2546:, if colonialism refers to the process of a country taking physical control of another, imperialism refers to the political and monetary dominance, either formally or informally. Colonialism is seen to be the architect deciding how to start dominating areas and then imperialism can be seen as creating the idea behind conquest cooperating with colonialism. Colonialism is when the imperial nation begins a conquest over an area and then eventually is able to rule over the areas the previous nation had controlled. Colonialism's core meaning is the exploitation of the valuable assets and supplies of the nation that was conquered and the conquering nation then gaining the benefits from the spoils of the war. The meaning of imperialism is to create an empire, by conquering the other state's lands and therefore increasing its own dominance. Colonialism is the builder and preserver of the colonial possessions in an area by a population coming from a foreign region. Colonialism can completely change the existing social structure, physical structure, and economics of an area; it is not unusual that the characteristics of the conquering peoples are inherited by the conquered indigenous populations. Few colonies remain remote from their mother country. Thus, most will eventually establish a separate nationality or remain under complete control of their mother colony.
2623: ... During the centuries of pre-colonial trade, some control over social political and economic life was retained in Africa, in spite of the disadvantageous commerce with Europeans. That little control over internal matters disappeared under colonialism. Colonialism went much further than trade. It meant a tendency towards direct appropriation by Europeans of the social institutions within Africa. Africans ceased to set indigenous cultural goals and standards, and lost full command of training young members of the society. Those were undoubtedly major steps backwards ... Colonialism was not merely a system of exploitation, but one whose essential purpose was to repatriate the profits to the so-called 'mother country'. From an African view-point, that amounted to consistent expatriation of surplus produced by African labour out of African resources. It meant the development of Europe as part of the same dialectical process in which Africa was underdeveloped. Colonial Africa fell within that part of the international capitalist economy from which surplus was drawn to feed the metropolitan sector. As seen earlier, exploitation of land and labour is essential for human social advance, but only on the assumption that the product is made available within the area where the exploitation takes place.
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1707:
353:
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Mughals in India and the Incas in the
Americas. One explanation offered by the paper focuses on the political institutions of the various colonies: it was less likely for European colonists to introduce economic institutions where they could benefit quickly from the extraction of resources in the area. Therefore, given a more developed civilisation and denser population, European colonists would rather keep the existing economic systems than introduce an entirely new system; while in places with little to extract, European colonists would rather establish new economic institutions to protect their interests. Political institutions thus gave rise to different types of economic systems, which determined the colonial economic performance.
602:
1313:
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1166:(1891â1938) argues an emphatic "No!" He reports that in every case the support cost, especially the military system necessary to support and defend colonies, outran the total trade they produced. Apart from the British Empire, they did not provide favoured destinations for the immigration of surplus metropole populations. The question of whether colonies paid is a complicated one when recognizing the multiplicity of interests involved. In some cases colonial powers paid a lot in military costs while private investors pocketed the benefits. In other cases the colonial powers managed to move the burden of administrative costs to the colonies themselves by imposing taxes.
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2538:
to imply a degree of geographic separation between the colony and the imperial power. Particularly, Edward Said distinguishes between imperialism and colonialism by stating: "imperialism involved 'the practice, the theory and the attitudes of a dominating metropolitan center ruling a distant territory', while colonialism refers to the 'implanting of settlements on a distant territory.' Contiguous land empires such as the
Russian, Chinese or Ottoman have traditionally been excluded from discussions of colonialism, though this is beginning to change, since it is accepted that they also sent populations into the territories they ruled.
456:
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not scientifically objective, cartography was often manipulated during the colonial era. Social norms and values had an effect on the constructing of maps. During colonialism map-makers used rhetoric in their formation of boundaries and in their art. The rhetoric favoured the view of the conquering
Europeans; this is evident in the fact that any map created by a non-European was instantly regarded as inaccurate. Furthermore, European cartographers were required to follow a set of rules which led to ethnocentrism; portraying one's own ethnicity in the centre of the map. As
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2742:. Such cases embraced a natural superiority and inferiority relationship between the races based on the observations of naturalists' from the mother-countries. European studies along these lines gave rise to the perception that African women's anatomy, and especially genitalia, resembled those of mandrills, baboons, and monkeys, thus differentiating colonised Africans from what were viewed as the features of the evolutionarily superior, and thus rightfully authoritarian, European woman.
1327:
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as well. The employees became "indentured" to the employer because they owed a debt back to the employer for their travel expense to the colony, which they were expected to pay through their wages. In practice, indentured servants were exploited through terrible working conditions and burdensome debts imposed by the employers, with whom the servants had no means of negotiating the debt once they arrived in the colony.
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Britain if the founders had not understood that slavery empowered them to do so; nor if they had not believed that independence was required in order to ensure that slavery would continue. It is not incidental that 10 of this nation's first 12 presidents were enslavers, and some might argue that this nation was founded not as a democracy but as a slavocracy.
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possessions, 2% in
American possessions, 3% in Portuguese possessions, 1% in Belgian possessions and 0.5% in Italian possessions. The domestic domains of the colonial powers had a total population of about 370 million people. Outside Europe, few areas had remained without coming under formal colonial tutorship â and even
2718:
these same racial belief systems within the "mother-countries" themselves. Usually also included within the colonial belief systems was a certain belief in the inherent superiority of male over female. This particular belief was often pre-existing amongst the pre-colonial societies, prior to their colonisation.
426:, Roger Tignor says "For Osterhammel, the essence of colonialism is the existence of colonies, which are by definition governed differently from other territories such as protectorates or informal spheres of influence." In the book, Osterhammel asks, "How can 'colonialism' be defined independently from 'colony?
2160:'s voyages. The findings suggested Europeans could have carried the nonvenereal tropical bacteria home, where the organisms may have mutated into a more deadly form in the different conditions of Europe. The disease was more frequently fatal than it is today; syphilis was a major killer in Europe during the
1521:
maintained farmland in which they had usage rights. While men would make political and communal decisions for a community, the women would control the village's food supply or their individual family's land. This allowed women to achieve power and autonomy, even in patrilineal and patriarchal societies.
2618:
The decisiveness of the short period of colonialism and its negative consequences for Africa spring mainly from the fact that Africa lost power. Power is the ultimate determinant in human society, being basic to the relations within any group and between groups. It implies the ability to defend one's
2565:
thought that working within the global capitalist system, colonialism is closely associated with uneven development. It is an "instrument of wholesale destruction, dependency and systematic exploitation producing distorted economies, socio-psychological disorientation, massive poverty and neocolonial
2446:
Maps played an extensive role in colonialism, as
Bassett would put it "by providing geographical information in a convenient and standardised format, cartographers helped open West Africa to European conquest, commerce, and colonisation". Because the relationship between colonialism and geography was
2434:
Political geographers also maintain that colonial behaviour was reinforced by the physical mapping of the world, therefore creating a visual separation between "them" and "us". Geographers are primarily focused on the spaces of colonialism and imperialism; more specifically, the material and symbolic
2765:
is the process of creating a separate entity to persons or groups who are labelled as different or non-normal due to the repetition of characteristics. Othering is the creation of those who discriminate, to distinguish, label, categorise those who do not fit in the societal norm. Several scholars in
2387:
Settlers acted as the link between indigenous populations and the imperial hegemony, thus bridging the geographical, ideological and commercial gap between the colonisers and colonised. While the extent in which geography as an academic study is implicated in colonialism is contentious, geographical
1971:
Global travel and migration in general developed at an increasingly brisk pace throughout the era of
European colonial expansion. Citizens of the former colonies of European countries may have a privileged status in some respects with regard to immigration rights when settling in the former European
1723:
consented to a contract with the
European colonisers. Under their contract, the servant would work for an employer for a term of at least a year, while the employer agreed to pay for the servant's voyage to the colony, possibly pay for the return to the country of origin, and pay the employee a wage
649:
When colonists settled in pre-populated areas, the societies and cultures of the people in those areas permanently changed. Colonial practices directly and indirectly forced the colonized peoples to abandon their traditional cultures. For example, European colonizers in the United States implemented
614:
National colonialism is a process involving elements of both settler and internal colonialism, in which nation-building and colonization are symbiotically connected, with the colonial regime seeking to remake the colonized peoples into their own cultural and political image. The goal is to integrate
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of commodities, monopoly capitalism thrived on the export of capital amassed by profits from banks and industry. This, to Lenin, was the highest stage of capitalism. He goes on to state that this form of capitalism was doomed for war between the capitalists and the exploited nations with the former
2582:
of peoples in his "Theses on the
Socialist Revolution and the Right of Nations to Self-Determination" as an integral plank in the programme of socialist internationalism" and he quotes Lenin who contended that "The right of nations to self-determination implies exclusively the right to independence
2537:
writes that imperialism operates from the centre as a state policy and is developed for ideological as well as financial reasons, while colonialism is simply the development for settlement or commercial intentions; however, colonialism still includes invasion. Colonialism in modern usage also tends
1898:
The territorial boundaries imposed by
European colonisers, notably in central Africa and South Asia, defied the existing boundaries of native populations that had previously interacted little with one another. European colonisers disregarded native political and cultural animosities, imposing peace
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India and China were the largest source of indentured servants during the colonial era. Indentured servants from India travelled to
British colonies in Asia, Africa and the Caribbean, and also to French and Portuguese colonies, while Chinese servants travelled to British and Dutch colonies. Between
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Political geographers explain how colonial/imperial powers "othered" places they wanted to dominate to legalise their exploitation of the land. During and after the rise of colonialism the Western powers perceived the East as the "other", being different and separate from their societal norm. This
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that led scientists to argue that the typical brain size of the female human was, on the average, slightly smaller than that of the male, thus inferring that therefore female humans must be less developed and less evolutionarily advanced than males. This finding of relative cranial size difference
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During the colonial era, the global process of colonisation served to spread and synthesize the social and political belief systems of the "mother-countries" which often included a belief in a certain natural racial superiority of the race of the mother-country. Colonialism also acted to reinforce
2479:
David Livingstone stresses "that geography has meant different things at different times and in different places" and that we should keep an open mind in regards to the relationship between geography and colonialism instead of identifying boundaries. Geography as a discipline was not and is not an
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For example, one interesting observation is "the Reversal of Fortune" â the less developed civilisations in 1500, like North America, Australia, and New Zealand, are now much richer than those countries who used to be in the prosperous civilisations in 1500 before the colonists came, like the
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A new YouGov survey finds that most think the British Empire is more something to be proud of (59%) than to be ashamed of (19%). 23% don't know. Young people are least likely to feel pride over shame when it comes to the Empire, though about half (48%) of 18â24 year old's do. In comparison, about
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notes that cartography was used to empty 'undiscovered' lands of their Indigenous meaning and bring them into spatial existence via the imposition of "Western place-names and borders, priming 'virgin' (putatively empty land, 'wilderness') for colonisation (thus sexualising colonial landscapes as
1994:
Migration from former colonies has proven to be problematic for European countries, where the majority population may express hostility to ethnic minorities who have immigrated from former colonies. Cultural and religious conflict have often erupted in France in recent decades, between immigrants
1554:
European nations entered their imperial projects with the goal of enriching the European metropoles. Exploitation of non-Europeans and of other Europeans to support imperial goals was acceptable to the colonisers. Two outgrowths of this imperial agenda were the extension of slavery and indentured
1524:
Through the rise of European colonialism came a large push for development and industrialisation of most economic systems. When working to improve productivity, Europeans focused mostly on male workers. Foreign aid arrived in the form of loans, land, credit, and tools to speed up development, but
470:
once quipped that there were three types of colonial empire: "The English, which consists in making colonies with colonists; the German, which collects colonists without colonies; the French, which sets up colonies without colonists." Modern studies of colonialism have often distinguished between
439:
According to Julian Go, "Colonialism refers to the direct political control of a society and its people by a foreign ruling state... The ruling state monopolizes political power and keeps the subordinated society and its people in a legally inferior position." He also writes, "colonialism depends
434:
Colonialism is a relationship between an indigenous (or forcibly imported) majority and a minority of foreign invaders. The fundamental decisions affecting the lives of the colonised people are made and implemented by the colonial rulers in pursuit of interests that are often defined in a distant
410:
and states that "he difficulty of defining colonialism stems from the fact that the term is often used as a synonym for imperialism. Both colonialism and imperialism were forms of conquest that were expected to benefit Europe economically and strategically," and continues "given the difficulty of
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The wealth and prominence that allowed Jefferson, at just 33, and the other founding fathers to believe they could successfully break off from one of the mightiest empires in the world came from the dizzying profits generated by chattel slavery. In other words, we may never have revolted against
2454:
A common practice by the European cartographers of the time was to map unexplored areas as "blank spaces". This influenced the colonial powers as it sparked competition amongst them to explore and colonise these regions. Imperialists aggressively and passionately looked forward to filling these
1118:
The world's colonial population at the outbreak of the First World War (1914) â a high point for colonialism â totalled about 560 million people, of whom 70% lived in British possessions, 10% in French possessions, 9% in Dutch possessions, 4% in Japanese possessions, 2% in German
2745:
In addition to what would now be viewed as pseudo-scientific studies of race, which tended to reinforce a belief in an inherent mother-country racial superiority, a new supposedly "science-based" ideology concerning gender roles also then emerged as an adjunct to the general body of beliefs of
1520:
European colonisation and development also changed gendered systems of power already in place around the world. In many pre-colonialist areas, women maintained power, prestige, or authority through reproductive or agricultural control. For example, in certain parts of sub-Saharan Africa women
1942:
In a reversal of the migration patterns experienced during the modern colonial era, post-independence era migration followed a route back towards the imperial country. In some cases, this was a movement of settlers of European origin returning to the land of their birth, or to an ancestral
1485:
According to the paper, economic institutions are the determinant of the colonial success because they determine their financial performance and order for the distribution of resources. At the same time, these institutions are also consequences of political institutions â especially how
2651:
inevitably losing. War is stated to be the consequence of imperialism. As a continuation of this thought, G.N. Uzoigwe states, "But it is now clear from more serious investigations of African history in this period that imperialism was essentially economic in its fundamental impulses."
2541:
Imperialism and colonialism both dictate the political and economic advantage over a land and the indigenous populations they control, yet scholars sometimes find it difficult to illustrate the difference between the two. Although imperialism and colonialism focus on the suppression of
1328:
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in the political sense, the right to free political separation from the oppressor nation. Specifically, this demand for political democracy implies complete freedom to agitate for secession and for a referendum on secession by the seceding nation." Non-Russian Marxists within the
6665:
Trade with the early explorers, whalers, sealers, and shore-based traders; interaction with missionaries; the availability of muskets; unprecedented warfare; new methods of dispute resolution; and English law all played their part in influencing the increase or decline of Maori
2766:
recent decades developed the notion of the "other" as an epistemological concept in social theory. For example, postcolonial scholars, believed that colonising powers explained an "other" who were there to dominate, civilise, and extract resources through colonisation of land.
502:
to colonies, often motivated by religious, political, or economic reasons. This form of colonialism aims largely to supplant prior existing populations with a settler one, and involves large number of settlers emigrating to colonies for the purpose of establishing settlements.
1735:, an early but secondary focus for most colonial regimes was the suppression of slavery and the slave trade. By the end of the colonial period they were mostly successful in this aim, though slavery persists in Africa and in the world at large with much the same practices of
6703:
The economic value of the slave to the community was considerable. Slavery among the Maori is certainly not comparable to the system as it existed among the ancient civilized states of Europe, but relative to the culture of this native people, it played an important part
1320:
about the brutality committed by Western nations: the personifications of England, the United States, and Germany carrying spears topped by the severed heads of Tibet, the Philippines, and Southwest Africa respectively. The caption describes this as "The advance guard of
12741:
1999:
countries of north Africa and the majority population of France. Nonetheless, immigration has changed the ethnic composition of France; by the 1980s, 25% of the total population of "inner Paris" and 14% of the metropolitan region were of foreign origin, mainly Algerian.
1570:, and then in Latin America, by the 16th century. The British, French and Dutch joined in the slave trade in subsequent centuries. The European colonial system took approximately 11 million Africans to the Caribbean and to North and South America as slaves.
1669:
in Europe and Americas protested the inhumane treatment of African slaves, which led to the elimination of the slave trade (and later, of most forms of slavery) by the late 19th century. One (disputed) school of thought points to the role of abolitionism in the
1389:, has accompanied imperial expansion since ancient times. Greek trade networks spread throughout the Mediterranean region while Roman trade expanded with the primary goal of directing tribute from the colonised areas towards the Roman metropole. According to
372:
The earliest uses of colonialism referred to plantations that men emigrated to and settled. The term expanded its meaning in the early 20th century to primarily refer to European imperial expansion and the imperial subjection of Asian and African peoples.
2532:
The term "imperialism" is often conflated with "colonialism"; however, many scholars have argued that each has its own distinct definition. Imperialism and colonialism have been used in order to describe one's influence upon a person or group of people.
1255:. Generally it does not refer to a type of direct colonisation â rather to colonialism or colonial-style exploitation by other means. Specifically, neocolonialism may refer to the theory that former or existing economic relationships, such as the
6743:
The abolition of slavery had an effect on why the Great Trek was undertaken and has links to the Afrikaner cultural preservation theory. Slavery was an integral part of Afrikaner society, and there was a sense of discontent when it was called to an
4379:
1450:
developed into an extensive empire that, much like the Roman Empire, had the goal of exacting tribute from the conquered colonial areas. For the Aztecs, a significant tribute was the acquisition of sacrificial victims for their religious rituals.
10111:
9023:
2299:
Colonial botany refers to the body of works concerning the study, cultivation, marketing and naming of the new plants that were acquired or traded during the age of European colonialism. Notable examples of these plants included sugar,
162:
by a foreign group. Colonizers monopolize political power and hold conquered societies and their people to be inferior to their conquerors in legal, administrative, social, cultural, or biological terms. While frequently advanced as an
12832:
2400:, mining and agricultural productivity were instrumental in European colonial expansion. Colonisers' awareness of the Earth's surface and abundance of practical skills provided colonisers with a knowledge that, in turn, created power.
1914:. These events also caused much bloodshed at the time of the migration of immigrants from the two countries. Muslims from India and Hindus and Sikhs from Pakistan migrated to the respective countries they sought independence for.
580:
Surrogate colonialism involves a settlement project supported by a colonial power, in which most of the settlers do not come from the same ethnic group as the ruling power, as it has been (controversially) argued was the case of
2986:
two-thirds (65%) of over 60's feel mostly proud. ... A third of British people (34%) also say they would like it if Britain still had an empire. Under half (45%) say they would not like the Empire to exist today. 20% don't know.
401:
uses the term "to describe the process of European settlement and political control over the rest of the world, including the Americas, Australia, and parts of Africa and Asia". It discusses the distinction between colonialism,
4832:
1728:
1830 and 1930, around 30 million indentured servants migrated from India, and 24 million returned to India. China sent more indentured servants to European colonies, and around the same proportion returned to China.
599:. The source of exploitation comes from within the state. This is demonstrated in the way control and exploitation may pass from people from the colonizing country to an immigrant population within a newly independent country.
2708:
that Britain should grant independence to all of its colonies and also argued that it would be economically beneficial for British people in the average, although the merchants having mercantilist privileges would lose out.
2484:
representations of ostensibly tropical environments in science fiction art support this conjecture, finding the notion of the tropics to be an artificial collection of ideas and beliefs that are independent of geography.
2874:
Post-colonialism (or post-colonial theory) can refer to a set of theories in philosophy and literature that grapple with the legacy of colonial rule. In this sense, one can regard post-colonial literature as a branch of
2721:
Popular political practices of the time reinforced colonial rule by legitimising European (and/ or Japanese) male authority, and also legitimising female and non-mother-country race inferiority through studies of
1718:
The labour shortages that resulted from abolition inspired European colonisers in Queensland, British Guaiana and Fiji (for example) to develop new sources of labour, re-adopting a system of indentured servitude.
1469:
compare the economic influences of the European colonists on different colonies and study what could explain the huge discrepancies in previous European colonies, for example, between West African colonies like
440:
first and foremost upon the declaration of sovereignty and/or territorial seizure by a core state over another territory and its inhabitants who are classified as inferior subjects rather than equal citizens."
1237:
6220:
4217:
1525:
were only allocated to men. In a more European fashion, women were expected to serve on a more domestic level. The result was a technologic, economic, and class-based gender gap that widened over time.
1370:, improved infrastructure, and technological progress. Colonial practices also spur the spread of conquerors' languages, literature and cultural institutions, while endangering or obliterating those of
2754:
Within the former European colonies, non-Europeans and women sometimes faced invasive studies by the colonial powers in the interest of the then prevailing pro-colonial scientific ideology of the day.
1228:
progressed rapidly. The tumultuous upheaval of the war significantly weakened the major colonial powers, and they quickly lost control of colonies such as Singapore, India, and Libya. In addition, the
1307:
622:
Trade colonialism involves the undertaking of colonialist ventures in support of trade opportunities for merchants. This form of colonialism was most prominent in 19th-century Asia, where previously
1528:
Within a colony, the presence of extractive colonial institutions in a given area has been found have effects on the modern day economic development, institutions and infrastructure of these areas.
1457:
Despite the general trend of economic expansion, the economic performance of former European colonies varies significantly. In "Institutions as a Fundamental Cause of Long-run Growth", economists
1416:
Hindus, Syrian Muslims, Jews, Armenians, Christians from south and central Europe operated trading routes that supplied Persian and Arab horses to the armies of all three empires, Mocha coffee to
1197:, grouping these territories into three classes according to how quickly it was deemed that they could prepare for independence. The empires of Russia and Austria collapsed in 1917â1918, and the
1763:
system, which enabled their military units to present themselves to their enemies as a wall, with foot soldiers using shields to cover one another during their advance on the battlefield. Under
1454:
On the other hand, European colonial empires sometimes attempted to channel, restrict and impede trade involving their colonies, funneling activity through the metropole and taxing accordingly.
9020:
2619:
interests and if necessary to impose one's will by any means available ... When one society finds itself forced to relinquish power entirely to another society that in itself is a form of
2566:
dependency". Colonies are constructed into modes of production. The search for raw materials and the current search for new investment opportunities is a result of inter-capitalist rivalry for
1891:. Other European colonies had much more pronounced conflict between European settlers and the local population. Rebellions broke out in the later decades of the imperial era, such as India's
9878:
1979:
is an organisation that promotes cooperation between and among Britain and its former colonies, the Commonwealth members. A similar organisation exists for former colonies of France, the
1875:
The populations of some colonial territories, such as Canada, enjoyed relative peace and prosperity as part of a European power, at least among the majority. Minority populations such as
6276:
Anglo-French carving of colonial space is a significant geographical legacy: nearly 40 percent of the entire length of today's international boundaries were traced by Britain and France.
5359:
1275:) fostered by former colonial powers were or are used to maintain control of former colonies and dependencies after the colonial independence movements of the postâWorld War II period.
2552:
suggested that "imperialism was the highest form of capitalism", claiming that "imperialism developed after colonialism, and was distinguished from colonialism by monopoly capitalism".
2451:
put it, "The steps in making a map â selection, omission, simplification, classification, the creation of hierarchies, and 'symbolisation' â are all inherently rhetorical."
2275:
epidemic in Africa was arrested due to mobile teams systematically screening millions of people at risk. In the 20th century, the world saw the biggest increase in its population in
12377:
2036:
Encounters between explorers and populations in the rest of the world often introduced new diseases, which sometimes caused local epidemics of extraordinary virulence. For example,
2215:
of Africans decreased by 1.1 centimetres upon colonization and later recovered and increased overall during colonial rule. The authors attributed the decrease to diseases, such as
12668:
415:
broadly to refer to the project of European political domination from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries that ended with the national liberation movements of the 1960s".
7165:
1953:
origin migrated to Portugal after the independence of former colonies in Africa between 1974 and 1979; 300,000 settlers of Dutch origin migrated to the Netherlands from the
381:
defines colonialism as "the practice by which a powerful country directly controls less powerful countries and uses their resources to increase its own power and wealth".
2271:
in India. From the beginning of the 20th century onwards, the elimination or control of disease in tropical countries became a driving force for all colonial powers. The
3957:
1494:
political power is allocated. To explain the different colonial cases, we thus need to look first into the political institutions that shaped the economic institutions.
