829:
9313:
9295:
1280:
1070:, formerly controlled by the Khmer Empire but part of Vietnam since 1698. Khmers are persecuted by the Vietnamese government for using their native language and, since the 1950s, have been forced to take Vietnamese names. Consequently, very little research has been published regarding this dialect. It has been generally influenced by Vietnamese for three centuries and accordingly displays a pronounced accent, tendency toward monosyllabic words and lexical differences from Standard Khmer.
9039:
9219:
9233:
1860:
266:
11403:
1121:
292:
445:
305:
3756:, on the other hand, identifies "a couple dozen" parts of speech in Khmer with the caveat that Khmer words have the freedom to perform a variety of syntactic functions depending on such factors as word order, relevant particles, location within a clause, intonation and context. Some of the more important lexical categories and their function are demonstrated in the following example sentence taken from a hospital brochure:
465:
70:
1102:. Following the decline of Angkor, the Khmer abandoned their northern territories, which the Lao then settled. In the 17th century, Chey Chetha XI led a Khmer force into Stung Treng to retake the area. The Khmer Khe living in this area of Stung Treng in modern times are presumed to be the descendants of this group. Their dialect is thought to resemble that of pre-modern Siem Reap.
915:
1243:, resisted the French and Thai influences on their language. Forming the government sponsored Cultural Committee to define and standardize the modern language, they championed Khmerization, purging of foreign elements, reviving affixation, and the use of Old Khmer roots and historical Pali and Sanskrit to coin new words for modern ideas. Opponents, led by
1236:-speaking aristocracy. This led to French becoming the language of higher education and the intellectual class. By 1907, the French had wrested over half of modern-day Cambodia, including the north and northwest where Thai had been the prestige language, back from Thai control and reintegrated it into the country.
8578:
in which the speaker must always be conscious of the social status of the person spoken to. The different registers, which include those used for common speech, polite speech, speaking to or about royals and speaking to or about monks, employ alternate verbs, names of body parts and pronouns. As an
3529:
on every second syllable from the end. Thus in a three-syllable word, the first syllable has secondary stress; in a four-syllable word, the second syllable has secondary stress; in a five-syllable word, the first and third syllables have secondary stress, and so on. Long polysyllables are not often
1855:
Various authors have proposed slightly different analyses of the Khmer vowel system. This may be in part because of the wide degree of variation in pronunciation between individual speakers, even within a dialectal region. The description below follows
Huffman (1970). The number of vowel nuclei and
1785:
can be inserted between the stop and the aspiration; for example ('big') becomes ('size') with a nominalizing infix. When one of these plosives occurs initially before another consonant, aspiration is no longer contrastive and can be regarded as mere phonetic detail: slight aspiration is expected
956:
in Khmer) refers to the dialects spoken by many in several border provinces of present-day northeast
Thailand. After the fall of the Khmer Empire in the early 15th century, the Dongrek Mountains served as a natural border leaving the Khmer north of the mountains under the sphere of influence of the
9073:
Consonant symbols in Khmer are divided into two groups, or series. The first series carries the inherent vowel while the second series carries the inherent vowel . The Khmer names of the series, ('voiceless') and ('voiced'), respectively, indicate that the second series consonants were used to
1254:
Koeus later joined the
Cultural Committee and supported Nath. Nath's views and prolific work won out and he is credited with cultivating modern Khmer-language identity and culture, overseeing the translation of the entire Pali Buddhist canon into Khmer. He also created the modern Khmer language
4727:
particles. Three of the more common particles used to create nouns are , , and . These particles are prefixed most often to verbs to form abstract nouns. The latter, derived from
Sanskrit, also occurs as a suffix in fixed forms borrowed from Sanskrit and Pali such as ("health") from ("to be
2527:
The independent vowels are the vowels that can exist without a preceding or trailing consonant. The independent vowels may be used as monosyllabic words, or as the initial syllables in longer words. Khmer words never begin with regular vowels; they can, however, begin with independent vowels.
5586:
are present without any grammatical markers, the preferred order is SV(DO)(IO). In such a case, if the direct object phrase contains multiple components, the indirect object immediately follows the noun of the direct object phrase and the direct object's modifiers follow the indirect object:
10861:
1014:
of syllables, which speakers from other regions consider a "relaxed" pronunciation. For instance, "Phnom Penh" is sometimes shortened to "m'Penh". Another characteristic of Phnom Penh speech is observed in words with an "r" either as an initial consonant or as the second member of a
1131:
study of the Khmer language divides its history into four periods one of which, the Old Khmer period, is subdivided into pre-Angkorian and
Angkorian. Pre-Angkorian Khmer is the Old Khmer language from 600 CE through 800. Angkorian Khmer is the language as it was spoken in the
9147:
9187:
Mônŭss teăng ás kaeut môk méan sériphéap nĭng phéap smaeu-smaeu knéa knŏng sĕtthĭ, nĭng séchâkdei thlaithnor. Mônŭss krôb rub sŏtth tê méan vĭcharônânhnhéan nĭng sâtĕsâmbâchônhnheă, haeuy trov brâprœ̆tt châmpŏăh knéa tŏu vĭnh tŏu môk knŏng smarôtei roăp an knéa chéa bâng
919:
917:
7576:. Word order in clauses is the same for that of the basic sentences described above. Coordinate clauses do not necessarily have to be marked; they can simply follow one another. When explicitly marked, they are joined by words similar to English conjunctions such as
922:
921:
916:
923:
4300:(independent words) of similar meaning to form a compound signifying a concept more general than either word alone. Coordinate compounds join either two nouns or two verbs. Repetitive compounds, one of the most productive derivational features of Khmer, use
9148:
3524:
Words with three or more syllables, if they are not compounds, are mostly loanwords, usually derived from Pali, Sanskrit, or more recently, French. They are nonetheless adapted to Khmer stress patterns. Primary stress falls on the final syllable, with
5456:
is the rules and processes that describe how sentences are formed in a particular language, how words relate to each other within clauses or phrases and how those phrases relate to each other within a sentence to convey meaning. Khmer syntax is very
10865:
9057:
of India before the 7th century when the first known inscription appeared. Written left-to-right with vowel signs that can be placed after, before, above or below the consonant they follow, the Khmer script is similar in appearance and usage to
4304:
of an entire word to derive words whose meaning depends on the class of the reduplicated word. A repetitive compound of a noun indicates plurality or generality while that of an adjectival verb could mean either an intensification or plurality.
4817:
follow the noun they modify. Adverbs likewise follow the verb. Morphologically, adjectives and adverbs are not distinguished, with many words often serving either function. Adjectives are also employed as verbs as Khmer sentences rarely use a
3464:(unstressed syllable preceding the main syllable of a word) has a structure of CV-, CrV-, CVN- or CrVN- (where C is a consonant, V a vowel, and N a nasal consonant). The vowels in such syllables are usually short; in conversation they may be
634:, the dialect of the central plain where the Khmer are most heavily concentrated. Within Cambodia, regional accents exist in remote areas but these are regarded as varieties of Central Khmer. Two exceptions are the speech of the capital,
920:
9202:/mɔnuhtĕaŋɑhkaət̚mɔːk̚miənseːrəjpʰiəp̚nɨŋpʰiəp̚smaəsmaəkniəknoŋsət̚nɨŋseːc̚k̚ɗəjtʰlajtʰnou.mɔnuhkrup̚ruːp̚sot̚taemiənvicaːranaɲiənnɨŋsatəsampacŏəɲɲeaʔhaəjtrouʋprɑprɨtcɑmpŭəhkniətɨwʋɨɲtɨwmɔːk̚knoŋsmaːrɔːɗəjrŏəp̚ʔaːnkniəciəɓɑːŋpʔoun/
6515:
Khmer verbs are completely uninflected, and once a subject or topic has been introduced or is clear from context the noun phrase may be dropped. Thus, the simplest possible sentence in Khmer consists of a single verb. For example,
7769:
system: the numbers from 6 to 9 have the form "five one", "five two", etc. The words for multiples of ten from 30 to 90 are not related to the basic Khmer numbers, but are
Chinese in origin, and probably came to Khmer via Thai.
5461:. Relationships between words and phrases are signified primarily by word order supplemented with auxiliary verbs and, particularly in formal and literary registers, grammatical marking particles. Grammatical phenomena such as
9074:
represent the voiced phonemes of Old Khmer. As the voicing of stops was lost, however, the contrast shifted to the phonation of the attached vowels, which, in turn, evolved into a simple difference of vowel quality, often by
6457:
marked attributes in Old Khmer noun phrases and is used in formal and literary language to signify that what precedes is the noun and what follows is the attribute. Modern usage may carry the connotation of mild intensity.
4615:
Possession is colloquially expressed by word order. The possessor is placed after the thing that is possessed. Alternatively, in more complex sentences or when emphasis is required, a possessive construction using the word
5987:
are a class of words that serve to index the social status of the referent. Honorifics can be kinship terms or personal names, both of which are often used as first and second person pronouns, or specialized words such as
5255:
Adjectival verbs are a word class that has no equivalent in
English. When modifying a noun or verb, they function as adjectives or adverbs, respectively, but they may also be used as main verbs equivalent to English "be +
4100:, but this is a remnant of Old Khmer and not always productive in the modern language. Khmer morphology is evidence of a historical process through which the language was, at some point in the past, changed from being an
1151:. The language of this transition period, from about the 14th to 18th centuries, is referred to as Middle Khmer and saw borrowings from Thai in the literary register. Modern Khmer is dated from the 19th century to today.
4593:, for example, and are often dropped in colloquial speech. Khmer nouns are divided into two groups: mass nouns, which take classifiers; and specific, nouns, which do not. The overwhelming majority are mass nouns.
1228:. Thailand, which had for centuries claimed suzerainty over Cambodia and controlled succession to the Cambodian throne, began losing its influence on the language. In 1887 Cambodia was fully integrated into
3539:, the name of a kind of cookie (literally 'bird's nest'), is pronounced , with secondary stress on the second rather than the first syllable, because it is composed of the words ('nest') and ('bird').
805:, has been studied since 1856 and was first proposed as a language family in 1907. Despite the amount of research, there is still doubt about the internal relationship of the languages of Austroasiatic.
9870:
840:, where it is the official language. It is also a second language for most of the minority groups and indigenous hill tribes there. Additionally there are a million speakers of Khmer native to southern
10193:
9078:. This process has resulted in the Khmer alphabet having two symbols for most consonant phonemes and each vowel symbol having two possible readings, depending on the series of the initial consonant:
9172:មនុស្សទាំងអស់កើតមកមានសេរីភាពនិងភាពស្មើៗគ្នាក្នុងសិទ្ធិ និងសេចក្ដីថ្លៃថ្នូរ ។ មនុស្សគ្រប់រូបសុទ្ធតែមានវិចារណញ្ញាណនិងសតិសម្បជញ្ញៈ ហើយត្រូវប្រព្រឹត្ដចំពោះគ្នាទៅវិញទៅមកក្នុងស្មារតីរាប់អានគ្នាជាបងប្អូន ។
984:, which has become silent in other dialects of Khmer, is still pronounced in Northern Khmer. Some linguists classify Northern Khmer as a separate but closely related language rather than a dialect.
820:. More recent classifications doubt the validity of the Mon-Khmer sub-grouping and place the Khmer language as its own branch of Austroasiatic equidistant from the other 12 branches of the family.
3738:(modifiers follow the words they modify). Some grammatical processes are still not fully understood by western scholars. For example, it is not clear if certain features of Khmer grammar, such as
9149:
10952:
Jacob, Judith. (1966). 'Some features of Khmer versification', in C. E. Bazell, J. C. Catford, M. A. K. Halliday, and R. H. Robins, eds., In Memory of J. R Firth, 227–41. London: Longman.
7493:("to hit", "to be correct", "to affect") as an auxiliary verb meaning "to be subject to" or "to undergo"—which results in sentences that are translated to English using the passive voice.
5480:
A complete Khmer sentence consists of four basic elements—an optional topic, an optional subject, an obligatory predicate, and various adverbials and particles. The topic and subject are
9626:
3716:
language, instead preferring predicative adjectives (and even predicative nouns) unless using a copula for emphasis or to avoid ambiguity in more complex sentences. Basic word order is
1034:
This alters the quality of any preceding consonant, causing a harder, more emphasized pronunciation. Another unique result is that the syllable is spoken with a low-rising or "dipping"
5060:
and can be divided into two types, main verbs and auxiliary verbs. Huffman defined a Khmer verb as "any word that can be (negated)", and further divided main verbs into three classes.
6007:
If the noun phrase contains a possessive adjective, it follows the noun and precedes the numeral. If a descriptive attribute co-occurs with a possessive, the possessive construction (
918:
1048:('fish') as : the is dropped and the vowel begins by dipping much lower in tone than standard speech and then rises, effectively doubling its length. Another example is the word
969:
furthered their political and economic isolation from
Cambodia proper, leading to a dialect that developed relatively independently from the midpoint of the Middle Khmer period.
3742:, should be treated as a morphological process or a purely syntactic device, and some derivational morphology seems "purely decorative" and performs no known syntactic work.
767:, since at least the 7th century. The script's form and use has evolved over the centuries; its modern features include subscripted versions of consonants used to write
10022:
3752:, an early scholar of Khmer, claimed the language had no parts of speech, while a later scholar, Judith Jacob, posited four parts of speech and innumerable particles.
793:
language family, the autochthonous family in an area that stretches from the Malay
Peninsula through Southeast Asia to East India. Austroasiatic, which also includes
7739:
if they do not immediately follow the head noun. Khmer subordinate conjunctions always precede a subordinate clause. Subordinate conjunctions include words such as
4716:, so kinship terms, nicknames and proper names are often used instead of pronouns (including for the first person) among intimates. Subject pronouns are frequently
4708:
are subject to a complicated system of social register, the choice of pronoun depending on the perceived relationships between speaker, audience and referent (see
1247:, who embraced "total Khmerization" by denouncing the reversion to classical languages and favoring the use of contemporary colloquial Khmer for neologisms, and
9859:
1856:
their values vary between dialects; differences exist even between the
Standard Khmer system and that of the Battambang dialect on which the standard is based.
7603:("that") but, similar to coordinate clauses, often simply follow the main clause. For example, both phrases below can mean "the hospital bed that has wheels".
10200:
720:
structure is common, and the perceived social relation between participants determines which sets of vocabulary, such as pronouns and honorifics, are proper.
13011:
3619:, questions and exclamations. The available grammatical means of making such distinctions are not always used, or may be ambiguous; for example, the final
3503:(i.e. as having one-and-a-half syllables). There are also some disyllabic words in which the first syllable does not behave as a minor syllable, but takes
9467:
Diffloth, Gérard (2005). "The contribution of linguistic palaeontology and Austroasiatic". in Laurent Sagart, Roger Blench and Alicia Sanchez-Mazas, eds.
7050:
can also mean "Go!". Various words and particles may be added to the verb to soften the command to varying degrees, including to the point of politeness (
9845:
12614:
4509:
particles, numerals, or reduplication of a following adjective, which, although similar to intensification, is usually not ambiguous due to context.
1773:(as vs. , etc.); this difference is contrastive before a vowel. However, the aspirated sounds in that position may be analyzed as sequences of two
14450:
11033:. Manoa, Hawai'i: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, School of Hawaiian, Asian and Pacific Studies, University of Hawai'i at Manoa. OCLC: 56840636
13136:
11391:
11182:
10914:
10104:
3445:, which is a single consonant. If the syllable is stressed and the vowel is short, there must be a final consonant. All consonant sounds except
14480:
11968:
11157:
NOUN:noun VERB:verb OBJ:object OM:object marker MARKER:marker REL:relative COHORT:cohortative DIR:directional COMPL:complement RESP:respectful
9603:
9544:
8603:. Another result is that the pronominal system is complex and full of honorific variations, just a few of which are shown in the table below.
6520:'to go' on its own can mean "I'm going.", "He went.", "They've gone.", "Let's go.", etc. This also results in long strings of verbs such as:
4296:
in Khmer is a common derivational process that takes two forms, coordinate compounds and repetitive compounds. Coordinate compounds join two
3704:
and many of these have survived in Modern Khmer but are used sparingly, mostly in literary or formal language. Khmer makes extensive use of
10157:
9924:
10427:
7781:
The principal number words are listed in the following table, which gives Western and Khmer digits, Khmer spelling and IPA transcription.
3634:
The intonation pattern of a typical Khmer declarative phrase is a steady rise throughout followed by an abrupt drop on the last syllable.
11135:
3468:
to , although in careful or formal speech, including on television and radio, they are clearly articulated. An example of such a word is
10349:
6765:
at the end of the sentence or clause. In colloquial speech, verbs can also be negated without the need for a final particle, by placing
11129:
9748:
13016:
11140:
10781:
10697:
13028:
10780:. Canberra, ACT: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University: 139–149–6.
1402:
10626:
10301:
4108:
and cannot be used productively to form new words. Below are some of the most common affixes with examples as given by Huffman.
4062:
you you provide blood every all must {have to} receive {} {} examine shape body and provide {} history health be before be first
9404:
7778:, which like Khmer numerals were inherited from Indian, but first passed through the Arabic numerals before reaching the west.
11369:
10007:
12607:
10609:
9955:
9816:
9586:
9378:
9158:
6983:
Different senses of future action can also be expressed by the use of adverbs like "tomorrow" or by the future tense marker
649:
Outside of Cambodia, three distinct dialects are spoken by ethnic Khmers native to areas that were historically part of the
11003:
An English-spoken Khmer dictionary: with romanized writing system, usage, and idioms, and notes on Khmer speech and grammar
3664:
Exclamatory phrases follow the typical steadily rising pattern, but rise sharply on the last syllable instead of falling.
11384:
11175:
4059:/loːk nĕəʔ pʰɗɑl cʰiəm teaŋ ʔɑh trəw tae tɔtuəl nəw kaː pinɨt riəŋ kaːj nɨŋ pʰɗɑl nəw prɑʋɔət sokʰapʰiəp ciə mun ciə sən/
1739:
1711:
1415:
The phonological system described here is the inventory of sounds of the standard spoken language, represented using the
482:
11124:
11961:
10836:
10727:
10578:
10543:
10284:
9987:
3592:, the colloquial Phnom Penh dialect has developed a tonal contrast (level versus peaking tone) as a by-product of the
747:
on the final syllable, hence many words conform to the typical Mon–Khmer pattern of a stressed syllable preceded by a
11076:
11062:
11048:
11024:
11010:
10996:
10978:
10964:
10947:
10933:
10905:
10683:
10394:
9724:
9711:
9489:
661:
and is treated by some linguists as a separate language. Khmer Krom, or Southern Khmer, is the first language of the
523:
478:
4068:'All blood donors must pass a physical examination and provide a health history first (before they can give blood).'
1217:
Just as modern Khmer was emerging from the transitional period represented by Middle Khmer, Cambodia fell under the
12600:
2544:
of two, or rarely three, consonants. The only possible clusters of three consonants at the start of a syllable are
938:, the language as taught in Cambodian schools and used by the media, is based on the dialect spoken throughout the
11145:
3495:
Most Khmer words consist of either one or two syllables. In most native disyllabic words, the first syllable is a
1992:
1983:
1416:
1218:
3647:
Other intonation contours signify a different type of phrase such as the "full doubt" interrogative, similar to
14470:
14465:
12581:
11377:
11168:
3651:
in English. Full doubt interrogatives remain fairly even in tone throughout, but rise sharply towards the end.
2053:
2044:
1733:
10008:"The Establishment of the National Language in Twentieth-Century Cambodia: Debates on Orthography and Coinage"
980:, lexical differences, and phonemic differences in both vowels and distribution of consonants. Syllable-final
14475:
13390:
12709:
12037:
11954:
10716:
Principles and Prediction: The analysis of natural language. Papers in honor of Gerald Sanders (Volume 98 of
10389:. Bureau of Special Research in Modern Languages. The Catholic University of America Press. Washington, D.C.
4862:" (A is the most X). Intensity is also expressed syntactically, similar to other languages of the region, by
1949:
1940:
435:
347:
20:
9669:"Essai de phonétique historique du khmer (du milieu du premier millénaire de notre ère à l'époque actuelle)"
8462:
Intermediate numbers are formed by compounding the above elements. Powers of ten are denoted by loan words:
5678:
This ordering of objects can be changed and the meaning clarified with the inclusion of particles. The word
855:, although mutually intelligible, are sometimes quite marked. Notable variations are found in speakers from
366:
14460:
14365:
14020:
13981:
13023:
12866:
12032:
10806:
Jacob, Judith M (1965). "Notes on the numerals and numeral coefficients on Old, Middle, and Modern Khmer".
7424:
In more formal contexts and in polite speech, questions are also marked at their beginning by the particle
2028:
2019:
1638:
1395:
939:
646:, both of which differ sufficiently enough from Central Khmer to be considered separate dialects of Khmer.
