Gamal Abdel Nasser

3592:. Amer reassured him that the army was prepared for confrontation, but Nasser doubted Amer's assessment of the military's readiness. According to Nasser's vice president Zakaria Mohieddin, although "Amer had absolute authority over the armed forces, Nasser had his ways of knowing what was really going on". Moreover, Amer anticipated an impending Israeli attack and advocated a preemptive strike. Nasser refused the call upon determination that the air force lacked pilots and Amer's handpicked officers were incompetent. Still, Nasser concluded that if Israel attacked, Egypt's quantitative advantage in manpower and arms could stave off Israeli forces for at least two weeks, allowing for diplomacy towards a ceasefire. Israel repeated declarations it had made in 1957 that any closure of the Straits would be considered an act of war, or justification for war, but Nasser closed the Straits to Israeli shipping on 22–23 May. Towards the end of May, Nasser increasingly exchanged his positions of deterrence for deference to the inevitability of war, under increased pressure to act by both the general Arab populace and various Arab governments. On 26 May Nasser declared, "our basic objective will be to destroy Israel". On 30 May, King Hussein committed Jordan in an 3773: 2974: 3697: 3797: 3555: 2120: 2323: 2165:) would be accepted by the Egyptian people, and so selected General Naguib to be his "boss" and lead the coup in name. The revolution they had long sought was launched on 22 July and was declared a success the next day. The Free Officers seized control of all government buildings, radio stations, and police stations, as well as army headquarters in Cairo. While many of the rebel officers were leading their units, Nasser donned civilian clothing to avoid detection by royalists and moved around Cairo monitoring the situation. In a move to stave off foreign intervention two days before the revolution, Nasser had notified the American and British governments of his intentions, and both had agreed not to aid Farouk. Under pressure from the Americans, Nasser had agreed to exile the deposed king with an honorary ceremony. 2265:

a mutiny immediately followed, demanding Naguib's reinstatement and the RCC's dissolution. While visiting the striking officers at Military Headquarters (GHQ) to call for the mutiny's end, Nasser was initially intimidated into accepting their demands. However, on 27 February, Nasser's supporters in the army launched a raid on the GHQ, ending the mutiny. Later that day, hundreds of thousands of protesters, mainly belonging to the Brotherhood, called for Naguib's return and Nasser's imprisonment. In response, a sizable group within the RCC, led by Khaled Mohieddin, demanded Naguib's release and return to the presidency. Nasser acquiesced, but delayed Naguib's reinstatement until 4 March, allowing him to promote Amer to Commander of the Armed Forces—a position formerly occupied by Naguib.

2822: 1861:, marched into the palace, and threatened the King with the bombardment of his palace, his removal as king, and his exile from Egypt unless he conceded to the British demands. Ultimately, the 22 year old King submitted, and appointed El-Nahas. Nasser saw the incident as a blatant violation of Egyptian sovereignty and wrote, "I am ashamed that our army has not reacted against this attack", and wished for "calamity" to overtake the British. Nasser was accepted into the General Staff College later that year. He began to form a group of young military officers with strong nationalist sentiments who supported some form of revolution. Nasser stayed in touch with the group's members primarily through Amer, who continued to seek out interested officers within the 3075: 1253: 1364: 4235:, who was Nasser's vice president, said that Nasser gradually changed during his reign. He ceased consulting his colleagues and made more and more of the decisions himself. Although Nasser repeatedly said that a war with Israel will start at a time of his, or Arab, choosing, in 1967 he started a bluffing game "but a successful bluff means your opponent must not know which cards you are holding. In this case Nasser's opponent could see his hand in the mirror and knew he was only holding a pair of deuces" and Nasser knew that his army is not prepared yet. "All of this was out of character...His tendencies in this regard may have been accentuated by diabetes... That was the only rational explanation for his actions in 1967". 15086: 14993: 4002: 1874: 15146: 5695: 2455: 4118: 3373: 2768:

organize popular resistance. Nasser and Boghdadi traveled to the canal zone to boost the morale of the armed volunteers. According to Boghdadi's memoirs, Nasser described the Egyptian Army as "shattered" as he saw the wreckage of Egyptian military equipment en route. When British and French forces landed in Port Said on 5–6 November, its local militia put up a stiff resistance, resulting in street-to-street fighting. The Egyptian Army commander in the city was preparing to request terms for a ceasefire, but Nasser ordered him to desist. The British-French forces managed to largely secure the city by 7 November. Between 750 and 1,000 Egyptians were killed in the battle for Port Said.

2009: 58: 3492: 2575: 3698: 3668: 3700: 2615: 1289: 3187:, in July 1961, Nasser decreed socialist measures that nationalized wide-ranging sectors of the Syrian economy. He also dismissed Sarraj in September to curb the growing political crisis. Aburish states that Nasser was not fully capable of addressing Syrian problems because they were "foreign to him". In Egypt, the economic situation was more positive, with a GNP growth of 4.5 percent and a rapid growth of industry. In 1960, Nasser nationalized the Egyptian press, which had already been cooperating with his government, in order to steer coverage towards the country's socioeconomic issues and galvanize public support for his socialist measures. 4100: 4173: 3855:, which called for an end to hostilities and an Israeli withdrawal from Egyptian territory, but it was rejected by Israel, the PLO, and most Arab states except Jordan. Nasser had initially rejected the plan, but conceded under pressure from the Soviet Union, which feared that escalating regional conflict could drag it into a war with the US. He also determined that a ceasefire could serve as a tactical step toward the strategic goal of recapturing the Suez Canal. Nasser forestalled any movement toward direct negotiations with Israel. In dozens of speeches and statements, Nasser posited the equation that any direct peace talks with 3701: 2218: 5827: 3689:

and ceded all presidential powers to his then-Vice President Zakaria Mohieddin, who had no prior information of this decision and refused to accept the post. It was in this resignation speech that the Six Day War was first called the "setback". The second sentence of his speech ran: "We cannot hide from ourselves the fact that we have met with a grave setback in the last few days" – the "naksa" or "setback" for Egypt being the destruction of its armed forces, the loss of the entire Sinai Peninsula and the Gaza region, and the national humiliation and disgrace of losing a war to the vastly smaller Israeli Army.

1241: 2206: 3583:

Israeli-American collusion to drag Egypt into war. The message had been originally received by Amer on 2 May, but was withheld from Nasser until the Sinai deployment on 14 May. Although in the preceding months, Hussein and Nasser had been accusing each other of avoiding a fight with Israel, Hussein was nonetheless wary that an Egyptian–Israeli war would risk the West Bank's occupation by Israel. Nasser still felt that the US would restrain Israel from attacking due to assurances that he received from the US and Soviet Union. In turn, he also reassured both powers that Egypt would only act defensively.

1691: 2269:

provoking the beneficiaries of the revolution, namely the workers, peasants, and petty bourgeois, to oppose the decrees, with one million transport workers launching a strike and thousands of peasants entering Cairo in protest in late March. Naguib sought to crack down on the protesters, but his requests were rebuffed by the heads of the security forces. On 29 March, Nasser announced the decrees' revocation in response to the "impulse of the street". Between April and June, hundreds of Naguib's supporters in the military were either arrested or dismissed, and Mohieddin was informally exiled to

1331: 3139: 1277: 14787: 1321: 3540:

Brotherhood chief ideologue Sayyed Qutb imprisoned. Qutb was charged and found guilty by the court of plotting to assassinate Nasser, and was executed in 1966. Beginning in 1966, as Egypt's economy slowed and government debt became increasingly burdensome, Nasser began to ease state control over the private sector, encouraging state-owned bank loans to private business and introducing incentives to increase exports. During the '60s, the Egyptian economy went from sluggishness to the verge of collapse, the society became less free, and Nasser's appeal waned considerably.

4220:. American political scientist Mark Cooper asserted that Nasser's charisma and his direct relationship with the Egyptian people "rendered intermediaries (organizations and individuals) unnecessary". He opined that Nasser's legacy was a "guarantee of instability" due to Nasser's reliance on personal power and the absence of strong political institutions under his rule. Historian Abd al-Azim Ramadan wrote that Nasser was an irrational and irresponsible leader, blaming his inclination to solitary decision-making for Egypt's losses during the Suez War, among other events. 3957: 1801: 3295: 15438: 15446: 1219: 3893: 3317:'s waters for economic purposes, which Syria and Jordan deemed an act of war. Nasser blamed Arab divisions for what he deemed "the disastrous situation". He discouraged Syria and Palestinian guerrillas from provoking the Israelis, conceding that he had no plans for war with Israel. During the summit, Nasser developed cordial relations with King Hussein, and ties were mended with the rulers of Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Morocco. In May, Nasser moved to formally share his leadership position over the Palestine issue by initiating the creation of the 2290: 3710:

to topple him on 27 August. Nasser was tipped off about their activities and, after several invitations, he convinced Amer to meet him at his home on 24 August. Nasser confronted Amer about the coup plot, which he denied before being arrested by Mohieddin. Amer committed suicide on 14 September. Despite his souring relationship with Amer, Nasser spoke of losing "the person closest to ". Thereafter, Nasser began a process of depoliticizing the armed forces, arresting dozens of leading military and intelligence figures loyal to Amer.

3600: 14920: 14948: 1679: 2192:, leading to a clash with the army that left nine people dead. While most of the RCC insisted on executing the riot's two ringleaders, Nasser opposed this. Nonetheless, the sentences were carried out. The Muslim Brotherhood supported the RCC, and after Naguib's assumption of power, demanded four ministerial portfolios in the new cabinet. Nasser turned down their demands and instead hoped to co-opt the Brotherhood by giving two of its members, who were willing to serve officially as independents, minor ministerial posts. 1265: 2229: 15430: 1301: 2606:, prohibited discrimination by sex, and entailed special protection for women in the workplace. Coinciding with the new constitution and Nasser's presidency, the RCC dissolved itself and its members resigned their military commissions as part of the transition to civilian rule. During the deliberations surrounding the establishment of a new government, Nasser began a process of sidelining his rivals among the original Free Officers, while elevating his closest allies to high-ranking positions in the cabinet. 920: 5890: 4197:

Nasser as oppressive, tyrannical, and demonic. Samer S. Shehata, who wrote an article on 'The Politics of Laughter: Nasser, Sadat, and Mubarek in Egyptian Political Jokes' noted that “with the new regime came the end of parliamentary politics and political freedoms, including the right to organize political parties, and freedoms of speech and the press”. Liberal writer Tawfiq al-Hakim described Nasser as a "confused Sultan" who employed stirring rhetoric, but had no actual plan to achieve his stated goals.

2859:—the press center of the Arab world—bought out Lebanese media outlets to further disseminate Nasser's ideals. Egypt also expanded its policy of secondment, dispatching thousands of high-skilled Egyptian professionals (usually politically active teachers) across the region. Nasser also enjoyed the support of Arab nationalist civilian and paramilitary organizations throughout the region. His followers were numerous and well-funded, but lacked any permanent structure and organization. They called themselves " 2930: 1311: 1230: 5995: 3748:

political reforms in late February 1968. Nasser responded to the demonstrations, the most significant public challenge to his rule since workers' protests in March 1954, by removing most military figures from his cabinet and appointing eight civilians in place of several high-ranking members of the Arab Socialist Union (ASU). By 3 March, Nasser directed Egypt's intelligence apparatus to focus on external rather than domestic espionage, and declared the "fall of the

2360: 15422: 2631: 17352: 5635: 1826:, or an influential intermediary to promote his application above the others, Nasser managed to secure a meeting with Under-Secretary of War Ibrahim Khairy Pasha, the person responsible for the academy's selection board, and requested his help. Khairy Pasha agreed and sponsored Nasser's second application, which was accepted in late 1937. Nasser focused on his military career from then on, and had little contact with his family. At the academy, he met 2751:, overwhelmed Egyptian army posts, and quickly advanced to their objectives. Two days later, British and French planes bombarded Egyptian airfields in the canal zone. Nasser ordered the military's high command to withdraw the Egyptian Army from Sinai to bolster the canal's defenses. Moreover, he feared that if the armored corps was dispatched to confront the Israeli invading force and the British and French subsequently landed in the canal city of 830: 15174: 2962:, the Syrian military's record of intervention in politics, and the deep factionalism among Syria's political forces. However, in January 1958, a second Syrian delegation managed to convince Nasser of an impending communist takeover and a consequent slide to civil strife. Nasser subsequently opted for union, albeit on the condition that it would be a total political merger with him as its president, to which the delegates and Syrian president 4264: 1356: 1371: 4052:, major modernization projects such as the Helwan steel works and the Aswan Dam, and nationalization schemes such as that of the Suez Canal. However, the marked economic growth of the early 1960s took a downturn for the remainder of the decade, only recovering in 1970. Egypt experienced a "golden age" of culture during Nasser's presidency, according to historian Joel Gordon, particularly in film, television, theater, radio, literature, 15285: 14764: 4113:

history since the fall of the Pharaonic state. There had been other projects ... But this was different—in origin, meaning and impact. For Nasser was a man of the Egyptian soil who had overthrown the Middle East's most established and sophisticated monarchy in a swift and bloodless move—to the acclaim of millions of poor, oppressed Egyptians—and ushered in a programme of 'social justice', 'progress and development', and 'dignity'.

20205: 2181:(RCC) with Naguib as chairman and Nasser as vice-chairman. Relations between the RCC and Maher grew tense, however, as the latter viewed many of Nasser's schemes—agrarian reform, abolition of the monarchy, reorganization of political parties—as too radical, culminating in Maher's resignation on 7 September. Naguib assumed the additional role of prime minister, and Nasser that of deputy prime minister. In September, the 15454: 2903:

hands. This effort achieved a measure of success, with increased agricultural production and investment in industrialization. Nasser initiated the Helwan steelworks, which subsequently became Egypt's largest enterprise, providing the country with product and tens of thousands of jobs. Nasser also decided to cooperate with the Soviet Union in the construction of the Aswan Dam to replace the withdrawal of US funds.

1342: 2060:" and advocated "little else but freedom and the restoration of their country's dignity". Nasser organized the Free Officers' founding committee, which eventually comprised fourteen men from different social and political backgrounds, including representation from Young Egypt, the Muslim Brotherhood, the Egyptian Communist Party, and the aristocracy. Nasser was unanimously elected chairman of the organization. 3475:. In late 1961, Nasser established the Presidential Council and decreed it the authority to approve all senior military appointments, instead of leaving this responsibility solely to Amer. Moreover, he instructed that the primary criterion for promotion should be merit and not personal loyalties. Nasser retracted the initiative after Amer's allies in the officers corps threatened to mobilize against him. 3215: 3025:. At the meeting, Khrushchev pressed Nasser to lift the ban on the Communist Party, but Nasser refused, stating it was an internal matter which was not a subject of discussion with outside powers. Khrushchev was reportedly taken aback and denied he had meant to interfere in the UAR's affairs. The matter was settled as both leaders sought to prevent a rift between their two countries. 1619:, and later returned to Alexandria to enter the Ras el-Tin secondary school and to join his father, who was working for the city's postal service. It was in Alexandria that Nasser became involved in political activism. After witnessing clashes between protesters and police in Manshia Square, he joined the demonstration without being aware of its purpose. The protest, organized by the 3699: 5867:, (13 December 1949 – 15 September 2011). The most active politically. Said to have co-founded (with Egyptian diplomat Mahmud Nur Eddin) an organization called "the Revolution of Egypt," which was accused of assassinating Israeli members of the Shin Bet stationed in Egypt in the late 1980s. Khalid took refuge in Yugoslavia and was eventually pardoned by President Hosni Mubarek. 2714: 4212:, dismissed Nasser's popular appeal with the Egyptian masses during his presidency as being the product of successful manipulation and demagoguery. Egyptian political scientist Alaa al-Din Desouki blamed the 1952 revolution's shortcomings on Nasser's concentration of power, and Egypt's lack of democracy on Nasser's political style and his government's limitations on 2755:, Egyptian armor in the Sinai would be cut off from the canal and destroyed by the combined tripartite forces. Amer strongly disagreed, insisting that Egyptian tanks meet the Israelis in battle. The two had a heated exchange on 3 November, and Amer conceded. Nasser also ordered blockage of the canal by sinking or otherwise disabling forty-nine ships at its entrance. 20217: 3110:'s bodies were mutilated and dragged across Baghdad. Nasser recognized the new government and stated that "any attack on Iraq was tantamount to an attack on the UAR". On 15 July, US marines landed in Lebanon, and British special forces in Jordan, upon the request of those countries' governments to prevent them from falling to pro-Nasser forces. Nasser felt that the 2691:

the canal's nationalization that he gained near-total popular legitimacy and firmly established himself as the "charismatic leader" and "spokesman for the masses not only in Egypt, but all over the Third World". According to Aburish, this was Nasser's largest pan-Arab triumph at the time and "soon his pictures were to be found in the tents of Yemen, the souks of

5851:

the rest of their lives. Nasser's entry into the officer corps in 1937 secured him relatively well-paid employment in a society where most people lived in poverty. Nasser and Tahia would sometimes discuss politics at home, but for the most part Nasser kept his career separate from his family life. He preferred to spend most of his free time with his children.

2234: 2230: 2671:, beginning on 21 July. The rest of the RCC's former members were informed of the decision on 24 July, while the bulk of the cabinet was unaware of the nationalization scheme until hours before Nasser publicly announced it. According to Ramadan, Nasser's decision to nationalize the canal was a solitary decision, taken without consultation. 10080:

tomorrow." After he came to power he gradually changed. He ceased consulting his colleagues and made more and more of the decisions himself. His tendencies in this regard may have been accentuated by diabetes, which Muhieddin said sometimes leads people to make rash decisions. That was the only rational explanation for his actions in 1967.

2232: 1838:. It was here that Nasser and his closest comrades, including Sadat and Amer, first discussed their dissatisfaction at widespread corruption in the country and their desire to topple the monarchy. Sadat would later write that because of his "energy, clear-thinking, and balanced judgement", Nasser emerged as the group's natural leader. 2779:(UNEF) to be stationed in Sinai. Nasser commended Eisenhower, stating he played the "greatest and most decisive role" in stopping the "tripartite conspiracy". By the end of December, British and French forces had totally withdrawn from Egyptian territory, while Israel completed its withdrawal in March 1957 and released all Egyptian 2936: 2934: 2931: 2935: 3904:, Nasser suffered a heart attack. He was immediately transported to his house, where his physicians tended to him. Nasser died several hours later, around 6 p.m. at age 52. Heikal, Sadat, and Nasser's wife Tahia were at his deathbed. According to his doctor, al-Sawi Habibi, Nasser's likely cause of death was 2233: 3356:(NAM) in 1961. Its declared purpose was to solidify international non-alignment and promote world peace amid the Cold War, end colonization, and increase economic cooperation among developing countries. In 1964, Nasser was made president of the NAM and held the second conference of the organization in Cairo. 2997:—in place of total integration. While Nasser was in Syria, King Saud planned to have him assassinated on his return flight to Cairo. On 4 March, Nasser addressed the masses in Damascus and waved before them the Saudi check given to Syrian security chief and, unbeknownst to the Saudis, ardent Nasser supporter 3734:, which called for Israel's withdrawal from territories acquired in the war. His supporters claimed Nasser's move was meant to buy time to prepare for another confrontation with Israel, while his detractors believed his acceptance of the resolution signaled a waning interest in Palestinian independence. 5717:

Through his actions and speeches, and because he was able to symbolize the popular Arab will, Nasser inspired several nationalist revolutions in the Arab world. He defined the politics of his generation and communicated directly with the public masses of the Arab world, bypassing the various heads of

4196:

Nasser's Egyptian detractors considered him a dictator who thwarted democratic progress, imprisoned thousands of dissidents, and led a repressive administration responsible for numerous human rights violations. Islamists in Egypt, particularly members of the politically persecuted Brotherhood, viewed

4107:

Nasser was known for his accessibility and direct relationship with ordinary Egyptians. His availability to the public, despite assassination attempts against him, was unparalleled among his successors. A skilled orator, Nasser gave 1,359 speeches between 1953 and 1970, a record for any Egyptian head

3709:

On 11 July, Nasser replaced Amer with Mohamed Fawzi as general commander, over the protestations of Amer's loyalists in the military, 600 of whom marched on army headquarters and demanded Amer's reinstatement. After Nasser sacked thirty of the loyalists in response, Amer and his allies devised a plan

3654:

that Nasser became aware of the situation's gravity. After hearing of the attack, he rushed to army headquarters to inquire about the military situation. The simmering conflict between Nasser and Amer subsequently came to the fore, and officers present reported the pair burst into "a nonstop shouting

3499:

In October 1961, Nasser embarked on a major nationalization program for Egypt, believing the total adoption of socialism was the answer to his country's problems and would have prevented Syria's secession. In order to organize and solidify his popular base with Egypt's citizens and counter the army's

3251:

in the same month, Egypt announced that it was ready to withdraw all its soldiers from North Yemen and it did so by the end of 1967. 26,000 Egyptian soldiers were killed during the intervention. Most of Nasser's old colleagues had questioned the wisdom of continuing the war, but Amer reassured Nasser

3028:

With the establishment of the United Arab Republic, the United States under President Eisenhower attempted to build better relations and initiate a rapprochement between the two countries, contrasting with the previously cautious stance of the American government towards Nasser. In particular, Nasser

2763:

proposed requesting a ceasefire, with Salem further recommending that Nasser surrender himself to British forces. Nasser berated Amer and Salem, and vowed, "Nobody is going to surrender." Nasser assumed military command. Despite the relative ease in which Sinai was occupied, Nasser's prestige at home

2565:

as a principal theme of Egyptian foreign policy regarding the Cold War. Nasser was welcomed by large crowds of people lining the streets of Cairo on his return to Egypt on 2 May and was widely heralded in the press for his achievements and leadership in the conference. Consequently, Nasser's prestige

5885:

in 1954 and 1965. He was known to be personally incorruptible, a characteristic which further enhanced his reputation among the citizens of Egypt and the Arab world. Nasser's personal hobbies included playing chess, photography, watching American films, reading Arabic, English, and French magazines,

5850:

father and an Egyptian mother, both of whom had died when she was young. She had been introduced to Nasser through her brother, Abdel Hamid Kazim, a merchant friend of Nasser's, in 1943. After their wedding, the couple moved into a house in Manshiyat al-Bakri, a suburb of Cairo, where they lived for

3688:

During the first four days of the war, the general population of the Arab world believed Arab radio station fabrications of imminent Arab victory. On 9 June, Nasser appeared on television to inform Egypt's citizens of their country's defeat. He announced his resignation on television later that day,

3677:

I have taken a decision with which I need your help. I have decided to withdraw totally and for good from any official post or political role, and to return to the ranks of the masses, performing my duty in their midst, like any other citizen. This is a time for action, not grief. ... My whole heart

3199:

to bolster his allies, but withdrew them two days later, citing a refusal to allow inter-Arab fighting. Addressing the UAR's breakup on 5 October, Nasser accepted personal responsibility and declared that Egypt would recognize an elected Syrian government. He privately blamed interference by hostile

3066:

by May. The former sought to unite with the UAR, while the latter sought Lebanon's continued independence. Nasser delegated oversight of the issue to Sarraj, who provided limited aid to Nasser's Lebanese supporters through money, light arms, and officer training—short of the large-scale support that

2882:

deteriorated in April when Hussein implicated Nasser in two coup attempts against him—although Nasser's involvement was never established—and dissolved al-Nabulsi's cabinet. Nasser subsequently slammed Hussein on Cairo radio as being "a tool of the imperialists". Relations with King Saud also became

2682:

in Egypt and British control over the canal company's profits, and upheld that the Egyptian people had a right to sovereignty over the waterway, especially since "120,000 Egyptians had died building it". The motion was technically in breach of the international agreement he had signed with the UK on

2590:

was drafted, entailing the establishment of a single-party system under the National Union (NU), a movement Nasser described as the "cadre through which we will realize our revolution". The NU was a reconfiguration of the Liberation Rally, which Nasser determined had failed in generating mass public

2264:

On 25 February 1954, Naguib announced his resignation after the RCC held an official meeting without his presence two days prior. On 26 February, Nasser accepted the resignation, put Naguib under house arrest, and the RCC proclaimed Nasser as both RCC chairman and prime minister. As Naguib intended,

2071:

gained a victory—mostly due to the absence of the Muslim Brotherhood, which boycotted the elections—and was perceived as a threat by the Free Officers as the Wafd had campaigned on demands similar to their own. Accusations of corruption against Wafd politicians began to surface, however, breeding an

4108:

of state. Historian Elie Podeh wrote that a constant theme of Nasser's image was "his ability to represent Egyptian authenticity, in triumph or defeat". The national press also helped to foster his popularity and profile—more so after the nationalization of state media. Historian Tarek Osman wrote:

3974:

Because of his ability to motivate nationalistic passions, "men, women, and children wept and wailed in the streets" after hearing of his death, according to Nutting. The general Arab reaction was one of mourning, with thousands of people pouring onto the streets of major cities throughout the Arab

3755:

On 30 March, Nasser proclaimed a manifesto stipulating the restoration of civil liberties, greater parliamentary independence from the executive, major structural changes to the ASU, and a campaign to rid the government of corrupt elements. A public referendum approved the proposed measures in May,

3478:

In early 1962 Nasser again attempted to wrest control of the military command from Amer. Amer responded by directly confronting Nasser for the first time and secretly rallying his loyalist officers. Nasser ultimately backed down, wary of a possible violent confrontation between the military and his

3282:

the Syrian government on 8 March. On 14 March, the new Iraqi and Syrian governments sent Nasser delegations to push for a new Arab union. At the meeting, Nasser lambasted the Ba'athists for "facilitating" Syria's split from the UAR, and asserted that he was the "leader of the Arabs". A transitional

3047:

The holy march on which the Arab nation insists, will carry us forward from one victory to another ... the flag of freedom which flies over Baghdad today will fly over Amman and Riyadh. Yes, the flag of freedom which flies over Cairo, Damascus, and Baghdad today will fly over the rest of the Middle

2870:

and pledged to prevent the spread of communism and its perceived agents in the Middle East. Although Nasser was an opponent of communism in the region, his promotion of pan-Arabism was viewed as a threat by pro-Western states in the region. Eisenhower tried to isolate Nasser and reduce his regional

2767:

It was at Port Said that Nasser saw a confrontation with the invading forces as being the strategic and psychological focal point of Egypt's defense. A third infantry battalion and hundreds of national guardsmen were sent to the city as reinforcements, while two regular companies were dispatched to

2330:

The crowd roared in approval and Arab audiences were electrified. The assassination attempt backfired, quickly playing into Nasser's hands. Upon returning to Cairo, he ordered one of the largest political crackdowns in the modern history of Egypt, with the arrests of thousands of dissenters, mostly

1611:

Nasser exchanged letters with his mother and visited her on holidays. He stopped receiving messages at the end of April 1926. Upon returning to Khatatba, he learned that his mother had died after giving birth to his third brother, Shawki, and that his family had kept the news from him. Nasser later

5675:

Nasser told a German neo-Nazi newspaper in 1964 that "no person, not even the most simple one, takes seriously the lie of the six million Jews that were murdered ." However, he is not known to have ever again publicly called the figure of six million into question, perhaps because his advisors and

3924:

Following the announcement of Nasser's death, most Arabs were in a state of shock. Nasser's funeral procession through Cairo on 1 October was attended by at least five million mourners. The 10-kilometer (6.2 mi) procession to his burial site began at the old RCC headquarters with a flyover by

3012:

A day after announcing the attempt on his life, Nasser established a new provisional constitution proclaiming a 600-member National Assembly (400 from Egypt and 200 from Syria) and the dissolution of all political parties. Nasser gave each of the provinces two vice-presidents: Boghdadi and Amer in

2794:

After the fighting ended, Amer accused Nasser of provoking an unnecessary war and then blaming the military for the result. On 8 April, the canal was reopened, and Nasser's political position was enormously enhanced by the widely perceived failure of the invasion and attempt to topple him. British

2690:

stated, "I cannot overemphasize popularity of the Canal Company nationalization within Egypt, even among Nasser's enemies." Egyptian political scientist Mahmoud Hamad wrote that, prior to 1956, Nasser had consolidated control over Egypt's military and civilian bureaucracies, but it was only after

2392:

raids. Nasser did not feel that the Egyptian Army was ready for a confrontation and did not retaliate militarily. His failure to respond to Israeli military action demonstrated the ineffectiveness of his armed forces and constituted a blow to his growing popularity. Nasser subsequently ordered the

2256:

When Naguib began showing signs of independence from Nasser by distancing himself from the RCC's land reform decrees and drawing closer to Egypt's established political forces, namely the Wafd and the Brotherhood, Nasser resolved to depose him. In June, Nasser took control of the interior ministry

2096:

Sirri Amer was close to King Farouk, and was nominated for the presidency of the Officer's Club—normally a ceremonial office—with the king's backing. Nasser was determined to establish the independence of the army from the monarchy, and with Amer as the intercessor, resolved to field a nominee for

2052:

regarding suspicions that he was forming a secret group of dissenting officers. According to secondhand reports, Nasser convincingly denied the allegations. Abdel Hadi was also hesitant to take drastic measures against the army, especially in front of its chief of staff, who was present during the

4129:

While Nasser was increasingly criticized by Egyptian intellectuals following the Six-Day War and his death in 1970, the general public was persistently sympathetic both during and after Nasser's life. According to political scientist Mahmoud Hamad, writing in 2008, "nostalgia for Nasser is easily

3839:

Israel retaliated against Egyptian shelling with commando raids, artillery shelling and air strikes. This resulted in an exodus of civilians from Egyptian cities along the Suez Canal's western bank. Nasser ceased all military activities and began a program to build a network of internal defenses,

3747:

Nasser appointed himself the additional roles of prime minister and supreme commander of the armed forces on 19 June 1967. Angry at the military court's perceived leniency with air force officers charged with negligence during the 1967 war, workers and students launched protests calling for major

2739:

recognizing Egypt's right to control the canal as long as it continued to allow passage through it for foreign ships. According to Heikal, after this agreement, "Nasser estimated that the danger of invasion had dropped to 10 percent". Shortly thereafter, however, the UK, France, and Israel made a

2317:

My countrymen, my blood spills for you and for Egypt. I will live for your sake and die for the sake of your freedom and honor. Let them kill me; it does not concern me so long as I have instilled pride, honor, and freedom in you. If Gamal Abdel Nasser should die, each of you shall be Gamal Abdel

1972:

in October 1948, but soon concluded that the religious agenda of the Brotherhood was not compatible with his nationalism. From then on, Nasser prevented the Brotherhood's influence over his cadres' activities without severing ties with the organization. Nasser was sent as a member of the Egyptian

4112:

The interplay in the Nasser 'phenomenon' between genuine expression of popular feeling and state-sponsored propaganda may sometimes be hard to disentangle. But behind it lies a vital historical fact: that Gamal Abdel Nasser signifies the only truly Egyptian developmental project in the country's

3763:

Nasser appointed Sadat and Hussein el-Shafei as his vice presidents in December 1969. By then, relations with his other original military comrades, namely Khaled and Zakaria Mohieddin and former vice president Sabri, had become strained. By mid-1970, Nasser pondered replacing Sadat with Boghdadi

3238:

overthrew Imam Badr of North Yemen on 27 September 1962. Al-Badr and his tribal partisans began receiving increasing support from Saudi Arabia to help reinstate the kingdom, while Nasser subsequently accepted a request by Sallal to militarily aid the new government on 30 September. Consequently,

2902:

industries. When efforts to offer tax incentives and attract outside investments yielded no tangible results, he nationalized more companies and made them a part of his economic development organization. He stopped short of total government control: two-thirds of the economy was still in private

3729:

The Soviet Union soon resupplied the Egyptian military with about half of its former arsenals and broke diplomatic relations with Israel. Nasser cut relations with the US following the war, and, according to Aburish, his policy of "playing the superpowers against each other" ended. In November,

3539:

to a second term as UAR president and took his oath on 25 March 1965. He was the only candidate for the position, with virtually all of his political opponents forbidden by law from running for office, and his fellow party members reduced to mere followers. That same year, Nasser had the Muslim

2933: 2730:

France and the UK, the largest shareholders in the Suez Canal Company, saw its nationalization as yet another hostile measure aimed at them by the Egyptian government. Nasser was aware that the canal's nationalization would instigate an international crisis and believed the prospect of military

2312:

On 26 October 1954, Muslim Brotherhood member Mahmoud Abdel-Latif attempted to assassinate Nasser while he was delivering a speech in Alexandria, broadcast to the Arab world by radio, to celebrate the British military withdrawal. The gunman was 25 feet (7.6 m) away from him and fired eight

1960:

hosted a public celebration for the officers' return despite reservations from the royal government, which had been pressured by the British to prevent the reception. The apparent difference in attitude between the government and the general public increased Nasser's determination to topple the

1912:

withdrawal, King Farouk sent the Egyptian army into Israel, with Nasser serving as a staff officer of the 6th Infantry Battalion. During the war, he wrote of the Egyptian army's unpreparedness, saying "our soldiers were dashed against fortifications". Nasser was deputy commander of the Egyptian

3162:

backed by UAR authorities. Nasser had considered dispatching troops to aid his Iraqi sympathizers, but decided against it. He clamped down on Egyptian communist activity due to the key backing Iraqi communists provided Qasim. Several influential communists were arrested, including Nasser's old

2666:

asserts that Nasser made the final decision to nationalize the company that operated the waterway between 19 and 20 July. Nasser himself would later state that he decided on 23 July, after studying the issue and deliberating with some of his advisers from the dissolved RCC, namely Boghdadi and

2236: 2235: 2083:

by which the United Kingdom had the right to maintain its military forces in the Suez Canal Zone. The popularity of this move, as well as that of government-sponsored guerrilla attacks against the British, put pressure on Nasser to act. According to Sadat, Nasser decided to wage "a large scale

3582:

considered the warnings to be "baseless". According to Kandil, without Nasser's authorization, Amer used the Soviet warnings as a pretext to dispatch troops to Sinai on 14 May, and Nasser subsequently demanded UNEF's withdrawal. Earlier that day, Nasser received a warning from King Hussein of

3170:

By December, the political situation in Syria was faltering and Nasser responded by appointing Amer as governor-general alongside Sarraj. Syria's leaders opposed the appointment and many resigned from their government posts. Nasser later met with the opposition leaders and in a heated moment,

10079:

Zakaria Muhieddin...was vice president )of Nasser)...All of this was out of character. In the early days of the revolution Nasser had been the most cautious member of the RCC; that was why he was its leader. He was forever saying, after they had taken a decision, "Let's think this over until

3519:

Nasser also attempted to maintain oversight of the country's civil service to prevent it from inflating and consequently becoming a burden to the state. New laws provided workers with a minimum wage, profit shares, free education, free health care, reduced working hours, and encouragement to

3359:

Nasser played a significant part in the strengthening of African solidarity in the late 1950s and early 1960s, although his continental leadership role had increasingly passed to Algeria since 1962. During this period, Nasser made Egypt a refuge for anti-colonial leaders from several African

2268:

On 5 March, Nasser's security coterie arrested thousands of participants in the uprising. As a ruse to rally opposition against a return to the pre-1952 order, the RCC decreed an end to restrictions on monarchy-era parties and the Free Officers' withdrawal from politics. The RCC succeeded in

3971:, and Nasser is God's beloved... Each of us is Nasser." Police unsuccessfully attempted to quell the crowds and, as a result, most of the foreign dignitaries were evacuated. The final destination was the Nasr Mosque, which was afterwards renamed Abdel Nasser Mosque, where Nasser was buried. 2591:

participation. In the new movement, Nasser attempted to incorporate more citizens, approved by local-level party committees, in order to solidify popular backing for his government. The NU would select a nominee for the presidential election whose name would be provided for public approval.

5718:

states of those countries—an accomplishment not repeated by other Arab leaders. The extent of Nasser's centrality in the region made it a priority for incoming Arab nationalist heads of state to seek good relations with Egypt, in order to gain popular legitimacy from their own citizens.

4040:

However, these advances came at the expense of civil liberties. In Nasser's Egypt, the media were tightly controlled, mail was opened, and telephones were wiretapped. He was elected in 1956, 1958 and 1965 in plebiscites in which he was the sole candidate, each time claiming unanimous or

2938: 2937: 2092:

by firing their submachine guns at his car as he drove through the streets of Cairo. Instead of killing the general, the attackers wounded an innocent female passerby. Nasser recalled that her wails "haunted" him and firmly dissuaded him from undertaking similar actions in the future.

1817:, but quit after one semester to reapply to the Military Academy. From his readings, Nasser, who frequently spoke of "dignity, glory, and freedom" in his youth, became enchanted with the stories of national liberators and heroic conquerors; a military career became his chief priority. 1788:, in which al-Hakim wrote that the Egyptian people were only in need of a "man in whom all their feelings and desires will be represented, and who will be for them a symbol of their objective". Nasser later credited the novel as his inspiration to launch the coup d'état that began the 2157:

and British influence in Egypt. In May, Nasser received word that Farouk knew the names of the Free Officers and intended to arrest them; he immediately entrusted Free Officer Zakaria Mohieddin with the task of planning the government takeover by army units loyal to the association.

5733:, Algeria's first president, was a staunch Nasserist. Abdullah al-Sallal drove out the king of North Yemen in the name of Nasser's pan-Arabism. Other coups influenced by Nasser included those that occurred in Iraq in July 1958 and Syria in 1963. Muammar Gaddafi, who overthrew the 3520:

participate in management. Land reforms guaranteed the security of tenant farmers, promoted agricultural growth, and reduced rural poverty. As a result of the 1962 measures, government ownership of Egyptian business reached 51 percent, and the National Union was renamed the

7143: 1662:

Nasser's involvement in political activity increased throughout his school years, such that he only attended 45 days of classes during his last year of secondary school. Despite it having the almost unanimous backing of Egypt's political forces, Nasser strongly objected to the

2731:

intervention by the two countries was 80 percent likely. Nasser dismissed their claims, and believed that the UK would not be able to intervene militarily for at least two months after the announcement, and dismissed Israeli action as "impossible". In early October, the

11828:

President Nasser of Egypt in a notorious interview with the editor of the neo-Nazi Deutsche Soldaten und National Zeitung, published on 1 May 1964, insisted that No one, not even the simplest man in our country, takes seriously the lie about six million Jews who were

2764:

and among Arabs was undamaged. To counterbalance the Egyptian Army's dismal performance, Nasser authorized the distribution of about 400,000 rifles to civilian volunteers and hundreds of militias were formed throughout Egypt, many led by Nasser's political opponents.

2076:, "nobody knew all of them and where they belonged in the hierarchy except Nasser". Nasser felt that the Free Officers were not ready to move against the government and, for nearly two years, he did little beyond officer recruitment and underground news bulletins. 4228:

officer known for his close personal relationship with Nasser, said that the barriers between Nasser and the outside world have grown so thick that all but the information that attest to his infallibility, indispensability, and immortality has been filtered out.

2849:

had become the dominant ideology in the Arab world, and the average Arab citizen considered Nasser their undisputed leader. Historian Adeed Dawisha credited Nasser's status to his "charisma, bolstered by his perceived victory in the Suez Crisis". The Cairo-based

2718: 2335:, was commuted to a 15-year imprisonment. Naguib was removed from the presidency and put under house arrest, but was never tried or sentenced, and no one in the army rose to defend him. With his rivals neutralized, Nasser became the undisputed leader of Egypt. 2355:

terms such "Arab homeland" and "Arab nation" frequently began appearing in his speeches in 1954–55, whereas prior he would refer to the Arab "peoples" or the "Arab region". In January 1955, the RCC appointed him as their president, pending national elections.

3126:

to oversee developments in Syria. By moving the latter two, who were Ba'athists, to Cairo, he neutralized important political figures who had their own ideas about how Syria should be run. He put Syria under Sarraj, who effectively reduced the province to a

2716: 5901:. He maintained 18-hour workdays and rarely took time off for vacations. The combination of smoking and working long hours contributed to his poor health. He was diagnosed with diabetes in the early 1960s and by the time of his death in 1970, he also had 2244:

In January 1953, Nasser overcame opposition from Naguib and banned all political parties, creating a one-party system under the Liberation Rally, a loosely structured movement whose chief task was to organize pro-RCC rallies and lectures, with Nasser its

2957:

As political instability grew in Syria, delegations from the country were sent to Nasser demanding immediate unification with Egypt. Nasser initially turned down the request, citing the two countries' incompatible political and economic systems, lack of

2719: 2101:, a popular general who had offered his resignation to Farouk in 1942 over British high-handedness and was wounded three times in the Palestine War. Naguib won overwhelmingly and the Free Officers, through their connection with a leading Egyptian daily, 1845:, Sudan, which was part of Egypt at the time. Nasser returned to Egypt in September 1942 after a brief stay in Sudan, then secured a position as an instructor in the Cairo Royal Military Academy in May 1943. In February 1942, in what became known as the 2970:(UAR) was proclaimed and, according to Dawisha, the Arab world reacted in "stunned amazement, which quickly turned into uncontrolled euphoria." Nasser ordered a crackdown against Syrian communists, dismissing many of them from their governmental posts. 3920:

with a family history of heart disease—two of his brothers died in their fifties from the same condition. The state of Nasser's health was not known to the public prior to his death. He had previously suffered heart attacks in 1966 and September 1969.