7339:
6858:
Crul, Lindo and Lin Pang. Culture, Structure and Beyond, Changing identities and social positions of immigrants and their children (Het Spinhuis Publishers, 1999).
2770:
viewpoint and separation of culture had divided the Eastern and Western culture creating a dominant/subordinate dynamic, both being the "other" towards themselves.
435:
metropolis. Rejecting cultural compromises with the colonised population, the colonisers are convinced of their own superiority and their ordained mandate to rule.
2076:
1759:
Conquering forces have throughout history applied innovation in order to gain an advantage over the armies of the people they aim to conquer. Greeks developed the
10135:
RĂ©veiller l'archive d'une guerre coloniale. Photographies et Ă©crits de Gaston ChĂ©rau, correspondant de guerre lors du conflit italo-turc pour la Libye (1911â1912)
6087:
Alessio, Dominic; Renfro, Wesley (2022-08-01). "Building empires litorally in the South China Sea: artificial islands and contesting definitions of imperialism".
1286:
While colonies of contiguous empires have been historically excluded, they can be seen as colonies. Contemporary expansion of colonies is seen by some in case of
1068:
existed at the same time but did not expand over oceans. Rather, these empires expanded through the conquest of neighbouring territories. There was, though, some
12658:
8267:
3952:
1868:
8092:
Sunga traces the origin of the international movement against colonialism, and relates it to the rise of the right to self-determination in international law.
6467:
2411:
legitimised colonialism by positing the view that some parts of the world were underdeveloped, which created notions of skewed evolution. Geographers such as
286:, which started in the 18th century, gradually in waves led to the independence of colonies, with a particular large wave of decolonizations happening in the
5443:
Wong, Ting-Hong (May 2020). "Education and National Colonialism in Postwar Taiwan: The Paradoxical Use of Private Schools to Extend State Power, 1944â1966".
2017:
2734:. Biologists, naturalists, anthropologists, and ethnologists of the 19th century were focused on the study of colonised indigenous women, as in the case of
12820:
12367:
10130:
RönnbĂ€ck, K. & Broberg, O. (2019) Capital and Colonialism. The Return on British Investments in Africa 1869â1969 (Palgrave Studies in Economic History)
9640:
2330:. This work was a large part of securing financing for colonial ambitions, supporting European expansion and ensuring the profitability of such endeavors.
1041:
prolifically published so as to conjure up sympathy for the oppressed native peoples and the slaves of the new world, thereby starting the idealization of
8605:
3017:
12768:
5478:
5058:
9925:
Proportions of ethnic groups are calculated based only on the resident population, which comprises Singapore Citizens (SC) and Permanent Residents (PR)
1949:) resettled in France following Algeria's independence in 1962. A significant number of these migrants were also of Algerian descent. 800,000 people of
12726:
12235:
9882:
8670:
Tarnus, Evelyne; Bourdon, Emmanuel (2006). "Anthropometric evaluations of body composition of undergraduate students at the University of La RĂ©union".
4623:
1767:, they were able to organise thousands of soldiers into a formidable battle force, bringing together carefully trained infantry and cavalry regiments.
841:
in Britain, Ireland, Iceland, Greenland, North America, present-day Russia and Ukraine, France (Normandy) and Sicily. In the 9th century a new wave of
7202:
5360:
https://cers.leeds.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/97/2016/04/On-Racialized-Citizenship-The-History-of-Black-colonialism-in-Liberia-Naomi-Whittaker.pdf
4380:"Intersectional Colonialities: Embodied Colonial Violence and Practices of Resistance at the Axis of Disability, Race, Indigeneity, Class, and Gender"
1678:
saw this as one of the reasons to fight for their post-colonial independence and for the right to develop and continue a largely slave-based economy.
13011:
12188:
1148:
344:
sharecroppers started as tenants of landlords, but as the system evolved they became permanently indebted to the landowner and trapped in servitude.
13379:
10275:
6246:
5825:
RönnbĂ€ck & Broberg (2019) Capital and Colonialism. The Return on British Investments in Africa 1869â1969 (Palgrave Studies in Economic History)
2342:, India and China by sea that would be independent of the established routes controlled by Venetian and Middle Eastern merchants. Naturalists like
7130:
5343:
12804:
12397:
9809:
6561:
743:
wire, holding a book, and highlighting different stages of economic activity and evolving forms of transportation, while on the left, displacing
12792:
12417:
10342:
7366:
10147:
Awaken the archive of a colonial war. Photographs and writings of a French war correspondent during the Italo-Turkish war in Libya (1911â1912)
1887:, for example, were vocal in opposing conscription into the armed services to fight on behalf of Britain during World War I, resulting in the
268:
Because of this broad impact different instances of colonialism have been identified from around the world and in history, starting with when
8521:
8409:
1706:
1240:, which affirmed its stance (though notably, colonial empires such as France, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States abstained).
2952:) not only tend to exclude the subaltern from their discussions, but actively prevent non-Europeans from occupying positions as fully human
1377:
With respect to international borders, Britain and France traced close to 40% of the entire length of the world's international boundaries.
12402:
12392:
2584:
10149:. With contributions from art historian Caroline Recher, critic Smaranda OlcĂšse, writer Mathieu Larnaudie and historian Quentin Deluermoz.
7384:
2919:, but modify or subvert it; for instance by retelling a familiar story from the perspective of an oppressed minor character in the story.
385:
defines colonialism as "the system or policy of a nation seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories". The
9267:
7148:
2145:
population decreased drastically in the 19th century, due in large part to infectious diseases brought by Japanese settlers pouring into
1972:
imperial nation. For example, rights to dual citizenship may be generous, or larger immigrant quotas may be extended to former colonies.
1778:
warriors through the use of weapons made of stronger metal, predominantly iron, which was able to shatter the blades of axes used by the
1006:
8851:
7112:
11132:
10773:
9117:
6842:
Willems, Wim "De uittocht uit Indie (1945â1995), De geschiedenis van Indische Nederlanders" (Publisher: Bert Bakker, Amsterdam, 2001).
5220:
Gold, Dore. (2011). "The Myth of Israel as a Colonialist Entity: An Instrument of Political Warfare to Delegitimize the Jewish State".
4658:
1984:
1950:
392:
offers four definitions, including "something characteristic of a colony" and "control by one power over a dependent area or people".
6541:
6184:
Thong, Tezenlo (2012). "Civilised Colonisers and Barbaric Colonised: Reclaiming Naga Identity by Demythologising Colonial Portraits".
2574:
regarded colonialism as the root cause of imperialism, as imperialism was distinguished by monopoly capitalism via colonialism and as
1342:
The impacts of colonisation are immense and pervasive. Various effects, both immediate and protracted, include the spread of virulent
13031:
12915:
8491:
8372:
357:
7020:
2419:
put forward the notion that northern climates bred vigour and intelligence as opposed to those indigenous to tropical climates (See
13374:
12648:
12293:
11317:
9578:
5852:
1975:
In some cases, the former European imperial nations continue to foster close political and economic ties with former colonies. The
352:
7891:
Greaves, Margaret (2023-06-22). ""The Moon's Corpse Rising": The Poetic Moon and Imperialist Nostalgia from the U.S. to Kashmir".
294:
on a wide range of modern outcomes, as scholars have shown that variations in colonial institutions can account for variations in
13491:
13139:
13134:
13129:
13061:
12428:
11925:
11227:
3927:
2751:
was later attributed to the general typical size difference of the human male body versus that of the typical human female body.
2746:
inherent superiority of the colonial era. Female inferiority across all cultures was emerging as an idea supposedly supported by
1690:
1233:
12942:
6616:
1573:
13394:
12638:
12228:
11346:
7813:
5076:
Barker, Adam J. (2009). "The Contemporary Reality of Canadian Imperialism: Settler Colonialism and the Hybrid Colonial State".
1466:
1256:
9782:
8590:
1899:
upon people under their military control. Native populations were often relocated at the will of the colonial administrators.
799:
had an enterprising maritime trading-culture that spread across the Mediterranean from 1550 BC to 300 BC; later the
13004:
12523:
12422:
11334:
10142:
10090:
10028:
9127:
8453:
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8140:
8113:
8015:
7933:
7908:
7756:
7572:
7507:
6827:
6796:
6771:
6596:
6450:
6419:
6335:
6310:
6269:
6230:
6010:
Forsyth, James. A history of the peoples of Siberia: Russia's North Asian colony 1581-1990. Cambridge University Press, 1994.
5796:
These statistics exclude the Russian Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, Spain and Denmark. U.S. Tariff Commission.
5645:
5579:
5550:
5519:
5380:
5042:
4945:
4908:
4791:
4703:
4676:
4641:
4362:
4329:
4294:
4269:
4197:
4151:
4032:
3917:
1260:
1069:
1014:
744:
569:
as well as larger colonies where colonists would constitute much of the political and economic administration. The European
13399:
13389:
12814:
12337:
12298:
3947:
1497:
1120:
310:
to describe the continuation or imposition of elements of colonial rule through indirect means in the contemporary period.
10213:
10187:
Velychenko, Stephen (2002). "The Issue of Russian Colonialism in Ukrainian Thought. Dependency Identity and Development".
9296:
7839:
7774:"Cities in Flight: A Descriptive Examination of the Tropical City Imagined in Twentieth Century Science Fiction Cover Art"
6065:
1786:
weapons cemented the European military advantage over the peoples they sought to subjugate in the Americas and elsewhere.
261:
to cultivate land and life, based on beliefs of entitlement and superiority, historically often rooted in the belief of a
91:
13384:
13237:
13227:
12035:
11945:
10312:
8783:
4116:
3922:
3708:
672:. In fact, everywhere where colonial powers established a consistent and continued presence, hybrid communities existed.
397:
136:, a basic example of colonialism illustrating its different elements, hierarchies and impact on the land and people (the
123:
12060:
9854:
7265:
6165:
Lovejoy, Paul E. (2012). Transformations of Slavery: A History of Slavery in Africa. London: Cambridge University Press.
2480:
objective science, Painter and Jeffrey argue, rather it is based on assumptions about the physical world. Comparison of
1076:
modelled itself on European colonial empires and expanded its territories in the Pacific and on the Asian mainland. The
63:
13154:
13144:
12798:
12486:
12303:
10335:
10121:
5120:
2232:
1935:
1693:, when it officially abolished slavery in the 1830s, caused rifts in society which arguably perpetuated slavery in the
894:
12628:
8234:
8174:
13450:
13404:
13081:
12221:
10014:
9754:
8967:
8895:
8872:
8766:
8085:
8058:
7983:
6863:
6847:
6727:
6689:
6651:
6377:
6041:
5887:
5755:
5604:
5295:
3867:
2847:
1847:
1355:
1312:
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colonized a substantial portion of the Middle East, North Africa, and parts of Asia and Europe. From the 9th century
765:
159:
110:
8622:
8563:
2829:
2259:, and establish mass vaccination programs there. By 1832, the federal government of the United States established a
1968:, repatriated to the Netherlands. A significant number later migrated to the US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
1829:
1555:
servitude. In the 17th century, nearly two-thirds of English settlers came to North America as indentured servants.
12997:
12930:
12678:
12387:
12332:
12315:
12273:
12268:
12005:
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9770:
9657:
9529:
9517:
9483:
9428:
9382:
9370:
9342:
9254:
8980:
7343:
7321:
7294:
Baten, Joerg; Maravall, Laura (2021). "The Influence of Colonialism on Africa's Welfare: An Anthropometric Study".
6741:
There were also threats to what the Afrikaner perceived as tradition, and slavery was included in this perception.
2864:
651:
70:
9232:
8933:
6617:"Our democracy's founding ideals were false when they were written. Black Americans have fought to make them true"
2463:
601:
13445:
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12498:
10961:
10812:
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9681:
9637:
9208:
8808:
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7647:
7184:
3688:
2460:
domains of male penetration), reconfiguring alien space as absolute, quantifiable and separable (as property)."
2362:
identified and developed techniques to grow cinnamon, tea and rice locally as an alternative to costly imports.
13366:
13121:
12862:
12585:
12372:
12162:
12015:
10901:
9705:
9614:
9320:
9068:
8714:
8646:
8602:
3892:
3822:
2825:
1825:
1558:
European slave traders brought large numbers of African slaves to the Americas by sail. Spain and Portugal had
1295:
548:
48:
9495:
9406:
9092:
2063:
killed a further two million Mexican natives in the 17th century. In 1618â1619, smallpox wiped out 90% of the
561:
involves fewer colonists and focuses on the exploitation of natural resources or labour to the benefit of the
12925:
12693:
12202:
12075:
11297:
10328:
10229:
10163:
10061:
7866:
6058:"So-called referenda in Russian-controlled Ukraine 'cannot be regarded as legal': UN political affairs chief"
5679:
Brice, W. C. (1955). The Turkish colonization of Antolia. Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, 38(1), 18â44.
1674:: while the British colonial metropole started to move towards outlawing slavery, slave-owning elites in the
77:
12742:
Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge, and Folklore
9896:
9553:
8448:. International Library of Sociology. Translated by Lorimer, E.-O. Routledge (published 2013). p. 137.
6941:
4537:
1567:
1374:
peoples. The cultures of the colonised peoples can also have a powerful influence on the imperial country.
13066:
12877:
12852:
12100:
12095:
11789:
10827:
10460:
7199:
5249:"Tracing Settler Colonialism: A Genealogy of a Paradigm in the Sociology of Knowledge Production in Israel"
3847:
3144:): 6.5% of the population, of which most are Afrikaans-speaking, in addition to a German-speaking minority.
2925:
2879:
concerned with the political and cultural independence of peoples formerly subjugated in colonial empires.
2821:
2642:. He states it is, "connected with the intensification of the struggle for the partition of the world". As
1907:
1821:
1317:
979:
447:
recognition by the international community or through full incorporation into an existing sovereign state.
44:
1107:
13486:
13247:
12673:
12533:
12407:
12115:
12110:
11895:
9906:
9864:
9764:
9715:
9691:
9667:
9624:
9563:
9539:
9505:
9471:
9416:
9392:
9364:
9330:
9306:
9242:
9218:
9102:
9078:
9054:
8990:
8943:
8818:
8742:
8656:
8632:
6621:
5620:
5121:"Settler Colonialism as Structure: A Framework for Comparative Studies of U.S. Race and Gender Formation"
3997:
2284:
1888:
1363:
739:, a personification of the United States, leads settler civilization westward, bringing light, stringing
574:
443:
According to David Strang, decolonization is achieved through the attainment of sovereign statehood with
222:
8235:"Making Empire Respectable: The Politics of Race and Sexual Morality in 20th-Century Colonical Cultures"
7134:
1685:
from the early 19th century played a part in ending slave-taking and slave-keeping among the indigenous
59:
13455:
13264:
13041:
12970:
10780:
10440:
5312:
4078:
2920:
2172:, then spread across India by 1820. Ten thousand British troops and countless Indians died during this
1903:
1864:
1002:
929:
736:
377:
366:
11097:
9964:
9806:
6558:
6288:
12362:
11144:
11087:
10672:
10259:
9840:
7252:
3937:
3932:
2424:
2408:
2068:
2009:
1505:
1462:
1194:
991:
287:
10270:
9579:"ComposiciĂłn Ătnica de las Tres Ăreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI"
7363:
6131:
13257:
12976:
12703:
11985:
7523:
Arnold, David (March 2000). ""Illusory Riches": Representations of the Tropical World, 1840â1950".
7235:
5511:
4073:
3582:
2810:
1810:
1509:
1501:
1308:
Analysis of Western European colonialism and colonization § Colonial actions and their impacts
1085:
987:
558:
476:
176:
140:
9119:
ComposiciĂłn Ătnica de las Tres Ăreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI
8077:
The Emerging System of International Criminal Law: Developments in Codification and Implementation
6468:"The Development Effects of the Extractive Colonial Economy: The Dutch Cultivation System in Java"
6222:
The Vanishing Black African Woman: Volume Two: A Compendium of the Global Skin-Lightening Practice
4347:
Race and the Education of Desire: Foucault's History of Sexuality and the Colonial Order of Things
487:. Some historians have identified other forms of colonialism, including national and trade forms.
455:
13430:
13242:
13020:
12897:
12683:
11965:
11885:
11302:
10891:
10802:
10225:
10159:
10057:
8428:
7401:
5248:
4179:
3992:
3746:
3474:
3065:
2958:
2814:
2789:
2783:
2679:
2472:
2347:
2272:
2264:
2220:
1976:
1876:
1814:
1752:
1030:
1022:
555:, are examples of nations created or expanded in their contemporary form by settler colonization.
37:
11699:
7688:
Bassett, Thomas J. (1994). "Cartography and Empire Building in Nineteenth-Century West Africa".
7595:
Bassett, Thomas J. (1994). "Cartography and Empire Building in Nineteenth-Century West Africa".
1017:(1808â1833). Empire-builders established several new colonies after this time, including in the
775:
Activity that could be called colonialism has a long history, starting at least as early as the
12882:
12833:
Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge (GRATK)
12481:
12412:
12278:
12213:
11292:
11272:
11122:
10792:
10420:
9979:"Introduction: The historiography of slavery in the Danish-Norwegian West Indies, c. 1950â2016"
9268:"Tabla II.3 PoblaciĂłn por color de la piel y grupos de edades, segĂșn zona de residencia y sexo"
8031:
7966:. In Gallaher, Carolyn; Dahlman, Carl; Gilmartin, Mary; Mountz, Alison; Shirlow, Peter (eds.).
7748:
7739:
Gregory, Derek; Johnston, Ron; Pratt, Geraldine; Watts, Michael; Whatmore, Sarah, eds. (2009).
7381:
6819:
6813:
6763:
6757:
6588:
6582:
6024:. In Gallaher, Carolyn; Dahlman, Carl; Gilmartin, Mary; Mountz, Alison; Shirlow, Peter (eds.).
5839:
3962:
3339:
3131:
3097:
3036:
2412:
2248:
2165:
2103:
1436:
1432:
1367:
1136:
1018:
975:
757:
570:
155:
128:
11159:
9940:
European Colonial Rule, 1880â1940: The Impact of the West on India, Southeast Asia, and Africa
9275:
8958:
8798:, About 50,000 Europeans (mostly French) and Lebanese reside in Senegal, mainly in the cities.
8498:. Consulate General of the People's Republic of China in Toronto. 16 June 2021. Archived from
8130:
8103:
8046:
7963:
7152:
6442:
6436:
6021:
5635:
5567:
5540:
3028:
2860:
12887:
12508:
12310:
11446:
11401:
11212:
10807:
10035:
Harper Encyclopedia of the Modern World: A Concise Reference History from 1760 to the Present
8886:
8848:
8757:
8329:"Gender, Race, and Nation: The Comparative Anatomy of "Hottentot" women in Europe, 1815â1817"
8075:
7116:
7088:
6411:
6405:
4935:
4898:
4022:
3343:
3157:
3022:
2876:
2704:
2667:
2592:
2561:
Marxism views colonialism as a form of capitalism, enforcing exploitation and social change.
2403:
Anne Godlewska and Neil Smith argue that "empire was 'quintessentially a geographical project
1927:
1190:
956:
792:
480:
11262:
9354:
8445:
The Sociology of the Colonies [Part 1]: An Introduction to the Study of Race Contact
7740:
7562:
6684:. Routledge Revivals (reprint ed.). Abingdon: Routledge (published 2011). p. 203.
4931:
4894:
4553:
3297:
2525:
419:
13481:
13420:
13334:
13071:
12857:
12568:
12457:
12320:
11955:
11835:
11604:
11411:
11252:
11179:
10871:
10832:
10817:
10351:
9443:
8492:"Main Data of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from the Seventh National Population Census"
8199:(Gale Virtual Reference Library ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA. pp. 57â65
7697:
7604:
7532:
6510:
4783:
4498:
3902:
3882:
3872:
3736:
3726:
3591:
3420:
3329:
2953:
2567:
2416:
2376:
2335:
2268:
2157:
1988:
1764:
1559:
1537:
1193:
divided up the German colonial empire and much of the Ottoman Empire between themselves as
1089:
688:
676:
657:
644:
592:
484:
295:
214:
11426:
8499:
6960:
2999:
studies colonialism from such viewpoints as those of economics, sociology and psychology.
1860:
1251:
in 1956, to refer to a variety of contexts since the decolonisation that took place after
8:
13344:
13339:
13202:
12563:
12462:
12283:
12145:
12025:
11995:
11915:
11441:
11381:
10702:
10622:
7900:
7218:
7015:
6612:
5507:
Negotiating with Imperialism: The Unequal Treaties and the Culture of Japanese Diplomacy.
5175:
Veracini, Lorenzo (2007). "Historylessness: Australia as a settler colonial collective".
4695:
States and Power in Africa: Comparative Lessons in Authority and Control - Second Edition
4660:
The Deep Roots of Modern Democracy: Geography and the Diffusion of Political Institutions
4121:
3842:
3712:
3692:
3683:
3402:
3121:
3008:
2727:
2639:
2604:
1768:
1732:
1671:
1291:
1287:
1156:
1096:
1038:
1034:
728:
718:
582:
491:
472:
291:
172:
168:
84:
11189:
9597:
7701:
7608:
7536:
7322:"Dr. Francisco de Balmis and his Mission of Mercy, Society of Philippine Health History"
5913:
Beyond Empire and Nation: The Decolonization of African and Asian societies, 1930sâ1970s
4868:
3678:
2901:
2610:
In his critique of colonialism in Africa, the Guyanese historian and political activist
1169:
807:
continued on this line of setting up colonies. The Romans would soon follow, setting up
13175:
12947:
12937:
12538:
12503:
12447:
12288:
12157:
12152:
12135:
12130:
11599:
11107:
11044:
10204:
9901:
9859:
9759:
9710:
9686:
9662:
9619:
9558:
9534:
9500:
9466:
9411:
9387:
9359:
9325:
9301:
9237:
9213:
9185:
9160:
9097:
9073:
9049:
8985:
8938:
8813:
8737:
8695:
8651:
8627:
7721:
7713:
7670:
7628:
7620:
7444:
7436:
7166:
How did Easter Island's ancient statues lead to the destruction of an entire ecosystem?
7065:
7038:
6972:
6897:
6533:
6511:"Colonial Legacies and State Institutions in China: Evidence From a Natural Experiment"
6240:
6201:
6112:
5993:
5917:
5460:
5425:
5335:
5268:
5229:
5202:
5143:
5101:
5093:
4997:
4970:"From Dependency to Sovereignty: An Event History Analysis of Decolonization 1870-1987"
4709:
4479:
4452:"From Dependency to Sovereignty: An Event History Analysis of Decolonization 1870-1987"
4432:
3852:
3648:
3506:
3288:
3242:
3203:
3183:
3141:
2912:, arguing that they helped to shape a societal fantasy of European racial superiority.
2905:
2887:
2659:
2596:
2579:
2534:
2498:
2494:
2343:
2177:
2092:
2088:
2013:
1779:
1747:
1720:
1541:
1447:
1371:
1212:
1207:
882:
804:
626:
states were forced to open their ports to Western powers. Examples of this include the
258:
218:
197:, which spread globally from the 15th century to the mid-20th century, spanning 35% of
180:
11589:
10295:
10219:
10153:
9146:
8916:
8887:
Migrant resettlement in the Russian federation: reconstructing 'homes' and 'homelands'
8831:
6369:
6174:
Ferguson, Niall (2003). Empire: How Britain Made the Modern World. London: Allen Lane.