10143:"An Examination of the Vowels and final Consonants in Correspondences between pre-Angkor and modern Khmer"
9201:
8600:
8596:
8592:
8588:
8584:
8580:
8563:
8543:
8529:
8515:
8501:
8487:
8473:
8447:
8418:
8387:
8358:
8327:
8298:
8267:
8238:
8234:
8203:
8174:
8143:
8114:
8083:
8054:
8023:
7994:
7963:
7959:
7930:
7889:
7848:
7748:
7744:
7740:
7736:
7600:
7593:
7589:
7585:
7581:
7577:
7490:
7425:
7269:
7192:
7184:
7047:
6984:
6908:
6771:
6762:
6753:
6583:
6579:
6575:
6517:
6454:
6008:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5989:
5753:
5679:
5042:
4859:
4855:
4842:
4838:
4623:
3628:
3597:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3450:
3446:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3401:
3393:
3387:
3373:
3363:
3357:
3351:
3339:
3333:
3328:
3310:
3304:
3298:
3292:
3282:
3276:
3268:
3260:
3254:
3248:
3239:
3223:
3186:
3170:
3164:
3154:
3148:
3140:
3134:
3128:
3122:
3116:
3110:
3102:
3096:
3090:
3084:
3079:
3063:
3057:
3051:
3045:
3039:
3033:
3027:
3021:
3015:
3009:
3003:
2995:
2989:
2983:
2977:
2971:
2966:
2950:
2944:
2936:
2930:
2922:
2914:
2908:
2902:
2896:
2888:
2880:
2874:
2869:
2853:
2847:
2839:
2833:
2827:
2821:
2813:
2807:
2801:
2795:
2783:
2777:
2772:
2754:
2748:
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2718:
2712:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2686:
2680:
2671:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2519:
2509:
2499:
2489:
2479:
2469:
2459:
2449:
2439:
2429:
2419:
2409:
2399:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2200:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2167:
2158:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1778:
1766:
981:
14455:
11353:
8575:
6907:
Past tense can be conveyed by adverbs, such as "yesterday" or by the use of perfective particles such as
4297:
3717:
2068:
1931:
1922:
1660:
1648:
992:, also called Cardamom Khmer or Chanthaburi Khmer, is spoken by a very small, isolated population in the
701:
608:
321:
875:
running roughly north to south. Standard Cambodian Khmer is mutually intelligible with the others but a
12507:
11435:
4082:
2095:
2086:
1750:
1531:
1515:
10097:
2327:) coda because they cannot be followed by a final consonant. These include: (with short monophthongs)
712:
appear after numbers when used to count nouns, though not always so consistently as in languages like
13806:
12563:
11542:
5752:
Alternatively, the indirect object could precede the direct object if the object-marking preposition
3581:). These processes explain the origin of what are now called a-series and o-series consonants in the
2113:
2104:
1610:
1595:
1547:
1010:
is spoken in the capital and surrounding areas. This dialect is characterized by merging or complete
326:
12239:
10911:
9736:
Olivier, Bernon de (1988). Cholticha, Bamroongraks; Wilaiwan, Khanittanan; Laddawan, Permch (eds.).
9552:
9312:
9294:
7824:
7803:
538:
14372:
13305:
11710:
10714:
Moravcsik, Edith M. (1993). "Why is Syntax Complicated". In Mushira, Eid; Iverson, Gregory (eds.).
5462:
5057:
5050:
4582:
4089:
4085:
3731:
3709:
3608:
3488:
in Khmer falls on the final syllable of a word. Because of this predictable pattern, stress is non-
1967:
1958:
1140:
879:
speaker from Vietnam, for instance, may have great difficulty communicating with a Khmer native of
709:
429:
10893:(Du milieu du premier millénaire de notre ère à l'époque actuelle)", Mon–Khmer Studies XXI: 57–89)
9898:
9066:, both of which were based on the Khmer system. The Khmer script is also distantly related to the
14445:
13596:
12623:
12487:
12010:
11828:
11555:
11308:
11224:
10142:
9668:
7277:
7260:
There are three basic types of questions in Khmer. Questions requesting specific information use
4065:
PN PN VERB NOUN PTCL ADJ AUX INT VERB OM NMLZ VERB NOUN NOUN CNJ VERB OM NOUN ADJ COP ADV COP ADV
1616:
1601:
1563:
1388:
1255:
dictionary that is still in use today, helping preserve Khmer during the French colonial period.
790:
784:
183:
11092:—An online audio dictionary for learning Khmer, with thousands of native speaker recordings and
10412:
10128:
9918:"The deliberate use of foreign vocabulary by the Khmer: changing fashions, methods, and sources"
9917:
7276:
are indicated with various particles and rising inflection. The SVO word order is generally not
6578:; it is used to convey identity with nominal predicates. For locative predicates, the copula is
4626:, "property, object") may be employed. In formal and literary contexts, the possessive particle
14379:
14313:
13326:
13300:
12576:
12462:
12339:
12258:
11935:
11743:
11659:
11594:
11502:
11471:
11399:
9067:
5049:) and adverbs (such as "yesterday", "earlier", "tomorrow"), or may be understood from context.
4293:
4101:
3701:
3620:
3508:
3454:
1770:
1340:
1225:
1172:
946:
886:
The following is a classification scheme showing the development of the modern Khmer dialects.
654:
553:
398:
204:
12427:
10778:
SEALS XIII Papers from the 13th Annual Meeting of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society 2003
10342:
9455:
1054:('study'), which is pronounced , with the uvular "r" and the same intonation described above.
14422:
14386:
14318:
11882:
11813:
11601:
11407:
11191:
9261:
6574:
Khmer uses three verbs for what translates into English as the copula. The general copula is
4814:
4717:
3721:
3558:
1685:
1474:
1465:
689:
612:
13035:
12213:
9737:
5682:, which normally means "to arrive" or "towards", can be used as a preposition meaning "to":
1000:. Although little studied, this variety is unique in that it maintains a definite system of
14393:
13948:
13543:
12352:
12301:
11977:
11756:
11720:
4825:
4819:
3616:
3561:). The distinction arose historically when vowels after Old Khmer voiced consonants became
3485:
1483:
1319:
1099:
1001:
744:
697:
643:
10762:
700:
and auxiliary words are used to indicate grammatical relationships. General word order is
8:
14195:
13462:
13006:
12841:
12831:
12571:
12482:
11991:
11649:
11292:
11267:
10694:
7489:
Khmer does not have a passive voice, but there is a construction utilizing the main verb
7265:
7046:
are often unmarked. For example, in addition to the meanings given above, the "sentence"
5033:
3648:
2556:
etc.). All the clusters are shown in the following table, phonetically, i.e. superscript
1802:
1569:
1553:
1537:
1521:
1039:
860:
828:
809:
798:
736:
585:
136:
12477:
12457:
11528:
14181:
14074:
13609:
13581:
13363:
13040:
12669:
12636:
12447:
12218:
12019:
11930:
11823:
11818:
11573:
11486:
11242:
7573:
5500:
When combining these noun and verb phrases into a sentence the order is typically SVO:
5474:
5466:
5029:
4590:
4486:
4482:
4078:
3434:
1821:
1492:
1437:
1095:
1074:
1035:
993:
868:
813:
681:
666:
658:
12467:
12329:
12072:
11476:
9791:
9622:
420:
413:
14323:
14279:
14269:
14190:
14114:
13989:
13921:
13515:
13427:
13229:
13224:
12928:
12553:
12394:
12234:
12203:
12140:
11905:
11766:
11672:
11629:
11455:
11072:
11058:
11044:
11020:
11006:
10992:
10974:
10960:
10943:
10929:
10901:
10819:
10723:
10679:
10641:
10605:
10574:
10539:
10390:
10385:
Headley, Robert K.; Chhor, Kylin; Lim, Lam Kheng; Kheang, Lim Hak; Chun, Chen. 1977.
10316:
10280:
9983:
9976:
9951:
9812:
9720:
9582:
9485:
9374:
7565:
5829:
5458:
5160:
5046:
5025:
4713:
4490:
3689:
2541:
2010:
2001:
1702:
1452:
1442:
1350:
1016:
972:
This has resulted in a distinct accent influenced by the surrounding tonal languages
966:
872:
768:
677:
565:
561:
14139:
13614:
12244:
11114:
10069:
Jacob, JM (2002). "The Structure of the Word in Old Khmer". In VI Braginskiĭ (ed.).
9480:
Shorto, Harry L. edited by Sidwell, Paul, Cooper, Doug and Bauer, Christian (2006).
9399:
8579:
example, the word for "to eat" used between intimates or in reference to animals is
2315:
In addition, some diphthongs and triphthongs are analyzed as a vowel nucleus plus a
14222:
14200:
14171:
14124:
14060:
14048:
14025:
13999:
13994:
13971:
13801:
13785:
13775:
13765:
13665:
13533:
13493:
13432:
13402:
13257:
13164:
13115:
12988:
12889:
12800:
12795:
12755:
12735:
12533:
12528:
12512:
12452:
12319:
12314:
12168:
12117:
12102:
11900:
11892:
11877:
11872:
11862:
11854:
11733:
11644:
11634:
11358:
11287:
10815:
9618:
9256:
9238:
7775:
5489:
3745:
3557:
distinction in its vowels, but this now survives only in the most archaic dialect (
3526:
3504:
1805:
by most speakers, but this feature is weak in educated speech, where they become .
1676:
1670:
1432:
1229:
997:
880:
817:
724:
713:
693:
624:
573:
500:
118:
11518:
9792:
Phonetic variation of final trill and final palatals in Khmer dialects of Thailand
9469:
The Peopling of East Asia: Putting Together Archaeology, Linguistics and Genetics.
1154:
The following table shows the conventionally accepted historical stages of Khmer.
14256:
14155:
14150:
14104:
14099:
14094:
14089:
13966:
13837:
13755:
13750:
13692:
13619:
13586:
13342:
13310:
13234:
13198:
13105:
12965:
12826:
12760:
12745:
12699:
12694:
12689:
12684:
12664:
12659:
12548:
12543:
12432:
12402:
12384:
12379:
12360:
12324:
12291:
12208:
12107:
12092:
12087:
12082:
12062:
12042:
11910:
11776:
11705:
11619:
11609:
11583:
11277:
11272:
10918:
10701:
10533:
9715:
9408:
9368:
9224:
7569:
7043:
5583:
5063:
3739:
3705:
3465:
1977:
1459:
1447:
1294:
1233:
175:
165:
19:"Cambodian language" redirects here. For other languages spoken in Cambodia, see
12704:
12472:
12047:
9153:
Reading the first article of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Khmer.
7774:, which were inherited directly from Indian numerals, are used more widely than
3573:. When consonant voicing was lost, the distinction was maintained by the vowel (
3533:
Compounds, however, preserve the stress patterns of the constituent words. Thus
14416:
14353:
14292:
14287:
14205:
14145:
14133:
14084:
14079:
14069:
13905:
13900:
13884:
13879:
13869:
13853:
13740:
13717:
13640:
13635:
13566:
13558:
13498:
13477:
13417:
13131:
12944:
12846:
12836:
12816:
12740:
12714:
12679:
12674:
12538:
12437:
12417:
12412:
12309:
12281:
12276:
12176:
12135:
12097:
12077:
12057:
12027:
11833:
11803:
11796:
11728:
11700:
11578:
11568:
11481:
11328:
11318:
11262:
11252:
11237:
11036:
10984:
10597:
9075:
9054:
8549:
7819:
7798:
7771:
7760:
7261:
5992:('god') before royal and religious objects. The most common demonstratives are
5024:
As is typical of most East Asian languages, Khmer verbs do not inflect at all;
4724:
4105:
3589:
3496:
3461:
2038:
1335:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1091:
1020:
864:
802:
772:
764:
748:
740:
548:
228:
160:
95:
89:
10862:"United Nations in Cambodia "Celebration of International Literacy Day, 2011""
9521:
9500:
5828:
However, in spoken discourse OSV is possible when emphasizing the object in a
1279:
14439:
14330:
13874:
13780:
13770:
13745:
13660:
13571:
13422:
13358:
13275:
13214:
13182:
13141:
13089:
13074:
13066:
13056:
12960:
12821:
12790:
12770:
12730:
12442:
12422:
12374:
12364:
12347:
12286:
12271:
12266:
12196:
12181:
12130:
12067:
11781:
11761:
11751:
11685:
11678:
11667:
11523:
11450:
11425:
11333:
11313:
11282:
11257:
11232:
7273:
5975:
5579:
5470:
5067:
4863:
4810:
4301:
3749:
3683:
3562:
3442:
2140:
1880:
1366:
1345:
1299:
988:
977:
973:
760:
728:
717:
243:
10840:
2552:. There are 85 possible two-consonant clusters (including etc. analyzed as
812:. In these classification schemes Khmer's closest genetic relatives are the
14264:
14015:
13604:
13538:
13448:
13219:
13110:
13084:
13079:
12912:
12907:
12750:
12654:
12191:
12186:
12125:
12052:
11808:
11624:
11614:
11563:
11323:
11247:
9033:
7811:
7790:
7592:, both of which can mean "also" or "and also"; disjunction is indicated by
7051:
4586:
3735:
3725:
3697:
3582:
1579:
1376:
1244:
1198:
1133:
1115:
1083:
1067:
1028:
1024:
891:
794:
752:
732:
670:
650:
589:
557:
486:
238:
214:
150:
132:
12592:
10279:(1998 ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell Southeast Asia Program Publications.
9708:
9300:
9282:
9038:
1079:
393:
386:
13760:
13576:
13548:
13523:
12765:
12407:
11692:
11104:
11019:. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada.
10940:
Cambodian system of writing and beginning reader with drills and glossary
9070:. Within Cambodia, literacy in the Khmer alphabet is estimated at 77.6%.
9059:
5485:
5481:
4867:
4846:
4829:
4506:
3753:
3713:
3548:
2135:
1916:
1892:
1875:
1727:
1128:
11160:
10991:. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.
10535:
Cambodian: Khmer (London Oriental and African Language Library, Book 16)
9900:
The Syntax of Nouns and Noun Phrases in Dated Pre-Angkorian Inscriptions
9794:
Suwilai, Premsrirat; Mahidol University; Mon-Khmer Studies 24:1–26; pg 1
4723:
Adjectives, verbs and verb phrases may be made into nouns by the use of
3660: ('do you want to go to Siem Reap?')
14109:
13528:
11946:
11639:
11118:
11093:
9526:
9505:
9305:
9287:
9063:
3693:
3631:
can also serve as an emphasizing (or in some cases negating) particle.
3415:
2145:
2125:
2078:
1897:
1885:
1240:
1087:
1058:
876:
856:
685:
662:
635:
11031:
Communicating in Khmer: an interactive intermediate level Khmer course
7564:
to the main clause. The various types of clauses in Khmer include the
4585:
are used after numerals, but are not always obligatory as they are in
3441:
listed above. This vowel may end the syllable or may be followed by a
2548:, and (with aspirated consonants analyzed as two-consonant sequences)
1847:
in the speech of Cambodians familiar with French and other languages.
669:
speak a very conservative dialect that still displays features of the
12356:
11791:
11771:
11017:
Register in Khmer the laryngeal specification of pharyngeal expansion
10413:"A Diachronic Survey of some Khmer particles (7th to 17th centuries)"
9809:
Linguistic Diversity and National Unity: Language Ecology in Thailand
9655:
Classifying the Austroasiatic languages: history and state of the art
9579:
Khmer American: Identity and Moral Education in a Diasporic Community
9246:
7766:
7560:
Complex sentences are formed in Khmer by the addition of one or more
5984:
4806:
3554:
2316:
1844:
1630:
1371:
1248:
1144:
1120:
1111:
705:
639:
616:
406:
377:
358:
339:
209:
11108:
11099:
10973:. London oriental series, v. 40. New York: Oxford University Press.
9773:
Thomas, David (1990). "On the 'language' status of Northern Khmer".
9604:"Acoustic correlates of breathy and clear vowels: the case of Khmer"
3433:
After the initial consonant or consonant cluster comes the syllabic
1859:
1239:
Many native scholars in the early 20th century, led by a monk named
832:
The approximate locations where various dialects of Khmer are spoken
11411:
9832:
9251:
9232:
6744:
4093:
3696:. Syntactic relations are mainly determined by word order. Old and
3612:
3512:
2537:
962:
958:
863:
area, the areas of Northeast Thailand adjacent to Cambodia such as
845:
837:
600:
581:
569:
444:
297:
271:
114:
109:
10571:
Introduction to Cambodian (School of Oriental and African Studies)
6586:
is the "existential" copula meaning "there is" or "there exists".
12368:
11786:
10989:
Cambodian linguistics, literature and history: collected articles
9657:. LINCOM studies in Asian linguistics, 76. Munich: Lincom Europa.
9484:. Canberra: Australian National University. Pacific Linguistics.
9370:
Cambodian Linguistics, Literature and History: Collected Articles
9050:
4705:
4097:
3593:
3489:
1774:
1504:
1148:
1011:
852:
841:
756:
593:
310:
128:
11150:
10071:
Classical Civilizations of South-East Asia: Key Papers from SOAS
5946:
The noun phrase in Khmer typically has the following structure:
3673: ('this book is expensive!')
1004:
that has all but disappeared in other dialects of modern Khmer.
9043:
7561:
5453:
4493:, but indefiniteness is often expressed by the word for "one" (
3499:(fully unstressed) syllable. Such words have been described as
2560:
can mark either contrastive or non-contrastive aspiration (see
1222:
942:, a region encompassed by the northwest and central provinces.
620:
10924:
Huffman, F. E., Promchan, C., & Lambert, C.-R. T. (1970).
10746:
Ehrman, Madeline Elizabeth; Kem, Sos; Lim, Hak Kheang (1974).
10674:
Huffman, F. E., Promchan, C., & Lambert, C.-R. T. (1970).
9042:
An example of modern Khmer script at the Cambodian Embassy in
7191:" and also are often softened by the addition of the particle
657:
is spoken by over a million Khmers in the southern regions of
515:
69:
11867:
10627:"The syllabic and morphological structure of Cambodian words"
10302:"The syllabic and morphological structure of Cambodian words"
9423:"A survey of Austroasiatic and Mon-Khmer comparative studies"
9422:
6004:('those over there') has a more distal or vague connotation.
1782:
327:
Royal Academy of Cambodia, National Council of Khmer Language
10942:. Yale linguistic series. New Haven: Yale University Press.
771:
and a division of consonants into two series with different
11055:
In the shadow of Angkor: contemporary writing from Cambodia
10971:
The traditional literature of Cambodia: a preliminary guide
10938:
Huffman, F. E., Lambert, C.-R. T., & Im Proum. (1970).
9326:
5036:
can be expressed using auxiliary verbs, particles (such as
4478:
3418:
occurs in the clusters consisting of a plosive followed by
604:
577:
506:
122:
7268:
are indicated with interrogative particles, most commonly
1251:, who favored borrowing from Thai, were also influential.
905:
Standard Khmer and related dialects (including Khmer Krom)
7584:("and then") or by clause-final conjunction-like adverbs
3449:
and the aspirates can appear as the coda (although final
11100:
SEAlang Project: Mon–Khmer languages. The Khmeric Branch
9806:
6987:, which is placed immediately before the verb, or both:
6659:
language copula NMLZ {to express} heart thought all kind
3643: ('I don't want it')
572:. The language is also widely spoken by Khmer people in
11069:
The Cambodian alphabet: how to write the Khmer language
9745:
The International Symposium on Language and Linguistics
9576:
7735:
Relative clauses are more likely to be introduced with
3734:
constructions are common and the language is generally
3492:
in Khmer (it does not distinguish different meanings).
823:
10921:. Chiang Mai: Linguistics Institute, Payap University.
10098:"On Takeo Dialects of Khmer: Phonology and World List"
6662:'Language is the expression of all emotions and ideas'
11089:
4104:
to adopting an isolating typology. Affixed forms are
524:
503:
11130:
How to install Khmer script on a Windows XP computer
10750:. Foreign Service Institute, US Department of State.
10054:
Minegishi, M (2006). "Khmer". In Keith Brown (ed.).
9747:. Bangkok, Thailand: Thammasat University: 258–262.
9214:
8587:. When used of those of higher social status, it is
1066:
is spoken by the indigenous Khmer population of the
11125:
How to install Khmer script on a Windows 7 computer
10912:
Sociolinguistic Survey of the Khmer Khe in Cambodia
9185:
9015:
8999:
8981:
8975:
8969:
8934:
8928:
8903:
8897:
8872:
8866:
8839:
8823:
8807:
8786:
8770:
8751:
8745:
8718:
8702:
8686:
8665:
8649:
8633:
8558:
8538:
8524:
8510:
8496:
8482:
8468:
8452:
8423:
8392:
8363:
8332:
8303:
8272:
8243:
8208:
8179:
8148:
8119:
8088:
8059:
8028:
7999:
7968:
7935:
7894:
7853:
996:range extending from western Cambodia into eastern
951:
542:
512:
509:
74:
59:
53:
9975:
6610:
3897:
808:Diffloth places Khmer in an eastern branch of the
10131:The Mon-Khmer Studies Journal. 28. (1998): 43–62.
6014:Some examples of typical Khmer noun phrases are:
5492:or verbal attribute often follows the predicate.
5163:are verbs that can not be followed by an object:
4845:" (A is more X ). The most common way to express
723:Khmer differs from neighboring languages such as
14437:
11117:open sourced and collaborative project based on
11041:Colloquial Cambodian: a complete language course
10695:East and Southeast Asian Languages: A First Look
10602:Colloquial Cambodian: A Complete Language Course
9709:Cambodian System of Writing and Beginning Reader
9551:. Australian National University. Archived from
619:being the language of the historical empires of
10129:"An Acoustic Study of Battambang Khmer Vowels."
9831:Unrepresented Peoples and Nations Organization
9367:Smyth, David A; Jacob, Judith Margaret (1993).