2641:

After the three-year transition period ended with Nasser's official assumption of power, his domestic and independent foreign policies increasingly collided with the regional interests of the UK and France. The latter condemned his strong support for

3190:

On 28 September 1961, secessionist army units launched a coup in Damascus, declaring Syria's secession from the UAR. In response, pro-union army units in northern Syria revolted and pro-Nasser protests occurred in major Syrian cities. Nasser sent

2854:

radio station spread Nasser's ideas of united Arab action throughout the Arabic-speaking world, so much so that historian Eugene Rogan wrote, "Nasser conquered the Arab world by radio." Lebanese sympathizers of Nasser and the Egyptian embassy in

3404:

In 1961, Nasser sought to firmly establish Egypt as the leader of the Arab world and to promote a second revolution in Egypt with the purpose of merging Islamic and socialist thinking. To achieve this, he initiated several reforms to modernize

1713:. His own social status was well below the wealthy Egyptian elite, and his discontent with those born into wealth and power grew throughout his lifetime. Nasser spent most of his spare time reading, particularly in 1933, when he lived near the 1641:

When his father was transferred to Cairo in 1933, Nasser joined him and attended al-Nahda al-Masria school. He took up acting in school plays for a brief period and wrote articles for the school's paper, including a piece on French philosopher

3659:, who became foreign minister during Sadat's presidency, the Israeli invasion and Egypt's consequent defeat was a result of Nasser's dismissal of all rational analysis of the situation and his undertaking of a series of irrational decisions. 4041:

near-unanimous support. With few exceptions, the legislature did little more than approve Nasser's policies. As the legislature was made up almost entirely of government supporters, Nasser effectively held all governing power in the nation.

3692:

Hundreds of thousands of sympathizers poured into the streets in mass demonstrations throughout Egypt and across the Arab world rejecting his resignation, chanting, "We are your soldiers, Gamal!" Nasser retracted his decision the next day.

2919: 1650:

that rejected prospects for the 1923 Constitution's restoration. Two protesters were killed and Nasser received a graze to the head from a policeman's bullet. The incident garnered his first mention in the press: the nationalist newspaper

2176:

class while leaving the day-to-day tasks of government to civilians. They asked former prime minister Ali Maher to accept reappointment to his previous position, and to form an all-civilian cabinet. The Free Officers then governed as the

2298: 2973: 2338:

Nasser's street following was still too small to sustain his plans for reform and to secure him in office. To promote himself and the Liberation Rally, he gave speeches in a cross-country tour, and imposed controls over the country's

2918: 2513:

Nasser mediated discussions between the pro-Western, pro-Soviet, and neutralist conference factions over the composition of the "Final Communique" addressing colonialism in Africa and Asia and the fostering of global peace amid the

2438:, the balance of power between Egypt and Israel was more or less equalized and Nasser's role as the Arab leader defying the West was enhanced. The arms deal led to increased unease in the United States, where Nasser was compared to 2717: 2417:

and "perpetuate subservience to Zionism and imperialism". Nasser felt that if he was to maintain Egypt's regional leadership position he needed to acquire modern weaponry to arm his military. When it became apparent to him that

2695:, and the posh villas of Syria". The official reason given for the nationalization was that funds from the canal would be used for the construction of the dam in Aswan. That same day, Egypt closed the canal to Israeli shipping. 6439: 4044:

By the end of his presidency, employment and working conditions improved considerably, although poverty was still high in the country and substantial resources allocated for social welfare had been diverted to the war effort.

4163:

in Egypt, photographs of Nasser were raised in Cairo and Arab capitals during anti-government demonstrations. According to journalist Lamis Andoni, Nasser had become a "symbol of Arab dignity" during the mass demonstrations.

3655:

match". The Supreme Executive Committee, set up by Nasser to oversee the conduct of the war, attributed the repeated Egyptian defeats to the Nasser–Amer rivalry and Amer's overall incompetence. According to Egyptian diplomat

2662:, and took great offense. Although ideas for nationalizing the Suez Canal Company were in the offing after the UK agreed to withdraw its military from Egypt in 1954 (the last British troops left on 13 June 1956), journalist 2383:

Nasser made secret contacts with Israel in 1954–55, but determined that peace with Israel would be impossible, considering it an "expansionist state that viewed the Arabs with disdain". On 28 February 1955, Israeli troops

2231: 1553:, and the dominance of the military over civil institutions that characterised his tenure, establishing a pattern of military and dictatorial rule in Egypt which has persisted, nearly uninterrupted, to the present day. 1952:

found with the soldiers were, Nasser told him that he "now understands their courageous stand". During an interview on Israeli TV in 1971, Rabbi Goren claimed the two agreed to meet again when the time of peace comes.

2300: 4147:

writes that despite his mistakes and shortcomings, Nasser "imparted a sense of personal worth and national pride that had not known for 400 years. This alone may have been enough to balance his flaws and failures."

2351:, the leading Arab singers of the era, performed songs praising Nasser's nationalism. Others produced plays denigrating his political opponents. According to his associates, Nasser orchestrated the campaign himself. 4183:

Sadat declared his intention to "continue the path of Nasser" in his 7 October 1970 presidential inauguration speech, but began to depart from Nasserist policies as his domestic position improved following the 1973

1667:

because it stipulated the continued presence of British military bases in the country. Nonetheless, political unrest in Egypt declined significantly and Nasser resumed his studies at al-Nahda, where he received his

1638:, for a brief period in 1934. His association with the group and active role in student demonstrations during this period "imbued him with a fierce Egyptian nationalism", according to the historian James Jankowski. 3243:, with 60,000 Egyptian soldiers deployed in North Yemen in March 1966. In August 1967, in order to make up for Egyptian losses during the Six-Day War, Nasser recalled 15,000 troops from North Yemen. As part of the 2932: 2920: 2758:

Despite the commanded withdrawal of Egyptian troops, about 2,000 Egyptian soldiers were killed during engagement with Israeli forces, and some 5,000 Egyptian soldiers were captured by the Israeli Army. Amer and

4192:

policy sought to open Egypt's economy for private investment. According to Heikal, ensuing anti-Nasser developments until the present day led to an Egypt " at war with Abdel-Nasser, half with Anwar El-Sadat".

3283:

unity agreement stipulating a federal system was signed by the parties on 17 April and the new union was set to be established in May 1965. However, the agreement fell apart weeks later when Syria's Ba'athists

2582:

With his domestic position considerably strengthened, Nasser was able to secure primacy over his RCC colleagues and gained relatively unchallenged decision-making authority, particularly over foreign policy.

3430:

Nasser instructed al-Azhar to create changes in its syllabus that trickled to the lower levels of Egyptian education, consequently allowing the establishment of coeducational schools and the introduction of

3114:

left the road for pan-Arab unity unblocked. On 19 July, for the first time, he declared that he was opting for full Arab union, although he had no plan to merge Iraq with the UAR. While most members of the

2654:

alienated the United States. On 19 July 1956, the US and UK abruptly withdrew their offer to finance construction of the Aswan Dam, citing concerns that Egypt's economy would be overwhelmed by the project.

1812:

In 1937, Nasser applied to the Royal Military Academy for army officer training, but his police record of anti-government protest initially blocked his entry. Disappointed, he enrolled in the law school at

3717:

in Khartoum, Nasser's usual commanding position had receded as the attending heads of state expected Saudi King Faisal to lead. A ceasefire in the Yemen War was declared and the summit concluded with the

10706:

In dozens of speeches and statements, Nasser posited the equation that any direct peace talks with Israel were tantamount to surrender. His efforts to forestall any movement toward direct negotiations...

2412:

was formed between some regional allies of the UK. Nasser considered the Baghdad Pact a threat to his efforts to eliminate British military influence in the Middle East, and a mechanism to undermine the

3200:

Arab governments. According to Heikal, Nasser suffered something resembling a nervous breakdown after the dissolution of the union; he began to smoke more heavily and his health began to deteriorate.

3135:

in September 1958, relations between Lebanon and the UAR improved considerably. On 25 March 1959, Chehab and Nasser met at the Lebanese–Syrian border and compromised on an end to the Lebanese crisis.

3071:

between the rebels in the interior of Oman against the British-backed Sultanate of Oman prompted Nasser to support the rebels in what was considered a war against colonialism between 1954 and 1959.

2331:

members of the Brotherhood, but also communists, and the dismissal of 140 officers loyal to Naguib. Eight Brotherhood leaders were sentenced to death, although the sentence of its chief ideologue,

3360:

countries and allowed the broadcast of anti-colonial propaganda from Cairo. Beginning in 1958, Nasser had a key role in the discussions among African leaders that led to the establishment of the

3259:

of France. As a staunch political and financial supporter of the Algerian independence movement, Nasser considered the country's independence to be a personal victory. Amid these developments, a

2072:

atmosphere of rumor and suspicion that consequently brought the Free Officers to the forefront of Egyptian politics. By then, the organization had expanded to around ninety members. According to

8611: 1646:

titled "Voltaire, the Man of Freedom". On 13 November 1935, Nasser led a student demonstration against British rule, protesting against a statement made four days prior by UK foreign minister

4155:

wrote in July 2013, "Nasser's heyday still represents, for many, the last time that Egypt felt united under leaders whose espoused principles met the needs of ordinary Egyptians." During the

2313:

shots, but all missed Nasser. Panic broke out in the mass audience, but Nasser maintained his posture and raised his voice to appeal for calm. With great emotion he exclaimed the following:

3037:, which conflicted with Nasser's pan-Arab nationalism. However, due to major ideological differences, no significant long-term working relationship developed between Nasser and Eisenhower. 1612:

stated that "losing her this way was a shock so deep that time failed to remedy". He adored his mother and the injury of her death deepened when his father remarried before the year's end.

3993:, a former political prisoner and later member Nasser's ASU, said that "Nasser's greatest achievement was his funeral. The world will never again see five million people crying together." 2161:

The Free Officers' intention was not to install themselves in government, but to re-establish a parliamentary democracy. Nasser did not believe that a low-ranking officer like himself (a

5955: 6378: 2048:. Its success and evident popular support among the Syrian people encouraged Nasser's revolutionary pursuits. Soon after his return, he was summoned and interrogated by Prime Minister 18728: 6445: 5686:

to distribute antisemitic propaganda. He is, however, thought to have been more moderate in that regard than contemporary political powers like Young Egypt or the Muslim Brotherhood.

2715: 2686:

The nationalization announcement was greeted very emotionally by the audience and, throughout the Arab world, thousands entered the streets shouting slogans of support. US ambassador

3635:. The next day, Amer ordered the immediate withdrawal of Egyptian troops from Sinai—causing the majority of Egyptian casualties during the war. Israel quickly captured Sinai and the 20448: 1834:, both of whom became important aides during his presidency. After graduating from the academy in July 1938, he was commissioned a second lieutenant in the infantry, and posted to 14614: 3631:

struck Egyptian air fields, destroying much of the Egyptian Air Force. Before the day ended, Israeli armored units had cut through Egyptian defense lines and captured the town of

1604:, where Nasser's father ran a post office. Nasser attended a primary school for the children of railway employees until 1924, when he was sent to live with his paternal uncle in 1506:

of 1967, Nasser resigned, but he returned to office after popular demonstrations called for his reinstatement. By 1968, Nasser had appointed himself prime minister, launched the

3756:

and held subsequent elections for the Supreme Executive Committee, the ASU's highest decision-making body. Observers noted that the declaration signaled an important shift from

14382:

McAlexander, Richard J., “Couscous Mussolini: US Perceptions of Gamal Abdel Nasser, the 1958 Intervention in Lebanon and the Origins of the U.S.-Israeli Special Relationship,”

2494:

in late April 1955, Nasser was treated as the leading representative of the Arab countries and was one of the most popular figures at the summit. He had paid earlier visits to

3536: 3001:

to shoot down Nasser's plane. As a consequence of Saud's plot, he was forced by senior members of the Saudi royal family to informally cede most of his powers to his brother,

2299: 1499: 1149: 5682:. He believed that the Jews greatly influenced the global financial market and that they ultimately strove for world domination. Nasser also hired former Nazi officials like 1917:(commanded by Said Taha Bey nicknamed the "Sudanese tiger" by the Israelis). On 12 July, he was lightly wounded in the fighting. By August, his brigade was surrounded by the 20063: 3933:

pulled by six horses and led by a column of cavalrymen. All Arab heads of state attended, with the exception of Saudi King Faisal. King Hussein and Arafat cried openly, and

3131:

by imprisoning and exiling landholders who objected to the introduction of Egyptian agricultural reform in Syria, as well as communists. Following the Lebanese election of

2240:

Nasser laughing at the Muslim Brotherhood for suggesting in 1953 that women should be required to wear the hijab and that Islamic law should be enforced across the country.

4067:(ADNP). The party carried minor political influence, and splits between its members beginning in 1995 resulted in the gradual establishment of splinter parties, including 2253:. Although outvoted, he still advocated holding elections by 1956. In March 1953, Nasser led the Egyptian delegation negotiating a British withdrawal from the Suez Canal. 1615:

In 1928, Nasser went to Alexandria to live with his maternal grandfather and attend the city's Attarin elementary school. He left in 1929 for a private boarding school in

1396: 1194: 2394: 1937:, the defenders of Faluja, "including young army officer Gamal Abdel Nasser, became national heroes" for enduring Israeli bombardment while isolated from their command. 9206: 2650:

was agitated by Nasser's campaign against the Baghdad Pact. In addition, Nasser's adherence to neutralism regarding the Cold War, recognition of communist China, and

20358: 4615: 4134:, augmented nostalgia for Nasser's presidency, which increasingly became associated with the ideals of national purpose, hope, social cohesion, and vibrant culture. 2993:

of North Yemen was dispatched to Damascus with proposals to include his country in the new republic. Nasser agreed to establish a loose federal union with Yemen—the

2172:. According to Aburish, after assuming power, Nasser and the Free Officers expected to become the "guardians of the people's interests" against the monarchy and the 14406:Šćepanović, Janko. "Unwanted Conflict? The Analysis of the Impact of Misperception, Beliefs and Psychology of President Nasser at the Outbreak of the Six Day War." 4179:(left) and Nasser in the National Assembly, 1964. Sadat succeeded Nasser as president in 1970 and significantly departed from Nasser's policies throughout his rule. 20453: 20393: 14714: 1189: 1119: 3772: 12359: 2954:. Nasser sent a contingent force to Syria as a symbolic display of solidarity, further elevating his prestige in the Arab world, and particularly among Syrians. 1948:

and Nasser personally accompanied him, ordering the Egyptian soldiers to stand at attention. They spoke briefly, and according to Goren, after learning what the

1593:

wrote that Nasser's family believed strongly in the "Arab notion of glory", since the name of Nasser's brother, Izz al-Arab, translates to "Glory of the Arabs".

1124: 1104: 1094: 4029:. During his presidency, ordinary citizens enjoyed unprecedented access to housing, education, jobs, health services and nourishment, as well as other forms of 4692: 1134: 1129: 1114: 1109: 1099: 1089: 18914: 4553: 538: 5676:

East German contacts had advised him on the subject. Nasser, convinced of its authenticity, also encouraged the distribution of the antisemitic fabrication

18345: 15938: 14607: 4845: 2326:

Nasser greeted by crowds in Alexandria one day after his announcement of the British withdrawal and the assassination attempt against him, 27 October 1954.

1905:. Nasser met with and impressed al-Husayni, but was ultimately refused entry to the AHC's forces by the Egyptian government for reasons that were unclear. 8583: 7865: 3067:

Chamoun alleged. Nasser did not covet Lebanon, seeing it as a "special case", but sought to prevent Chamoun from a second presidential term. In Oman, the

2825:

The signing of the regional defense pact between Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria and Jordan, January 1957. At the forefront, from left right: Prime Minister

18393: 17111: 15273: 5808:, the films marked the first biographical movies about contemporary public figures produced in the Arab world. He is portrayed by Amir Boutrous in the 3983:

chanting, "Nasser will never die." As a testament to his unchallenged leadership of the Arab people, following his death, the headline of the Lebanese

14169: 20293: 8608: 3820:

to reclaim territory captured by Israel, ordering attacks against Israeli positions east of the then-blockaded Suez Canal. In March, Nasser offered

20048: 19575: 18325: 15947: 7866:"Couscous Mussolini: US perceptions of Gamal Abdel Nasser, the 1958 intervention in Lebanon and the origins of the US–Israeli special relationship" 6424: 2921: 2249:. Despite the dissolution order, Nasser was the only RCC member who still favored holding parliamentary elections, according to his fellow officer 15251: 11563: 3479:

civilian government. According to Boghdadi, the stress caused by the UAR's collapse and Amer's increasing autonomy forced Nasser, who already had

20313: 17892: 14600: 4963: 4850: 4137:

Until the present day, Nasser serves as an iconic figure throughout the Arab world, a symbol of Arab unity and dignity, and a towering figure in

4103:

Nasser speaking to a homeless Egyptian man and offering him a job, after the man was found sleeping below the stage where Nasser was seated, 1959

2783:. As a result of the Suez Crisis, Nasser brought in a set of regulations imposing rigorous requirements for residency and citizenship as well as 14440:. Bibliotheca Alexandrina and the Gamal Abdel Nasser Foundation. 8 October 2012. An archive of speeches, photos and documents related to Nasser. 2989:

On a surprise visit to Damascus to celebrate the union on 24 February, Nasser was welcomed by crowds in the hundreds of thousands. Crown Prince

2871:

influence by attempting to transform King Saud into a counterweight. Also in January, the elected Jordanian prime minister and Nasser supporter

1634:. Nasser was arrested and detained for a night before his father bailed him out. Nasser joined the paramilitary wing of the group, known as the 20268: 20134: 17643: 17452: 16321: 12330: 10865: 5662: 5558: 3731: 2736: 1635: 5793:. The film set the Egyptian box office record at the time, and focused on Nasser during the Suez Crisis. It is also considered a milestone in 3284: 1961:

monarchy. Nasser had also felt bitter that his brigade had not been relieved despite the resilience it displayed. He started writing his book

17141: 16588: 14888: 14752: 14730: 14719: 14704: 14561: 14170:"Nasser's Educators and Agitators across al-Watan al-'Arabi: Tracing the Foreign Policy Importance of Egyptian Regional Migration, 1952–1967" 5745:(ANM) helped spread Nasser's pan-Arabist ideas throughout the Arab world, particularly among the Palestinians, Syrians, and Lebanese, and in 3887: 2898:

By the end of 1957, Nasser nationalized all remaining British and French assets in Egypt, including the tobacco, cement, pharmaceutical, and

1154: 621: 576: 2602:

was established, elections for which were held in July 1957. Nasser had ultimate approval over all the candidates. The constitution granted

1968:

After the war, Nasser returned to his role as an instructor at the Royal Military Academy. He sent emissaries to forge an alliance with the

1184: 20423: 20124: 11955: 8344: 6377:

Jenkins, Loren; article, Washington Post Foreign Service; Washington Post correspondent Edward Cody contributed to this (11 October 1981).

4949: 4620: 4548: 2784: 1709:

Aburish asserts that Nasser was not distressed by his frequent relocations, which broadened his horizons and showed him Egyptian society's

20383: 20098: 18985: 12436: 12303: 11440: 5235: 5713:, 1969. Nimeiry and Gaddafi were influenced by Nasser's pan-Arabist ideas and the latter sought to succeed him as "leader of the Arabs". 2139:

attacks on British forces occupying the Suez Canal Zone, some 7,000 British soldiers attacked the main police station in the Canal city

20363: 20308: 20258: 20088: 17096: 16524: 5375: 3859:

were tantamount to surrender. Following Nasser's acceptance, Israel agreed to a ceasefire and Nasser used the lull in fighting to move

2791:. Some 25,000 Jews, almost half of the Jewish community, left in 1956, mainly for Israel, Europe, the United States and South America. 20443: 20348: 20263: 20177: 17091: 15085: 14992: 6135: 6105: 5921:

for six weeks after the second episode. State media reported that Nasser's absence from the public view at that time was a result of

4531: 3866:

Meanwhile, tensions in Jordan between an increasingly autonomous PLO and King Hussein's government had been simmering; following the

3749: 3472: 1690: 1511: 1044: 986: 15145: 13410:

James, Laura M. (2008), "When Did Nasser Expect War? The Suez Nationalization and its Aftermath in Egypt", in Simon C. Smith (ed.),

1514:, began a process of depoliticizing the military, and issued a set of political liberalization reforms. After the conclusion of the 20323: 20129: 18162: 17221: 17151: 17116: 15931: 12467: 12385: 3341: 2554: 11163: 1857:, whom the United Kingdom government felt would be more sympathetic to their war effort against the Axis. The British Ambassador, 20403: 20388: 19565: 18209: 17081: 2522:. At Bandung, Nasser sought a proclamation for the avoidance of international defense alliances, support for the independence of 5725:

system of government was continued in Egypt and emulated by virtually all Arab republics, namely Algeria, Syria, Iraq, Tunisia,

4749: 1589:. His parents had married in 1917. Nasser had two brothers, Izz al-Arab and al-Leithi. Nasser's biographers Robert Stephens and 20373: 20058: 18330: 16593: 15266: 14623: 6062: 5543: 2289: 2178: 1940:

Still stationed after the war in the Faluja enclave, Nasser agreed to an Israeli request to identify 67 killed soldiers of the

1714: 1403: 1293: 9066:"Building a Model While Debunking Another: The Rivalry of Arab Nationalism between 'Abd al-Karim Qasim and Gamal Abdel Nasser" 5873:

Abd al-Hakim, b. 1955. Appears regularly in Egyptian and regional media, heads the museum dedicated to the life of his father.

3528:

were imprisoned, including dozens of military officers. Nasser's tilt toward a Soviet-style system led his aides Boghdadi and

3119:(RCC) favored Iraqi-UAR unity, Qasim sought to keep Iraq independent and resented Nasser's large popular base in the country. 1179: 20053: 17988: 17675: 17653: 14396:

Salem, Sara. "Four Women of Egypt: Memory, Geopolitics, and the Egyptian Women's Movement during the Nasser and Sadat Eras."

14338: 14315: 14293: 14271: 14246: 14224: 14159: 14137: 14115: 14091: 14060: 14036: 14014: 13992: 13970: 13943: 13918: 13900: 13882: 13864: 13834: 13805: 13783: 13765: 13743: 13721: 13695: 13666: 13646: 13626: 13608: 13584: 13562: 13540: 13518: 13487: 13445: 13423: 13401: 13376: 13342: 13317: 13291: 13273: 13251: 13227: 13209: 13191: 13173: 13153: 13128: 13103: 13081: 13059: 13041: 13019: 12997: 12979: 12954: 12932: 12906: 12884: 12862: 12840: 12816: 12798: 12771: 12746: 12724: 12699: 12677: 12655: 12633: 12611: 12589: 12560: 11821: 11794: 11763: 11227: 11013: 10699: 10072: 9244: 9195: 7127: 5574: 4315: 3874:

was launched to rout out PLO forces. The offensive elevated risks of a regional war and prompted Nasser to hold an emergency

3840:

while receiving the financial backing of various Arab states. The war resumed in March 1969. In November, Nasser brokered an

3578:

In mid May 1967, the Soviet Union issued warnings to Nasser of an impending Israeli attack on Syria, although Chief of Staff

2708: 2546:. He succeeded in lobbying the attendees to pass resolutions on each of these issues, notably securing the strong support of 1647: 19076: 16719: 1537:

also encouraged and coincided with an Egyptian cultural boom, and the launching of large industrial projects, including the

20433: 18895: 18820: 18480: 18080: 16759: 13070:

A History of Social Justice and Political Power in the Middle East: The Circle of Justice From Mesopotamia to Globalization

5454: 4427: 4417: 4370: 4360: 4131: 3227: 2143:. In the ensuing battle, which lasted two hours, 50 Egyptian policeman were killed, sparking outrage across Egypt, and the 15916: 4138: 3554: 3183:, political, and military elites. In response to Syria's worsening economy, which Nasser attributed to its control by the 2185:

was put into effect. In Nasser's eyes, this law gave the RCC its own identity and transformed the coup into a revolution.

1981:

with Israel, and reportedly considered the terms to be humiliating, particularly because the Israelis were able to easily

20333: 20093: 18500: 17633: 17131: 17076: 15924: 15664: 15644: 15609: 12092: 11130: 5678: 4957: 4870: 4536: 4447: 4410: 4084: 4076: 3836:

comprising the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Nasser effectively ceded his leadership of the "Palestine issue" to Arafat.

3567: 3116: 2883:

antagonistic as the latter began to fear that Nasser's increasing popularity in Saudi Arabia was a genuine threat to the

1377: 24: 17742: 17670: 11500: 2658:

Nasser was informed of the British–American withdrawal in a news statement while aboard a plane returning to Cairo from

1780:, to whom Nasser expressed his gratitude in a 1961 newspaper interview. He was especially influenced by Egyptian writer 20428: 20182: 19535: 18630: 17608: 17493: 17447: 17442: 17388: 17071: 16314: 14216: 13120: 12738: 12716: 12691: 12647: 6042: 5655: 5568: 5155: 4739: 4526: 4494: 4472: 4432: 4330: 3467:

Following Syria's secession, Nasser grew concerned with Amer's inability to train and modernize the army, and with the

2772: 1281: 8225: 4083:, a major opposition force during Mubarak's rule. On 19 September 2012, four Nasserist parties (the ADNP, Karama, the 2946:

Despite his popularity with the people of the Arab world, by mid-1957 his only regional ally was Syria. In September,

20368: 20328: 19267: 18830: 18100: 18041: 17213: 17136: 15259: 14881: 14745: 14644: 5548: 4863: 4759: 4672: 4543: 3805: 3318: 3171:

exclaimed that he was the elected president of the UAR and those who did not accept his authority could "walk away".

2250: 2053:

interrogation, and subsequently released Nasser. The interrogation pushed Nasser to speed up his group's activities.

2017: 853: 168: 17838: 4056:, comedy, poetry, and music. Egypt under Nasser dominated the Arab world in these fields, producing cultural icons. 2506:

on the way to Bandung, and previously cemented a treaty of friendship with India in Cairo on 6 April, strengthening

20303: 18970: 18965: 18460: 18423: 18152: 17598: 17001: 16993: 16657: 15951: 15297: 15281: 13856: 6115: 4771: 4645: 4477: 4457: 3796: 3586:

On 21 May, Amer asked Nasser to order the Straits of Tiran blockaded, a move Nasser believed Israel would use as a

2796: 1534: 490: 18648: 18510: 18194: 12493: 4840: 2678:

as a means to fund the Aswan Dam project in light of the British–American withdrawal. In the speech, he denounced

20418: 19690: 19071: 19000: 18900: 18778: 18550: 18540: 18127: 17514: 14786: 8349: 6085: 6049: 5385: 4798: 4764: 4299: 4217: 4064: 3310: 2732: 1257: 1252: 1245: 18465: 18352: 18340: 16739: 11292: 9018:"Accommodating to a working relationship: Arab Nationalism and US Cold War policies in the Middle East, 1958–60" 3967:

Almost immediately after the procession began, mourners engulfed Nasser's coffin chanting, "There is no God but

1363: 20283: 20278: 19121: 18890: 18470: 18372: 18105: 17549: 17544: 17161: 16923: 16517: 14938: 14699: 13962: 13265: 12622:

Land, Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalization: Perspectives from Developing and Transition Countries

12245:"Syrian History - Gamal Abdul Nasser during the union years, practicing his favorite hobby: photography - 1960" 8587: 6035: 5230: 5220: 4880: 4808: 4588: 4482: 2776: 2463: 2057: 2033: 2003: 1846: 1419:(15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970) was an Egyptian military officer and politician who served as the second 1027: 18790: 18520: 18031: 17803: 14760: 13331:

The Cairo Documents: The Inside Story of Nasser and His Relationship with World Leaders, Rebels, and Statesmen

11469: 5737:

in 1969, considered Nasser his hero and sought to succeed him as "leader of the Arabs". Also in 1969, Colonel

829: 20068: 19083: 19036: 18800: 18723: 18455: 16307: 16223: 7179:

Israeli TV, "Such a Life" 1971, interviewing Rabbi Shlomo Goren along with witnesses to the event (in Hebrew)

5710: 5648: 5612: 5507: 5449: 5145: 4895: 4578: 3501: 3361: 2981:

of North Yemen (center) and Shukri al-Quwatli (right), February 1958. North Yemen joined the UAR to form the

2587: 2080: 1664: 1627: 1335: 18515: 18224: 18147: 17818: 16729: 16709: 16689: 4130:

sensed in Egypt and all Arab countries today". General malaise in Egyptian society, particularly during the

3279: 2318:

Nasser ... Gamal Abdel Nasser is of you and from you and he is willing to sacrifice his life for the nation.

20458: 20438: 20378: 20318: 20273: 19101: 19061: 19031: 18980: 18840: 18758: 18754: 18625: 18555: 18320: 18137: 17903: 17798: 17730: 17106: 17066: 17056: 16605: 14874: 14738: 14200: 13826: 11531: 11195: 5959: 5496: 4803: 4776: 4593: 4501: 4489: 3867: 3521: 3321:(PLO). In practice, Nasser used the PLO to wield control over the Palestinian fedayeen. Its head was to be 3122:

In the fall of 1958, Nasser formed a tripartite committee consisting of Zakaria Mohieddin, al-Hawrani, and

2643: 2599: 2487: 1324: 971: 763: 16622: 12281: 3252:

of their coming victory. Nasser later remarked in 1968 that intervention in Yemen was a "miscalculation".

3150:

Relations between Nasser and Qasim grew increasingly bitter on 9 March, after Qasim's forces suppressed a

3058:

In Lebanon, clashes between pro-Nasser factions and supporters of staunch Nasser opponent, then-President

1849:, British soldiers and tanks surrounded King Farouk's palace to compel the King to dismiss Prime Minister 1490:

cause, by 1963 Nasser's supporters gained power in several Arab countries, but he became embroiled in the

20343: 20243: 20073: 19545: 19540: 19257: 18935: 18663: 18408: 18367: 18311: 18214: 18095: 18053: 17958: 17483: 17437: 17231: 17061: 17051: 15579: 15519: 15489: 14919: 14901: 14775: 14418:

The rise of the Egyptian middle class: socio-economic mobility and public discontent from Nasser to Sadat

13797: 13735: 6110: 5533: 4442: 4225: 4160: 3678:

is with you, and let your hearts be with me. May God be with us—hope, light, and guidance in our hearts.

3102:

overthrew the Iraqi monarchy and, the next day, Iraqi prime minister and Nasser's chief Arab antagonist,

2539: 2114: 1789: 1570: 1424: 57: 20413: 20398: 20338: 20288: 20195: 19910: 19131: 19116: 19106: 18960: 18560: 18048: 17851: 17618: 17202: 17195: 17126: 16805: 16567: 16057: 14052: 13757: 13576: 13260:

Gordon, Joel (2000), "Nasser 56/Cairo 96: Reimaging Egypt's Lost Community", in Walter Armbrust (ed.),

13095: 12946: 12898: 12854: 12669: 11573: 9022: 7870: 6323: 6092: 6056: 4943: 4390: 1934: 1222: 14947: 2322: 20353: 20298: 20139: 20015: 19960: 19780: 18768: 18475: 18036: 17648: 17565: 17355: 17156: 17046: 16943: 16632: 16610: 16510: 15754: 15634: 15624: 15544: 15514: 15321: 14107: 12876: 9065: 8548: 5742: 5518: 5390: 4560: 4355: 4350: 4343: 4185: 3960: 3871: 3256: 2543: 2507: 1978: 1941: 1894: 1882: 1773: 1288: 1017: 899: 753: 16426: 14579: 14411: 13030:

The Limits of Detente: The United States, the Soviet Union, and the Arab–Israeli Conflict, 1969–1973

10875: 5779:, considered a hero in the Arab world, and Nasser and his pan-Arabist policies. Nasser is played by 2304:

Sound recording of 1954 assassination attempt on Nasser while he was addressing a crowd in Manshia,

19765: 19332: 18595: 18485: 18239: 17783: 16664: 15639: 15574: 15013: 13510: 13437: 13368: 13326: 13202:

Nasser's Gamble: How Intervention in Yemen Caused the Six-Day War and the Decline of Egyptian Power

12924: 9234: 6288: 6071: 5830:

Nasser and his family in Manshiyat al-Bakri, 1963. From left to right, his daughter Mona, his wife

5801:

as the first film to dramatize the role of a modern-day Arab leader. Together with the 1999 Syrian

5579: 5563: 5513: 5395: 4890: 4452: 4325: 4294: 2787:, mostly affecting British and French nationals and Jews with foreign nationality, as well as many 2663: 2651: 2595: 2475: 2471: 2435: 2168:

On 18 June 1953, the monarchy was abolished and the Republic of Egypt declared, with Naguib as its

2149: 1902: 1623: 1444: 1233: 1159: 1032: 19505: 14961: 13304:

Hollywood in the Holy Land: Essays on Film Depictions of the Crusades and Christian-Muslim Clashes

1502:

after his political opponents were banned from running. Following Egypt's defeat by Israel in the

20408: 18995: 18940: 18925: 18865: 18673: 18653: 18413: 18090: 17695: 17317: 17236: 17021: 16466: 16330: 16238: 16157: 16127: 15289: 14486: 14083: 12971: 6867: 6620: 6028: 5528: 5280: 5130: 5017: 4521: 4462: 4365: 4289: 3926: 3901: 3875: 3809: 3785: 3714: 3616: 3604: 3579: 3248: 1515: 1269: 1000: 249: 138: 20: 17898: 11965: 11913: 9017: 6863: 2446:, causing it to strengthen its relations with Israel and become more wary of Egypt as a result. 2188:

Preceding the reform law, in August 1952, communist-led riots broke out at textile factories in

19785: 19289: 18683: 18357: 17833: 17593: 17588: 17381: 16744: 16356: 16288: 15997: 15669: 15659: 15351: 15076: 14529: 14389:

McNamara, Robert. "The Nasser factor: Anglo-Egyptian relations and Yemen/Aden crisis 1962–65."

6616: 5906: 5771: 5753:, and Iraq. While many regional heads of state tried to emulate Nasser, Podeh opined that the " 5538: 5501: 5070: 4687: 4682: 4516: 4511: 4467: 4422: 4400: 4395: 4375: 4088: 3860: 3841: 3608: 3159: 3002: 2467: 2343:

by decreeing that all publications had to be approved by the party to prevent "sedition". Both

1546: 1330: 1304: 1240: 978: 812: 123: 19995: 14046: 12444: 11786: 11780: 10689: 6417: 6318: 1933:

and Egypt finally resulted in the ceding of Faluja to Israel. According to veteran journalist

1655:

reported that Nasser led the protest and was among the wounded. On 12 December, the new king,

1522:

drew five to six million mourners, and prompted an outpouring of grief across the Arab world.

1276: 20020: 19304: 19299: 19066: 18955: 18910: 18870: 18805: 18749: 18668: 18450: 18264: 18142: 18060: 17968: 17933: 17843: 17788: 17685: 17526: 17302: 17036: 17031: 16908: 16888: 16699: 16669: 16446: 16072: 16037: 15729: 15594: 15554: 15173: 14983: 13875:

Political Leaders of the Contemporary Middle East and North Africa: A Biographical Dictionary

13713: 13636: 13334: 13309: 13163: 13033: 12755: 12552: 10064: 7117: 5914: 5877:

Although he was a proponent of secular politics, Nasser was an observant Muslim who made the

5814: 5638: 5466: 5245: 4933: 4923: 4913: 4835: 4818: 4640: 4630: 4610: 4605: 4506: 4437: 4385: 4380: 4247: 4213: 4072: 3950: 3845: 3505: 3274:

in Iraq led by a Ba'athist–Nasserist alliance toppled Qasim, who was subsequently shot dead.

3264: 3240: 3234:

Nasser's regional position changed unexpectedly when Yemeni officers led by Nasser supporter

3209: 3106:, was killed. The entire Iraqi royal family was killed, and Al-Said's and Iraqi crown prince 2959: 2951: 2385: 1898: 1862: 1491: 1389: 1074: 1022: 871: 186: 3832:

that month. He also advised Arafat to think of peace with Israel and the establishment of a

3667: 3516:, greater women's rights and a family planning program, as well as widening the Suez Canal. 2741: 2726:

reporting Nasser's nationalization of the Suez Canal and both domestic and Western reactions

2147:

riots which left 76 people dead. Afterwards, Nasser published a simple six-point program in

2123:

Leaders of Egypt following the ouster of King Farouk, November 1952. Seated, left to right:

1678: 20253: 20248: 19560: 19327: 19182: 19136: 19051: 19046: 18845: 18744: 18693: 18688: 18580: 18535: 18490: 18428: 18259: 18234: 18184: 18112: 18026: 17876: 17478: 17457: 17337: 17307: 17267: 17262: 17166: 17041: 16878: 16376: 16263: 16233: 16198: 16152: 16087: 16017: 15982: 15946: 15904: 15779: 15474: 15411: 15381: 15361: 15346: 15331: 15136: 15034: 15001: 14972: 14845: 14689: 14285: 12713:

The Dispersion of Egyptian Jewry: Culture, Politics, and the Formation of a Modern Diaspora

10803: 5985: 5622: 5429: 5380: 5325: 5083: 5023: 4908: 4697: 4014: 3980: 3938: 3930: 3757: 3468: 3353: 2967: 2912: 2834: 2775:

condemned the tripartite invasion, and supported UN resolutions demanding withdrawal and a

2427: 2422:

would not supply Egypt under acceptable financial and military terms, Nasser turned to the

2389: 2364: 2213:(left) during celebrations marking the second anniversary of the 1952 revolution, July 1954 2182: 2021: 1814: 1761: 1475: 1428: 1320: 1059: 858: 743: 192: 14148:

Bandung Revisited: The Legacy of the 1955 Asian-African Conference for International Order

11048: 3848:

that granted Palestinian guerrillas the right to use Lebanese territory to attack Israel.

2950:

massed along the Syrian border, giving credence to rumors that the Baghdad Pact countries

2674:

On 26 July 1956, Nasser gave a speech in Alexandria announcing the nationalization of the

2574: 1218: 8: 20005: 19920: 19915: 19815: 19678: 19475: 19359: 19274: 19162: 19015: 19010: 18990: 18975: 18885: 18880: 18785: 18718: 18708: 18620: 18615: 18605: 18505: 18445: 18418: 18244: 18229: 18199: 18177: 17963: 17953: 17680: 17603: 17573: 17557: 17327: 16684: 16617: 16476: 15524: 15225: 14592: 14069:

Stillman, Norman A. (2005). "Nasser, Gamal Abdel (1918–1970)". In Richard S. Levy (ed.).

