169:, having taken a vow of revenge due to grief, shame or resentment. The newly appeared abrek abandoned his native society and wandered on his own without any companions. From that moment on, there were no more laws for him, and even his own life was not valuable to him, he dedicated his entire existence to fighting for a specific purpose. Therefore, coming across an abrek was considered dangerous. In addition, abreks almost never surrendered, preferring to fight to the death or instead commit suicide if there were no other options left. The primary targets of abreks usually were
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20:
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term used for a lone North
Caucasian warrior living a partisan lifestyle outside power and law and fighting for a just cause. Abreks were irregular soldiers who abandoned all material life, including their family and friends, in order to fight for a just cause, to worship, and to meditate. The term
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in the 19th century. An abrek would renounce any contact with friends and relatives, and then dedicate his life to praying and fighting for justice. Some abreks stole from the rich to give to the poor while others protected
Caucasian villages from foreign attacks. The abrek lifestyle included a
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of 1817-1864, as well as for all illegals. Abreks were popularized as the defenders of the fatherland and as paupers. In their old age, the abreks of the West
Caucasus usually devoted themselves to
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is that they were simply mountain bandits and outlaws; however, they were depicted as men of honor by some
Russian authors. The locals view is that they were heroes of valor, much like
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in 1944 several local guerilla groups were formed against
Stalinist repression. The most prominent abrek during this period was the Ingush guerilla fighter
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abrek who killed
Russian viceroy to Ingushetia colonel Mitnik. Executed by Russian communists on the orders of Chernoglaz.
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115:(абрек) has the derogatory meaning of "bandit", as the Russians have historically been enemies of the abrek lifestyle.
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190:"turned kind and gentle people into the first abreks of the Caucasus, fighting for their place in the Sun"
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who occupied their lowlands, Russian trade, banking, and mail services, because of the proximity of the
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130:. The majority of the East Caucasus abreks were killed in non-stop warfare against the federal army.
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abrek who killed Soviet
Communist leader of Ingushetia Chernoglaz. Executed by Russian communists.
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was used in propaganda to label the anti-Russian guerrillas of the North
Caucasus after the
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Russian caucasologist N. Yakovlev, described how the occupation of the native lands by
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lonely life in the unexplored wilderness. Later, the majority of abreks became devoted
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in the
Caucasus in the 1920s, abreks continued to resist, for the most part in
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woman-sniper who is alleged to have murdered scores of
Russian soldiers and
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North Caucasian term for a lone warrior who fights for a righteous cause
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145:. Abreks provoked the rebellions of 1920-21, 1929–31, 1931-1939, and
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Burbank, Jane; Hagen, Mark von; Anatolyi, Remnev, eds. (2007).
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553:: Типография Госиздата „Красный Пролетарий“. pp. 3–134.
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53:was mostly used by people who struggled against
460:Russian Empire: Space, People, Power, 1700-1930
237:– Chechen abrek famous for his noble character
436:Греков, Б. Д.; Институт Истории СССР (2001).
306:officers 1944-1991. Never killed or captured.
165:A person who became an abrek was usually a
133:Before and even after the establishment of
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446:(in Russian) (122). Москва: Наука: 183.
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151:Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush
488:Link flagged by anti-virus protection
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497:September 28, 2007, at the
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320:detachments, killed by the
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539:Yakovlev, Nikolai (1925).
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195:The Russian view on the
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438:"Исторические записки"
175:Georgian Military Road
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443:Istoricheskie Zapiski
289:abrek, killed by the
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564:Rebecca Ruth Gould:
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270:Sulumbek of Sagopshi
82:Russo-Circassian War
39:Sulumbek of Sagopshi
316:abrek who attacked
147:the last in 1940-44
523:Lone Wolf and Bear
241:Khasukha Magomadov
209:Lone Wolf and Bear
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26:, the most famous
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525:. Page 117.
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58:colonialism
575:Categories
547:The Ingush
423:References
250:Buzurtanov
201:Robin Hood
139:Ingushetia
128:beekeeping
93:Circassian
217:Zelimkhan
167:Caucasian
118:The word
86:Murid War
62:guerrilla
24:Zelimkhan
495:Archived
393:Ossetian
260:Uzhakhov
223:See also
171:Cossacks
143:Chechnya
84:and the
410:Russian
359:Chechen
354:Abredzh
182:Cossack
161:History
109:Russian
97:Chechen
74:Muslims
55:Russian
28:Chechen
551:Moscow
542:Ингуши
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405:Abyräg
397:Абырæг
380:Эба́рг
376:Ingush
346:Абрэдж
342:Adyghe
314:Ingush
300:Ingush
287:Ingush
274:Ingush
264:Ingush
254:Ingush
197:abreks
186:Ingush
101:Ingush
545:[
414:Абрек
388:Ebarg
371:Obarg
363:Обарг
329:Notes
213:abrek
203:. As
120:abrek
113:abrek
48:is a
46:Abrek
30:abrek
465:ISBN
322:NKVD
318:NKVD
304:NKVD
291:NKVD
141:and
105:Avar
103:and
71:Sufi
245:KGB
91:In
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