8583:. Used in polite reference to commoners, it is
2540:begins with a single consonant, or else with a
10343:"Khmer Nominalizing and Causitivizing Infixes"
9867:Stung Treng Province Cambodia, IUCN, MRC, UNDP
9649:
9647:
9601:
6656:/piəsaː ciə kaː sɑmdaeŋ cət kumnɨt krŏəp jaːŋ/
1781:. This analysis is supported by the fact that
12608:
11962:
11385:
11176:
10722:. John Benjamins Publishing. pp. 73–74.
10194:"Phonetic and Phonological Analysis of Khmer"
9456:The Austroasiatic Central Riverine Hypothesis
1396:
1136:from the 9th century until the 13th century.
1027:in other dialects, is either pronounced as a
927:A speaker of the Phnom Penh dialect of Khmer.
836:Khmer is spoken by some 13 million people in
10745:
9450:
9448:
9157:The following text is from Article 1 of the
5473:sentences are marked either by particles or
3577:); later the phonation disappeared as well (
3477:('person'), pronounced , or more casually .
871:, and southern Vietnam. The dialects form a
12622:
10596:
10406:
10404:
10402:
10270:
10268:
10266:
10264:
10262:
10260:
10258:
10256:
10254:
10252:
10250:
10248:
10246:
10244:
10242:
10240:
10058:(2 ed.). Elsevier. pp. 4981–4984.
9982:(2, illustrated ed.). Westview Press.
9969:
9967:
9857:
9644:
9170:
9126:
9118:
9112:
9098:
9090:
9084:
9049:Khmer is written with the Khmer script, an
9008:
8992:
8961:
8955:
8949:
8920:
8914:
8889:
8882:
8859:
8853:
8832:
8816:
8800:
8779:
8761:
8738:
8732:
8711:
8695:
8679:
8658:
8642:
8626:
8553:
8533:
8519:
8505:
8491:
8477:
8463:
8440:
8433:
8411:
8404:
8380:
8373:
8351:
8344:
8320:
8313:
8291:
8284:
8260:
8253:
8227:
8220:
8196:
8189:
8167:
8160:
8136:
8129:
8107:
8100:
8076:
8069:
8047:
8040:
8016:
8009:
7987:
7980:
7952:
7945:
7923:
7916:
7882:
7875:
7841:
7834:
7548:from yesterday I {to undergo} dog {to bite}
6766:
6757:
6748:
5037:
4850:
4833:
4627:
4617:
4500:
4494:
3668:
3655:
3638:
3623:
3534:
3516:
3469:
3453:is heard in some dialects, most notably in
1786:when the following consonant is not one of
1049:
1043:
1019:(as in the English word "bread"). The "r",
844:(1999 census) and 1.4 million in northeast
532:
47:
41:
12615:
12601:
11969:
11955:
11392:
11378:
11183:
11169:
10910:Herington, Jennifer and Amy Ryan. (2013).
10799:
10748:Contemporary Cambodian: Grammatical Sketch
10564:
10562:
10527:
10525:
10523:
10521:
10519:
10517:
10515:
10513:
10511:
10509:
10507:
10505:
10503:
10501:
10499:
10497:
10495:
10493:
10491:
10489:
10487:
10485:
10483:
10481:
10238:
10236:
10234:
10232:
10230:
10228:
10226:
10224:
10222:
10220:
10001:
9999:
9802:
9800:
9394:
9392:
9390:
9366:
8566:before the corresponding cardinal number.
5983:The elements in parentheses are optional.
5495:
1403:
1389:
630:The vast majority of Khmer speakers speak
599:Khmer has been influenced considerably by
443:
68:
11190:
11057:. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
10900:. Washington, Catholic University Press.
10713:
10624:
10479:
10477:
10475:
10473:
10471:
10469:
10467:
10465:
10463:
10461:
10381:
10379:
10377:
10375:
10373:
10371:
10369:
10121:
10095:
10084:International Encyclopedia of Linguistics
10053:
9911:
9909:
9602:Wayland, Ratree; Jongman, Allard (2003).
9461:
9445:
6874:
6843:
6825:
6383:
6367:
6254:
5915:
4801:
4399:{to transport} {} {to bring} {} {to lead}
3588:Although most Cambodian dialects are not
21:Demographics of Cambodia § Languages
11976:
10399:
10340:
10334:
10299:
10056:Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics
10005:
9973:
9964:
9948:Cambodian Buddhism: History and Practice
9145:
9037:
7203:
5818:/kʰɲom ʔaoj cruːk nəw ceik muəj cɑmnuən/
5748:'I gave a bunch of bananas to the pigs.'
5742:/kʰɲom ʔaoj ceik muəj cɑmnuən dɑl cruːk/
1858:
1119:
913:
827:
79:"Khmer language" written in Khmer script
14451:Languages attested from the 9th century
10891:Essai de phonétique historique du khmer
10831:
10829:
10559:
10274:
10217:
10188:
10186:
10184:
10182:
10180:
10178:
9996:
9941:
9939:
9937:
9797:
9735:
9702:
9700:
9698:
9696:
9694:
9692:
9690:
9688:
9686:
9542:
9536:
9387:
9267:
7167:
7106:
7062:
6567:I {to want} {to go} {to walk} {to play}
5637:
4505:( "a dog"). Plurality can be marked by
3615:context in Khmer, as in distinguishing
2528:Example: ឰដ៏, ឧទាហរណ៍, ឧត្តម, ឱកាស...។
1816:approach and respectively. The stops
1139:The following centuries saw changes in
751:. The language has been written in the
665:, while the Khmer living in the remote
483:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
14438:
10957:A Concise Cambodian-English Dictionary
10741:
10739:
10670:
10668:
10666:
10664:
10662:
10531:
10458:
10366:
10049:
10047:
10045:
10043:
9950:. Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press.
9945:
9915:
9906:
9893:
9891:
9772:
9766:
9729:
9666:
9420:
7599:Relative clauses can be introduced by
7272:, a homonym of the negation particle.
6440:/puəʔmaʔ touc rɔbɑh kʰɲom piː nĕə nih/
3845:
1801:The voiced plosives are pronounced as
607:especially in the royal and religious
14351:
14244:
14046:
13946:
13690:
13388:
13255:
13162:
12986:
12887:
12634:
12596:
11950:
11373:
11164:
11146:Online Khmer & English dictionary
10854:
10805:
10592:
10590:
10568:
10538:. John Benjamins Publishing Company.
10410:
10140:
10068:
9846:Monosyllablization in Kiengiang Khmer
9474:
9398:Diffloth, Gerard & Zide, Norman.
9278:
9276:
9159:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
7719:bed hospital REL have wheel {to push}
7436:
7347:
7229:
6506:'(very) expansive fields and paddies'
6431:
6302:
6205:
6117:/ptĕəh skəm.skaj bəj buən kʰnɑːŋ nih/
6108:
5788:
5624:
5488:and another noun phrase acting as an
5403:
5337:
4978:
4931:
4892:
4709:
4472:
3975:
3884:
3542:
3515:(generally loanwords). An example is
2531:
1105:
1042:. For example, some people pronounce
859:(Cambodia's capital city), the rural
547:
94:
88:
11005:. London: Kegan Paul International.
10928:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
10896:Headley, Robert and others. (1977).
10826:
10760:
10678:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
10175:
10062:
9934:
9858:Try, Tuon; Chambers, Marcus (2006).
9825:
9683:
9362:
9360:
9327:"National Council of Khmer Language"
7607:
7011:
6778:
5824:'I gave the pig a bunch of bananas.'
5674:'I gave the pig a bunch of bananas.'
5665:/kʰɲom ʔaoj ceik cruːk muəj cɑmnuən/
5264:
5167:
5074:
5066:are verbs that may be followed by a
4874:
4732:
4636:
4513:
3728:are used rather than postpositions.
824:Geographic distribution and dialects
14352:
13389:
11053:Stewart, F., & May, S. (2004).
10959:. London, Oxford University Press.
10761:Mori, K. (2007). Soichi, I. (ed.).
10736:
10718:Current Issues in Linguistic Theory
10659:
10040:
9888:
9785:
9595:
8797:Layperson to/about Buddhist clergy
8623:Intimate or addressing an inferior
8569:
8552:are formed by placing the particle
7545:/piː msəlmɨɲ kʰɲom trəw cʰkae kʰam/
7239:
7176:please do follow instruction he IMP
7033:/sʔaek kʰɲom nɨŋ tɨw {saːlaː riən}/
6437:ពួកម៉ាក តូច របស់ ខ្ញុំ ពីរ នាក់ នេះ
5193:
4053:
4027:
3949:
3858:
3748:have been hard to define in Khmer.
3720:(SVO), although subjects are often
1824:when occurring as syllable finals.
13:
14421:Languages between parentheses are
13012:Northern, Thanh Hóa, Huế, Southern
10882:
10587:
9930:from the original on Jun 30, 2023.
9482:A Mon–Khmer comparative dictionary
9352:The Linguistics Student's Handbook
9273:
7722:"the hospital bed that has wheels"
7659:"the hospital bed that has wheels"
7551:'Yesterday I was bitten by a dog.'
6979:'He left.' or 'He's already gone.'
6443:friend small of I two person these
6415:
6286:
6189:
6092:
5934:science thief {to steal} NEG COMPL
5925:
5745:I give banana one bunch toward pig
5477:equivalent to English "wh-words".
5045:, placed before a verb to express
4600:
4466:women {} {women, women in general}
4081:, which means that it uses little
16:Austroasiatic language of Cambodia
14:
14492:
14319:Western Khmer (Chanthaburi Khmer)
11083:
11071:. Bangkok: Trasvin Publications.
10704:at Oxford University Press Online
10455:. PhD thesis, Cornell University.
9848:. University of Ho Chi Minh City.
9807:William Allen A. Smalley (1994).
9738:"Khmer of Surin: Lexical Remarks"
9357:
9027:
8767:(or kinship term, title or rank)
7656:bed hospital have wheel {to push}
7420:'Have you gone to the store yet?'
7179:'Please follow his instructions.'
7173:/soum tʰʋəː taːm bɑndam kŏət tɨw/
7096:
6756:before the verb and the particle
6482:
6351:
6223:these two bunches of ripe bananas
6157:
6126:'these three or four high houses'
6120:house high three four spine these
6044:
5937:'Science, a thief can not steal.'
4001:
3832:
2112:
2103:
2094:
2085:
2067:
2052:
2043:
2027:
2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1966:
1957:
1948:
1939:
1930:
1921:
1749:
1738:
1732:
1710:
1684:
1659:
1647:
1637:
1615:
1609:
1600:
1594:
1578:
1568:
1562:
1552:
1546:
1536:
1530:
1520:
1514:
1491:
1482:
1473:
1464:
1203:Mid-14th century to 18th century
778:
11401:
10837:"Khmer Alphabet at Omniglot.com"
9577:Nancy Joan Smith-Hefner (1999).
9471:77–80. London: Routledge Curzon.
9311:
9293:
9231:
9217:
7765:Counting in Khmer is based on a
7686:
7555:
7484:
7039:'Tomorrow, I will go to school.'
3819:
1278:
499:
463:
303:
290:
264:
11141:UCLA Language Materials project
10787:from the original on 2022-10-09
10754:
10707:
10688:
10618:
10453:An outline of Cambodian Grammar
10445:
10433:from the original on 2022-10-09
10355:from the original on 2022-10-09
10293:
10163:from the original on 2022-10-09
10134:
10110:from the original on 2022-10-09
10089:
10077:
10028:from the original on 2022-10-09
9876:from the original on 2022-10-09
9851:
9838:
9754:from the original on 2022-10-09
9660:
9632:from the original on 2022-10-09
9570:
9515:
9494:
7477:Q you {to invite} {to go} where
7392:
7118:'Go ahead and try it yourself.'
7112:/cou saːk lbɑːŋ kʰluən aeŋ coh/
6449:these two small friends of mine
6399:
6270:
6173:
6076:
6060:
5598:
5511:
4828:are constructed syntactically.
3780:
3767:
3565:and diphthongized; for example
2561:
1417:International Phonetic Alphabet
961:. The conquests of Cambodia by
14425:of the language on their left.
13947:
12582:Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language
9458:. Keynote address, SEALS, XIX.
9414:
9344:
9319:
6510:
6486:
6446:NOUN ADJ POSS POSS NUM CLF DEM
6114:ផ្ទះ ស្កឹមស្កៃ បី បួន ខ្នង នេះ
5941:
5821:I give pig OM banana one bunch
5565:/kʰɲom ʔaoj ceik muəj cɑmnuən/
5537:
5469:are marked by particles while
4040:
4014:
1:
14481:Subject–verb–object languages
11105:Khmer Swadesh vocabulary list
10420:Essays in Honour of HL Shorto
9903:. Mon Khmer Studies 22: 1–26.
9623:10.1016/s0095-4470(02)00086-4
9427:The Mon-Khmer Studies Journal
8850:Buddhist clergy to layperson
7716:/krɛː pɛːt dael miən kɑŋ ruɲ/
7417:you {to go} market PRF or yet
7248:PROH {to be} place DEM COHORT
7036:tomorrow I FUT {to go} school
6217:banana ripe two bunches these
5056:Khmer verbs are a relatively
4832:are expressed using the word
4072:
3603:
1843:occur occasionally in recent
1422:
708:follow the word they modify.
14314:Northern Khmer (Surin Khmer)
12635:
10898:Cambodian-English Dictionary
10820:10.1016/0024-3841(65)90011-2
10625:Karnchana, Nacaskul (1978).
10387:Cambodian-English Dictionary
10300:Nacaskul, Karnchana (1978).
9581:. University of California.
8546:(10,000,000) from Sanskrit.
7414:/loːk tɨw psaː haəj rɨː nɨw/
7255:
7183:Prohibitives take the form "
6705:'He is close to the temple.'
6570:'I want to go for a stroll.'
6500:/ʋiəl srae dɑː {lʋɨŋ lʋəːj}/
6335:
6238:
6141:
6028:
5611:
5574:'I gave a bunch of bananas.'
5524:
4720:in colloquial conversation.
4434:fast {} {very fast, quickly}
3988:
3962:
3936:
3923:
3910:
3871:
3806:
3793:
2383:Independent vowels of Khmer
1863:Vowel Diagram (Monophthongs)
1827:In addition, the consonants
1808:In syllable-final position,
1258:
1038:much like the "hỏi" tone in
7:
11115:Dictionary and SpellChecker
10573:. Oxford University Press.
9974:Chandler, David P. (1992).
9210:
9186:
9141:
9016:
9000:
8982:
8976:
8970:
8935:
8929:
8904:
8898:
8873:
8867:
8840:
8824:
8808:
8787:
8771:
8752:
8746:
8719:
8703:
8687:
8666:
8650:
8634:
8559:
8539:
8525:
8511:
8497:
8483:
8469:
8453:
8424:
8393:
8364:
8333:
8304:
8273:
8244:
8209:
8180:
8149:
8120:
8089:
8060:
8029:
8000:
7969:
7936:
7895:
7854:
7754:
7480:'Where are you going, sir?'
7251:'Don't stay in this place.'
6503:field paddy ADJ.MARKER vast
6424:
6408:
6392:
6376:
6360:
6344:
6328:
6311:/puəʔmaʔ kʰɲom piː nĕə nih/
6295:
6279:
6263:
6247:
6231:
6198:
6182:
6166:
6150:
6134:
6101:
6085:
6069:
6053:
6037:
6021:
5882:'In a boat sit five monks.'
5879:boat one {to sit} five monk
5668:I give banana pig one bunch
5006:'That girl is very pretty.'
4959:'That girl is very pretty.'
4499:) following the noun as in
4352:father {} mother {} parents
3521:('language'), pronounced .
3438:
2347:; (with long monophthongs)
1158:Historical Stages of Khmer
1124:A stone carved in Old Khmer
952:
543:
75:
60:
54:
10:
14497:
14245:
14047:
13256:
13163:
12987:
12888:
11094:text segmentation software
10275:Huffman, Franklin (1970).
10096:Minegishi, Makoto (1986).
9031:
8574:Khmer employs a system of
8532:(1,000,000) from Thai and
7758:
7474:/taə loːk ʔɑɲcəːɲ tɨw naː/
7195:to the end of the phrase.
6564:/kʰɲom cɑng tɨw daə leːng/
6308:ពួកម៉ាក ខ្ញុំ ពីរ នាក់ នេះ
6000:('that, those'). The word
5931:/ʋɪʔciə cao luəc mɨn baːn/
3681:
3677:
3546:
1794:if the initial plosive is
1769:may occur with or without
1109:
1031:or not pronounced at all.
782:
18:
14407:
14360:
14347:
14301:
14278:
14255:
14251:
14240:
14214:
14180:
14164:
14123:
14059:
14055:
14042:
14008:
13980:
13959:
13955:
13942:
13914:
13893:
13862:
13846:
13830:
13823:
13794:
13733:
13726:
13710:
13703:
13699:
13691:
13686:
13653:
13628:
13595:
13557:
13514:
13507:
13486:
13470:
13461:
13441:
13410:
13401:
13397:
13384:
13351:
13335:
13319:
13293:
13284:
13268:
13264:
13251:
13207:
13191:
13175:
13171:
13158:
13124:
13098:
13065:
13049:
12999:
12995:
12982:
12953:
12937:
12921:
12900:
12896:
12883:
12859:
12809:
12786:
12779:
12723:
12647:
12643:
12630:
12564:Vietnamese sign languages
12562:
12521:
12500:
12393:
12338:
12300:
12257:
12227:
12167:
12149:
12116:
12018:
12009:
12000:
11984:
11923:
11891:
11853:
11846:
11824:Red Karen (Eastern Kayah)
11742:
11719:
11658:
11554:
11541:
11511:
11495:
11464:
11443:
11434:
11418:
11346:
11301:
11223:
11214:
11198:
11151:Khmer Online Dictionaries
11001:Keesee, A. P. K. (1996).
10640:: 183–200. Archived from
10634:Mon-Khmer Studies Journal
10451:Huffman, Franklin. 1967.
10348:. University of Chicago.
10309:Mon-Khmer Studies Journal
9811:. University of Chicago.
9719:. Yale University Press.
9706:Huffman, Franklin. 1970.
9171:
9127:
9119:
9113:
9099:
9091:
9085:
9009:
8993:
8962:
8956:
8950:
8921:
8915:
8890:
8883:
8860:
8854:
8833:
8817:
8801:
8780:
8762:
8739:
8733:
8712:
8696:
8680:
8659:
8643:
8627:
8617:
8614:
8611:
8554:
8534:
8520:
8506:
8492:
8478:
8464:
8441:
8434:
8412:
8405:
8381:
8374:
8352:
8345:
8321:
8314:
8292:
8285:
8261:
8254:
8228:
8221:
8197:
8190:
8168:
8161:
8137:
8130:
8108:
8101:
8077:
8070:
8048:
8041:
8017:
8010:
7988:
7981:
7953:
7946:
7924:
7917:
7883:
7876:
7842:
7835:
6767:
6758:
6749:
6320:these two friends of mine
6314:friend I two person these
5448:
5038:
4851:
4834:
4628:
4618:
4501:
4495:
3669:
3656:
3639:
3624:
3535:
3517:
3480:
3470:
2355:; (with long diphthongs)
2175:
2132:
2082:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1872:
1850:
1820:are unaspirated and have
1726:
1669:
1629:
1577:
1503:
1458:
1429:
1050:
1044:
789:Khmer is a member of the
533:
442:
428:
404:
375:
356:
337:
332:
320:
277:
259:Official language in
257:
252:
225:
197:
172:
156:
146:
102:
96:[kʰeːmarapʰiəsaː]
84:
67:
48:
42:
40:
35:
30:
11029:Sak-Humphry, C. (2002).
10889:Ferlus, Michel. (1992).
10411:Jacob, Judith M (1991).
10141:Jacob, Judith M (1976).
10006:Sasagawa, Hideo (2015).
8946:when addressing royalty
8911:(to female), (to male)
8595:. For monks the word is
7653:/krɛː pɛːt miən kɑŋ ruɲ/
7115:IMP try try you REFL IMP
6123:NOUN ADJ NUM NUM CLF DEM
5876:/tuːk muəj kɔŋ pram ʔɑŋ/
5051:Serial verb construction
5019:
4153:"to originate (trans.)"
3712:. Colloquial Khmer is a
3710:serial verb construction
1193:800 to mid-14th century
1182:Pre-Angkorian Old Khmer
896:Cardamom (Western) Khmer
763:via the southern Indian
163:: 17 million (2019)
13343:Somray (Northern Chong)
12624:Austroasiatic languages
12522:Other foreign languages
11309:Cambodian Sign Language
10955:Jacob, Judith. (1974).
10926:Modern spoken Cambodian
10763:"Khmer final particles
10676:Modern spoken Cambodian
10341:Schiller, Eric (1994).
10277:Modern Spoken Cambodian
10015:Southeast Asian Studies
9916:Jacobs, Judith (1993).
9667:Ferlus, Michel (1992).
9532:(subscription required)
9511:(subscription required)
9454:Sidwell, Paul (2009a).
9401:Austroasiatic Languages
8971:khnhŭm preăh bat âmchăs
6747:is achieved by putting
6214:/ceːk tum piː snət nih/
5568:I give banana one bunch
5496:Basic constituent order
5435:"That boy is handsome."