14006: 13243: 12790: 5864: 5835: 5471: 5370: 5363: 5054: 4734: 4677: 4635: 4221: 4201: 3985: 3719: 3593: 3571: 3406: 3244: 3151: 3083: 3074: 3063: 2895:, Nasser maintained his prestige among their citizens and those of other Arab countries. 2872: 2867: 2826: 2603: 2340: 1949: 1909: 1850: 1765: 1669: 799: 18860: 18773: 16273: 14306:

America's Great Game: The CIA's Secret Arabists and the Making of the Modern Middle East

12396: 4172: 3427:(scholars) as a counterweight to the Brotherhood's Islamic influence, starting in 1953. 2863:", despite Nasser's objection to the label (he preferred the term "Arab nationalists"). 2578:

Nasser submitting his vote for the referendum of the proposed constitution, 23 June 1956

1525:

Nasser remains an iconic figure in the Arab world, particularly for his strides towards

20159: 19955: 19940: 19865: 19845: 19840: 19825: 19672: 19420: 19172: 19056: 18810: 18713: 18698: 18610: 18600: 18575: 18570: 18335: 18289: 18204: 18189: 18132: 17948: 17871: 17747: 17638: 17628: 17332: 17312: 17272: 17188: 17171: 17146: 16764: 16754: 16734: 16704: 16679: 16411: 16218: 16012: 15604: 15534: 15479: 15464: 15406: 15306: 15209: 15199: 14897: 14768: 14461: 14356:

Nation Building, State Building, and Economic Development: Case Studies and Comparisons

14304: 14252: 14192: 13814: 13706: 13656: 13415: 13302: 12917: 12519: 11909: 11658: 11536: 11505: 11200: 10418: 9093: 9039: 7895: 6405: 5843: 5831: 5780: 5439: 5265: 5250: 5093: 4976: 4971: 4918: 4828: 4598: 4001: 3612: 3513: 3509: 3372: 3303: 3271: 3235: 3123: 3111: 3091: 3030: 2998: 2994: 2982: 2851: 2723: 2683:

19 October 1954, although he ensured that all existing stockholders would be paid off.

2675: 2535: 2479: 2169: 2162: 2089: 2049: 1969: 1890: 1459: 1432: 1420: 1064: 889: 723: 73: 19855: 19684: 16948: 16147: 5330: 5160: 3896:

Nasser's funeral procession attended by five million mourners in Cairo, 1 October 1970

20172: 20025: 19970: 19945: 19900: 19830: 19805: 19770: 19760: 19729: 19616: 19500: 19470: 19207: 19197: 19111: 19005: 18850: 18565: 18362: 18219: 18172: 18070: 18021: 17995: 17973: 17813: 17793: 17737: 17725: 17539: 17374: 17292: 16983: 16918: 16833: 16813: 16366: 16361: 16299: 16193: 16162: 16112: 15894:

headed a government in rebellion, July–September 1882, beginning during Raghib's term

15789: 15724: 15619: 15182: 15126: 15115: 15055: 15050: 15045: 14956: 14928: 14910: 14694: 14679: 14664: 14334: 14311: 14289: 14267: 14242: 14220: 14196: 14155: 14133: 14111: 14101: 14087: 14056: 14032: 14010: 13988: 13966: 13956: 13939: 13914: 13896: 13878: 13860: 13840: 13830: 13822: 13801: 13779: 13761: 13739: 13717: 13691: 13662: 13642: 13622: 13604: 13594: 13580: 13558: 13536: 13514: 13496: 13483: 13463: 13441: 13419: 13397: 13372: 13338: 13313: 13287: 13269: 13247: 13237: 13223: 13205: 13187: 13169: 13149: 13124: 13112: 13099: 13077: 13055: 13037: 13015: 12993: 12975: 12950: 12928: 12902: 12880: 12858: 12836: 12812: 12794: 12784: 12767: 12742: 12720: 12695: 12673: 12666:

The Struggle for Kirkuk: The Rise of Hussein, Oil, and the Death of Tolerance in Iraq

12651: 12629: 12607: 12585: 12556: 12531: 12051: 11817: 11790: 11759: 11541: 11375: 11297: 11232: 11205: 10695: 10685: 10068: 10057: 9240: 9097: 9085: 9043: 7899: 7887: 7123: 6386: 5802: 5489: 5225: 5005: 4875: 4786: 4754: 4712: 4232: 4026: 3833: 3829: 3628: 3620: 3559: 3529: 3480: 3417:, and to ensure its prominence over the Muslim Brotherhood and the more conservative 3389: 3385: 3022: 2963: 2879: 2830: 2348: 2246: 2041: 2013: 1754: 1742: 1596:

Nasser's family traveled frequently due to his father's work. In 1921, they moved to

1586: 1562: 1345: 201: 117: 20149: 19820: 16486: 16391: 15445: 15437: 12386:"Senarai Penuh Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 1965" 12331:"Verleihungsliste zum Orden "Großer Stern der Völkerfreundschaft" von 1964 bis 1989" 6349: 5694: 2045: 20221: 19935: 19860: 19790: 19775: 19755: 19702: 19485: 19480: 19460: 19410: 19400: 19227: 19192: 19177: 19126: 18855: 18795: 18635: 18294: 18274: 17983: 17925: 17919: 17886: 17866: 17856: 17705: 17506: 17498: 17226: 16933: 16898: 16868: 16863: 16838: 16647: 16533: 16441: 16228: 16188: 15992: 15849: 15834: 15784: 15649: 15614: 15589: 15564: 15559: 15549: 15539: 15504: 15494: 15121: 15094: 15066: 15018: 14827: 14669: 14649: 14184: 14028: 13532: 13011: 12473: 11650: 11302: 11237: 9077: 9031: 7879: 6252: 6246: 6162: 6130: 5902: 5683: 5315: 5260: 5200: 5065: 4823: 4667: 4625: 4320: 4018: 3905: 3817: 3789: 3781: 3650:

According to Sadat, it was only when the Israelis cut off the Egyptian garrison at

3563: 3459:

into mainstream Islam; for centuries prior, al-Azhar deemed them to be "heretics".

3345: 3313:

in Cairo to establish a unified Arab response against Israel's plans to divert the

3275: 3223: 3164: 3138: 3099: 3087: 3068: 3018: 2978: 2780: 2687: 2562: 2454: 2439: 2352: 2073: 2068: 2025: 1854: 1827: 1631: 1620: 1530: 1507: 848: 174: 162: 16406: 16401: 16396: 16097: 15007: 14188: 12943:

The Dynamics of Coercion: American Foreign Policy and the Limits of Military Might

11654: 11639:"The Politics of Laughter: Nasser, Sadat, and Mubarek in Egyptian Political Jokes" 11027: 9081: 7188: 3975:

world. Over a dozen people were killed in Beirut as a result of the chaos, and in

3328:

After years of foreign policy coordination and developing ties, Nasser, President

2614: 1300: 20154: 20010: 20000: 19985: 19965: 19950: 19925: 19870: 19635: 19603: 19495: 19455: 19217: 19212: 19152: 19093: 18825: 18703: 18530: 18495: 18403: 18398: 18122: 18016: 17690: 17623: 17613: 17578: 17534: 17521: 17473: 17277: 17246: 17241: 17086: 17026: 16973: 16903: 16883: 16858: 16848: 16749: 16627: 16341: 16283: 16268: 16213: 16107: 16067: 16052: 15674: 15654: 15599: 15584: 15231: 15214: 15060: 15023: 14554: 14354:

Beattie, Kirk J. "Nasser's Egypt: A Quest for National Power and Prosperity." in

14129: 13675: 13504: 12826: 12786:

Crossing Mandelbaum Gate: Coming of Age Between the Arabs and Israelis, 1956–1978

12603: 12573: 12546: 12360:"Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun Ritarikunnan Suurristin Ketjuineen Ulkomaalaiset Saajat" 11811: 11756:

Among the Righteous: Lost Stories from the Holocaust's Long Reach Into Arab lands

11723: 11568: 11018: 11009: 10911: 10407:"The Khartoum Conference and Egyptian Policy after the 1967 War: A Reexamination" 8615: 7883: 6864:"The Books Gamal Abdel Nasser Used to Read, 1. During his Secondary School Years" 6354: 6276: 6156: 6005: 5971: 5941: 5847: 5794: 5766: 5730: 5702: 5607: 5305: 5240: 5215: 5210: 5195: 5185: 5175: 5150: 4928: 4903: 4049: 3934: 3900:

As the Arab League summit closed on 28 September 1970, hours after escorting the

3651: 3381: 3337: 3219: 3192: 3107: 3059: 2821: 2748: 2558: 2459: 2293:

Liberation organization in Alexandria invitation to Nasser speech 26 October 1954

2119: 1781: 1656: 1455: 1264: 919: 602: 180: 18117: 14401: 13262:

Mass Mediations: New Approaches to Popular Culture in the Middle East and Beyond

5275: 3892: 19980: 19905: 19895: 19890: 19750: 19490: 19279: 19202: 18930: 18835: 18585: 18525: 18157: 18075: 17978: 17938: 17908: 17808: 17763: 17282: 17121: 17016: 17011: 16978: 16968: 16958: 16928: 16853: 16843: 16724: 16652: 16547: 16481: 16431: 16421: 16351: 16208: 16167: 16092: 16077: 16047: 16007: 16002: 15987: 15967: 15839: 15824: 15799: 15764: 15709: 15699: 15679: 15220: 15194: 15110: 15099: 15039: 14815: 14799: 14684: 14634: 14571: 14504: 14454: 14437: 13385: 13360: 12963: 11496: 6077: 5738: 5734: 5698: 5434: 5350: 5340: 5335: 5170: 5112: 4744: 4405: 4276: 4272: 4205: 4152: 4068: 4030: 4022: 4009:(standing in front of Nasser) with a national honors prize for literature, 1959 3946: 3909: 3322: 3179:

Opposition to the union mounted among some of Syria's key elements, namely the

3014: 2838: 2679: 2668: 2431: 2258: 2210: 2189: 2128: 2124: 2098: 2085: 2029: 1982: 1710: 1526: 1483: 1436: 1314: 647: 614: 473: 229: 210: 156: 16456: 16253: 16248: 12578:

Pan-African History: Political Figures from Africa and the Diaspora since 1787

11138: 9035: 8291: 5958:, in 2, no. 2 (Win. 73): 3–32 (First English translation, 1973, pdf-file from 3828:

movement arms and funds after their performance against Israeli forces in the

3230:

in Alexandria, September 1964. Ben Bella and Aref were close allies of Nasser.

2942:

Newsreel clip about Nasser and Quwatli's establishment of United Arab Republic

2887:'s survival. Despite opposition from the governments of Jordan, Saudi Arabia, 2626:

to celebrate the final British military withdrawal from the country, June 1956

2105:, publicized his victory while praising the nationalistic spirit of the army. 20237: 20144: 19990: 19885: 19850: 19835: 19795: 19337: 19167: 18905: 18815: 18678: 18658: 18545: 18306: 18284: 18249: 17828: 17823: 17778: 17700: 17660: 17409: 17287: 16913: 16893: 16828: 16780: 16694: 16471: 16461: 16386: 16243: 16142: 16122: 16102: 16062: 15977: 15844: 15829: 15774: 15759: 15739: 15529: 15484: 15401: 15396: 15376: 15204: 15188: 15028: 14866: 14833: 14821: 14544: 14327: 13952: 13680: 13600: 13467: 12535: 11960: 11474: 10870: 9089: 7891: 6390: 6328: 5949: 5898: 5784: 5602: 5523: 5407: 5300: 5285: 5255: 5135: 4885: 4142: 4021:

under his leadership. One of Nasser's main domestic efforts was to establish

3990: 3956: 3917: 3821: 3801: 3644: 3599: 3377: 3294: 3214: 3180: 2884: 2812: 2788: 2419: 2402: 2398: 2217: 1873: 1858: 1800: 1777: 1750: 1495: 659: 290: 15429: 13844: 12244: 5889: 4791: 2744:

to take over the Suez Canal, occupy the Suez Canal zone, and topple Nasser.

1865:

various branches and presented Nasser with a complete file on each of them.

20209: 19930: 19880: 19810: 19800: 19654: 19642: 19629: 19435: 19262: 18763: 18011: 17861: 17720: 17715: 17710: 17416: 17322: 16963: 16823: 16818: 16674: 16600: 16552: 16491: 16451: 16371: 16132: 16022: 15819: 15814: 15629: 15569: 15356: 15336: 15326: 14839: 14709: 13459: 13137: 12542: 12527: 11168: 5910: 5754: 5750: 5617: 5476: 5417: 5320: 5205: 5190: 5028: 4719: 4263: 4255: 4209: 4117: 4006: 3722:, which, according to Abd al Azim Ramadan, left only one option—a war with 3656: 3495:

Nasser being sworn in for a second term as Egypt's president, 25 March 1965

3314: 3288: 3267:

defected to Egypt, along with the Jordanian chief of staff, in early 1963.

3260: 3128: 3103: 3006: 2947: 2647: 2598:

on 23 June and each was approved by an overwhelming majority. A 350-member

2519: 2443: 2423: 2409: 2278: 1945: 1918: 1805: 1769: 1590: 1550: 1440: 1310: 1229: 13776:

The Decline of Arab Unity: The Rise and Fall of the United Arabic Republic

13220:

Syria and the Doctrine of Arab Neutralism: From Independence to Dependence

4813: 3524:(ASU). With these measures came more domestic repression, as thousands of 3082:(to Nasser's right) at the Syrian–Lebanese border during talks to end the 2553:

Following Bandung, Nasser officially adopted the "positive neutralism" of

1929:

went unheeded, but the brigade refused to surrender. Negotiations between

19975: 19580: 19550: 19405: 19395: 19294: 19157: 18950: 18439: 18269: 18254: 18065: 17913: 17881: 17768: 17583: 17488: 17427: 16938: 16795: 16642: 16637: 16583: 16562: 16436: 16258: 16203: 16183: 16117: 16082: 15882: 15809: 15769: 15749: 15391: 15366: 15316: 14809: 14674: 14659: 14654: 14471: 13984: 13935: 13927: 13687: 13554: 13500: 13479: 13393: 13142:

Security Sector Transformation in Southeastern Europe and the Middle East

12832: 12708: 6125: 6120: 5798: 5746: 5310: 5011: 4724: 4660: 4176: 4156: 4034: 3852: 3588: 3549: 3491: 3448: 3414: 3393: 3302:, April 1964. In front of Nasser and giving a salute is Yemeni President 3184: 3132: 3079: 2875:

brought Jordan into a military pact with Egypt, Syria, and Saudi Arabia.

2846: 2760: 2704: 2503: 2414: 2359: 2344: 2332: 2270: 1957: 1926: 1831: 1578: 1503: 1487: 1463: 1069: 1054: 775: 430: 241: 14370:

The Roots of Revolt: A Political Economy of Egypt from Nasser to Mubarak

14213:

Containing Arab Nationalism: The Eisenhower Doctrine and the Middle East

13527:

Kyle, Keith (2001), "Britain's Slow March to Suez", in David Tal (ed.),

11782:

The Changing Face of Antisemitism: From Ancient Times to the Present Day

8292:

Nasser 1956 speech mocking the media and the British denunciation of him

3287:

Nasser's supporters from the officers corps. A failed counter-coup by a

2401:

by Israeli aircraft in early September. The Israelis re-militarized the

2281:

attempted to mend relations between Nasser and Naguib, but to no avail.

19734: 19445: 19415: 19369: 19284: 19252: 19244: 19187: 18875: 18590: 18279: 18167: 17773: 16873: 16790: 16785: 16714: 16381: 16278: 16042: 16027: 15804: 15794: 15744: 15421: 15386: 15371: 15341: 15105: 14967: 14263: 14238: 13412:

Reassessing Suez 1956: New Perspectives on the Crisis and Its Aftermath

11662: 11638: 10808: 10422: 8340: 5775:("Saladin The Victorious"), which intentionally drew parallels between 5584: 5412: 5295: 5290: 5270: 5180: 5165: 5140: 5088: 4938: 4729: 4655: 3767: 3760:

to liberalization, although its promises would largely go unfulfilled.

3636: 3436: 2635: 2619: 2305: 2222: 2144: 2064: 1569:, Egypt on 15 January 1918, a year before the tumultuous events of the 1566: 1471: 1451: 719: 36: 18388: 13794:

Rethinking Nasserism: Revolution and Historical Memory in Modern Egypt

12478: 10406: 8220: 8218: 5994: 3278:, a Nasserist, was chosen to be the new president. A similar alliance 2799:

claimed the crisis "established Nasser finally and completely" as the

2594:

Nasser's nomination for the post and the new constitution were put to

2008: 1738: 1474:

under his leadership increased, culminating with the formation of the

20030: 19875: 19724: 19697: 19510: 19465: 19374: 19342: 19322: 19314: 18643: 18433: 16557: 16137: 15719: 14584: 14519: 14151: 13596:

Faith Misplaced: The Broken Promise of U.S.-Arab Relations: 1820–2001

13145: 13073: 12851:

Shaping Strategy: The Civil-military Politics of Strategic Assessment

12763: 12625: 12581: 12569: 11445: 11172: 5922: 5789: 5461: 5078: 5048: 5043: 4583: 4204:

and Islamist critics in Egypt, including the founding members of the

4060: 3976: 3942: 3640: 3432: 3418: 3333: 3299: 3291:

followed, after which Nasser condemned the Ba'athists as "fascists".

2990: 2899: 2860: 2816: 2752: 2692: 2623: 2491: 2274: 2154: 1914: 1878: 1746: 1718: 1538: 1486:

measures and modernization reforms in Egypt. Despite setbacks to his

1174: 957: 111: 14071:

Antisemitism. A Historical Encyclopedia of Prejudice and Persecution

9207:

The New York Times: Oman Dispute Highlights U.S.-British Differences

5826: 4099: 3683:

Nasser's 9 June resignation speech, which was retracted the next day

2205: 19609: 19450: 19347: 19222: 19041: 18945: 18085: 17943: 17397: 17297: 17006: 16502: 16032: 14363:

The struggle for the Arab world: Egypt's Nasser and the Arab League

12780: 11380: 11023: 8230: 8215: 5918: 5757:" of successive Arab leaders "transformed imitation into parody". 5553: 5423: 5038: 4781: 4122: 4053: 3913: 3632: 3525: 3143: 3034: 2925:

Nasser's announcement of the United Arab Republic, 23 February 1958

2659: 2515: 2495: 2140: 2136: 1842: 1835: 1734: 1726: 1643: 1601: 1574: 1370: 1355: 18729:

Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

14379:(Edinburgh University Press, 2016), Nasser in Egyptian literature. 13092:

Arab Nationalism in the Twentieth Century: From Triumph to Despair

12620:

Akram-Lodhi, Haroon; Borras, Saturnino M.; Kay, Cristóbal (2007),

3444: 3421:

promoted by Saudi Arabia. Nasser had used al-Azhar's most willing

2261:, and pressured Naguib to conclude the abolition of the monarchy. 19555: 19440: 19430: 19379: 18920: 17665: 16416: 5933:

Nasser wrote the following books, published during his lifetime:

5809: 5776: 5722: 5106: 5099: 5060: 5033: 4189: 3452: 3329: 3196: 2892: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2363:

President Nasser receives a delegation of Christian bishops from

1582: 1341: 15453: 12093:"Biopics in the Arab world: History entangled with subjectivity" 4063:

political parties began to emerge in Egypt, the first being the

3989:

read, "One hundred million human beings—the Arabs—are orphans."

3500:

influence, Nasser introduced the National Charter in 1962 and a

2630: 2388:

the Egyptian-held Gaza Strip with the stated aim of suppressing

2079:

On 11 October 1951, the Wafd government abrogated the unpopular

1733:(Muhammad's companions), the biographies of nationalist leaders 1626:, called for the end of colonialism in Egypt in the wake of the 19623: 19425: 19364: 18299: 14282:

Prophets and Princes: Saudi Arabia from Muhammad to the Present

7191: 5444: 5400: 4650: 4141:. He is also considered a champion of social justice in Egypt. 4087:, and the Popular Nasserist Congress Party) merged to form the 4080: 3856: 3788:

is directly behind Nasser, and to their left is Chief of Staff

3723: 3440: 2856: 1974: 1930: 1922: 1881:, displaying weapons captured from the Israeli Army during the 1730: 1722: 1616: 1542: 13573:

Hamlet's Arab Journey: Shakespeare's Prince and Nasser's Ghost

13434:

Nasser's Egypt, Arab Nationalism, and the United Arab Republic

12919:

Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World

8609:

Nasser refutes Jewish accusations of expulsion or mistreatment

6267: 6235: 6217: 3443:

and civil courts. Moreover, Nasser forced al-Azhar to issue a

1581:, and raised in Alexandria, and his mother's family came from 1545:

city. Nasser's detractors criticize his authoritarianism, his

1431:

the following year. Following a 1954 attempt on his life by a

20108: 20064:

American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation

19570: 19353: 17432: 17101: 15689: 15293: 15284: 15164: 14771: 14763: 13165:

Negotiating for Peace in the Middle East (Routledge Revivals)

6258: 6211: 6177: 5882: 5726: 5706: 4999: 3968: 3825: 3456: 3423: 3367: 3349: 3155: 2735:

met on the matter of the canal's nationalization and adopted

2547: 2510:

on the international policy and economic development fronts.

2499: 2376: 2173: 1986: 1822: 1605: 1597: 1519: 1479: 739: 13851:

Rasler, Karen; Thompson, William R.; Ganguly, Sumit (2013),

3941:

fainted from emotional distress twice. A few major non-Arab

3812:

in Cairo on 27 September 1970, one day before Nasser's death

3742: 3671:

Egyptian demonstrators protesting Nasser's resignation, 1967

3029:

sought American assistance in his ideological cold war with

2609: 19648: 19530: 17422: 17366: 10691:

From June to October: The Middle East Between 1967 And 1973

9153: 6197: 6168: 5878: 3777: 3098:

On 14 July 1958, Iraqi army officers Abdel Karim Qasim and

2888: 2566:

was greatly boosted, as was his self-confidence and image.

2368: 1482:

from 1958 to 1961. In 1962, Nasser began a series of major

1435:

member, he cracked down on the organization, put President

14622: 14126:

Palestine in the Egyptian Press: From al-Ahram to al-Ahali

2012:

The Free Officers after the coup, 1953. Counterclockwise:

1518:, Nasser suffered a heart attack and died. His funeral in 20103: 20083: 20078: 12056: 9494: 6229: 6188: 6165: 2542:, and the implementation of UN resolutions regarding the 2395:

blockade on Israeli shipping through the Straits of Tiran

2372: 20449:

Recipients of the Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo

13284:

When the Gavel Speaks: Judicial Politics in Modern Egypt

11861: 11441:"Anniversary heightens face-off with Muslim Brotherhood" 11228:"Nasserist groups announce new, unified political party" 10684: 8549:"Establishment of UNEF (United Nations Emergency Force)" 3535:

During the presidential referendum in Egypt, Nasser was

10054: 8586:. Historical Society of Jews from Egypt. Archived from 6379:"Quiet Rites Show Stark Contrast to Funeral for Nasser" 5998:

Nasser with his wife Tahia in his home in Cairo in 1969

5893:

Nasser practices photography at his home in Cairo, 1969

3878:

on 27 September in Cairo, where he forged a ceasefire.

539:

Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council

16329: 14025:

The Suez-Sinai Crisis: A Retrospective and Reappraisal

13529:

The 1956 War: Collusion and Rivalry in the Middle East

9196:

Gregory Fremont Barnes: A History of Counterinsurgency

3174: 20193: 13850: 13476:

Soldiers, Spies and Statesmen: Egypt's Road to Revolt

12472:(MA thesis). Portland State University. p. 137. 10678: 10601: 7818: 6255: 6232: 6226: 6214: 6208: 6185: 3239:

Egypt became increasingly embroiled in the drawn-out

12968:

The Struggle for Egypt: From Nasser to Tahrir Square

12915:

Brynen, Yaacov; Korany, Bahgat; Noble, Paul (1995),

12619: 12052:"Nasser film strikes chord with the people of Egypt" 11849: 11158: 11156: 9861: 9696: 9694: 9692: 8345:"The Protocol of Sèvres,1956: Anatomy of a War Plot" 7769: 7767: 6264: 6261: 6200: 6194: 6191: 6180: 5982:

Egypt's liberation; the philosophy of the revolution

5968:

Egypt's Liberation: The Philosophy of the Revolution

3768:

War of Attrition and regional diplomatic initiatives

2952:

were attempting to topple Syria's leftist government

1529:

and Arab unity, his modernization policies, and his

14260:

Sands of Sorrow: Israel's Journey from Independence

14078:Stork, Joe (2001), "Egypt", in Joel Krieger (ed.), 14048:

The 1967 Arab-Israeli War: Origins and Consequences

12873:

Religion and State: The Muslim Approach to Politics

12686:Atiyeh, George Nicholas; Oweis, Ibrahim M. (1988), 11525: 11523: 9628: 9626: 9624: 9622: 9620: 9556: 9554: 9552: 9116: 9114: 8679: 8677: 8675: 6610: 6608: 6606: 6604: 6223: 6205: 6174: 6171: 5854:Nasser and Tahia had two daughters and three sons: 3486: 3483:, to practically live on painkillers from then on. 3021:in Syria. Nasser then left for Moscow to meet with 2569: 17112:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries 14326: 14303: 13705: 13679: 13301: 12916: 12828:Total Insecurity: The Myth Of American Omnipotence 12203: 12201: 11809: 11293:"Kings never die: A tale of a devoted iconography" 10056: 9404: 9402: 9265: 9263: 9011: 9009: 8618:in the Southern Israelite (Jewish) Newspaper, 1957 8581: 8182: 8180: 6602: 6600: 6598: 6596: 6594: 6592: 6590: 6588: 6586: 6584: 5846:(1920 – 25 March 1992), the daughter of a wealthy 5741:, a supporter of Nasser, took power in Sudan. The 3167:, who had been allowed to re-enter Egypt in 1956. 1989:region while negotiating with the Arabs in March. 1423:from 1954 until his death in 1970. Nasser led the 15948:Chairpersons of the Organisation of African Unity 14585:Articles and topics related to Gamal Abdel Nasser 13893:Lawyers and Politics in the Arab World: 1880–1960 13052:King Hussein and the Challenge of Arab Radicalism 12914: 11803: 11153: 11101: 10059:The Politics of Miscalculation in the Middle East 10050: 10048: 9689: 9326: 9324: 9296: 9294: 9292: 9290: 8584:"Egyptian Jewry under the Nasser Regime, 1956–70" 7972: 7970: 7764: 6781: 6779: 6550: 6548: 4079:. Nasserist activists were among the founders of 3816:Meanwhile, in January 1968, Nasser commenced the 3808:(left) and King Hussein of Jordan (right) at the 2221:Nasser and Naguib saluting at the opening of the 2084:assassination campaign". In January 1952, he and 20235: 20049:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States 13551:Suez: Britain's End of Empire in the Middle East 13495: 13117:Egypt Under Nasir: A Study in Political Dynamics 12732: 11998: 11520: 11089: 11008: 10614: 10612: 10610: 10008: 10006: 9617: 9549: 9435: 9433: 9431: 9429: 9111: 8984: 8982: 8980: 8844: 8842: 8840: 8827: 8825: 8823: 8821: 8819: 8817: 8802: 8672: 4048:The national economy grew significantly through 3979:, roughly 75,000 Arabs marched through the 1608:, and to attend the Nahhasin elementary school. 20454:Secretaries-general of the Non-Aligned Movement 20394:Grand Crosses of the Order of Polonia Restituta 18486:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972 17893:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences 13958:Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East 13819:Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness, 1948–1991 12198: 10804:"Claims that Sadat killed Nasser are unfounded" 9399: 9260: 9006: 8689: 8489: 8487: 8485: 8472: 8470: 8205: 8203: 8201: 8199: 8197: 8195: 8177: 8124: 8122: 8120: 8041: 8039: 8037: 8035: 8033: 7933: 7931: 7918: 7916: 7116:Sharon, Ariel; Chanoff, David (16 March 2002). 7087: 7085: 7083: 7081: 6581: 3929:jets. His flag-draped coffin was attached to a 3851:In June 1970, Nasser accepted the US-sponsored 3607:following the Six-Day War. From left to right: 2747:On 29 October 1956, Israeli forces crossed the 2284: 14896: 12009: 12007: 10981: 10979: 10833: 10831: 10829: 10827: 10767: 10765: 10752: 10750: 10723: 10641: 10639: 10573: 10571: 10546: 10544: 10504: 10502: 10500: 10446: 10444: 10295: 10293: 10268: 10266: 10253: 10251: 10249: 10224: 10222: 10197: 10195: 10193: 10166: 10117: 10115: 10045: 9923: 9921: 9884: 9882: 9833: 9831: 9829: 9734: 9732: 9730: 9728: 9715: 9713: 9711: 9709: 9607: 9605: 9515: 9513: 9511: 9509: 9484: 9482: 9480: 9467: 9465: 9463: 9377: 9375: 9321: 9287: 9216: 9214: 9131: 9129: 8859: 8857: 8768: 8766: 8753: 8751: 8749: 8747: 8707: 8705: 8703: 8650: 8648: 8445: 8443: 8441: 8428: 8426: 8424: 8422: 8420: 8407: 8405: 8403: 8251: 8249: 7967: 7835: 7833: 7831: 7829: 7827: 7480: 7478: 7476: 7474: 7422: 7420: 7337: 7335: 7144:"מבצע חורב 1949 – תחילתה של הפסקת אש עם מצרים" 6921: 6919: 6917: 6915: 6846: 6844: 6842: 6829: 6827: 6825: 6823: 6810: 6808: 6806: 6776: 6754: 6752: 6571: 6569: 6567: 6565: 6563: 6545: 6511: 6509: 6376: 5984:, introduced by Dorothy Thompson (Washington: 5559:U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism 4017:, and the country became a major power in the 3384:, 1959. From left to right; Interior Minister 3298:Nasser before Yemeni crowds on his arrival to 3040: 2408:Simultaneous with Israel's February raid, the 1877:Nasser (first from left) with his unit in the 1659:, issued a decree restoring the constitution. 1573:. Nasser's father was a postal worker born in 17382: 17142:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine 16589:Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine 16518: 16315: 15932: 15267: 14882: 14746: 14608: 14562:Secretary-General of the Non-Aligned Movement 14080:The Oxford Companion to Politics of the World 13877:, Santa Barbara: Greenwood Publishing Group, 13821:, Studies in war, society, and the military, 13384: 13300:Haydock, Nickolas; Risden, Edward L. (2009), 13299: 12895:Authoritarianism in an Age of Democratization 12078: 12025: 11813:Hitler's apocalypse: Jews and the Nazi legacy 11674: 11672: 11259: 11257: 11255: 11196:"Egypt candidate to seek election suspension" 11073: 11071: 11069: 10786: 10784: 10782: 10780: 10656: 10654: 10607: 10003: 9426: 8977: 8965: 8929: 8837: 8814: 8083: 8081: 7115: 6437: 6055:Polish People's Republic: Grand Cross of the 5656: 4005:Nasser presenting prominent and blind writer 3888:Death and state funeral of Gamal Abdel Nasser 3780:front with Egyptian officers during the 1968 3471:Amer had created in the military command and 3218:Nasser (center) receiving Algerian president 2634:Nasser giving a speech at the opening of the 1897:. He initially volunteered to serve with the 1889:Nasser's first battlefield experience was in 1772:, and his anti-colonialist instructor at the 1397: 997:(1954–(March)1954,(April)1954–1962,1967–1970) 19:"Nasser" redirects here. For other uses, see 20359:Egyptian people of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War 20125:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War 17676:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council 14023:Shemesh, Moshe; Troen, Selwyn Illan (1990), 14022: 12811:, New York City: Syracuse University Press, 11701: 11699: 11608: 11606: 11593: 11591: 11345: 11343: 11112: 11110: 10519: 10517: 10364: 10362: 10349: 10347: 10334: 10332: 10132: 10130: 10102: 10100: 10023: 10021: 9969: 9967: 9965: 9963: 9938: 9936: 9780: 9778: 9776: 9643: 9641: 9450: 9448: 9311: 9309: 8722: 8720: 8504: 8502: 8482: 8467: 8432: 8353:, vol. 73, no. 3, pp. 509–530 8192: 8155: 8153: 8151: 8149: 8117: 8068: 8066: 8030: 7928: 7913: 7864:McAlexander, Richard J. (18 November 2010). 7754: 7752: 7750: 7748: 7746: 7721: 7719: 7717: 7715: 7523: 7521: 7519: 7517: 7461: 7459: 7395: 7393: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7350: 7322: 7320: 7318: 7316: 7314: 7312: 7299: 7297: 7295: 7282: 7280: 7255: 7253: 7251: 7249: 7247: 7245: 7243: 7241: 7239: 7163: 7161: 7078: 7056: 7054: 7005: 7003: 7001: 6902: 6900: 6898: 6896: 6521: 3737: 3662: 3603:Some of the attending heads of state at the 3203: 2806: 2397:and restricted the use of airspace over the 1462:and his political victory in the subsequent 703: 18986:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre 14044: 13895:, Minneapolis: Bibliotheca Islamica, Inc., 13235: 13008:The PFLP's Changing Role in the Middle East 12940: 12688:Arab Civilization: Challenges and Responses 12685: 12568: 12207: 12188: 12186: 12004: 11908: 11892: 11890: 11888: 11873: 11555: 11461: 11438: 11396: 11286: 11284: 10976: 10954: 10952: 10950: 10948: 10946: 10824: 10796: 10762: 10747: 10636: 10624: 10589: 10568: 10556: 10541: 10529: 10497: 10487: 10485: 10483: 10441: 10290: 10263: 10246: 10219: 10190: 10178: 10154: 10142: 10112: 10085: 10033: 9918: 9879: 9826: 9814: 9763: 9761: 9759: 9725: 9706: 9700: 9677: 9602: 9566: 9525: 9506: 9477: 9460: 9372: 9336: 9211: 9126: 8953: 8941: 8905: 8893: 8881: 8869: 8854: 8763: 8744: 8732: 8700: 8645: 8519: 8517: 8438: 8417: 8400: 8246: 8186: 7863: 7824: 7814: 7812: 7810: 7808: 7806: 7773: 7702: 7700: 7698: 7661: 7659: 7657: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7555: 7553: 7551: 7538: 7536: 7471: 7417: 7332: 7226: 7224: 6912: 6839: 6820: 6803: 6749: 6691: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6617:"A Historical Sketch of Gamal Abdel Nasser" 6560: 6506: 5946:يوميات الرئيس جمال عبد الناصر عن حرب فلسطين 3705:A video clip of Nasser's resignation speech 20089:United States involvement in regime change 17644:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine 17389: 17375: 16525: 16511: 16322: 16308: 15939: 15925: 15274: 15260: 14889: 14875: 14753: 14739: 14615: 14601: 14232: 14145: 14073:. Vol. 1. ABC–CLIO. pp. 483–484. 14045:Shlaim, Avi; Louis, William Roger (2012), 13708:Egypt on the Brink: From Nasser to Mubarak 12518: 12338:Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ordenskunde e.V. 11816:. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 188. 11669: 11420: 11252: 11066: 10777: 10651: 10055:Richard Bordeaux Parker (1 January 1993). 9873: 9232: 8093: 8078: 7922: 7845: 6652: 6634: 6470: 6027:Czechoslovakia: Collar Grand Cross of the 5663: 5649: 3439:. The reforms also included the merger of 3368:Modernization efforts and internal dissent 2618:Nasser raising the Egyptian flag over the 1404: 1390: 592:5 October 1964 – 8 September 1970 303:18 April 1954 – 29 September 1962 56: 14177:British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 14167: 13658:Situating Globalization: Views from Egypt 13431: 13111: 12824: 12809:The Rise of Egyptian Communism, 1939–1970 12663: 12597: 12477: 12219: 12165: 11941: 11732:, pp. xi, 67–68, 137, 153, 225, 283. 11711: 11696: 11603: 11588: 11478:, vol. 31, no. 2, History Today 11470:"Makers of the Twentieth Century: Nasser" 11426: 11355: 11340: 11128: 11107: 11004: 11002: 11000: 10998: 10996: 10994: 10964: 10909:"Nasser's Legacy: Hope and Instability". 10514: 10359: 10344: 10329: 10207: 10127: 10097: 10018: 9960: 9948: 9933: 9790: 9773: 9638: 9445: 9306: 8717: 8695: 8575: 8499: 8476: 8461: 8382: 8209: 8146: 8128: 8063: 8057: 8045: 7976: 7937: 7839: 7785: 7743: 7712: 7683: 7671: 7618: 7514: 7456: 7426: 7390: 7347: 7309: 7292: 7277: 7265: 7236: 7167: 7158: 7051: 6998: 6976: 6974: 6972: 6970: 6925: 6893: 6850: 6833: 6785: 6758: 6743: 6707: 6575: 6423:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6106:History of Egypt under Gamal Abdel Nasser 3743:Domestic reforms and governmental changes 3532:to submit their resignations in protest. 2610:Nationalization of the Suez Canal Company 2449: 2135:On 25 January 1952, at a time of growing 2063:In the 1950 parliamentary elections, the 262:19 June 1967 – 28 September 1970 198:Zakaria Mohieddin (1961–1964, 1965–1968) 86:23 June 1956 – 28 September 1970 20294:Arab Socialist Union (Egypt) politicians 17222:Coat of arms of the United Arab Republic 17152:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation 17117:Independence Party (Mandatory Palestine) 14324: 14099: 14068: 14000: 13616: 13592: 12892: 12437:"National Orders awards 29 October 2004" 12183: 12177: 12129: 12117: 11885: 11867: 11561: 11501:"A Faustian Pact: Generals as Democrats" 11467: 11408: 11281: 11054: 10943: 10860: 10858: 10856: 10854: 10852: 10850: 10848: 10846: 10508: 10480: 10474: 10234: 9756: 9671: 9659: 8514: 8111: 7803: 7695: 7654: 7642: 7630: 7601: 7577: 7548: 7533: 7490: 7438: 7384: 7221: 7045: 6797: 6731: 6682: 6664: 6614: 6554: 6539: 6515: 6041:Finland: Grand Cross with Collar of the 5993: 5888: 5825: 5693: 4994: 4171: 4116: 4098: 4075:. Sabahi came in third place during the 4000: 3955: 3891: 3795: 3771: 3695: 3666: 3598: 3562:(left) and Egyptian Army Chief of Staff 3553: 3490: 3371: 3293: 3263:in the Saudi royal family led by Prince 3213: 3137: 3073: 3005:, a major Nasser opponent who advocated 2972: 2928: 2916: 2820: 2712: 2629: 2613: 2573: 2453: 2405:on the Egyptian border on 21 September. 2358: 2321: 2296: 2288: 2227: 2216: 2204: 2118: 2056:After 1949, the group adopted the name " 2040:Nasser's return to Egypt coincided with 2007: 1872: 1868: 1799: 1498:. He began his second presidential term 551:14 November 1954 – 23 June 1956 503:18 June 1953 – 25 February 1954 453:18 June 1953 – 25 February 1954 351:25 February 1954 – 8 March 1954 18215:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia) 17097:Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction) 17082:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order 14408:Chinese Journal of International Review 14301: 14146:Tan, See Seng; Acharya, Amitav (2008), 14123: 13813: 13674: 13453: 13359: 13089: 13067: 12941:Byman, Daniel; Waxman, Matthew (2002), 12754: 12541: 12328: 12304:"Seznamy nositelů státních vyznamenání" 12268: 12153: 12141: 12090: 12013: 11879: 11778: 11753: 11729: 11636: 11402: 11322: 10985: 10866:"Nasser's Legacy: Hope and Instability" 10837: 10771: 10756: 10741: 10729: 10717: 10694:. Transaction Publishers. p. 192. 10645: 10630: 10618: 10577: 10562: 10550: 10535: 10462: 10450: 10435: 10392: 10380: 10323: 10299: 10272: 10257: 10228: 10201: 10184: 10160: 10148: 10121: 10091: 10012: 9927: 9888: 9837: 9820: 9738: 9719: 9683: 9632: 9611: 9572: 9560: 9531: 9519: 9500: 9488: 9471: 9439: 9420: 9408: 9393: 9381: 9366: 9354: 9342: 9330: 9300: 9281: 9269: 9220: 9200: 9183: 9171: 9159: 9147: 9135: 9120: 9000: 8988: 8971: 8959: 8947: 8935: 8911: 8899: 8887: 8875: 8863: 8848: 8831: 8808: 8796: 8772: 8757: 8738: 8711: 8683: 8654: 8639: 8535: 8449: 8411: 8370: 8255: 7797: 7758: 7725: 7689: 7677: 7624: 7571: 7527: 7484: 7465: 7450: 7411: 7399: 7372: 7360: 7341: 7326: 7303: 7286: 7271: 7259: 7215: 7209: 7091: 7072: 7060: 7033: 7027: 7021: 7009: 6992: 6961: 6949: 6906: 6887: 6814: 6770: 6719: 6676: 6640: 6527: 6482: 6061:South Africa: Supreme Commander of the 4013:Nasser made Egypt fully independent of 3945:were present, including Soviet Premier 3912:, and complications from long-standing 3570:headquarters in Cairo before signing a 3053:Gamal Abdel Nasser, 19 July in Damascus 2906: 2200: 2088:attempted to kill the royalist general 1977:in February 1949 to negotiate a formal 1561:Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein was born in 993: 637:17 July 1964 – 21 October 1965 20314:Collars of the Order of the White Lion 20236: 20059:Russian espionage in the United States 18331:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 17092:Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction) 15887: 14624:Egyptian Revolutionary Command Council 14279: 14257: 13751: 13729: 13654: 13634: 13570: 13473: 13325: 13259: 13199: 13186:, Reading: Garnet & Ithaca Press, 13027: 13005: 12987: 12848: 12806: 12707: 12641: 12494:"Tito in Africa: Picturing Solidarity" 12037: 11953: 11810:Robert S. Wistrich (17 October 1985). 11705: 11597: 11529: 11077: 10991: 10937: 10925: 10896: 10790: 10660: 10523: 10404: 10368: 10353: 10338: 10311: 10284: 10213: 10172: 10136: 10106: 10039: 10027: 9997: 9985: 9973: 9954: 9942: 9912: 9796: 9784: 9750: 9647: 9064:Yolcu, Furkan Halit (1 October 2020). 8627: 8569: 8394: 8339: 8327: 8315: 8303: 8099: 8087: 8072: 7851: 7665: 7648: 7636: 7612: 7595: 7583: 7559: 7542: 7508: 7496: 7230: 7189:67 dead, Who remembers "God's platoon" 7103: 6967: 6695: 6289:[ɡæˈmæːlʕæbdenˈnɑːsˤeɾħeˈseːn] 6287: 6063:Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo 5834:, daughter Hoda, son Abdel Hakim, son 5689: 5544:Swedish Committee Against Antisemitism 3309:In January 1964, Nasser called for an 3078:Nasser (right) and Lebanese president 1294:Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo 20269:20th-century prime ministers of Egypt 20054:Soviet espionage in the United States 18210:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966 17989:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 17654:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 17370: 16506: 16303: 15920: 15255: 14870: 14734: 14596: 14583: 14438:Site for President Gamal Abdel Nasser 14210: 14077: 13978: 13951: 13926: 13908: 13872: 13791: 13773: 13703: 13409: 13281: 13217: 13181: 13161: 13136: 13054:, New York: Oxford University Press, 12870: 12469:Egypt and the Soviet Union, 1953–1970 12420: 12049: 11986: 11896: 11840: 11741: 11717: 11690: 11678: 11624: 11612: 11439:Al Sherbini, Ramadan (23 July 2012). 11414: 11373: 11361: 11349: 11334: 11290: 11275: 11263: 11116: 10970: 10843: 10672: 10491: 10240: 9849: 9808: 9767: 9596: 9584: 9543: 9454: 9315: 9063: 8923: 8726: 8666: 8523: 8279: 8267: 8171: 8159: 8140: 8024: 8000: 7988: 7961: 7949: 7737: 7706: 7203: 7197: 6466: 6464: 6462: 6441:Gamal Abdel Nasser's Egyptian ID card 6136:Closure of the Suez Canal (1967–1975) 5575:Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism 4621:during the Israel-Hamas war (2023-24) 4316:Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism 3800:Nasser brokering a ceasefire between 3094:stands to Chehab's right, March 1959. 2977:Nasser seated alongside Crown Prince 2709:Closure of the Suez Canal (1956-1957) 2430:320,000,000 armaments agreement with 2195: 2108: 1450:Nasser's popularity in Egypt and the 1443:and assumed executive office. He was 410:8 March 1954 – 18 April 1954 20130:Soviet Union–United States relations 18481:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China 16532: 15865: 13890: 13548: 13526: 13350: 13049: 12962: 12779: 12735:Judges and Political Reform in Egypt 12465: 12441:South African Government Information 12414: 12231: 12192: 11855: 11495: 11060: 10958: 10063:. Indiana University Press. p. 9900: 9239:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. 9189: 9015: 8784: 8508: 8493: 8012: 6980: 6937: 6048:Malaysia: Honorary Recipient of the 5956:"Memoirs of the First Palestine War" 5760: 4025:, which he deemed a prerequisite to 3881: 3462: 2866:In January 1957, the US adopted the 20424:People of the North Yemen Civil War 20094:Soviet involvement in regime change 17132:National Liberation Front (Algeria) 14427:(Princeton University Press, 2014). 14420:(Cambridge University Press, 2018). 14372:(Cambridge University Press, 2020). 14358:(Routledge, 2015) pp. 146–164. 13778:, Portland: Sussex Academic Press, 13222:, Portland: Sussex Academic Press, 13162:Fahmy, Ismail (13 September 2013), 12733:Bernard-Maugiron, Nathalie (2008), 12091:Karawya, Fayrouz (29 August 2011). 11785:. Oxford University Press. p. 11562:El-Tonsi, Ahmed (16 January 2013). 11376:"How Suez made Nasser an Arab icon" 11129:El-Nahhas, Mona (18 October 2000). 11012:; Guindy, Hosny (4 November 2000). 10602:Rasler, Thompson & Ganguly 2013 7819:Rasler, Thompson & Ganguly 2013 6764: 6646: 6280: 6009: 5975: 5945: 5679:The Protocols of the Elders of Zion 4871:21 Paths to the Kingdom of Darkness 3764:after reconciling with the latter. 3568:Supreme Command of the Armed Forces 3175:Collapse of the union and aftermath 3117:Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council 3090:stands third to Nasser's left, and 1704: 704: 25:Gamal Abdel Nasser (disambiguation) 13: 20384:Foreign Heroes of the Soviet Union 20135:Soviet Union–United States summits 17609:1947 Polish parliamentary election 17494:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states 17072:Arab Socialist Union Party (Syria) 16594:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine 16331:Chairs of the Non-Aligned Movement 15889: 15875: 15452: 15444: 15436: 15428: 15420: 15172: 15144: 15084: 14991: 14946: 14918: 14785: 14348: 14233:Vatikiotis, Panayiotis J. (1978), 14217:University of North Carolina Press 13621:, New Delhi: Mittal Publications, 13353:Nazi Propaganda for the Arab World 13121:State University of New York Press 12739:American University in Cairo Press 12717:American University in Cairo Press 12692:State University of New York Press 12648:State University of New York Press 11954:Fetini, Alyssa (3 February 2009). 11530:Andoni, Lamis (11 February 2011). 11164:"Egypt Elections Watch: Al-Karama" 9862:Akram-Lodhi, Borras & Kay 2007 9016:Popp, Roland (10 September 2010). 6459: 6043:Order of the White Rose of Finland 5938:Memoirs of the First Palestine War 5886:and listening to classical music. 5569:Working definition of antisemitism 4331:Working definition of antisemitism 3388:, Nasser, Social Affairs Minister 2878:Relations between Nasser and King 2470:in white robes in the background, 1944:. The expedition was led by Rabbi 1795: 1282:Order of the White Rose of Finland 962: 14: 20470: 20364:Egyptian political party founders 20309:Chairpersons of the African Union 20259:20th-century presidents in Africa 18896:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency 18831:United States invasion of Grenada 18101:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence 18042:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania 17137:Palestine Liberation Organization 14431: 13730:Parker, Richard Bordeaux (1996), 13635:Mutawi, Samir A. (18 July 2002), 13506:The Palestinian People: A History 13388:; Khoury, Phillip Shukry (2004), 12992:, Hoboken: Taylor & Francis, 12760:Dictionary Of Modern Arab History 11532:"The resurrection of pan-Arabism" 10874:. 12 October 1970. Archived from 6034:East Germany: First Class of the 5549:Union of Councils for Soviet Jews 3319:Palestine Liberation Organization 2097:the Free Officers. They selected 1760:Nasser was greatly influenced by 1494:, and eventually the much larger 20444:Recipients of the Order of Lenin 20349:Egyptian Military Academy alumni 20264:20th-century presidents of Egypt 20215: 20203: 18971:United States invasion of Panama 18821:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War 18461:1971 Turkish military memorandum 18424:Communist insurgency in Thailand 18394:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 18326:Communist insurgency in Malaysia 18153:Assassination of John F. Kennedy 18081:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation 17599:Restatement of Policy on Germany 17351: 17350: 17077:Arabian Peninsula People's Union 16760:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict 15897: 15867: 15283: 14762: 14377:Nasser in the Egyptian Imaginary 13857:University of Pennsylvania Press 13732:The Six-Day War: A Retrospective 13390:The Modern Middle East: A Reader 12602:(illustrated ed.), London: 12486: 12459: 12429: 12378: 12352: 12322: 12296: 12274: 12262: 12237: 12225: 12213: 12171: 12159: 12147: 12135: 12123: 12111: 12084: 12072: 12050:Young, Gayle (24 October 1996). 12043: 12031: 12019: 11992: 11980: 11947: 11935: 11902: 11834: 11772: 11747: 11735: 11684: 11630: 11618: 11489: 11432: 11367: 11328: 11316: 11269: 11220: 11188: 11131:"Nasserism's potential untapped" 11122: 11095: 11083: 11042: 10931: 10919: 10902: 10890: 10735: 10711: 10666: 10595: 10583: 10468: 10456: 10429: 10398: 10386: 10374: 10317: 10305: 10278: 9991: 9979: 9906: 9894: 9867: 9855: 9843: 9802: 9744: 9665: 9653: 9590: 9578: 9537: 9414: 9387: 9360: 9348: 9275: 9226: 9177: 9165: 9141: 9057: 8994: 8917: 8790: 8778: 8660: 8633: 8621: 8602: 8563: 8541: 8529: 8455: 8388: 8376: 8364: 8333: 8321: 8309: 8297: 8285: 8273: 8261: 8165: 8134: 8105: 8051: 8018: 8006: 7994: 7982: 7955: 7943: 6251: 6161: 6116:List of prime ministers of Egypt 5821: 5634: 5633: 4262: 3963:in Cairo, the site of his burial 3487:National Charter and second term 2570:1956 constitution and presidency 1997: 1689: 1677: 1512:Israeli-occupied Sinai Peninsula 1369: 1362: 1354: 1340: 1329: 1319: 1309: 1299: 1287: 1275: 1263: 1251: 1239: 1228: 1217: 918: 828: 20324:Deputy prime ministers of Egypt 19691:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 19072:Dissolution of the Soviet Union 19001:Fall of the inner German border 18901:1988 Black Sea bumping incident 18551:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 18541:Spanish transition to democracy 18501:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency 18128:Communist insurgency in Sarawak 17634:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 17515:Occupation of the Baltic states 16720:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état 14001:Stephens, Robert Henry (1972), 13756:(6th ed.), Santa Barbara: 11102:Brynen, Korany & Noble 1995 9233:Avi Shlaim (9 September 2008). 9070:Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 8226:"1956: Egypt Seizes Suez Canal" 7857: 7791: 7779: 7731: 7589: 7565: 7502: 7444: 7432: 7405: 7378: 7366: 7182: 7173: 7136: 7109: 7097: 7066: 7039: 7015: 6986: 6955: 6943: 6931: 6881: 6856: 6791: 6737: 6725: 6713: 6701: 6670: 6658: 6533: 6050:Order of the Crown of the Realm 6012:) (1959; Cairo-Arabian Company) 5917:(in 1966 and 1969), and was on 4958:Protocols of the Elders of Zion 4238: 4094: 4065:Arab Democratic Nasserist Party 3376:Government officials attending 2652:arms deal with the Eastern bloc 1630:'s annulment by Prime Minister 1280:Grand Cross with Collar of the 1258:Order of the Crown of the Realm 952: 784: 16:Egyptian politician (1918–1970) 20404:Leaders who took power by coup 20389:Free Officers Movement (Egypt) 18471:Four Power Agreement on Berlin 18106:Mozambican War of Independence 17545:Indonesian National Revolution 17162:Union of Arab Republics (1972) 16924:Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz 15877: 14124:Talhami, Ghada Hashem (2007), 13963:University of California Press 13641:, Cambridge University Press, 13266:University of California Press 13204:, Princeton University Press, 12329:Hubrich, Dirk (October 2015). 11758:. PublicAffairs. p. 163. 11137:. No. 503. Archived from 10915:. 12 October 1970. p. 20. 6497: 6488: 6476: 6431: 6370: 6355:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary 6342: 6311: 6148: 6091:Yugoslavia: Great Star of the 5838:, son Abdel Hamid, and Nasser. 4914:Hunter (William Luther Pierce) 3627:On the morning of 5 June, the 3605:Arab League Summit in Khartoum 3543: 3158:, launched a day earlier by a 2777:United Nations Emergency Force 2698: 2004:Free Officers Movement (Egypt) 1841:In 1941, Nasser was posted to 399:Deputy Prime Minister of Egypt 207:Anwar Sadat (1964, 1969–1970) 1: 20374:Egyptian critics of religions 20069:CIA and the Cultural Cold War 19084:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 19037:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident 18759:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 18724:Seven Days to the River Rhine 18456:Corrective Revolution (Egypt) 17743:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état 17671:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état 14859:: acting or interim president 14425:The Egypt of Nasser and Sadat 14189:10.1080/13530194.2015.1102708 14168:Tsourapas, Gerasimos (2016), 14103:Women in Egyptian Public Life 14003:Nasser: A Political Biography 13891:Reid, Donald Malcolm (1981), 13365:A History of the Arab Peoples 12423:Polish orders and decorations 12282:"Gamal Abdel Nasser Writings" 11655:10.1080/0015587X.1992.9715831 11374:Hardy, Roger (26 July 2006). 11291:Golia, Maria (23 July 2011). 9082:10.1080/13537113.2020.1788696 8294:(in Egyptian Arabic, YouTube) 6299: 6084:Tunisia: Grand Cordon of the 5721:To varying degrees, Nasser's 5701:of Sudan (left), Nasser, and 5508:Campaign Against Antisemitism 4616:during the Gaza War (2008-09) 4139:modern Middle Eastern history 4059:During Mubarak's presidency, 3392:and National Union Secretary 3362:Organisation of African Unity 3325:, Nasser's personal nominee. 3255:In July 1962, Algeria became 2498:(9 April), India (14 April), 2434:on 27 September. Through the 2273:to represent the RCC abroad. 2179:Revolutionary Command Council 2081:Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 2024:(standing), Nasser (seated), 1992: 1556: 624:Organisation of African Unity 19062:Fall of communism in Albania 19032:Mongolian Revolution of 1990 18981:Polish Round Table Agreement 18321:1968 Polish political crisis 18138:Eritrean War of Independence 17904:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 17799:East German uprising of 1953 17731:Chinese Communist Revolution 17396: 17107:Federation of Arab Republics 17067:Arab Socialist Union (Libya) 17057:Arab Socialist Union (Egypt) 16658:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 16606:Arab separatism in Khuzestan 15899: 13827:University of Nebraska Press 13432:Jankowski, James P. (2001), 13236:Goldschmidt, Arthur (2008), 12664:Asterjian, Henry D. (2007), 12366:(in Finnish). 9 October 2020 11999:Kimmerling & Migdal 2003 11014:"Liberating Nasser's Legacy" 7884:10.1080/14682745.2010.482960 6304: 5960:Journal of Palestine Studies 5497:Anti-antisemitism in Germany 4989:Antisemitism on the Internet 4777:Jewish war conspiracy theory 4167: 3810:emergency Arab League summit 3222:(right) and Iraqi president 3160:pro-Nasser Iraqi RCC officer 3033:in Iraq and his ideology of 2285:Assuming chairmanship of RCC 2058:Association of Free Officers 1963:Philosophy of the Revolution 1764:, as espoused by politician 1195:Philosophy of the Revolution 7: 20434:Politicians from Alexandria 18936:Korean Air Lines Flight 007 18664:Korean Air Lines Flight 902 18409:Corrective Movement (Syria) 18373:New People's Army rebellion 18368:Sino-Soviet border conflict 18096:Angolan War of Independence 17959:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 17839:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 17484:Jamaican political conflict 17232:Flag of the Arab Federation 17062:Arab Socialist Union (Iraq) 17052:Arab Socialist Action Party 13932:Guide to Islamist Movements 13798:University Press of Florida 13736:University Press of Florida 13182:Farid, Abdel Magid (1996), 12990:The Transformation of Egypt 11843:The Arabs and the Holocaust 8582:Michael M. Laskier (1995). 6111:List of presidents of Egypt 6099: 6036:Star of People's Friendship 5928: 5765:In 1963, Egyptian director 5534:Southern Poverty Law Center 4693:COVID-19 pandemic incidents 4226:Central Intelligence Agency 4121:Nasser waving to crowds in 4085:National Conciliation Party 3399: 3142:Nasser waving to crowds in 3041:Influence on the Arab world 2966:agreed. On 1 February, the 2540:Palestinian right of return 2115:Egyptian revolution of 1952 1908:In May 1948, following the 1820:Convinced that he needed a 1790:Egyptian Revolution of 1952 1571:Egyptian Revolution of 1919 1425:Egyptian revolution of 1952 1033:Egyptian revolution of 1952 10: 20475: 20334:Egyptian Arab nationalists 19132:Sino-Indian border dispute 18961:First Nagorno-Karabakh War 18891:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 18649:1976 Argentine coup d'état 18561:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 18511:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état 18195:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 18163:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 17852:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 17619:Asian Relations Conference 17203:On the Way of Resurrection 17196:The Battle for One Destiny 17127:Lebanese National Movement 16568:Third International Theory 14100:Sullivan, Earl L. (1986), 14053:Cambridge University Press 13758:Greenwood Publishing Group 13617:Mehrotra, Raja R. (1990), 13577:Princeton University Press 13096:Princeton University Press 13068:Darling, Linda T. (2013), 13006:Cubert, Harold M. (1997), 12947:Cambridge University Press 12899:Cambridge University Press 12855:Princeton University Press 12670:Greenwood Publishing Group 12644:Egypt: The Stalled Society 12511: 11845:. Saqi Books. p. 210. 11637:Shehata, Samer S. (1992). 11051:at Encyclopædia Britannica 6324:Collins English Dictionary 6093:Order of the Yugoslav Star 6057:Order of Polonia Restituta 6016: 4944:On the Jews and Their Lies 4077:2012 presidential election 3949:and French Prime Minister 3885: 3547: 3207: 2910: 2810: 2702: 2561:and Indian Prime Minister 2466:facing the camera, Prince 2403:al-Auja Demilitarized Zone 2257:post from Naguib loyalist 2112: 2001: 1665:1936 Anglo-Egyptian Treaty 1628:1923 Egyptian constitution 1445:formally elected president 1417:Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein 1268:Collar Grand Cross of the 1256:Honorary Recipient of the 700:Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein 18: 20429:People of the Suez Crisis 20168: 20117: 20039: 20016:William Appleman Williams 19961:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 19743: 19715: 19664: 19596: 19589: 19523: 19388: 19313: 19243: 19236: 19145: 19092: 19024: 18737: 18476:Bangladesh Liberation War 18466:1971 Sudanese coup d'état 18381: 18353:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 18341:1968 Peruvian coup d'état 18004: 17779:Arab Cold War (1952–1979) 17756: 17466: 17404: 17346: 17255: 17212: 17180: 17157:Unified Political Command 17047:Arab Nationalist Movement 16992: 16944:Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi 16804: 16773: 16740:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 16611:1979 Khuzestan insurgency 16576: 16540: 16337: 16176: 15958: 15858: 15688: 15503: 15463: 15418: 15305: 15240: 15163: 15135: 15075: 14982: 14937: 14909: 14854: 14795: 14783: 14630: 14590: 14568: 14559: 14551: 14541: 14534: 14526: 14516: 14509: 14501: 14493: 14484: 14478: 14468: 14459: 14451: 14446: 14235:Nasser and His Generation 14108:Syracuse University Press 13913:, New York: Basic Books, 13661:, Bielefeld: Transcript, 13571:Litvin, Margaret (2011), 13456:Nasser: The Rise to Power 13454:Joesten, Joachim (1974), 13327:Heikal, Mohamed Hassanein 12877:Columbia University Press 12871:Brown, Leon Carl (2000), 12825:Brightman, Carol (2004), 12284:. Bibliotheca Alexandrina 12079:Hourani & Khoury 2004 12060:. Cable News Network, Inc 12026:Haydock & Risden 2009 11914:"Nasserism and Socialism" 11564:"The legacy of Nasserism" 11468:Stephens, Robert (1981), 9036:10.1080/14682741003686107 7119:Warrior: An Autobiography 5743:Arab Nationalist Movement 5519:Fundamental Rights Agency 4952:Undisputed Over The World 4767: Jewish conspiracy 3996: 3961:Gamal Abdel Nasser Mosque 3902:last Arab leader to leave 3868:Dawson's Field hijackings 3738:Final years of presidency 3663:Resignation and aftermath 3623:of Iraq, 2 September 1967 3611:of Saudi Arabia, Nasser, 3504:. The charter called for 3204:Revival on regional stage 2837:, Nasser, Prime Minister 2807:Pan-Arabism and socialism 2773:Eisenhower administration 2586:In January 1956, the new 2518:between the West and the 2508:Egyptian–Indian relations 2478:in the foreground at the 2436:Czechoslovakian arms deal 1715:National Library of Egypt 1696:Nasser's name circled in 1429:far-reaching land reforms 1292:Supreme Commander of the 905: 895: 885: 877: 867: 841: 836: 824: 805: 794: 769: 759: 754:Gamal Abdel Nasser Mosque 749: 729: 694: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 653: 641: 630: 620: 608: 596: 585: 577:Secretary-General of the 575: 565: 555: 544: 537: 527: 517: 507: 496: 489: 479: 467: 457: 446: 436: 424: 414: 403: 398: 394: 387: 383: 373: 363: 355: 344: 334: 324: 307: 296: 284: 274: 266: 255: 247: 235: 223: 136: 90: 79: 71: 67: 55: 46: 34: 20369:Egyptian revolutionaries 20329:Egyptian anti-communists 18791:1980 Turkish coup d'état 18626:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 18596:1978 Somali coup attempt 18556:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 18521:1973 Chilean coup d'état 18346:Revolutionary Government 18240:South African Border War 18032:1960 Turkish coup d'état 17949:Iraqi 14 July Revolution 17804:1953 Iranian coup d'état 17784:1952 Egyptian revolution 16665:1952 Egyptian revolution 14536:Prime Minister of Egypt 14511:Prime Minister of Egypt 14325:Woodward, Peter (1992), 13979:Salam, Nawaf A. (2004), 13655:Nelson, Cynthia (2000), 13593:Makdissi, Usama (2011), 13511:Harvard University Press 13438:Lynne Rienner Publishers 13369:Harvard University Press 13239:A Brief History of Egypt 13113:Dekmejian, Richard Hrair 12988:Cooper, Mark N. (1982), 12925:Lynne Rienner Publishers 12923:, vol. 1, Boulder: 12893:Brownlee, Jason (2007), 12598:Alexander, Anne (2005), 12421:Stela, Wojciech (2008). 