34:
228:(PLO) to represent the Palestinians and to join Egypt, Israel, the United States, and other established nations in the Geneva Conference. Syrian officials went one step further and insisted that if the PLO was not present at the Geneva Conference, Syria would not be present either. Israel and the United States opposed formal recognition of the PLO at the Geneva Conference because the PLO Charter did not recognize
240:
The Geneva
Conference was the last time that the US accepted the Soviet Union as a co-equal partner in Middle East peace efforts. Later, the marked shift in the allegiance of Egypt – a decades-long Soviet ally which abruptly moved into the American orbit – enabled the US to shut out the Soviets and
162:
as co-chairmen. The foreign ministers of Egypt, Jordan and Israel were in attendance. The table with Syria's nameplate remained unoccupied, although Syria had indicated possible future participation. Each foreign minister spoke, mainly directed to their domestic audiences rather than to each other.
223:
The
Egyptians, Americans, Jordanians, and the Soviets hoped that, through the conference, some sort of international agreement on the Palestinian problem and on which specific persons would represent Palestinians in international affairs would be developed. Egypt was in favor of the
163:
Kissinger articulated his step-by-step strategy and stated that the goal of the conference was peace; the immediate need was to strengthen the cease-fire by accomplishing a disengagement of forces as the "essential first step" toward implementation of
181:
between Israel and Egypt was formally signed in Geneva on 4 September 1975, as part of the Geneva
Conference process. This agreement stated that the conflicts between Egypt and Israel "shall not be resolved by military force but by peaceful means."
198:
and from radical regimes in the region. Egypt discouraged the participation of those nations in the Geneva
Conference. The Egyptians' primary goal was to win back the territory they lost in 1967 to Israel in the
241:
assert a role as the sole mediator between
Israelis and Arabs, manifested first in Israeli–Egyptian relations and later also in Israeli–Palestinian relations.
174:, a military disengagement between Israel and Egypt was signed on 18 January 1974, and a disengagement between Israel and Syria was signed on 31 May.
361:
351:
366:
98:
51:
250:
70:
77:
255:
371:
84:
356:
139:
20:
225:
171:
117:
155:
66:
55:
229:
135:
91:
260:
178:
44:
8:
212:
204:
170:
Although no agreement was reached at Geneva, the effort was not in vain. Following the
283:
147:
195:
151:
208:
143:
345:
232:. Thus, no representatives from Syria were present at the conference either.
328:
200:
191:
177:
Although attempts in later years to revive the
Conference failed, the
154:, the conference opened on 21 December 1973 under the auspices of the
194:
as president (15 October 1970), Egypt was disassociating itself from
33:
164:
336:
Egypt's
Struggle for Peace: Continuity and Change, 1967–1977
159:
325:
The
Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East
211:
just prior to the conference and the goal during the
218:
58:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
343:
317:
142:following the called-for cease-fire to end the
323:Eran, Oded (2002). "Arab–Israel Peacemaking"
140:United Nations Security Council Resolution 338
134:was an attempt to negotiate a solution to the
298:
296:
118:Learn how and when to remove this message
344:
293:
235:
352:Diplomatic conferences in Switzerland
362:Soviet Union–United States relations
251:History of the Arab–Israeli conflict
56:adding citations to reliable sources
27:
13:
367:Switzerland and the United Nations
167:. The meeting was then adjourned.
14:
383:
256:Israeli–Palestinian peace process
226:Palestine Liberation Organization
207:. This was their goal during the
158:, with the United States and the
219:Palestinian representation issue
190:By the time of the accession of
185:
156:United Nations Secretary General
32:
43:needs additional citations for
305:
277:
19:For other similar events, see
1:
266:
67:"Geneva Conference" 1973
16:Arab–Israeli peace conference
318:General and cited references
271:
7:
244:
10:
388:
372:United Nations conferences
331:, ed. New York: Continuum.
18:
357:Middle East peace efforts
132:Geneva Conference of 1973
261:Sinai Interim Agreement
230:Israel's right to exist
179:Sinai Interim Agreement
146:. After considerable "
136:Arab–Israeli conflict
52:improve this article
236:US–Soviet relations
290:, 2005, p. 140–141
213:Camp David Accords
205:Gamal Abdel Nasser
150:" negotiations by
284:William B. Quandt
148:shuttle diplomacy
138:as envisioned in
128:
127:
120:
102:
21:Geneva Conference
379:
312:
309:
303:
300:
291:
281:
203:under president
196:Arab nationalism
172:Israeli election
123:
116:
112:
109:
103:
101:
60:
36:
28:
387:
386:
382:
381:
380:
378:
377:
376:
342:
341:
334:Meital, Yoram.
320:
315:
311:Meital, 145–146
310:
306:
301:
294:
282:
278:
274:
269:
247:
238:
221:
188:
152:Henry Kissinger
124:
113:
107:
104:
61:
59:
49:
37:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
385:
375:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
340:
339:
332:
319:
316:
314:
313:
304:
292:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
264:
263:
258:
253:
246:
243:
237:
234:
220:
217:
209:Yom Kippur War
187:
184:
144:Yom Kippur War
126:
125:
40:
38:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
384:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
349:
347:
337:
333:
330:
326:
322:
321:
308:
299:
297:
289:
288:Peace Process
285:
280:
276:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
248:
242:
233:
231:
227:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
197:
193:
186:Egypt's goals
183:
180:
175:
173:
168:
166:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
122:
119:
111:
108:February 2011
100:
97:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69: –
68:
64:
63:Find sources:
57:
53:
47:
46:
41:This article
39:
35:
30:
29:
26:
22:
335:
329:Avraham Sela
324:
307:
287:
279:
239:
222:
189:
176:
169:
131:
129:
114:
105:
95:
88:
81:
74:
62:
50:Please help
45:verification
42:
25:
201:Six-Day War
192:Anwar Sadat
346:Categories
267:References
78:newspapers
302:Eran, 129
272:Citations
215:in 1978.
245:See also
92:scholar
165:UN 242
94:
87:
80:
73:
65:
99:JSTOR
85:books
160:USSR
130:The
71:news
54:by
348::
327:.
295:^
286:,
338:.
121:)
115:(
110:)
106:(
96:·
89:·
82:·
75:·
48:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