5213:"I walk to the market."
4712:below). Khmer exhibits
4459:women, women in general
3700:used particles to mark
1788:/ʔ/,/b/,/d/,/r/,/s/,/h/
1765:The voiceless plosives
1266:Part of a series on the
785:Austroasiatic languages
556:spoken natively by the
12577:Haiphong Sign Language
12501:Main foreign languages
11347:Main foreign languages
10569:Jacob, Judith (1968).
9835:Retrieved 19 June 2012
9653:Sidwell, Paul (2009).
9543:Sidwell, Paul (2006).
9421:Thomas, David (1964).
9154:
9046:
8989:or (male), (female)
7733:
7537:
7529:
7521:
7513:
7505:
7497:
7466:
7458:
7450:
7442:
7432:
7406:
7398:
7388:
7380:
7372:
7364:
7356:you understand modal Q
7343:
7335:
7327:
7319:
7314:'Where are you going?'
7300:
7292:
7284:
7235:
7225:
7217:
7209:
7199:
7163:
7155:
7147:
7139:
7131:
7123:
7102:
7092:
7084:
7076:
7068:
7058:
7025:
7017:
7007:
6999:
6991:
6965:
6957:
6949:
6930:
6922:
6914:
6905:
6852:I NEG {to believe} NEG
6726:
6718:
6710:
6702:he copula close temple
6691:
6683:
6675:
6667:
6648:
6640:
6632:
6624:
6616:
6606:
6598:
6590:
6556:
6548:
6540:
6532:
6524:
6492:
6478:
6470:
6462:
6421:
6405:
6389:
6373:
6357:
6341:
6325:
6292:
6276:
6260:
6244:
6228:
6195:
6179:
6163:
6147:
6131:
6098:
6082:
6066:
6050:
6034:
6018:
5921:
5911:
5903:
5895:
5887:
5868:
5860:
5852:
5844:
5836:
5810:
5802:
5794:
5784:
5776:
5768:
5760:
5734:
5726:
5718:
5710:
5702:
5694:
5686:
5654:
5643:
5630:
5617:
5604:
5591:
5554:
5543:
5530:
5517:
5504:
5446:
5377:"That boy works well."
5364:/proh nuh {tʰʋəː kaː}
5253:
5158:
5017:
4956:girl DEM pretty pretty
4953:/srəj nuh sʔaːt sʔaːt/
4912:'That girl is pretty.'
4802:Adjectives and adverbs
4799:
4703:
4580:
4405:Repetitive compounds:
4308:Coordinate compounds:
4102:agglutinative language
3702:grammatical categories
3688:Khmer is primarily an
3621:interrogative particle
3617:declarative statements
3530:used in conversation.
3511:, but some are single
3507:. Most such words are
3437:, which is one of the
1868:Monophthongs of Khmer
1864:
1125:
928:
902:Surin (Northern) Khmer
833:
676:Khmer is primarily an
655:Northern Khmer dialect
560:. This language is an
554:Austroasiatic language
471:This article contains
90:[pʰiəsaːkʰmae]
14471:Languages of Thailand
14466:Languages of Cambodia
11883:Southwestern Mandarin
11192:Languages of Cambodia
11109:Swadesh-list appendix
11043:. London: Routledge.
10969:Jacob, J. M. (1996).
10532:Haiman, John (2011).
10315:: 187. Archived from
9978:A history of Cambodia
9897:Sak-Humphry, Channy.
9262:Romanization of Khmer
9152:
9041:
7605:
7359:'Can you understand?'
7245:/kom nɨw tiː nih ʔəj/
6776:
6317:NOUN POSS NUM CLF DEM
6211:ចេក ទុំ ពីរ ស្និត នេះ
5262:
5207:/kʰɲom ɗaə tɨw pʰsaː/
5165:
5072:
4872:
4826:Degrees of comparison
4730:
4634:
4583:Classifying particles
4511:
4274:"to know (something)"
4218:"to break (intrans.)"
3708:, "directionals" and
3475:mɔnuh, mɔnɨh, mĕəʾnuh
3426:, and in the cluster
3422:, in those beginning
1862:
1232:, which brought in a
1123:
1110:Further information:
926:
831:
613:Hinduism and Buddhism
168:: 1 million (no date)
14476:Languages of Vietnam
11978:Languages of Vietnam
11015:Meechan, M. (1992).
10983:Jacob, J. M., &
9946:Harris, Ian (2008).
9860:"Situation Analysis"
9611:Journal of Phonetics
9350:Laurie Bauer, 2007,
9268:References and notes
8825:preăh téch preăh kŭn
7747:("seems as if") and
7353:/loːk sdap baːn teː/
6944:'He went yesterday.'
6941:he {to go} yesterday
6220:NOUN ADJ NUM CLF DEM
5996:('this, these') and
5963:Adjectival modifiers
5671:SBJ VERB DO IO {} {}
5239:{to invite} {to sit}
5003:girl DEM pretty very
5000:/srəj nuh sʔaːt nah/
4231:"to take for a walk"
4201:"to bite each other"
3740:actor nominalization
3657:អ្នកចង់ទៅលេងសៀមរាបទេ
1190:Angkorian Old Khmer
1100:Stung Treng Province
739:in that it is not a
644:Stung Treng province
424: Central Khmer
14461:Isolating languages
14366:Proto-Austroasiatic
14021:Southern Nicobarese
13411:Khasi-Pnar-Lyngngam
12572:Hanoi Sign Language
11547:by languages groups
11107:(from Wiktionary's
11067:Tonkin, D. (1991).
10150:Pacific Linguistics
10086:, OUP 2003, p. 356.
9053:developed from the
8951:ខ្ញុំព្រះបាទអម្ចាស់
8809:khnhŭm preăh kârŭna
6849:/kʰɲom mɨn cɨə teː/
6453:The Khmer particle
5475:interrogative words
5147:"I buy cigarettes."
4866:or with the use of
4481:do not inflect for
4229:"to cause to break"
4077:Modern Khmer is an
3718:subject–verb–object
2384:
2129:
1869:
1779:/ph/,/th/,/ch/,/kh/
1159:
810:Mon-Khmer languages
759:descended from the
716:. In spoken Khmer,
702:subject–verb–object
279:Recognised minority
14456:Analytic languages
11931:Thai Sign Language
11855:Immigrant language
10917:2021-03-10 at the
10700:2012-11-20 at the
10647:on 11 October 2017
10604:. Routledge (UK).
10322:on 11 October 2017
9844:Thach, Ngoc Minh.
9833:Khmer Krom Profile
9714:2021-03-01 at the
9407:2012-04-25 at the
9155:
9068:Mon–Burmese script
9047:
8609:Situational usage
7574:subordinate clause
6938:/kŏət tɨw msəlmɨɲ/
6894:'I don't believe.'
6891:I NEG {to believe}
6855:'I don't believe.'
6740:'There is a plan.'
6699:/ʋiə nɨw cɪt ʋŏət/
5571:SBJ VERB OBJ {} {}
5371:boy DEM {to work}
5161:Intransitive verbs
5141:/kʰɲom tɨɲ ɓaːrəj/
4766:NMLZ {to lie down}
4483:grammatical gender
4473:Nouns and pronouns
4427:very fast, quickly
4179:"a screen, shade"
4161:derives adjectives
4079:isolating language
3746:Lexical categories
3543:Phonation and tone
2532:Syllable structure
2382:
2124:
1867:
1865:
1822:no audible release
1157:
1126:
1106:Historical periods
929:
869:Cardamom Mountains
834:
696:endings. Instead,
682:isolating language
667:Cardamom Mountains
659:Northeast Thailand
638:, and that of the
390: – Khmer
14433:
14432:
14417:extinct languages
14403:
14402:
14343:
14342:
14339:
14338:
14236:
14235:
14232:
14231:
14038:
14037:
14034:
14033:
13938:
13937:
13934:
13933:
13930:
13929:
13819:
13818:
13815:
13814:
13682:
13681:
13678:
13677:
13674:
13673:
13649:
13648:
13457:
13456:
13380:
13379:
13376:
13375:
13372:
13371:
13247:
13246:
13243:
13242:
13154:
13153:
13150:
13149:
12978:
12977:
12974:
12973:
12879:
12878:
12875:
12874:
12855:
12854:
12590:
12589:
12496:
12495:
12253:
12252:
11985:Official language
11944:
11943:
11919:
11918:
11842:
11841:
11537:
11536:
11419:Official language
11367:
11366:
11342:
11341:
11199:Official language
10611:978-0-415-10006-9
10127:Wayland, Ratree.
9957:978-0-8248-3298-8
9818:978-0-226-76288-3
9673:Mon–Khmer Studies
9588:978-0-520-21349-4
9545:"Khmer/Cambodian"
9530:(18th ed., 2015)
9509:(18th ed., 2015)
9380:978-0-728-60218-2
9309:(27th ed., 2024)
9291:(27th ed., 2024)
9208:
9207:
9150:
9139:
9138:
9025:
9024:
8460:
8459:
7751:("in order to").
7731:
7730:
7566:coordinate clause
7311:you {to go} where
6903:
6902:
5832:-like structure.
5484:, predicates are
5444:
5443:
5251:
5250:
5210:I walk DIR market
5156:
5155:
5053:is quite common.
5047:continuous aspect
5015:
5014:
4797:
4796:
4788:'appropriateness'
4714:pronoun avoidance
4701:
4700:
4670:friend property I
4608:pencil two {CLF }
4578:
4577:
4298:unbound morphemes
4291:
4290:
4222:"to study, learn"
3690:analytic language
3553:Khmer once had a
3412:
3411:
2525:
2524:
2312:
2311:
2122:
2121:
1763:
1762:
1413:
1412:
1215:
1214:
1163:Historical stage
1090:river valleys of
1078:is spoken in the
1017:consonant cluster
994:Cardamom mountain
924:
566:national language
562:official language
479:rendering support
459:
458:
322:Regulated by
14488:
14349:
14348:
14253:
14252:
14242:
14241:
14057:
14056:
14044:
14043:
13957:
13956:
13944:
13943:
13828:
13827:
13731:
13730:
13708:
13707:
13701:
13700:
13688:
13687:
13512:
13511:
13468:
13467:
13408:
13407:
13399:
13398:
13386:
13385:
13291:
13290:
13266:
13265:
13253:
13252:
13173:
13172:
13160:
13159:
13020:
12997:
12996:
12984:
12983:
12898:
12897:
12885:
12884:
12784:
12783:
12645:
12644:
12632:
12631:
12617:
12610:
12603:
12594:
12593:
12529:Mandarin Chinese
12016:
12015:
12007:
12006:
11971:
11964:
11957:
11948:
11947:
11893:Working language
11851:
11850:
11695:
11688:
11681:
11604:
11597:
11552:
11551:
11548:
11441:
11440:
11406:
11405:
11404:
11394:
11387:
11380:
11371:
11370:
11221:
11220:
11185:
11178:
11171:
11162:
11161:
11121:Khmer Dictionary
10877:
10876:
10874:
10873:
10864:. Archived from
10858:
10852:
10851:
10849:
10848:
10839:. Archived from
10833:
10824:
10823:
10803:
10797:
10796:
10794:
10792:
10786:
10775:
10758:
10752:
10751:
10743:
10734:
10733:
10711:
10705:
10692:
10686:
10672:
10657:
10656:
10654:
10652:
10646:
10631:
10622:
10616:
10615:
10594:
10585:
10584:
10566:
10557:
10556:
10554:
10552:
10529:
10456:
10449:
10443:
10442:
10440:
10438:
10432:
10417:
10408:
10397:
10383:
10364:
10363:
10361:
10360:
10354:
10347:
10338:
10332:
10331:
10329:
10327:
10321:
10306:
10297:
10291:
10290:
10272:
10215:
10214:
10212:
10211:
10205:
10199:. Archived from
10198:
10190:
10173:
10172:
10170:
10168:
10162:
10147:
10138:
10132:
10125:
10119:
10118:
10116:
10115:
10109:
10102:
10093:
10087:
10081:
10075:
10074:
10066:
10060:
10059:
10051:
10038:
10037:
10035:
10033:
10027:
10012:
10003:
9994:
9993:
9981:
9971:
9962:
9961:
9943:
9932:
9931:
9929:
9922:
9913:
9904:
9895:
9886:
9885:
9883:
9881:
9875:
9864:
9855:
9849:
9842:
9836:
9829:
9823:
9822:
9804:
9795:
9789:
9783:
9782:
9770:
9764:
9763:
9761:
9759:
9753:
9742:
9733:
9727:
9704:
9681:
9680:
9664:
9658:
9651:
9642:
9641:
9639:
9637:
9631:
9608:
9599:
9593:
9592:
9574:
9568:
9567:
9565:
9563:
9557:
9540:
9534:
9533:
9519:
9513:
9512:
9498:
9492:
9478:
9472:
9465:
9459:
9452:
9443:
9442:
9440:
9438:
9418:
9412:
9396:
9385:
9384:
9364:
9355:
9348:
9342:
9341:
9339:
9337:
9323:
9317:
9316:
9315:
9298:
9297:
9280:
9257:Khmer literature
9241:
9239:Languages portal
9236:
9235:
9227:
9222:
9221:
9220:
9203:
9190:
9174:
9173:
9164:
9163:
9151:
9130:
9129:
9122:
9121:
9116:
9115:
9102:
9101:
9094:
9093:
9088:
9087:
9081:
9080:
9076:diphthongization
9019:
9012:
9011:
9003:
8996:
8995:
8985:
8979:
8973:
8965:
8964:
8959:
8958:
8953:
8952:
8938:
8932:
8924:
8923:
8918:
8917:
8907:
8901:
8893:
8892:
8886:
8885:
8876:
8870:
8863:
8862:
8857:
8856:
8843:
8836:
8835:
8827:
8820:
8819:
8811:
8804:
8803:
8790:
8783:
8782:
8774:
8765:
8764:
8755:
8749:
8742:
8741:
8736:
8735:
8722:
8715:
8714:
8706:
8699:
8698:
8690:
8683:
8682:
8669:
8662:
8661:
8653:
8646:
8645:
8637:
8630:
8629:
8606:
8605:
8602:
8599:and for royals,
8598:
8594:
8590:
8586:
8582:
8570:Social registers
8565:
8562:
8557:
8556:
8545:
8542:
8537:
8536:
8531:
8528:
8523:
8522:
8517:
8514:
8509:
8508:
8503:
8500:
8495:
8494:
8489:
8486:
8481:
8480:
8475:
8472:
8467:
8466:
8456:
8449:
8444:
8443:
8437:
8436:
8427:
8420:
8415:
8414:
8408:
8407:
8396:
8389:
8384:
8383:
8377:
8376:
8367:
8360:
8355:
8354:
8348:
8347:
8336:
8329:
8324:
8323:
8317:
8316:
8307:
8300:
8295:
8294:
8288:
8287:
8276:
8269:
8264:
8263:
8257:
8256:
8247:
8240:
8236:
8231:
8230:
8224:
8223:
8212:
8205:
8200:
8199:
8193:
8192:
8183:
8176:
8171:
8170:
8164:
8163:
8152:
8145:
8140:
8139:
8133:
8132:
8123:
8116:
8111:
8110:
8104:
8103:
8092:
8085:
8080:
8079:
8073:
8072:
8063:
8056:
8051:
8050:
8044:
8043:
8032:
8025:
8020:
8019:
8013:
8012:
8003:
7996:
7991:
7990:
7984:
7983:
7972:
7965:
7961:
7956:
7955:
7949:
7948:
7939:
7932:
7927:
7926:
7920:
7919:
7898:
7891:
7886:
7885:
7879:
7878:
7857:
7850:
7845:
7844:
7838:
7837:
7784:
7783:
7776:Western numerals
7750:
7746:
7742:
7738:
7688:
7608:
7602:
7595:
7591:
7587:
7583:
7579:
7492:
7438:
7427:
7394:
7349:
7271:
7241:
7231:
7205:
7194:
7190:
7186:
7169:
7108:
7098:
7064:
7049:
7013:
6986:
6910:
6876:
6845:
6827:
6779:
6773:
6770:
6769:
6764:
6761:
6760:
6755:
6752:
6751:
6734:/miən pʰaen kaː/
6612:
6585:
6581:
6577:
6519:
6488:
6484:
6456:
6433:
6417:
6401:
6385:
6369:
6353:
6337:
6304:
6288:
6272:
6256:
6240:
6207:
6191:
6175:
6159:
6143:
6110:
6094:
6078:
6062:
6046:
6030:
6010:
6003:
5999:
5995:
5991:
5978:
5972:
5968:
5964:
5960:
5956:
5952:
5927:
5917:
5790:
5755:
5681:
5639:
5626:
5613:
5600:
5539:
5526:
5513:
5405:
5386:
5339:
5320:
5272:
5265:
5195:
5168:
5144:I buy cigarettes
5075:
5064:Transitive verbs
5044:
5041:
5040:
4980:
4933:
4906:/srəj nuh sʔaːt/
4894:
4875:
4861:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4844:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4785:NMLZ appropriate
4733:
4710:Social registers
4637:
4631:
4630:
4625:
4621:
4620:
4602:
4514:
4504:
4503:
4498:
4497:
4111:
4110:
4088:. There is some
4055:
4042:
4029:
4016:
4003:
3990:
3977:
3964:
3951:
3938:
3925:
3912:
3899:
3886:
3873:
3860:
3847:
3834:
3821:
3808:
3795:
3782:
3769:
3672:
3671:
3670:សៀវភៅនេះថ្លៃណាស់
3659:
3658:
3649:yes–no questions
3642:
3641:
3640:ខ្ញុំមិនចង់បានទេ
3630:
3627:
3626:
3599:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3538:
3537:
3527:secondary stress
3520:
3519:
3505:secondary stress
3473:
3472:
3452:
3448:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3403:
3395:
3389:
3375:
3365:
3359:
3353:
3341:
3335:
3330:
3312:
3306:
3300:
3294:
3284:
3278:
3270:
3262:
3256:
3250:
3241:
3225:
3188:
3172:
3166:
3156:
3150:
3142:
3136:
3130:
3124:
3118:
3112:
3104:
3098:
3092:
3086:
3081:
3065:
3059:
3053:
3047:
3041:
3035:
3029:
3023:
3017:
3011:
3005:
2997:
2991:
2985:
2979:
2973:
2968:
2952:
2946:
2938:
2932:
2924:
2916:
2910:
2904:
2898:
2890:
2882:
2876:
2871:
2855:
2849:
2841:
2835:
2829:
2823:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2797:
2785:
2779:
2774:
2756:
2750:
2744:
2738:
2732:
2726:
2720:
2714:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2673:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2567:
2566:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2521:
2511:
2501:
2491:
2481:
2471:
2461:
2451:
2441:
2431:
2421:
2411:
2401:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2306:
2299:
2292:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2202:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2169:
2160:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2107:
2098:
2089:
2071:
2056:
2047:
2031:
2022:
2013:
2004:
1995:
1986:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1934:
1925:
1870:
1866:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1780:
1768:
1753:
1742:
1736:
1714:
1705:
1688:
1679:
1663:
1651:
1641:
1619:
1613:
1604:
1598:
1591:
1582:
1572:
1566:
1556:
1550:
1540:
1534:
1524:
1518:
1511:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1468:
1427:
1426:
1405:
1398:
1391:
1282:
1263:
1262:
1230:French Indochina
1160:
1156:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1046:
1008:Phnom Penh Khmer
998:Central Thailand
983:
955:
925:
881:Sisaket Province
818:Pearic languages
663:Khmer of Vietnam
574:Eastern Thailand
551:
546:
536:
535:
528:
522:
521:
518:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
485: instead of
467:
466:
452:
447:
438:
423:
416:
396:
389:
380:
370:
369:
361:
351:
350:
342:
309:
307:
306:
296:
294:
293:
281:language in
270:
268:
267:
231:
178:
98:
92:
78:
72:
63:
57:
51:
50:
45:
44:
28:
27:
14496:
14495:
14491:
14490:
14489:
14487:
14486:
14485:
14436:
14435:
14434:
14429:
14428:
14399:
14373:Proto-Palaungic
14356:
14354:Proto-languages
14335:
14297:
14274:
14247:
14228:
14210:
14176:
14160:
14119:
14051:
14030:
14004:
13976:
13951:
13926:
13910:
13889:
13858:
13842:
13811:
13790:
13722:
13695:
13670:
13645:
13624:
13591:
13553:
13503:
13482:
13453:
13437:
13393:
13391:Khasi–Palaungic
13368:
13347:
13331:
13315:
13286:
13280:
13260:
13239:
13203:
13187:
13167:
13146:
13120:
13094:
13061:
13045:
13014:
12991:
12970:
12949:
12933:
12917:
12892:
12871:
12851:
12805:
12775:
12719:
12639:
12626:
12621:
12591:
12586:
12558:
12517:
12492:
12389:
12334:
12296:
12249:
12223:
12163:
12145:
12112:
12002:
11996:
11980:
11975:
11945:
11940:
11915:
11887:
11838:
11738:
11715:
11691:
11684:
11677:
11654:
11600:
11593:
11546:
11545:
11533:
11507:
11491:
11460:
11430:
11414:
11402:
11400:
11398:
11368:
11363:
11338:
11297:
11216:
11210:
11194:
11189:
11159:
11086:
11081:
10919:Wayback Machine
10885:
10883:Further reading
10880:
10871:
10869:
10860:
10859:
10855:
10846:
10844:
10835:
10834:
10827:
10804:
10800:
10790:
10788:
10784:
10773:
10759:
10755:
10744:
10737:
10730:
10712:
10708:
10702:Wayback Machine
10693:
10689:
10673:
10660:
10650:
10648:
10644:
10629:
10623:
10619:
10612:
10595:
10588:
10581:
10567:
10560:
10550:
10548:
10546:
10530:
10459:
10450:
10446:
10436:
10434:
10430:
10415:
10409:
10400:
10384:
10367:
10358:
10356:
10352:
10345:
10339:
10335:
10325:
10323:
10319:
10304:
10298:
10294:
10287:
10273:
10218:
10209:
10207:
10203:
10196:
10192:
10191:
10176:
10166:
10164:
10160:
10145:
10139:
10135:
10126:
10122:
10113:
10111:
10107:
10100:
10094:
10090:
10082:
10078:
10067:
10063:
10052:
10041:
10031:
10029:
10025:
10010:
10004:
9997:
9990:
9972:
9965:
9958:
9944:
9935:
9927:
9920:
9914:
9907:
9896:
9889:
9879:
9877:
9873:
9862:
9856:
9852:
9843:
9839:
9830:
9826:
9819:
9805:
9798:
9790:
9786:
9771:
9767:
9757:
9755:
9751:
9740:
9734:
9730:
9716:Wayback Machine
9705:
9684:
9665:
9661:
9652:
9645:
9635:
9633:
9629:
9606:
9600:
9596:
9589:
9575:
9571:
9561:
9559:
9555:
9541:
9537:
9531:
9520:
9516:
9510:
9499:
9495:
9479:
9475:
9466:
9462:
9453:
9446:
9436:
9434:
9419:
9415:
9409:Wayback Machine
9397:
9388:
9381:
9365:
9358:
9349:
9345:
9335:
9333:
9331:nckl.rac.gov.kh
9325:
9324:
9320:
9310:
9299:
9292:
9281:
9274:
9270:
9237:
9230:
9225:Cambodia portal
9223:
9218:
9216:
9213:
9197:
9180:
9146:
9144:
9036:
9030:
8941:
8888:
8766:
8758:
8572:
8550:Ordinal numbers
7763:
7757:
7732:
7724:
7714:
7706:
7698:
7690:
7680:
7672:
7661:
7651:
7643:
7635:
7627:
7619:
7570:relative clause
7558:
7553:
7543:
7535:
7527:
7519:
7511:
7503:
7487:
7482:
7472:
7464:
7456:
7448:
7440:
7422:
7412:
7404:
7396:
7386:
7378:
7370:
7361:
7351:
7341:
7333:
7325:
7316:
7306:
7298:
7290:
7280:for questions.