5717:
4576:
13440:
13309:
13274:
13217:
13185:
13102:
12773:
12382:
12245:
12120:
12065:
11905:
11694:
11356:
11282:
11257:
11059:
10861:
10247:
10208:
10181:
10138:
10117:
10086:
10051:
10038:
10024:
10010:
9589:
9190:
9123:
8963:
8891:
8762:
8687:
8449:
8353:
8328:
8300:
8136:
8109:
8081:
8054:
8011:
7979:
7939:
7929:
7904:
7795:
7752:
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7725:
7674:
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7568:
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6859:
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6823:
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6723:
6685:
6647:
6592:
6537:
6446:
6415:
6373:
6331:
6306:
6265:
6226:
6205:
6139:
6116:
6104:
6037:
5997:
5883:
5801:
5751:
5641:
5600:
5575:
5546:
5523:
5515:
5464:
5429:
5417:
5376:
5339:
5291:
5272:
5206:
5147:
5105:
5038:
5017:
The Kaiser's Holocaust: Germany's Forgotten Genocide and the Colonial Roots of Nazism
4989:
4941:
4904:
4850:
4787:
4758:
4729:"Colonial Legacy, State-building and the Salience of Ethnicity in Sub-Saharan Africa"
4699:
4672:
4637:
4604:
4596:
4557:
4518:
4471:
4424:
4358:
4325:
4300:
4290:
4265:
4237:
4193:
4157:
4147:
4028:
3982:
3907:
3837:
3704:
3566:
3396:
3302:
3262:
2930:
2893:
2739:
2695:
2627:
According to Lenin, the new imperialism emphasised the transition of capitalism from
2322:
2252:
2181:
2064:
1961:
1954:
1911:
1675:
1335:
1264:
1177:
1057:
1026:
964:
800:
723:
704:
669:
606:
586:
323:
262:
250:
230:
210:
12618:
11174:
8699:
7790:
7773:
7448:
7113:"Stacy Goodling, "Effects of European Diseases on the Inhabitants of the New World""
5921:
5911:
4189:
2481:
2040:, measles, malaria, yellow fever, and others were unknown in pre-Columbian America.
13460:
13329:
13252:
12902:
12872:
12867:
12826:
12748:
12575:
12263:
12125:
12055:
11825:
11744:
11739:
11664:
11639:
11584:
11574:
11564:
11534:
11514:
11504:
11371:
11366:
11324:
11267:
11064:
10747:
10742:
10717:
10662:
10637:
10264:
10196:
9992:
9786:
9180:
9172:
8795:
8679:
8257:
8249:
7971:
7896:
7785:
7705:
7662:
7612:
7558:
7540:
7428:
7303:
7273:
7060:
7050:
6525:
6489:
6479:
6365:
6193:
6096:
6029:
5985:
5452:
5409:
5327:
5260:
5192:
5184:
5135:
5085:
4981:
4840:
4748:
4740:
4664:
4629:
4588:
4549:
4510:
4463:
4416:
4350:
4229:
4185:
3972:
3897:
3832:
3827:
3778:
3762:
3654:
3606:
3353:
3272:
3193:
2779:
2620:
2438:
2428:
2380:
2371:
2288:
2260:
2129:. Introduced diseases, notably smallpox, nearly wiped out the native population of
2028:
1922:
1386:
1248:
1144:
1132:
1077:
944:
937:
850:
838:
761:
732:
692:
615:
them into the state, but only as reflections of the state's preferred culture. The
471:
various overlapping categories of colonialism, broadly classified into four types:
333:
11729:
10303:
9997:
9978:
8253:
5951:
5331:
4808:
1278:
The term "neocolonialism" became popular in ex-colonies in the late 20th century.
13289:
13284:
13279:
13197:
12810:
12249:
12182:
11855:
11774:
11734:
11704:
11689:
11654:
11649:
11619:
11594:
11579:
11554:
11539:
11474:
11451:
11436:
11421:
11406:
11277:
11232:
11217:
11207:
11029:
11024:
10881:
10876:
10856:
10844:
10307:
10107:
9813:
9644:
9142:
9027:
8855:
8609:
8443:
8347:
8178:
7388:
7370:
7206:
7188:
7024:
6717:
6679:
6641:
6565:
6197:
5877:
5505:
4777:
4319:
4259:
4111:
3987:
3862:
3632:
3484:
3464:
3252:
3232:
3089:
2963:
2900:(1925â1961) made similar claims decades before SaĂŻd). SaĂŻd analyzed the works of
2675:
2351:
1892:
1880:
1351:
1128:
1073:
854:
808:
700:
696:
387:
362:
190:
8291:
Fee, E. (1979). "Nineteenth-century craniology: The study of the female skull".
7666:
4833:"What Is Colonialism? The Dual Claims of a Twentieth-Century Political Category"
3425:
2662:
were generally in abstract opposition to colonialism and imperialism, including
2110:
1686:
846:
664:
of the Americas, as well as racially divided populations such as those found in
13086:
12920:
12892:
12733:
12580:
12548:
12513:
12474:
12172:
12080:
12070:
11799:
11674:
11659:
11634:
11629:
11624:
11569:
11544:
11499:
11479:
11341:
11312:
11287:
11242:
11222:
11184:
11139:
11019:
11009:
10866:
10697:
10510:
7039:"The first smallpox epidemic on the Canadian Plains: In the fur-traders' words"
6100:
6057:
5976:
Uzoigw, Godfrey N. (2019). "Neocolonialism Is Dead: Long Live Neocolonialism".
5501:
3813:
3790:
3228:
3224:
3032:
3012:
2978:
2735:
2671:
2571:
2549:
2468:
2280:
2256:
2197:
2193:
2122:
2072:
1694:
1458:
1440:
1406:
1244:
1229:
1225:
1152:
1065:
1061:
1010:
983:
960:
925:
921:
905:
890:
784:
684:
665:
596:
307:
303:
283:
254:
246:
144:
137:
8779:
7975:
7432:
7307:
6875:
6033:
5188:
4845:
4161:
2909:
13475:
12543:
12327:
12105:
11935:
11845:
11794:
11764:
11754:
11684:
11679:
11669:
11529:
11519:
11509:
11484:
11351:
11329:
11247:
11154:
11127:
11112:
11054:
10737:
10242:
10096:
9593:
9003:
8859:
8683:
8549:
Re-conceptualizing Taiwan: Settler Colonial Criticism and Cultural Production
8410:"Colonial nostalgia is back in fashion, blinding us to the horrors of empire"
7943:
7799:
6529:
6143:
6108:
5572:
Dutch Culture Overseas: Colonial Practice in the Netherlands Indies 1900â1942
5421:
5264:
5151:
5139:
4993:
4854:
4762:
4727:
Ali, Merima; Fjeldstad, Odd-Helge; Jiang, Boqian; Shifa, Abdulaziz B (2018).
4600:
4561:
4522:
4499:"The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation"
4475:
4428:
4304:
4241:
4083:
3942:
3887:
3752:
3700:
3660:
3534:
3415:
3406:
3325:
3213:
2945:
2611:
2600:
2575:
2359:
2331:
2317:
2276:
2228:
2224:
2208:
2130:
1334:
The Dutch Public Health Service provides medical care for the natives of the
1238:
Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples
1198:
1081:
909:
862:
842:
776:
540:
9826:
8547:
7561:; Dahlman, Carl T.; Gilmartin, Mary; Mountz, Alison; Shirlow, Peter (2009).
7544:
7340:"Lewis Cass and the Politics of Disease: The Indian Vaccination Act of 1832"
7266:"Sahib: The British Soldier in India, 1750â1914 by Richard Holmes [AsiâŠ"
6484:
5542:
Being "Dutch" in the Indies: A History of Creolisation and Empire, 1500â1920
4592:
4178:
Go, Julian (2007). "Colonialism (Neocolonialism)". In Ritzer, George (ed.).
2204:
654:
program to force native children to assimilate into the hegemonic culture.
13349:
13269:
13222:
12357:
12085:
11769:
11759:
11749:
11614:
11609:
11549:
11524:
11494:
11489:
11396:
11391:
11237:
11117:
10851:
10787:
10657:
10647:
10642:
10561:
10551:
10495:
10385:
10254:
8691:
8171:
7074:
6719:
To what extent was the Great Trek undertaken to preserve Afrikaner Culture?
6262:
Scars of Partition: Postcolonial Legacies in French and British Borderlands
5637:
Colonialism: An International, Social, Cultural, and Political Encyclopedia
4713:
4693:
4657:
Gerring, John; Apfeld, Brendan; Wig, Tore; Tollefsen, Andreas ForĂž (2022).
4608:
3977:
3877:
3857:
3369:
3268:
3127:
2897:
2687:
2588:
2393:
2358:
did not possess an extensive colonial network, botanical research based on
2212:
2052:
1980:
1775:
1666:
1549:
1471:
1252:
1221:
1202:
1163:
1124:
971:
952:
834:
788:
680:
623:
566:
536:
337:
269:
206:
12989:
12553:
10200:
10076:
Colonialism: An International Social, Cultural, and Political Encyclopedia
9194:
8262:
7464:
Colonial Botany: Science, Commerce, and Politics in the Early Modern World
7055:
5989:
5785:
Colonialism: An International Social, Cultural, and Political Encyclopedia
5734:
Colonialism: An International Social, Cultural, and Political Encyclopedia
4668:
4633:
4514:
3430:
2087:
diseases. Over the centuries, the Europeans had developed high degrees of
889:
and reached its greatest nominal colonial extent at the conclusion of the
13435:
13314:
13294:
13192:
13107:
11784:
11779:
11714:
11709:
11559:
11431:
11386:
11376:
11169:
11164:
11102:
11039:
10822:
10797:
10722:
10682:
10652:
10607:
10586:
10566:
10546:
10536:
10505:
10370:
9176:
8467:
There are thus three elements in Colonistics or colonial study: Colonial
8304:
6494:
5527:
4810:
Neocolonialism | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica
4698:. Vol. 149 (REV - Revised, 2 ed.). Princeton University Press.
4354:
3967:
3742:
3556:
3524:
3500:
3386:
3209:
3048:
2977:
survey found that British people are mostly proud of colonialism and the
2941:
2883:
2683:
2508:
2448:
2420:
2389:
2338:
were seeking to establish routes to trade spices, dyes and silk from the
2161:
2142:
2107:
1965:
1682:
1402:
1398:
1359:
1186:
712:
528:
495:
403:
319:
226:
202:
164:
7325:
6976:
5456:
5233:
5097:
4728:
4233:
2915:
Writers of post-colonial fiction interact with the traditional colonial
2892:(1978) as the theory's founding work (although French theorists such as
1871:, British Secretary of State for India, after a meeting on 18 April 1946
916:
The European early modern period began with the Turkish colonization of
711:) the vast majority of "Dutch" settlers were in fact Eurasians known as
133:
13319:
12907:
12590:
12167:
11975:
11875:
11724:
11644:
11416:
11307:
11149:
11092:
11069:
11034:
10983:
10973:
10941:
10886:
10712:
10692:
10617:
10581:
10485:
10470:
10395:
10320:
10113:
The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America
7500:
Geographical thought : an introduction to ideas in human geography
5413:
5089:
5001:
4969:
4744:
4483:
4451:
4436:
4404:
3672:
3490:
3375:
3363:
3349:
3335:
3238:
2747:
2731:
2723:
2699:
2691:
2663:
2643:
2635:
2628:
2599:, meanwhile, between 1918 and 1923 and then after 1929, considered the
2397:
2236:
2044:
1563:
1347:
1140:
998:
878:
874:
826:
627:
411:
consistently distinguishing between the two terms, this entry will use
299:
234:
194:
171:, whereby colonial settlers invade and occupy territory to permanently
7717:
7624:
7440:
6383:
5882:. Seminar Studies (2 ed.). Abingdon: Routledge (published 2014).
5197:
4753:
3147:
2354:
compiled data about eastern plants on behalf of the Europeans. Though
1095:
In the late 19th century, many European powers became involved in the
13425:
13180:
12558:
12528:
12469:
11865:
11804:
11361:
11004:
10931:
10916:
10837:
10757:
10752:
10677:
10632:
10612:
10591:
10576:
10556:
10541:
10405:
10365:
8001:
7999:
7997:
7995:
7181:
5397:
3766:
3732:
3666:
3602:
3544:
3444:
3381:
3189:
3167:
3077:
2916:
2868:
2562:
2291:
has grown from 1.6 billion in 1900 to over seven billion today.
2126:
2099:
2084:
2080:
1945:
1783:
1699:
1479:
1475:
866:
858:
813:
throughout the Mediterranean, in North Africa, and in Western Asia.
796:
780:
740:
708:
660:
gave rise to culturally and ethnically mixed populations such as the
631:
577:
was largely conducted under the auspices of exploitation colonialism.
562:
508:
504:
329:
277:
9638:
Resultado Basico del XIV Censo Nacional de PoblaciĂłn y Vivienda 2011
9274:(in Spanish). Oficina Nacional de EstadĂsticas. 2002. Archived from
7004:
The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492
6643:
Outcasts of the Gods? The Struggle over Slavery in Maori New Zealand
4985:
4467:
4420:
4218:"Reverberations of Empire: How the Colonial Past Shapes the Present"
4058:
Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language
3587:
2966:
as the most accomplished of all, while Kant also had some traces of
2799:
2022:
1799:
1147:
had felt varying degrees of Western colonial-style influence â
1048:
26:
13232:
13170:
13149:
12518:
12140:
11719:
11456:
11049:
11014:
10988:
10968:
10921:
10732:
10687:
10571:
10475:
10465:
10430:
10400:
8920:
8192:
7709:
7616:
5876:
White, Nicholas (17 July 2014). "Economics and the end of Empire".
3756:
3628:
3616:
3572:
3518:
3480:
3321:
3278:
3173:
3153:
3096:
Nations and regions outside Europe with significant populations of
3083:
3055:
2762:
2632:
2515:
and the Moon have become an object of non-terrestrial colonialism.
2504:
2339:
2313:
2173:
2153:
2146:
2037:
1487:
1425:
1421:
1394:
1343:
1173:
Map of colonial and land-based empires throughout the world in 1914
948:
917:
886:
870:
830:
407:
273:
7992:
6762:. Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press. pp.
5059:"The Legacy of the Chinese Empires Beyond "the West and the Rest""
12491:
12378:
Coordinator of Indigenous Organizations of the Amazon River Basin
12177:
12090:
10978:
10946:
10936:
10707:
10667:
10500:
10425:
10410:
10390:
10290:
7419:
Iliffe, John (1989). "The Origins of African Population Growth".
6902:
Portail de lâOrganisation Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)
6818:. Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press. p.
6587:. Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press. p.
5952:"Neocolonialism | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica"
3721:
3638:
3622:
3578:
3538:
3512:
3454:
3317:
3284:
3258:
3248:
3219:
3199:
3163:
3137:
3103:
2647:
2305:
2216:
2189:
2185:
2134:
2118:
2060:
1996:
1771:
exploited this military foundation further during his conquests.
1760:
1711:
1578:
1491:
1268:
661:
544:
499:
242:
12243:
10267:. Translated by Constance Farrington. London: Penguin Book, 2001
7402:"Fact sheet N°259: African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness"
6438:
No Turning Back: The History of Feminism and The Future of Women
6407:
No Turning Back: The History of Feminism and The Future of Women
2678:, H.R. Fox Bourne, Edward Morel, Josephine Butler, W.J. Fox and
2578:
explains: "Vladimir Lenin advocated forcefully the principle of
2106:
in the early years of British colonisation. It also killed many
715:, formally belonging to the European legal class in the colony.
13324:
13212:
12669:
Ministry for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic
10926:
10727:
10515:
10490:
10480:
10450:
10435:
7893:
Lyric Poetry and Space Exploration from Einstein to the Present
5288:
The Development of Capitalism in Colonial Indochina (1870â1940)
4940:. trans. Shelley Frisch. Markus Weiner Publishers. p. 16.
4903:. trans. Shelley Frisch. Markus Weiner Publishers. p. 15.
3772:
3644:
3595:
3550:
3530:
3460:
3116:
3071:
3044:
2974:
2967:
2512:
2355:
2309:
2301:
2169:
2114:
2048:
1964:, of which the majority were people of Eurasian descent called
1931:
1884:
1545:
1413:
1390:
1272:
616:
552:
532:
516:
512:
238:
187:
9961:
Western Power in Asia: Its Slow Rise and Swift Fall, 1415â1999
8220:
The nature and causes of the wealth of nations ("Of Colonies")
7806:
7557:
2152:
Conversely, researchers have hypothesised that a precursor to
13299:
13056:
10956:
10445:
10380:
10045:
The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Imperialism and Anti-Imperialism
8834:, Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations. Thomson Gale. 2007.
7957:
7955:
7953:
7461:
7364:
Smallpox History â Other histories of smallpox in South Asia.
5373:
Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice: An International Dilemma
3470:
3392:
3357:
3179:
3061:
2949:
1987:
plays a similar role for former Portuguese colonies, and the
1417:
933:
822:
524:
520:
198:
9115:
6904:(in French). Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie.
6356:
Acemoglu, Daron; Johnson, Simon; Robinson, James A. (2005).
4497:
Acemoglu, Daron; Johnson, Simon; Robinson, James A. (2001).
619:
is the archetypal example of a national-colonialist society.
13076:
12805:
UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP)
10951:
10375:
9576:
8522:"How Much Does Beijing Control the Ethnic Makeup of Tibet?"
7884:
7747:(5th ed.). Chichester (UK): Wiley-Blackwell. pp.
5627:
5479:"A Typology of Colonialism | Perspectives on History | AHA"
3784:
3562:
3496:
3311:
3107:
2138:
2056:
460:
7950:
6916:"Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries â CPLP | DGES"
4289:. Lincoln: U of Nebraska Press. p. 24, 81, 421, 430.
1991:
is the equivalent for former colonies of the Netherlands.
1883:
and resented colonial practices. Francophone residents of
595:
is a notion of uneven structural power between areas of a
257:. Colonialism has been justified with beliefs of having a
13356:
10520:
10415:
10101:
The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World
8352:(3 ed.). Indiana University press. pp. 359â76.
8128:
7738:
4656:
2962:(1807), famous for its explicit ethnocentrism, considers
2327:
2156:
may have been carried from the New World to Europe after
1405:
to India. With the development of trade routes under the
10007:
Coloniser, Exterminer â Sur la guerre et l'Etat colonial
9971:
Modern Imperialism and Colonialism: A Global Perspective
8322:
8320:
8318:
8316:
8314:
7502:. Harlow, England: Pearson Prentice Hall. pp. 4â5.
6961:"Cultural Conflicts: North African Immigrants in France"
6358:"Institutions as a Fundamental Cause of Long-Run Growth"
6161:
6159:
4261:
Settling for Less: Why States Colonize and Why They Stop
2455:
spaces for the glory of their respective countries. The
1917:
6355:
4496:
3958:
International relations of the Great Powers (1814â1919)
3953:
Impact of Western European colonialism and colonisation
2113:. As late as 1848â49, as many as 40,000 out of 150,000
2071:
brought devastation and drastic depopulation among the
1397:, up to 120 Roman ships would set sail every year from
201:'s land by 1800 and peaking at 84% by the beginning of
9161:"Genetic epidemiology of single gene defects in Chile"
5910:
Betts, Raymond F; Bogaerts, Els; Raben, Raben (2012).
4779:
European Overseas Empire, 1879 â 1999: A Short History
4726:
2227:
during the early decades of colonial rule, conflicts,
2067:
Native Americans. Smallpox epidemics in 1780â1782 and
2047:
in 1518 was killed by smallpox. Smallpox also ravaged
8311:
7778:
ETropic: Electronic Journal of Studies in the Tropics
6156:
5853:"How Western scholars overlooked Russian imperialism"
2263:
program for Native Americans. Under the direction of
2184:, who mainly worked in India, who developed and used
2018:
Impact and evaluation of colonialism and colonization
1072:
across the Bering Strait. From the 1860s onwards the
12368:
Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador
7895:. Oxford University PressOxford. p. 101âC3P68.
6942:"Taalunie â Union for the Dutch Language â Taalunie"
4538:"The Importance of History for Economic Development"
3803:
3537:): 9% or ~17% of the population. and 70â80% more as
2180:'s officers survived to take the final voyage home.
336:", which was used to describe tenant farmers in the
280:, the base colonial separation and characteristic.
12793:
Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention (ILO C169)
9954:
Colonialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History
9297:"Dominican Republic § People and Society"
7814:"Deep sea mining and neocolonialism in the Pacific"
7089:"Guns Germs & Steel: Variables. Smallpox | PBS"
5836:
A Short History of International Affairs, 1920â1939
5313:"The Surrogate Colonization of Palestine 1917â1939"
3092:: 80%+ Han Chinese, <20% Indigenous Manchurians.
2940:(1999), Spivak argued that major works of European
1943:birthplace. 900,000 French colonists (known as the
1531:
959:divided the areas of these "new" lands between the
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
9969:Getz, Trevor R. and Heather Streets-Salter, eds.:
8962:". Petr Kokaisl, Pavla Kokaislova (2009). p. 125.
8429:"The British Empire is 'something to be proud of'"
8032:"Imperialism: A Study â Online Library of Liberty"
7017:Smallpox â The Fight to Eradicate a Global Scourge
5909:
4371:
3695:immigrant family in Hawaii during the 19th century
2075:. Some believe that the death of up to 95% of the
1957:after Dutch military control of the colony ended.
12821:UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants (UNDROP)
9855:"French Polynesia § People and Society"
7858:
5879:Decolonisation: The British Experience since 1945
5035:The Shadow of Colonialism on Europe's Modern Past
4807:Halperin, Sandra (2023-12-02). "Neocolonialism".
4317:
3366:(Russians and other Slavs): 14% of the population
2141:, approximately one-third of the population. The
1294:. There is also ongoing debate in academia about
1162:Asking whether colonies paid, economic historian
928:in 1453, the sea routes discovered by Portuguese
845:colonisation began, with competitors such as the
13473:
10276:A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies
10023:, 1992, New Press; Reprint edition (June 1997),
7219:Genetic Study Bolsters Columbus Link to Syphilis
5402:Studies in Comparative International Development
3378:(Russians and other Slavs): 1% of the population
3372:(Russians and other Slavs): 4% of the population
1594:Number of slaves imported between 1450 and 1870
731:is an allegorical representation of the idea of
12727:African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights
12398:International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
9977:Jensen, Niklas Thode; Simonsen, Gunvor (2016).
9577:Francisco Lizcano FernĂĄndez (MayâAugust 2005).
9158:
8612:Statistics (where available) from CIA Factbook.
8375:10 February 2016, by Dean Burnett, The Guardian
8331:. In Muriel Lederman and Ingrid Bartsch (ed.).
8326:
7382:Conquest and Disease or Colonialism and Health?
6576:
6574:
6351:
6349:
6347:
5398:"Internal colonialism and national development"
3150:: estimated to be approx. 25% of the population
2442:Comparison of Africa in the years 1880 and 1913
1774:The Spanish Empire held a major advantage over
1385:Economic expansion, sometimes described as the
217:, which keeps the colonized socio-economically
13062:Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)
12418:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
9976:
9947:Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism Since 1450
9755:"French Guiana § People and Society"
8197:Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450
8108:. East African Publishers. pp. 149, 224.
8080:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 90ff.
8005:
7832:
7462:Londa Schiebinger; Claudia Swan, eds. (2007).
7236:"Columbus May Have Brought Syphilis to Europe"
7036:
6991:The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease
5772:Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism Since 1450
5745:
5706:Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism Since 1450
5633:
5246:
4625:Colonial Origins of Democracy and Dictatorship
4577:"The historical roots of economic development"
4405:"Global Patterns of Decolonization, 1500-1987"
4338:
4024:Preface to Colonialism: a theoretical overview
2059:in the 1530s, aiding the European conquerors.
1380:
186:Colonialism developed as a concept describing
167:regime, colonialism can also take the form of
13005:
12229:
10336:
10103:, The New Press, 2007. ISBN 978-1-56584-785-9
10033:Morris, Richard B. and Graham W. Irwin, eds.
8669:
8623:"South Africa § People and Society"
8101:
7293:
6086:
6013:
5748:European Elites and Ideas of Empire 1917â1957
5037:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 126.
5032:
5028:
5026:
4278:
4109:
3451:): 97% European and mestizo of the population
2435:appropriation of space enabling colonialism.
1232:shows support for decolonisation in its 1945
430:" He settles on a three-sentence definition:
12403:National Indigenous Organization of Colombia
12393:Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism
10842:
9658:"Bahamas The § People and Society"
9530:"Puerto Rico § People and Society"
9383:"El Salvador § People and Society"
8981:"Turkemistan § People and Society"
8911:
8909:
8907:
8905:
8903:
8373:Male and female brains: the REAL differences
8346:Stepan, Nancy (1993). Sandra Harding (ed.).
8226:
7772:Menadue, Christopher Benjamin (2018-09-04).