11779:Laqueur, Walter (2006). 11754:Satloff, Robert (2007). 11449:. Al Nisr Publishing LLC 8433:Shemesh & Troen 1990 7194:(NRG website, in Hebrew) 6141: 6072:Hero of the Soviet Union 5978:) (1955; Dar al-Maaref) 5913:. He suffered two major 5842:In 1944, Nasser married 5580:Three Ds of antisemitism 5564:Wiener Holocaust Library 5514:Community Security Trust 5376:Black Death persecutions 4891:The Dearborn Independent 4864:Antisemitic publications 3863:towards the canal zone. 3844:between the PLO and the 2985:, a loose confederation. 2664:Mohamed Hassanein Heikal 2476:All-Palestine Government 1921:. Appeals for help from 1913:forces that secured the 1903:Mohammad Amin al-Husayni 1466:, known in Egypt as the 1234:Hero of the Soviet Union 927:This article is part of 491:Minister of the Interior 47: 20304:Cairo University alumni 18996:Fall of the Berlin Wall 18941:People Power Revolution 18926:Central American crisis 18866:1986 Black Sea incident 18516:1973 Afghan coup d'état 18414:Western Sahara conflict 18225:1966 Syrian coup d'état 18148:1963 Syrian coup d'état 18091:Portuguese Colonial War 18054:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 17819:1954 Syrian coup d'état 17696:Annexation of Hyderabad 17639:1947–1949 Palestine war 17318:Palestinian nationalism 17237:Flag of the Arab Revolt 16730:1966 Syrian coup d'état 16710:1963 Syrian coup d'état 16690:1961 Syrian coup d'état 14487:Prime Minister of Egypt 14386:11 (Aug. 2011), 363–85. 14258:Viorst, Milton (1987), 14084:Oxford University Press 13873:Reich, Bernard (1990), 13282:Hamad, Mahmoud (2008), 13184:Nasser: The Final Years 13090:Dawisha, Adeed (2009), 12972:Oxford University Press 12642:Ansari, Hamied (1986), 12524:Egypt: Military Society 11841:Achar, Gilbert (2011). 10590:Byman & Waxman 2002 9701:Adi & Sherwood 2003 8614:10 October 2017 at the 7774:Atiyeh & Oweis 1988 6868:Bibliotheca Alexandrina 6621:Bibliotheca Alexandrina 6029:Order of the White Lion 5772:El Nasser Salah El Dine 5529:Simon Wiesenthal Center 5281:Corneliu Zelea Codreanu 5055:The Occidental Observer 5018:Europa: The Last Battle 4966:Between Blacks and Jews 4964:The Secret Relationship 4218:political participation 3861:surface-to-air missiles 3617:Sabah Al-Salim Al-Sabah 3249:1967 Arab League summit 3193:Egyptian Special Forces 1547:human rights violations 1516:1970 Arab League summit 1270:Order of the White Lion 250:Prime Minister of Egypt 204:(1961–1965, 1968–1970) 21:Nasser (disambiguation) 20419:People of the Cold War 19290:Neoclassical economics 18801:Gulf of Sidra incident 18358:1969 Libyan revolution 18049:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 17834:1954 Geneva Conference 17594:Turkish straits crisis 17589:Corfu Channel incident 16745:1969 Libyan revolution 16623:1941 Iraqi coup d'état 15457: 15449: 15441: 15433: 15425: 15178: 15150: 15090: 15077:Second Syrian Republic 14997: 14952: 14924: 14791: 14530:Mohamed Sedki Sulayman 14410:1.02 (2019): 1950003. 14400:32.3 (2017): 593–608. 14391:Middle Eastern Studies 14302:Wilford, Hugh (2013). 13909:Rogan, Eugene (2011), 13638:Jordan in the 1967 War 13474:Kandil, Hazem (2012), 13351:Herf, Jeffrey (2009). 13200:Ferris, Jesse (2013), 13028:Daigle, Craig (2012), 12807:Botman, Selma (1988), 12756:Bidwell, Robin Leonard 12466:Copp, John W. (1986). 11918:The Socialist Register 10405:Meital, Yoram (2000). 7923:Tan & Acharya 2008 7122:. Simon and Schuster. 6503:Stephens, 1972, p. 22. 5999: 5894: 5870:Abd al-Hamid, b. 1951. 5839: 5714: 5539:Stephen Roth Institute 5502:Anti-Defamation League 4180: 4159:, which resulted in a 4126: 4115: 4104: 4089:United Nasserist Party 4010: 3964: 3897: 3813: 3793: 3706: 3680: 3672: 3624: 3596:with Egypt and Syria. 3575: 3558:Nasser (center), King 3496: 3473:intelligence apparatus 3409:, which serves as the 3396: 3306: 3270:On 8 February 1963, a 3231: 3147: 3095: 3050: 2986: 2943: 2926: 2842: 2803:(president) of Egypt. 2727: 2638: 2627: 2579: 2483: 2468:Faisal of Saudi Arabia 2450:Adoption of neutralism 2380: 2327: 2320: 2309: 2294: 2241: 2225: 2214: 2132: 2037: 1886: 1863:Egyptian Armed Force's 1847:Abdeen Palace Incident 1809: 1774:Royal Military Academy 1454:skyrocketed after his 1028:Free Officers Movement 571:Himself (as President) 280:Mohamed Sedki Sulayman 216:Ali Sabri (1965–1968) 124:Mohamed Sedki Sulayman 20284:Anti-Zionism in Egypt 20279:Antisemitism in Egypt 20140:Russia–NATO relations 20021:Jonathan Reed Winkler 19305:Democratic capitalism 19300:Supply-side economics 19268:American conservatism 19067:Breakup of Yugoslavia 18956:Bougainville conflict 18871:South Yemen civil war 18806:Martial law in Poland 18669:Nicaraguan Revolution 18644:Dirty War (Argentina) 18451:1971 JVP insurrection 18265:Years of Lead (Italy) 18143:North Yemen civil war 18061:Berlin Crisis of 1961 18037:Albanian–Soviet split 17969:1959 Tibetan uprising 17934:Syrian Crisis of 1957 17789:Iraqi Intifada (1952) 17649:1948 Arab–Israeli War 17303:Jordanian nationalism 17037:Arab Islamic Republic 17032:Arab Higher Committee 16909:Rashid Ali al-Gaylani 16889:Salah al-Din al-Bitar 16700:North Yemen civil war 16633:Arab–Israeli conflict 15456: 15448: 15440: 15432: 15424: 15176: 15148: 15089:First Syrian Republic 15088: 14996:First Syrian Republic 14995: 14984:First Syrian Republic 14950: 14922: 14790:Coat of arms of Egypt 14789: 14286:John Wiley & Sons 14280:Weston, Mark (2008), 14211:Yaqub, Salim (2004), 13754:The Middle East Today 13714:Yale University Press 13704:Osman, Tarek (2011), 13458:, Long Acre, London: 13310:McFarland and Company 13034:Yale University Press 12849:Brooks, Risa (2008), 12600:Nasser Life and Times 12548:Nasser, the Last Arab 12501:muzej-jugoslavije.org 12425:. Warsaw. p. 49. 11090:Bernard-Maugiron 2008 8350:International Affairs 6086:Order of the Republic 5997: 5892: 5829: 5697: 5246:William Luther Pierce 4924:The International Jew 4836:Stab-in-the-back myth 4819:Rootless cosmopolitan 4214:freedom of expression 4175: 4120: 4110: 4102: 4004: 3959: 3951:Jacques Chaban-Delmas 3895: 3799: 3776:Nasser observing the 3775: 3704: 3675: 3670: 3643:from Jordan, and the 3602: 3557: 3506:universal health care 3494: 3413:leading authority in 3375: 3344:, and Prime Minister 3297: 3217: 3210:North Yemen Civil War 3146:, Syria, October 1960 3141: 3077: 3045: 2976: 2941: 2924: 2824: 2722: 2667:technical specialist 2644:Algerian independence 2633: 2617: 2588:Constitution of Egypt 2577: 2544:Arab–Israeli conflict 2457: 2362: 2325: 2315: 2303: 2292: 2239: 2220: 2208: 2122: 2011: 1899:Arab Higher Committee 1895:1948 Arab–Israeli War 1876: 1869:1948 Arab–Israeli War 1804:Nasser (center) with 1803: 1492:North Yemen Civil War 1468:Tripartite Aggression 1336:Order of the Republic 1246:Order of the Republic 1075:North Yemen civil war 1023:Arab Higher Committee 1001:Deputy prime minister 900:1948 Arab–Israeli War 878:Years of service 872:Egyptian Armed Forces 187:Abdel Hamid al-Sarraj 19561:Non-Aligned Movement 19183:Peaceful coexistence 19137:North Borneo dispute 19052:German reunification 19047:Min Ping Yu No. 5202 18745:Salvadoran Civil War 18694:Grand Mosque seizure 18689:Yemenite War of 1979 18581:Mozambican Civil War 18536:Carnation Revolution 18491:Yemenite War of 1972 18429:1970 Polish protests 18260:1967 Hong Kong riots 18235:Argentine Revolution 18185:Guatemalan Civil War 18113:Cuban Missile Crisis 18027:Bay of Pigs Invasion 17899:1956 Poznań protests 17877:Geneva Summit (1955) 17479:Hukbalahap Rebellion 17458:Non-Aligned Movement 17338:Tunisian nationalism 17308:Lebanese nationalism 17268:Egyptian nationalism 17263:Algerian nationalism 17167:United Arab Republic 17042:Arab Liberation Army 17022:Arab Ba'ath Movement 16879:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr 15177:Syrian Arab Republic 15165:Syrian Arab Republic 15149:United Arab Republic 15137:United Arab Republic 14846:Abdel Fattah el-Sisi 14690:Kamal el-Din Hussein 14645:Abdel Latif Boghdadi 14007:Simon & Schuster 13911:The Arabs: A History 13792:Podeh, Elie (2004), 13774:Podeh, Elie (1999), 13752:Peretz, Don (1994), 13619:Nehru: Man Among Men 13549:Kyle, Keith (2011), 13460:Odhams Press Limited 13218:Ginat, Rami (2010), 13144:, Washington, D.C.: 13050:Dann, Uriel (1989), 12791:Simon & Schuster 12402:on 28 September 2018 12308:prazskyhradarchiv.cz 6615:Abdel Nasser, Hoda. 6494:Aburish, 2004, p.12. 6281:جمال عبد الناصر حسين 5986:Public Affairs Press 5729:, Sudan, and Libya. 5623:Zionist antisemitism 5430:Martyrdom in Judaism 5156:Richard Girnt Butler 4909:Hitlers Zweites Buch 4495:textbook controversy 4188:. President Sadat's 4071:'s 1997 founding of 3916:. Nasser was also a 3784:. General Commander 3758:political repression 3522:Arab Socialist Union 3469:state within a state 3354:Non-Aligned Movement 2968:United Arab Republic 2913:United Arab Republic 2907:United Arab Republic 2835:Saud of Saudi Arabia 2390:Palestinian fedayeen 2251:Abdel Latif Boghdadi 2201:Disputes with Naguib 2022:Kamel el-Din Hussein 2018:Abdel Latif Boghdadi 1956:The Egyptian singer 1815:King Fuad University 1808:(left) in army, 1940 1786:Return of the Spirit 1762:Egyptian nationalism 1476:United Arab Republic 1334:Grand Cordon BAR of 1325:Order of the Virtues 1244:Grand Cordon of the 1060:United Arab Republic 972:Arab Socialist Union 859:United Arab Republic 764:Arab Socialist Union 744:United Arab Republic 705:جمال عبد الناصر حسين 579:Non-Aligned Movement 193:Kamal el-Din Hussein 169:Abdel Latif Boghdadi 129:Himself (1967–1970) 108:Himself (1954–1962) 20459:Socialist feminists 20439:Presidents of Syria 20379:Egyptian socialists 20319:Critics of Islamism 20274:Abdel Nasser family 20006:Alex von Tunzelmann 19996:Vladimir Tismăneanu 19921:Thomas J. McCormick 19916:Jack F. Matlock Jr. 19816:Robert Hugh Ferrell 19679:Crusade for Freedom 19476:Illiberal democracy 19360:Ho Chi Minh Thought 19163:Eisenhower Doctrine 19016:Peaceful Revolution 19011:Romanian Revolution 18991:Revolutions of 1989 18976:1988 Polish strikes 18886:Operation INFEKTION 18881:1987 Lieyu massacre 18786:Eritrean Civil Wars 18769:Peruvian Revolution 18719:1979 Herat uprising 18709:Sino-Vietnamese War 18674:Uganda–Tanzania War 18654:Egyptian–Libyan War 18621:Third Indochina War 18616:Sino-Albanian split 18606:Ethiopian Civil War 18506:Eritrean Civil Wars 18446:Ping-pong diplomacy 18419:Cambodian Civil War 18245:Korean DMZ Conflict 18230:Cultural Revolution 18200:Dominican Civil War 18178:Tlatelolco massacre 17964:1959 Mosul uprising 17954:1958 Lebanon crisis 17681:Al-Wathbah uprising 17604:First Indochina War 17574:Iran crisis of 1946 17328:Sahrawi nationalism 16685:1959 Mosul uprising 16618:Great Syrian Revolt 14898:Presidents of Syria 14393:53.1 (2017): 51–68. 14333:, London: Longman, 14206:on 20 November 2016 13981:Options for Lebanon 13815:Pollack, Kenneth M. 13244:Infobase Publishing 12249:w.syrianhistory.com 11910:Abdel-Malek, Anouar 11240:. 20 September 2012 11141:on 19 November 2012 10812:. 26 September 2010 10411:Middle East Journal 9162:, pp. 208–209. 6438:حسام الدين الأمير, 5911:high blood pressure 5690:Regional leadership 5472:Spanish Inquisition 5371:Rhineland massacres 4881:Culture of Critique 4735:Cultural Bolshevism 4222:Miles Copeland, Jr. 3720:Khartoum Resolution 3572:mutual defense pact 3245:Khartoum Resolution 2873:Sulayman al-Nabulsi 2868:Eisenhower Doctrine 2827:Sulayman al-Nabulsi 2733:UN Security Council 2724:Movietone newsreels 2680:British imperialism 2209:Nasser (right) and 2183:Agrarian Reform Law 2036:, and Ahmad Shawki. 1950:square phylacteries 1942:"religious platoon" 1851:Hussein Sirri Pasha 1729:, the lives of the 1670:leaving certificate 1624:Young Egypt Society 1223:Yugoslav Great Star 20344:Egyptian feminists 20244:Gamal Abdel Nasser 20160:Russian Revolution 19956:Mary Elise Sarotte 19941:William B. Pickett 19866:Patrick J. Hearden 19846:Gabriel Gorodetsky 19841:Timothy Garton Ash 19826:Anneli Ute Gabanyi 19421:Ethnic nationalism 19173:Hallstein Doctrine 19057:Yemeni unification 18846:1985 Geneva Summit 18811:Casamance conflict 18714:New Jewel Movement 18699:Iranian Revolution 18684:Chadian–Libyan War 18631:Cambodian conflict 18611:Lebanese Civil War 18601:Western Sahara War 18576:June 1976 protests 18571:Cambodian genocide 18336:17 July Revolution 18290:Nigerian Civil War 18205:Rhodesian Bush War 18190:Colombian conflict 18133:Ramadan Revolution 17872:Bandung Conference 17748:Operation Valuable 17629:Partition of India 17333:Syrian nationalism 17313:Libyan nationalism 17273:Greater Mauritania 17189:The Arab Awakening 17172:United Arab States 17147:Rejectionist Front 16954:Gamal Abdel Nasser 16765:Yemeni unification 16755:Lebanese Civil War 16735:17 July Revolution 16705:Ramadan Revolution 16680:14 July Revolution 15465:Sultanate of Egypt 15458: 15450: 15442: 15434: 15426: 15307:Khedivate of Egypt 15179: 15151: 15091: 14998: 14953: 14925: 14805:Gamal Abdel Nasser 14792: 14640:Gamal Abdel Nasser 14462:President of Egypt 14447:Political offices 14365:(Routledge, 2019). 13497:Kimmerling, Baruch 13416:Ashgate Publishing 13355:. Yale University. 12553:St. Martin's Press 12447:on 26 October 2012 12144:, pp. 313–320 12099:. Al-Masry Al-Youm 11968:on 5 February 2009 11537:Al-Jazeera English 11506:The New York Times 11278:, pp. 100–101 11201:Al Jazeera English 11176:. 18 November 2011 11049:Gamal Abdel Nasser 10840:, pp. 315–316 10732:, pp. 309–310 10621:, pp. 297–298 10580:, pp. 288–290 10538:, pp. 299–301 10395:, pp. 270–271 10302:, pp. 268–269 10204:, pp. 260–261 10163:, pp. 252–254 10015:, pp. 254–255 10000:, pp. 158–159 9891:, pp. 238–239 9876:, pp. 363–365 9864:, pp. 258–259 9852:, pp. 235–236 9840:, pp. 205–206 9741:, pp. 235–237 9722:, pp. 200–201 9703:, pp. 140–141 9635:, pp. 222–223 9614:, pp. 243–244 9563:, pp. 215–217 9522:, pp. 209–211 9474:, pp. 207–208 9442:, pp. 204–205 9411:, pp. 189–191 9357:, pp. 179–180 9333:, pp. 181–183 9303:, pp. 176–178 9272:, pp. 169–170 9123:, pp. 174–175 8991:, pp. 161–162 8974:, pp. 160–161 8938:, pp. 202–203 8914:, pp. 150–151 8890:, pp. 199–200 8851:, pp. 191–192 8834:, pp. 138–139 8811:, pp. 130–131 8760:, pp. 181–182 8686:, pp. 135–136 8590:on 25 January 2008 8511:, pp. 113–114 8496:, pp. 445–446 8414:, pp. 118–119 8318:, pp. 103–104 8174:, pp. 105–106 8027:, pp. 111–112 7776:, pp. 331–332 6448:on 29 January 2022 6416:has generic name ( 6000: 5895: 5840: 5812:television series 5806:Gamal Abdel Nasser 5769:produced the film 5715: 5440:Pale of Settlement 5346:Gamal Abdel Nasser 5266:Kevin Alfred Strom 5251:Richard B. Spencer 5094:Triple parentheses 4977:The Turner Diaries 4950:Our Race Will Rule 4919:1988 Hamas Charter 4713:Antisemitic tropes 4599:Christian Identity 4532:Conservative Party 4181: 4127: 4105: 4011: 3965: 3898: 3876:Arab League summit 3814: 3794: 3715:Arab League summit 3707: 3673: 3625: 3621:Abd al-Rahman Arif 3613:Abdullah al-Sallal 3576: 3514:vocational schools 3510:affordable housing 3497: 3397: 3311:Arab League summit 3307: 3304:Abdullah al-Sallal 3236:Abdullah al-Sallal 3232: 3228:Arab League summit 3148: 3112:revolution in Iraq 3096: 3092:Abdel Hamid Sarraj 3009:over pan-Arabism. 2999:Abdel Hamid Sarraj 2995:United Arab States 2987: 2983:United Arab States 2944: 2927: 2852:Voice of the Arabs 2843: 2728: 2676:Suez Canal Company 2639: 2628: 2580: 2538:, support for the 2488:Bandung Conference 2484: 2480:Bandung Conference 2393:tightening of the 2381: 2328: 2310: 2295: 2242: 2226: 2215: 2196:Road to presidency 2163:lieutenant colonel 2133: 2109:Revolution of 1952 2090:Hussein Sirri Amer 2050:Ibrahim Abdel Hadi 2038: 1970:Muslim Brotherhood 1965:during the siege. 1887: 1810: 1460:Suez Canal Company 1433:Muslim Brotherhood 1421:president of Egypt 1065:Operation Damocles 937:Gamal Abdel Nasser 890:Lieutenant colonel 724:Sultanate of Egypt 74:President of Egypt 41:Gamal Abdel Nasser 20414:Muslim socialists 20399:Holocaust deniers 20339:Egyptian colonels 20289:Anti-imperialists 20231: 20230: 20191: 20190: 20178:List of conflicts 20026:Rudolph Winnacker 19971:Giles Scott-Smith 19946:Ronald E. Powaski 19901:Melvyn P. Leffler 19831:John Lewis Gaddis 19806:Robert D. English 19771:Warren H. Carroll 19761:Michael Beschloss 19730:Nuclear arms race 19711: 19710: 19617:Neues Deutschland 19519: 19518: 19501:White nationalism 19471:Liberal democracy 19208:Ulbricht Doctrine 19198:Brezhnev Doctrine 19006:Velvet Revolution 18750:Soviet–Afghan War 18566:Angolan Civil War 18363:Goulash Communism 18220:ASEAN Declaration 18173:Mexican Dirty War 18071:Annexation of Goa 18022:1960 U-2 incident 17996:Sino-Soviet split 17974:Laotian Civil War 17814:Bricker Amendment 17794:Mau Mau rebellion 17738:Malayan Emergency 17726:Chinese Civil War 17686:Tito–Stalin split 17540:Division of Korea 17364: 17363: 17293:Iraqi nationalism 16984:Constantin Zureiq 16834:Abdul Rahman Arif 16814:Butrus al-Bustani 16500: 16499: 16297: 16296: 15914: 15913: 15690:Republic of Egypt 15249: 15248: 14923:Syrian Federation 14911:Syrian Federation 14864: 14863: 14728: 14727: 14695:Abdel Moneim Amin 14680:Hussein el-Shafei 14665:Zakaria Mohieddin 14578: 14577: 14569:Succeeded by 14542:Succeeded by 14517:Succeeded by 14494:Succeeded by 14469:Succeeded by 14423:Waterbury, John. 14416:Shechter, Relli. 14361:Hasou, Tawfig Y. 14340:978-0-582-03388-7 14317:978-0-465-01965-6 14295:978-0-470-18257-4 14273:978-1-85043-064-3 14248:978-0-85664-433-7 14226:978-0-8078-5508-9 14161:978-9971-69-393-0 14139:978-0-7391-1784-2 14117:978-0-8156-2354-0 14093:978-0-19-511739-4 14062:978-1-107-00236-4 14038:978-0-7146-3356-5 14016:978-0-671-21224-7 13994:978-1-85043-928-8 13972:978-0-520-06976-3 13945:978-0-7656-1747-7 13920:978-0-465-02822-1 13902:978-0-88297-028-8 13884:978-0-313-26213-5 13866:978-0-8122-4498-4 13853:How Rivalries End 13836:978-0-8032-3733-9 13823:Lincoln, Nebraska 13807:978-0-8130-2704-3 13785:978-1-902210-20-9 13767:978-0-275-94576-3 13745:978-0-8130-1383-1 13723:978-0-300-16275-2 13697:978-0-525-16415-9 13686:, New York City: 13668:978-3-933127-61-7 13648:978-0-521-52858-0 13628:978-81-7099-196-0 13610:978-1-58648-680-8 13586:978-0-691-13780-3 13564:978-1-84885-533-5 13542:978-0-7146-4840-8 13520:978-0-674-01129-8 13489:978-1-84467-962-1 13447:978-1-58826-034-5 13425:978-0-7546-6170-2 13403:978-1-86064-963-9 13378:978-0-674-01017-8 13344:978-0-385-06447-7 13333:, New York City: 13319:978-0-7864-4156-3 13293:978-1-243-97653-6 13275:978-0-520-21925-0 13253:978-0-8160-6672-8 13229:978-1-84519-396-6 13211:978-0-691-15514-2 13193:978-0-86372-211-0 13175:978-1-135-09415-7 13155:978-1-58603-757-4 13130:978-0-87395-080-0 13105:978-0-691-10273-3 13083:978-1-136-22018-0 13061:978-0-19-536121-6 13043:978-0-300-16713-9 13021:978-0-7146-4772-2 12999:978-0-7099-0721-3 12981:978-0-19-979526-0 12956:978-0-521-00780-1 12945:, New York City: 12934:978-1-55587-559-6 12908:978-0-521-86951-5 12897:, New York City: 12886:978-0-231-12038-8 12875:, New York City: 12864:978-0-691-12980-8 12842:978-1-84467-010-9 12818:978-0-8156-2443-1 12800:978-1-4165-4440-1 12789:, New York City: 12773:978-0-7103-0505-3 12748:978-977-416-201-5 12726:978-977-424-890-0 12701:978-0-7914-9541-4 12690:, New York City: 12679:978-0-275-99589-8 12657:978-0-7914-9499-8 12635:978-0-415-41449-4 12624:, New York City: 12613:978-1-904341-83-3 12591:978-0-415-17352-0 12580:, New York City: 12562:978-0-312-28683-5 12551:, New York City: 12526:, New York City: 12520:Abdelmalek, Anwar 12503:. September 2020. 12479:10.15760/etd.5681 12097:Egypt Independent 11956:"Muammar Gaddafi" 11823:978-0-297-78719-8 11796:978-0-19-530429-9 11765:978-1-58648-510-8 11298:Egypt Independent 11233:Egypt Independent 10701:978-1-4128-2418-7 10686:Itamar Rabinovich 10074:978-0-253-34298-0 9503:, pp. 55–56. 9246:978-0-307-27051-1 7129:978-0-7432-3464-1 6358:. Merriam-Webster 5761:Portrayal in film 5673: 5672: 5455:Russian Civil War 5396:Ghettos in Europe 5226:Ernest G. Liebold 5125:Prominent figures 5006:The Daily Stormer 4896:Ethnic Cleansing 4876:The Barnes Review 4755:Franklin Prophecy 4233:Zakaria Mohieddin 4200:Some of Nasser's 4037:influence waned. 4027:liberal democracy 4015:British influence 3882:Death and funeral 3872:military campaign 3846:Lebanese military 3834:Palestinian state 3830:Battle of Karameh 3790:Abdel Moneim Riad 3732:UN Resolution 242 3713:At the 29 August 3702: 3629:Israeli Air Force 3560:Hussein of Jordan 3530:Hussein el-Shafei 3463:Rivalry with Amer 3390:Hussein el-Shafei 3386:Zakaria Mohieddin 3289:Nasserist colonel 3261:pro-Nasser clique 3084:crisis in Lebanon 3031:Abdel Karim Qasim 3023:Nikita Khrushchev 3007:pan-Islamic unity 2964:Shukri al-Quwatli 2939: 2922: 2880:Hussein of Jordan 2831:Hussein of Jordan 2785:forced expulsions 2720: 2600:National Assembly 2596:public referendum 2420:Western countries 2349:Abdel Halim Hafez 2301: 2247:secretary-general 2237: 2014:Zakaria Mohieddin 1755:Winston Churchill 1743:Otto von Bismarck 1672:later that year. 1600:and, in 1923, to 1414: 1413: 1346:Order of the Nile 945: 944: 909: 908: 854:Republic of Egypt 733:28 September 1970 665: 664: 533:Zakaria Mohieddin 202:Hussein el-Shafei 118:Zakaria Mohieddin 20466: 20354:Egyptian Muslims 20299:Burials in Egypt 20220: 20219: 20218: 20208: 20207: 20206: 20199: 19936:David S. Painter 19861:John Earl Haynes 19791:Nicholas J. Cull 19776:Adrian Cioroianu 19756:Thomas A. Bailey 19703:Voice of America 19594: 19593: 19506:White separatism 19486:Social democracy 19481:Guided democracy 19461:Authoritarianism 19411:Ultranationalism 19401:Anti-imperialism 19328:Marxism–Leninism 19241: 19240: 19228:Kinmen Agreement 19193:Johnson Doctrine 19178:Kennedy Doctrine 19094:Frozen conflicts 19077:1991 August Coup 18966:Afghan Civil War 18861:Reykjavík Summit 18856:Somali Rebellion 18796:Ugandan Bush War 18774:Gdańsk Agreement 18295:Protests of 1968 18275:War of Attrition 17984:Cuban Revolution 17920:We will bury you 17887:Cyprus Emergency 17867:Kashmir Princess 17857:Jebel Akhdar War 17706:Western betrayal 17391: 17384: 17377: 17368: 17367: 17354: 17353: 17227:Eagle of Saladin 16934:Amin al-Husseini 16899:Faisal I of Iraq 16869:Sultan al-Atrash 16864:Mansur al-Atrash 16839:Abdul Salam Arif 16648:War of Attrition 16534:Arab nationalism 16527: 16520: 16513: 16504: 16503: 16324: 16317: 16310: 16301: 16300: 15941: 15934: 15927: 15918: 15917: 15903: 15893: 15881: 15871: 15505:Kingdom of Egypt 15288: 15287: 15276: 15269: 15262: 15253: 15252: 15244: 14891: 14884: 14877: 14868: 14867: 14828:Muhammad Tantawi 14767: 14766: 14755: 14748: 14741: 14732: 14731: 14670:Khaled Mohieddin 14650:Abdel Hakim Amer 14617: 14610: 14603: 14594: 14593: 14581: 14580: 14552:Preceded by 14527:Preceded by 14502:Preceded by 14479:Preceded by 14452:Preceded by 14444: 14443: 14384:Cold War History 14375:Khalifah, Omar. 14343: 14332: 14321: 14309: 14298: 14276: 14251: 14229: 14207: 14205: 14199:, archived from 14174: 14164: 14142: 14120: 14096: 14074: 14065: 14041: 14029:Psychology Press 14019: 13997: 13975: 13948: 13923: 13905: 13887: 13869: 13855:, Philadelphia: 13847: 13810: 13788: 13770: 13748: 13726: 13711: 13700: 13685: 13676:Nutting, Anthony 13671: 13651: 13631: 13613: 13589: 13567: 13545: 13533:Psychology Press 13523: 13492: 13470: 13450: 13428: 13406: 13381: 13356: 13347: 13322: 13307: 13296: 13278: 13256: 13232: 13214: 13196: 13178: 13158: 13138:Dokos, Thanos P. 13133: 13108: 13086: 13064: 13046: 13024: 13012:Psychology Press 13002: 12984: 12959: 12937: 12922: 12911: 12889: 12867: 12845: 12821: 12803: 12776: 12751: 12729: 12704: 12682: 12660: 12638: 12616: 12594: 12574:Sherwood, Marika 12565: 12543:Aburish, Said K. 12538: 12505: 12504: 12498: 12490: 12484: 12483: 12481: 12463: 12457: 12456: 12454: 12452: 12443:. Archived from 12433: 12427: 12426: 12418: 12412: 12411: 12409: 12407: 12401: 12395:. Archived from 12390: 12382: 12376: 12375: 12373: 12371: 12356: 12350: 12349: 12347: 12345: 12335: 12326: 12320: 12319: 12317: 12315: 12300: 12294: 12293: 12291: 12289: 12278: 12272: 12266: 12260: 12259: 12257: 12255: 12241: 12235: 12229: 12223: 12217: 12211: 12208:Goldschmidt 2008 12205: 12196: 12190: 12181: 12175: 12169: 12163: 12157: 12151: 12145: 12139: 12133: 12127: 12121: 12115: 12109: 12108: 12106: 12104: 12088: 12082: 12076: 12070: 12069: 12067: 12065: 12047: 12041: 12035: 12029: 12023: 12017: 12011: 12002: 11996: 11990: 11984: 11978: 11977: 11975: 11973: 11964:. Archived from 11951: 11945: 11939: 11933: 11932: 11931: 11929: 11906: 11900: 11894: 11883: 11877: 11871: 11865: 11859: 11853: 11847: 11846: 11838: 11832: 11831: 11807: 11801: 11800: 11776: 11770: 11769: 11751: 11745: 11739: 11733: 11727: 11721: 11715: 11709: 11703: 11694: 11688: 11682: 11676: 11667: 11666: 11634: 11628: 11622: 11616: 11610: 11601: 11595: 11586: 11585: 11583: 11581: 11572:. Archived from 11559: 11553: 11552: 11550: 11548: 11527: 11518: 11517: 11515: 11513: 11499:(25 July 2013). 11493: 11487: 11486: 11485: 11483: 11465: 11459: 11458: 11456: 11454: 11436: 11430: 11424: 11418: 11412: 11406: 11400: 11394: 11393: 11391: 11389: 11371: 11365: 11359: 11353: 11347: 11338: 11332: 11326: 11320: 11314: 11313: 11311: 11309: 11303:Al-Masry Al-Youm 11288: 11279: 11273: 11267: 11266:, pp. 67–68 11261: 11250: 11249: 11247: 11245: 11238:Al-Masry Al-Youm 11224: 11218: 11217: 11215: 11213: 11192: 11186: 11185: 11183: 11181: 11160: 11151: 11150: 11148: 11146: 11126: 11120: 11114: 11105: 11099: 11093: 11087: 11081: 11075: 11064: 11058: 11052: 11046: 11040: 11039: 11037: 11035: 11030:on 6 August 2009 11026:. Archived from 11010:Shukrallah, Hani 11006: 10989: 10983: 10974: 10968: 10962: 10956: 10941: 10935: 10929: 10923: 10917: 10916: 10906: 10900: 10894: 10888: 10887: 10885: 10883: 10878:on 13 March 2010 10862: 10841: 10835: 10822: 10821: 10819: 10817: 10800: 10794: 10788: 10775: 10769: 10760: 10754: 10745: 10739: 10733: 10727: 10721: 10715: 10709: 10708: 10682: 10676: 10670: 10664: 10658: 10649: 10643: 10634: 10628: 10622: 10616: 10605: 10599: 10593: 10587: 10581: 10575: 10566: 10560: 10554: 10548: 10539: 10533: 10527: 10521: 10512: 10506: 10495: 10489: 10478: 10472: 10466: 10460: 10454: 10448: 10439: 10433: 10427: 10426: 10402: 10396: 10390: 10384: 10378: 10372: 10371:, pp. 89–90 10366: 10357: 10351: 10342: 10336: 10327: 10321: 10315: 10309: 10303: 10297: 10288: 10282: 10276: 10270: 10261: 10255: 10244: 10238: 10232: 10226: 10217: 10211: 10205: 10199: 10188: 10182: 10176: 10170: 10164: 10158: 10152: 10146: 10140: 10134: 10125: 10119: 10110: 10104: 10095: 10089: 10083: 10082: 10062: 10052: 10043: 10042:, pp. 77–78 10037: 10031: 10025: 10016: 10010: 10001: 9995: 9989: 9983: 9977: 9971: 9958: 9952: 9946: 9940: 9931: 9925: 9916: 9910: 9904: 9898: 9892: 9886: 9877: 9871: 9865: 9859: 9853: 9847: 9841: 9835: 9824: 9818: 9812: 9811:, pp. 71–72 9806: 9800: 9794: 9788: 9782: 9771: 9765: 9754: 9748: 9742: 9736: 9723: 9717: 9704: 9698: 9687: 9681: 9675: 9669: 9663: 9657: 9651: 9645: 9636: 9630: 9615: 9609: 9600: 9599:, pp. 82–83 9594: 9588: 9582: 9576: 9570: 9564: 9558: 9547: 9546:, pp. 76–77 9541: 9535: 9529: 9523: 9517: 9504: 9498: 9492: 9486: 9475: 9469: 9458: 9452: 9443: 9437: 9424: 9418: 9412: 9406: 9397: 9391: 9385: 9379: 9370: 9364: 9358: 9352: 9346: 9340: 9334: 9328: 9319: 9313: 9304: 9298: 9285: 9279: 9273: 9267: 9258: 9257: 9255: 9253: 9230: 9224: 9218: 9209: 9204: 9198: 9193: 9187: 9181: 9175: 9169: 9163: 9157: 9151: 9145: 9139: 9133: 9124: 9118: 9109: 9108: 9106: 9104: 9061: 9055: 9054: 9052: 9050: 9023:Cold War History 9013: 9004: 8998: 8992: 8986: 8975: 8969: 8963: 8957: 8951: 8945: 8939: 8933: 8927: 8926:, pp. 44–45 8921: 8915: 8909: 8903: 8897: 8891: 8885: 8879: 8873: 8867: 8861: 8852: 8846: 8835: 8829: 8812: 8806: 8800: 8794: 8788: 8782: 8776: 8770: 8761: 8755: 8742: 8736: 8730: 8724: 8715: 8709: 8698: 8693: 8687: 8681: 8670: 8664: 8658: 8652: 8643: 8637: 8631: 8625: 8619: 8606: 8600: 8599: 8597: 8595: 8579: 8573: 8567: 8561: 8560: 8558: 8556: 8551:. United Nations 8545: 8539: 8533: 8527: 8521: 8512: 8506: 8497: 8491: 8480: 8474: 8465: 8459: 8453: 8447: 8436: 8430: 8415: 8409: 8398: 8392: 8386: 8380: 8374: 8368: 8362: 8361: 8360: 8358: 8337: 8331: 8325: 8319: 8313: 8307: 8301: 8295: 8289: 8283: 8277: 8271: 8265: 8259: 8253: 8244: 8243: 8241: 8239: 8222: 8213: 8207: 8190: 8187:Goldschmidt 2008 8184: 8175: 8169: 8163: 8157: 8144: 8138: 8132: 8126: 8115: 8109: 8103: 8097: 8091: 8085: 8076: 8070: 8061: 8055: 8049: 8043: 8028: 8022: 8016: 8010: 8004: 7998: 7992: 7986: 7980: 7979:, pp. 65–66 7974: 7965: 7959: 7953: 7947: 7941: 7935: 7926: 7920: 7911: 7910: 7908: 7906: 7871:Cold War History 7861: 7855: 7854:, pp. 45–46 7849: 7843: 7837: 7822: 7821:, pp. 38–39 7816: 7801: 7795: 7789: 7783: 7777: 7771: 7762: 7756: 7741: 7735: 7729: 7723: 7710: 7704: 7693: 7692:, pp. 54–55 7687: 7681: 7680:, pp. 52–53 7675: 7669: 7663: 7652: 7646: 7640: 7634: 7628: 7622: 7616: 7610: 7599: 7593: 7587: 7581: 7575: 7569: 7563: 7557: 7546: 7540: 7531: 7525: 7512: 7506: 7500: 7494: 7488: 7487:, pp. 46–47 7482: 7469: 7463: 7454: 7448: 7442: 7436: 7430: 7424: 7415: 7414:, pp. 38–39 7409: 7403: 7397: 7388: 7382: 7376: 7375:, pp. 36–37 7370: 7364: 7363:, pp. 35–39 7358: 7345: 7344:, pp. 34–35 7339: 7330: 7324: 7307: 7301: 7290: 7284: 7275: 7269: 7263: 7262:, pp. 27–28 7257: 7234: 7228: 7219: 7213: 7207: 7201: 7195: 7186: 7180: 7177: 7171: 7165: 7156: 7155: 7153: 7151: 7140: 7134: 7133: 7113: 7107: 7101: 7095: 7094:, pp. 25–26 7089: 7076: 7070: 7064: 7058: 7049: 7043: 7037: 7031: 7025: 7019: 7013: 7007: 6996: 6990: 6984: 6978: 6965: 6959: 6953: 6947: 6941: 6935: 6929: 6923: 6910: 6909:, pp. 15–16 6904: 6891: 6885: 6879: 6878: 6876: 6874: 6860: 6854: 6848: 6837: 6836:, pp. 26–27 6831: 6818: 6817:, pp. 11–12 6812: 6801: 6795: 6789: 6788:, pp. 19–20 6783: 6774: 6768: 6762: 6756: 6747: 6741: 6735: 6729: 6723: 6717: 6711: 6705: 6699: 6693: 6680: 6674: 6668: 6667:, pp. 33–34 6662: 6656: 6650: 6644: 6638: 6632: 6631: 6629: 6627: 6612: 6579: 6573: 6558: 6557:, pp. 28–32 6552: 6543: 6537: 6531: 6530:, pp. 12–13 6525: 6519: 6513: 6504: 6501: 6495: 6492: 6486: 6480: 6474: 6473:, pp. 23–24 6468: 6457: 6456: 6455: 6453: 6444:, archived from 6435: 6429: 6428: 6421: 6415: 6411: 6409: 6401: 6399: 6397: 6374: 6368: 6367: 6365: 6363: 6346: 6340: 6339: 6337: 6335: 6315: 6293: 6291: 6286: 6285:Egyptian Arabic: 6282: 6274: 6273: 6270: 6269: 6266: 6263: 6260: 6257: 6250: 6242: 6241: 6238: 6237: 6234: 6231: 6228: 6225: 6220: 6219: 6216: 6213: 6210: 6207: 6203: 6202: 6199: 6196: 6193: 6190: 6187: 6183: 6182: 6179: 6176: 6173: 6170: 6167: 6160: 6152: 6131:War of Attrition 6052:(DMN (K)) (1965) 6011: 5977: 5947: 5903:arteriosclerosis 5684:Johann von Leers 5665: 5658: 5651: 5637: 5636: 5316:Nichifor Crainic 5261:Julius Streicher 5201:Heinrich Himmler 5066:Renegade Tribune 4787:Judeo-Bolshevism 4766: 4760:Host desecration 4740:Cultural Marxism 4626:Holocaust denial 4266: 4243: 4242: 4019:developing world 3906:arteriosclerosis 3818:War of Attrition 3782:War of Attrition 3730:Nasser accepted 3703: 3684: 3639:from Egypt, the 3564:Abdel Hakim Amer 3502:new constitution 3276:Abdel Salam Aref 3224:Abdel Salam Aref 3165:Khaled Mohieddin 3100:Abdel Salam Aref 3088:Akram al-Hawrani 3069:Jebel Akhdar War 3062:, culminated in 3054: 3019:Akram al-Hawrani 2979:Muhammad al-Badr 2940: 2923: 2829:of Jordan, King 2781:prisoners of war 2742:secret agreement 2721: 2688:Henry A. Byroade 2604:women's suffrage 2563:Jawaharlal Nehru 2440:Benito Mussolini 2426:and concluded a 2353:Arab nationalist 2302: 2238: 2074:Khaled Mohieddin 2026:Abdel Hakim Amer 1855:Mostafa El-Nahas 1828:Abdel Hakim Amer 1705:Early influences 1693: 1681: 1621:ultranationalist 1531:anti-imperialist 1508:War of Attrition 1406: 1399: 1392: 1373: 1366: 1358: 1344: 1333: 1323: 1313: 1303: 1291: 1279: 1267: 1255: 1243: 1232: 1221: 1048: 1005: 998: 991: 941: 940: 938: 931: 930: 922: 915: 914: 911: 910: 849:Kingdom of Egypt 837:Military service 832: 813:Military officer 788: 786: 736: 716: 714: 707: 706: 701: 690:Personal details 656: 644: 635: 625: 622:Chairman of the 611: 599: 590: 580: 568: 558: 549: 530: 520: 510: 501: 482: 470: 460: 451: 439: 427: 417: 408: 385: 384: 376: 366: 349: 337: 327: 301: 287: 277: 260: 238: 226: 175:Abdel Hakim Amer 163:Akram al-Hawrani 151: 141: 103: 93: 84: 60: 50: 32: 31: 20474: 20473: 20469: 20468: 20467: 20465: 20464: 20463: 20234: 20233: 20232: 20227: 20226: 20216: 20214: 20204: 20202: 20194: 20192: 20187: 20164: 20155:Second Cold War 20113: 20041: 20035: 20011:Odd Arne Westad 20001:Patrick Vaughan 19986:Athan Theoharis 19966:Ellen Schrecker 19951:Yakov M. Rabkin 19926:Timothy Naftali 19871:Tvrtko Jakovina 19856:Jussi Hanhimäki 19739: 19717: 19707: 19685:Paix et Liberté 19660: 19604:Active measures 19585: 19515: 19496:White supremacy 19456:Totalitarianism 19384: 19309: 19232: 19218:Reagan Doctrine 19213:Carter Doctrine 19153:Truman Doctrine 19141: 19088: 19020: 18915:Soviet reaction 18826:Ndogboyosoi War 18733: 18704:Saur Revolution 18531:1973 oil crisis 18496:Munich massacre 18404:Alcora Exercise 18399:Black September 18377: 18123:Sino-Indian War 18017:Simba rebellion 18000: 17844:Capture of the 17752: 17691:Berlin Blockade 17624:May 1947 crises 17614:Truman Doctrine 17579:Greek Civil War 17568:Blacklist Forty 17535:Gouzenko Affair 17522:Cursed soldiers 17474:Morgenthau Plan 17462: 17400: 17395: 17365: 17360: 17342: 17278:Greater Morocco 17251: 17247:Pan-Arab colors 17242:Hawk of Quraish 17208: 17176: 17027:Arab Federation 16988: 16974:Abdullah Rimawi 16949:Mostéfa Merarda 16904:Muammar Gaddafi 16884:Ahmed Ben Bella 16859:Jamal al-Atassi 16849:Bashar al-Assad 16800: 16769: 16750:Black September 16628:Anglo-Iraqi War 16572: 16536: 16531: 16501: 16496: 16333: 16328: 16298: 16293: 16172: 15960: 15959:Organisation of 15954: 15945: 15915: 15910: 15854: 15780:A. F. Mohieddin 15692: 15684: 15507: 15499: 15467: 15459: 15451: 15443: 15435: 15427: 15416: 15309: 15301: 15290:Prime ministers 15282: 15280: 15250: 15245: 15242: 15236: 15167: 15159: 15139: 15131: 15079: 15071: 14986: 14978: 14941: 14933: 14913: 14905: 14895: 14865: 14860: 14850: 14793: 14779: 14761: 14759: 14729: 14724: 14626: 14621: 14586: 14574: 14565: 14557: 14555:Josip Broz Tito 14547: 14538: 14532: 14522: 14513: 14507: 14497: 14490: 14482: 14474: 14465: 14457: 14434: 14351: 14349:Further reading 14346: 14341: 14318: 14310:. Basic Books. 