7266:Polar questions
7258:
7253:
7243:
7233:
7223:
7215:
7207:
7188:
7181:
7171:
7161:
7153:
7145:
7137:
7129:
7120:
7110:
7100:
7090:
7082:
7074:
7066:
7041:
7031:
7023:
7015:
7005:
6997:
6981:
6973:/kŏət tɨw haəj/
6971:
6963:
6955:
6946:
6936:
6928:
6920:
6904:
6896:
6888:/kʰɲom ʔɑt cɨə/
6886:
6878:
6868:
6857:
6847:
6837:
6829:
6819:
6808:
6798:
6790:
6742:
6732:
6724:
6716:
6707:
6697:
6689:
6681:
6673:
6664:
6654:
6646:
6638:
6630:
6622:
6614:
6604:
6596:
6572:
6562:
6554:
6546:
6538:
6530:
6513:
6508:
6498:
6490:
6476:
6468:
6451:
6435:
6419:
6403:
6387:
6371:
6355:
6339:
6322:
6306:
6290:
6274:
6258:
6242:
6225:
6209:
6193:
6177:
6161:
6145:
6128:
6112:
6096:
6080:
6064:
6048:
6032:
6011:) is expected.
5974:
5970:
5966:
5962:
5958:
5954:
5950:
5944:
5939:
5929:
5919:
5909:
5901:
5893:
5884:
5874:
5866:
5858:
5850:
5842:
5826:
5816:
5808:
5800:
5792:
5782:
5774:
5766:
5750:
5740:
5732:
5724:
5716:
5708:
5700:
5692:
5676:
5663:
5652:
5641:
5628:
5615:
5602:
5584:indirect object
5576:
5563:
5552:
5541:
5528:
5515:
5498:
5451:
5445:
5437:
5420:
5407:
5397:
5384:
5379:
5362:
5349:
5341:
5331:
5318:
5313:
5296:
5283:
5270:
5252:
5244:
5236:/ʔaɲcəɲ ʔɑŋkuj/
5234:
5226:
5215:
5205:
5197:
5187:
5179:
5157:
5149:
5139:
5131:
5123:
5112:
5104:/kʰɲom ɲam ɓaj/
5102:
5094:
5086:
5022:
5016:
5008:
4998:
4990:
4982:
4972:
4961:
4951:
4943:
4935:
4925:
4914:
4909:girl DEM pretty
4904:
4896:
4886:
4804:
4798:
4790:
4781:
4771:
4762:
4752:
4743:
4702:
4694:
4685:
4675:
4666:
4656:
4647:
4613:
4604:
4579:
4571:
4566:dog large large
4562:
4552:
4543:
4533:
4524:
4489:. There are no
4487:singular/plural
4475:
4470:
4461:
4454:
4446:
4438:
4429:
4422:
4414:
4403:
4394:
4387:
4379:
4372:
4364:
4356:
4347:
4340:
4332:
4325:
4317:
4286:
4284:
4280:
4279:
4275:
4273:
4269:
4268:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4232:
4230:
4226:
4225:
4221:
4219:
4215:
4214:
4202:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4169:"to extinguish"
4166:
4162:
4152:
4151:"to tear apart"
4148:
4144:
4140:
4075:
4070:
4057:
4044:
4031:
4018:
4005:
3992:
3979:
3966:
3953:
3940:
3927:
3914:
3901:
3888:
3875:
3862:
3849:
3836:
3823:
3810:
3797:
3784:
3771:
3706:auxiliary verbs
3686:
3680:
3606:
3551:
3545:
3483:
3447:/b/,/d/,/r/,/s/
2534:
2314:
2307:
2300:
2293:
2281:
2274:
2267:
2255:
2248:
2241:
2229:
2222:
2215:
2203:
2192:
2185:
2170:
2161:
2117:
2108:
2099:
2090:
2072:
2057:
2048:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1971:
1962:
1953:
1944:
1935:
1926:
1853:
1818:/p/,/t/,/c/,/k/
1767:/p/,/t/,/c/,/k/
1754:
1743:
1715:
1701:
1689:
1675:
1664:
1653:
1642:
1620:
1605:
1589:
1583:
1574:
1558:
1542:
1526:
1509:
1496:
1487:
1478:
1469:
1425:
1409:
1261:
1118:
1108:
914:
912:
826:
787:
781:
773:inherent vowels
684:. There are no
549:[kʰmae]
526:
502:
498:
492:
491:
490:
477:Without proper
468:
464:
455:
454:
450:
434:
419:
418:
412:
392:
391:
385:
384:
376:
365:
364:
357:
346:
345:
338:
316:
315:
304:
302:
291:
289:
282:
280:
265:
263:
260:
253:Official status
248:
232:
227:
221:
200:
193:
179:
176:Language family
174:
164:
142:
93:
80:
52:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
14494:
14484:
14483:
14478:
14473:
14468:
14463:
14458:
14453:
14448:
14446:Khmer language
14431:
14430:
14427:
14426:
14419:
14409:
14408:
14405:
14404:
14401:
14400:
14398:
14397:
14390:
14383:
14376:
14369:
14361:
14358:
14357:
14345:
14344:
14341:
14340:
14337:
14336:
14334:
14333:
14328:
14327:
14326:
14321:
14316:
14305:
14303:
14299:
14298:
14296:
14295:
14290:
14284:
14282:
14276:
14275:
14273:
14272:
14267:
14261:
14259:
14249:
14248:
14238:
14237:
14234:
14233:
14230:
14229:
14227:
14226:
14218:
14216:
14212:
14211:
14209:
14208:
14203:
14198:
14193:
14187:
14185:
14178:
14177:
14175:
14174:
14168:
14166:
14162:
14161:
14159:
14158:
14153:
14148:
14143:
14136:
14130:
14128:
14121:
14120:
14118:
14117:
14112:
14107:
14102:
14097:
14092:
14087:
14082:
14077:
14072:
14066:
14064:
14053:
14052:
14040:
14039:
14036:
14035:
14032:
14031:
14029:
14028:
14023:
14018:
14012:
14010:
14006:
14005:
14003:
14002:
13997:
13992:
13986:
13984:
13978:
13977:
13975:
13974:
13969:
13963:
13961:
13953:
13952:
13940:
13939:
13936:
13935:
13932:
13931:
13928:
13927:
13925:
13924:
13918:
13916:
13912:
13911:
13909:
13908:
13903:
13897:
13895:
13891:
13890:
13888:
13887:
13882:
13877:
13872:
13866:
13864:
13860:
13859:
13857:
13856:
13850:
13848:
13844:
13843:
13841:
13840:
13834:
13832:
13825:
13821:
13820:
13817:
13816:
13813:
13812:
13810:
13809:
13804:
13798:
13796:
13792:
13791:
13789:
13788:
13783:
13778:
13773:
13768:
13763:
13758:
13753:
13748:
13743:
13737:
13735:
13728:
13724:
13723:
13721:
13720:
13714:
13712:
13705:
13697:
13696:
13684:
13683:
13680:
13679:
13676:
13675:
13672:
13671:
13669:
13668:
13663:
13657:
13655:
13651:
13650:
13647:
13646:
13644:
13643:
13638:
13632:
13630:
13626:
13625:
13623:
13622:
13617:
13612:
13607:
13601:
13599:
13593:
13592:
13590:
13589:
13584:
13579:
13574:
13569:
13563:
13561:
13555:
13554:
13552:
13551:
13546:
13541:
13536:
13531:
13526:
13520:
13518:
13509:
13508:East Palaungic
13505:
13504:
13502:
13501:
13496:
13490:
13488:
13487:West Palaungic
13484:
13483:
13481:
13480:
13474:
13472:
13465:
13459:
13458:
13455:
13454:
13452:
13451:
13445:
13443:
13439:
13438:
13436:
13435:
13430:
13425:
13420:
13414:
13412:
13405:
13395:
13394:
13382:
13381:
13378:
13377:
13374:
13373:
13370:
13369:
13367:
13366:
13361:
13355:
13353:
13349:
13348:
13346:
13345:
13339:
13337:
13333:
13332:
13330:
13329:
13323:
13321:
13317:
13316:
13314:
13313:
13308:
13303:
13297:
13295:
13288:
13285:Western Pearic
13282:
13281:
13279:
13278:
13272:
13270:
13262:
13261:
13249:
13248:
13245:
13244:
13241:
13240:
13238:
13237:
13232:
13227:
13222:
13217:
13211:
13209:
13205:
13204:
13202:
13201:
13195:
13193:
13189:
13188:
13186:
13185:
13179:
13177:
13169:
13168:
13156:
13155:
13152:
13151:
13148:
13147:
13145:
13144:
13139:
13134:
13128:
13126:
13122:
13121:
13119:
13118:
13113:
13108:
13102:
13100:
13096:
13095:
13093:
13092:
13087:
13082:
13077:
13071:
13069:
13063:
13062:
13060:
13059:
13053:
13051:
13047:
13046:
13044:
13043:
13038:
13033:
13032:
13031:
13026:
13021:
13003:
13001:
12993:
12992:
12980:
12979:
12976:
12975:
12972:
12971:
12969:
12968:
12963:
12957:
12955:
12951:
12950:
12948:
12947:
12941:
12939:
12935:
12934:
12932:
12931:
12925:
12923:
12919:
12918:
12916:
12915:
12910:
12904:
12902:
12894:
12893:
12881:
12880:
12877:
12876:
12873:
12872:
12870:
12869:
12863:
12861:
12857:
12856:
12853:
12852:
12850:
12849:
12844:
12839:
12834:
12829:
12824:
12819:
12813:
12811:
12807:
12806:
12804:
12803:
12798:
12793:
12787:
12781:
12777:
12776:
12774:
12773:
12768:
12763:
12758:
12753:
12748:
12743:
12738:
12733:
12727:
12725:
12721:
12720:
12718:
12717:
12712:
12707:
12702:
12697:
12692:
12687:
12682:
12677:
12672:
12667:
12662:
12657:
12651:
12649:
12641:
12640:
12628:
12627:
12620:
12619:
12612:
12605:
12597:
12588:
12587:
12585:
12584:
12579:
12574:
12568:
12566:
12560:
12559:
12557:
12556:
12551:
12546:
12541:
12536:
12531:
12525:
12523:
12519:
12518:
12516:
12515:
12510:
12504:
12502:
12498:
12497:
12494:
12493:
12491:
12490:
12485:
12480:
12475:
12470:
12465:
12460:
12455:
12450:
12445:
12440:
12435:
12430:
12425:
12420:
12415:
12410:
12405:
12399:
12397:
12391:
12390:
12388:
12387:
12382:
12377:
12372:
12350:
12344:
12342:
12336:
12335:
12333:
12332:
12327:
12322:
12317:
12312:
12306:
12304:
12298:
12297:
12295:
12294:
12289:
12284:
12279:
12274:
12269:
12263:
12261:
12255:
12254:
12251:
12250:
12248:
12247:
12242:
12237:
12231:
12229:
12225:
12224:
12222:
12221:
12216:
12211:
12206:
12201:
12200:
12199:
12194:
12189:
12184:
12173:
12171:
12165:
12164:
12162:
12161:
12155:
12153:
12147:
12146:
12144:
12143:
12138:
12133:
12128:
12122:
12120:
12114:
12113:
12111:
12110:
12105:
12100:
12095:
12090:
12085:
12080:
12075:
12070:
12065:
12060:
12055:
12050:
12045:
12040:
12035:
12030:
12024:
12022:
12013:
12004:
11998:
11997:
11995:
11994:
11988:
11986:
11982:
11981:
11974:
11973:
11966:
11959:
11951:
11942:
11941:
11939:
11938:
11933:
11927:
11925:
11924:Sign languages
11921:
11920:
11917:
11916:
11914:
11913:
11908:
11903:
11897:
11895:
11889:
11888:
11886:
11885:
11880:
11875:
11870:
11865:
11859:
11857:
11848:
11847:Non-Indigenous
11844:
11843:
11840:
11839:
11837:
11836:
11831:
11826:
11821:
11816:
11811:
11806:
11801:
11800:
11799:
11794:
11789:
11784:
11779:
11774:
11764:
11759:
11754:
11748:
11746:
11740:
11739:
11737:
11736:
11731:
11725:
11723:
11717:
11716:
11714:
11713:
11708:
11703:
11698:
11697:
11696:
11689:
11682:
11670:
11664:
11662:
11656:
11655:
11653:
11652:
11647:
11642:
11637:
11632:
11627:
11622:
11617:
11612:
11607:
11606:
11605:
11598:
11586:
11581:
11576:
11571:
11566:
11560:
11558:
11549:
11539:
11538:
11535:
11534:
11532:
11531:
11526:
11521:
11515:
11513:
11509:
11508:
11506:
11505:
11499:
11497:
11493:
11492:
11490:
11489:
11484:
11479:
11474:
11468:
11466:
11462:
11461:
11459:
11458:
11453:
11447:
11445:
11438:
11432:
11431:
11429:
11428:
11422:
11420:
11416:
11415:
11397:
11396:
11389:
11382:
11374:
11365:
11364:
11362:
11361:
11356:
11350:
11348:
11344:
11343:
11340:
11339:
11337:
11336:
11331:
11326:
11321:
11316:
11311:
11305:
11303:
11299:
11298:
11296:
11295:
11290:
11285:
11280:
11275:
11270:
11265:
11260:
11255:
11250:
11245:
11240:
11235:
11229:
11227:
11218:
11212:
11211:
11209:
11208:
11202:
11200:
11196:
11195:
11188:
11187:
11180:
11173:
11165:
11155:
11154:
11153:
11148:
11143:
11132:
11127:
11122:
11112:
11102:
11097:
11085:
11084:External links
11082:
11080:
11079:
11065:
11051:
11034:
11027:
11013:
10999:
10981:
10967:
10953:
10950:
10936:
10922:
10908:
10894:
10886:
10884:
10881:
10879:
10878:
10853:
10825:
10798:
10753:
10735:
10729:978-9027276971
10728:
10706:
10687:
10658:
10617:
10610:
10586:
10580:978-0197135563
10579:
10558:
10545:978-9027238160
10544:
10457:
10444:
10398:
10365:
10333:
10292:
10286:978-0877275213
10285:
10216:
10174:
10133:
10120:
10088:
10076:
10061:
10039:
9995:
9989:978-0813309262
9988:
9963:
9956:
9933:
9905:
9887:
9850:
9837:
9824:
9817:
9796:
9784:
9765:
9728:
9682:
9659:
9643:
9617:(2): 181–201.