7497:
6681:Primitive Economics of the New Zealand Maori
6611:
6571:
6568:", by Richard Hofstadter, Montgomery College
6344:
6245:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
5850:
5290:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
4324:. Princeton University Press. pp. 2â3.
2654:
2407:". Historical geographical theories such as
2098:Smallpox decimated the native population of
13019:
10778:
9233:"Costa Rica § People and Society"
8934:"Kyrgyzstan § People and Society"
8556:
8217:
7485:, 2nd ed., Sage. "Imperialism" p. 23 (GIC).
7477:
7475:
7473:
7043:The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases
4930:
4893:
3080:: 74.3% Han Chinese, 13.5% Indigenous Malay
2828:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2255:) to transport the smallpox vaccine to the
1828:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1739:servility despite legislative prohibition.
1084:gained overseas territories after the 1898
1013:largely collapsed in the Americas with the
912:of Spain and Portugal between 1580 and 1640
638:
13012:
12998:
12236:
12222:
10343:
10329:
10186:
10116:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 448.
9462:"Nicaragua § People and Society"
9045:"Argentina § People and Society"
8396:The Other, Key Concepts in Human Geography
8389:
8387:
8385:
8383:
8381:
8157:Africa under Colonial Domination 1880â1935
7732:
6466:Dell, Melissa; Olken, Benjamin A. (2020).
6410:. Random House Publishing Group. pp.
5750:. Cambridge University Press. p. 14.
5538:
5023:
4105:
4103:
4101:
2211:influence of colonialism on Africans, the
1985:Community of Portuguese Language Countries
1508:, financed by shares that established the
1263:, or the operations of companies (such as
1080:fought for hegemony in South America. The
13077:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
12659:National Commission on Indigenous Peoples
9996:
9682:"Barbados § People and Society"
9347:
9209:"Columbia § People and Society"
9184:
8900:
8809:"Eswatini § People and Society"
8733:"Botswana § People and Society"
8712:
8426:
8261:
8051:Encyclopedia of International Development
7961:
7789:
7551:
7493:
7491:
7064:
7054:
6815:People on the Move: An Atlas of Migration
6759:People on the Move: An Atlas of Migration
6584:People on the Move: An Atlas of Migration
6508:
6493:
6483:
6465:
6132:"Come Back, Colonialism, All Is Forgiven"
6019:
5812:Raymond Leslie Buell, "Do Colonies Pay?"
5693:The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 1415â1825
5196:
4844:
4752:
4663:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4628:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4068:
4066:
4053:
4051:
3035:leaving Ireland, many in response to the
2848:Learn how and when to remove this message
2176:. Between 1736 and 1834 only some 10% of
1879:peoples and French-Canadians experienced
1848:Learn how and when to remove this message
358:The East Offering its Riches to Britannia
290:between 1945 and 1975. Colonialism has a
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
12649:National Institute of Indigenous Peoples
10350:
10106:
9706:"Bermuda § People and Society"
9615:"Uruguay § People and Society"
9321:"Ecuador § People and Society"
9069:"Bolivia § People and Society"
8647:"Naimbia § People and Society"
7470:
7391:, Gresham College | Lectures and Events.
6434:
6403:
6305:. New York: Modern Library. p. 45.
5687:
5685:
5594:
5395:
5370:
5247:Sabbagh-Khoury, Areej (March 15, 2022).
5174:
5033:Healy, Roisin; Dal Lago, Enrico (2014).
4806:
4621:
4377:
3687:
3586:
3424:
3389:(Spanish Ancestry): 3% of the population
3296:
3102:
3058:: 42.24% Han settlers, 44.96% Indigenous
3027:
3016:
2859:
2471:(as of 1910). At its height, it was the
2462:
2437:
2375:
2021:
1921:
1859:
1746:
1705:
1572:
1496:
1443:trade routes (white) established in 1568
1431:
1324:
1311:
1217:) in Eastern Europe in the early 1940s.
1176:
1168:
1106:
1047:
955:or conquered large extents of land. The
904:
717:
600:
454:
351:
122:
13082:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
12769:UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
11926:Reflections on the Revolution in France
9496:"Panama § People and Society"
9438:
9436:
9407:"Mexico § People and Society"
9093:"Brazil § People and Society"
8758:Migration and development co-operation.
8441:
8378:
8286:
8284:
8282:
8280:
8190:
7890:
7771:
7687:
7594:
7525:Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography
7516:
6878:. The National Archives, United Kingdom
6791:. New York: Modern Library. p. 6.
6330:. New York: Modern Library. p. 5.
5396:Casanova, Pablo Gonzalez (1965-04-01).
5014:
4775:
4554:10.1146/annurev.economics.050708.143336
4378:Abay, Robel Afeworki; Soldatic, Karen.
4257:
4181:The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology
4098:
4027:. Markus Weiner Publishers. p. x.
4016:
4014:
3928:European colonisation of Southeast Asia
3074:: 95â97% Han Taiwanese, 2.3% Indigenous
450:
13474:
12639:Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada
10171:European colonial expansion since 1871
10155:Colonialism and Imperialism, 1450â1950
8917:"Russians left behind in Central Asia"
8663:
8552:(Thesis) – via escholarship.org.
8345:
8232:
8167:
8165:
8135:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 271.
7864:
7645:
7522:
7488:
7481:"Painter, J. & Jeffrey, A., 2009.
7418:
6965:International Journal of Peace Studies
6958:
6920:DGES- Direção-Geral de Ensino Superior
6786:
6639:
6325:
6300:
6219:Mercy, Olumide, Yetunde (2016-10-06).
6068:from the original on 28 September 2022
5975:
5934:
5285:
5075:
4967:
4830:
4691:
4449:
4402:
4344:
4284:
4141:
4063:
4048:
4020:
2196:in the 1890s, is considered the first
2003:
1742:
1689:. On the other hand, British colonial
1257:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
970:The 17th century saw the birth of the
175:with that of the colonizers, possibly
12993:
12524:Lands inhabited by indigenous peoples
12423:Zapatista Army of National Liberation
12217:
10324:
10064:, 2010, retrieved: December 17, 2012.
9897:"Guam § People and Society"
9554:"Peru § People and Society"
9159:Cruz-Coke, R.; Moreno, R. S. (1994).
9116:FernĂĄndez, Francisco Lizcano (2007).
8222:. London: T. Cadell. pp. 343â84.
8159:. London: Heinemann, 1985. 11. Print.
8073:
8044:
7928:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 54.
7923:
7867:"The Settler Logics of (Outer) Space"
6677:
6289:Strabo's Geography Book II Chapter 5
6259:
6218:
6183:
6129:
5875:
5851:Kassymbekova, Botakoz (24 Jan 2023).
5682:
5634:Page, M.E.; Sonnenburg, P.M. (2003).
5565:
5545:. Singapore: NUS Press. p. 223.
5310:
5118:
4826:
4824:
3918:European colonization of the Americas
3086:: 22.9% Han Chinese, 69.7% Indigenous
3064:: disputed. 12.2% Han Chinese in the
2690:, in opposition to the principles of
2524:These paragraphs are an excerpt from
2518:
2242:
1960:After WWII 300,000 Dutchmen from the
1918:Post-independence population movement
1261:Central American Free Trade Agreement
1205:set up short-lived colonial systems (
1070:Russian colonization of North America
1015:Spanish American wars of independence
951:in 1492 through sea travel and built
893:in 1204, with the declaration of the
745:Native Americans in the United States
675:Notable examples in Asia include the
9433:
8755:De Azevedo, Raimondo Cagiano (1994)
8545:
8514:
8277:
8129:Henry Schwarz; Sangeeta Ray (2004).
8006:Painter, Joe; Jeffrey, Alex (2009).
7498:Nayak, Anoop; Jeffrey, Alex (2011).
7149:"New Zealand Historical Perspective"
6811:
6755:
6715:
6580:
6441:. Random House Publishing. pp.
5949:
5621:"John Gast, American Progress, 1872"
5597:Manifest Destiny: Westward Expansion
5442:
5375:. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE. p. 8.
5219:
4622:Lee, Alexander; Paine, Jack (2024).
4574:
4535:
4253:
4251:
4211:
4209:
4173:
4171:
4011:
3948:Historiography of the British Empire
3707:): 72% of the population, including
2826:adding citations to reliable sources
2793:
2267:a program was launched to propagate
2095:had no time to build such immunity.
1826:adding citations to reliable sources
1793:
1562:to work in African colonies such as
1366:, the creation of new institutions,
857:infiltrating the wealthy previously
306:. Some academics have used the term
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
12036:The End of History and the Last Man
11946:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
10313:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
10069:Colonialism: A Theoretical Overview
9488:
9313:
8784:Library of Congress Country Studies
8715:"Former settlers return to Algeria"
8293:Bulletin of the History of Medicine
8290:
8162:
8132:A Companion To Postcolonial Studies
7968:Key Concepts in Political Geography
7564:Key Concepts in Political Geography
7466:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
7037:Houston, C.S.; Houston, S. (2000).
6026:Key Concepts in Political Geography
5599:. Infobase Publishing. p. 19.
4937:Colonialism: A Theoretical Overview
4900:Colonialism: a theoretical overview
4769:
4117:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
3923:European colonization of Micronesia
3021:Indigenous Tibetans protesting the
2773:
2605:Russian imperialism and colonialism
1007:Rise of the "Second" British Empire
986:. It also saw the establishment of
424:Colonialism: A Theoretical Overview
398:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
13:
13155:International relations since 1989
13145:Diplomatic history of World War II
13067:International Criminal Court (ICC)
12799:Convention on Biological Diversity
10236:
10043:Ness, Immanuel and Zak Cope, eds.
9932:
9807:Martinique: People: Ethnic Groups.
8571:Singapore Department of Statistics
8393:
8181:, professor Daniel Klein, 1.7.2004
7901:10.1093/oso/9780192867452.003.0004
7865:Smiles, Deondre (March 11, 2024).
6364:. Vol. 1A. pp. 385â472.
6264:. U of Nebraska Press. p. 3.
6080:
4821:
4800:
4285:Jacobs, Margaret D. (2009-07-01).
4215:
4177:
2712:
2511:technologies, colonization of the
2488:
2055:alone, including the emperor, and
1936:Trinidadian and Tobagonian British
1088:, hence, the coining of the term "
14:
13503:
13451:International political sociology
12827:High Seas Treaty (BBNJ Agreement)
10283:
10232:, 2011, retrieved: June 13, 2012.
10166:, 2011, retrieved: July 13, 2011.
10071:, Princeton, NJ: M. Wiener, 1997.
9257:= 3.9 million whites and mestizos
8849:Russia â Coming In From the Cold?
8713:Laurenson, John (July 29, 2006).
7840:"Our deep sea is being colonised"
7743:The dictionary of human geography
5718:David Cody, "The British Empire"
4837:American Political Science Review
4321:Why Did Europe Conquer the World?
4248:
4206:
4168:
3868:Colonialism and the Olympic Games
3449:European Immigration to Argentina
2938:A Critique of Postcolonial Reason
2051:in the 1520s, killing 150,000 in
1691:administration in Southern Africa
1112:The Harmsworth atlas and Gazetter
766:Chronology of Western colonialism
383:Webster's Encyclopedic Dictionary
12966:
12965:
12679:Government of the Sakha Republic
12388:Indigenous Environmental Network
12269:Free, prior and informed consent
12006:The Open Society and Its Enemies
10301:
10289:
9919:
9889:
9871:
9847:
9833:
9819:
9800:
9775:
9747:
9722:
9698:
9674:
9650:
9631:
9607:
9570:
9546:
9522:
9454:
9399:
9375:
9289:
9260:
9225:
9201:
9152:
9136:
9109:
9085:
9061:
9037:
9013:
8997:
8973:
8950:
8926:
8878:
8865:
8841:
8825:
8801:
8789:
8772:
8749:
8725:
8706:
8672:Advances in Physiology Education
8639:
8615:
8596:
8584:
8539:
8484:
8435:
8427:Dahlgreen, Will (26 July 2014).
8420:
8402:
8366:
8339:
8273:from the original on 2019-04-30.
8211:
8184:
8149:
8122:
8105:How Europe Underdeveloped Africa
8095:
8067:
8038:
8024:
7917:
7765:
7681:
7639:
7588:
7455:
7412:
7394:
7375:
7357:
7332:
7314:
7296:Journal of Comparative Economics
7287:
7258:
7246:
7228:
7212:
7193:
7175:
7159:
7141:
7123:
7105:
7081:
7030:
7009:
6996:
6983:
6952:
6934:
6908:
6547:from the original on 2016-07-14.
5668:An Encyclopedia of World History
5349:from the original on 2018-05-18.
4345:Stoler, Ann Laura (1995-10-04).
4144:How Europe underdeveloped Africa
4110:Margaret Kohn (29 August 2017).
3806:
3781:: approx. 20% of the population.
3047:with significant populations of
2867:in the former British colony of
2798:
2526:Imperialism § Versus colonialism
1798:
1789:
1532:Slavery and indentured servitude
205:. European colonialism employed
25:
13446:International political economy
12953:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
12815:Fair Access and Benefit-Sharing
12499:Dakota Access Pipeline protests
10813:Family as a model for the state
9984:Scandinavian Journal of History
9879:"American FactFinder â Results"
8959:The Kyrgyz â Children of Manas.
8546:Tsai, Lin-chin (May 10, 2019).
8349:The "Racial" Economy of Science
7791:10.25120/etropic.17.2.2018.3658
7209:, TIMEasia.com, 21 August 2000.
6890:
6868:
6852:
6836:
6805:
6780:
6749:
6709:
6671:
6633:
6605:
6551:
6502:
6459:
6428:
6397:
6319:
6294:
6281:
6253:
6212:
6177:
6168:
6123:
6050:
6004:
5978:Journal of Global South Studies
5969:
5943:
5928:
5903:
5869:
5844:
5828:
5819:
5806:
5790:
5777:
5764:
5739:
5726:
5711:
5698:
5673:
5660:
5613:
5588:
5559:
5532:
5495:
5471:
5436:
5389:
5364:
5353:
5304:
5279:
5240:
5222:Jewish Political Studies Review
5213:
5168:
5128:Sociology of Race and Ethnicity
5112:
5069:
5051:
5008:
4961:
4924:
4887:
4861:
4720:
4685:
4650:
4615:
4568:
4529:
4490:
4443:
4409:International Studies Quarterly
4396:
4311:
4190:10.1002/9781405165518.wbeosc071
3913:European colonization of Africa
3575:: approx. 20% of the population
3559:: approx. 80% of the population
3429:Italian immigrants arriving in
2682:. Their philosophies found the
2251:Crown organised a mission (the
1697:and fed into the philosophy of
1681:British colonising activity in
1281:
1102:
1052:Map of colonial empires in 1800
1025:. Starting with the end of the
36:needs additional citations for
13492:International relations theory
12863:2009 Peruvian political crisis
12373:Congress of Aboriginal Peoples
12163:Separation of church and state
12061:Collectivism and individualism
12016:The Origins of Totalitarianism
9827:"Fact Sheet on St. Barthélemy"
9272:Censo de PoblaciĂłn y Viviendas
8890:". Moya Flynn. (1994). p. 15.
8327:Fausto-Sterling, Anne (2001).
7421:The Journal of African History
6876:"British Nationality Act 1981"
6472:The Review of Economic Studies
5937:Colonialism and Neocolonialism
5445:History of Education Quarterly
5311:Atran, Scott (November 1989).
4264:. Princeton University Press.
4135:
3893:Decolonization of the Americas
3823:African independence movements
3305:, present-day Kazakhstan, 1911
2990:
2674:, John Bright, Henry Richard,
2503:With contemporary advances in
2117:are estimated to have died of
2043:Half the native population of
1296:Zionism as settler colonialism
1114:1908 European colonization map
932:(1394â1460) became central to
821:Beginning in the 7th century,
347:
1:
12694:Council of Indigenous Peoples
12203:Category:Political philosophy
12076:Critique of political economy
10230:Institute of European History
10164:Institute of European History
10062:Institute of European History
10005:LeCour Grandmaison, Olivier:
9998:10.1080/03468755.2016.1210880
8333:The Gender and Science Reader
8254:10.1525/ae.1989.16.4.02a00030
8195:. In Benjamin, Thomas (ed.).
7567:. London: Sage. p. 392.
7255:. CBC News. December 2, 2008.
7200:Meeting the First Inhabitants
6646:. Auckland University Press.
6518:Comparative Political Studies
6509:Mattingly, Daniel C. (2017).
6370:10.1016/S1574-0684(05)01006-3
6260:Miles, William F. S. (2014).
5568:"Gender, Race, and Sexuality"
5539:Bosma, U.; Raben, R. (2008).
5332:10.1525/ae.1989.16.4.02a00070
5119:Glenn, Evelyn Nakano (2015).
5063:Association for Asian Studies
4004:
3434:
3275:(UK): predominantly European.
3002:
2457:Dictionary of Human Geography
2423:) viz a viz a combination of
2203:According to a 2021 study by
2091:to these diseases, while the
1236:. In 1960, the UN issued the
324:Colonization § Etymology
249:, among others, resulting in
13414:Related fields and subfields
12878:Expulsion of the Chagossians
12101:Institutional discrimination
12096:History of political thought
10828:Negative and positive rights
10074:Page, Melvin E. et al. eds.
9143:Informe LatinobarĂłmetro 2011
8761:. Council of Europe. p. 25.
7272:. 2012-05-30. Archived from
6198:10.1080/02757206.2012.697060
4974:American Sociological Review
4776:Stanard, Matthew G. (2018).
4456:American Sociological Review
3848:Christianity and colonialism
3657:: mostly of British descent.
3477:): 60â70% of the population.
3110:family in South Africa, 1886
3043:Nations and regions outside
2365:
1934:is a celebration led by the
1424:, Persian silk to India and
1189:(1914â1918), the victorious
1005:(1775â1783), initiating the
980:English overseas possessions
895:acquisition of three octaves
865:islands and lands. European
770:
313:
272:was developed by developing
7:
12674:Government of Bashkortostan
12539:American Indian reservation
12408:Native American Rights Fund
12111:Justification for the state
11896:Two Treatises of Government
9907:Central Intelligence Agency
9865:Central Intelligence Agency
9765:Central Intelligence Agency
9716:Central Intelligence Agency
9692:Central Intelligence Agency
9668:Central Intelligence Agency
9625:Central Intelligence Agency
9564:Central Intelligence Agency
9540:Central Intelligence Agency
9506:Central Intelligence Agency
9472:Central Intelligence Agency
9417:Central Intelligence Agency
9393:Central Intelligence Agency
9365:Central Intelligence Agency
9331:Central Intelligence Agency
9307:Central Intelligence Agency
9243:Central Intelligence Agency
9219:Central Intelligence Agency
9165:Journal of Medical Genetics
9103:Central Intelligence Agency
9079:Central Intelligence Agency
9055:Central Intelligence Agency
8991:Central Intelligence Agency
8944:Central Intelligence Agency
8819:Central Intelligence Agency
8743:Central Intelligence Agency
8657:Central Intelligence Agency
8633:Central Intelligence Agency
8233:Stoler, Ann L. (Nov 1989).
7667:10.3138/E635-7827-1757-9T53
6898:"The Francophonie in Brief"
6622:The New York Times Magazine
6362:Handbook of Economic Growth
4287:White Mother to a Dark Race
3998:Western imperialism in Asia
3799:
2757:
2026:Aztecs dying of smallpox, (
1889:Conscription crisis of 1917
1510:first modern stock exchange
1381:Economy, trade and commerce
869:set up colonial regimes in
816:
617:Republic of China in Taiwan
173:replace an existing society
10:
13508:
13456:Peace and conflict studies
13072:Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
12629:Fundação Nacional do Ăndio
10781:Bellum omnium contra omnes
10279:(1542, published in 1552).
10137:, Créaphis, 480 p., 2018 (
10021:Exterminate All The Brutes
9034:. Retrieved on 2007-03-08.
9004:Tajikistan â Ethnic Groups
7926:Empire, colony, postcolony
7131:"Smallpox Through History"
6435:Freedman, Estelle (2002).
6404:Freedman, Estelle (2002).
6130:Perry, Alex (2008-02-14).
6101:10.1057/s41311-021-00328-x
5935:Sartre, Jean-Paul (2001).
5286:Murray, Martin J. (1980).
4542:Annual Review of Economics
4318:Philip T. Hoffman (2015).
4079:Collins English Dictionary
3006:
2921:Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak
2787:
2777:
2556:
2523:
2492:
2369:
2207:and Laura Maravall on the
2077:Native American population
2007:
1906:in August 1947 led to the
1904:Partition of British India
1535:
1305:
1195:League of Nations mandates
1003:American Revolutionary War
930:Prince Henry the Navigator
755:
751:
642:
378:Collins English Dictionary
367:British East India Company
332:rooted in the Latin word "
317:
13413:
13365:
13163:
13120:
13095:
13049:
13040:
13027:
12961:
12845:
12782:
12757:
12714:
12606:
12599:
12440:
12363:Assembly of First Nations
12348:
12256:
12198:
12048:
11817:
11465:
11198:
11078:
10997:
10909:
10900:
10766:
10600:
10529:
10358:
10260:The Wretched of the Earth
10180:(1922), worldwide; 922pp
10083:Brazza, A Life for Africa
8780:Ivory Coast â The Economy
8603:Ethnic groups by country.
8049:. In Forsyth, Tim (ed.).
8047:"colonialism, history of"
7976:10.4135/9781446279496.n13
7964:"Colonialism/Imperialism"
7433:10.1017/s0021853700030942
7308:10.1016/j.jce.2021.01.001
7253:Cholera's seven pandemics
7187:October 20, 2014, at the
6034:10.4135/9781446279496.n13
6022:"Colonialism/Imperialism"
5640:. ABC-CLIO. p. 421.
5623:. Picturing U.S. History.
5189:10.1080/13688790701488155
5078:American Indian Quarterly
4846:10.1017/S0003055424000388
4384:Routledge & CRC Press
4349:. Duke University Press.
4258:McNamee, Lachlan (2023).
3938:German eastward expansion
3933:French law on colonialism
3134:): 5.8% of the population
2655:Liberalism and capitalism
2425:environmental determinism
2409:environmental determinism
2294:
2283:in many countries due to
2010:Globalisation and disease
1710:Planting the sugar cane,
1506:multinational corporation
1393:, by the time of emperor
1301:
1029:European authors such as
992:Swedish overseas colonies
982:, which later became the
900:
897:of the Byzantine Empire.
365:for the boardroom of the
288:aftermath of World War II
16:Control by foreign groups
12853:ChechenâRussian conflict
12704:Bureau of Indian Affairs
11986:The Revolt of the Masses
10178:Colonial tariff policies
10176:U.S. Tariff Commission.
9963:(2009) popular history;
9841:"Trinidad French Creole"
9771:(Archived 2006 edition.)
9518:(Archived 2007 edition.)
9484:(Archived 2007 edition.)
9429:(Archived 2010 edition.)
9371:(Archived 2021 edition.)
9343:(Archived 2007 edition.)
9255:(Archived 2007 edition.)
9008:U.S. Library of Congress
8684:10.1152/advan.00069.2005
8191:Hidalgo, Dennis (2007).
8172:Liberal Anti-Imperialism
7962:Gilmartin, Mary (2009).
7648:"Deconstructing the Map"
6787:Pagden, Anthony (2003).
6530:10.1177/0010414015600465
6326:Pagden, Anthony (2003).
6301:Pagden, Anthony (2003).
6186:History and Anthropology
6020:Gilmartin, Mary (2009).
5916:. Brill. pp. 7â22.
5798:Colonial tariff policies
5595:Mountjoy, Shane (2009).
5574:. Equinox. p. 163.
5512:Harvard University Press
5371:Gabbidon, Shaun (2010).
5265:10.1177/0032329221999906
5140:10.1177/2332649214560440
4692:Herbst, Jeffrey (2000).
4503:American Economic Review
3793:: 9â5% of the population
3759:): 35% of the population
3749:): 78% of the population
3739:): 90% of the population
3651:): 80% of the population
3609:): 42% of the population
3585:): 88% of the population
3569:): 15% of the population
3503:): 65% of the population
3487:): 37% of the population
3467:): 47% of the population
3346:): 30% of the population
2929:(1998) gave its name to
2926:Can the Subaltern Speak?