14296: 14274: 14249: 14227: 14215:, Chapel Hill: 14203: 14172: 14162: 14140: 14130:Lexington Books 14118: 14094: 14063: 14039: 14017: 13995: 13973: 13946: 13921: 13903: 13885: 13867: 13837: 13808: 13796:, Gainesville: 13786: 13768: 13746: 13734:, Gainesville: 13724: 13698: 13669: 13649: 13629: 13611: 13587: 13565: 13543: 13521: 13501:Migdal, Joel S. 13490: 13448: 13426: 13404: 13386:Hourani, Albert 13379: 13361:Hourani, Albert 13345: 13320: 13294: 13276: 13254: 13230: 13212: 13194: 13176: 13156: 13131: 13106: 13084: 13062: 13044: 13022: 13000: 12982: 12964:Cook, Steven A. 12957: 12935: 12909: 12887: 12865: 12843: 12819: 12801: 12774: 12749: 12727: 12702: 12680: 12658: 12636: 12614: 12604:Haus Publishing 12592: 12563: 12514: 12509: 12508: 12496: 12492: 12491: 12487: 12464: 12460: 12450: 12448: 12435: 12434: 12430: 12419: 12415: 12405: 12403: 12399: 12393:istiadat.gov.my 12388: 12384: 12383: 12379: 12369: 12367: 12364:ritarikunnat.fi 12358: 12357: 12353: 12343: 12341: 12333: 12327: 12323: 12313: 12311: 12302: 12301: 12297: 12287: 12285: 12280: 12279: 12275: 12267: 12263: 12253: 12251: 12243: 12242: 12238: 12230: 12226: 12218: 12214: 12206: 12199: 12191: 12184: 12176: 12172: 12164: 12160: 12152: 12148: 12140: 12136: 12128: 12124: 12116: 12112: 12102: 12100: 12089: 12085: 12077: 12073: 12063: 12061: 12048: 12044: 12036: 12032: 12024: 12020: 12012: 12005: 11997: 11993: 11985: 11981: 11971: 11969: 11952: 11948: 11940: 11936: 11927: 11925: 11907: 11903: 11895: 11886: 11878: 11874: 11866: 11862: 11854: 11850: 11839: 11835: 11824: 11808: 11804: 11797: 11777: 11773: 11766: 11752: 11748: 11740: 11736: 11728: 11724: 11716: 11712: 11704: 11697: 11689: 11685: 11681:, pp. ix–x 11677: 11670: 11635: 11631: 11623: 11619: 11611: 11604: 11596: 11589: 11579: 11577: 11576:on 30 June 2013 11569:Al-Ahram Weekly 11560: 11556: 11546: 11544: 11528: 11521: 11511: 11509: 11494: 11490: 11481: 11479: 11466: 11462: 11452: 11450: 11437: 11433: 11425: 11421: 11413: 11409: 11401: 11397: 11387: 11385: 11372: 11368: 11360: 11356: 11348: 11341: 11333: 11329: 11321: 11317: 11307: 11305: 11289: 11282: 11274: 11270: 11262: 11253: 11243: 11241: 11226: 11225: 11221: 11211: 11209: 11194: 11193: 11189: 11179: 11177: 11162: 11161: 11154: 11144: 11142: 11135:Al-Ahram Weekly 11127: 11123: 11115: 11108: 11100: 11096: 11088: 11084: 11076: 11067: 11059: 11055: 11047: 11043: 11033: 11031: 11019:Al-Ahram Weekly 11007: 10992: 10984: 10977: 10969: 10965: 10957: 10944: 10936: 10932: 10924: 10920: 10908: 10907: 10903: 10895: 10891: 10881: 10879: 10864: 10863: 10844: 10836: 10825: 10815: 10813: 10802: 10801: 10797: 10789: 10778: 10770: 10763: 10755: 10748: 10740: 10736: 10728: 10724: 10716: 10712: 10702: 10688:; Haim Shaked. 10683: 10679: 10671: 10667: 10659: 10652: 10644: 10637: 10629: 10625: 10617: 10608: 10600: 10596: 10588: 10584: 10576: 10569: 10561: 10557: 10549: 10542: 10534: 10530: 10522: 10515: 10507: 10498: 10490: 10481: 10473: 10469: 10461: 10457: 10449: 10442: 10434: 10430: 10403: 10399: 10391: 10387: 10379: 10375: 10367: 10360: 10352: 10345: 10337: 10330: 10322: 10318: 10310: 10306: 10298: 10291: 10283: 10279: 10271: 10264: 10256: 10247: 10239: 10235: 10227: 10220: 10212: 10208: 10200: 10191: 10183: 10179: 10171: 10167: 10159: 10155: 10147: 10143: 10135: 10128: 10120: 10113: 10105: 10098: 10090: 10086: 10075: 10053: 10046: 10038: 10034: 10026: 10019: 10011: 10004: 9996: 9992: 9984: 9980: 9972: 9961: 9953: 9949: 9941: 9934: 9926: 9919: 9911: 9907: 9899: 9895: 9887: 9880: 9874:Abdelmalek 1968 9872: 9868: 9860: 9856: 9848: 9844: 9836: 9827: 9819: 9815: 9807: 9803: 9795: 9791: 9783: 9774: 9766: 9757: 9749: 9745: 9737: 9726: 9718: 9707: 9699: 9690: 9682: 9678: 9670: 9666: 9658: 9654: 9646: 9639: 9631: 9618: 9610: 9603: 9595: 9591: 9583: 9579: 9571: 9567: 9559: 9550: 9542: 9538: 9530: 9526: 9518: 9507: 9499: 9495: 9487: 9478: 9470: 9461: 9453: 9446: 9438: 9427: 9419: 9415: 9407: 9400: 9392: 9388: 9380: 9373: 9365: 9361: 9353: 9349: 9341: 9337: 9329: 9322: 9314: 9307: 9299: 9288: 9280: 9276: 9268: 9261: 9251: 9249: 9247: 9231: 9227: 9219: 9212: 9205: 9201: 9194: 9190: 9182: 9178: 9170: 9166: 9158: 9154: 9146: 9142: 9134: 9127: 9119: 9112: 9102: 9100: 9062: 9058: 9048: 9046: 9014: 9007: 8999: 8995: 8987: 8978: 8970: 8966: 8958: 8954: 8946: 8942: 8934: 8930: 8922: 8918: 8910: 8906: 8898: 8894: 8886: 8882: 8874: 8870: 8862: 8855: 8847: 8838: 8830: 8815: 8807: 8803: 8795: 8791: 8783: 8779: 8771: 8764: 8756: 8745: 8737: 8733: 8725: 8718: 8710: 8701: 8694: 8690: 8682: 8673: 8665: 8661: 8653: 8646: 8638: 8634: 8626: 8622: 8616:Wayback Machine 8607: 8603: 8593: 8591: 8580: 8576: 8568: 8564: 8554: 8552: 8547: 8546: 8542: 8534: 8530: 8522: 8515: 8507: 8500: 8492: 8483: 8475: 8468: 8460: 8456: 8448: 8439: 8431: 8418: 8410: 8401: 8393: 8389: 8381: 8377: 8369: 8365: 8356: 8354: 8338: 8334: 8326: 8322: 8314: 8310: 8302: 8298: 8290: 8286: 8278: 8274: 8266: 8262: 8254: 8247: 8237: 8235: 8224: 8223: 8216: 8208: 8193: 8185: 8178: 8170: 8166: 8158: 8147: 8139: 8135: 8127: 8118: 8110: 8106: 8098: 8094: 8086: 8079: 8071: 8064: 8056: 8052: 8044: 8031: 8023: 8019: 8011: 8007: 7999: 7995: 7987: 7983: 7975: 7968: 7960: 7956: 7948: 7944: 7936: 7929: 7921: 7914: 7904: 7902: 7862: 7858: 7850: 7846: 7838: 7825: 7817: 7804: 7796: 7792: 7784: 7780: 7772: 7765: 7757: 7744: 7736: 7732: 7724: 7713: 7705: 7696: 7688: 7684: 7676: 7672: 7664: 7655: 7647: 7643: 7635: 7631: 7623: 7619: 7611: 7602: 7594: 7590: 7582: 7578: 7570: 7566: 7558: 7549: 7541: 7534: 7526: 7515: 7507: 7503: 7495: 7491: 7483: 7472: 7464: 7457: 7449: 7445: 7437: 7433: 7425: 7418: 7410: 7406: 7398: 7391: 7383: 7379: 7371: 7367: 7359: 7348: 7340: 7333: 7325: 7310: 7302: 7293: 7285: 7278: 7270: 7266: 7258: 7237: 7229: 7222: 7214: 7210: 7202: 7198: 7187: 7183: 7178: 7174: 7166: 7159: 7149: 7147: 7142: 7141: 7137: 7130: 7114: 7110: 7102: 7098: 7090: 7079: 7071: 7067: 7059: 7052: 7044: 7040: 7032: 7028: 7020: 7016: 7008: 6999: 6991: 6987: 6979: 6968: 6960: 6956: 6948: 6944: 6936: 6932: 6924: 6913: 6905: 6894: 6886: 6882: 6872: 6870: 6862: 6861: 6857: 6849: 6840: 6832: 6821: 6813: 6804: 6796: 6792: 6784: 6777: 6769: 6765: 6757: 6750: 6742: 6738: 6730: 6726: 6718: 6714: 6706: 6702: 6694: 6683: 6675: 6671: 6663: 6659: 6653:Vatikiotis 1978 6651: 6647: 6639: 6635: 6625: 6623: 6613: 6582: 6574: 6561: 6553: 6546: 6538: 6534: 6526: 6522: 6514: 6507: 6502: 6498: 6493: 6489: 6481: 6477: 6471:Vatikiotis 1978 6469: 6460: 6451: 6449: 6436: 6432: 6422: 6413: 6412: 6403: 6402: 6395: 6393: 6383:Washington Post 6375: 6371: 6361: 6359: 6348: 6347: 6343: 6333: 6331: 6317: 6316: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6296: 6284: 6254: 6245: 6244: 6222: 6204: 6184: 6164: 6155: 6154: 6153: 6149: 6144: 6102: 6022:Foreign honours 6019: 6002:Towards Freedom 5931: 5824: 5767:Youssef Chahine 5763: 5735:Libyan monarchy 5731:Ahmed Ben Bella 5711:Tripoli Airport 5709:(right) at the 5703:Muammar Gaddafi 5692: 5669: 5628: 5627: 5608:Self-hating Jew 5598: 5590: 5589: 5510: 5492: 5482: 5481: 5366: 5356: 5355: 5331:Philippe Pétain 5326:László Ferenczy 5306:Gheorghe Buzatu 5241:Eustace Mullins 5236:Kevin MacDonald 5216:Osama bin Laden 5211:Arthur J. Jones 5196:Joseph Goebbels 5186:Theodor Fritsch 5176:Louis Farrakhan 5161:Édouard Drumont 5151:James von Brunn 5126: 5118: 5117: 5072:The Right Stuff 4990: 4982: 4981: 4968: 4965: 4954: 4951: 4929:La Libre Parole 4904:La France juive 4866: 4856: 4855: 4750:Finance control 4715: 4705: 4704: 4646:Nation of Islam 4574: 4566: 4565: 4473:Imperial Russia 4346: 4336: 4335: 4311: 4282: 4281: 4241: 4170: 4097: 4050:agrarian reform 3999: 3935:Muammar Gaddafi 3890: 3884: 3792:, November 1968 3770: 3745: 3740: 3696: 3686: 3682: 3665: 3652:Sharm el-Sheikh 3566:(right) at the 3552: 3546: 3489: 3465: 3402: 3382:al-Azhar Mosque 3370: 3364:(OAU) in 1963. 3226:(left) for the 3220:Ahmed Ben Bella 3212: 3206: 3177: 3060:Camille Chamoun 3056: 3052: 3043: 2929: 2917: 2915: 2909: 2819: 2809: 2797:Anthony Nutting 2749:Sinai Peninsula 2713: 2711: 2703:Main articles: 2701: 2648:Eden government 2646:, and the UK's 2612: 2572: 2559:Josip Broz Tito 2472:Amin al-Husayni 2452: 2297: 2287: 2228: 2203: 2198: 2170:first president 2117: 2111: 2006: 2000: 1995: 1871: 1798: 1796:Military career 1782:Tawfiq al-Hakim 1711:class divisions 1707: 1700: 1694: 1685: 1682: 1559: 1456:nationalization 1427:and introduced 1410: 1374: 1352: 1212: 1211: 1199: 1168:Books and Films 1164: 1139: 1120:Seventh Cabinet 1079: 1042: 1037: 1007: 1003: 999: 996: 992: 989: 984: 967: 936: 934: 933: 932: 928: 926: 925: 863: 820: 790: 787: 1944) 782: 778: 760:Political party 738: 734: 718: 717:15 January 1918 712: 710: 709: 708: 702: 699: 654: 642: 636: 631: 623: 609: 603:Josip Broz Tito 597: 591: 586: 578: 566: 556: 550: 545: 528: 518: 508: 502: 497: 480: 468: 458: 452: 447: 437: 425: 415: 409: 404: 390: 389:Other offices 379:Mohamed Naguib 374: 364: 350: 345: 335: 325: 320: 302: 297: 285: 275: 261: 256: 236: 224: 219: 181:Nureddin Kuhala 153: 152: 147: 137: 132: 105: 104: 99: 91: 85: 80: 63: 51: 49:جمال عبد الناصر 48: 42: 39: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 20472: 20462: 20461: 20456: 20451: 20446: 20441: 20436: 20431: 20426: 20421: 20416: 20411: 20409:Male feminists 20406: 20401: 20396: 20391: 20386: 20381: 20376: 20371: 20366: 20361: 20356: 20351: 20346: 20341: 20336: 20331: 20326: 20321: 20316: 20311: 20306: 20301: 20296: 20291: 20286: 20281: 20276: 20271: 20266: 20261: 20256: 20251: 20246: 20229: 20228: 20225: 20224: 20212: 20189: 20188: 20186: 20185: 20180: 20175: 20169: 20166: 20165: 20163: 20162: 20157: 20152: 20147: 20142: 20137: 20132: 20127: 20121: 20119: 20115: 20114: 20112: 20111: 20106: 20101: 20096: 20091: 20086: 20081: 20076: 20071: 20066: 20061: 20056: 20051: 20045: 20043: 20037: 20036: 20034: 20033: 20028: 20023: 20018: 20013: 20008: 20003: 19998: 19993: 19988: 19983: 19981:Timothy Snyder 19978: 19973: 19968: 19963: 19958: 19953: 19948: 19943: 19938: 19933: 19928: 19923: 19918: 19913: 19911:Vojtech Mastny 19908: 19906:Geir Lundestad 19903: 19898: 19896:Walter Laqueur 19893: 19891:Walter LaFeber 19888: 19883: 19878: 19873: 19868: 19863: 19858: 19853: 19848: 19843: 19838: 19833: 19828: 19823: 19821:André Fontaine 19818: 19813: 19808: 19803: 19798: 19793: 19788: 19783: 19778: 19773: 19768: 19763: 19758: 19753: 19751:Gar Alperovitz 19747: 19745: 19741: 19740: 19738: 19737: 19732: 19727: 19721: 19719: 19713: 19712: 19709: 19708: 19706: 19705: 19700: 19694: 19693: 19688: 19681: 19676: 19668: 19666: 19662: 19661: 19659: 19658: 19651: 19646: 19639: 19632: 19627: 19620: 19613: 19606: 19600: 19598: 19591: 19587: 19586: 19584: 19583: 19578: 19573: 19568: 19563: 19558: 19553: 19548: 19543: 19538: 19533: 19527: 19525: 19521: 19520: 19517: 19516: 19514: 19513: 19508: 19503: 19498: 19493: 19491:Third-Worldism 19488: 19483: 19478: 19473: 19468: 19463: 19458: 19453: 19448: 19443: 19438: 19433: 19428: 19423: 19418: 19413: 19408: 19403: 19398: 19392: 19390: 19386: 19385: 19383: 19382: 19377: 19372: 19367: 19362: 19357: 19350: 19345: 19340: 19335: 19330: 19325: 19319: 19317: 19311: 19310: 19308: 19307: 19302: 19297: 19292: 19287: 19282: 19280:Libertarianism 19277: 19272: 19271: 19270: 19260: 19258:Chicago school 19255: 19249: 19247: 19238: 19234: 19233: 19231: 19230: 19225: 19220: 19215: 19210: 19205: 19203:Nixon Doctrine 19200: 19195: 19190: 19185: 19180: 19175: 19170: 19165: 19160: 19155: 19149: 19147: 19146:Foreign policy 19143: 19142: 19140: 19139: 19134: 19129: 19124: 19119: 19114: 19109: 19104: 19098: 19096: 19090: 19089: 19087: 19086: 19081: 19080: 19079: 19069: 19064: 19059: 19054: 19049: 19044: 19039: 19034: 19028: 19026: 19022: 19021: 19019: 19018: 19013: 19008: 19003: 18998: 18993: 18988: 18983: 18978: 18973: 18968: 18963: 18958: 18953: 18948: 18943: 18938: 18933: 18931:Operation RYAN 18928: 18923: 18918: 18908: 18903: 18898: 18893: 18888: 18883: 18878: 18873: 18868: 18863: 18858: 18853: 18848: 18843: 18838: 18836:Able Archer 83 18833: 18828: 18823: 18818: 18813: 18808: 18803: 18798: 18793: 18788: 18783: 18782: 18781: 18771: 18766: 18761: 18752: 18747: 18741: 18739: 18735: 18734: 18732: 18731: 18726: 18721: 18716: 18711: 18706: 18701: 18696: 18691: 18686: 18681: 18676: 18671: 18666: 18661: 18656: 18651: 18646: 18641: 18633: 18628: 18623: 18618: 18613: 18608: 18603: 18598: 18593: 18588: 18586:Oromo conflict 18583: 18578: 18573: 18568: 18563: 18558: 18553: 18548: 18543: 18538: 18533: 18528: 18526:Yom Kippur War 18523: 18518: 18513: 18508: 18503: 18498: 18493: 18488: 18483: 18478: 18473: 18468: 18463: 18458: 18453: 18448: 18443: 18436: 18431: 18426: 18421: 18416: 18411: 18406: 18401: 18396: 18391: 18385: 18383: 18379: 18378: 18376: 18375: 18370: 18365: 18360: 18355: 18350: 18349: 18348: 18338: 18333: 18328: 18323: 18318: 18309: 18304: 18303: 18302: 18292: 18287: 18282: 18277: 18272: 18267: 18262: 18257: 18252: 18247: 18242: 18237: 18232: 18227: 18222: 18217: 18212: 18207: 18202: 18197: 18192: 18187: 18182: 18181: 18180: 18170: 18165: 18160: 18158:Aden Emergency 18155: 18150: 18145: 18140: 18135: 18130: 18125: 18120: 18115: 18110: 18109: 18108: 18103: 18098: 18088: 18083: 18078: 18076:Papua conflict 18073: 18068: 18063: 18058: 18057: 18056: 18046: 18045: 18044: 18034: 18029: 18024: 18019: 18014: 18008: 18006: 18002: 18001: 17999: 17998: 17993: 17992: 17991: 17981: 17979:Kitchen Debate 17976: 17971: 17966: 17961: 17956: 17951: 17946: 17941: 17939:Sputnik crisis 17936: 17931: 17923: 17916: 17911: 17909:Polish October 17906: 17901: 17896: 17889: 17884: 17879: 17874: 17869: 17864: 17859: 17854: 17849: 17841: 17836: 17831: 17826: 17821: 17816: 17811: 17809:Pact of Madrid 17806: 17801: 17796: 17791: 17786: 17781: 17776: 17771: 17766: 17764:Bamboo Curtain 17760: 17758: 17754: 17753: 17751: 17750: 17745: 17740: 17735: 17734: 17733: 17723: 17718: 17713: 17708: 17703: 17698: 17693: 17688: 17683: 17678: 17673: 17668: 17663: 17658: 17657: 17656: 17651: 17646: 17636: 17631: 17626: 17621: 17616: 17611: 17606: 17601: 17596: 17591: 17586: 17581: 17576: 17571: 17563: 17555: 17547: 17542: 17537: 17532: 17524: 17519: 17518: 17517: 17512: 17504: 17491: 17486: 17481: 17476: 17470: 17468: 17464: 17463: 17461: 17460: 17455: 17450: 17445: 17440: 17435: 17430: 17425: 17420: 17413: 17405: 17402: 17401: 17394: 17393: 17386: 17379: 17371: 17362: 17361: 17359: 17358: 17347: 17344: 17343: 17341: 17340: 17335: 17330: 17325: 17320: 17315: 17310: 17305: 17300: 17295: 17290: 17285: 17280: 17275: 17270: 17265: 17259: 17257: 17256:Related topics 17253: 17252: 17250: 17249: 17244: 17239: 17234: 17229: 17224: 17218: 17216: 17210: 17209: 17207: 17206: 17199: 17192: 17184: 17182: 17178: 17177: 17175: 17174: 17169: 17164: 17159: 17154: 17149: 17144: 17139: 17134: 17129: 17124: 17122:Islamic Legion 17119: 17114: 17109: 17104: 17099: 17094: 17089: 17084: 17079: 17074: 17069: 17064: 17059: 17054: 17049: 17044: 17039: 17034: 17029: 17024: 17019: 17014: 17012:Al-Mourabitoun 17009: 17004: 16998: 16996: 16990: 16989: 16987: 16986: 16981: 16979:Hamdeen Sabahi 16976: 16971: 16969:Fuad al-Rikabi 16966: 16961: 16959:Adnan Pachachi 16956: 16951: 16946: 16941: 16936: 16931: 16929:Saddam Hussein 16926: 16921: 16919:Sati' al-Husri 16916: 16911: 16906: 16901: 16896: 16891: 16886: 16881: 16876: 16871: 16866: 16861: 16856: 16854:Hafez al-Assad 16851: 16846: 16844:Zaki al-Arsuzi 16841: 16836: 16831: 16826: 16821: 16816: 16810: 16808: 16802: 16801: 16799: 16798: 16793: 16788: 16783: 16777: 16775: 16771: 16770: 16768: 16767: 16762: 16757: 16752: 16747: 16742: 16737: 16732: 16727: 16725:Aden Emergency 16722: 16717: 16712: 16707: 16702: 16697: 16692: 16687: 16682: 16677: 16672: 16670:Iraqi Intifada 16667: 16662: 16661: 16660: 16655: 16653:Yom Kippur War 16650: 16645: 16640: 16630: 16625: 16620: 16615: 16614: 16613: 16603: 16598: 16597: 16596: 16586: 16580: 16578: 16574: 16573: 16571: 16570: 16565: 16560: 16555: 16550: 16548:Arab socialism 16544: 16542: 16538: 16537: 16530: 16529: 16522: 16515: 16507: 16498: 16497: 16495: 16494: 16489: 16484: 16479: 16474: 16469: 16464: 16459: 16454: 16449: 16444: 16439: 16434: 16429: 16424: 16419: 16414: 16409: 16404: 16399: 16394: 16389: 16384: 16379: 16374: 16369: 16364: 16359: 16354: 16349: 16344: 16338: 16335: 16334: 16327: 16326: 16319: 16312: 16304: 16295: 16294: 16292: 16291: 16286: 16281: 16276: 16271: 16266: 16261: 16256: 16251: 16246: 16241: 16236: 16231: 16226: 16221: 16216: 16211: 16206: 16201: 16196: 16191: 16186: 16180: 16178: 16174: 16173: 16171: 16170: 16165: 16160: 16155: 16150: 16145: 16140: 16135: 16130: 16125: 16120: 16115: 16110: 16105: 16100: 16095: 16090: 16085: 16080: 16075: 16070: 16065: 16060: 16055: 16050: 16045: 16040: 16035: 16030: 16025: 16020: 16015: 16010: 16005: 16000: 15995: 15990: 15985: 15980: 15975: 15970: 15964: 15962: 15956: 15955: 15944: 15943: 15936: 15929: 15921: 15912: 15911: 15909: 15908: 15895: 15885: 15873: 15863: 15859: 15856: 15855: 15853: 15852: 15847: 15842: 15837: 15832: 15827: 15822: 15817: 15812: 15807: 15802: 15797: 15795:A. M. N. Sedky 15792: 15787: 15782: 15777: 15772: 15767: 15762: 15757: 15752: 15747: 15742: 15737: 15732: 15727: 15722: 15717: 15712: 15707: 15702: 15696: 15694: 15693:(1953–present) 15686: 15685: 15683: 15682: 15677: 15672: 15667: 15662: 15657: 15652: 15647: 15642: 15637: 15632: 15627: 15622: 15617: 15612: 15607: 15602: 15597: 15592: 15587: 15582: 15577: 15572: 15567: 15562: 15557: 15552: 15547: 15542: 15537: 15532: 15527: 15522: 15517: 15511: 15509: 15501: 15500: 15498: 15497: 15492: 15487: 15482: 15477: 15471: 15469: 15461: 15460: 15419: 15417: 15415: 15414: 15409: 15404: 15399: 15394: 15389: 15384: 15379: 15374: 15369: 15364: 15359: 15354: 15349: 15344: 15339: 15334: 15329: 15324: 15319: 15313: 15311: 15303: 15302: 15279: 15278: 15271: 15264: 15256: 15247: 15246: 15241: 15238: 15237: 15235: 15234: 15229: 15223: 15218: 15212: 15207: 15202: 15197: 15192: 15186: 15171: 15169: 15168:(1961–present) 15161: 15160: 15158: 15157: 15143: 15141: 15133: 15132: 15130: 15129: 15124: 15119: 15113: 15108: 15103: 15097: 15083: 15081: 15073: 15072: 15070: 15069: 15064: 15058: 15053: 15048: 15043: 15037: 15032: 15026: 15021: 15016: 15011: 15005: 14990: 14988: 14980: 14979: 14977: 14976: 14970: 14965: 14959: 14951:State of Syria 14945: 14943: 14939:State of Syria 14935: 14934: 14932: 14931: 14917: 14915: 14907: 14906: 14894: 14893: 14886: 14879: 14871: 14862: 14861: 14855: 14852: 14851: 14849: 14848: 14843: 14836: 14831: 14824: 14819: 14816:Sufi Abu Taleb 14812: 14807: 14802: 14800:Mohamed Naguib 14796: 14794: 14784: 14781: 14780: 14758: 14757: 14750: 14743: 14735: 14726: 14725: 14723: 14722: 14717: 14712: 14707: 14702: 14700:Youssef Seddik 14697: 14692: 14687: 14685:Hassan Ibrahim 14682: 14677: 14672: 14667: 14662: 14657: 14652: 14647: 14642: 14637: 14635:Mohamed Naguib 14631: 14628: 14627: 14620: 14619: 14612: 14605: 14597: 14591: 14588: 14587: 14576: 14575: 14572:Kenneth Kaunda 14570: 14567: 14558: 14553: 14549: 14548: 14543: 14540: 14533: 14528: 14524: 14523: 14518: 14515: 14508: 14505:Mohamed Naguib 14503: 14499: 14498: 14496:Mohamed Naguib 14495: 14492: 14483: 14481:Mohamed Naguib 14480: 14476: 14475: 14470: 14467: 14458: 14455:Mohamed Naguib 14453: 14449: 14448: 14442: 14441: 14433: 14432:External links 14430: 14429: 14428: 14421: 14414: 14404: 14394: 14387: 14380: 14373: 14368:Joya, Angela. 14366: 14359: 14350: 14347: 14345: 14344: 14339: 14322: 14316: 14299: 14294: 14277: 14272: 14255: 14247: 14230: 14225: 14208: 14183:(3): 324–341, 14165: 14160: 14143: 14138: 14121: 14116: 14097: 14092: 14075: 14066: 14061: 14042: 14037: 14020: 14015: 13998: 13993: 13976: 13971: 13953:Seale, Patrick 13949: 13944: 13924: 13919: 13906: 13901: 13888: 13883: 13870: 13865: 13848: 13835: 13811: 13806: 13789: 13784: 13771: 13766: 13749: 13744: 13727: 13722: 13701: 13696: 13672: 13667: 13652: 13647: 13632: 13627: 13614: 13609: 13590: 13585: 13568: 13563: 13546: 13541: 13524: 13519: 13493: 13488: 13471: 13451: 13446: 13429: 13424: 13407: 13402: 13382: 13377: 13357: 13348: 13343: 13323: 13318: 13297: 13292: 13279: 13274: 13257: 13252: 13233: 13228: 13215: 13210: 13197: 13192: 13179: 13174: 13159: 13154: 13134: 13129: 13109: 13104: 13087: 13082: 13065: 13060: 13047: 13042: 13025: 13020: 13003: 12998: 12985: 12980: 12960: 12955: 12938: 12933: 12912: 12907: 12890: 12885: 12868: 12863: 12846: 12841: 12822: 12817: 12804: 12799: 12777: 12772: 12752: 12747: 12730: 12725: 12705: 12700: 12683: 12678: 12661: 12656: 12639: 12634: 12617: 12612: 12595: 12590: 12566: 12561: 12539: 12515: 12513: 12510: 12507: 12506: 12485: 12458: 12428: 12413: 12377: 12351: 12321: 12295: 12273: 12261: 12236: 12224: 12220:Alexander 2005 12212: 12197: 12182: 12170: 12166:Alexander 2005 12158: 12146: 12134: 12122: 12110: 12083: 12071: 12042: 12030: 12018: 12003: 11991: 11979: 11946: 11942:Asterjian 2007 11934: 11901: 11884: 11872: 11870:, p. 483. 11860: 11858:, p. 260. 11848: 11833: 11822: 11802: 11795: 11771: 11764: 11746: 11734: 11722: 11710: 11695: 11683: 11668: 11629: 11617: 11602: 11587: 11554: 11519: 11488: 11460: 11431: 11427:Dekmejian 1971 11419: 11407: 11395: 11366: 11354: 11339: 11327: 11315: 11280: 11268: 11251: 11219: 11187: 11152: 11121: 11106: 11094: 11082: 11065: 11053: 11041: 10990: 10975: 10963: 10942: 10930: 10918: 10901: 10889: 10842: 10823: 10795: 10776: 10761: 10746: 10734: 10722: 10710: 10700: 10677: 10665: 10650: 10635: 10623: 10606: 10594: 10582: 10567: 10555: 10540: 10528: 10513: 10496: 10479: 10467: 10455: 10440: 10428: 10397: 10385: 10373: 10358: 10343: 10328: 10316: 10304: 10289: 10277: 10262: 10245: 10233: 10218: 10206: 10189: 10177: 10165: 10153: 10141: 10126: 10111: 10096: 10084: 10073: 10044: 10032: 10017: 10002: 9990: 9978: 9959: 9947: 9932: 9917: 9905: 9893: 9878: 9866: 9854: 9842: 9825: 9813: 9801: 9789: 9772: 9755: 9743: 9724: 9705: 9688: 9676: 9664: 9652: 9637: 9616: 9601: 9589: 9577: 9565: 9548: 9536: 9524: 9505: 9493: 9476: 9459: 9444: 9425: 9413: 9398: 9386: 9371: 9359: 9347: 9335: 9320: 9305: 9286: 9274: 9259: 9245: 9236:Lion of Jordan 9225: 9210: 9199: 9188: 9176: 9164: 9152: 9140: 9125: 9110: 9076:(3): 319–335. 9056: 9030:(3): 397–427. 9005: 8993: 8976: 8964: 8952: 8940: 8928: 8916: 8904: 8892: 8880: 8868: 8853: 8836: 8813: 8801: 8789: 8777: 8762: 8743: 8731: 8716: 8699: 8696:Tsourapas 2016 8688: 8671: 8659: 8644: 8632: 8620: 8601: 8574: 8562: 8540: 8528: 8513: 8498: 8481: 8477:Alexander 2005 8466: 8462:Dekmejian 1971 8454: 8437: 8416: 8399: 8387: 8383:Jankowski 2001 8375: 8363: 8332: 8320: 8308: 8296: 8284: 8272: 8260: 8245: 8234:. 26 July 1956 8214: 8210:Jankowski 2001 8191: 8176: 8164: 8145: 8133: 8129:Dekmejian 1971 8116: 8104: 8092: 8077: 8062: 8058:Alexander 2005 8050: 8046:Jankowski 2001 8029: 8017: 8005: 7993: 7981: 7977:Jankowski 2001 7966: 7954: 7942: 7938:Dekmejian 1971 7927: 7912: 7878:(3): 363–385. 7856: 7844: 7840:Dekmejian 1971 7823: 7802: 7790: 7786:Jankowski 2001 7778: 7763: 7742: 7730: 7711: 7694: 7682: 7670: 7653: 7641: 7629: 7617: 7600: 7588: 7576: 7564: 7547: 7532: 7513: 7501: 7489: 7470: 7455: 7443: 7431: 7427:Dekmejian 1971 7416: 7404: 7389: 7377: 7365: 7346: 7331: 7308: 7291: 7276: 7264: 7235: 7220: 7208: 7196: 7181: 7172: 7168:Brightman 2004 7157: 7135: 7128: 7108: 7096: 7077: 7065: 7050: 7038: 7026: 7014: 6997: 6985: 6966: 6954: 6942: 6930: 6926:Alexander 2005 6911: 6892: 6880: 6855: 6851:Alexander 2005 6838: 6834:Alexander 2005 6819: 6802: 6790: 6786:Alexander 2005 6775: 6763: 6759:Alexander 2005 6748: 6744:Jankowski 2001 6736: 6724: 6712: 6708:Alexander 2005 6700: 6681: 6669: 6657: 6645: 6643:, pp. 8–9 6633: 6580: 6576:Alexander 2005 6559: 6544: 6532: 6520: 6505: 6496: 6487: 6475: 6458: 6430: 6369: 6341: 6309: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6295: 6294: 6146: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6139: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6101: 6098: 6097: 6096: 6089: 6082: 6081: 6080: 6078:Order of Lenin 6075: 6068:Soviet Union: 6066: 6059: 6053: 6046: 6039: 6032: 6024: 6023: 6018: 6015: 6014: 6013: 6010:في سبيل الحرية 5991: 5990: 5989: 5965: 5964: 5963: 5930: 5927: 5881:pilgrimage to 5875: 5874: 5871: 5868: 5862: 5861:Mona, b. 1947. 5859: 5858:Hoda, b. 1945. 5823: 5820: 5762: 5759: 5739:Gaafar Nimeiry 5699:Jaafar Nimeiry 5691: 5688: 5671: 5670: 5668: 5667: 5660: 5653: 5645: 5642: 5641: 5630: 5629: 5626: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5605: 5599: 5597:Related topics 5596: 5595: 5592: 5591: 5588: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5504: 5499: 5493: 5488: 5487: 5484: 5483: 5480: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5458: 5457: 5452: 5450:Russian Empire 5442: 5437: 5435:Nuremberg Laws 5432: 5427: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5404: 5403: 5398: 5391:Jewish quarter 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5367: 5362: 5361: 5358: 5357: 5354: 5353: 5351:Richard Wagner 5348: 5343: 5341:Stepan Bandera 5338: 5336:Symon Petliura 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5171:Adolf Eichmann 5168: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5127: 5124: 5123: 5120: 5119: 5116: 5115: 5113:Veterans Today 5110: 5107:The Unz Review 5103: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5081: 5076: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5014: 5009: 5002: 4997: 4991: 4988: 4987: 4984: 4983: 4980: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4962: 4960: 4955: 4948: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4867: 4862: 4861: 4858: 4857: 4854: 4853: 4851:ZOG conspiracy 4848: 4846:White genocide 4843: 4841:Well poisoning 4838: 4833: 4832: 4831: 4826: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4799:Judeo-Masonism 4796: 4795: 4794: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4716: 4711: 4710: 4707: 4706: 4703: 4702: 4701: 4700: 4695: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4664: 4663: 4658: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4602: 4601: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4575: 4573:Manifestations 4572: 4571: 4568: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4558: 4557: 4556: 4551: 4541: 4540: 4539: 4534: 4527:United Kingdom 4524: 4519: 4514: 4509: 4504: 4499: 4498: 4497: 4487: 4486: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4414: 4413: 4408: 4406:Dreyfus affair 4398: 4393: 4388: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4347: 4342: 4341: 4338: 4337: 4334: 4333: 4328: 4323: 4321:Nexus Document 4318: 4312: 4309: 4308: 4305: 4304: 4303: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4284: 4283: 4280: 4279: 4277:discrimination 4273:Jewish history 4268: 4267: 4259: 4258: 4252: 4251: 4240: 4237: 4206:New Wafd Party 4169: 4166: 4153:Steven A. Cook 4096: 4093: 4069:Hamdeen Sabahi 4031:social welfare 4023:social justice 3998: 3995: 3947:Alexei Kosygin 3910:varicose veins 3886:Main article: 3883: 3880: 3769: 3766: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3674: 3664: 3661: 3619:of Kuwait and 3548:Main article: 3545: 3542: 3488: 3485: 3464: 3461: 3401: 3398: 3378:Friday prayers 3369: 3366: 3323:Ahmad Shukeiri 3205: 3202: 3176: 3173: 3044: 3042: 3039: 3015:Sabri al-Asali 2948:Turkish troops 2911:Main article: 2908: 2905: 2839:Sabri al-Asali 2808: 2805: 2700: 2697: 2669:Mahmoud Younis 2611: 2608: 2571: 2568: 2451: 2448: 2432:Czechoslovakia 2286: 2283: 2259:Sulayman Hafez 2211:Mohamed Naguib 2202: 2199: 2197: 2194: 2190:Kafr el-Dawwar 2129:Mohamed Naguib 2125:Sulayman Hafez 2113:Main article: 2110: 2107: 2099:Mohamed Naguib 2086:Hassan Ibrahim 2042:Husni al-Za'im 2034:Youssef Seddik 2030:Mohamed Naguib 2002:Main article: 1999: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1973:delegation to 1870: 1867: 1797: 1794: 1717:. He read the 1706: 1703: 1702: 1701: 1695: 1688: 1686: 1684:Nasser in 1931 1683: 1676: 1558: 1555: 1535:His presidency 1527:social justice 1510:to regain the 1472:pan-Arab unity 1447:in June 1956. 1437:Mohamed Naguib 1412: 1411: 1409: 1408: 1401: 1394: 1386: 1383: 1382: 1376: 1375: 1367: 1351: 1350: 1349: 1348: 1338: 1327: 1317: 1315:Order of Lenin 1307: 1305:Order of Merit 1297: 1285: 1273: 1261: 1249: 1237: 1226: 1209: 1208: 1207: 1206: 1205: 1198: 1197: 1192: 1187: 1182: 1177: 1171: 1170: 1163: 1162: 1157: 1152: 1146: 1145: 1138: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1125:Eighth Cabinet 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1105:Fourth Cabinet 1102: 1097: 1095:Second Cabinet 1092: 1086: 1085: 1078: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1051: 1050: 1036: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1014: 1013: 994:Prime Minister 983: 982: 979:National Union 975: 966: 965: 960: 955: 947: 946: 943: 942: 929:a series about 923: 907: 906: 903: 902: 897: 893: 892: 887: 883: 882: 879: 875: 874: 869: 868:Branch/service 865: 864: 862: 861: 856: 851: 845: 843: 839: 838: 834: 833: 826: 822: 821: 819: 818: 815: 809: 807: 803: 802: 796: 792: 791: 780: 774: 773: 771: 767: 766: 761: 757: 756: 751: 747: 746: 737:(aged 52) 731: 727: 726: 698: 696: 692: 691: 687: 686: 683: 682: 679: 678: 675: 674: 671: 670: 667: 666: 663: 662: 657: 651: 650: 648:Haile Selassie 645: 639: 638: 628: 627: 618: 617: 615:Kenneth Kaunda 612: 606: 605: 600: 594: 593: 583: 582: 573: 572: 569: 563: 562: 561:Mohamed Naguib 559: 553: 552: 542: 541: 535: 534: 531: 525: 524: 523:Sulayman Hafez 521: 515: 514: 513:Mohamed Naguib 511: 509:Prime Minister 505: 504: 494: 493: 487: 486: 483: 477: 476: 474:Sulayman Hafez 471: 465: 464: 463:Mohamed Naguib 461: 459:Prime Minister 455: 454: 444: 443: 440: 434: 433: 428: 422: 421: 420:Mohamed Naguib 418: 416:Prime Minister 412: 411: 401: 400: 396: 395: 392: 391: 388: 381: 380: 377: 371: 370: 369:Mohamed Naguib 367: 361: 360: 359:Mohamed Naguib 357: 353: 352: 342: 341: 338: 332: 331: 330:Mohamed Naguib 328: 322: 321: 319: 318: 315: 314:Mohamed Naguib 311: 309: 305: 304: 294: 293: 288: 282: 281: 278: 272: 271: 268: 264: 263: 253: 252: 245: 244: 239: 233: 232: 230:Mohamed Naguib 227: 221: 220: 218: 217: 214: 211:Hassan Ibrahim 208: 205: 199: 196: 190: 184: 178: 172: 166: 160: 157:Sabri al-Asali 146: 145: 144: 142: 139:Vice President 134: 133: 131: 130: 127: 121: 115: 109: 98: 97: 96: 94: 92:Prime Minister 88: 87: 77: 76: 69: 68: 65: 64: 62:Nasser in 1962 61: 53: 52: 44: 43: 40: 37:His Excellency 35: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 20471: 20460: 20457: 20455: 20452: 20450: 20447: 20445: 20442: 20440: 20437: 20435: 20432: 20430: 20427: 20425: 20422: 20420: 20417: 20415: 20412: 20410: 20407: 20405: 20402: 20400: 20397: 20395: 20392: 20390: 20387: 20385: 20382: 20380: 20377: 20375: 20372: 20370: 20367: 20365: 20362: 20360: 20357: 20355: 20352: 20350: 20347: 20345: 20342: 20340: 20337: 20335: 20332: 20330: 20327: 20325: 20322: 20320: 20317: 20315: 20312: 20310: 20307: 20305: 20302: 20300: 20297: 20295: 20292: 20290: 20287: 20285: 20282: 20280: 20277: 20275: 20272: 20270: 20267: 20265: 20262: 20260: 20257: 20255: 20252: 20250: 20247: 20245: 20242: 20241: 20239: 20223: 20213: 20211: 20201: 20200: 20197: 20184: 20181: 20179: 20176: 20174: 20171: 20170: 20167: 20161: 20158: 20156: 20153: 20151: 20148: 20146: 20145:War on terror 20143: 20141: 20138: 20136: 20133: 20131: 20128: 20126: 20123: 20122: 20120: 20116: 20110: 20107: 20105: 20102: 20100: 20097: 20095: 20092: 20090: 20087: 20085: 20082: 20080: 20077: 20075: 20072: 20070: 20067: 20065: 20062: 20060: 20057: 20055: 20052: 20050: 20047: 20046: 20044: 20040:Espionage and 20038: 20032: 20029: 20027: 20024: 20022: 20019: 20017: 20014: 20012: 20009: 20007: 20004: 20002: 19999: 19997: 19994: 19992: 19991:Andrew Thorpe 19989: 19987: 19984: 19982: 19979: 19977: 19974: 19972: 19969: 19967: 19964: 19962: 19959: 19957: 19954: 19952: 19949: 19947: 19944: 19942: 19939: 19937: 19934: 19932: 19929: 19927: 19924: 19922: 19919: 19917: 19914: 19912: 19909: 19907: 19904: 19902: 19899: 19897: 19894: 19892: 19889: 19887: 19886:Gabriel Kolko 19884: 19882: 19879: 19877: 19874: 19872: 19869: 19867: 19864: 19862: 19859: 19857: 19854: 19852: 19851:Fred Halliday 19849: 19847: 19844: 19842: 19839: 19837: 19836:Lloyd Gardner 19834: 19832: 19829: 19827: 19824: 19822: 19819: 19817: 19814: 19812: 19809: 19807: 19804: 19802: 19799: 19797: 19796:Norman Davies 19794: 19792: 19789: 19787: 19784: 19782: 19781:John Costello 19779: 19777: 19774: 19772: 19769: 19767: 19764: 19762: 19759: 19757: 19754: 19752: 19749: 19748: 19746: 19742: 19736: 19733: 19731: 19728: 19726: 19723: 19722: 19720: 19716:Technological 19714: 19704: 19701: 19699: 19696: 19695: 19692: 19689: 19687: 19686: 19682: 19680: 19677: 19675: 19674: 19670: 19669: 19667: 19663: 19657: 19656: 19652: 19650: 19647: 19645: 19644: 19640: 19638: 19637: 19633: 19631: 19628: 19626: 19625: 19621: 19619: 19618: 19614: 19612: 19611: 19607: 19605: 19602: 19601: 19599: 19597:Pro-communist 19595: 19592: 19588: 19582: 19579: 19577: 19574: 19572: 19569: 19567: 19564: 19562: 19559: 19557: 19554: 19552: 19549: 19547: 19544: 19542: 19539: 19537: 19534: 19532: 19529: 19528: 19526: 19524:Organizations 19522: 19512: 19509: 19507: 19504: 19502: 19499: 19497: 19494: 19492: 19489: 19487: 19484: 19482: 19479: 19477: 19474: 19472: 19469: 19467: 19464: 19462: 19459: 19457: 19454: 19452: 19449: 19447: 19444: 19442: 19439: 19437: 19434: 19432: 19429: 19427: 19424: 19422: 19419: 19417: 19414: 19412: 19409: 19407: 19404: 19402: 19399: 19397: 19394: 19393: 19391: 19387: 19381: 19378: 19376: 19373: 19371: 19368: 19366: 19363: 19361: 19358: 19356: 19355: 19351: 19349: 19346: 19344: 19341: 19339: 19338:Eurocommunism 19336: 19334: 19331: 19329: 19326: 19324: 19321: 19320: 19318: 19316: 19312: 19306: 19303: 19301: 19298: 19296: 19293: 19291: 19288: 19286: 19283: 19281: 19278: 19276: 19273: 19269: 19266: 19265: 19264: 19261: 19259: 19256: 19254: 19251: 19250: 19248: 19246: 19242: 19239: 19235: 19229: 19226: 19224: 19221: 19219: 19216: 19214: 19211: 19209: 19206: 19204: 19201: 19199: 19196: 19194: 19191: 19189: 19186: 19184: 19181: 19179: 19176: 19174: 19171: 19169: 19168:Domino theory 19166: 19164: 19161: 19159: 19156: 19154: 19151: 19150: 19148: 19144: 19138: 19135: 19133: 19130: 19128: 19125: 19123: 19122:South Ossetia 19120: 19118: 19115: 19113: 19110: 19108: 19105: 19103: 19100: 19099: 19097: 19095: 19091: 19085: 19082: 19078: 19075: 19074: 19073: 19070: 19068: 19065: 19063: 19060: 19058: 19055: 19053: 19050: 19048: 19045: 19043: 19040: 19038: 19035: 19033: 19030: 19029: 19027: 19023: 19017: 19014: 19012: 19009: 19007: 19004: 19002: 18999: 18997: 18994: 18992: 18989: 18987: 18984: 18982: 18979: 18977: 18974: 18972: 18969: 18967: 18964: 18962: 18959: 18957: 18954: 18952: 18949: 18947: 18944: 18942: 18939: 18937: 18934: 18932: 18929: 18927: 18924: 18922: 18919: 18916: 18912: 18909: 18907: 18906:8888 Uprising 18904: 18902: 18899: 18897: 18894: 18892: 18889: 18887: 18884: 18882: 18879: 18877: 18874: 18872: 18869: 18867: 18864: 18862: 18859: 18857: 18854: 18852: 18851:Iran–Iraq War 18849: 18847: 18844: 18842: 18839: 18837: 18834: 18832: 18829: 18827: 18824: 18822: 18819: 18817: 18816:Falklands War 18814: 18812: 18809: 