9594:
9587:
9569:
9535:
9522:Northern Khmer
9514:
9493:
9473:
9460:
9444:
9413:
9386:
9379:
9356:
9343:
9318:
9301:Northern Khmer
9271:
9269:
9266:
9265:
9264:
9259:
9254:
9249:
9243:
9242:
9228:
9212:
9209:
9206:
9205:
9199:
9198:transcription
9193:
9192:
9182:
9176:
9175:
9168:
9143:
9140:
9137:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9123:
9109:
9108:
9107:'grandfather'
9105:
9103:
9095:
9055:Pallava script
9032:Main article:
9029:
9028:Writing system
9026:
9023:
9022:
9020:
9013:
9006:
9004:
8997:
8990:
8987:
8967:
8947:
8943:
8942:
8939:
8926:
8912:
8909:
8895:
8880:
8877:
8864:
8851:
8847:
8846:
8844:
8837:
8830:
8828:
8821:
8818:ព្រះតេជព្រះគុណ
8814:
8812:
8805:
8802:ខ្ញុំព្រះករុណា
8798:
8794:
8793:
8791:
8784:
8777:
8775:
8768:
8759:
8756:
8743:
8730:
8726:
8725:
8723:
8716:
8709:
8707:
8700:
8693:
8691:
8684:
8677:
8673:
8672:
8670:
8663:
8656:
8654:
8647:
8640:
8638:
8631:
8624:
8620:
8619:
8616:
8613:
8610:
8571:
8568:
8518:(100,000) and
8458:
8457:
8450:
8445:
8438:
8431:
8428:
8421:
8416:
8409:
8402:
8398:
8397:
8390:
8385:
8378:
8371:
8368:
8361:
8356:
8349:
8342:
8338:
8337:
8330:
8325:
8318:
8311:
8308:
8301:
8296:
8289:
8282:
8278:
8277:
8270:
8265:
8258:
8251:
8248:
8241:
8232:
8225:
8218:
8214:
8213:
8206:
8201:
8194:
8187:
8184:
8177:
8172:
8165:
8158:
8154:
8153:
8146:
8141:
8134:
8127:
8124:
8117:
8112:
8105:
8098:
8094:
8093:
8086:
8081:
8074:
8067:
8064:
8057:
8052:
8045:
8038:
8034:
8033:
8026:
8021:
8014:
8007:
8004:
7997:
7992:
7985:
7978:
7974:
7973:
7966:
7957:
7950:
7943:
7940:
7933:
7928:
7921:
7914:
7910:
7909:
7907:
7905:
7903:
7901:
7899:
7892:
7887:
7880:
7873:
7869:
7868:
7866:
7864:
7862:
7860:
7858:
7851:
7846:
7839:
7832:
7828:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7814:
7809:
7806:
7801:
7796:
7793:
7788:
7772:Khmer numerals
7761:Khmer numerals
7759:Main article:
7756:
7753:
7729:
7728:
7707:
7699:
7691:
7681:
7673:
7665:
7664:
7662:
7644:
7636:
7628:
7620:
7612:
7611:
7606:
7557:
7554:
7536:
7528:
7520:
7512:
7504:
7496:
7495:
7486:
7483:
7465:
7457:
7449:
7441:
7431:
7430:
7405:
7397:
7387:
7379:
7371:
7363:
7362:
7342:
7334:
7326:
7318:
7317:
7308:/loːk tɨw naː/
7299:
7291:
7283:
7282:
7262:question words
7257:
7254:
7234:
7224:
7216:
7208:
7198:
7197:
7162:
7154:
7146:
7138:
7130:
7122:
7121:
7101:
7091:
7083:
7075:
7067:
7057:
7056:
7024:
7016:
7006:
6998:
6990:
6989:
6976:he {to go} pfv
6964:
6956:
6948:
6947:
6929:
6921:
6913:
6912:
6901:
6900:
6879:
6869:
6861:
6860:
6858:
6838:
6830:
6820:
6812:
6811:
6809:
6803:I {to believe}
6791:
6783:
6782:
6777:
6725:
6717:
6709:
6708:
6690:
6682:
6674:
6666:
6665:
6647:
6639:
6631:
6623:
6615:
6605:
6597:
6589:
6588:
6555:
6547:
6539:
6531:
6523:
6522:
6512:
6509:
6491:
6477:
6469:
6461:
6460:
6420:
6404:
6388:
6372:
6356:
6340:
6324:
6323:
6291:
6275:
6259:
6243:
6227:
6226:
6194:
6178:
6162:
6146:
6130:
6129:
6097:
6081:
6065:
6049:
6033:
6017:
6016:
5981:
5980:
5943:
5940:
5920:
5910:
5902:
5894:
5886:
5885:
5867:
5859:
5851:
5843:
5835:
5834:
5809:
5801:
5793:
5783:
5775:
5767:
5759:
5758:
5733:
5725:
5717:
5709:
5701:
5693:
5685:
5684:
5653:
5642:
5629:
5616:
5603:
5590:
5589:
5553:
5542:
5529:
5516:
5503:
5502:
5497:
5494:
5450:
5447:
5442:
5441:
5408:
5398:
5390:
5389:
5388:
5387:
5380:
5350:
5342:
5332:
5324:
5323:
5322:
5321:
5314:
5311:"handsome boy"
5284:
5276:
5275:
5274:
5273:
5263:
5249:
5248:
5227:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5198:
5188:
5180:
5172:
5171:
5166:
5154:
5153:
5132:
5124:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5095:
5087:
5079:
5078:
5073:
5021:
5018:
5013:
5012:
4991:
4983:
4973:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4944:
4936:
4926:
4918:
4917:
4915:
4897:
4887:
4879:
4878:
4873:
4811:demonstratives
4803:
4800:
4795:
4794:
4775:
4774:
4772:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4747:NMLZ {to live}
4737:
4736:
4731:
4725:nominalization
4699:
4698:
4679:
4678:
4676:
4660:
4659:
4657:
4641:
4640:
4635:
4596:
4595:
4576:
4575:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4537:
4536:
4534:
4518:
4517:
4512:
4474:
4471:
4455:
4447:
4440:
4439:
4423:
4415:
4408:
4407:
4388:
4380:
4373:
4365:
4358:
4357:
4341:
4333:
4326:
4318:
4311:
4310:
4289:
4288:
4281:
4277:
4270:
4266:
4265:nominalization
4263:
4259:
4258:
4253:
4250:
4245:
4242:
4239:
4235:
4234:
4227:
4223:
4216:
4212:
4209:
4205:
4204:
4199:
4196:
4191:
4188:
4185:
4181:
4180:
4177:"extinguished"
4175:
4172:
4167:
4164:
4163:nominalization
4159:
4155:
4154:
4149:
4146:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4074:
4071:
4045:
4032:
4019:
4006:
3993:
3980:
3967:
3954:
3941:
3928:
3915:
3902:
3889:
3876:
3863:
3850:
3837:
3824:
3811:
3798:
3785:
3772:
3759:
3758:
3682:Main article:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3662:
3661:
3645:
3644:
3611:often conveys
3605:
3602:
3563:breathy voiced
3544:
3541:
3501:sesquisyllabic
3482:
3479:
3462:minor syllable
3455:Northern Khmer
3410:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3399:
3397:
3391:
3385:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3377:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3361:
3355:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3337:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3308:
3302:
3296:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3280:
3274:
3272:
3266:
3264:
3258:
3252:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3221:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3168:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3152:
3146:
3144:
3138:
3132:
3126:
3120:
3114:
3108:
3106:
3100:
3094:
3088:
3082:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3061:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3013:
3007:
3001:
2999:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2948:
2942:
2940:
2934:
2928:
2926:
2920:
2918:
2912:
2906:
2900:
2894:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2878:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2851:
2845:
2843:
2837:
2831:
2825:
2819:
2817:
2811:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2787:
2781:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2716:
2710:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2674:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2533:
2530:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2402:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2389:
2310:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2287:close opening
2284:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2250:
2243:
2236:
2232:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2206:
2205:
2194:
2187:
2180:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2165:
2163:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2120:
2119:
2110:
2101:
2092:
2083:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2050:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2025:
2016:
2007:
1998:
1989:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1964:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1928:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1852:
1849:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1747:
1745:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1708:
1706:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1682:
1680:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1657:
1655:
1644:
1635:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1607:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1576:
1560:
1544:
1528:
1512:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1489:
1480:
1471:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1400:
1393:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1341:Northern Khmer
1338:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1275:
1274:
1272:Khmer language
1268:
1267:
1260:
1257:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1177:Before 600 CE
1175:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1107:
1104:
1064:Southern Khmer
1002:vocal register
965:the Great for
947:Northern Khmer
932:Standard Khmer
911:
910:
909:
908:
907:
906:
903:
899:Central Khmer
897:
888:
865:Surin province
825:
822:
783:Main article:
780:
779:Classification
777:
765:Pallava script
749:minor syllable
741:tonal language
481:, you may see
469:
462:
461:
460:
457:
456:
449:
448:
440:
439:
432:
426:
425:
417: Khmeric
410:
402:
401:
399:Northern Khmer
381:
373:
372:
362:
354:
353:
343:
335:
334:
333:Language codes
330:
329:
324:
318:
317:
314:
313:
300:
286:
285:
283:
278:
275:
274:
261:
258:
255:
254:
250:
249:
247:
246:
241:
235:
233:
229:Writing system
226:
223:
222:
220:
219:
218:
217:
203:
201:
198:
195:
194:
192:
191:
182:
180:
173:
170:
169:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
141:
140:
126:
112:
106:
104:
103:Native to
100:
99:
86:
82:
81:
73:
65:
64:
38:
37:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
14493:
14482:
14479:
14477:
14474:
14472:
14469:
14467:
14464:
14462:
14459:
14457:
14454:
14452:
14449:
14447:
14444:
14443:
14441:
14424:
14420:
14418:
14414:
14411:
14410:
14406:
14396:
14395:
14391:
14389:
14388:
14384:
14382:
14381:
14380:Proto-Khmeric
14377:
14375:
14374:
14370:
14368:
14367:
14363:
14362:
14359:
14355:
14350:
14346:
14332:
14329:
14325:
14322:
14320:
14317:
14315:
14312:
14311:
14310:
14307:
14306:
14304:
14300:
14294:
14293:Bugan (Pakan)
14291:
14289:
14286:
14285:
14283:
14281:
14277:
14271:
14268:
14266:
14263:
14262:
14260:
14258:
14254:
14250:
14243:
14239:
14225:
14224:
14220:
14219:
14217:
14213:
14207:
14204:
14202:
14199:
14197:
14194:
14192:
14189:
14188:
14186:
14183:
14179:
14173:
14170:
14169:
14167:
14163:
14157:
14154:
14152:
14149:
14147:
14144:
14142:
14141:
14137:
14135:
14132:
14131:
14129:
14126:
14122:
14116:
14113:
14111:
14108:
14106:
14103:
14101:
14098:
14096:
14093:
14091:
14088:
14086:
14083:
14081:
14078:
14076:
14073:
14071:
14068:
14067:
14065:
14062:
14058:
14054:
14050:
14045:
14041:
14027:
14024:
14022:
14019:
14017:
14014:
14013:
14011:
14007:
14001:
13998:
13996:
13993:
13991:
13988:
13987:
13985:
13983:
13979:
13973:
13970:
13968:
13965:
13964:
13962:
13960:Chaura-Teresa
13958:
13954:
13950:
13945:
13941:
13923:
13920:
13919:
13917:
13913:
13907:
13904:
13902:
13899:
13898:
13896:
13892:
13886:
13883:
13881:
13878:
13876:
13873:
13871:
13868:
13867:
13865:
13861:
13855:
13852:
13851:
13849:
13845:
13839:
13836:
13835:
13833:
13829:
13826:
13822:
13808:
13805:
13803:
13800:
13799:
13797:
13793:
13787:
13784:
13782:
13779:
13777:
13774:
13772:
13769:
13767:
13764:
13762:
13759:
13757:
13754:
13752:
13749:
13747:
13744:
13742:
13739:
13738:
13736:
13732:
13729:
13725:
13719:
13716:
13715:
13713:
13709:
13706:
13702:
13698:
13694:
13689:
13685:
13667:
13664:
13662:
13659:
13658:
13656:
13652:
13642:
13639:
13637:
13634:
13633:
13631:
13627:
13621:
13618:
13616:
13613:
13611:
13608:
13606:
13603:
13602:
13600:
13598:
13594:
13588:
13585:
13583:
13580:
13578:
13575:
13573:
13570:
13568:
13565:
13564:
13562:
13560:
13556:
13550:
13547:
13545:
13542:
13540:
13537:
13535:
13532:
13530:
13527:
13525:
13522:
13521:
13519:
13517:
13513:
13510:
13506:
13500:
13497:
13495:
13492:
13491:
13489:
13485:
13479:
13476:
13475:
13473:
13469:
13466:
13464:
13460:
13450:
13447:
13446:
13444:
13440:
13434:
13431:
13429:
13426:
13424:
13421:
13419:
13416:
13415:
13413:
13409:
13406:
13404:
13400:
13396:
13392:
13387:
13383:
13365:
13362:
13360:
13357:
13356:
13354:
13350:
13344:
13341:
13340:
13338:
13334:
13328:
13327:Western Chong
13325:
13324:
13322:
13318:
13312:
13309:
13307:
13304:
13302:
13301:Central Chong
13299:
13298:
13296:
13292:
13289:
13283:
13277:
13274:
13273:
13271:
13267:
13263:
13259:
13254:
13250:
13236:
13233:
13231:
13228:
13226:
13223:
13221:
13218:
13216:
13213:
13212:
13210:
13206:
13200:
13197:
13196:
13194:
13190:
13184:
13181:
13180:
13178:
13174:
13170:
13166:
13161:
13157:
13143:
13140:
13138:
13135:
13133:
13130:
13129:
13127:
13123:
13117:
13114:
13112:
13109:
13107:
13104:
13103:
13101:
13097:
13091:
13088:
13086:
13083:
13081:
13078:
13076:
13073:
13072:
13070:
13068:
13064:
13058:
13055:
13054:
13052:
13048:
13042:
13039:
13037:
13034:
13030:
13027:
13025:
13022:
13018:
13013:
13010:
13009:
13008:
13005:
13004:
13002:
12998:
12994:
12990:
12985:
12981:
12967:
12964:
12962:
12959:
12958:
12956:
12952:
12946:
12943:
12942:
12940:
12936:
12930:
12927:
12926:
12924:
12920:
12914:
12911:
12909:
12906:
12905:
12903:
12899:
12895:
12891:
12886:
12882:
12868:
12865:
12864:
12862:
12858:
12848:
12845:
12843:
12840:
12838:
12835:
12833:
12830:
12828:
12825:
12823:
12820:
12818:
12815:
12814:
12812:
12808:
12802:
12799:
12797:
12794:
12792:
12789:
12788:
12785:
12782:
12778:
12772:
12769:
12767:
12764:
12762:
12759:
12757:
12754:
12752:
12749:
12747:
12744:
12742:
12739:
12737:
12734:
12732:
12729:
12728:
12726:
12722:
12716:
12713:
12711:
12708:
12706:
12703:
12701:
12698:
12696:
12693:
12691:
12688:
12686:
12683:
12681:
12678:
12676:
12673:
12671:
12668:
12666:
12663:
12661:
12658:
12656:
12653:
12652:
12650:
12646:
12642:
12638:
12633:
12629:
12625:
12618:
12613:
12611:
12606:
12604:
12599:
12598:
12595:
12583:
12580:
12578:
12575:
12573:
12570:
12569:
12567:
12565:
12561:
12555:
12552:
12550:
12547:
12545:
12542:
12540:
12537:
12535:
12532:
12530:
12527:
12526:
12524:
12520:
12514:
12511:
12509:
12506:
12505:
12503:
12499:
12489:
12486:
12484:
12481:
12479:
12476:
12474:
12471:
12469:
12466:
12464:
12463:Tai Hang Tong
12461:
12459:
12456:
12454:
12451:
12449:
12446:
12444:
12441:
12439:
12436:
12434:
12431:
12429:
12426:
12424:
12421:
12419:
12416:
12414:
12411:
12409:
12406:
12404:
12401:
12400:
12398:
12396:
12392:
12386:
12383:
12381:
12378:
12376:
12373:
12370:
12366:
12362:
12358:
12354:
12351:
12349:
12346:
12345:
12343:
12341:
12337:
12331:
12328:
12326:
12323:
12321:
12318:
12316:
12313:
12311:
12308:
12307:
12305:
12303:
12299:
12293:
12290:
12288:
12285:
12283:
12280:
12278:
12275:
12273:
12270:
12268:
12265:
12264:
12262:
12260:
12256:
12246:
12243:
12241:
12238:
12236:
12233:
12232:
12230:
12226:
12220:
12217:
12215:
12212:
12210:
12207:
12205:
12202:
12198:
12195:
12193:
12190:
12188:
12185:
12183:
12180:
12179:
12178:
12175:
12174:
12172:
12170:
12166:
12160:
12157:
12156:
12154:
12152:
12148:
12142:
12139:
12137:
12134:
12132:
12129:
12127:
12124:
12123:
12121:
12119:
12115:
12109:
12106:
12104:
12101:
12099:
12096:
12094:
12091:
12089:
12086:
12084:
12081:
12079:
12076:
12074:
12071:
12069:
12066:
12064:
12061:
12059:
12056:
12054:
12051:
12049:
12046:
12044:
12041:
12039:
12036:
12034:
12031:
12029:
12026:
12025:
12023:
12021:
12017:
12014:
12012:
12011:Austroasiatic
12008:
12005:
11999:
11993:
11990:
11989:
11987:
11983:
11979:
11972:
11967:
11965:
11960:
11958:
11953:
11952:
11949:
11937:
11936:Ban Khor Sign
11934:
11932:
11929:
11928:
11926:
11922:
11912:
11909:
11907:
11904:
11902:
11899:
11898:
11896:
11894:
11890:
11884:
11881:
11879:
11876:
11874:
11871:
11869:
11866:
11864:
11861:
11860:
11858:
11856:
11852:
11849:
11845:
11835:
11832:
11830:
11827:
11825:
11822:
11820:
11817:
11815:
11812:
11810:
11807:
11805:
11802:
11798:
11795:
11793:
11790:
11788:
11785:
11783:
11780:
11778:
11775:
11773:
11770:
11769:
11768:
11765:
11763:
11760:
11758:
11755:
11753:
11750:
11749:
11747:
11745:
11741:
11735:
11732:
11730:
11727:
11726:
11724:
11722:
11718:
11712:
11709:
11707:
11704:
11702:
11699:
11694:
11690:
11687:
11686:Pattani Malay
11683:
11680:
11679:Bangkok Malay
11676:
11675:
11674:
11671:
11669:
11666:
11665:
11663:
11661:
11657:
11651:
11648:
11646:
11643:
11641:
11638:
11636:
11633:
11631:
11628:
11626:
11623:
11621:
11618:
11616:
11613:
11611:
11608:
11603:
11599:
11596:
11592:
11591:
11590:
11587:
11585:
11582:
11580:
11577:
11575:
11572:
11570:
11567:
11565:
11562:
11561:
11559:
11557:
11556:Austroasiatic
11553:
11550:
11544:
11540:
11530:
11527:
11525:
11522:
11520:
11517:
11516:
11514:
11510:
11504:
11503:Southern Thai
11501:
11500:
11498:
11494:
11488:
11485:
11483:
11480:
11478:
11475:
11473:
11472:Northern Thai
11470:
11469:
11467:
11463:
11457:
11454:
11452:
11449:
11448:
11446:
11442:
11439:
11437:
11433:
11427:
11424:
11423:
11421:
11417:
11413:
11409:
11395:
11390:
11388:
11383:
11381:
11376:
11375:
11372:
11360:
11357:
11355:
11352:
11351:
11349:
11345:
11335:
11332:
11330:
11327:
11325:
11322:
11320:
11317:
11315:
11312:
11310:
11307:
11306:
11304:
11300:
11294:
11291:
11289:
11286:
11284:
11281:
11279:
11276:
11274:
11271:
11269:
11266:
11264:
11261:
11259:
11256:
11254:
11251:
11249:
11246:
11244:
11241:
11239:
11236:
11234:
11231:
11230:
11228:
11226:
11222:
11219:
11213:
11207:
11204:
11203:
11201:
11197:
11193:
11186:
11181:
11179:
11174:
11172:
11167:
11166:
11163:
11158:
11152:
11149:
11147:
11144:
11142:
11138:
11137:
11133:
11131:
11128:
11126:
11123:
11120:
11116:
11113:
11110:
11106:
11103:
11101:
11098:
11095:
11091:
11088:
11087:
11078:
11077:974-88670-2-1
11074:
11070:
11066:
11064:
11063:0-8248-2849-6
11060:
11056:
11052:
11050:
11049:0-415-10006-2
11046:
11042:
11038:
11035:
11032:
11028:
11026:
11025:0-315-75016-2
11022:
11018:
11014:
11012:
11011:0-7103-0514-1
11008:
11004:
11000:
10998:
10997:0-7286-0218-0
10994:
10990:
10986:
10982:
10980:
10979:0-19-713612-5
10976:
10972:
10968:
10966:
10965:0-19-713574-9
10962:
10958:
10954:
10951:
10949:
10948:0-300-01199-7
10945:
10941:
10937:
10935:
10934:0-300-01315-9
10931:
10927:
10923:
10920:
10916:
10913:
10909:
10907:
10906:0-8132-0509-3
10903:
10899:
10895:
10892:
10888:
10887:
10868:on 2011-10-27
10867:
10863:
10857:
10843:on 2012-02-13
10842:
10838:
10832:
10830:
10821:
10817:
10813:
10809:
10802:
10783:
10779:
10772:
10770:
10766:
10757:
10749:
10742:
10740:
10731:
10725:
10721:
10717:
10710:
10703:
10699:
10696:
10691:
10685:
10684:0-300-01315-9
10681:
10677:
10671:
10669:
10667:
10665:
10663:
10643:
10639:
10635:
10628:
10621:
10613:
10607:
10603:
10599:
10593:
10591:
10582:
10576:
10572:
10565:
10563:
10547:
10541:
10537:
10536:
10528:
10526:
10524:
10522:
10520:
10518:
10516:
10514:
10512:
10510:
10508:
10506:
10504:
10502:
10500:
10498:
10496:
10494:
10492:
10490:
10488:
10486:
10484:
10482:
10480:
10478:
10476:
10474:
10472:
10470:
10468:
10466:
10464:
10462:
10454:
10448:
10429:
10425:
10421:
10414:
10407:
10405:
10403:
10396:
10395:0-8132-0509-3
10392:
10388:
10382:
10380:
10378:
10376:
10374:
10372:
10370:
10351:
10344:
10337:
10318:
10314:
10310:
10303:
10296:
10288:
10282:
10278:
10271:
10269:
10267:
10265:
10263:
10261:
10259:
10257:
10255:
10253:
10251:
10249:
10247:
10245:
10243:
10241:
10239:
10237:
10235:
10233:
10231:
10229:
10227:
10225:
10223:
10221:
10206:on 2012-06-19
10202:
10195:
10189:
10187:
10185:
10183:
10181:
10179:
10159:
10156:(19): 27–34.
10155:
10151:
10144:
10137:
10130:
10124:
10106:
10099:
10092:
10085:
10080:
10072:
10065:
10057:
10050:
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10046:
10044:
10024:
10020:
10016:
10009:
10002:
10000:
9991:
9985:
9980:
9979:
9970:
9968:
9959:
9953:
9949:
9942:
9940:
9938:
9926:
9919:
9912:
9910:
9902:
9901:
9894:
9892:
9872:
9868:
9861:
9854:
9847:
9841:
9834:
9828:
9820:
9814:
9810:
9803:
9801:
9793:
9788:
9780:
9776:
9769:
9750:
9746:
9739:
9732:
9726:
9725:0-300-01314-0
9722:
9718:
9717:
9713:
9710:
9703:
9701:
9699:
9697:
9695:
9693:
9691:
9689:
9687:
9678:
9674:
9670:
9663:
9656:
9650:
9648:
9628:
9624:
9620:
9616:
9612:
9605:
9598:
9590:
9584:
9580:
9573:
9558:on 2011-01-19
9554:
9550:
9549:Mon-Khmer.com
9546:
9539:
9529:
9528:
9523:
9518:
9508:
9507:
9502:
9501:Central Khmer
9497:
9491:
9490:0-85883-570-3
9487:
9483:
9477:
9470:
9464:
9457:
9451:
9449:
9432:
9428:
9424:
9417:
9410:
9406:
9403:
9402:
9395:
9393:
9391:
9382:
9376:
9373:. Routledge.