2882:Many practitioners take
2279:due to lessening of the
2233:widespread cattle deaths
2102:, killing around 50% of
1577:Slave traders in Gorée,
1502:Dutch East India Company
1441:Manila-Acapulco galleons
1348:unequal social relations
988:Danish overseas colonies
881:(12th century onwards).
877:, 1097â1291) and in the
639:Socio-cultural evolution
565:. This form consists of
559:Exploitation colonialism
477:exploitation colonialism
13431:Foreign policy analysis
13243:International community
13021:International relations
12898:Little Danes experiment
12684:Government of Tatarstan
12351:political organizations
11966:The Communist Manifesto
10892:Tyranny of the majority
10803:Consent of the governed
10271:Las Casas, Bartolomé de
10226:European History Online
10169:Townsend, Mary Evelyn.
10160:European History Online
10058:European History Online
9938:Albertini, Rudolf von.
9448:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
9444:"Mexico: Ethnic Groups"
8074:Sunga, Lyal S. (1997).
8045:Watts, Michael (2005).
7545:10.1111/1467-9493.00060
7182:Fiji School of Medicine
7002:Alfred W. Crosby, Jr.,
6678:Firth, Raymond (1929).
5746:Dina Gusejnova (2016).
5666:Peter N. Stearns, ed.,
5566:Gouda, Frances (2008).
5015:Olusoga, David (2010).
4831:Sultan, Nazmul (2024).
4593:10.1126/science.aaz9986
4142:Rodney, Walter (2018).
3993:Stranger King (Concept)
3775:: 25% of the population
3769:) 10% of the population
3747:European New Zealanders
3669:: 12% of the population
3663:: 12% of the population
3641:: 34% of the population
3635:): 4% of the population
3625:: 12% of the population
3553:: 10% of the population
3547:: 17% of the population
3527:: 12% of the population
3509:: 16% of the population
3493:: 83% of the population
3457:: 15% of the population
3360:): 6% of the population
3066:Tibet Autonomous Region
2959:Phenomenology of Spirit
2790:Dutch Indies literature
2784:Postcolonial literature
2680:William Ewart Gladstone
2348:Georg Eberhard Rumphius
2265:Mountstuart Elphinstone
1977:Commonwealth of Nations
1893:Sepoy Rebellion of 1857
1782:and others. The use of
1753:First Anglo-Ashanti War
1437:Portuguese trade routes
1181:Imperial powers in 1945
1031:Johann Gottfried Herder
1023:Belgian colonial empire
320:Colony § Etymology
12883:High Arctic relocation
12785:Declarations of Rights
12482:Cultural appropriation
12413:Survival International
10843:
10793:Clash of civilizations
10779:
10294:Quotations related to
10221:European Overseas Rule
10133:Schill, Pierre :
9945:Benjamin, Thomas, ed.
9730:"Canadian Census 2006"
8442:Maunier, René (1949).
8102:Walter Rodney (1972).
7924:Young, Robert (2015).
7646:Harley, J. B. (1989).
7205:June 22, 2011, at the
6989:Kenneth F. Kiple, ed.
6959:Seljuq, Affan (1997).
6812:King, Russell (2010).
6756:King, Russell (2010).
6640:Petrie, Hazel (2015).
6581:King, Russell (2010).
6089:International Politics
5816:, August 1, 1936 p 6 ]
5253:Politics & Society
4968:Strang, David (1990).
4450:Strang, David (1990).
4403:Strang, David (1991).
4222:Social Science History
4021:Tignor, Roger (2005).
3787:: 7% of the population
3696:
3686:: 1% of the population
3675:: 5% of the population
3598:
3521:: 1% of the population
3515:: 7% of the population
3440:
3340:Russians in Kazakhstan
3306:
3281:: 3% of the population
3176:: 3% of the population
3132:European South African
3111:
3040:
3025:
2988:
2871:
2625:
2476:
2443:
2413:Ellen Churchill Semple
2384:
2247:As early as 1803, the
2166:first cholera pandemic
2104:indigenous Australians
2033:
1939:
1872:
1869:Lord Pethwick-Lawrence
1756:
1715:
1582:
1560:brought African slaves
1513:
1444:
1430:
1339:
1322:
1182:
1174:
1115:
1053:
1019:German colonial empire
976:French colonial empire
936:, and helped fuel the
913:
758:History of colonialism
748:
610:
571:colonization of Africa
464:
437:
369:
148:
12888:Human rights in Tibet
12615:Aotearoa-New Zealand
12509:Fortress conservation
12311:Traditional knowledge
12274:Intellectual property
10808:Divine right of kings
10201:10.1353/imp.2002.0070
10067:Osterhammel, JĂŒrgen:
10047:(2 vol 2015), 1456 pp
9816:World Factbook of CIA
7328:on December 23, 2004.
6716:Lowe, Joshua (2014).
6485:10.1093/restud/rdz017
6064:. 27 September 2022.
5990:10.1353/gss.2019.0004
5834:G.M. Gathorne-Hardy,
5783:Melvin E. Page, ed.,
5732:Melvin E. Page, ed.,
5704:Thomas Benjamin, ed.
4784:John Wiley & Sons
4669:10.1017/9781009115223
4634:10.1017/9781009423526
4575:Nunn, Nathan (2020).
4536:Nunn, Nathan (2009).
4515:10.1257/aer.91.5.1369
4184:(1 ed.). Wiley.
3691:
3594:of German descent in
3590:
3428:
3344:Germans of Kazakhstan
3300:
3158:Europeans in Zimbabwe
3106:
3031:
3023:Sinicization of Tibet
3020:
3007:Further information:
2983:
2877:postmodern literature
2865:Queen Victoria Street
2863:
2788:Further information:
2705:The Wealth of Nations
2616:
2603:a renewed version of
2493:Further information:
2466:
2441:
2379:
2370:Further information:
2025:
1928:Notting Hill Carnival
1925:
1908:Independence of India
1863:
1750:
1709:
1657:British North America
1576:
1568:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
1536:Further information:
1500:
1439:(blue) and the rival
1435:
1411:
1333:
1315:
1180:
1172:
1110:
1051:
957:Treaty of Tordesillas
908:
793:colonies in antiquity
721:
643:Further information:
604:
494:involves large-scale
481:surrogate colonialism
458:
432:
355:
126:
13421:Comparative politics
12912:Residential schools
12858:Sri Lankan Civil War
12600:Legal representation
12569:Urban Indian reserve
12458:Internal colonialism
12349:Non-governmental and
12304:in the United States
11956:Democracy in America
11335:political philosophy
11318:political philosophy
11133:political philosophy
10962:political philosophy
10872:Separation of powers
10833:Night-watchman state
10818:Monopoly on violence
10352:Political philosophy
10152:Stuchtey, Benedikt:
9588:(38). UAEM, MĂ©xico.
9177:10.1136/jmg.31.9.702
8242:American Ethnologist
8218:Smith, Adam (1811).
7970:. pp. 115â123.
6613:Hannah-Jones, Nikole
6028:. pp. 115â123.
5922:10.1163/j.ctt1w8h2zm
5320:American Ethnologist
5177:Postcolonial Studies
5019:. Faber & Faber.
4733:The Economic Journal
4355:10.2307/j.ctv11319d6
3903:Direct colonial rule
3883:Cultural colonialism
3873:Coloniality of power
3737:European Australians
3727:Europeans in Oceania
3421:White Latin American
3301:Russian settlers in
2964:Western civilisation
2822:improve this section
2568:capital accumulation
2417:Ellsworth Huntington
2336:Christopher Columbus
2269:smallpox vaccination
2261:smallpox vaccination
1989:Dutch Language Union
1912:creation of Pakistan
1822:improve this section
1765:Philip II of Macedon
1591:Colonial destination
1538:Atlantic slave trade
1220:In the aftermath of
1090:American imperialism
1086:SpanishâAmerican War
689:Eurasian Singaporean
658:Cultural colonialism
645:Coloniality of power
593:Internal colonialism
485:internal colonialism
451:Types of colonialism
296:economic development
154:is the exploitation
45:improve this article
13203:Collective security
13087:United Nations (UN)
12463:Settler colonialism
12146:Right-wing politics
12026:A Theory of Justice
11996:The Road to Serfdom
11916:The Social Contract
10623:Christian democracy
9959:Cotterell, Arthur.
9952:Cooper, Frederick.
9450:. 23 February 2024.
8923:, 23 November 2005.
8008:Political Geography
7871:Society & Space
7818:Greenpeace Aotearoa
7702:1994GeoRv..84..316B
7690:Geographical Review
7609:1994GeoRv..84..316B
7597:Geographical Review
7537:2000SJTG...21....6A
7483:Political Geography
7225:, January 15, 2008.
7056:10.1155/2000/782978
6789:Peoples and Empires
6722:. GRIN. p. 2.
6615:(August 14, 2019).
6328:Peoples and Empires
6303:Peoples and Empires
5939:. Psychology Press.
5814:The Saturday Review
5457:10.1017/heq.2020.25
4932:Osterhammel, JĂŒrgen
4895:Osterhammel, JĂŒrgen
4234:10.1017/ssh.2023.37
4216:Go, Julian (2024).
4122:Stanford University
3843:Chinese imperialism
3713:Non-Hispanic Whites
3684:Trinidad and Tobago
3403:Indian subcontinent
3122:Europeans in Africa
3009:Settler colonialism
2728:comparative anatomy
2684:colonial enterprise
2431:in their approach.
2137:killed over 40,000
2004:Introduced diseases
1769:Alexander the Great
1743:Military innovation
1733:Scramble for Africa
1721:Indentured servants
1672:American Revolution
1504:was the first-ever
1292:Chinese imperialism
1288:Russian imperialism
1214:Generalgouvernement
1208:Reichskommissariate
1157:extraterritoriality
1097:Scramble for Africa
1039:Heinrich von Kleist
1035:August von Kotzebue
747:from their homeland
652:residential schools
583:Mandatory Palestine
492:Settler colonialism
473:settler colonialism
211:chartered companies
169:settler colonialism
13487:Cultural geography
12948:Stolen Generations
12749:BBNJ ABS Committee
12504:Discovery doctrine
12448:Civilizing mission
12289:Self-determination
12158:Political violence
12153:Political theology
12136:Left-wing politics
12131:Political spectrum
9902:The World Factbook
9860:The World Factbook
9812:2018-09-11 at the
9760:The World Factbook
9711:The World Factbook
9687:The World Factbook
9663:The World Factbook
9643:2017-12-03 at the
9620:The World Factbook
9559:The World Factbook
9535:The World Factbook
9501:The World Factbook
9467:The World Factbook
9412:The World Factbook
9388:The World Factbook
9367:. 19 October 2021.
9360:The World Factbook
9326:The World Factbook
9302:The World Factbook
9238:The World Factbook
9214:The World Factbook
9098:The World Factbook
9074:The World Factbook
9050:The World Factbook
9026:2007-12-08 at the
8986:The World Factbook
8939:The World Factbook
8862:, 23 February 2004
8854:2011-07-15 at the
8814:The World Factbook
8738:The World Factbook
8652:The World Factbook
8628:The World Factbook
8608:2019-01-06 at the
8177:2011-09-22 at the
7696:(3): 322, 324â25.
7387:2008-12-07 at the
7369:2012-04-16 at the
7242:. 15 January 2008.
7223:The New York Times
7027:, David A. Koplow.
7023:2008-09-07 at the
6564:2014-10-09 at the
5956:www.britannica.com
5950:Halperin, Sandra.
5720:The Victorians Web
5691:Charles R. Boxer,
5502:Auslin, Michael R.
5483:www.historians.org
5414:10.1007/BF02800542
5090:10.1353/aiq.0.0054
4745:10.1111/ecoj.12595
4739:(619): 1048â1081.
3853:Civilising mission
3697:
3649:European Canadians
3599:
3507:Dominican Republic
3441:
3307:
3289:European Tunisians
3243:Franco-Seychellois
3204:European Moroccans
3184:Europeans in Kenya
3142:European Namibians
3112:
3041:
3026:
2944:(such as those of
2872:
2660:Classical liberals
2580:self-determination
2548:The Soviet leader
2519:Versus imperialism
2499:Space colonization
2495:Ocean colonization
2477:
2444:
2385:
2344:Hendrik van Rheede
2243:Countering disease
2178:East India Company
2093:indigenous peoples
2034:
2014:Columbian Exchange
1940:
1873:
1780:Aztec civilisation
1757:
1716:
1583:
1542:Indentured servant
1514:
1448:Aztec civilisation
1445:
1340:
1323:
1316:A 1904 cartoon by
1247:" originated from
1183:
1175:
1116:
1054:
914:
885:began to dominate
749:
611:
465:
420:JĂŒrgen Osterhammel
418:In his preface to
370:
259:civilizing mission
213:, and established
181:native populations
177:towards a genocide
149:
147:, Bengal, in 1665)
13469:
13468:
13441:International law
13310:Right of conquest
13275:National interest
13218:Deterrence theory
13116:
13115:
13103:League of Nations
12987:
12986:
12972:Indigenous rights
12841:
12840:
12774:Indigenous Caucus
12715:Intergovernmental
12564:Russian republics
12534:Autonomous okrugs
12383:Cultural Survival
12211:
12210:
12121:Philosophy of law
12066:Conflict theories
11906:The Spirit of Law
11813:
11812:
10862:Original position
10248:Heart of Darkness
10218:Wendt, Reinhard:
10143:978-2-35428-141-0
10110:, Andres (2016).
10091:978-1-4259-1198-0
10081:Petringa, Maria,
10029:978-1-56584-359-2
10019:Lindqvist, Sven:
9905:(2024 ed.).
9863:(2024 ed.).
9763:(2024 ed.).
9714:(2024 ed.).
9690:(2024 ed.).
9666:(2024 ed.).
9623:(2024 ed.).
9603:on June 26, 2013.
9562:(2024 ed.).
9538:(2024 ed.).
9504:(2024 ed.).
9470:(2024 ed.).
9415:(2024 ed.).
9391:(2024 ed.).
9363:(2024 ed.).
9329:(2024 ed.).
9305:(2024 ed.).
9241:(2024 ed.).
9217:(2024 ed.).
9129:978-970-757-052-8
9101:(2024 ed.).
9077:(2024 ed.).
9053:(2024 ed.).
9032:Statistical Table
8989:(2024 ed.).
8942:(2024 ed.).
8915:Robert Greenall,
8817:(2024 ed.).
8741:(2024 ed.).
8655:(2024 ed.).
8631:(2024 ed.).
8455:978-1-136-24522-0
8416:. 24 August 2016.
8359:978-0-253-20810-1
8193:"Anticolonialism"
8142:978-0-470-99833-5
8115:978-9966-25-113-8
8017:978-1-4462-4435-7
7935:978-1-4051-9355-9
7910:978-0-19-286745-2
7758:978-1-4051-3288-6
7574:978-1-4129-4672-8
7559:Gallaher, Carolyn
7509:978-0-13-222824-4
7155:on June 12, 2010.
6829:978-0-520-26124-2
6798:978-0-8129-6761-6
6773:978-0-520-26124-2
6598:978-0-520-26124-2
6452:978-0-345-45053-1
6421:978-0-345-45053-1
6337:978-0-8129-6761-6
6312:978-0-8129-6761-6
6271:978-0-8032-6771-8
6232:978-9956-763-68-9
5647:978-1-57607-335-3
5581:978-979-3780-62-7
5552:978-9971-69-373-2
5520:978-0-674-01521-0
5382:978-1-4129-4988-0
5044:978-1-137-45075-3
4947:978-1-55876-340-1
4910:978-1-55876-340-1
4793:978-1-119-13013-0
4705:978-0-691-16414-4
4678:978-1-009-10037-3
4643:978-1-009-42353-3
4364:978-0-8223-7771-9
4331:978-1-4008-6584-0
4296:978-0-8032-1100-1
4271:978-0-691-23781-7
4199:978-1-4051-2433-1
4153:978-1-78873-119-5
4034:978-1-55876-340-1
3983:Right of conquest
3908:Empire of Liberty
3838:Chartered company
3705:European American
3567:European Peruvian
3397:Russians in China
3263:Italian Eritreans
2931:Subaltern Studies
2858:
2857:
2850:
2323:Sassafras albidum
2273:sleeping sickness
2253:Balmis expedition
2221:sleeping sickness
2182:Waldemar Haffkine
2065:Massachusetts Bay
1962:Dutch East Indies
1955:Dutch West Indies
1858:
1857:
1850:
1676:Thirteen Colonies
1664:
1663:
1613:British Caribbean
1599:Portuguese Empire
1467:James A. Robinson
1336:Dutch East Indies
1331:
1265:Royal Dutch Shell
1058:Habsburg monarchy
1027:French Revolution
1009:(1783â1815). The
1001:started with the
978:, as well as the
965:Portuguese Empire
805:Greek city-states
777:ancient Egyptians
724:American Progress
705:Dutch East Indies
670:Southern Rhodesia
607:Kingston, Jamaica
587:Colony of Liberia
292:persistent impact
263:Christian mission
121:
120:
113:
95:
13499:
13461:Security studies
13253:Internationality
13248:Internationalism
13047:
13046:
13014:
13007:
13000:
12991:
12990:
12969:
12968:
12903:Mapuche conflict
12873:Chiapas conflict
12868:Alta controversy
12846:Historical cases
12604:
12603:
12586:Rainbow Warriors
12576:Manifest destiny
12264:Ancestral domain
12238:
12231:
12224:
12215:
12214:
12126:Political ethics
12116:Machiavellianism
12056:Authoritarianism
12041:
12031:
12021:
12011:
12001:
11991:
11981:
11971:
11961:
11951:
11941:
11931:
11921:
11911:
11901:
11891:
11881:
11871:
11861:
11851:
11841:
11831:
10907:
10906:
10848:
10784:
10774:Balance of power
10748:Social democracy
10743:Social Darwinism
10718:Multiculturalism
10663:Environmentalism
10638:Communitarianism
10345:
10338:
10331:
10322:
10321:
10317:
10308:Zalta, Edward N.
10302:Kohn, Margaret.
10293:
10265:Jean-Paul Sartre
10212:
10127:
10009:, Fayard, 2005,
10002:
10000:
9991:(4â5): 475â494.
9926:
9923:
9911:
9910:
9893:
9887:
9886:
9881:. Archived from
9875:
9869:
9868:
9851:
9845:
9844:
9837:
9831:
9830:
9823:
9817:
9804:
9798:
9797:
9795:
9794:
9785:. Archived from
9779:
9773:
9768:
9751:
9745:
9744:
9742:
9741:
9732:. Archived from
9726:
9720:
9719:
9702:
9696:
9695:
9678:
9672:
9671:
9654:
9648:
9635:
9629:
9628:
9611:
9605:
9604:
9602:
9596:. Archived from
9583:
9574:
9568:
9567:
9550:
9544:
9543:
9526:
9520:
9515:
9513:
9512:
9492:
9486:
9481:
9479:
9478:
9458:
9452:
9451:
9440:
9431:
9426:
9424:
9423:
9403:
9397:
9396:
9379:
9373:
9368:
9351:
9345:
9340:
9338:
9337:
9317:
9311:
9310:
9293:
9287:
9286:
9284:
9283:
9264:
9258:
9252:
9250:
9249:
9229:
9223:
9222:
9205:
9199:
9198:
9188:
9156:
9150:
9140:
9134:
9133:
9113:
9107:
9106:
9089:
9083:
9082:
9065:
9059:
9058:
9041:
9035:
9017:
9011:
9001:
8995:
8994:
8977:
8971:
8954:
8948:
8947:
8930:
8924:
8913:
8898:
8882:
8876:
8873:Siberian Germans
8869:
8863:
8845:
8839:
8836:Encyclopedia.com
8829:
8823:
8822:
8805:
8799:
8793:
8787:
8776:
8770:
8753:
8747:
8746:
8729:
8723:
8722:
8710:
8704:
8703:
8667:
8661:
8660:
8643:
8637:
8636:
8619:
8613:
8600:
8594:
8588:
8582:
8581:
8579:
8577:
8568:
8560:
8554:
8553:
8543:
8537:
8536:
8534:
8533:
8518:
8512:
8511:
8509:
8507:
8496:www.fmprc.gov.cn
8488:
8482:
8481:
8464:
8462:
8439:
8433:
8432:
8424:
8418:
8417:
8406:
8400:
8399:
8394:Mountz, Alison.
8391:
8376:
8370:
8364:
8363:
8343:
8337:
8336:
8324:
8309:
8308:
8288:
8275:
8274:
8272:
8265:
8239:
8230:
8224:
8223:
8215:
8209:
8208:
8206:
8204:
8188:
8182:
8169:
8160:
8155:Boahen, A. Adu.
8153:
8147:
8146:
8126:
8120:
8119:
8099:
8093:
8091:
8071:
8065:
8064:
8042:
8036:
8035:
8028:
8022:
8021:
8010:(2nd ed.).
8003:
7990:
7989:
7959:
7948:
7947:
7921:
7915:
7914:
7888:
7882:
7881:
7879:
7877:
7862:
7856:
7855:
7853:
7851:
7836:
7830:
7829:
7827:
7825:
7810:
7804:
7803:
7793:
7769:
7763:
7762:
7746:
7736:
7730:
7729:
7685:
7679:
7678:
7652:
7643:
7637:
7636:
7592:
7586:
7585:
7583:
7581:
7555:
7549:
7548:
7520:
7514:
7513:
7495:
7486:
7479:
7468:
7467:
7459:
7453:
7452:
7416:
7410:
7409:
7406:WHO Media centre
7398:
7392:
7379:
7373:
7361:
7355:
7354:
7352:
7351:
7342:. Archived from
7336:
7330:
7329:
7324:. Archived from
7318:
7312:
7311:
7291:
7285:
7284:
7282:
7281:
7262:
7256:
7250:
7244:
7243:
7232:
7226:
7216:
7210:
7197:
7191:
7179:
7173:
7163:
7157:
7156:
7151:. Archived from
7145:
7139:
7138:
7133:. Archived from
7127:
7121:
7120:
7119:on May 10, 2008.
7115:. Archived from
7109:
7103:
7102:
7100:
7099:
7085:
7079:
7078:
7068:
7058:
7034:
7028:
7013:
7007:
7000:
6994:
6987:
6981:
6980:
6956:
6950:
6949:
6938:
6932:
6931:
6929:
6927:
6912:
6906:
6905:
6894:
6888:
6887:
6885:
6883:
6872:
6866:
6856:
6850:
6840:
6834:
6833:
6809:
6803:
6802:
6784:
6778:
6777:
6753:
6747:
6746:
6738:
6736:
6713:
6707:
6706:
6700:
6698:
6675:
6669:
6668:
6662:
6660:
6637:
6631:
6630:
6609:
6603:
6602:
6578:
6569:
6555:
6549:
6548:
6546:
6515:
6506:
6500:
6499:
6497:
6487:
6463:
6457:
6456:
6432:
6426:
6425:
6401:
6395:
6394:
6392:
6391:
6382:. Archived from
6353:
6342:
6341:
6323:
6317:
6316:
6298:
6292:
6285:
6279:
6278:
6257:
6251:
6250:
6244:
6236:
6225:. Langaa RPCIG.
6216:
6210:
6209:
6181:
6175:
6172:
6166:
6163:
6154:
6153:
6151:
6150:
6127:
6121:
6120:
6084:
6078:
6077:
6075:
6073:
6054:
6048:
6047:
6017:
6011:
6008:
6002:
6001:
5973:
5967:
5966:
5964:
5962:
5947:
5941:
5940:
5932:
5926:
5925:
5907:
5901:
5900:
5898:
5896:
5873:
5867:
5866:
5864:
5863:
5848:
5842:
5838:(4th ed. 1950),
5832:
5826:
5823:
5817:
5810:
5804:
5794:
5788:
5781:
5775:
5768:
5762:
5761:
5743:
5737:
5730:
5724:
5715:
5709:
5702:
5696:
5689:
5680:
5677:
5671:
5670:(2001) pp 21â238
5664:
5658:
5657:
5655:
5654:
5631:
5625:
5624:
5617:
5611:
5610:
5592:
5586:
5585:
5563:
5557:
5556:
5536:
5530:
5499:
5493:
5492:
5490:
5489:
5475:
5469:
5468:
5440:
5434:
5433:
5393:
5387:
5386:
5368:
5362:
5357:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5317:
5308:
5302:
5301:
5283:
5277:
5276:
5244:
5238:
5237:
5217:
5211:
5210:
5200:
5172:
5166:
5165:
5163:
5162:
5156:
5150:. Archived from
5125:
5116:
5110:
5109:
5073:
5067:
5066:
5055:
5049:
5048:
5030:
5021:
5020:
5012:
5006:
5005:
4965:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4954:
4928:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4917:
4891:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4880:
4865:
4859:
4858:
4848:
4828:
4819:
4818:
4804:
4798:
4797:
4773:
4767:
4766:
4756:
4724:
4718:
4717:
4689:
4683:
4682:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4619:
4613:
4612:
4572:
4566:
4565:
4533:
4527:
4526:
4509:(5): 1369â1401.