18807: 18804: 18802: 18799: 18797: 18794: 18792: 18789: 18787: 18784: 18780: 18777: 18776: 18775: 18772: 18770: 18767: 18765: 18762: 18760: 18756: 18753: 18751: 18748: 18746: 18743: 18742: 18740: 18736: 18730: 18727: 18725: 18722: 18720: 18717: 18715: 18712: 18710: 18707: 18705: 18702: 18700: 18697: 18695: 18692: 18690: 18687: 18685: 18682: 18680: 18679:NDF Rebellion 18677: 18675: 18672: 18670: 18667: 18665: 18662: 18660: 18659:German Autumn 18657: 18655: 18652: 18650: 18647: 18645: 18642: 18640: 18639: 18634: 18632: 18629: 18627: 18624: 18622: 18619: 18617: 18614: 18612: 18609: 18607: 18604: 18602: 18599: 18597: 18594: 18592: 18589: 18587: 18584: 18582: 18579: 18577: 18574: 18572: 18569: 18567: 18564: 18562: 18559: 18557: 18554: 18552: 18549: 18547: 18546:Metapolitefsi 18544: 18542: 18539: 18537: 18534: 18532: 18529: 18527: 18524: 18522: 18519: 18517: 18514: 18512: 18509: 18507: 18504: 18502: 18499: 18497: 18494: 18492: 18489: 18487: 18484: 18482: 18479: 18477: 18474: 18472: 18469: 18467: 18464: 18462: 18459: 18457: 18454: 18452: 18449: 18447: 18444: 18442: 18441: 18437: 18435: 18432: 18430: 18427: 18425: 18422: 18420: 18417: 18415: 18412: 18410: 18407: 18405: 18402: 18400: 18397: 18395: 18392: 18390: 18387: 18386: 18384: 18380: 18374: 18371: 18369: 18366: 18364: 18361: 18359: 18356: 18354: 18351: 18347: 18344: 18343: 18342: 18339: 18337: 18334: 18332: 18329: 18327: 18324: 18322: 18319: 18317: 18315: 18310: 18308: 18307:Prague Spring 18305: 18301: 18298: 18297: 18296: 18293: 18291: 18288: 18286: 18285:Al-Wadiah War 18283: 18281: 18278: 18276: 18273: 18271: 18268: 18266: 18263: 18261: 18258: 18256: 18253: 18251: 18250:12-3 incident 18248: 18246: 18243: 18241: 18238: 18236: 18233: 18231: 18228: 18226: 18223: 18221: 18218: 18216: 18213: 18211: 18208: 18206: 18203: 18201: 18198: 18196: 18193: 18191: 18188: 18186: 18183: 18179: 18176: 18175: 18174: 18171: 18169: 18166: 18164: 18161: 18159: 18156: 18154: 18151: 18149: 18146: 18144: 18141: 18139: 18136: 18134: 18131: 18129: 18126: 18124: 18121: 18119: 18116: 18114: 18111: 18107: 18104: 18102: 18099: 18097: 18094: 18093: 18092: 18089: 18087: 18084: 18082: 18079: 18077: 18074: 18072: 18069: 18067: 18064: 18062: 18059: 18055: 18052: 18051: 18050: 18047: 18043: 18040: 18039: 18038: 18035: 18033: 18030: 18028: 18025: 18023: 18020: 18018: 18015: 18013: 18010: 18009: 18007: 18003: 17997: 17994: 17990: 17987: 17986: 17985: 17982: 17980: 17977: 17975: 17972: 17970: 17967: 17965: 17962: 17960: 17957: 17955: 17952: 17950: 17947: 17945: 17942: 17940: 17937: 17935: 17932: 17930: 17929: 17924: 17921: 17917: 17915: 17912: 17910: 17907: 17905: 17902: 17900: 17897: 17894: 17890: 17888: 17885: 17883: 17880: 17878: 17875: 17873: 17870: 17868: 17865: 17863: 17860: 17858: 17855: 17853: 17850: 17848: 17847: 17842: 17840: 17837: 17835: 17832: 17830: 17829:Domino theory 17827: 17825: 17824:Petrov Affair 17822: 17820: 17817: 17815: 17812: 17810: 17807: 17805: 17802: 17800: 17797: 17795: 17792: 17790: 17787: 17785: 17782: 17780: 17777: 17775: 17772: 17770: 17767: 17765: 17762: 17761: 17759: 17755: 17749: 17746: 17744: 17741: 17739: 17736: 17732: 17729: 17728: 17727: 17724: 17722: 17719: 17717: 17714: 17712: 17709: 17707: 17704: 17702: 17701:Madiun Affair 17699: 17697: 17694: 17692: 17689: 17687: 17684: 17682: 17679: 17677: 17674: 17672: 17669: 17667: 17664: 17662: 17661:Marshall Plan 17659: 17655: 17652: 17650: 17647: 17645: 17642: 17641: 17640: 17637: 17635: 17632: 17630: 17627: 17625: 17622: 17620: 17617: 17615: 17612: 17610: 17607: 17605: 17602: 17600: 17597: 17595: 17592: 17590: 17587: 17585: 17582: 17580: 17577: 17575: 17572: 17570: 17569: 17564: 17562: 17561: 17556: 17554: 17553: 17548: 17546: 17543: 17541: 17538: 17536: 17533: 17531: 17530: 17525: 17523: 17520: 17516: 17513: 17511: 17510: 17505: 17503: 17502: 17497: 17496: 17495: 17492: 17490: 17487: 17485: 17482: 17480: 17477: 17475: 17472: 17471: 17469: 17465: 17459: 17456: 17454: 17451: 17449: 17446: 17444: 17441: 17439: 17436: 17434: 17431: 17429: 17426: 17424: 17421: 17419: 17418: 17414: 17412: 17411: 17410:United States 17407: 17406: 17403: 17399: 17392: 17387: 17385: 17380: 17378: 17373: 17372: 17369: 17357: 17349: 17348: 17345: 17339: 17336: 17334: 17331: 17329: 17326: 17324: 17321: 17319: 17316: 17314: 17311: 17309: 17306: 17304: 17301: 17299: 17296: 17294: 17291: 17289: 17288:Greater Yemen 17286: 17284: 17283:Greater Syria 17281: 17279: 17276: 17274: 17271: 17269: 17266: 17264: 17261: 17260: 17258: 17254: 17248: 17245: 17243: 17240: 17238: 17235: 17233: 17230: 17228: 17225: 17223: 17220: 17219: 17217: 17215: 17211: 17205: 17204: 17200: 17198: 17197: 17193: 17191: 17190: 17186: 17185: 17183: 17179: 17173: 17170: 17168: 17165: 17163: 17160: 17158: 17155: 17153: 17150: 17148: 17145: 17143: 17140: 17138: 17135: 17133: 17130: 17128: 17125: 17123: 17120: 17118: 17115: 17113: 17110: 17108: 17105: 17103: 17100: 17098: 17095: 17093: 17090: 17088: 17085: 17083: 17080: 17078: 17075: 17073: 17070: 17068: 17065: 17063: 17060: 17058: 17055: 17053: 17050: 17048: 17045: 17043: 17040: 17038: 17035: 17033: 17030: 17028: 17025: 17023: 17020: 17018: 17015: 17013: 17010: 17008: 17005: 17003: 17000: 16999: 16997: 16995: 16994:Organizations 16991: 16985: 16982: 16980: 16977: 16975: 16972: 16970: 16967: 16965: 16962: 16960: 16957: 16955: 16952: 16950: 16947: 16945: 16942: 16940: 16937: 16935: 16932: 16930: 16927: 16925: 16922: 16920: 16917: 16915: 16914:George Habash 16912: 16910: 16907: 16905: 16902: 16900: 16897: 16895: 16894:Izzat Darwaza 16892: 16890: 16887: 16885: 16882: 16880: 16877: 16875: 16872: 16870: 16867: 16865: 16862: 16860: 16857: 16855: 16852: 16850: 16847: 16845: 16842: 16840: 16837: 16835: 16832: 16830: 16829:Yasser Arafat 16827: 16825: 16822: 16820: 16817: 16815: 16812: 16811: 16809: 16807: 16806:Personalities 16803: 16797: 16794: 16792: 16789: 16787: 16784: 16782: 16781:Arab identity 16779: 16778: 16776: 16772: 16766: 16763: 16761: 16758: 16756: 16753: 16751: 16748: 16746: 16743: 16741: 16738: 16736: 16733: 16731: 16728: 16726: 16723: 16721: 16718: 16716: 16713: 16711: 16708: 16706: 16703: 16701: 16698: 16696: 16695:Arab Cold War 16693: 16691: 16688: 16686: 16683: 16681: 16678: 16676: 16673: 16671: 16668: 16666: 16663: 16659: 16656: 16654: 16651: 16649: 16646: 16644: 16641: 16639: 16636: 16635: 16634: 16631: 16629: 16626: 16624: 16621: 16619: 16616: 16612: 16609: 16608: 16607: 16604: 16602: 16599: 16595: 16592: 16591: 16590: 16587: 16585: 16582: 16581: 16579: 16575: 16569: 16566: 16564: 16561: 16559: 16556: 16554: 16551: 16549: 16546: 16545: 16543: 16539: 16535: 16528: 16523: 16521: 16516: 16514: 16509: 16508: 16505: 16493: 16490: 16488: 16485: 16483: 16480: 16478: 16475: 16473: 16470: 16468: 16465: 16463: 16460: 16458: 16455: 16453: 16450: 16448: 16445: 16443: 16440: 16438: 16435: 16433: 16430: 16428: 16425: 16423: 16420: 16418: 16415: 16413: 16410: 16408: 16405: 16403: 16400: 16398: 16395: 16393: 16390: 16388: 16385: 16383: 16380: 16378: 16375: 16373: 16370: 16368: 16365: 16363: 16360: 16358: 16355: 16353: 16350: 16348: 16345: 16343: 16340: 16339: 16336: 16332: 16325: 16320: 16318: 16313: 16311: 16306: 16305: 16302: 16290: 16287: 16285: 16282: 16280: 16277: 16275: 16272: 16270: 16267: 16265: 16262: 16260: 16257: 16255: 16252: 16250: 16247: 16245: 16242: 16240: 16237: 16235: 16232: 16230: 16227: 16225: 16222: 16220: 16217: 16215: 16212: 16210: 16207: 16205: 16202: 16200: 16197: 16195: 16192: 16190: 16187: 16185: 16182: 16181: 16179: 16177:African Union 16175: 16169: 16166: 16164: 16161: 16159: 16156: 16154: 16151: 16149: 16146: 16144: 16141: 16139: 16136: 16134: 16131: 16129: 16126: 16124: 16121: 16119: 16116: 16114: 16111: 16109: 16106: 16104: 16101: 16099: 16096: 16094: 16091: 16089: 16086: 16084: 16081: 16079: 16076: 16074: 16071: 16069: 16066: 16064: 16061: 16059: 16056: 16054: 16051: 16049: 16046: 16044: 16041: 16039: 16036: 16034: 16031: 16029: 16026: 16024: 16021: 16019: 16016: 16014: 16011: 16009: 16006: 16004: 16001: 15999: 15996: 15994: 15991: 15989: 15986: 15984: 15981: 15979: 15976: 15974: 15971: 15969: 15966: 15965: 15963: 15961:African Unity 15957: 15953: 15952:African Union 15949: 15942: 15937: 15935: 15930: 15928: 15923: 15922: 15919: 15906: 15902: 15901: 15896: 15892: 15891: 15886: 15884: 15880: 15879: 15874: 15870: 15869: 15864: 15861: 15860: 15857: 15851: 15848: 15846: 15843: 15841: 15838: 15836: 15833: 15831: 15828: 15826: 15823: 15821: 15818: 15816: 15813: 15811: 15808: 15806: 15803: 15801: 15798: 15796: 15793: 15791: 15788: 15786: 15783: 15781: 15778: 15776: 15773: 15771: 15768: 15766: 15763: 15761: 15758: 15756: 15753: 15751: 15748: 15746: 15743: 15741: 15738: 15736: 15733: 15731: 15728: 15726: 15723: 15721: 15718: 15716: 15713: 15711: 15708: 15706: 15703: 15701: 15698: 15697: 15695: 15691: 15687: 15681: 15678: 15676: 15673: 15671: 15668: 15666: 15663: 15661: 15658: 15656: 15653: 15651: 15648: 15646: 15643: 15641: 15638: 15636: 15633: 15631: 15628: 15626: 15623: 15621: 15618: 15616: 15613: 15611: 15608: 15606: 15603: 15601: 15598: 15596: 15593: 15591: 15588: 15586: 15583: 15581: 15578: 15576: 15573: 15571: 15568: 15566: 15563: 15561: 15558: 15556: 15553: 15551: 15548: 15546: 15543: 15541: 15538: 15536: 15533: 15531: 15528: 15526: 15523: 15521: 15518: 15516: 15513: 15512: 15510: 15506: 15502: 15496: 15493: 15491: 15488: 15486: 15483: 15481: 15478: 15476: 15473: 15472: 15470: 15466: 15462: 15455: 15447: 15439: 15431: 15423: 15413: 15410: 15408: 15405: 15403: 15400: 15398: 15395: 15393: 15390: 15388: 15385: 15383: 15380: 15378: 15375: 15373: 15370: 15368: 15365: 15363: 15360: 15358: 15355: 15353: 15350: 15348: 15345: 15343: 15340: 15338: 15335: 15333: 15330: 15328: 15325: 15323: 15320: 15318: 15315: 15314: 15312: 15308: 15304: 15299: 15295: 15291: 15286: 15277: 15272: 15270: 15265: 15263: 15258: 15257: 15254: 15239: 15233: 15230: 15227: 15224: 15222: 15219: 15216: 15213: 15211: 15208: 15206: 15203: 15201: 15198: 15196: 15193: 15190: 15187: 15184: 15181: 15180: 15175: 15170: 15166: 15162: 15156: 15153: 15152: 15147: 15142: 15138: 15134: 15128: 15125: 15123: 15120: 15117: 15114: 15112: 15109: 15107: 15104: 15101: 15098: 15096: 15093: 15092: 15087: 15082: 15078: 15074: 15068: 15065: 15062: 15059: 15057: 15054: 15052: 15049: 15047: 15044: 15041: 15038: 15036: 15033: 15030: 15027: 15025: 15022: 15020: 15017: 15015: 15012: 15009: 15006: 15003: 15000: 14999: 14994: 14989: 14985: 14981: 14974: 14971: 14969: 14966: 14963: 14960: 14958: 14955: 14954: 14949: 14944: 14940: 14936: 14930: 14927: 14926: 14921: 14916: 14912: 14908: 14903: 14899: 14892: 14887: 14885: 14880: 14878: 14873: 14872: 14869: 14858: 14853: 14847: 14844: 14842: 14841: 14837: 14835: 14834:Mohamed Morsi 14832: 14830: 14829: 14825: 14823: 14822:Hosni Mubarak 14820: 14818: 14817: 14813: 14811: 14808: 14806: 14803: 14801: 14798: 14797: 14788: 14782: 14777: 14773: 14770: 14769:Presidents of 14765: 14756: 14751: 14749: 14744: 14742: 14737: 14736: 14733: 14721: 14718: 14716: 14713: 14711: 14708: 14706: 14703: 14701: 14698: 14696: 14693: 14691: 14688: 14686: 14683: 14681: 14678: 14676: 14673: 14671: 14668: 14666: 14663: 14661: 14658: 14656: 14653: 14651: 14648: 14646: 14643: 14641: 14638: 14636: 14633: 14632: 14629: 14625: 14618: 14613: 14611: 14606: 14604: 14599: 14598: 14595: 14589: 14582: 14573: 14564: 14563: 14556: 14550: 14546: 14545:Mahmoud Fawzi 14537: 14531: 14525: 14521: 14512: 14506: 14500: 14489: 14488: 14477: 14473: 14464: 14463: 14456: 14450: 14445: 14439: 14436: 14435: 14426: 14422: 14419: 14415: 14413: 14409: 14405: 14403: 14399: 14395: 14392: 14388: 14385: 14381: 14378: 14374: 14371: 14367: 14364: 14360: 14357: 14353: 14352: 14342: 14336: 14331: 14330: 14323: 14319: 14313: 14308: 14307: 14300: 14297: 14291: 14287: 14283: 14278: 14275: 14269: 14265: 14261: 14256: 14254: 14250: 14244: 14240: 14236: 14231: 14228: 14222: 14218: 14214: 14209: 14202: 14198: 14194: 14190: 14186: 14182: 14178: 14171: 14166: 14163: 14157: 14153: 14150:, Singapore: 14149: 14144: 14141: 14135: 14131: 14127: 14122: 14119: 14113: 14109: 14105: 14104: 14098: 14095: 14089: 14085: 14081: 14076: 14072: 14067: 14064: 14058: 14054: 14050: 14049: 14043: 14040: 14034: 14030: 14026: 14021: 14018: 14012: 14008: 14004: 13999: 13996: 13990: 13986: 13982: 13977: 13974: 13968: 13964: 13960: 13959: 13954: 13950: 13947: 13941: 13937: 13933: 13929: 13925: 13922: 13916: 13912: 13907: 13904: 13898: 13894: 13889: 13886: 13880: 13876: 13871: 13868: 13862: 13858: 13854: 13849: 13846: 13842: 13838: 13832: 13828: 13824: 13820: 13816: 13812: 13809: 13803: 13799: 13795: 13790: 13787: 13781: 13777: 13772: 13769: 13763: 13759: 13755: 13750: 13747: 13741: 13737: 13733: 13728: 13725: 13719: 13715: 13712:, New Haven: 13710: 13709: 13702: 13699: 13693: 13689: 13684: 13683: 13677: 13673: 13670: 13664: 13660: 13659: 13653: 13650: 13644: 13640: 13639: 13633: 13630: 13624: 13620: 13615: 13612: 13606: 13602: 13601:PublicAffairs 13598: 13597: 13591: 13588: 13582: 13578: 13575:, Princeton: 13574: 13569: 13566: 13560: 13556: 13552: 13547: 13544: 13538: 13534: 13530: 13525: 13522: 13516: 13512: 13509:, Cambridge: 13508: 13507: 13502: 13498: 13494: 13491: 13485: 13481: 13477: 13472: 13469: 13465: 13461: 13457: 13452: 13449: 13443: 13439: 13435: 13430: 13427: 13421: 13417: 13414:, Aldershot: 13413: 13408: 13405: 13399: 13395: 13391: 13387: 13383: 13380: 13374: 13370: 13367:, Cambridge: 13366: 13362: 13358: 13354: 13349: 13346: 13340: 13336: 13332: 13328: 13324: 13321: 13315: 13311: 13308:, Jefferson: 13306: 13305: 13298: 13295: 13289: 13285: 13280: 13277: 13271: 13267: 13263: 13258: 13255: 13249: 13245: 13241: 13240: 13234: 13231: 13225: 13221: 13216: 13213: 13207: 13203: 13198: 13195: 13189: 13185: 13180: 13177: 13171: 13168:, Routledge, 13167: 13166: 13160: 13157: 13151: 13147: 13143: 13139: 13135: 13132: 13126: 13122: 13118: 13114: 13110: 13107: 13101: 13097: 13094:, Princeton: 13093: 13088: 13085: 13079: 13075: 13071: 13066: 13063: 13057: 13053: 13048: 13045: 13039: 13035: 13032:, New Haven: 13031: 13026: 13023: 13017: 13013: 13009: 13004: 13001: 12995: 12991: 12986: 12983: 12977: 12973: 12969: 12965: 12961: 12958: 12952: 12948: 12944: 12939: 12936: 12930: 12926: 12921: 12920: 12913: 12910: 12904: 12900: 12896: 12891: 12888: 12882: 12878: 12874: 12869: 12866: 12860: 12856: 12853:, Princeton: 12852: 12847: 12844: 12838: 12834: 12830: 12829: 12823: 12820: 12814: 12810: 12805: 12802: 12796: 12792: 12788: 12787: 12782: 12778: 12775: 12769: 12765: 12761: 12757: 12753: 12750: 12744: 12740: 12736: 12731: 12728: 12722: 12718: 12714: 12710: 12706: 12703: 12697: 12693: 12689: 12684: 12681: 12675: 12671: 12667: 12662: 12659: 12653: 12649: 12645: 12640: 12637: 12631: 12627: 12623: 12618: 12615: 12609: 12605: 12601: 12596: 12593: 12587: 12583: 12579: 12575: 12571: 12567: 12564: 12558: 12554: 12550: 12549: 12544: 12540: 12537: 12533: 12529: 12525: 12521: 12517: 12516: 12502: 12495: 12489: 12480: 12475: 12471: 12470: 12462: 12446: 12442: 12438: 12432: 12424: 12417: 12398: 12394: 12387: 12381: 12365: 12361: 12355: 12339: 12332: 12325: 12309: 12305: 12299: 12283: 12277: 12270: 12265: 12250: 12246: 12240: 12234:, p. 178 12233: 12228: 12221: 12216: 12210:, p. 167 12209: 12204: 12202: 12195:, p. 177 12194: 12189: 12187: 12180:, p. 217 12179: 12178:Makdissi 2011 12174: 12167: 12162: 12156:, p. 148 12155: 12150: 12143: 12138: 12131: 12130:Sullivan 1986 12126: 12119: 12118:Sullivan 1986 12114: 12098: 12094: 12087: 12081:, p. 599 12080: 12075: 12059: 12058: 12053: 12046: 12040:, p. 161 12039: 12034: 12028:, p. 110 12027: 12022: 12016:, p. 156 12015: 12010: 12008: 12001:, p. 225 12000: 11995: 11988: 11983: 11967: 11963: 11962: 11957: 11950: 11943: 11938: 11923: 11919: 11915: 11911: 11905: 11898: 11893: 11891: 11889: 11882:, p. 151 11881: 11876: 11869: 11868:Stillman 2005 11864: 11857: 11852: 11844: 11837: 11830: 11825: 11819: 11815: 11814: 11806: 11798: 11792: 11788: 11784: 11783: 11775: 11767: 11761: 11757: 11750: 11743: 11738: 11731: 11726: 11720:, p. 105 11719: 11714: 11707: 11702: 11700: 11692: 11687: 11680: 11675: 11673: 11664: 11660: 11656: 11652: 11648: 11644: 11640: 11633: 11626: 11621: 11614: 11609: 11607: 11599: 11594: 11592: 11575: 11571: 11570: 11565: 11558: 11543: 11539: 11538: 11533: 11526: 11524: 11508: 11507: 11502: 11498: 11492: 11477: 11476: 11475:History Today 11471: 11464: 11448: 11447: 11442: 11435: 11429:, p. 304 11428: 11423: 11416: 11411: 11405:, p. 369 11404: 11399: 11383: 11382: 11377: 11370: 11364:, p. 100 11363: 11358: 11351: 11346: 11344: 11336: 11331: 11325:, p. 149 11324: 11319: 11304: 11300: 11299: 11294: 11287: 11285: 11277: 11272: 11265: 11260: 11258: 11256: 11239: 11235: 11234: 11229: 11223: 11208:. 27 May 2012 11207: 11203: 11202: 11197: 11191: 11175: 11174: 11170: 11165: 11159: 11157: 11140: 11136: 11132: 11125: 11119:, p. 100 11118: 11113: 11111: 11103: 11098: 11092:, p. 220 11091: 11086: 11080:, p. 171 11079: 11074: 11072: 11070: 11063:, p. 112 11062: 11057: 11050: 11045: 11029: 11025: 11021: 11020: 11015: 11011: 11005: 11003: 11001: 10999: 10997: 10995: 10988:, p. 192 10987: 10982: 10980: 10973:, p. 379 10972: 10967: 10961:, p. 111 10960: 10955: 10953: 10951: 10949: 10947: 10939: 10934: 10927: 10922: 10914: 10913: 10905: 10899:, p. 203 10898: 10893: 10877: 10873: 10872: 10867: 10861: 10859: 10857: 10855: 10853: 10851: 10849: 10847: 10839: 10834: 10832: 10830: 10828: 10811: 10810: 10805: 10799: 10793:, p. 115 10792: 10787: 10785: 10783: 10781: 10774:, p. 310 10773: 10768: 10766: 10759:, p. 476 10758: 10753: 10751: 10744:, p. 262 10743: 10738: 10731: 10726: 10720:, p. 259 10719: 10714: 10707: 10703: 10697: 10693: 10692: 10687: 10681: 10675:, p. 163 10674: 10669: 10663:, p. 133 10662: 10657: 10655: 10648:, p. 305 10647: 10642: 10640: 10633:, p. 301 10632: 10627: 10620: 10615: 10613: 10611: 10603: 10598: 10591: 10586: 10579: 10574: 10572: 10565:, p. 280 10564: 10559: 10553:, p. 304 10552: 10547: 10545: 10537: 10532: 10525: 10520: 10518: 10510: 10509:Brownlee 2007 10505: 10503: 10501: 10493: 10488: 10486: 10484: 10476: 10475:Brownlee 2007 10471: 10465:, p. 276 10464: 10459: 10453:, p. 281 10452: 10447: 10445: 10438:, p. 272 10437: 10432: 10424: 10420: 10416: 10412: 10408: 10401: 10394: 10389: 10383:, p. 277 10382: 10377: 10370: 10365: 10363: 10355: 10350: 10348: 10340: 10335: 10333: 10326:, p. 430 10325: 10320: 10313: 10308: 10301: 10296: 10294: 10286: 10281: 10275:, p. 276 10274: 10269: 10267: 10260:, p. 262 10259: 10254: 10252: 10250: 10242: 10237: 10231:, p. 263 10230: 10225: 10223: 10215: 10210: 10203: 10198: 10196: 10194: 10187:, p. 256 10186: 10181: 10174: 10169: 10162: 10157: 10151:, p. 258 10150: 10145: 10138: 10133: 10131: 10124:, p. 257 10123: 10118: 10116: 10108: 10103: 10101: 10094:, p. 255 10093: 10088: 10081: 10076: 10070: 10066: 10061: 10060: 10051: 10049: 10041: 10036: 10029: 10024: 10022: 10014: 10009: 10007: 9999: 9994: 9988:, p. 159 9987: 9982: 9975: 9970: 9968: 9966: 9964: 9956: 9951: 9944: 9939: 9937: 9930:, p. 252 9929: 9924: 9922: 9914: 9909: 9903:, p. 123 9902: 9897: 9890: 9885: 9883: 9875: 9870: 9863: 9858: 9851: 9846: 9839: 9834: 9832: 9830: 9823:, p. 244 9822: 9817: 9810: 9805: 9798: 9793: 9786: 9781: 9779: 9777: 9769: 9764: 9762: 9760: 9752: 9747: 9740: 9735: 9733: 9731: 9729: 9721: 9716: 9714: 9712: 9710: 9702: 9697: 9695: 9693: 9686:, p. 234 9685: 9680: 9673: 9672:Mehrotra 1990 9668: 9661: 9660:Mehrotra 1990 9656: 9649: 9644: 9642: 9634: 9629: 9627: 9625: 9623: 9621: 9613: 9608: 9606: 9598: 9593: 9586: 9581: 9575:, p. 239 9574: 9569: 9562: 9557: 9555: 9553: 9545: 9540: 9534:, p. 237 9533: 9528: 9521: 9516: 9514: 9512: 9510: 9502: 9497: 9491:, p. 235 9490: 9485: 9483: 9481: 9473: 9468: 9466: 9464: 9457:, p. 157 9456: 9451: 9449: 9441: 9436: 9434: 9432: 9430: 9423:, p. 230 9422: 9417: 9410: 9405: 9403: 9396:, p. 229 9395: 9390: 9384:, p. 231 9383: 9378: 9376: 9369:, p. 227 9368: 9363: 9356: 9351: 9345:, p. 216 9344: 9339: 9332: 9327: 9325: 9318:, p. 102 9317: 9312: 9310: 9302: 9297: 9295: 9293: 9291: 9284:, p. 172 9283: 9278: 9271: 9266: 9264: 9248: 9242: 9238: 9237: 9229: 9223:, p. 209 9222: 9217: 9215: 9208: 9203: 9197: 9192: 9186:, p. 166 9185: 9180: 9174:, p. 167 9173: 9168: 9161: 9156: 9150:, p. 164 9149: 9144: 9138:, p. 208 9137: 9132: 9130: 9122: 9117: 9115: 9099: 9095: 9091: 9087: 9083: 9079: 9075: 9071: 9067: 9060: 9045: 9041: 9037: 9033: 9029: 9025: 9024: 9019: 9012: 9010: 9003:, p. 163 9002: 8997: 8990: 8985: 8983: 8981: 8973: 8968: 8962:, p. 190 8961: 8956: 8950:, p. 158 8949: 8944: 8937: 8932: 8925: 8920: 8913: 8908: 8902:, p. 200 8901: 8896: 8889: 8884: 8878:, p. 198 8877: 8872: 8866:, p. 193 8865: 8860: 8858: 8850: 8845: 8843: 8841: 8833: 8828: 8826: 8824: 8822: 8820: 8818: 8810: 8805: 8799:, p. 130 8798: 8793: 8787:, p. 169 8786: 8781: 8775:, p. 191 8774: 8769: 8767: 8759: 8754: 8752: 8750: 8748: 8741:, p. 155 8740: 8735: 8729:, p. 102 8728: 8723: 8721: 8714:, p. 127 8713: 8708: 8706: 8704: 8697: 8692: 8685: 8680: 8678: 8676: 8669:, p. 305 8668: 8663: 8657:, p. 184 8656: 8651: 8649: 8642:, p. 123 8641: 8636: 8629: 8624: 8617: 8613: 8610: 8605: 8589: 8585: 8578: 8571: 8566: 8550: 8544: 8538:, p. 180 8537: 8532: 8525: 8520: 8518: 8510: 8505: 8503: 8495: 8490: 8488: 8486: 8478: 8473: 8471: 8463: 8458: 8452:, p. 398 8451: 8446: 8444: 8442: 8435:, p. 116 8434: 8429: 8427: 8425: 8423: 8421: 8413: 8408: 8406: 8404: 8396: 8391: 8384: 8379: 8373:, p. 179 8372: 8367: 8352: 8351: 8346: 8342: 8336: 8330:, p. 105 8329: 8324: 8317: 8312: 8305: 8300: 8293: 8288: 8282:, p. 299 8281: 8276: 8269: 8264: 8258:, p. 108 8257: 8252: 8250: 8233: 8232: 8227: 8221: 8219: 8211: 8206: 8204: 8202: 8200: 8198: 8196: 8189:, p. 162 8188: 8183: 8181: 8173: 8168: 8162:, p. 150 8161: 8156: 8154: 8152: 8150: 8143:, p. 149 8142: 8137: 8130: 8125: 8123: 8121: 8113: 8112:Sullivan 1986 8108: 8102:, p. 241 8101: 8096: 8090:, p. 242 8089: 8084: 8082: 8074: 8069: 8067: 8060:, p. 126 8059: 8054: 8047: 8042: 8040: 8038: 8036: 8034: 8026: 8021: 8014: 8009: 8003:, p. 111 8002: 7997: 7991:, p. 105 7990: 7985: 7978: 7973: 7971: 7964:, p. 113 7963: 7958: 7952:, p. 115 7951: 7946: 7939: 7934: 7932: 7924: 7919: 7917: 7901: 7897: 7893: 7889: 7885: 7881: 7877: 7873: 7872: 7867: 7860: 7853: 7848: 7841: 7836: 7834: 7832: 7830: 7828: 7820: 7815: 7813: 7811: 7809: 7807: 7800:, p. 239 7799: 7794: 7787: 7782: 7775: 7770: 7768: 7760: 7755: 7753: 7751: 7749: 7747: 7740:, p. 159 7739: 7734: 7727: 7722: 7720: 7718: 7716: 7709:, p. 228 7708: 7703: 7701: 7699: 7691: 7686: 7679: 7674: 7667: 7662: 7660: 7658: 7650: 7645: 7638: 7633: 7626: 7621: 7614: 7609: 7607: 7605: 7597: 7592: 7585: 7580: 7573: 7568: 7561: 7556: 7554: 7552: 7544: 7539: 7537: 7529: 7524: 7522: 7520: 7518: 7510: 7505: 7498: 7493: 7486: 7481: 7479: 7477: 7475: 7467: 7462: 7460: 7452: 7447: 7441:, p. 114 7440: 7439:Stephens 1972 7435: 7428: 7423: 7421: 7413: 7408: 7401: 7396: 7394: 7387:, p. 108 7386: 7385:Stephens 1972 7381: 7374: 7369: 7362: 7357: 7355: 7353: 7351: 7343: 7338: 7336: 7328: 7323: 7321: 7319: 7317: 7315: 7313: 7305: 7300: 7298: 7296: 7288: 7283: 7281: 7273: 7268: 7261: 7256: 7254: 7252: 7250: 7248: 7246: 7244: 7242: 7240: 7232: 7227: 7225: 7217: 7212: 7206:, p. 114 7205: 7200: 7193: 7190: 7185: 7176: 7170:, p. 233 7169: 7164: 7162: 7145: 7139: 7131: 7125: 7121: 7120: 7112: 7106:, p. 103 7105: 7100: 7093: 7088: 7086: 7084: 7082: 7074: 7069: 7062: 7057: 7055: 7047: 7046:Stephens 1972 7042: 7035: 7030: 7023: 7018: 7011: 7006: 7004: 7002: 6994: 6989: 6982: 6977: 6975: 6973: 6971: 6963: 6958: 6951: 6946: 6940:, p. 158 6939: 6934: 6927: 6922: 6920: 6918: 6916: 6908: 6903: 6901: 6899: 6897: 6890:, p. 164 6889: 6884: 6869: 6865: 6859: 6852: 6847: 6845: 6843: 6835: 6830: 6828: 6826: 6824: 6816: 6811: 6809: 6807: 6799: 6798:Stephens 1972 6794: 6787: 6782: 6780: 6772: 6767: 6760: 6755: 6753: 6745: 6740: 6733: 6732:Woodward 1992 6728: 6721: 6716: 6709: 6704: 6697: 6692: 6690: 6688: 6686: 6678: 6673: 6666: 6665:Stephens 1972 6661: 6654: 6649: 6642: 6637: 6622: 6618: 6611: 6609: 6607: 6605: 6603: 6601: 6599: 6597: 6595: 6593: 6591: 6589: 6587: 6585: 6577: 6572: 6570: 6568: 6566: 6564: 6556: 6555:Stephens 1972 6551: 6549: 6541: 6540:Stephens 1972 6536: 6529: 6524: 6517: 6516:Stephens 1972 6512: 6510: 6500: 6491: 6484: 6479: 6472: 6467: 6465: 6463: 6447: 6443: 6442: 6434: 6426: 6419: 6414:|first2= 6407: 6392: 6388: 6384: 6380: 6373: 6357: 6356: 6351: 6345: 6330: 6329:HarperCollins 6326: 6325: 6320: 6314: 6310: 6290: 6278: 6272: 6248: 6240: 6158: 6151: 6147: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6103: 6094: 6090: 6087: 6083: 6079: 6076: 6073: 6070: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6060: 6058: 6054: 6051: 6047: 6044: 6040: 6037: 6033: 6030: 6026: 6025: 6021: 6020: 6007: 6003: 5996: 5992: 5987: 5983: 5980: 5979: 5973: 5969: 5966: 5961: 5957: 5954: 5953: 5951: 5943: 5939: 5936: 5935: 5934: 5926: 5924: 5920: 5916: 5915:heart attacks 5912: 5908: 5907:heart disease 5904: 5900: 5897:Nasser was a 5891: 5887: 5884: 5880: 5872: 5869: 5866: 5863: 5860: 5857: 5856: 5855: 5852: 5849: 5845: 5837: 5833: 5828: 5822:Personal life 5819: 5817: 5816: 5811: 5807: 5804: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5791: 5786: 5785:Mohamed Fadel 5782: 5778: 5774: 5773: 5768: 5758: 5756: 5752: 5748: 5744: 5740: 5736: 5732: 5728: 5724: 5719: 5712: 5708: 5704: 5700: 5696: 5687: 5685: 5681: 5680: 5666: 5661: 5659: 5654: 5652: 5647: 5646: 5644: 5643: 5640: 5632: 5631: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5613:Weaponization 5611: 5609: 5606: 5604: 5603:Philosemitism 5601: 5600: 5594: 5593: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5524:Philosemitism 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5509: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5494: 5491: 5486: 5485: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5447: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5425: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5408:The Holocaust 5406: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5393: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5368: 5365: 5360: 5359: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5301:Octavian Goga 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5286:Ion Antonescu 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5256:Joseph Stalin 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5231:Martin Luther 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5136:Andrew Anglin 5134: 5132: 5129: 5128: 5122: 5121: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5108: 5104: 5102: 5101: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5073: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5056: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5019: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5007: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4995:4chan (/pol/) 4993: 4992: 4986: 4985: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4967: 4961: 4959: 4956: 4953: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4899: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4886:Currency Wars 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4868: 4865: 4860: 4859: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4830: 4829:Slánský trial 4827: 4825: 4824:Doctors' plot 4822: 4821: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4809:Media control 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4793: 4790: 4789: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4768: 4765:International 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4717: 4714: 4709: 4708: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4690: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4653: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4600: 4597: 4596: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4576: 4570: 4569: 4562: 4559: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4545: 4542: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4529: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4496: 4493: 4492: 4491: 4488: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4470: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4403: 4402: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4348: 4345: 4340: 4339: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4313: 4307: 4306: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4287: 4286: 4285: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4260: 4257: 4254: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4244: 4236: 4234: 4230: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4203: 4198: 4194: 4191: 4187: 4178: 4174: 4165: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4149: 4146: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4133: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4101: 4092: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4078: 4074: 4070: 4066: 4062: 4057: 4055: 4051: 4046: 4042: 4038: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4016: 4008: 4003: 3994: 3992: 3991:Sherif Hetata 3988: 3987: 3982: 3978: 3972: 3970: 3962: 3958: 3954: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3932: 3928: 3922: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3894: 3889: 3879: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3864: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3849: 3847: 3843: 3837: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3822:Yasser Arafat 3819: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3802:Yasser Arafat 3798: 3791: 3787: 3786:Mohamed Fawzi 3783: 3779: 3774: 3765: 3761: 3759: 3753: 3751: 3735: 3733: 3727: 3725: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3694: 3690: 3685: 3679: 3669: 3660: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3646: 3645:Golan Heights 3642: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3601: 3597: 3595: 3591: 3590: 3584: 3581: 3580:Mohamed Fawzi 3574:, 30 May 1967 3573: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3556: 3551: 3541: 3538: 3533: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3517: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3493: 3484: 3482: 3476: 3474: 3470: 3460: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3428: 3426: 3425: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3374: 3365: 3363: 3357: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3326: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3305: 3301: 3296: 3292: 3290: 3286: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3272:military coup 3268: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3253: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3237: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3216: 3211: 3201: 3198: 3194: 3188: 3186: 3182: 3181:socioeconomic 3172: 3168: 3166: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3145: 3140: 3136: 3134: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3118: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3076: 3072: 3070: 3065: 3061: 3055: 3049: 3038: 3036: 3032: 3026: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3010: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2984: 2980: 2975: 2971: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2955: 2953: 2949: 2914: 2904: 2901: 2896: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2874: 2869: 2864: 2862: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2814: 2813:Arab Cold War 2804: 2802: 2798: 2792: 2790: 2789:Egyptian Jews 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2769: 2765: 2762: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2745: 2743: 2738: 2734: 2725: 2710: 2706: 2696: 2694: 2689: 2684: 2681: 2677: 2672: 2670: 2665: 2661: 2656: 2653: 2649: 2645: 2637: 2632: 2625: 2621: 2616: 2607: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2592: 2589: 2584: 2576: 2567: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2551: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2511: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2481: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2456: 2447: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2404: 2400: 2399:Gulf of Aqaba 2396: 2391: 2387: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2361: 2357: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2336: 2334: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2307: 2291: 2282: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2266: 2262: 2260: 2254: 2252: 2248: 2224: 2219: 2212: 2207: 2193: 2191: 2186: 2184: 2180: 2175: 2171: 2166: 2164: 2159: 2156: 2153:to dismantle 2152: 2151: 2150:Rose al-Yūsuf 2146: 2142: 2138: 2130: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2106: 2104: 2100: 2094: 2091: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2075: 2070: 2066: 2061: 2059: 2054: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2010: 2005: 1998:Free Officers 1990: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1938: 1936: 1935:Eric Margolis 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1915:Faluja pocket 1911: 1906: 1904: 1901:(AHC) led by 1900: 1896: 1892: 1884: 1880: 1879:Faluja pocket 1875: 1866: 1864: 1860: 1859:Miles Lampson 1856: 1853:in favour of 1852: 1848: 1844: 1839: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1824: 1818: 1816: 1807: 1802: 1793: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1778:Aziz al-Masri 1775: 1771: 1767: 1766:Mustafa Kamel 1763: 1758: 1756: 1752: 1751:autobiography 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1699: 1692: 1687: 1680: 1675: 1674: 1673: 1671: 1666: 1660: 1658: 1654: 1649: 1645: 1639: 1637: 1633: 1632:Isma'il Sidqi 1629: 1625: 1622: 1618: 1613: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1594: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1554: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1523: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1500:in March 1965 1497: 1496:Arab Cold War 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1407: 1402: 1400: 1395: 1393: 1388: 1387: 1385: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1379:Media gallery 1372: 1368: 1365: 1361: 1360: 1359: 1357: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1337: 1332: 1328: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1295: 1290: 1286: 1283: 1278: 1274: 1271: 1266: 1262: 1259: 1254: 1250: 1247: 1242: 1238: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1215: 1214: 1213: 1204: 1201: 1200: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1165: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1147: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1136: 1135:Tenth Cabinet 1133: 1131: 1130:Ninth Cabinet 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1115:Sixth Cabinet 1113: 1111: 1110:Fifth Cabinet 1108: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1100:Third Cabinet 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1090:First Cabinet 1088: 1087: 1084: 1081: 1080: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1068: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1039: 1038: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1015: 1012: 1009: 1008: 1006: 1002: 995: 988: 981: 980: 976: 974: 973: 969: 968: 964: 963:Personal life 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 950: 949: 948: 939: 924: 921: 917: 916: 913: 912: 904: 901: 898: 894: 891: 888: 884: 880: 876: 873: 870: 866: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 847: 846: 844: 840: 835: 831: 827: 823: 816: 814: 811: 810: 808: 804: 801: 798:5, including 797: 793: 777: 772: 768: 765: 762: 758: 755: 752: 750:Resting place 748: 745: 741: 732: 728: 725: 721: 697: 693: 688: 684: 680: 676: 672: 668: 661: 660:Kwame Nkrumah 658: 652: 649: 646: 640: 634: 629: 626: 619: 616: 613: 607: 604: 601: 595: 589: 584: 581: 574: 570: 564: 560: 554: 548: 543: 540: 536: 532: 526: 522: 516: 512: 506: 500: 495: 492: 488: 484: 478: 475: 472: 466: 462: 456: 450: 445: 441: 435: 432: 429: 423: 419: 413: 407: 402: 397: 393: 386: 382: 378: 372: 368: 362: 358: 354: 348: 343: 339: 333: 329: 323: 316: 313: 312: 310: 306: 300: 295: 292: 291:Mahmoud Fawzi 289: 283: 279: 273: 269: 265: 259: 254: 251: 246: 243: 240: 234: 231: 228: 222: 215: 212: 209: 206: 203: 200: 197: 194: 191: 188: 185: 182: 179: 176: 173: 170: 167: 164: 161: 158: 155: 154: 150: 143: 140: 135: 128: 125: 122: 119: 116: 113: 110: 107: 106: 102: 95: 89: 83: 78: 75: 70: 66: 59: 54: 45: 38: 33: 30: 26: 22: 20150:Brinkmanship 20042:intelligence 19931:Marius Oprea 19881:Harvey Klehr 19811:Herbert Feis 19801:Willem Drees 19766:Archie Brown 19683: 19671: 19653: 19643:Trybuna Ludu 19641: 19634: 19630:Radio Moscow 19622: 19615: 19608: 19436:Anti-Zionism 19352: 19275:Keynesianism 19263:Conservatism 19127:Transnistria 19107:China-Taiwan 18764:Gera Demands 18637: 18438: 18313: 18118:El Porteñazo 18012:Congo Crisis 17927: 17862:Algerian War 17845: 17721:Western Bloc 17716:Eastern Bloc 17711:Iron Curtain 17567: 17559: 17551: 17528: 17508: 17500: 17417:Soviet Union 17415: 17408: 17323:Pan-Islamism 17201: 17194: 17187: 17087:Ba'ath Party 16964:Ameen Rihani 16953: 16824:Jassem Alwan 16819:Michel Aflaq 16675:Algerian War 16601:Iraqi Revolt 16346: 15972: 15898: 15888: 15876: 15866: 15734: 15725:Z. Mohieddin 15714: 15704: 15210:N. al-Atassi 15200:L. al-Atassi 15154: 15122:H. al-Atassi 15095:H. al-Atassi 15067:H. al-Atassi 15019:H. al-Atassi 14962:Pierre-Alype 14856: 14840:Adly Mansour 14838: 14826: 14814: 14804: 14715:Ahmed Shawqi 14710:Kamal Rifaat 14639: 14560: 14535: 14510: 14485: 14460: 14424: 14417: 14407: 14397: 14390: 14383: 14376: 14369: 14362: 14355: 14328: 14305: 14284:, New York: 14281: 14259: 14234: 14212: 14201:the original 14180: 14176: 14147: 14125: 14106:, Syracuse: 14102: 14082:, New York: 14079: 14070: 14047: 14027:, New York: 14024: 14005:, New York: 14002: 13983:, Location: 13980: 13961:, Berkeley: 13957: 13931: 13928:Rubin, Barry 13910: 13892: 13874: 13852: 13818: 13793: 13775: 13753: 13731: 13707: 13681: 13657: 13637: 13618: 13599:, New York: 13595: 13572: 13550: 13528: 13505: 13478:, Brooklyn: 13475: 13455: 13433: 13411: 13389: 13364: 13352: 13330: 13303: 13283: 13264:, Berkeley: 13261: 13242:, New York: 13238: 13219: 13201: 13183: 13164: 13141: 13116: 13091: 13072:, New York: 13069: 13051: 13029: 13007: 12989: 12970:, New York: 12967: 12942: 12918: 12894: 12872: 12850: 12827: 12808: 12785: 12762:, Abingdon: 12759: 12734: 12712: 12709:Beinin, Joel 12687: 12668:, Westport: 12665: 12643: 12621: 12599: 12577: 12547: 12528:Random House 12523: 12500: 12488: 12468: 12461: 12449:. Retrieved 12445:the original 12440: 12431: 12422: 12416: 12404:. Retrieved 12397:the original 12392: 12380: 12368:. Retrieved 12363: 12354: 12342:. Retrieved 12337: 12324: 12312:. Retrieved 12307: 12298: 12286:. Retrieved 12276: 12271:, p. 10 12269:Aburish 2004 12264: 12252:. Retrieved 12248: 12239: 12227: 12222:, p. 97 12215: 12173: 12168:, p. 74 12161: 12154:Aburish 2004 12149: 12142:Aburish 2004 12137: 12132:, p. 85 12125: 12120:, p. 84 12113: 12101:. Retrieved 12096: 12086: 12074: 12062:. Retrieved 12055: 12045: 12033: 12021: 12014:Dawisha 2009 11994: 11989:, p. 41 11982: 11970:. Retrieved 11966:the original 11959: 11949: 11944:, p. 52 11937: 11926:, retrieved 11921: 11917: 11904: 11899:, p. 47 11880:Dawisha 2009 11875: 11863: 11851: 11842: 11836: 11827: 11812: 11805: 11781: 11774: 11755: 11749: 11744:, p. 49 11737: 11730:Wilford 2013 11725: 11713: 11708:, p. 64 11693:, p. 50 11686: 11649:(1): 75–91. 