9372:
9371:
9363:
9361:
9353:
9347:
9332:
9328:
9322:
9314:
9308:
9307:
9302:
9296:
9290:
9289:
9284:
9279:
9277:
9272:
9263:
9260:
9258:
9255:
9253:
9250:
9248:
9245:
9244:
9240:
9234:
9229:
9226:
9215:
9200:
9195:
9194:
9191:
9189:
9183:
9181:romanization
9178:
9177:
9169:
9166:
9165:
9162:
9160:
9134:
9132:
9124:
9111:
9110:
9106:
9104:
9096:
9083:
9082:
9079:
9077:
9071:
9069:
9065:
9061:
9056:
9052:
9045:
9040:
9035:
9021:
9018:
9014:
9007:
9005:
9002:
8998:
8991:
8988:
8984:
8978:
8972:
8968:
8948:
8945:
8944:
8940:
8937:
8931:
8927:
8913:
8910:
8906:
8902:(to female),
8900:
8896:
8881:
8878:
8875:
8869:
8865:
8852:
8849:
8848:
8845:
8842:
8838:
8831:
8829:
8826:
8822:
8815:
8813:
8810:
8806:
8799:
8796:
8795:
8792:
8789:
8785:
8778:
8776:
8773:
8769:
8760:
8757:
8754:
8748:
8744:
8731:
8728:
8727:
8724:
8721:
8717:
8710:
8708:
8705:
8701:
8694:
8692:
8689:
8685:
8678:
8675:
8674:
8671:
8668:
8664:
8657:
8655:
8652:
8648:
8641:
8639:
8636:
8632:
8625:
8622:
8621:
8608:
8607:
8604:
8577:
8567:
8561:
8551:
8547:
8541:
8527:
8513:
8499:
8485:
8471:
8455:
8451:
8446:
8439:
8432:
8429:
8426:
8422:
8417:
8410:
8403:
8400:
8399:
8395:
8391:
8386:
8379:
8372:
8369:
8366:
8362:
8357:
8350:
8343:
8340:
8339:
8335:
8331:
8326:
8319:
8312:
8309:
8306:
8302:
8297:
8290:
8283:
8280:
8279:
8275:
8271:
8266:
8259:
8252:
8249:
8246:
8242:
8233:
8226:
8219:
8216:
8215:
8211:
8207:
8202:
8195:
8188:
8185:
8182:
8178:
8173:
8166:
8159:
8156:
8155:
8151:
8147:
8142:
8135:
8128:
8125:
8122:
8118:
8113:
8106:
8099:
8096:
8095:
8091:
8087:
8082:
8075:
8068:
8065:
8062:
8058:
8053:
8046:
8039:
8036:
8035:
8031:
8027:
8022:
8015:
8008:
8005:
8002:
7998:
7993:
7986:
7979:
7976:
7975:
7971:
7967:
7958:
7951:
7944:
7941:
7938:
7934:
7929:
7922:
7915:
7912:
7911:
7908:
7906:
7904:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7893:
7888:
7881:
7874:
7871:
7870:
7867:
7865:
7863:
7861:
7859:
7856:
7852:
7847:
7840:
7833:
7830:
7829:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7818:
7815:
7813:
7810:
7807:
7805:
7802:
7800:
7797:
7794:
7792:
7789:
7786:
7785:
7782:
7779:
7777:
7773:
7768:
7762:
7752:
7743:("because"),
7727:
7723:
7720:
7717:
7713:
7710:
7705:
7702:
7697:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7676:
7671:
7668:
7663:
7660:
7657:
7654:
7650:
7647:
7642:
7639:
7634:
7631:
7626:
7623:
7618:
7615:
7610:
7609:
7604:
7597:
7575:
7571:
7567:
7563:
7556:Clause syntax
7552:
7549:
7546:
7542:
7539:
7534:
7531:
7526:
7523:
7518:
7515:
7510:
7507:
7502:
7499:
7494:
7485:Passive voice
7481:
7478:
7475:
7471:
7468:
7463:
7460:
7455:
7452:
7447:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7429:
7421:
7418:
7415:
7411:
7408:
7403:
7400:
7395:
7390:
7385:
7382:
7377:
7374:
7369:
7366:
7360:
7357:
7354:
7350:
7345:
7340:
7337:
7332:
7329:
7324:
7321:
7315:
7312:
7309:
7305:
7302:
7297:
7294:
7289:
7286:
7281:
7279:
7275:
7274:Tag questions
7267:
7263:
7252:
7249:
7246:
7242:
7237:
7232:
7227:
7222:
7219:
7214:
7211:
7206:
7201:
7196:
7180:
7177:
7174:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7157:
7152:
7149:
7144:
7141:
7136:
7133:
7128:
7125:
7119:
7116:
7113:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7094:
7089:
7086:
7081:
7078:
7073:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7053:
7045:
7040:
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7034:
7030:
7027:
7022:
7019:
7014:
7009:
7004:
7001:
6996:
6993:
6988:
6980:
6977:
6974:
6970:
6967:
6962:
6959:
6954:
6951:
6945:
6942:
6939:
6935:
6932:
6927:
6924:
6919:
6916:
6911:
6899:
6895:
6892:
6889:
6885:
6882:
6877:
6872:
6867:
6864:
6859:
6856:
6853:
6850:
6846:
6841:
6836:
6833:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6815:
6810:
6807:
6804:
6801:
6797:
6794:
6789:
6786:
6781:
6780:
6775:
6774:before them.
6746:
6741:
6738:
6737:to exist plan
6735:
6731:
6728:
6723:
6720:
6715:
6712:
6706:
6703:
6700:
6696:
6693:
6688:
6685:
6680:
6677:
6672:
6669:
6663:
6660:
6657:
6653:
6650:
6645:
6642:
6637:
6634:
6629:
6626:
6621:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6600:
6595:
6592:
6587:
6571:
6568:
6565:
6561:
6558:
6553:
6550:
6545:
6542:
6537:
6534:
6529:
6526:
6521:
6507:
6504:
6501:
6497:
6494:
6489:
6480:
6475:
6472:
6467:
6464:
6459:
6450:
6447:
6444:
6441:
6438:
6434:
6429:
6426:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6410:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6394:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6378:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6362:
6359:
6354:
6349:
6346:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6330:
6327:
6321:
6318:
6315:
6312:
6309:
6305:
6300:
6297:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6281:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6265:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6249:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6233:
6230:
6224:
6221:
6218:
6215:
6212:
6208:
6203:
6200:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6184:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6168:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6152:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6136:
6133:
6127:
6124:
6121:
6118:
6115:
6111:
6106:
6103:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6087:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6071:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6055:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6039:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6023:
6020:
6015:
6012:
6005:
5986:
5977:
5976:Demonstrative
5949:
5948:
5947:
5938:
5935:
5932:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5905:
5900:
5897:
5892:
5889:
5883:
5880:
5877:
5873:
5870:
5865:
5862:
5857:
5854:
5849:
5846:
5841:
5838:
5833:
5831:
5830:topic–comment
5825:
5822:
5819:
5815:
5812:
5807:
5804:
5799:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5778:
5773:
5770:
5765:
5762:
5757:
5749:
5746:
5743:
5739:
5736:
5731:
5728:
5723:
5720:
5715:
5712:
5707:
5704:
5699:
5696:
5691:
5688:
5683:
5675:
5672:
5669:
5666:
5662:
5659:
5656:
5651:
5648:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5593:
5588:
5585:
5581:
5580:direct object
5575:
5572:
5569:
5566:
5562:
5559:
5556:
5551:
5548:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5506:
5501:
5493:
5491:
5487:
5483:
5478:
5476:
5472:
5471:interrogative
5468:
5464:
5460:
5455:
5440:
5436:
5433:
5432:
5427:
5425:
5419:
5418:
5414:
5412:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5393:
5383:
5382:
5381:
5378:
5375:
5374:
5369:
5367:
5361:
5360:
5356:
5354:
5348:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5327:
5317:
5316:
5315:
5312:
5309:
5308:
5303:
5301:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5288:
5282:
5279:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5261:
5259:
5247:
5243:
5242:"Please sit."
5240:
5237:
5233:
5230:
5225:
5222:
5217:
5214:
5211:
5208:
5204:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5183:
5178:
5175:
5170:
5169:
5164:
5162:
5152:
5148:
5145:
5142:
5138:
5135:
5130:
5127:
5122:
5119:
5114:
5111:
5110:"I eat rice."
5108:
5105:
5101:
5098:
5093:
5090:
5085:
5082:
5077:
5076:
5071:
5069:
5068:direct object
5065:
5061:
5059:
5054:
5052:
5048:
5035:
5031:
5027:
5011:
5007:
5004:
5001:
4997:
4994:
4989:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4968:
4963:
4960:
4957:
4954:
4950:
4947:
4942:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4921:
4916:
4913:
4910:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4882:
4877:
4876:
4871:
4869:
4865:
4864:reduplication
4848:
4831:
4827:
4823:
4821:
4816:
4812:
4808:
4793:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4773:
4770:
4769:' lying down'
4767:
4764:
4761:
4758:
4754:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4735:
4734:
4729:
4726:
4721:
4719:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4697:
4693:
4690:
4687:
4684:
4681:
4677:
4674:
4671:
4668:
4665:
4662:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4646:
4643:
4639:
4638:
4633:
4612:
4611:"two pencils"
4609:
4606:
4603:
4598:
4594:
4592:
4588:
4584:
4574:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4554:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4539:
4535:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4516:
4515:
4510:
4508:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4460:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4445:
4442:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4428:
4425:
4421:
4418:
4413:
4410:
4406:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4393:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4378:
4375:
4371:
4368:
4363:
4360:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4346:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4331:
4328:
4324:
4321:
4316:
4313:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4302:reduplication
4299:
4295:
4285:"information"
4282:
4278:
4271:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4254:
4251:
4247:"to be clean"
4246:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4236:
4228:
4224:
4217:
4213:
4210:
4208:prefixed , ,
4207:
4206:
4203:"to compare"
4200:
4197:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4176:
4173:
4168:
4165:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4150:
4147:
4143:"broke, torn"
4142:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4103:
4099:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4084:
4080:
4069:
4066:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4051:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3762:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3750:Henri Maspero
3747:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3732:Topic-Comment
3729:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3684:Khmer grammar
3667:
3666:
3665:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3601:
3595:
3591:
3586:
3584:
3564:
3560:
3559:Western Khmer
3556:
3550:
3540:
3531:
3528:
3522:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3493:
3491:
3487:
3478:
3476:
3467:
3463:
3458:
3456:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3431:
3417:
3414:Slight vowel
3408:
3406:
3400:
3398:
3392:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3378:
3372:
3370:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3338:
3332:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3315:
3309:
3303:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3287:
3281:
3275:
3273:
3267:
3265:
3259:
3253:
3247:
3245:
3243:
3238:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3169:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3153:
3147:
3145:
3139:
3133:
3127:
3121:
3115:
3109:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3078:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3062:
3056:
3050:
3044:
3038:
3032:
3026:
3020:
3014:
3008:
3002:
3000:
2994:
2988:
2982:
2976:
2970:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2949:
2943:
2941:
2935:
2929:
2927:
2921:
2919:
2913:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2893:
2887:
2885:
2879:
2873:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2852:
2846:
2844:
2838:
2832:
2826:
2820:
2818:
2812:
2806:
2800:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2782:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2753:
2747:
2741:
2735:
2729:
2723:
2717:
2711:
2709:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2685:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2543:
2539:
2529:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2388:Khmer Vowels
2387:
2386:
2380:
2318:
2303:
2296:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2235:open closing
2234:
2233:
2225:
2218:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2195:
2188:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2166:
2164:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2102:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2070:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2055:
2051:
2046:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2012:
2008:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1871:
1861:
1857:
1848:
1846:
1825:
1823:
1806:
1804:
1799:
1784:
1776:
1772:
1759:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1746:
1741:
1735:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1713:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1687:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1674:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1658:
1656:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1618:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1587:
1581:
1571:
1565:
1561:
1555:
1549:
1545:
1539:
1533:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1499:
1494:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1420:
1418:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1367:Proto-Khmeric
1365:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1346:Western Khmer
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1211:1800–present
1210:
1208:Modern Khmer
1207:
1206:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1135:
1130:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1103:
1101:
1098:districts in
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
990:
989:Western Khmer
985:
979:
975:
970:
968:
964:
960:
954:
949:
948:
943:
941:
940:Central Plain
937:
936:Central Khmer
933:
904:
901:
900:
898:
895:
894:
893:
890:
889:
887:
884:
883:in Thailand.
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
849:
847:
843:
839:
830:
821:
819:
815:
811:
806:
804:
800:
796:
792:
791:Austroasiatic
786:
776:
774:
770:
766:
762:
761:Brahmi script
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
721:
719:
718:topic-comment
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
647:
645:
641:
637:
633:
632:Central Khmer
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
550:
545:
540:
530:
529:
520:
496:
488:
484:
480:
476:
474:
446:
441:
437:
433:
431:
427:
422:
415:
411:
409:
408:
403:
400:
397: –
395:
388:
382:
379:
374:
371:Central Khmer
368:
363:
360:
355:
352:Central Khmer
349:
344:
341:
336:
331:
328:
325:
323:
319:
312:
301:
299:
288:
287:
284:
276:
273:
262:
256:
251:
245:
244:Khmer Braille
242:
240:
237:
236:
234:
230:
224:
216:
213:
212:
211:
208:
207:
206:
205:Proto-Khmeric
202:
196:
190:
187:
186:
185:
184:Austroasiatic
181:
177:
171:
167:
162:
159:
155:
152:
149:
145:
138:
134:
130:
127:
124:
120:
116:
113:
111:
108:
107:
105:
101:
97:
91:
87:
85:Pronunciation
83:
77:
71:
66:
62:
61:Khémôrôphéasa
56:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
14412:
14392:
14387:Proto-Aslian
14385:
14378:
14371:
14364:
14308:
14221:
14215:unclassified
14138:
13235:Phong-Kniang
12340:Sino-Tibetan
12259:Austronesian
12158:
12150:
11814:Northern Pwo
11744:Sino-Tibetan
11660:Austronesian
11588:
11512:Northwestern
11205:
11156:
11134:
11068:
11054:
11040:
11030:
11016:
11002:
10988:
10970:
10956:
10939:
10925:
10897:
10890:
10870:. Retrieved
10866:the original
10856:
10845:. Retrieved
10841:the original
10811:
10807:
10801:
10789:. Retrieved
10777:
10768:
10764:
10756:
10747:
10719:
10715:
10709:
10690:
10675:
10649:. Retrieved
10642:the original
10637:
10633:
10620:
10601:
10570:
10549:. Retrieved
10534:
10452:
10447:
10435:. Retrieved
10423:
10419:
10386:
10357:. Retrieved
10336:
10324:. Retrieved
10317:the original
10312:
10308:
10295:
10276:
10208:. Retrieved
10201:the original
10165:. Retrieved
10153:
10149:
10136:
10123:
10112:. Retrieved
10091:
10083:
10079:
10073:. Routledge.
10070:
10064:
10055:
10030:. Retrieved
10018:
10014:
9977:
9947:
9899:
9878:. Retrieved
9866:
9853:
9840:
9827:
9808:
9787:
9781:(1): 98–106.
9778:
9774:
9768:
9756:. Retrieved
9744:
9731:
9707:
9676:
9672:
9662:
9654:
9634:. Retrieved
9614:
9610:
9597:
9578:
9572:
9560:. Retrieved
9553:the original
9548:
9538:
9525:
9517:
9504:
9496:
9481:
9476:
9468:
9463:
9435:. Retrieved
9430:
9426:
9416:
9400:
9369:
9351:
9346:
9334:. Retrieved
9330:
9321:
9304:
9286:
9184:
9156:
9072:
9048:
9034:Khmer script
9001:preăh kârŭna
8983:khnhŭm mchăs
8925:(to female)
8887:(to female)
8747:yeung khnhŭm
8593:/tɔtuəltiən/
8573:
8548:
8461:
7780:
7764:
7734:
7725:
7721:
7718:
7715:
7711:
7708:
7703:
7700:
7695:
7692:
7685:
7682:
7677:
7674:
7669:
7666:
7658:
7655:
7652:
7648:
7645:
7640:
7637:
7632:
7629:
7624:
7621:
7616:
7613:
7598:
7580:("and") and
7559:
7550:
7547:
7544:
7540:
7532:
7524:
7516:
7508:
7500:
7488:
7479:
7476:
7473:
7469:
7461:
7453:
7445:
7435:
7423:
7419:
7416:
7413:
7409:
7401:
7391:
7383:
7375:
7367:
7358:
7355:
7352:
7346:
7338:
7330:
7322:
7313:
7310:
7307:
7303:
7295:
7287:
7259:
7250:
7247:
7244:
7238:
7228:
7220:
7212:
7202:
7182:
7178:
7175:
7172:
7166:
7158:
7150:
7142:
7134:
7126:
7117:
7114:
7111:
7105:
7095:
7087:
7079:
7071:
7061:
7042:
7038:
7035:
7032:
7028:
7026:saːlaː riən/
7020:
7010:
7002:
6994:
6982:
6978:
6975:
6972:
6968:
6960:
6952:
6943:
6940:
6937:
6933:
6925:
6917:
6906:
6897:
6893:
6890:
6887:
6883:
6880:
6873:
6870:
6865:
6862:
6854:
6851:
6848:
6842:
6839:
6834:
6831:
6824:
6821:
6816:
6813:
6806:'I believe.'
6805:
6802:
6799:
6795:
6792:
6787:
6784:
6743:
6739:
6736:
6733:
6729:
6721:
6713:
6704:
6701:
6698:
6694:
6686:
6678:
6670:
6661:
6658:
6655:
6651:
6643:
6635:
6627:
6619:
6609:
6601:
6593:
6573:
6569:
6566:
6563:
6559:
6551:
6543:
6535:
6527:
6514:
6505:
6502:
6499:
6495:
6481:
6473:
6465:
6452:
6448:
6445:
6442:
6439:
6436:
6430:
6427:
6414:
6411:
6398:
6395:
6382:
6379:
6366:
6363:
6350:
6347:
6334:
6331:
6319:
6316:
6313:
6310:
6307:
6301:
6298:
6285:
6282:
6269:
6266:
6253:
6250:
6237:
6234:
6222:
6219:
6216:
6213:
6210:
6204:
6201:
6188:
6185:
6172:
6169:
6156:
6153:
6140:
6137:
6125:
6122:
6119:
6116:
6113:
6107:
6104:
6091:
6088:
6075:
6072:
6059:
6056:
6043:
6040:
6027:
6024:
6013:
6006:
5982:
5945:
5936:
5933:
5930:
5924:
5914:
5906:
5898:
5890:
5881:
5878:
5875:
5871:
5863:
5855:
5847:
5839:
5827:
5823:
5820:
5817:
5813:
5805:
5797:
5787:
5779:
5771:
5763:
5751:
5747:
5744:
5741:
5737:
5729:
5721:
5713:
5705:
5697:
5689:
5677:
5673:
5670:
5667:
5664:
5660:
5657:
5649:
5646:
5636:
5633:
5623:
5620:
5610:
5607:
5597:
5594:
5578:When both a
5577:
5573:
5570:
5567:
5564:
5560:
5557:
5549:
5546:
5536:
5533:
5523:
5520:
5510:
5507:
5499:
5486:verb phrases
5482:noun phrases
5479:
5452:
5438:
5434:
5430:
5428:
5423:
5421:
5416:
5415:
5410:
5409:
5402:
5399:
5394:
5391:
5376:
5372:
5370:
5365:
5363:
5358:
5357:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5343:
5336:
5333:
5328:
5325:
5310:
5306:
5304:
5299:
5297:
5292:
5291:
5286:
5285:
5280:
5277:
5257:
5254:
5245:
5241:
5238:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5223:
5220:
5212:
5209:
5206:
5202:
5199:
5192:
5189:
5184:
5181:
5176:
5173:
5159:
5150:
5146:
5143:
5140:
5136:
5133:
5128:
5125:
5120:
5117:
5109:
5106:
5103:
5099:
5096:
5091:
5088:
5083:
5080:
5062:
5055:
5023:
5009:
5005:
5002:
4999:
4995:
4992:
4987:
4984:
4977:
4974:
4969:
4966:
4958:
4955:
4952:
4948:
4945:
4940:
4937:
4930:
4927:
4922:
4919:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4901:
4898:
4891:
4888:
4883:
4880:
4868:intensifiers
4847:superlatives
4830:Comparatives
4824:
4805:
4791:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4778:
4776:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4759:
4757:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4740:
4738:
4722:
4704:
4695:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4682:
4680:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4663:
4661:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4644:
4642:
4632:() is used:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4599:
4597:
4581:
4572:
4569:'large dogs'
4568:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4557:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4540:
4538:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4521:
4519:
4476:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4458:
4456:
4451:
4448:
4443:
4441:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4426:
4424:
4419:
4416:
4411:
4409:
4404:
4401:
4398:
4395:
4391:
4389:
4384:
4381:
4376:
4374:
4369:
4366:
4362:to transport
4361:
4359:
4354:
4351:
4348:
4344:
4342:
4337:
4334:
4329:
4327:
4322:
4319:
4314:
4312:
4307:
4292:
4276:"to believe"
4126:Affixed Word
4092:by means of
4076:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3935:
3932:
3929:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3909:
3906:
3903:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3844:
3841:
3838:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3744:
3736:head-initial
3730:
3726:prepositions
3698:Middle Khmer
3687:
3663:
3646:
3633:
3607:
3587:
3583:Khmer script
3552:
3532:
3523:
3500:
3494:
3484:
3474:
3459:
3432:
3413:
2535:
2526:
2313:
2261:mid opening
2209:mid closing
1854:
1826:
1807:
1800:
1764:
1414:
1377:Middle Khmer
1271:
1253:
1245:Keng Vannsak
1238:
1216:
1199:Middle Khmer
1153:
1138:
1134:Khmer Empire
1127:
1116:Middle Khmer
1073:
1072:
1068:Mekong Delta
1063:
1057:
1056:
1033:
1029:uvular trill
1007:
1006:
987:
986:
971:
945:
944:
935:
931:
930:
892:Middle Khmer
885:
850:
835:
807:
788:
753:Khmer script
743:. Words are
722:
690:conjugations
675:
671:Middle Khmer
651:Khmer Empire
648:
631:
629:
598:
590:Mekong Delta
558:Khmer people
494:
493:
487:Khmer script
472:
470:
430:Linguasphere
405:
239:Khmer script
215:Middle Khmer
188:
133:Mekong Delta
76:Phéasa Khmêr
55:Phéasa Khmêr
25:
14394:Proto-Munda
13544:Muak Sa-aak
13015: [
12901:West Katuic
12385:Mantsi Lolo
11829:S'gaw Karen
11757:Eastern Pwo
11711:Urak Lawoi’
11693:Satun Malay
11465:Chiang Saen
11436:Other Thais
10598:David Smyth
9354:, Edinburgh
8977:tul bângkŭm
8963:ខ្ញុំម្ចាស់
8933:(to male),
8919:(to male),
7151:instruction
7044:Imperatives
6800:/kʰɲom cɨə/
6772:/ʔɑt/~/ʔət/
6582:. The verb
6511:Verb phrase
6493:lʋɨŋ lʋəːj/
5951:Noun Phrase
5942:Noun phrase
5756:were used:
4779:appropriate
4760:to lie down
4728:healthy").