4494:
4488:
4487:
4447:
4441:
4440:
4400:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4375:
4369:
4368:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4315:
4309:
4308:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4255:
4246:
4245:
4213:
4204:
4203:
4175:
4166:
4165:
4139:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4107:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4091:
4070:
4061:
4055:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4018:
3973:Pluricontinental
3963:Muslim conquests
3898:Developmentalism
3833:Anti-imperialism
3828:Age of Discovery
3816:
3811:
3810:
3809:
3779:Christmas Island
3763:French Polynesia
3679:Saint Barthélemy
3655:Falkland Islands
3607:White Venezuelan
3439:
3436:
3273:Tristan da Cunha
3194:Franco-Mauritian
2896:(1913â2008) and
2853:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2833:
2802:
2794:
2780:Post-colonialism
2774:Post-colonialism
2696:liberal policies
2668:Frédéric Bastiat
2621:underdevelopment
2429:Social Darwinism
2406:
2381:British Togoland
2372:List of colonies
2289:world population
2285:medical advances
2257:Spanish colonies
2029:Florentine Codex
1853:
1846:
1842:
1839:
1833:
1802:
1794:
1624:French Caribbean
1585:
1584:
1387:colonial surplus
1364:medical advances
1332:
1249:Jean-Paul Sartre
1153:unequal treaties
1078:Empire of Brazil
997:A first wave of
947:encountered the
945:Crown of Castile
938:Age of Discovery
762:List of colonies
733:manifest destiny
701:Macanese peoples
693:Filipino mestizo
632:opening of Japan
605:Harbour Street,
459:Dutch family in
429:
191:colonial empires
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
13507:
13506:
13502:
13501:
13500:
13498:
13497:
13496:
13472:
13471:
13470:
13465:
13409:
13400:Postcolonialism
13361:
13290:Non-state actor
13285:Non-belligerent
13280:Neutral country
13265:Interventionism
13198:Co-belligerence
13159:
13112:
13091:
13036:
13023:
13018:
12988:
12983:
12978:Minority rights
12957:
12943:San controversy
12837:
12811:Nagoya Protocol
12784:
12778:
12761:
12759:
12753:
12716:
12710:
12608:
12595:
12436:
12350:
12344:
12252:
12250:minority rights
12242:
12212:
12207:
12194:
12183:Totalitarianism
12044:
12039:
12029:
12019:
12009:
11999:
11989:
11979:
11969:
11959:
11949:
11939:
11929:
11919:
11909:
11899:
11889:
11879:
11869:
11859:
11856:Treatise on Law
11849:
11839:
11829:
11809:
11467:
11461:
11200:
11194:
11080:
11074:
10993:
10896:
10882:State of nature
10877:Social contract
10857:Ordered liberty
10845:Noblesse oblige
10762:
10596:
10525:
10354:
10349:
10286:
10239:
10237:Primary sources
10124:
9935:
9933:Further reading
9930:
9929:
9924:
9920:
9915:
9914:
9895:
9894:
9890:
9885:on 21 May 2019.
9877:
9876:
9872:
9853:
9852:
9848:
9839:
9838:
9834:
9825:
9824:
9820:
9814:Wayback Machine
9805:
9801:
9792:
9790:
9781:
9780:
9776:
9753:
9752:
9748:
9739:
9737:
9728:
9727:
9723:
9704:
9703:
9699:
9680:
9679:
9675:
9656:
9655:
9651:
9645:Wayback Machine
9636:
9632:
9613:
9612:
9608:
9600:
9581:
9575:
9571:
9552:
9551:
9547:
9528:
9527:
9523:
9510:
9508:
9494:
9493:
9489:
9476:
9474:
9460:
9459:
9455:
9442:
9441:
9434:
9421:
9419:
9405:
9404:
9400:
9381:
9380:
9376:
9353:
9352:
9348:
9335:
9333:
9319:
9318:
9314:
9295:
9294:
9290:
9281:
9279:
9266:
9265:
9261:
9247:
9245:
9231:
9230:
9226:
9207:
9206:
9202:
9157:
9153:
9147:LatinobarĂłmetro
9141:
9137:
9130:
9114:
9110:
9091:
9090:
9086:
9067:
9066:
9062:
9043:
9042:
9038:
9028:Wayback Machine
9018:
9014:
9002:
8998:
8979:
8978:
8974:
8955:
8951:
8932:
8931:
8927:
8914:
8901:
8883:
8879:
8870:
8866:
8856:Wayback Machine
8846:
8842:
8830:
8826:
8807:
8806:
8802:
8794:
8790:
8777:
8773:
8754:
8750:
8731:
8730:
8726:
8711:
8707:
8668:
8664:
8645:
8644:
8640:
8621:
8620:
8616:
8610:Wayback Machine
8601:
8597:
8589:
8585:
8575:
8573:
8566:
8562:
8561:
8557:
8544:
8540:
8531:
8529:
8520:
8519:
8515:
8505:
8503:
8502:on 13 June 2022
8490:
8489:
8485:
8460:
8458:
8456:
8440:
8436:
8425:
8421:
8408:
8407:
8403:
8392:
8379:
8371:
8367:
8360:
8344:
8340:
8325:
8312:
8289:
8278:
8270:
8237:
8231:
8227:
8216:
8212:
8202:
8200:
8189:
8185:
8179:Wayback Machine
8170:
8163:
8154:
8150:
8143:
8127:
8123:
8116:
8100:
8096:
8088:
8072:
8068:
8061:
8043:
8039:
8030:
8029:
8025:
8018:
8004:
7993:
7986:
7960:
7951:
7936:
7922:
7918:
7911:
7889:
7885:
7875:
7873:
7863:
7859:
7849:
7847:
7846:. April 4, 2023
7838:
7837:
7833:
7823:
7821:
7812:
7811:
7807:
7770:
7766:
7759:
7737:
7733:
7686:
7682:
7650:
7644:
7640:
7593:
7589:
7579:
7577:
7575:
7556:
7552:
7521:
7517:
7510:
7496:
7489:
7480:
7471:
7460:
7456:
7417:
7413:
7400:
7399:
7395:
7389:Wayback Machine
7380:
7376:
7371:Wayback Machine
7362:
7358:
7349:
7347:
7338:
7337:
7333:
7320:
7319:
7315:
7292:
7288:
7279:
7277:
7264:
7263:
7259:
7251:
7247:
7234:
7233:
7229:
7217:
7213:
7207:Wayback Machine
7198:
7194:
7189:Wayback Machine
7180:
7176:
7170:The Independent
7164:
7160:
7147:
7146:
7142:
7129:
7128:
7124:
7111:
7110:
7106:
7097:
7095:
7087:
7086:
7082:
7035:
7031:
7025:Wayback Machine
7014:
7010:
7001:
6997:
6988:
6984:
6957:
6953:
6940:
6939:
6935:
6925:
6923:
6922:(in Portuguese)
6914:
6913:
6909:
6896:
6895:
6891:
6881:
6879:
6874:
6873:
6869:
6857:
6853:
6841:
6837:
6830:
6810:
6806:
6799:
6785:
6781:
6774:
6754:
6750:
6742:
6734:
6732:
6730:
6714:
6710:
6696:
6694:
6692:
6676:
6672:
6666:captive-taking.
6658:
6656:
6654:
6638:
6634:
6610:
6606:
6599:
6579:
6572:
6566:Wayback Machine
6559:White Servitude
6556:
6552:
6544:
6513:
6507:
6503:
6464:
6460:
6453:
6433:
6429:
6422:
6402:
6398:
6389:
6387:
6380:
6354:
6345:
6338:
6324:
6320:
6313:
6299:
6295:
6286:
6282:
6272:
6258:
6254:
6238:
6237:
6233:
6217:
6213:
6182:
6178:
6173:
6169:
6164:
6157:
6148:
6146:
6128:
6124:
6085:
6081:
6071:
6069:
6056:
6055:
6051:
6044:
6018:
6014:
6009:
6005:
5974:
5970:
5960:
5958:
5948:
5944:
5933:
5929:
5908:
5904:
5894:
5892:
5890:
5874:
5870:
5861:
5859:
5849:
5845:
5833:
5829:
5824:
5820:
5811:
5807:
5795:
5791:
5782:
5778:
5770:Benjamin, ed.
5769:
5765:
5758:
5744:
5740:
5731:
5727:
5716:
5712:
5703:
5699:
5690:
5683:
5678:
5674:
5665:
5661:
5652:
5650:
5648:
5632:
5628:
5619:
5618:
5614:
5607:
5593:
5589:
5582:
5564:
5560:
5553:
5537:
5533:
5500:
5496:
5487:
5485:
5477:
5476:
5472:
5441:
5437:
5394:
5390:
5383:
5369:
5365:
5358:
5354:
5346:
5315:
5309:
5305:
5298:
5284:
5280:
5245:
5241:
5218:
5214:
5173:
5169:
5160:
5158:
5154:
5123:
5117:
5113:
5074:
5070:
5057:
5056:
5052:
5045:
5031:
5024:
5013:
5009:
4986:10.2307/2095750
4966:
4962:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4929:
4925:
4915:
4913:
4911:
4892:
4888:
4878:
4876:
4873:Merriam-Webster
4867:
4866:
4862:
4829:
4822:
4805:
4801:
4794:
4774:
4770:
4725:
4721:
4706:
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4655:
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4616:
4573:
4569:
4534:
4530:
4495:
4491:
4468:10.2307/2095750
4448:
4444:
4421:10.2307/2600949
4401:
4397:
4388:
4386:
4376:
4372:
4365:
4343:
4339:
4332:
4316:
4312:
4297:
4283:
4279:
4272:
4256:
4249:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4176:
4169:
4154:
4146:. Verso Books.
4140:
4136:
4126:
4124:
4108:
4099:
4089:
4087:
4072:
4071:
4064:
4060:, 1989, p. 291.
4056:
4049:
4039:
4037:
4035:
4019:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3988:Satellite state
3863:Colonial Empire
3812:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3633:White Barbadian
3583:White Uruguayan
3485:White Colombian
3465:White Brazilian
3437:
3271:(UK) including
3253:Italian Somalis
3015:
3005:
2993:
2854:
2843:
2837:
2834:
2819:
2803:
2792:
2786:
2778:Main articles:
2776:
2760:
2715:
2713:Race and gender
2686:, particularly
2676:Herbert Spencer
2657:
2559:
2554:
2553:
2529:
2521:
2501:
2491:
2489:Ocean and space
2482:exogeographical
2404:
2374:
2368:
2352:Jacobus Bontius
2297:
2245:
2239:viral disease.
2020:
2006:
1920:
1881:marginalisation
1854:
1843:
1837:
1834:
1819:
1803:
1792:
1745:
1646:Dutch Caribbean
1588:European empire
1552:
1534:
1383:
1352:detribalization
1325:
1318:Bob Satterfield
1310:
1304:
1284:
1105:
1074:Empire of Japan
903:
879:Baltic littoral
819:
773:
768:
756:Main articles:
754:
647:
641:
549:controversially
453:
427:
388:Merriam-Webster
363:Spiridione Roma
350:
328:Colonialism is
326:
316:
225:through modern
117:
106:
100:
97:
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
13505:
13495:
13494:
13489:
13484:
13467:
13466:
13464:
13463:
13458:
13453:
13448:
13443:
13438:
13433:
13428:
13423:
13417:
13415:
13411:
13410:
13408:
13407:
13402:
13397:
13392:
13387:
13382:
13380:English school
13377:
13375:Constructivism
13371:
13369:
13363:
13362:
13360:
13359:
13354:
13353:
13352:
13347:
13345:Non-aggression
13342:
13337:
13332:
13322:
13317:
13312:
13307:
13302:
13297:
13292:
13287:
13282:
13277:
13272:
13267:
13262:
13261:
13260:
13255:
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13235:
13230:
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13220:
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13210:
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13178:
13167:
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13132:
13126:
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13105:
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13097:
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13079:
13074:
13069:
13064:
13059:
13053:
13051:
13044:
13038:
13037:
13035:
13034:
13028:
13025:
13024:
13017:
13016:
13009:
13002:
12994:
12985:
12984:
12982:
12981:
12962:
12959:
12958:
12956:
12955:
12950:
12945:
12940:
12935:
12934:
12933:
12928:
12923:
12918:
12910:
12905:
12900:
12895:
12893:Indian removal
12890:
12885:
12880:
12875:
12870:
12865:
12860:
12855:
12849:
12847:
12843:
12842:
12839:
12838:
12836:
12835:
12829:
12823:
12817:
12807:
12801:
12795:
12788:
12786:
12780:
12779:
12777:
12776:
12771:
12765:
12763:
12758:Indigenous-led
12755:
12754:
12752:
12751:
12746:
12745:
12744:
12736:
12734:Arctic Council
12731:
12730:
12729:
12723:African Union
12720:
12718:
12712:
12711:
12709:
12708:
12707:
12706:
12698:
12697:
12696:
12688:
12687:
12686:
12681:
12676:
12671:
12663:
12662:
12661:
12653:
12652:
12651:
12643:
12642:
12641:
12633:
12632:
12631:
12623:
12622:
12621:
12619:Te Puni KĆkiri
12612:
12610:
12601:
12597:
12596:
12594:
12593:
12588:
12583:
12581:Plastic shaman
12578:
12573:
12572:
12571:
12566:
12561:
12556:
12551:
12549:Indian reserve
12546:
12541:
12536:
12531:
12521:
12516:
12514:Green grabbing
12511:
12506:
12501:
12496:
12495:
12494:
12489:
12487:Sports mascots
12479:
12478:
12477:
12475:Bioprospecting
12467:
12466:
12465:
12460:
12450:
12444:
12442:
12438:
12437:
12435:
12434:
12425:
12420:
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12410:
12405:
12400:
12395:
12390:
12385:
12380:
12375:
12370:
12365:
12360:
12354:
12352:
12346:
12345:
12343:
12342:
12341:
12340:
12338:in New Zealand
12335:
12325:
12324:
12323:
12318:
12308:
12307:
12306:
12301:
12296:
12286:
12281:
12276:
12271:
12266:
12260:
12258:
12254:
12253:
12244:International
12241:
12240:
12233:
12226:
12218:
12209:
12208:
12206:
12205:
12199:
12196:
12195:
12193:
12192:
12185:
12180:
12175:
12173:Social justice
12170:
12165:
12160:
12155:
12150:
12149:
12148:
12143:
12138:
12128:
12123:
12118:
12113:
12108:
12103:
12098:
12093:
12088:
12083:
12081:Egalitarianism
12078:
12073:
12071:Contractualism
12068:
12063:
12058:
12052:
12050:
12046:
12045:
12043:
12042:
12032:
12022:
12012:
12002:
11992:
11982:
11972:
11962:
11952:
11942:
11932:
11922:
11912:
11902:
11892:
11882:
11872:
11862:
11852:
11842:
11832:
11821:
11819:
11815:
11814:
11811:
11810:
11808:
11807:
11802:
11797:
11792:
11787:
11782:
11777:
11772:
11767:
11762:
11757:
11752:
11747:
11742:
11737:
11732:
11727:
11722:
11717:
11712:
11707:
11702:
11697:
11692:
11687:
11682:
11677:
11672:
11667:
11662:
11657:
11652:
11647:
11642:
11637:
11632:
11627:
11622:
11617:
11612:
11607:
11602:
11597:
11592:
11587:
11582:
11577:
11572:
11567:
11562:
11557:
11552:
11547:
11542:
11537:
11532:
11527:
11522:
11517:
11512:
11507:
11502:
11497:
11492:
11487:
11482:
11477:
11471:
11469:
11463:
11462:
11460:
11459:
11454:
11449:
11444:
11439:
11434:
11429:
11424:
11419:
11414:
11409:
11404:
11399:
11394:
11389:
11384:
11379:
11374:
11369:
11364:
11359:
11354:
11349:
11344:
11339:
11338:
11337:
11327:
11322:
11321:
11320:
11310:
11305:
11300:
11295:
11290:
11285:
11280:
11275:
11270:
11265:
11260:
11255:
11250:
11245:
11240:
11235:
11230:
11225:
11220:
11215:
11210:
11204:
11202:
11196:
11195:
11193:
11192:
11187:
11182:
11177:
11172:
11167:
11162:
11157:
11152:
11147:
11142:
11137:
11136:
11135:
11125:
11120:
11115:
11110:
11105:
11100:
11095:
11090:
11084:
11082:
11076:
11075:
11073:
11072:
11067:
11062:
11057:
11052:
11047:
11042:
11037:
11032:
11027:
11022:
11017:
11012:
11007:
11001:
10999:
10995:
10994:
10992:
10991:
10986:
10981:
10976:
10971:
10966:
10965:
10964:
10954:
10949:
10944:
10939:
10934:
10929:
10924:
10919:
10913:
10911:
10904:
10898:
10897:
10895:
10894:
10889:
10884:
10879:
10874:
10869:
10867:Overton window
10864:
10859:
10854:
10849:
10840:
10835:
10830:
10825:
10820:
10815:
10810:
10805:
10800:
10795:
10790:
10785:
10776:
10770:
10768:
10764:
10763:
10761:
10760:
10755:
10750:
10745:
10740:
10735:
10730:
10725:
10720:
10715:
10710:
10705:
10700:
10698:Libertarianism
10695:
10690:
10685:
10680:
10675:
10670:
10665:
10660:
10655:
10650:
10645:
10640:
10635:
10630:
10625:
10620:
10615:
10610:
10604:
10602:
10598:
10597:
10595:
10594:
10589:
10584:
10579:
10574:
10569:
10564:
10559:
10554:
10549:
10544:
10539:
10533:
10531:
10527:
10526:
10524:
10523:
10518:
10513:
10508:
10503:
10498:
10493:
10488:
10483:
10478:
10473:
10468:
10463:
10458:
10453:
10448:
10443:
10438:
10433:
10428:
10423:
10418:
10413:
10408:
10403:
10398:
10393:
10388:
10383:
10378:
10373:
10368:
10362:
10360:
10356:
10355:
10348:
10347:
10340:
10333:
10325:
10319:
10318:
10299:
10285:
10284:External links
10282:
10281:
10280:
10268:
10252:
10243:Conrad, Joseph
10238:
10235:
10234:
10233:
10216:
10195:(1): 323â367.
10184:
10174:
10167:
10150:
10131:
10128:
10123:978-0544602670
10122:
10104:
10097:Prashad, Vijay
10094:
10079:
10072:
10065:
10050:Nuzzo, Luigi:
10048:
10041:
10031:
10017:
10003:
9974:
9967:
9957:
9950:
9943:
9934:
9931:
9928:
9927:
9917:
9916:
9913:
9912:
9888:
9870:
9846:
9832:
9818:
9799:
9774:
9746:
9721:
9697:
9673:
9649:
9630:
9606:
9569:
9545:
9521:
9487:
9453:
9432:
9398:
9374:
9346:
9312:
9288:
9259:
9224:
9200:
9171:(9): 702â706.
9151:
9135:
9128:
9108:
9084:
9060:
9036:
9012:
8996:
8972:
8949:
8925:
8899:
8877:
8864:
8840:
8824:
8800:
8788:
8771:
8748:
8724:
8705:
8662:
8638:
8614:
8595:
8583:
8555:
8538:
8513:
8483:
8454:
8434:
8419:
8401:
8377:
8365:
8358:
8338:
8310:
8276:
8263:2027.42/136501
8225:
8210:
8183:
8161:
8148:
8141:
8121:
8114:
8094:
8086:
8066:
8059:
8037:
8023:
8016:
7991:
7984:
7949:
7934:
7916:
7909:
7883:
7857:
7831:
7820:. May 29, 2018
7805:
7764:
7757:
7731:
7710:10.2307/215456
7680:
7638:
7617:10.2307/215456
7603:(3): 316â335.
7587:
7573:
7550:
7515:
7508:
7487:
7469:
7454:
7411:
7393:
7374:
7356:
7331:
7313:
7302:(3): 751â775.
7286:
7257:
7245:
7227:
7211:
7192:
7174:
7158:
7140:
7137:on 2009-10-29.
7122:
7104:
7080:
7029:
7008:
6995:
6982:
6951:
6933:
6907:
6889:
6867:
6851:
6835:
6828:
6804:
6797:
6779:
6772:
6748:
6728:
6708:
6690:
6670:
6652:
6632:
6604:
6597:
6570:
6550:
6524:(4): 434â463.
6501:
6458:
6451:
6427:
6420:
6396:
6378:
6343:
6336:
6318:
6311:
6293:
6280:
6270:
6252:
6231:
6211:
6176:
6167:
6155:
6122:
6095:(4): 687â706.
6079:
6049:
6042:
6012:
6003:
5968:
5942:
5927:
5902:
5888:
5868:
5843:
5827:
5818:
5805:
5789:
5776:
5763:
5756:
5738:
5725:
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5681:
5672:
5659:
5646:
5626:
5612:
5605:
5587:
5580:
5558:
5551:
5531:
5494:
5470:
5451:(2): 156â184.
5435:
5388:
5381:
5363:
5352:
5326:(4): 719â744.
5303:
5296:
5278:
5239:
5228:(3/4): 84â90.
5212:
5183:(3): 271â285.
5167:
5111:
5084:(3): 325â351.
5068:
5050:
5043:
5022:
5007:
4980:(6): 846â860.
4960:
4946:
4923:
4909:
4886:
4860:
4820:
4799:
4792:
4768:
4719:
4704:
4684:
4677:
4649:
4642:
4614:
4567:
4528:
4489:
4462:(6): 846â860.
4442:
4415:(4): 429â454.
4395:
4370:
4363:
4337:
4330:
4310:
4295:
4277:
4270:
4247:
4205:
4198:
4167:
4152:
4134:
4097:
4062:
4047:
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4000:
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3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3814:History portal
3801:
3798:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3794:
3791:Norfolk Island
3788:
3782:
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3770:
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3698:
3681:
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3642:
3636:
3626:
3612:
3611:
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3600:
3576:
3570:
3560:
3554:
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3504:
3494:
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3390:
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3379:
3373:
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3361:
3347:
3333:
3295:
3294:
3293:
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3276:
3266:
3256:
3246:
3236:
3225:Canary Islands
3222:
3217:
3207:
3197:
3187:
3177:
3171:
3161:
3151:
3145:
3135:
3094:
3093:
3087:
3081:
3075:
3069:
3059:
3045:Northern China
3013:Greater Europe
3004:
3001:
2992:
2989:
2979:British Empire
2856:
2855:
2806:
2804:
2797:
2775:
2772:
2759:
2756:
2740:Sarah Baartman
2736:Georges Cuvier
2714:
2711:
2672:Richard Cobden
2656:
2653:
2631:to a stage of
2597:Vasyl Shakhrai
2587:and later the
2558:
2555:
2550:Vladimir Lenin
2530:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2490:
2487:
2473:largest empire
2469:British Empire
2388:tools such as
2367:
2364:
2296:
2293:
2281:mortality rate
2244:
2241:
2213:average height
2209:anthropometric
2198:microbiologist
2194:bubonic plague
2123:whooping cough
2083:was caused by
2073:Plains Indians
2005:
2002:
1966:Indo Europeans
1919:
1916:
1856:
1855:
1806:
1804:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1744:
1741:
1731:Following the
1695:Boer Republics
1662:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1654:British Empire
1651:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1632:Spanish Empire
1629:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1610:British Empire
1607:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1581:, 18th century
1533:
1530:
1459:Daron Acemoglu
1407:Ottoman Empire
1382:
1379:
1321:civilization".