11646: 11642: 11632: 11627:, p. 61 11620: 11615:, p. 44 11600:, p. 67 11578:. Retrieved 11574:the original 11567: 11557: 11545:. Retrieved 11535: 11510:. Retrieved 11504: 11497:Cook, Steven 11491: 11480:, retrieved 11473: 11463: 11451:. Retrieved 11444: 11434: 11422: 11417:, p. 66 11410: 11403:Hourani 2002 11398: 11386:. Retrieved 11379: 11369: 11357: 11352:, p. 42 11337:, p. 99 11330: 11323:Dawisha 2009 11318: 11306:. Retrieved 11296: 11271: 11242:. Retrieved 11231: 11222: 11210:. Retrieved 11199: 11190: 11178:. Retrieved 11169:Ahram Online 11167: 11143:. Retrieved 11139:the original 11134: 11124: 11104:, p. 50 11097: 11085: 11056: 11044: 11032:. Retrieved 11028:the original 11017: 10986:Darling 2013 10966: 10940:, p. 72 10933: 10928:, p. 72 10921: 10910: 10904: 10892: 10880:. Retrieved 10876:the original 10869: 10838:Aburish 2004 10814:. Retrieved 10807: 10798: 10772:Aburish 2004 10757:Nutting 1972 10742:Dawisha 2009 10737: 10730:Aburish 2004 10725: 10718:Dawisha 2009 10713: 10705: 10690: 10680: 10668: 10646:Aburish 2004 10631:Aburish 2004 10626: 10619:Aburish 2004 10604:, p. 49 10597: 10592:, p. 66 10585: 10578:Aburish 2004 10563:Aburish 2004 10558: 10551:Aburish 2004 10536:Aburish 2004 10531: 10526:, p. 92 10511:, p. 89 10494:, p. 97 10477:, p. 88 10470: 10463:Aburish 2004 10458: 10451:Aburish 2004 10436:Aburish 2004 10431: 10417:(1): 64–82. 10414: 10410: 10400: 10393:Aburish 2004 10388: 10381:Aburish 2004 10376: 10356:, p. 88 10341:, p. 87 10324:Nutting 1972 10319: 10314:, p. 85 10307: 10300:Aburish 2004 10287:, p. 84 10280: 10273:Bidwell 1998 10258:Aburish 2004 10243:, p. 19 10236: 10229:Aburish 2004 10216:, p. 82 10209: 10202:Aburish 2004 10185:Aburish 2004 10180: 10175:, p. 95 10168: 10161:Aburish 2004 10156: 10149:Aburish 2004 10144: 10139:, p. 97 10122:Aburish 2004 10109:, p. 86 10092:Aburish 2004 10087: 10078: 10058: 10035: 10030:, p. 95 10013:Aburish 2004 9993: 9981: 9976:, p. 77 9957:, p. 90 9950: 9945:, p. 76 9928:Aburish 2004 9908: 9896: 9889:Aburish 2004 9869: 9857: 9845: 9838:Aburish 2004 9821:Aburish 2004 9816: 9804: 9799:, p. 89 9792: 9787:, p. 88 9770:, p. 71 9753:, p. 51 9746: 9739:Aburish 2004 9720:Aburish 2004 9684:Aburish 2004 9679: 9674:, p. 58 9667: 9662:, p. 57 9655: 9650:, p. 52 9633:Aburish 2004 9612:Dawisha 2009 9592: 9587:, p. 81 9580: 9573:Dawisha 2009 9568: 9561:Aburish 2004 9539: 9532:Dawisha 2009 9527: 9520:Aburish 2004 9501:Pollack 2002 9496: 9489:Dawisha 2009 9472:Aburish 2004 9440:Aburish 2004 9421:Dawisha 2009 9416: 9409:Aburish 2004 9394:Dawisha 2009 9389: 9382:Dawisha 2009 9367:Dawisha 2009 9362: 9355:Aburish 2004 9350: 9343:Dawisha 2009 9338: 9331:Aburish 2004 9301:Aburish 2004 9282:Aburish 2004 9277: 9270:Aburish 2004 9250:. Retrieved 9235: 9228: 9221:Dawisha 2009 9202: 9191: 9184:Aburish 2004 9179: 9172:Aburish 2004 9167: 9160:Dawisha 2009 9155: 9148:Aburish 2004 9143: 9136:Dawisha 2009 9121:Aburish 2004 9101:. Retrieved 9073: 9069: 9059: 9047:. Retrieved 9027: 9021: 9001:Aburish 2004 8996: 8989:Aburish 2004 8972:Aburish 2004 8967: 8960:Dawisha 2009 8955: 8948:Aburish 2004 8943: 8936:Dawisha 2009 8931: 8919: 8912:Aburish 2004 8907: 8900:Dawisha 2009 8895: 8888:Dawisha 2009 8883: 8876:Dawisha 2009 8871: 8864:Dawisha 2009 8849:Dawisha 2009 8832:Aburish 2004 8809:Aburish 2004 8804: 8797:Aburish 2004 8792: 8780: 8773:Dawisha 2009 8758:Dawisha 2009 8739:Dawisha 2009 8734: 8712:Aburish 2004 8691: 8684:Aburish 2004 8662: 8655:Dawisha 2009 8640:Aburish 2004 8635: 8630:, p. 50 8623: 8604: 8592:. Retrieved 8588:the original 8577: 8572:, p. 87 8565: 8553:. Retrieved 8543: 8536:Dawisha 2009 8531: 8526:, p. 51 8479:, p. 94 8464:, p. 46 8457: 8450:Bidwell 1998 8412:Aburish 2004 8397:, p. 47 8390: 8385:, p. 66 8378: 8371:Dawisha 2009 8366: 8355:, retrieved 8348: 8335: 8323: 8311: 8306:, p. 91 8299: 8287: 8275: 8270:, p. 96 8263: 8256:Aburish 2004 8236:. Retrieved 8229: 8212:, p. 68 8167: 8136: 8131:, p. 45 8114:, p. 80 8107: 8095: 8075:, p. 84 8053: 8048:, p. 67 8020: 8015:, p. 66 8008: 7996: 7984: 7957: 7945: 7940:, p. 43 7925:, p. 12 7903:. Retrieved 7875: 7869: 7859: 7847: 7842:, p. 44 7798:Aburish 2004 7793: 7788:, p. 32 7781: 7761:, p. 56 7759:Aburish 2004 7733: 7728:, p. 54 7726:Aburish 2004 7690:Aburish 2004 7685: 7678:Aburish 2004 7673: 7668:, p. 39 7651:, p. 38 7644: 7639:, p. 36 7632: 7627:, p. 52 7625:Aburish 2004 7620: 7615:, p. 35 7598:, p. 34 7591: 7586:, p. 33 7579: 7574:, p. 60 7572:Nutting 1972 7567: 7562:, p. 32 7545:, p. 27 7530:, p. 51 7528:Aburish 2004 7511:, p. 23 7504: 7499:, p. 22 7492: 7485:Aburish 2004 7468:, p. 45 7466:Aburish 2004 7453:, p. 46 7451:Aburish 2004 7446: 7434: 7429:, p. 24 7412:Nutting 1972 7407: 7402:, p. 41 7400:Aburish 2004 7380: 7373:Nutting 1972 7368: 7361:Aburish 2004 7342:Aburish 2004 7329:, p. 34 7327:Aburish 2004 7306:, p. 33 7304:Aburish 2004 7289:, p. 32 7287:Aburish 2004 7274:, p. 30 7272:Aburish 2004 7267: 7260:Aburish 2004 7233:, p. 17 7218:, p. 27 7216:Pollack 2002 7211: 7199: 7184: 7175: 7148:. Retrieved 7138: 7118: 7111: 7099: 7092:Aburish 2004 7075:, p. 24 7073:Aburish 2004 7068: 7063:, p. 23 7061:Aburish 2004 7048:, p. 63 7041: 7036:, p. 22 7034:Aburish 2004 7029: 7024:, p. 20 7022:Nutting 1972 7017: 7012:, p. 18 7010:Aburish 2004 6995:, p. 16 6993:Aburish 2004 6988: 6983:, p. 41 6964:, p. 15 6962:Aburish 2004 6957: 6952:, p. 14 6950:Aburish 2004 6945: 6933: 6928:, p. 20 6907:Aburish 2004 6888:Talhami 2007 6883: 6871:. Retrieved 6858: 6853:, p. 16 6815:Aburish 2004 6800:, p. 32 6793: 6773:, p. 66 6771:Joesten 1974 6766: 6761:, p. 15 6746:, p. 28 6739: 6734:, p. 15 6727: 6722:, p. 21 6720:Aburish 2004 6715: 6710:, p. 18 6703: 6698:, p. 39 6679:, p. 19 6677:Joesten 1974 6672: 6660: 6655:, p. 24 6648: 6641:Aburish 2004 6636: 6624:. Retrieved 6578:, p. 14 6542:, p. 26 6535: 6528:Aburish 2004 6523: 6518:, p. 23 6499: 6490: 6485:, p. 14 6483:Joesten 1974 6478: 6450:, retrieved 6446:the original 6440: 6433: 6396:20 September 6394:. Retrieved 6382: 6372: 6360:. Retrieved 6353: 6344: 6332:. Retrieved 6322: 6313: 6150: 6001: 5981: 5976:فلسفة الثورة 5967: 5937: 5932: 5899:chain smoker 5896: 5876: 5853: 5841: 5813: 5805: 5788: 5770: 5764: 5755:parochialism 5751:Persian Gulf 5720: 5716: 5677: 5674: 5618:Anti-Zionism 5477:Yellow badge 5422: 5418:Jewish quota 5345: 5321:Ioan Slavici 5276:Ernst Zündel 5206:Adolf Hitler 5191:Nick Fuentes 5131:Baked Alaska 5105: 5098: 5071: 5053: 5029:Goebbels Gap 5016: 5004: 4898:(video game) 4897: 4772:Jewish lobby 4720:Andinia Plan 4554:21st century 4537:Labour Party 4502:South Africa 4490:Saudi Arabia 4478:Soviet Union 4411:21st-century 4256:Antisemitism 4239:Antisemitism 4231: 4210:Jamal Badawi 4199: 4195: 4182: 4150: 4143: 4136: 4128: 4111: 4106: 4095:Public image 4058: 4047: 4043: 4039: 4012: 4007:Taha Hussein 3984: 3973: 3966: 3931:gun carriage 3923: 3918:heavy smoker 3899: 3865: 3850: 3838: 3815: 3762: 3754: 3746: 3728: 3712: 3708: 3691: 3687: 3681: 3676: 3657:Ismail Fahmi 3649: 3647:from Syria. 3626: 3587: 3585: 3577: 3534: 3518: 3498: 3477: 3466: 3449:Shia Muslims 3435:into school 3429: 3422: 3410: 3403: 3358: 3352:founded the 3336:, President 3327: 3315:Jordan River 3308: 3269: 3254: 3233: 3189: 3178: 3169: 3149: 3129:police state 3121: 3108:'Abd al-Ilah 3104:Nuri al-Said 3097: 3064:civil strife 3057: 3051: 3046: 3027: 3011: 2988: 2956: 2945: 2897: 2885:royal family 2877: 2865: 2844: 2800: 2793: 2770: 2766: 2757: 2746: 2737:a resolution 2729: 2685: 2673: 2657: 2640: 2593: 2585: 2581: 2552: 2520:Soviet Union 2512: 2485: 2482:, April 1955 2444:Adolf Hitler 2424:Eastern Bloc 2410:Baghdad Pact 2407: 2382: 2337: 2329: 2316: 2311: 2279:Saudi Arabia 2267: 2263: 2255: 2243: 2187: 2167: 2160: 2148: 2134: 2102: 2095: 2078: 2062: 2055: 2039: 1967: 1962: 1955: 1946:Shlomo Goren 1939: 1919:Israeli Army 1907: 1888: 1840: 1821: 1819: 1811: 1806:Ahmed Mazhar 1785: 1770:Ahmed Shawqi 1759: 1708: 1697: 1661: 1652: 1648:Samuel Hoare 1640: 1636:Green Shirts 1614: 1610: 1595: 1591:Said Aburish 1560: 1551:antisemitism 1524: 1470:. Calls for 1467: 1449: 1441:house arrest 1416: 1415: 1378: 1353: 1202: 1167: 1142: 1082: 1040: 1010: 985: 977: 970: 935: 896:Battles/wars 800:Khalid Abdel 735:(1970-09-28) 655:Succeeded by 632: 610:Succeeded by 587: 567:Succeeded by 546: 529:Succeeded by 498: 481:Succeeded by 448: 438:Succeeded by 405: 375:Succeeded by 346: 336:Succeeded by 298: 286:Succeeded by 257: 237:Succeeded by 213:(1964–1966) 195:(1961–1964) 183:(1960–1961) 177:(1958–1965) 171:(1958–1964) 165:(1958–1960) 148: 126:(1966–1967) 120:(1965–1966) 114:(1962–1965) 100: 81: 29: 20254:1970 deaths 20249:1918 births 19976:Shen Zhihua 19786:Michael Cox 19718:competition 19665:Pro-Western 19655:Soviet Life 19581:Safari Club 19551:Warsaw Pact 19406:Nationalism 19396:Imperialism 19295:Reaganomics 19158:Containment 18951:Perestroika 18440:Realpolitik 18270:Six-Day War 18255:Greek junta 18066:Berlin Wall 17914:Suez Crisis 17882:Vietnam War 17769:McCarthyism 17584:Baruch Plan 17529:Unthinkable 17489:Dekemvriana 17428:Warsaw Pact 17017:Arab Ba'ath 16939:Salah Jadid 16796:Arabization 16643:Six-Day War 16638:Suez Crisis 16584:Arab Revolt 16563:Pan-Arabism 16477:Ahmadinejad 16367:Jayewardene 16234:Hailemariam 15620:Ahmad Maher 15508:(1922–1953) 15468:(1914–1922) 15310:(1878–1914) 15232:B. al-Assad 15221:H. al-Assad 15140:(1958–1961) 15080:(1950–1958) 14987:(1930–1950) 14942:(1925–1930) 14914:(1922–1924) 14810:Anwar Sadat 14720:Lutfi Wahid 14705:Ahmed Anwar 14675:Anwar Sadat 14660:Salah Salem 14655:Gamal Salem 14472:Anwar Sadat 13985:I.B. Tauris 13936:M.E. Sharpe 13688:E.P. Dutton 13555:I.B. Tauris 13480:Verso Books 13436:, Boulder: 13394:I.B. Tauris 12833:Verso Books 12340:(in German) 12038:Gordon 2000 11972:24 November 11928:26 November 11706:Cooper 1982 11598:Cooper 1982 11547:15 February 11388:23 November 11078:Gordon 2000 11034:23 November 10938:Nelson 2000 10926:Botman 1988 10897:Weston 2008 10791:Daigle 2012 10661:Viorst 1987 10524:Kandil 2012 10369:Kandil 2012 10354:Kandil 2012 10339:Kandil 2012 10312:Kandil 2012 10285:Kandil 2012 10214:Kandil 2012 10173:Mutawi 2002 10137:Brooks 2008 10107:Kandil 2012 10040:Kandil 2012 10028:Brooks 2008 9998:Parker 1996 9986:Parker 1996 9974:Kandil 2012 9955:Brooks 2008 9943:Kandil 2012 9915:, p. 2 9913:Ferris 2013 9797:Brooks 2008 9785:Brooks 2008 9751:Kandil 2012 9648:Cubert 1997 8628:Kandil 2012 8570:Beinin 2005 8395:Kandil 2012 8341:Shlaim, Avi 8328:Heikal 1973 8316:Heikal 1973 8304:Heikal 1973 8100:Peretz 1994 8088:Peretz 1994 8073:Ansari 1986 7852:Kandil 2012 7666:Kandil 2012 7649:Kandil 2012 7637:Kandil 2012 7613:Kandil 2012 7596:Kandil 2012 7584:Kandil 2012 7560:Kandil 2012 7543:Kandil 2012 7509:Kandil 2012 7497:Kandil 2012 7231:Heikal 1973 7146:(in Hebrew) 7104:Heikal 1973 6696:Litvin 2011 6126:Six-Day War 6121:Suez Crisis 5844:Tahia Kazem 5832:Tahia Kazem 5799:Arab cinema 5747:South Yemen 5467:Segregation 5364:Persecution 5311:Nae Ionescu 5012:Disclose.tv 4725:Blood libel 4661:Strasserism 4443:New Zealand 4391:Costa Rican 4310:Definitions 4208:and writer 4186:October War 4177:Anwar Sadat 4157:Arab Spring 4132:Mubarak era 4035:feudalistic 3943:dignitaries 3853:Rogers Plan 3589:casus belli 3550:Six-Day War 3544:Six-Day War 3415:Sunni Islam 3394:Anwar Sadat 3257:independent 3185:bourgeoisie 3133:Fuad Chehab 3124:Salah Bitar 3080:Fuad Chehab 3013:Egypt, and 3003:King Faisal 2847:pan-Arabism 2761:Salah Salem 2705:Suez Crisis 2699:Suez Crisis 2555:Yugoslavian 2550:and India. 2536:French rule 2504:Afghanistan 2464:North Yemen 2458:Nasser and 2415:Arab League 2345:Umm Kulthum 2333:Sayyid Qutb 2271:Switzerland 2046:coup d'état 1958:Umm Kulthum 1927:Arab Legion 1923:Transjordan 1893:during the 1832:Anwar Sadat 1579:Upper Egypt 1504:Six-Day War 1488:pan-Arabist 1464:Suez Crisis 1190:The Journey 1083:Governments 1070:Suez Crisis 1055:Six-Day War 1041:Presidency 1004:(1953–1954) 990:(1956–1970) 776:Tahia Kazem 643:Preceded by 598:Preceded by 557:Preceded by 519:Preceded by 485:Gamal Salem 469:Preceded by 442:Gamal Salem 431:Gamal Salem 426:Preceded by 365:Preceded by 326:Preceded by 276:Preceded by 242:Anwar Sadat 225:Preceded by 20238:Categories 19744:Historians 19735:Space Race 19636:Rudé právo 19590:Propaganda 19446:Neo-Nazism 19416:Chauvinism 19370:Trotskyism 19285:Monetarism 19253:Liberalism 19245:Capitalism 19237:Ideologies 19188:Ostpolitik 18911:Solidarity 18876:Toyota War 18779:Solidarity 18636:Operation 18591:Ogaden War 18280:Dhofar War 18168:Shifta War 17926:Operation 17774:Korean War 17566:Operation 17558:Operation 17550:Operation 17527:Operation 17507:Operation 17499:Operation 17181:Literature 16874:Tariq Aziz 16791:Arab world 16786:Arab Union 16715:Dhofar War 16357:Boumédiène 16274:Tshisekedi 16239:Abdel Aziz 16153:Bouteflika 15998:Boumédiène 15525:Y. Ibrahim 15183:al-Kuzbari 15127:al-Quwatli 15116:al-Kuzbari 15061:al-Hinnawi 15051:al-Quwatli 14566:1964–1970 14539:1967–1970 14514:1954–1962 14466:1954–1970 14264:I.B.Tauris 14262:, London: 14239:Croom Helm 14237:, London: 14128:, Lanham: 13934:, Armonk: 13553:, London: 13531:, London: 13392:, London: 13119:, Albany: 13010:, London: 12831:, London: 12646:, Albany: 12570:Adi, Hakim 12451:29 January 12310:(in Czech) 11987:Rubin 2010 11897:Podeh 2004 11742:Podeh 2004 11718:Podeh 2004 11691:Podeh 2004 11679:Podeh 2004 11625:Podeh 2004 11613:Osman 2011 11542:Al-Jazeera 11415:Seale 1990 11384:. BBC MMIX 11362:Hamad 2008 11350:Osman 2011 11335:Hamad 2008 11276:Hamad 2008 11264:Podeh 2004 11206:Al-Jazeera 11117:Podeh 2004 10971:Reich 1990 10816:27 January 10809:Al Arabiya 10673:Farid 1996 10492:Farid 1996 10241:Fahmy 2013 9850:Stork 2001 9809:Farid 1996 9768:Farid 1996 9597:Seale 1990 9585:Seale 1990 9544:Seale 1990 9455:Podeh 2004 9316:Salam 2004 9252:23 January 9103:15 October 8924:Podeh 1999 8727:Yaqub 2004 8667:Rogan 2011 8594:12 January 8524:Yaqub 2004 8280:Rogan 2011 8268:Hamad 2008 8172:Podeh 2004 8160:James 2008 8141:James 2008 8025:Ginat 2010 8001:Ginat 2010 7989:Ginat 2010 7962:Ginat 2010 7950:Ginat 2010 7738:Brown 2000 7707:Rogan 2011 7204:Dokos 2007 7150:6 December 6452:28 January 6300:References 5950:Akher Sa'a 5781:Ahmed Zaki 5585:Yad Vashem 5490:Opposition 5462:Refuseniks 5413:Jewish hat 5386:Expulsions 5296:A. C. Cuza 5291:Horia Sima 5271:Rick Wiles 5221:David Lane 5181:Henry Ford 5166:David Duke 5141:Louis Beam 5089:Terrorgram 5084:Stormfront 4939:Mein Kampf 4804:Kosher tax 4792:Żydokomuna 4730:Cohen Plan 4606:Creativity 4161:revolution 4151:Historian 3750:mukhabarat 3637:Gaza Strip 3615:of Yemen, 3537:re-elected 3447:admitting 3437:curriculum 3342:Yugoslavia 3208:See also: 2960:contiguity 2861:Nasserites 2811:See also: 2636:Suez Canal 2620:Suez Canal 2557:president 2460:Imam Ahmad 2306:Alexandria 2223:Suez Canal 2145:Cairo Fire 2131:and Nasser 2065:Wafd Party 2044:'s Syrian 1993:Revolution 1749:, and the 1567:Alexandria 1557:Early life 1452:Arab world 953:Early life 842:Allegiance 817:politician 806:Profession 720:Alexandria 713:1918-01-15 20222:Biography 20031:Ken Young 19876:Tony Judt 19725:Arms race 19698:Red Scare 19566:NN States 19511:Apartheid 19466:Autocracy 19375:Stalinism 19343:Guevarism 19333:Castroism 19323:Communism 19315:Socialism 18841:Star Wars 18434:Koza riot 17560:Beleaguer 17552:Masterdom 17214:Symbolism 16558:Nasserism 16553:Ba'athism 16457:R. Castro 16452:F. Castro 16372:F. Castro 16362:Gopallawa 16289:Ghazouani 16284:Assoumani 16269:Ramaphosa 16219:Mutharika 16168:Mwanawasa 16113:Babangida 16038:Ramgoolam 16018:Hassan II 15675:Aly Maher 15655:Aly Maher 15600:Aly Maher 15585:Aly Maher 15352:Elbaroudi 15215:al-Khatib 15111:Shishakli 15100:Shishakli 15046:al-Ayyubi 15035:al-Hasani 15024:al-Khatib 15002:al-Hasani 14973:al-Hasani 14520:Ali Sabri 14197:159943632 14152:NUS Press 13468:317256563 13335:Doubleday 13146:IOS Press 13074:Routledge 12781:Bird, Kai 12764:Routledge 12737:, Cairo: 12715:, Cairo: 12626:Routledge 12582:Routledge 12536:314333504 12314:6 January 12232:Bird 2010 12193:Bird 2010 11856:Herf 2009 11512:18 August 11482:18 August 11453:18 August 11446:Gulf News 11173:Jadaliyya 11061:Cook 2011 10959:Cook 2011 9901:Cook 2011 9098:222110461 9090:1353-7113 9044:153362433 8785:Dann 1989 8509:Kyle 2001 8494:Kyle 2011 8357:6 October 8013:Cook 2011 7900:153604066 7892:1468-2745 6981:Cook 2011 6938:Reid 1981 6873:20 August 6406:cite news 6391:0190-8286 6305:Citations 5948:) (1955; 5923:influenza 5815:The Crown 5790:Nasser 56 5146:Don Black 5079:StoneToss 5049:Metapedia 5044:Jew Watch 4934:The Light 4688:Secondary 4683:Religious 4594:Christian 4584:Alt-right 4561:Venezuela 4483:Stalinist 4458:Palestine 4356:Australia 4351:Argentina 4344:Geography 4300:Reference 4168:Criticism 4073:Al-Karama 4061:Nasserist 4054:fine arts 3977:Jerusalem 3842:agreement 3641:West Bank 3526:Islamists 3441:religious 3433:evolution 3419:Wahhabism 3334:Indonesia 3241:civil war 3152:rebellion 3048:East ... 2991:Imam Badr 2900:phosphate 2845:By 1957, 2817:Nasserism 2795:diplomat 2753:Port Said 2693:Marrakesh 2624:Port Said 2492:Indonesia 2275:King Saud 2155:feudalism 2069:el-Nahhas 1979:armistice 1891:Palestine 1784:'s novel 1747:Garibaldi 1539:Aswan Dam 1533:efforts. 1484:socialist 1185:Port Said 1175:Nasser 56 1143:Elections 987:President 881:1938–1952 825:Signature 633:In office 588:In office 547:In office 499:In office 449:In office 406:In office 356:President 347:In office 340:Ali Sabri 308:President 299:In office 267:President 258:In office 248:31st 112:Ali Sabri 82:In office 20183:Timeline 20173:Category 20118:See also 19610:Izvestia 19451:Islamism 19348:Hoxhaism 19223:Rollback 19102:Abkhazia 19042:Gulf War 18946:Glasnost 18316:incident 18086:Sand War 17944:Ifni War 17453:Rio Pact 17398:Cold War 17356:Category 17298:Islamism 17007:Al-Fatat 16774:Concepts 16541:Ideology 16447:Abdullah 16442:Mahathir 16427:Pastrana 16392:Drnovšek 16194:Obasanjo 16189:Chissano 16148:Compaoré 16108:Museveni 16073:Mengistu 15988:Selassie 15968:Selassie 15950:and the 15850:Madbouly 15825:Ganzouri 15800:Ganzouri 15745:A. Sedky 15720:A. Sabry 15635:Nokrashy 15625:Nokrashy 15605:H. Sabry 15575:A. Yahya 15530:Zaghloul 15243:* acting 15205:al-Hafiz 15195:al-Qudsi 15056:al-Za'im 15040:al-Ulshi 15008:Solomiac 13955:(1990), 13930:(2010), 13845:49225708 13817:(2002), 13678:(1972), 13503:(2003), 13363:(2002), 13329:(1973), 13140:(2007), 13115:(1971), 12966:(2011), 12783:(2010), 12758:(1998), 12711:(2005), 12576:(2003), 12545:(2004), 12522:(1968), 11912:(1964), 11829:murdered 11643:Folklore 11381:BBC News 11024:Al-Ahram 8612:Archived 8343:(1997), 8231:BBC News 6350:"Nasser" 6319:"Nasser" 6100:See also 5929:Writings 5919:bed rest 5795:Egyptian 5787:'s 1996 5639:Category 5554:UN Watch 5424:Judensau 5381:Boycotts 5039:Groypers 4782:Judensau 4656:Neo-Nazi 4641:Medieval 4611:Economic 4579:Academic 4453:Pakistan 4326:Three Ds 4295:Timeline 4271:Part of 4248:a series 4246:Part of 4123:Mansoura 4033:, while 3981:Old City 3914:diabetes 3752:state". 3633:el-Arish 3594:alliance 3481:diabetes 3453:Alawites 3411:de facto 3407:al-Azhar 3400:Al-Azhar 3163:comrade 3144:Damascus 3035:Qasimism 2841:of Syria 2660:Belgrade 2622:city of 2516:Cold War 2496:Pakistan 2386:attacked 2365:Dakahlia 2141:Ismailia 2137:fedayeen 2103:al-Misri 1883:1948 war 1843:Khartoum 1836:Mankabad 1735:Napoleon 1727:Muhammad 1698:Al-Gihad 1653:Al Gihad 1644:Voltaire 1602:Khatatba 1587:el-Minya 1575:Beni Mur 1018:1948 War 1011:Military 958:Ideology 795:Children 149:See list 101:See list 72:2nd 20196:Portals 19673:Amerika 19556:Comecon 19441:Fascism 19431:Zionism 19380:Titoism 18921:Contras 18389:Détente 17666:Comecon 17002:Al-Awda 16577:History 16482:Rouhani 16467:Tantawi 16462:Mubarak 16432:Mandela 16417:Suharto 16214:Gaddafi 16209:Kikwete 16199:Nguesso 16163:Chiluba 16158:Eyadéma 16128:Ben Ali 16123:Mubarak 16103:Mubarak 16088:Nguesso 16078:Nyerere 16063:Stevens 16058:Senghor 16053:Tolbert 16048:Nimeiry 15978:Nkrumah 15872:interim 15835:Beblawi 15775:Mubarak 15730:Soliman 15595:Mahmoud 15555:Mahmoud 15322:Isma'il 15226:Khaddam 15189:al-Nuss 15014:al-Abid 14957:Barakat 14929:Barakat 14398:Hypatia 12512:Sources 12370:27 June 12288:24 June 12103:10 June 12064:23 July 11924:(1): 52 11663:1261035 11308:30 June 11244:11 June 11212:10 June 11180:11 June 11145:10 June 10423:4329432 9049:5 March 8555:29 July 8238:4 March 7905:4 March 6626:23 July 6362:9 March 6334:9 March 6017:Honours 5988:, 1955) 5848:Iranian 5810:Netflix 5777:Saladin 5723:statist 5445:Pogroms 5100:TruNews 5061:Red Ice 5034:GoyimTV 4745:Deicide 4698:Zionist 4673:Olympic 4631:Islamic 4549:History 4522:Ukraine 4463:Romania 4428:Hungary 4418:Germany 4386:Chilean 4381:Chinese 4371:Belgium 4366:Belarus 4361:Austria 4290:History 4202:liberal 4190:Infitah 3986:Le Jour 3804:of the 3330:Sukarno 3280:toppled 3247:at the 3197:Latakia 2893:Lebanon 2833:, King 2771:The US 2532:Morocco 2528:Algeria 2524:Tunisia 2486:At the 2474:of the 1910:British 1768:, poet 1739:Atatürk 1723:sayings 1583:Mallawi 1458:of the 1045:History 789: 781: 317:Himself 270:Himself 189:(1961) 159:(1958) 19624:Pravda 19426:Racism 19365:Maoism 19117:Kosovo 18638:Condor 18314:Pueblo 18300:May 68 17928:Gladio 17846:Tuapse 17509:Jungle 17501:Priboi 16492:Aliyev 16487:Maduro 16422:Samper 16407:Kostić 16387:Mugabe 16352:Kaunda 16347:Nasser 16259:Kagame 16244:Mugabe 16224:Obiang 16204:Kufuor 16143:Mugabe 16098:Traoré 16093:Kaunda 16013:Daddah 16008:Kaunda 16003:Ahidjo 15993:Mobutu 15983:Ankrah 15973:Nasser 15907:period 15845:Ismail 15840:Mahlab 15830:Qandil 15820:Sharaf 15815:Shafik 15765:Khalil 15755:Hegazy 15735:Nasser 15715:Nasser 15710:Naguib 15705:Nasser 15700:Naguib 15680:Naguib 15670:Hilaly 15660:Hilaly 15580:Naseem 15545:Sarwat 15535:Zeiwar 15520:Naseem 15515:Sarwat 15490:Naseem 15475:Roshdy 15412:Roshdy 15382:Fakhry 15362:Sherif 15357:Raghib 15347:Sherif 15337:Tewfik 15332:Sherif 15327:Tewfik 15155:Nasser 15029:al-Azm 14857:Italic 14412:online 14402:online 14337: 14329:Nasser 14314: 14292: 14270: 14253:online 14245: 14223: 14195: 14158: 14136: 14114: 14090: 14059: 14035: 14013: 13991: 13969: 13942: 13917: 13899: 13881: 13863: 13843: 13833: 13804: 13782: 13764: 13742: 13720: 13694: 13682:Nasser 13665: 13645: 13625: 13607: 13583: 13561: 13539: 13517: 13486: 13466: 13444: 13422: 13400: 13375: 13341: 13316: 13290: 13272: 13250: 13226: 13208: 13190: 13172: 13152: 13127: 13102: 13080: 13058: 13040: 13018: 12996: 12978: 12953: 12931: 12905: 12883: 12861: 12839: 12815: 12797: 12770: 12745: 12723: 12698: 12676: 12654: 12632: 12610: 12588: 12559: 12534: 12406:6 June 12344:4 July 12254:1 June 11820: 11793: 11762: 11661: 11580:1 July 10698: 10421: 10071: 9243: 9096: 9088: 9042: 7898: 7890: 7192:Maariv 7126: 6389: 6277:Arabic 6095:(1955) 6088:(1965) 6074:(1964) 6065:(2004) 6045:(1967) 6038:(1965) 6031:(1966) 6006:Arabic 5972:Arabic 5942:Arabic 5909:, and 5865:Khalid 5836:Khaled 5803:biopic 5749:, the 5571:(IHRA) 5401:Mellah 5074:(blog) 4678:Racial 4651:Nazism 4636:Jewish 4517:Turkey 4512:Sweden 4468:Russia 4448:Norway 4423:Greece 4401:France 4396:Europe 4376:Canada 4125:, 1960 4081:Kefaya 3997:Legacy 3927:MiG-21 3857:Israel 3724:Israel 3609:Faisal 3455:, and 3300:Sana'a 3285:purged 2891:, and 2857:Beirut 2801:rayyes 2530:, and 2502:, and 2379:(1965) 1983:occupy 1975:Rhodes 1931:Israel 1731:Sahaba 1721:, the 1719:Qur'an 1657:Farouk 1617:Helwan 1549:, his 1543:Helwan 1541:, and 1439:under 1296:(2004) 1284:(1967) 1272:(1966) 1260:(1965) 1248:(1965) 1236:(1964) 1225:(1955) 1203:Honors 1180:Nasser 770:Spouse 20210:Egypt 20109:Stasi 19576:SAARC 19571:ASEAN 19536:SEATO 19389:Other 19354:Juche 19112:Korea 19025:1990s 18738:1980s 18382:1970s 18005:1960s 17757:1950s 17467:1940s 17448:NEATO 17443:SEATO 17433:ANZUS 17102:Fatah 16472:Morsi 16437:Mbeki 16412:Ćosić 16402:Mesić 16397:Jović 16382:Singh 16377:Reddy 16254:Condé 16184:Mbeki 16133:Meles 16118:Diouf 16083:Diouf 16043:Bongo 16028:Barre 16023:Gowon 15883:Urabi 15862:Notes 15810:Nazif 15805:Ebeid 15790:Lotfy 15770:Sadat 15760:Salem 15750:Sadat 15740:Fawzi 15665:Sirri 15650:Nahas 15645:Sirri 15630:Sidky 15615:Nahas 15610:Sirri 15590:Nahas 15570:Sidky 15565:Nahas 15560:Yakan 15550:Nahas 15540:Yakan 15495:Yakan 15485:Wahba 15402:Ghaly 15397:Fahmi 15392:Nobar 15377:Fahmi 15367:Nobar 15317:Nobar 15294:Egypt 14772:Egypt 14491:1954 14204:(PDF) 14193:S2CID 14173:(PDF) 12497:(PDF) 12400:(PDF) 12389:(PDF) 12334:(PDF) 11659:JSTOR 10882:3 May 10419:JSTOR 9094:S2CID 9040:S2CID 7896:S2CID 6142:Notes 5883:Mecca 5727:Yemen 5707:Libya 5000:8chan 4972:Siege 4814:QAnon 4507:Spain 4438:Japan 4433:Italy 3969:Allah 3939:Libya 3826:Fatah 3457:Druze 3445:fatwā 3424:ulema 3350:India 3346:Nehru 3265:Talal 3156:Mosul 2548:China 2534:from 2500:Burma 2377:Sohag 2341:press 2174:pasha 1987:Eilat 1823:wasta 1606:Cairo 1598:Asyut 1563:Bakos 1520:Cairo 1480:Syria 1478:with 783:( 779: 740:Cairo 19649:TASS 19541:METO 19531:NATO 18757:and 18755:1980 18312:USS 17438:METO 17423:NATO 16342:Tito 16279:Sall 16264:Sisi 16249:Déby 16229:Boni 16138:Biya 16033:Amin 15640:Hady 15480:Said 15407:Said 15387:Riaz 15372:Riaz 15342:Riaz 15298:List 15106:Selu 14968:Nami 14902:List 14776:List 14335:ISBN 14312:ISBN 14290:ISBN 14268:ISBN 14243:ISBN 14221:ISBN 14156:ISBN 14134:ISBN 14112:ISBN 14088:ISBN 14057:ISBN 14033:ISBN 14011:ISBN 13989:ISBN 13967:ISBN 13940:ISBN 13915:ISBN 13897:ISBN 13879:ISBN 13861:ISBN 13841:OCLC 13831:ISBN 13802:ISBN 13780:ISBN 13762:ISBN 13740:ISBN 13718:ISBN 13692:ISBN 13663:ISBN 13643:ISBN 13623:ISBN 13605:ISBN 13581:ISBN 13559:ISBN 13537:ISBN 13515:ISBN 13484:ISBN 13464:OCLC 13442:ISBN 13420:ISBN 13398:ISBN 13373:ISBN 13339:ISBN 13314:ISBN 13288:ISBN 13270:ISBN 13248:ISBN 13224:ISBN 13206:ISBN 13188:ISBN 13170:ISBN 13150:ISBN 13125:ISBN 13100:ISBN 13078:ISBN 13056:ISBN 13038:ISBN 13016:ISBN 12994:ISBN 12976:ISBN 12951:ISBN 12929:ISBN 12903:ISBN 12881:ISBN 12859:ISBN 12837:ISBN 12813:ISBN 12795:ISBN 12768:ISBN 12743:ISBN 12721:ISBN 12696:ISBN 12674:ISBN 12652:ISBN 12630:ISBN 12608:ISBN 12586:ISBN 12557:ISBN 12532:OCLC 12453:2016 12408:2016 12372:2021 12346:2023 12316:2022 12290:2013 12256:2024 12105:2013 12066:2013 11974:2009 11961:Time 11930:2009 11818:ISBN 11791:ISBN 11760:ISBN 11582:2013 11549:2011 11514:2013 11484:2013 11455:2013 11390:2009 11310:2013 11246:2013 11214:2013 11182:2013 11171:and 11147:2013 11036:2009 10912:Time 10884:2010 10871:Time 10818:2011 10696:ISBN 10069:ISBN 9254:2018 9241:ISBN 9105:2023 9086:ISSN 9051:2023 8596:2017 8557:2010 8359:2009 8240:2007 7907:2023 7888:ISSN 7152:2017 7124:ISBN 6875:2013 6628:2013 6454:2022 6425:link 6418:help 6398:2021 6387:ISSN 6364:2020 6336:2020 5879:Hajj 5797:and 4589:Arab 4275:and 4224:, a 4216:and 4144:Time 3870:, a 3778:Suez 3338:Tito 3017:and 2889:Iraq 2815:and 2707:and 2442:and 2428:US$ 2375:and 2369:Qena 2347:and 1985:the 1830:and 1745:and 1210:List 1160:1956 1155:1958 1150:1965 886:Rank 730:Died 695:Born 23:and 20104:KGB 20099:MVD 20084:MI6 20079:MI5 20074:CIA 19546:EEC 16068:Moi 15905:UAR 15785:Aly 15292:of 14185:doi 12474:doi 12057:CNN 11787:141 11651:doi 11647:103 9078:doi 9032:doi 7880:doi 5783:in 5705:of 5024:Gab 4668:New 4544:USA 3937:of 3824:'s 3806:PLO 3380:at 3348:of 3340:of 3332:of 3195:to 3154:in 2490:in 2462:of 2373:Qus 2277:of 2067:of 1925:'s 1753:of 1725:of 1577:in 20240:: 15900:^4 15890:^3 15878:^2 15868:^1 14288:, 14266:, 14241:, 14219:, 14191:, 14181:43 14179:, 14175:, 14154:, 14132:, 14110:, 14086:, 14055:, 14051:, 14031:, 14009:, 13987:, 13965:, 13938:, 13859:, 13839:, 13829:, 13825:: 13800:, 13760:, 13738:, 13716:, 13690:, 13603:, 13579:, 13557:, 13535:, 13513:, 13499:; 13482:, 13462:, 13440:, 13418:, 13396:, 13371:, 13337:, 13312:, 13286:, 13268:, 13246:, 13148:, 13123:, 13098:, 13076:, 13036:, 13014:, 12974:, 12949:, 12927:, 12901:, 12879:, 12857:, 12835:, 12793:, 12766:, 12741:, 12719:, 12694:, 12672:, 12650:, 12628:, 12606:, 12584:, 12572:; 12555:, 12530:, 12499:. 12439:. 12391:. 12362:. 12336:. 12306:. 12247:. 12200:^ 12185:^ 12095:. 12054:. 12006:^ 11958:. 11920:, 11916:, 11887:^ 11826:. 11789:. 11698:^ 11671:^ 11657:. 11645:. 11641:. 11605:^ 11590:^ 11566:. 11540:. 11534:. 11522:^ 11503:. 11472:, 11443:. 11378:. 11342:^ 11301:. 11295:. 11283:^ 11254:^ 11236:. 11230:. 11204:. 11198:. 11166:. 11155:^ 11133:. 11109:^ 11068:^ 11022:. 11016:. 10993:^ 10978:^ 10945:^ 10868:. 10845:^ 10826:^ 10806:. 10779:^ 10764:^ 10749:^ 10704:. 10653:^ 10638:^ 10609:^ 10570:^ 10543:^ 10516:^ 10499:^ 10482:^ 10443:^ 10415:54 10413:. 10409:. 10361:^ 10346:^ 10331:^ 10292:^ 10265:^ 10248:^ 10221:^ 10192:^ 10129:^ 10114:^ 10099:^ 10077:. 10067:. 10065:79 10047:^ 10020:^ 10005:^ 9962:^ 9935:^ 9920:^ 9881:^ 9828:^ 9775:^ 9758:^ 9727:^ 9708:^ 9691:^ 9640:^ 9619:^ 9604:^ 9551:^ 9508:^ 9479:^ 9462:^ 9447:^ 9428:^ 9401:^ 9374:^ 9323:^ 9308:^ 9289:^ 9262:^ 9213:^ 9128:^ 9113:^ 9092:. 9084:. 9074:26 9072:. 9068:. 9038:. 9028:10 9026:. 9020:. 9008:^ 8979:^ 8856:^ 8839:^ 8816:^ 8765:^ 8746:^ 8719:^ 8702:^ 8674:^ 8647:^ 8516:^ 8501:^ 8484:^ 8469:^ 8440:^ 8419:^ 8402:^ 8347:, 8248:^ 8228:. 8217:^ 8194:^ 8179:^ 8148:^ 8119:^ 8080:^ 8065:^ 8032:^ 7969:^ 7930:^ 7915:^ 7894:. 7886:. 7876:11 7874:. 7868:. 7826:^ 7805:^ 7766:^ 7745:^ 7714:^ 7697:^ 7656:^ 7603:^ 7550:^ 7535:^ 7516:^ 7473:^ 7458:^ 7419:^ 7392:^ 7349:^ 7334:^ 7311:^ 7294:^ 7279:^ 7238:^ 7223:^ 7160:^ 7080:^ 7053:^ 7000:^ 6969:^ 6914:^ 6895:^ 6866:. 6841:^ 6822:^ 6805:^ 6778:^ 6751:^ 6684:^ 6619:. 6583:^ 6562:^ 6547:^ 6508:^ 6461:^ 6410:: 6408:}} 6404:{{ 6385:. 6381:. 6352:. 6327:. 6321:. 6283:, 6279:: 6275:; 6271:-/ 6268:əl 6259:ɑː 6253:/- 6249:: 6247:US 6243:, 6236:ər 6221:,- 6218:ər 6212:ɑː 6178:ɑː 6159:: 6157:UK 6008:: 5974:: 5952:) 5944:: 5925:. 5905:, 5818:. 4250:on 4091:. 3953:. 3908:, 3726:. 3512:, 3508:, 3451:, 3086:. 2526:, 2371:, 2367:, 2308:. 2127:, 2032:, 2028:, 2020:, 2016:, 1792:. 1776:, 1757:. 1741:, 1737:, 1585:, 1565:, 785:m. 742:, 722:, 20198:: 18917:) 18913:( 17922:" 17918:" 17895:" 17891:" 17390:e 17383:t 17376:v 16526:e 16519:t 16512:v 16323:e 16316:t 16309:v 15940:e 15933:t 15926:v 15300:) 15296:( 15275:e 15268:t 15261:v 15228:* 15217:* 15191:* 15185:* 15118:* 15102:* 15063:* 15042:* 15031:* 15010:* 15004:* 14975:* 14964:* 14904:) 14900:( 14890:e 14883:t 14876:v 14778:) 14774:( 14754:e 14747:t 14740:v 14616:e 14609:t 14602:v 14320:. 14187:: 12482:. 12476:: 12455:. 12410:. 12374:. 12348:. 12318:. 12292:. 12258:. 12107:. 12068:. 11976:. 11922:1 11799:. 11768:. 11665:. 11653:: 11584:. 11551:. 11516:. 11457:. 11392:. 11312:. 11248:. 11216:. 11184:. 11149:. 11038:. 10886:. 10820:. 10425:. 9256:. 9107:. 9080:: 9053:. 9034:: 8598:. 8559:. 8242:. 7909:. 7882:: 7154:. 7132:. 6877:. 6630:. 6427:) 6420:) 6400:. 6366:. 6338:. 6292:. 6265:d 6262:b 6256:ˌ 6239:/ 6233:s 6230:æ 6227:n 6224:ˈ 6215:s 6209:n 6206:ˈ 6201:l 6198:ɛ 6195:d 6192:b 6189:æ 6186:ˌ 6181:l 6175:m 6172:ˈ 6169:ə 6166:ɡ 6163:/ 6004:( 5970:( 5962:) 5940:( 5664:e 5657:t 5650:v 1885:. 1405:e 1398:t 1391:v 1047:) 1043:( 715:) 711:( 27:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Gamal Abdel Nasser

Index