4692:"my friend"
4689:friend of I
4673:"my friend"
4654:"my friend"
4531:"many dogs"
4507:postnominal
4294:Compounding
4233:"to teach"
4187:reciprocity
4106:lexicalized
3754:John Haiman
3714:zero copula
3549:Tonogenesis
3424:/ʔ/,/m/,/l/
3420:/ʔ/,/b/,/d/
2550:/sth/,/lkh/
2546:/str/,/skr/
1728:Approximant
1575:ក, គ, ខ, ឃ
1543:ថ, ឋ, ឍ, ធ
1226:colonialism
1173:Proto-Khmer
957:Kingdom of
953:Khmer Surin
710:Classifiers
686:inflections
453: Khmer
199:Early forms
14440:Categories
14196:Semaq Beri
14184:(Southern)
14063:(Northern)
13949:Nicobarese
13894:Gutob-Remo
13863:Sora-Gorum
13727:Kherwarian
13125:Phong–Liha
13007:Vietnamese
13000:Viet-Muong
12842:Mel-Khaonh
12302:Hmong-Mien
12001:Indigenous
11992:Vietnamese
11721:Hmong-Mien
11650:Vietnamese
11444:Lao–Phutai
11293:Vietnamese
11215:Indigenous
11119:Chuon Nath
11090:Kheng.info
10872:2012-02-20
10847:2007-02-13
10791:6 February
10651:6 February
10437:24 January
10359:2008-12-04
10326:24 January
10210:2012-02-21
10167:27 January
10114:2008-12-04
10032:6 February
9880:20 January
9758:6 February
9679:(6): 7–28.
9636:6 February
9562:6 February
9527:Ethnologue
9506:Ethnologue
9306:Ethnologue
9288:Ethnologue
8908:(to male)
8905:nhoŭm brŏs
8899:nhoŭm srei
8894:(to male)
8841:preăh ângk
8753:khnhŭm bat
8618:he/she/it
8504:(10,000),
8448:/muəjrɔːj/
8359:/pramɓuən/
8175:/prammuəj/
7816:Word form
7795:Word form
7525:to undergo
7331:understand
6884:to believe
6835:to believe
6796:to believe
6620:to express
5985:Honorifics
5971:Classifier
5422:/proh nuh
5271:Adjective:
5137:cigarettes
5107:I eat rice
5058:open class
4807:Adjectives
4550:"two dogs"
4262:infixed ,
4257:"to kill"
4255:"to clean"
4090:derivation
4086:morphology
4083:productive
4073:Morphology
3995:sokʰapʰiəp
3694:inflection
3609:Intonation
3604:Intonation
3575:*kaa,*ke̤a
3571:*kaa,*ɡe̤a
3547:See also:
3416:epenthesis
2268:អ៊ុំ, អ៊ំ
2179:centering
2155:centering
2126:Diphthongs
1845:loan words
1803:implosives
1771:aspiration
1423:Consonants
1320:Literature
1241:Chuon Nath
1141:morphology
1129:Linguistic
1059:Khmer Krom
1040:Vietnamese
877:Khmer Krom
861:Battambang
857:Phnom Penh
799:Vietnamese
737:Vietnamese
673:language.
636:Phnom Penh
611:, through
584:, also in
14423:varieties
14415:indicate
14324:Khmer Khe
14127:(Central)
14075:Cheq Wong
13610:Quang Lam
13597:Bit-Khang
13582:Meung Yum
13463:Palaungic
13208:Phay-Pram
12448:Tai Daeng
12357:Cantonese
12240:Quảng Lâm
12003:languages
11819:Phrae Pwo
11792:Hainanese
11772:Cantonese
11496:Sukhothai
11487:Thai Song
11408:Languages
11329:Tai Phuan
11225:Mon–Khmer
11217:languages
11037:Smyth, D.
10985:Smyth, D.
9869:: 45–46.
9556:(lecture)
9433:: 149–163
9247:Hem Chieu
8994:ព្រះករុណា
8986:(female)
8966:(female)
8957:ទូលបង្គុំ
8576:registers
8490:(1,000),
8328:/paetsəp/
8299:/pramɓəj/
8239:/prampɨl/
8235:/prampiː/
8024:/saːmsəp/
7964:/məˈpʰɨj/
7767:biquinary
7749:/daəmbəj/
7509:yesterday
7454:to invite
7256:Questions
6934:yesterday
6038:skəm.skaj
6035:ស្កឹមស្កៃ
5955:Honorific
5344:tʰʋəː kaː
5258:adjective
5224:to invite
4860:/ciəŋkeː/
4856:/ciəŋkeː/
4287:"belief"
4272:"to walk"
4241:causation
4220:"to walk"
4211:causation
4195:"similar"
4193:"to bite"
4184:prefixed
4171:"to hide"
4158:prefixed
4137:causation
4134:prefixed
3567:*kaa,*ɡaa
3555:phonation
3513:morphemes
3509:compounds
2317:semivowel
2282:អិះ, អែះ
2275:អេះ, អែះ
2186:អៀ, អ៊ា់
2128:of Khmer
1978:Close-mid
1631:Fricative
1527:ផ, ភ, ព
1510:voiceless
1372:Old Khmer
1351:Khmer Khe
1295:Phonology
1259:Phonology
1249:Ieu Koeus
1219:influence
1145:phonology
1112:Old Khmer
1096:Siem Pang
1075:Khmer Khe
967:Ayutthaya
873:continuum
706:modifiers
698:particles
640:Khmer Khe
617:Old Khmer
615:, due to
609:registers
586:Southeast
407:Glottolog
378:ISO 639-3
359:ISO 639-2
340:ISO 639-1
210:Old Khmer
147:Ethnicity
137:Southeast
43:ភាសាខ្មែរ
36:Cambodian
14270:Nyah Kur
14191:Mah Meri
14182:Semelaic
14009:Southern
13990:Nancowry
13795:Santalic
13734:Mundaric
13428:Lyngngam
13352:Southern
13336:Northern
13225:Ksingmul
13024:in China
12922:Ta'oihic
12637:Bahnaric
12554:Japanese
12443:Tày Sapa
12073:Maa (Mạ)
12020:Bahnaric
11906:Japanese
11630:Nyah Kur
11595:Northern
11543:Minority
11456:Phu Thai
11412:Thailand
11039:(1995).
10987:(1993).
10915:Archived
10782:Archived
10698:Archived
10600:(1995).
10551:1 August
10428:Archived
10350:Archived
10158:Archived
10105:Archived
10023:Archived
9925:Archived
9871:Archived
9749:Archived
9712:Archived
9627:Archived
9405:Archived
9336:12 April
9252:Kambojan
9211:See also
9142:Examples
8980:(male),
8960:(male),
8891:ញោមប្រុស
8874:ach kdei
8834:ព្រះអង្គ
8740:ខ្ញុំបាទ
8734:យើងខ្ញុំ
8676:neutral
8388:/kawsəp/
8365:brămbuŏn
8353:ប្រាំបួន
8268:/cətsəp/
8229:ប្រាំពីរ
8204:/hoksəp/
8181:brămmuŏy
8169:ប្រាំមូយ
8144:/haːsəp/
8084:/saesəp/
7755:Numerals
7745:/hakbəj/
7678:hospital
7625:hospital
7596:("or").
7572:and the
7278:inverted
7052:jussives
6995:tomorrow
6931:msəlmɨɲ/
6745:Negation
6594:language
6329:/puəʔmaʔ
6232:/puəʔmaʔ
5907:to steal
5811:cɑmnuən/
5655:cɑmnuən/
5555:cɑmnuən/
5463:negation
5459:analytic
5431:handsome
5429:boy DEM
5417:handsome
5307:handsome
5293:handsome
5043:/kəmpuŋ/
4849:is with
4815:numerals
4706:Pronouns
4651:friend I
4528:dog many
4491:articles
4377:to bring
4283:"a trip"
4249:"to die"
4238:infixed
4145:"origin"
4129:Meaning
4117:Function
4094:prefixes
3692:with no
3613:semantic
3536:សំបុកចាប
3490:phonemic
2538:syllable
2536:A Khmer
2308:អោះ, អះ
2301:អំ, អាំ
2039:Open-mid
2033:អូ, អ៊ោ
1997:អេ, អ៊ែ
1775:phonemes
1438:Alveolar
1336:Overview
1328:Dialects
1315:Numerals
1310:Keyboard
1305:Alphabet
1185:600–800
1171:Pre- or
963:Naresuan
959:Lan Xang
950:(called
853:dialects
848:(2006).
846:Thailand
838:Cambodia
814:Bahnaric
769:clusters
745:stressed
678:analytic
601:Sanskrit
582:Thailand
570:Cambodia
552:) is an
436:46-FBA-a
421:cent1989
414:khme1253
298:Thailand
272:Cambodia
157:speakers
115:Thailand
110:Cambodia
49:ខេមរភាសា
14413:Italics
14280:Pakanic
14223:Kenaboi
14201:Semelai
14172:Jah Hut
14165:Jah Hut
14110:Ten'edn
14026:Shompen
14000:Katchal
13995:Camorta
13982:Central
13972:Teressa
13802:Santali
13786:Agariya
13776:Majhwar
13766:Mundari
13666:Tai Loi
13534:Man Met
13516:Angkuic
13494:Palaung
13433:Maharam
13320:Western
13294:Central
13287:(Chong)
13116:Thavưng
12801:Tampuan
12796:Tariang
12780:Central
12756:Nyaheun
12534:Russian
12513:English
12488:Lao Bóc
12483:Thu Lao
12478:Tày Tac
12458:Tai Dón
12453:Tai Dam
12395:Kra-Dai
12369:Hokkien
12361:Teochew
12353:Chinese
12320:Kim Mun
12315:Iu Mien
12103:Tariang
11901:English
11878:Russian
11873:Punjabi
11863:Burmese
11797:Hokchew
11787:Hokkien
11777:Teochew
11767:Sinitic
11734:Iu Mien
11645:Thavung
11640:Ten'edn
11635:Palaung
11602:Western
11529:Tai Nüa
11359:English
11288:Tampuan
10814:: 144.
10426:: 193.
9437:19 June
9135:'duck'
9051:abugida
8936:ŭbasĕka
8922:ឧបាសិកា
8884:ញោមស្រី
8861:អាចក្តី
8729:Formal
8476:(100),
8454:muŏyrôy
8322:ប៉ែតសិប
8305:brămbei
8293:ប្រាំបី
8274:chĕtsĕb
8245:brămpir
7960:/mpʰɨj/
7741:/prŭəh/
7712:to push
7649:to push
7590:/pʰɑːŋ/
7562:clauses
7541:to bite
7506:msəlmɨɲ
7451:ʔɑɲcəːɲ
6636:thought
6617:sɑmdaeŋ
6591:/piəsaː
6560:to play
6552:to walk
6536:to want
6326:ពួកម៉ាក
6229:ពួកម៉ាក
6186:bunches
6009:/rɔbɑh/
6002:/aenuh/
5990:/preah/
5967:Numeral
5891:science
5888:/ʋɪʔciə
5719:cɑmnuən
5424:sɑŋ.haː
5411:sɑŋ.haː
5347:to work
5319:Adverb:
5300:sɑŋ.haː
5287:sɑŋ.haː
5229:ʔɑŋkuj/
5221:/ʔaɲcəɲ
5134:ɓaːrəj/
4858:: "A X
4841:: "A X
4741:to live
4718:dropped
4591:Chinese
4547:dog two
4502:ឆ្កែមួយ
4392:to lead
4345:parents
4123:Meaning
4098:infixes
3985:history
3982:prɑʋɔət
3959:provide
3907:examine
3868:receive
3855:have to
3790:provide
3722:dropped
3678:Grammar
3594:elision
3569:became
3466:reduced
3435:nucleus
2542:cluster
2440:ʔɜw,ʔɨw
2141:Central
2015:អ៊, អឺ
1881:Central
1783:infixes
1703:lateral
1505:Plosive
1453:Glottal
1443:Palatal
1419:(IPA).
1300:Grammar
1287:Aspects
1149:lexicon
1025:flapped
1021:trilled
1012:elision
842:Vietnam
757:abugida
725:Burmese
714:Chinese
594:Vietnam
383:Either:
311:Vietnam
129:Vietnam
14302:Others
14246:Others
14156:Temiar
14151:Semnam
14125:Senoic
14105:Mintil
14100:Minriq
14095:Kintaq
14090:Kensiu
14061:Jahaic
14049:Aslian
13967:Chaura
13838:Kharia
13831:Kharia
13756:Birhor
13751:Birjia
13654:Others
13620:Bumang
13587:Savaiq
13403:Khasic
13364:Sa'och
13311:Kasong
13258:Pearic
13199:Mlabri
13192:Mlabri
13165:Khmuic
13106:Maleng
12989:Vietic
12966:Phuong
12890:Katuic
12832:Ra’ong
12827:Stieng
12761:Sapuan
12700:Rengao
12695:Bahnar
12690:Sedang
12685:Todrah
12665:Kayong
12660:Halang
12549:Korean
12544:German
12508:French
12468:Tai Lü
12433:Qabiao
12403:Caolan
12330:Ná-Meo
12325:Mo Piu
12292:Roglai
12209:Maleng
12169:Vietic
12118:Katuic
12108:Todrah
12093:Stieng
12088:Sedang
12083:Rengao
12063:Kayong
12043:Halang
11911:Korean
11706:Moklen
11620:Mlabri
11610:Kintaq
11584:Kensiu
11477:Tai Lü
11354:French
11278:Stieng
11273:Somray
11268:Sa’och
11075:
11061:
11047:
11023:
11009:
10995:
10977:
10963:
10946:
10932:
10904:
10808:Lingua
10767:&
10726:
10682:
10608:
10577:
10542:
10393:
10283:
9986:
9954:
9815:
9723:
9585:
9488:
9377:
9179:UNGEGN
9167:Khmer
9044:Berlin
8930:ŭbasâk
8855:អាត្មា
8688:khnhŭm
8601:/saoj/
8597:/cʰan/
8589:/pisa/
8544:/kaot/
8530:/liən/
8516:/saen/
8502:/məːn/
8488:/pŏən/
8474:/rɔːj/
8394:kausĕb
8334:pêtsĕb
8262:ចិតសិប
8210:hŏksĕb
8198:ហុកសិប
8115:/pram/
8055:/ɓuən/
8030:samsĕb
8018:សាមសិប
7890:/muəj/
7849:/soːn/
7825:UNGEGN
7808:Value
7804:UNGEGN
7787:Value
7737:/dael/
7726:
7601:/dael/
7582:/haəj/
7568:, the
7491:/trəw/
7384:market
7240:COHORT
7148:bɑndam
7143:follow
7127:please
7085:kʰluən
7029:school
6992:/sʔaek
6909:/haəj/
6898:
6863:/kʰɲom
6814:/kʰɲom
6785:/kʰɲom
6695:temple
6679:copula
6633:kumnɨt
6602:copula
6584:/miən/
6557:leːng/
6525:/kʰɲom
6487:MARKER
6412:person
6332:friend
6283:person
6235:friend
6138:banana
6086:kʰnɑːŋ
6022:/ptĕəh
5856:to sit
5798:banana
5761:/kʰɲom
5735:cruːk/
5730:toward
5706:banana
5687:/kʰɲom
5661:
5650:
5621:banana
5592:/kʰɲom
5561:
5550:
5534:banana
5505:/kʰɲom
5490:object
5467:aspect
5454:Syntax
5449:Syntax
5439:
5298:/proh
5246:
5232:to sit
5203:market
5200:pʰsaː/
5174:/kʰɲom
5151:
5118:/kʰɲom
5081:/kʰɲom
5030:aspect
5010:
4988:pretty
4949:pretty
4946:sʔaːt/
4941:pretty
4902:pretty
4899:sʔaːt/
4843:/ciəŋ/
4839:/ciəŋ/
4820:copula
4792:
4750:'life'
4696:
4573:
4477:Khmer
4452:
4420:
4385:
4370:
4338:
4330:mother
4323:
4315:father
4024:before
3998:health
3972:
3894:
3881:
3865:tɔtuəl
3486:Stress
3481:Stress
3471:មនុស្ស
3439:vowels
2152:Short
1908:short
1902:short
1851:Vowels
1755:យ៉, យ
1744:វ៉, វ
1690:រ៉, រ
1677:rhotic
1671:Liquid
1665:ហ, ហ៊
1643:ស, ស៊
1606:ប, ប៊
1590:voiced
1584:អ, អ៊
1497:ង, ង៉
1488:ញ, ញ៉
1470:ម, ម៉
1433:Labial
1359:Stages
1234:French
1223:French
1088:Sekong
1084:Srepok
1080:Se San
867:, the
851:Khmer
735:, and
704:, and
653:. The
625:Angkor
621:Chenla
539:UNGEGN
451:
308:
295:
269:
14309:Khmer
14288:Bolyu
14257:Monic
14206:Temoq
14146:Semai
14140:Sabüm
14134:Lanoh
14115:Wila'
14085:Jedek
14080:Jahai
14070:Batek
13906:Gutob
13901:Bonda
13885:Lodhi
13880:Juray
13870:Gorum
13854:Juang
13847:Juang
13824:South
13741:Korwa
13718:Korku
13711:Korku
13704:North
13693:Munda
13641:Kiorr
13636:Lamet
13629:Lamet
13615:Kháng
13567:Blang
13499:Riang
13478:Danau
13471:Danau
13418:Khasi
13306:Samre
13132:Phong
13041:Nguồn
13036:Mường
13029:in US
13019:]
12945:Pacoh
12938:Pacoh
12929:Ta'Oi
12847:Thmon
12837:Mnong
12817:Chrau
12810:South
12741:Laven
12715:Katua
12680:Monom
12675:Takua
12670:Kaco’
12648:North
12539:Czech
12418:Lachi
12413:Gelao
12380:Xapho
12365:Hakka
12310:Hmong
12282:Jarai
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12228:Other
12219:Nguồn
12214:Mường
12159:Khmer
12151:Khmer
12141:Ta'Oi
12136:Pacoh
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11589:Khmer
11579:Jahai
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11136:Khmer
10785:(PDF)
10774:(PDF)
10765:phɔɔŋ
10645:(PDF)
10630:(PDF)
10431:(PDF)
10416:(PDF)
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10320:(PDF)
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10197:(PDF)
10161:(PDF)
10146:(PDF)
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10026:(PDF)
10021:(1).
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9630:(PDF)
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4852:ជាងគេ
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1479:ន, ណ
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12860:East
12822:Koho
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12710:Duan
12438:Padi
12428:Nùng
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11073:ISBN
11059:ISBN
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11021:ISBN
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10993:ISBN
10975:ISBN
10961:ISBN
10944:ISBN
10930:ISBN
10902:ISBN
10793:2016
10724:ISBN
10680:ISBN
10653:2016
10606:ISBN
10575:ISBN
10553:2024
10540:ISBN
10439:2016
10424:1991
10391:ISBN
10328:2016
10281:ISBN
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9984:ISBN
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9882:2016
9813:ISBN
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6358:របស់
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6019:ផ្ទះ
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3937:NOUN
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3898:NMLZ
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3820:PTCL
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2162:អ៊ា
2146:Back
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2006:អ៊់
1972:អ៊ូ
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1936:អ៊ី
1927:អ៊ិ
1898:long
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6342:តូច
6303:DEM
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6287:CLF
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5965:) (
5953:= (
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5538:OBJ
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14442::
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12408:En
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12359:·
10828:^
10812:15
10810:.
10776:.
10738:^
10661:^
10636:.
10632:.
10589:^
10561:^
10460:^
10422:.
10418:.
10401:^
10368:^
10311:.
10307:.
10219:^
10177:^
10154:42
10152:.
10148:.
10103:.
10042:^
10017:.
10013:.
9998:^
9966:^
9936:^
9923:.
9908:^
9890:^
9865:.
9799:^
9777:.
9743:.
9685:^
9675:.
9671:.
9646:^
9625:.
9615:31
9613:.
9609:.
9547:.
9447:^
9429:.
9425:.
9389:^
9359:^
9329:.
9275:^
9204:.
9161:.
9128:ទា
9125:=
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9097:=
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8871:,
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7831:0
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4822:.
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