1306:Main article:
1303:
1300:
1283:
1280:
1245:neocolonialism
1230:United Nations
1226:decolonisation
1159:and the like.
1104:
1101:
1066:Ottoman Empire
1062:Russian Empire
1011:Spanish Empire
984:British Empire
961:Spanish Empire
926:Constantinople
922:Ottoman Empire
902:
899:
891:Fourth Crusade
818:
815:
801:Persian Empire
772:
769:
753:
750:
713:Indo-Europeans
666:French Algeria
640:
637:
636:
635:
620:
612:
590:
578:
556:
452:
449:
349:
346:
330:etymologically
315:
312:
308:neocolonialism
304:state capacity
284:Decolonization
255:discrimination
251:intersectional
145:Hugli-Chuchura
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13504:
13493:
13490:
13488:
13485:
13483:
13480:
13479:
13477:
13462:
13459:
13457:
13454:
13452:
13449:
13447:
13444:
13442:
13439:
13437:
13434:
13432:
13429:
13427:
13424:
13422:
13419:
13418:
13416:
13412:
13406:
13403:
13401:
13398:
13396:
13393:
13391:
13388:
13386:
13383:
13381:
13378:
13376:
13373:
13372:
13370:
13368:
13364:
13358:
13355:
13351:
13348:
13346:
13343:
13341:
13338:
13336:
13333:
13331:
13328:
13327:
13326:
13323:
13321:
13318:
13316:
13313:
13311:
13308:
13306:
13303:
13301:
13298:
13296:
13293:
13291:
13288:
13286:
13283:
13281:
13278:
13276:
13273:
13271:
13268:
13266:
13263:
13259:
13256:
13254:
13251:
13250:
13249:
13246:
13244:
13241:
13239:
13236:
13234:
13231:
13229:
13226:
13224:
13221:
13219:
13216:
13214:
13211:
13209:
13206:
13204:
13201:
13199:
13196:
13194:
13191:
13187:
13184:
13182:
13179:
13177:
13174:
13173:
13172:
13169:
13168:
13166:
13162:
13156:
13153:
13151:
13148:
13146:
13143:
13141:
13138:
13136:
13133:
13131:
13128:
13127:
13125:
13123:
13119:
13109:
13106:
13104:
13101:
13100:
13098:
13094:
13088:
13085:
13083:
13080:
13078:
13075:
13073:
13070:
13068:
13065:
13063:
13060:
13058:
13055:
13054:
13052:
13048:
13045:
13043:
13042:Organizations
13039:
13033:
13030:
13029:
13026:
13022:
13015:
13010:
13008:
13003:
13001:
12996:
12995:
12992:
12980:
12979:
12974:
12973:
12964:
12963:
12960:
12954:
12951:
12949:
12946:
12944:
12941:
12939:
12936:
12932:
12931:United States
12929:
12927:
12924:
12922:
12919:
12917:
12914:
12913:
12911:
12909:
12906:
12904:
12901:
12899:
12896:
12894:
12891:
12889:
12886:
12884:
12881:
12879:
12876:
12874:
12871:
12869:
12866:
12864:
12861:
12859:
12856:
12854:
12851:
12850:
12848:
12844:
12834:
12830:
12828:
12824:
12822:
12818:
12816:
12812:
12808:
12806:
12802:
12800:
12796:
12794:
12790:
12789:
12787:
12781:
12775:
12772:
12770:
12767:
12766:
12764:
12760:international
12756:
12750:
12747:
12743:
12740:
12739:
12737:
12735:
12732:
12728:
12725:
12724:
12722:
12721:
12719:
12713:
12705:
12702:
12701:
12699:
12695:
12692:
12691:
12689:
12685:
12682:
12680:
12677:
12675:
12672:
12670:
12667:
12666:
12664:
12660:
12657:
12656:
12654:
12650:
12647:
12646:
12644:
12640:
12637:
12636:
12634:
12630:
12627:
12626:
12624:
12620:
12617:
12616:
12614:
12613:
12611:
12605:
12602:
12598:
12592:
12589:
12587:
12584:
12582:
12579:
12577:
12574:
12570:
12567:
12565:
12562:
12560:
12557:
12555:
12552:
12550:
12547:
12545:
12544:Indian colony
12542:
12540:
12537:
12535:
12532:
12530:
12527:
12526:
12525:
12522:
12520:
12517:
12515:
12512:
12510:
12507:
12505:
12502:
12500:
12497:
12493:
12490:
12488:
12485:
12484:
12483:
12480:
12476:
12473:
12472:
12471:
12468:
12464:
12461:
12459:
12456:
12455:
12454:
12451:
12449:
12446:
12445:
12443:
12439:
12432:
12431:
12426:
12424:
12421:
12419:
12416:
12414:
12411:
12409:
12406:
12404:
12401:
12399:
12396:
12394:
12391:
12389:
12386:
12384:
12381:
12379:
12376:
12374:
12371:
12369:
12366:
12364:
12361:
12359:
12356:
12355:
12353:
12347:
12339:
12336:
12334:
12331:
12330:
12329:
12328:Treaty rights
12326:
12322:
12319:
12317:
12314:
12313:
12312:
12309:
12305:
12302:
12300:
12297:
12295:
12292:
12291:
12290:
12287:
12285:
12282:
12280:
12277:
12275:
12272:
12270:
12267:
12265:
12262:
12261:
12259:
12255:
12251:
12247:
12239:
12234:
12232:
12227:
12225:
12220:
12219:
12216:
12204:
12201:
12200:
12197:
12191:
12190:
12186:
12184:
12181:
12179:
12176:
12174:
12171:
12169:
12166:
12164:
12161:
12159:
12156:
12154:
12151:
12147:
12144:
12142:
12139:
12137:
12134:
12133:
12132:
12129:
12127:
12124:
12122:
12119:
12117:
12114:
12112:
12109:
12107:
12106:Jurisprudence
12104:
12102:
12099:
12097:
12094:
12092:
12089:
12087:
12084:
12082:
12079:
12077:
12074:
12072:
12069:
12067:
12064:
12062:
12059:
12057:
12054:
12053:
12051:
12047:
12038:
12037:
12033:
12028:
12027:
12023:
12018:
12017:
12013:
12008:
12007:
12003:
11998:
11997:
11993:
11988:
11987:
11983:
11978:
11977:
11973:
11968:
11967:
11963:
11958:
11957:
11953:
11948:
11947:
11943:
11938:
11937:
11936:Rights of Man
11933:
11928:
11927:
11923:
11918:
11917:
11913:
11908:
11907:
11903:
11898:
11897:
11893:
11888:
11887:
11883:
11878:
11877:
11873:
11868:
11867:
11863:
11858:
11857:
11853:
11848:
11847:
11846:De re publica
11843:
11838:
11837:
11833:
11828:
11827:
11823:
11822:
11820:
11816:
11806:
11803:
11801:
11798:
11796:
11793:
11791:
11788:
11786:
11783:
11781:
11778:
11776:
11773:
11771:
11768:
11766:
11763:
11761:
11758:
11756:
11753:
11751:
11748:
11746:
11743:
11741:
11738:
11736:
11733:
11731:
11728:
11726:
11723:
11721:
11718:
11716:
11713:
11711:
11708:
11706:
11703:
11701:
11698:
11696:
11693:
11691:
11688:
11686:
11683:
11681:
11678:
11676:
11673:
11671:
11668:
11666:
11663:
11661:
11658:
11656:
11653:
11651:
11648:
11646:
11643:
11641:
11638:
11636:
11633:
11631:
11628:
11626:
11623:
11621:
11618:
11616:
11613:
11611:
11608:
11606:
11603:
11601:
11598:
11596:
11593:
11591:
11588:
11586:
11583:
11581:
11578:
11576:
11573:
11571:
11568:
11566:
11563:
11561:
11558:
11556:
11553:
11551:
11548:
11546:
11543:
11541:
11538:
11536:
11533:
11531:
11528:
11526:
11523:
11521:
11518:
11516:
11513:
11511:
11508:
11506:
11503:
11501:
11498:
11496:
11493:
11491:
11488:
11486:
11483:
11481:
11478:
11476:
11473:
11472:
11470:
11466:20th and 21st
11464:
11458:
11455:
11453:
11450:
11448:
11445:
11443:
11440:
11438:
11435:
11433:
11430:
11428:
11425:
11423:
11420:
11418:
11415:
11413:
11410:
11408:
11405:
11403:
11400:
11398:
11395:
11393:
11390:
11388:
11385:
11383:
11380:
11378:
11375:
11373:
11370:
11368:
11365:
11363:
11360:
11358:
11355:
11353:
11350:
11348:
11345:
11343:
11340:
11336:
11333:
11332:
11331:
11328:
11326:
11323:
11319:
11316:
11315:
11314:
11311:
11309:
11306:
11304:
11301:
11299:
11296:
11294:
11291:
11289:
11286:
11284:
11281:
11279:
11276:
11274:
11271:
11269:
11266:
11264:
11261:
11259:
11256:
11254:
11251:
11249:
11246:
11244:
11241:
11239:
11236:
11234:
11231:
11229:
11226:
11224:
11221:
11219:
11216:
11214:
11211:
11209:
11206:
11205:
11203:
11199:18th and 19th
11197:
11191:
11188:
11186:
11183:
11181:
11178:
11176:
11173:
11171:
11168:
11166:
11163:
11161:
11158:
11156:
11153:
11151:
11148:
11146:
11143:
11141:
11138:
11134:
11131:
11130:
11129:
11126:
11124:
11121:
11119:
11116:
11114:
11111:
11109:
11106:
11104:
11101:
11099:
11096:
11094:
11091:
11089:
11086:
11085:
11083:
11077:
11071:
11068:
11066:
11063:
11061:
11058:
11056:
11055:Nizam al-Mulk
11053:
11051:
11048:
11046:
11043:
11041:
11038:
11036:
11033:
11031:
11028:
11026:
11023:
11021:
11018:
11016:
11013:
11011:
11008:
11006:
11003:
11002:
11000:
10996:
10990:
10987:
10985:
10982:
10980:
10977:
10975:
10972:
10970:
10967:
10963:
10960:
10959:
10958:
10955:
10953:
10950:
10948:
10945:
10943:
10940:
10938:
10935:
10933:
10930:
10928:
10925:
10923:
10920:
10918:
10915:
10914:
10912:
10908:
10905:
10903:
10899:
10893:
10890:
10888:
10885:
10883:
10880:
10878:
10875:
10873:
10870:
10868:
10865:
10863:
10860:
10858:
10855:
10853:
10850:
10847:
10846:
10841:
10839:
10836:
10834:
10831:
10829:
10826:
10824:
10821:
10819:
10816:
10814:
10811:
10809:
10806:
10804:
10801:
10799:
10796:
10794:
10791:
10789:
10786:
10783:
10782:
10777:
10775:
10772:
10771:
10769:
10765:
10759:
10756:
10754:
10751:
10749:
10746:
10744:
10741:
10739:
10738:Republicanism
10736:
10734:
10731:
10729:
10726:
10724:
10721:
10719:
10716:
10714:
10711:
10709:
10706:
10704:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10694:
10691:
10689:
10686:
10684:
10681:
10679:
10676:
10674:
10671:
10669:
10666:
10664:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10654:
10651:
10649:
10646:
10644:
10641:
10639:
10636:
10634:
10631:
10629:
10626:
10624:
10621:
10619:
10616:
10614:
10611:
10609:
10606:
10605:
10603:
10599:
10593:
10590:
10588:
10585:
10583:
10580:
10578:
10575:
10573:
10570:
10568:
10565:
10563:
10560:
10558:
10555:
10553:
10550:
10548:
10545:
10543:
10540:
10538:
10535:
10534:
10532:
10528:
10522:
10519:
10517:
10514:
10512:
10509:
10507:
10504:
10502:
10499:
10497:
10494:
10492:
10489:
10487:
10484:
10482:
10479:
10477:
10474:
10472:
10469:
10467:
10464:
10462:
10459:
10457:
10454:
10452:
10449:
10447:
10444:
10442:
10439:
10437:
10434:
10432:
10429:
10427:
10424:
10422:
10419:
10417:
10414:
10412:
10409:
10407:
10404:
10402:
10399:
10397:
10394:
10392:
10389:
10387:
10384:
10382:
10379:
10377:
10374:
10372:
10369:
10367:
10364:
10363:
10361:
10357:
10353:
10346:
10341:
10339:
10334:
10332:
10327:
10326:
10323:
10315:
10314:
10309:
10305:
10304:"Colonialism"
10300:
10297:
10292:
10288:
10287:
10278:
10277:
10272:
10269:
10266:
10263:, Preface by
10262:
10261:
10256:
10255:Fanon, Frantz
10253:
10250:
10249:
10244:
10241:
10240:
10231:
10227:
10223:
10222:
10217:
10215:
10210:
10206:
10202:
10198:
10194:
10190:
10185:
10183:
10182:survey online
10179:
10175:
10172:
10168:
10165:
10161:
10157:
10156:
10151:
10148:
10144:
10140:
10136:
10132:
10129:
10125:
10119:
10115:
10114:
10109:
10105:
10102:
10098:
10095:
10092:
10088:
10084:
10080:
10077:
10073:
10070:
10066:
10063:
10059:
10055:
10054:
10049:
10046:
10042:
10040:
10036:
10032:
10030:
10026:
10022:
10018:
10016:
10015:2-213-62316-3
10012:
10008:
10004:
9999:
9994:
9990:
9986:
9985:
9980:
9975:
9972:
9968:
9966:
9962:
9958:
9955:
9951:
9948:
9944:
9942:(1982) 581 pp
9941:
9937:
9936:
9922:
9918:
9908:
9904:
9903:
9898:
9892:
9884:
9880:
9874:
9866:
9862:
9861:
9856:
9850:
9842:
9836:
9828:
9822:
9815:
9811:
9808:
9803:
9789:on 2010-09-23
9788:
9784:
9778:
9772:
9766:
9762:
9761:
9756:
9750:
9736:on 2017-10-19
9735:
9731:
9725:
9717:
9713:
9712:
9707:
9701:
9693:
9689:
9688:
9683:
9677:
9669:
9665:
9664:
9659:
9653:
9646:
9642:
9639:
9634:
9626:
9622:
9621:
9616:
9610:
9599:
9595:
9591:
9587:
9580:
9573:
9565:
9561:
9560:
9555:
9549:
9541:
9537:
9536:
9531:
9525:
9519:
9507:
9503:
9502:
9497:
9491:
9485:
9473:
9469:
9468:
9463:
9457:
9449:
9445:
9439:
9437:
9430:
9418:
9414:
9413:
9408:
9402:
9394:
9390:
9389:
9384:
9378:
9372:
9366:
9362:
9361:
9356:
9350:
9344:
9332:
9328:
9327:
9322:
9316:
9308:
9304:
9303:
9298:
9292:
9278:on 2011-04-14
9277:
9273:
9269:
9263:
9256:
9244:
9240:
9239:
9234:
9228:
9220:
9216:
9215:
9210:
9204:
9196:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9178:
9174:
9170:
9166:
9162:
9155:
9148:
9144:
9139:
9131:
9125:
9121:
9120:
9112:
9104:
9100:
9099:
9094:
9088:
9080:
9076:
9075:
9070:
9064:
9056:
9052:
9051:
9046:
9040:
9033:
9029:
9025:
9022:
9019:HK Census. "
9016:
9009:
9005:
9000:
8992:
8988:
8987:
8982:
8976:
8969:
8968:80-254-6365-6
8965:
8961:
8960:
8953:
8945:
8941:
8940:
8935:
8929:
8922:
8918:
8912:
8910:
8908:
8906:
8904:
8897:
8896:1-84331-117-8
8893:
8889:
8888:
8881:
8874:
8868:
8861:
8860:The Globalist
8857:
8853:
8850:
8844:
8837:
8833:
8828:
8820:
8816:
8815:
8810:
8804:
8797:
8792:
8785:
8781:
8775:
8768:
8767:92-871-2611-9
8764:
8760:
8759:
8752:
8744:
8740:
8739:
8734:
8728:
8720:
8716:
8709:
8701:
8697:
8693:
8689:
8685:
8681:
8678:(4): 248â53.
8677:
8673:
8666:
8658:
8654:
8653:
8648:
8642:
8634:
8630:
8629:
8624:
8618:
8611:
8607:
8604:
8599:
8592:
8591:Richards 2003
8587:
8572:
8565:
8564:"Census 2020"
8559:
8551:
8550:
8542:
8527:
8523:
8517:
8501:
8497:
8493:
8487:
8480:
8478:
8475:and Colonial
8474:
8470:
8457:
8451:
8447:
8446:
8438:
8430:
8423:
8415:
8411:
8405:
8397:
8390:
8388:
8386:
8384:
8382:
8374:
8369:
8361:
8355:
8351:
8350:
8342:
8334:
8330:
8323:
8321:
8319:
8317:
8315:
8306:
8302:
8299:(3): 415â33.
8298:
8294:
8287:
8285:
8283:
8281:
8269:
8264:
8259:
8255:
8251:
8248:(4): 634â60.
8247:
8243:
8236:
8229:
8221:
8214:
8198:
8194:
8187:
8180:
8176:
8173:
8168:
8166:
8158:
8152:
8144:
8138:
8134:
8133:
8125:
8117:
8111:
8107:
8106:
8098:
8089:
8087:9789041104724
8083:
8079:
8078:
8070:
8062:
8060:9781136952913
8056:
8053:. Routledge.
8052:
8048:
8041:
8033:
8027:
8019:
8013:
8009:
8002:
8000:
7998:
7996:
7987:
7985:9781412946728
7981:
7977:
7973:
7969:
7965:
7958:
7956:
7954:
7945:
7941:
7937:
7931:
7927:
7920:
7912:
7906:
7902:
7898:
7894:
7887:
7872:
7868:
7861:
7845:
7841:
7835:
7819:
7815:
7809:
7801:
7797:
7792:
7787:
7783:
7779:
7775:
7768:
7760:
7754:
7750:
7745:
7744:
7735:
7727:
7723:
7719:
7715:
7711:
7707:
7703:
7699:
7695:
7691:
7684:
7676:
7672:
7668:
7664:
7660:
7656:
7655:Cartographica
7649:
7642:
7634:
7630:
7626:
7622:
7618:
7614:
7610:
7606:
7602:
7598:
7591:
7576:
7570:
7566:
7565:
7560:
7554:
7546:
7542:
7538:
7534:
7530:
7526:
7519:
7511:
7505:
7501:
7494:
7492:
7484:
7478:
7476:
7474:
7465:
7458:
7450:
7446:
7442:
7438:
7434:
7430:
7427:(1): 165â69.
7426:
7422:
7415:
7407:
7403:
7397:
7390:
7386:
7383:
7378:
7372:
7368:
7365:
7360:
7346:on 2008-02-05
7345:
7341:
7335:
7327:
7323:
7317:
7309:
7305:
7301:
7297:
7290:
7276:on 2012-05-30
7275:
7271:
7267:
7261:
7254:
7249:
7241:
7237:
7231:
7224:
7220:
7215:
7208:
7204:
7201:
7196:
7190:
7186:
7183:
7178:
7171:
7167:
7162:
7154:
7150:
7144:
7136:
7132:
7126:
7118:
7114:
7108:
7094:
7090:
7084:
7076:
7072:
7067:
7062:
7057:
7052:
7049:(2): 112â15.
7048:
7044:
7040:
7033:
7026:
7022:
7019:
7018:
7012:
7005:
6999:
6992:
6986:
6978:
6974:
6970:
6966:
6962:
6955:
6947:
6943:
6937:
6921:
6917:
6911:
6903:
6899:
6893:
6877:
6871:
6865:
6864:90-5589-173-8
6861:
6855:
6849:
6848:90-351-2361-1
6845:
6839:
6831:
6825:
6821:
6817:
6816:
6808:
6800:
6794:
6790:
6783:
6775:
6769:
6765:
6761:
6760:
6752:
6745:
6731:
6729:9783656715245
6725:
6721:
6720:
6712:
6705:
6693:
6691:9780415694728
6687:
6683:
6682:
6674:
6667:
6655:
6653:9781775587859
6649:
6645:
6644:
6636:
6629:
6624:
6623:
6618:
6614:
6608:
6600:
6594:
6590:
6586:
6585:
6577:
6575:
6567:
6563:
6560:
6554:
6543:
6539:
6535:
6531:
6527:
6523:
6519:
6512:
6505:
6496:
6495:1721.1/136437
6491:
6486:
6481:
6477:
6473:
6469:
6462:
6454:
6448:
6444:
6440:
6439:
6431:
6423:
6417:
6413:
6409:
6408:
6400:
6386:on 2016-02-05
6385:
6381:
6379:9780444520418
6375:
6371:
6367:
6363:
6359:
6352:
6350:
6348:
6339:
6333:
6329:
6322:
6314:
6308:
6304:
6297:
6290:
6284:
6277:
6273:
6267:
6263:
6256:
6248:
6242:
6234:
6228:
6224:
6223:
6215:
6207:
6203:
6199:
6195:
6192:(3): 375â97.
6191:
6187:
6180:
6171:
6162:
6160:
6145:
6141:
6137:
6133:
6126:
6118:
6114:
6110:
6106:
6102:
6098:
6094:
6090:
6083:
6067:
6063:
6059:
6053:
6045:
6043:9781412946728
6039:
6035:
6031:
6027:
6023:
6016:
6007:
5999:
5995:
5991:
5987:
5983:
5979:
5972:
5957:
5953:
5946:
5938:
5931:
5923:
5919:
5915:
5914:
5906:
5891:
5889:9781317701798
5885:
5881:
5880:
5872:
5858:
5854:
5847:
5841:
5837:
5831:
5822:
5815:
5809:
5803:
5800:(1922), p. 5
5799:
5793:
5786:
5780:
5773:
5767:
5759:
5757:9781107120624
5753:
5749:
5742:
5735:
5729:
5723:
5721:
5714:
5707:
5701:
5694:
5688:
5686:
5676:
5669:
5663:
5649:
5643:
5639:
5638:
5630:
5622:
5616:
5608:
5606:9781438119830
5602:
5598:
5591:
5583:
5577:
5573:
5569:
5562:
5554:
5548:
5544:
5543:
5535:
5529:
5525:
5521:
5517:
5513:
5509:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5484:
5480:
5474:
5466:
5462:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5439:
5431:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5392:
5384:
5378:
5374:
5367:
5361:
5356:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5333:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5314:
5307:
5299:
5297:0-520-04000-7
5293:
5289:
5282:
5274:
5270:
5266:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5250:
5243:
5235:
5231:
5227:
5223:
5216:
5208:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5190:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5171:
5157:on 2019-02-23
5153:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5122:
5115:
5107:
5103:
5099:
5095:
5091:
5087:
5083:
5079:
5072:
5064:
5060:
5054:
5046:
5040:
5036:
5029:
5027:
5018:
5011:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4983:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4964:
4949:
4943:
4939:
4938:
4933:
4927:
4912:
4906:
4902:
4901:
4896:
4890:
4874:
4870:
4869:"Colonialism"
4864:
4856:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4838:
4834:
4827:
4825:
4816:
4812:
4811:
4803:
4795:
4789:
4786:. p. 5.
4785:
4781:
4780:
4772:
4764:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4738:
4734:
4730:
4723:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4701:
4697:
4696:
4688:
4680:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4662:
4661:
4653:
4645:
4639:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4626:
4618:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4582:
4578:
4571:
4563:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4532:
4524:
4520:
4516:
4512:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4493:
4485:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4446:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4426:
4422:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4399:
4385:
4381:
4374:
4366:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4348:
4341:
4333:
4327:
4323:
4322:
4314:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4292:
4288:
4281:
4273:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4254:
4252:
4243:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4219:
4212:
4210:
4201:
4195:
4191:
4187:
4183:
4182:
4174:
4172:
4163:
4159:
4155:
4149:
4145:
4138:
4123:
4119:
4118:
4113:
4112:"Colonialism"
4106:
4104:
4102:
4085:
4084:HarperCollins
4081:
4080:
4075:
4074:"Colonialism"
4069:
4067:
4059:
4054:
4052:
4036:
4030:
4026:
4025:
4017:
4015:
4010:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3943:Global Empire
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3888:Decoloniality
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3804:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3774:
3771:
3768:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3754:
3753:New Caledonia
3751:
3748:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3701:United States
3699:
3694:
3690:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3662:
3661:French Guiana
3659:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3619:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3584:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3543:
3540:
3536:
3535:White Mexican
3532:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3502:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3475:White Chilean
3472:
3469:
3466:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3416:Latin America
3413:
3408:
3407:Anglo-Indians
3404:
3401:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3299:
3290:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3260:
3257:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3214:French people
3211:
3208:
3205:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3155:
3152:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3099:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3010:
3000:
2998:
2995:The field of
2987:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2970:in his work.
