220:Punjab
5148:Philip
5142:Archon
5102:Persia
5088:Scynus
5052:Persis
4934:Thrace
4917:Greece
4896:at the
4873:Punjab
4845:Philip
4739:Persis
4731:Oxines
4575:under
4486:Persis
4345:Bessus
4214:Tennes
4187:Anysos
4163:Tabnit
3981:Kherei
3876:cities
3694:Otanes
3412:Syssel
3402:Socken
3370:Greece
3345:Sweden
3332:Korale
3327:Köping
3322:Komunë
3286:Tehsil
3202:Oblast
3150:Sweden
3072:Comune
3057:Bezirk
3052:Bashki
3042:Bakhsh
2915:Barony
2910:Agency
2887:Summer
2850:Sector
2845:Riding
2810:Parish
2783:Hamlet
2726:Colony
2716:Circle
2694:Banner
2333:Region
1915:County
1799:Canton
1626:Sogdia
1583:Persis
1505:Levant
1417:Arabia
1309:Satrap
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1265:
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713:Indian
705:, the
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417:
411:under
398:Elmalı
273:شهربان
242:šahrab
231:) and
187:. Its
179:Median
127:satrap
86:Median
46:satrap
5673:Media
5652:Molon
5646:Lydia
5570:Indus
5525:Indus
5521:Porus
5403:Media
5376:Syria
5366:Egypt
5332:Lydia
5322:Caria
5308:Lycia
5240:Indus
5236:Porus
5082:Media
5072:Media
5032:Syria
5022:Egypt
4988:Lydia
4974:Lycia
4964:Caria
4883:Indus
4879:Porus
4853:India
4779:Mardi
4749:Egypt
4721:Media
4663:Sidon
4639:Menes
4611:Calas
4605:Lydia
4591:Caria
4442:Ochus
4436:Syria
4356:Media
4273:Egypt
4200:Baana
4018:Caria
3949:Lycia
3661:Lydia
3407:Subah
3392:Rreth
3387:Plasă
3377:Pagus
3365:Egypt
3361:Nome
3281:Sýsla
3274:China
3254:Sitio
3239:Raion
3229:Purok
3219:Ostān
3214:Okrug
3192:Mukim
3187:Muban
3182:Megye
3132:Județ
3122:Gmina
2975:Tenth
2945:March
2920:Burgh
2862:Shire
2793:Royal
2788:Manor
2746:Duchy
2706:Block
2398:State
1631:Yehud
1568:Media
1553:Lydia
1548:Libya
1538:Ionia
1482:Dahae
1457:Caria
1392:Daeva
1251:1948.
842:JSTOR
775:India
771:Malwa
759:Sindh
753:were
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432:Media
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402:Lycia
283:shahr
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2560:Unit
2500:Town
1838:City
1739:Area
1608:Saka
1558:Maka
1516:Kush
1511:Elam
1427:Aria
1388:Susa
1263:ISBN
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897:2020
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