2969:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2918:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2878:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2852:
2849:
2841:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2807:This section
2805:
2801:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2785:
2781:
2771:
2767:
2764:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2719:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2652:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2634:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2615:
2613:
2612:Walter Rodney
2608:
2606:
2602:
2601:Soviet regime
2598:
2594:
2593:Sultan Galiev
2590:
2586:
2581:
2577:
2576:Lyal S. Sunga
2573:
2569:
2564:
2551:
2547:
2545:
2539:
2536:
2527:
2516:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2483:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2461:
2458:
2452:
2450:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2382:
2378:
2373:
2363:
2361:
2360:Carl Linnaeus
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2332:Vasco de Gama
2329:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2318:Peruvian bark
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2277:human history
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2229:land grabbing
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2131:Easter Island
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2041:
2039:
2031:
2030:
2024:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2001:
1998:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1900:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1877:First Nations
1870:
1866:
1862:
1852:
1849:
1841:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1807:This section
1805:
1801:
1796:
1795:
1790:End of empire
1787:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1754:
1749:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1713:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1668:
1667:Abolitionists
1659:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1635:Latin America
1634:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1621:French Empire
1620:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1463:Simon Johnson
1460:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1429:
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1396:
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1279:
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1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1224:(1939â1945),
1223:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1199:Soviet empire
1196:
1192:
1188:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1113:
1109:
1100:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1082:United States
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1050:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
968:
966:
962:
958:
954:
953:trading posts
950:
946:
941:
939:
935:
931:
927:
924:colonialised
923:
919:
911:
910:Iberian Union
907:
898:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
863:Eastern Roman
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
843:Mediterranean
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
814:
812:
811:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
767:
763:
759:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
725:
720:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
677:Anglo-Burmese
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
653:
646:
633:
629:
625:
621:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
594:
591:
588:
584:
579:
576:
572:
568:
567:trading posts
564:
560:
557:
554:
550:
546:
542:
541:United States
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
501:
497:
493:
490:
489:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
469:
462:
457:
448:
446:
441:
436:
431:
425:
421:
416:
414:
409:
405:
400:
399:
393:
391:
389:
384:
380:
379:
374:
368:
364:
361:, painted by
360:
359:
354:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
325:
321:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
279:
275:
271:
266:
264:
260:
256:
253:violence and
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
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135:
132:
131:
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115:
112:
104:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: â
61:
60:"Colonialism"
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
13340:Multilateral
13270:Isolationism
13223:Expansionism
13207:
12977:
12971:
12926:South Africa
12783:Treaties and
12655:Philippines
12607:Governmental
12452:
12429:
12358:Amazon Watch
12333:in Australia
12294:in Australia
12187:
12086:Elite theory
12034:
12024:
12014:
12004:
11994:
11984:
11974:
11964:
11954:
11944:
11934:
11924:
11914:
11904:
11894:
11884:
11874:
11864:
11854:
11844:
11834:
11824:
11123:Guicciardini
11079:Early modern
10902:Philosophers
10852:Open society
10788:Body politic
10658:Distributism
10648:Conservatism
10643:Confucianism
10627:
10562:Gerontocracy
10552:Dictatorship
10506:Sovereigntyâ
10496:Ruling class
10386:Emancipation
10371:Citizenshipâ
10311:
10298:at Wikiquote
10274:
10258:
10246:
10220:
10214:Ab Imperio E
10192:
10188:
10177:
10170:
10154:
10146:
10134:
10112:
10100:
10082:
10078:(3 vol 2003)
10075:
10068:
10053:Colonial Law
10052:
10044:
10034:
10020:
10006:
9988:
9982:
9970:
9960:
9953:
9946:
9939:
9921:
9900:
9891:
9883:the original
9873:
9858:
9849:
9835:
9821:
9802:
9791:. Retrieved
9787:the original
9777:
9758:
9749:
9738:. Retrieved
9734:the original
9724:
9709:
9700:
9685:
9676:
9661:
9652:
9633:
9618:
9609:
9598:the original
9586:Convergencia
9585:
9572:
9557:
9548:
9533:
9524:
9509:. Retrieved
9499:
9490:
9475:. Retrieved
9465:
9456:
9447:
9420:. Retrieved
9410:
9401:
9386:
9377:
9358:
9349:
9334:. Retrieved
9324:
9315:
9300:
9291:
9280:. Retrieved
9276:the original
9271:
9262:
9246:. Retrieved
9236:
9227:
9212:
9203:
9168:
9164:
9154:
9138:
9118:
9111:
9096:
9087:
9072:
9063:
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9039:
9031:
9015:
9007:
8999:
8984:
8975:
8957:
8952:
8937:
8928:
8885:
8880:
8867:
8847:Fiona Hill,
8843:
8835:
8827:
8812:
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8791:
8774:
8756:
8751:
8736:
8727:
8718:
8708:
8675:
8671:
8665:
8650:
8641:
8626:
8617:
8598:
8586:
8574:. Retrieved
8570:
8558:
8548:
8541:
8530:. Retrieved
8528:. 2021-09-02
8525:
8516:
8504:. Retrieved
8500:the original
8495:
8486:
8476:
8472:
8468:
8466:
8459:. Retrieved
8444:
8437:
8422:
8414:The Guardian
8413:
8404:
8398:. p. 2.
8395:
8368:
8348:
8341:
8335:. Routledge.
8332:
8296:
8292:
8245:
8241:
8228:
8219:
8213:
8201:. Retrieved
8196:
8186:
8156:
8151:
8131:
8124:
8104:
8097:
8076:
8069:
8050:
8040:
8026:
8007:
7967:
7925:
7919:
7892:
7886:
7874:. Retrieved
7870:
7860:
7848:. Retrieved
7843:
7834:
7822:. Retrieved
7817:
7808:
7781:
7777:
7767:
7742:
7734:
7693:
7689:
7683:
7658:
7654:
7641:
7600:
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7590:
7578:. Retrieved
7563:
7553:
7528:
7524:
7518:
7499:
7482:
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7424:
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7414:
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7377:
7359:
7348:. Retrieved
7344:the original
7334:
7326:the original
7316:
7299:
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7289:
7278:. Retrieved
7274:the original
7269:
7260:
7248:
7239:
7230:
7222:
7214:
7195:
7177:
7169:
7161:
7153:the original
7143:
7135:the original
7125:
7117:the original
7107:
7096:. Retrieved
7092:
7083:
7046:
7042:
7032:
7016:
7011:
7003:
6998:
6990:
6985:
6971:(2): 67â75.
6968:
6964:
6954:
6946:taalunie.org
6945:
6936:
6924:. Retrieved
6919:
6910:
6901:
6892:
6882:February 24,
6880:. Retrieved
6870:
6854:
6838:
6814:
6807:
6788:
6782:
6758:
6751:
6740:
6733:. Retrieved
6718:
6711:
6702:
6695:. Retrieved
6680:
6673:
6664:
6657:. Retrieved
6642:
6635:
6626:
6620:
6607:
6583:
6553:
6521:
6517:
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6471:
6461:
6437:
6430:
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6399:
6388:. Retrieved
6384:the original
6361:
6327:
6321:
6302:
6296:
6283:
6275:
6261:
6255:
6221:
6214:
6189:
6185:
6179:
6170:
6147:. Retrieved
6135:
6125:
6092:
6088:
6082:
6072:29 September
6070:. Retrieved
6061:
6052:
6025:
6015:
6006:
5984:(1): 59â87.
5981:
5977:
5971:
5959:. Retrieved
5955:
5945:
5936:
5930:
5912:
5905:
5893:. Retrieved
5878:
5871:
5860:. Retrieved
5856:
5846:
5835:
5830:
5821:
5813:
5808:
5797:
5792:
5784:
5779:
5774:(3 vol 2006)
5771:
5766:
5747:
5741:
5733:
5728:
5719:
5713:
5708:(3 vol 2006)
5705:
5700:
5692:
5675:
5667:
5662:
5651:. Retrieved
5636:
5629:
5615:
5596:
5590:
5571:
5561:
5541:
5534:
5506:
5497:
5486:. Retrieved
5482:
5473:
5448:
5444:
5438:
5408:(4): 27â37.
5405:
5401:
5391:
5372:
5366:
5355:
5323:
5319:
5306:
5287:
5281:
5259:(1): 44â83.
5256:
5252:
5242:
5225:
5221:
5215:
5180:
5176:
5170:
5159:. Retrieved
5152:the original
5134:(1): 52â72.
5131:
5127:
5114:
5081:
5077:
5071:
5062:
5053:
5034:
5016:
5010:
4977:
4973:
4963:
4951:. Retrieved
4936:
4926:
4914:. Retrieved
4899:
4889:
4877:. Retrieved
4872:
4863:
4836:
4814:
4809:
4802:
4778:
4771:
4736:
4732:
4722:
4694:
4687:
4659:
4652:
4624:
4617:
4584:
4580:
4570:
4548:(1): 65â92.
4545:
4541:
4531:
4506:
4502:
4492:
4459:
4455:
4445:
4412:
4408:
4398:
4387:. Retrieved
4383:
4373:
4346:
4340:
4320:
4313:
4286:
4280:
4260:
4225:
4221:
4180:
4143:
4137:
4125:. Retrieved
4115:
4088:. Retrieved
4077:
4057:
4038:. Retrieved
4023:
3978:Protectorate
3878:Colonial war
3858:Client state
3720:
3615:
3614:Rest of the
3414:
3370:Turkmenistan
3310:
3303:Central Asia
3269:Saint Helena
3231:), known as
3128:South Africa
3115:
3095:
3042:
3039:in the 1840s
3037:Great Famine
2996:
2994:
2984:
2972:
2957:
2937:
2935:
2924:
2914:
2898:Frantz Fanon
2894:Aimé Césaire
2888:
2881:
2873:
2844:
2835:
2820:Please help
2808:
2768:
2761:
2753:
2744:
2738:'s study of
2720:
2716:
2703:
2688:mercantilism
2658:
2626:
2617:
2609:
2560:
2543:
2540:
2535:Robert Young
2531:
2502:
2478:
2456:
2453:
2445:
2433:
2402:
2394:shipbuilding
2386:
2321:
2298:
2246:
2225:forced labor
2202:
2151:
2097:
2053:Tenochtitlan
2042:
2035:
2032:, 1540â1585)
2027:
1993:
1981:Francophonie
1974:
1970:
1959:
1944:
1941:
1901:
1897:
1874:
1844:
1835:
1820:Please help
1808:
1776:Mesoamerican
1773:
1758:
1736:
1730:
1726:
1717:
1698:
1680:
1665:
1643:Dutch Empire
1557:
1553:
1550:Blackbirding
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1484:
1472:Sierra Leone
1456:
1453:
1446:
1412:
1384:
1376:
1368:abolitionism
1356:exploitation
1341:
1285:
1282:Contemporary
1277:
1253:World War II
1242:
1222:World War II
1219:
1213:
1206:
1203:Nazi Germany
1184:
1164:Grover Clark
1161:
1117:
1111:
1103:20th century
1094:
1055:
1042:
996:
972:Dutch Empire
969:
942:
920:. After the
915:
837:established
835:Leif Erikson
820:
809:
803:and various
774:
722:
681:Anglo-Indian
674:
656:
648:
624:isolationist
537:South Africa
467:
466:
444:
442:
438:
433:
423:
417:
412:
396:
394:
386:
382:
376:
375:
371:
356:
341:
338:Roman Empire
327:
300:regime types
282:
270:colonization
267:
207:mercantilism
185:
160:of resources
151:
150:
129:
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
13482:Colonialism
13436:Geopolitics
13315:Sovereignty
13295:Imperialism
13208:Colonialism
13193:Appeasement
13108:Warsaw Pact
12938:Rubber boom
12921:New Zealand
12453:Colonialism
12279:Land rights
11960:(1835â1840)
11840:(c. 350 BC)
11830:(c. 375 BC)
11447:Tocqueville
11412:Saint-Simon
11377:Montesquieu
11228:Bolingbroke
11160:Machiavelli
11040:Ibn Khaldun
11005:Alpharabius
10998:Middle Ages
10823:Natural law
10798:Common good
10723:Nationalism
10683:Imperialism
10653:Corporatism
10628:Colonialism
10608:Agrarianism
10587:Technocracy
10567:Meritocracy
10547:Bureaucracy
10537:Aristocracy
10296:colonialism
9783:"Greenland"
8471:, Colonial
7661:(2): 1â20.
7531:(1): 6â18.
7240:LiveScience
7093:www.pbs.org
6948:(in Dutch).
6478:: 164â203.
5961:29 November
5895:12 February
5510:Cambridge:
4714:j.ctt9qh05m
4228:(1): 1â18.
3968:Orientalism
3743:New Zealand
3557:Puerto Rico
3525:El Salvador
3501:White Cuban
3438: 1890
3387:Philippines
3210:Ivory Coast
3049:Han Chinese
2997:colonistics
2991:Colonistics
2942:metaphysics
2910:Lautréamont
2889:Orientalism
2884:Edward SaĂŻd
2646:thrives on
2638:to finance
2509:outer space
2475:in history.
2467:Map of the
2449:J.B. Harley
2421:The Tropics
2390:cartography
2320:, peppers,
2162:Renaissance
2133:. In 1875,
2108:New Zealand
1926:The annual
1755:, 1823â1831
1683:New Zealand
1403:Roman Egypt
1399:Myos Hormos
1360:enslavement
1338:, May 1946.
1187:World War I
1149:concessions
1137:Afghanistan
781:Phoenicians
529:New Zealand
496:immigration
413:colonialism
404:imperialism
348:Definitions
227:biopolitics
215:coloniality
203:World War I
165:imperialist
152:Colonialism
143:factory in
13476:Categories
13390:Liberalism
13335:Friendship
13320:Suzerainty
12908:Oka Crisis
12591:Two-spirit
12316:ecological
12246:Indigenous
12168:Separatism
11976:On Liberty
11876:The Prince
11605:Huntington
11108:Campanella
11035:al-Ghazali
10984:Thucydides
10942:Lactantius
10887:Statolatry
10713:Monarchism
10693:Liberalism
10618:Capitalism
10601:Ideologies
10582:Plutocracy
10530:Government
10486:Revolution
10471:Propaganda
10421:Legitimacy
10396:Government
10189:Ab Imperio
9793:2012-08-23
9740:2012-08-23
9511:2007-11-21
9477:2007-11-15
9422:2010-01-24
9355:"Honduras"
9336:2007-11-26
9282:2008-10-13
9248:2007-11-21
9006:. Source:
8532:2023-05-08
8477:Psychology
8461:7 December
7350:2022-02-12
7280:2019-09-29
7270:archive.fo
7098:2019-09-29
6926:9 November
6390:2016-02-15
6149:2019-09-29
5862:2023-04-13
5857:Al Jazeera
5653:2023-04-01
5488:2021-05-11
5198:1885/27945
5161:2019-04-16
4815:Britannica
4754:2263/71163
4389:2024-03-08
4162:1048081465
4005:References
3693:Portuguese
3673:Martinique
3592:Mennonites
3491:Costa Rica
3433:, Brazil,
3376:Tajikistan
3364:Kyrgyzstan
3356:and other
3350:Uzbekistan
3336:Kazakhstan
3330:Ukrainians
3239:Seychelles
3051:ancestry:
3003:Migrations
2956:. Hegel's
2906:Baudelaire
2838:April 2021
2748:craniology
2732:phrenology
2724:craniology
2700:Adam Smith
2692:free trade
2664:Adam Smith
2644:free trade
2636:capitalism
2629:free trade
2398:navigation
2237:rinderpest
2205:Jörg Baten
2045:Hispaniola
2008:See also:
1951:Portuguese
1946:Pied-Noirs
1938:community.
1838:April 2021
1638:1,552,100
1627:1,600,200
1616:1,665,000
1605:3,646,800
1564:Cape Verde
1372:Indigenous
1243:The word "
1064:, and the
999:separatism
875:the Levant
833:) such as
727:(1872) by
628:Opium Wars
390:Dictionary
318:See also:
278:metropoles
243:disability
195:modern era
101:April 2021
71:newspapers
13426:Diplomacy
13330:Bilateral
13228:Grey-zone
13181:Coalition
13140:1919â1939
13135:1814â1919
13130:1648â1814
12559:Rancherie
12554:RancherĂa
12529:Bantustan
12470:Biopiracy
12299:in Canada
11886:Leviathan
11866:Monarchia
11860:(c. 1274)
11695:Oakeshott
11640:Mansfield
11635:Luxemburg
11620:Kropotkin
11515:Bernstein
11468:centuries
11382:Nietzsche
11325:Jefferson
11253:Condorcet
11201:centuries
11180:Pufendorf
11045:Marsilius
10932:Confucius
10917:Aristotle
10910:Antiquity
10838:Noble lie
10758:Third Way
10753:Socialism
10678:Feudalism
10633:Communism
10613:Anarchism
10592:Theocracy
10577:Oligarchy
10557:Democracy
10542:Autocracy
10456:Pluralism
10441:Obedience
10406:Hierarchy
10366:Authority
10228:, Mainz:
10209:155635060
10162:, Mainz:
10060:, Mainz:
9594:1405-1435
9021:HK Census
8593:, p. 141.
8526:ChinaFile
8473:Sociology
8469:Economics
8431:. YouGov.
7944:907133189
7876:March 12,
7850:March 12,
7824:March 12,
7800:1448-2940
7726:161167051
7675:145766679
7633:161167051
6538:156822667
6241:cite book
6206:162411962
6144:0040-781X
6117:240567127
6109:1740-3898
5998:166252688
5465:225917190
5430:153821137
5422:1936-6167
5340:130148053
5273:233635930
5207:144872634
5148:147875813
5106:162692337
4994:0003-1224
4855:0003-0554
4763:0013-0133
4601:0036-8075
4562:1941-1383
4523:0002-8282
4476:0003-1224
4429:0020-8833
4305:268789976
4242:0145-5532
4090:8 January
3767:Zoreilles
3733:Australia
3667:Greenland
3603:Venezuela
3545:Nicaragua
3445:Argentina
3431:SĂŁo Paulo
3382:Hong Kong
3233:Canarians
3229:Spaniards
3190:Mauritius
3168:Pied-noir
3100:ancestry
3090:Manchuria
3078:Singapore
2973:The 2014
2968:racialism
2917:discourse
2869:Hong Kong
2809:does not
2702:wrote in
2366:Geography
2235:from the
2168:began in
2127:influenza
2115:Hawaiians
2100:Australia
2085:Old World
2081:New World
2069:1837â1838
1995:from the
1809:does not
1784:gunpowder
1700:apartheid
1480:Singapore
1476:Hong Kong
1201:started.
1145:Abyssinia
967:in 1494.
867:Crusaders
859:Byzantine
855:Amalfians
847:Venetians
797:Phoenicia
771:Antiquity
741:telegraph
729:John Gast
709:Indonesia
703:. In the
609:, c. 1820
563:metropole
509:Australia
505:Argentina
468:The Times
314:Etymology
231:sexuality
223:subaltern
156:of people
13385:Feminism
13238:Idealism
13233:Hegemony
13186:Military
13171:Alliance
13164:Concepts
13150:Cold War
13032:Glossary
12519:Homeland
12430:more ...
12284:Language
12141:Centrism
11836:Politics
11826:Republic
11795:Voegelin
11775:Spengler
11760:Shariati
11735:Rothbard
11690:Nussbaum
11590:Habermas
11565:Fukuyama
11555:Foucault
11480:Ambedkar
11457:Voltaire
11427:de Staël
11402:Rousseau
11283:Franklin
11258:Constant
11218:Beccaria
11050:Muhammad
11030:Gelasius
11015:Averroes
10989:Xenophon
10969:Polybius
10922:Chanakya
10767:Concepts
10733:Populism
10703:Localism
10688:Islamism
10673:Feminism
10572:Monarchy
10476:Property
10466:Progress
10431:Monopoly
10401:Hegemony
10108:Resendez
10085:(2006),
9810:Archived
9647:(p. 14).
9641:Archived
9149:(p. 58).
9122:. UAEM.
9024:Archived
8921:BBC News
8852:Archived
8719:BBC News
8700:19474655
8692:17108254
8606:Archived
8506:8 August
8268:Archived
8175:Archived
7580:July 31,
7449:59931797
7385:Archived
7367:Archived
7203:Archived
7185:Archived
7075:18159275
7021:Archived
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6562:Archived
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5514:, 2004.
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5098:40388468
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4609:32217703
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3709:Hispanic
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3573:Paraguay
3539:Mestizos
3519:Honduras
3481:Colombia
3354:Russians
3322:Russians
3279:Eswatini
3174:Botswana
3154:Zimbabwe
3098:European
3084:Malaysia
3056:Xinjiang
2954:subjects
2886:'s book
2763:Othering
2758:Othering
2633:monopoly
2505:deep sea
2340:Moluccas
2314:cinnamon
2188:against
2186:vaccines
2174:pandemic
2158:Columbus
2154:syphilis
2147:Hokkaido
2089:immunity
2038:smallpox
1910:and the
1737:de facto
1660:399,000
1649:500,000
1488:de facto
1426:Istanbul
1422:Belgrade
1395:Augustus
1344:diseases
1259:and the
1045:humans.
963:and the
949:Americas
918:Anatolia
887:Dalmatia
871:Outremer
851:Genovese
839:colonies
831:Norsemen
817:Medieval
810:coloniae
791:founded
737:Columbia
697:Kristang
662:mestizos
630:and the
585:and the
500:settlers
408:conquest
274:colonies
188:European
134:entrepĂŽt
13405:Realism
13395:Marxism
13258:Liberal
13176:Entente
13122:History
13050:Present
12690:Taiwan
12665:Russia
12645:Mexico
12635:Canada
12625:Brazil
12492:Redface
12321:medical
12178:Statism
12091:Elitism
12049:Related
11850:(51 BC)
11780:Strauss
11755:Scruton
11750:Schmitt
11740:Russell
11660:Michels
11655:Maurras
11650:Marcuse
11610:Kautsky
11580:Gramsci
11575:Gentile
11545:Dworkin
11535:Du Bois
11530:Dmowski
11525:Chomsky
11520:Burnham
11505:Benoist
11475:Agamben
11442:Thoreau
11432:Stirner
11422:Spencer
11367:Mazzini
11357:Maistre
11352:Madison
11347:Le Play
11278:Fourier
11243:Carlyle
11223:Bentham
11213:Bastiat
11208:Bakunin
11185:Spinoza
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11118:Grotius
11098:Bossuet
11065:Plethon
11010:Aquinas
10979:Sun Tzu
10947:Mencius
10937:Han Fei
10708:Marxism
10668:Fascism
10501:Society
10426:Liberty
10411:Justice
10391:Freedom
10310:(ed.).
10173:(1941).
10037:(1970)
9965:excerpt
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9186:1050080
8832:Tunisia
8796:Senegal
8576:16 June
8203:May 22,
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4953:5 April
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3722:Oceania
3639:Bermuda
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3579:Uruguay
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545:Uruguay
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12762:bodies
12717:bodies
12609:bodies
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12040:(1992)
12030:(1971)
12020:(1951)
12010:(1945)
12000:(1944)
11990:(1929)
11980:(1859)
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11790:Taylor
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11585:Guénon
11570:Gandhi
11510:Berlin
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11495:Badiou
11485:Arendt
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11293:Haller
11288:Godwin
11273:Fichte
11268:Engels
11263:Cortés
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11155:Luther
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11081:period
11060:Ockham
10927:Cicero
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