Knowledge

Canadian Ski Patrol

Source đź“ť

698: 725:. At some resorts, patrollers also provide lift evacuation services when needed, mostly as assistance to mountain operations teams. Members of the CSP typically perform an opening sweep before the official opening of the resort for the general public in order to mark possible hazards and close areas deemed inappropriate for recreational skiing and snowboarding. At the end of the day, patrollers will ride the last chair and perform a closing sweep to ensure all patrons are off the hill. 91: 187: 611: 22: 655:
patient, and effectively manage an accident scene. During on snow training, patrollers are often introduced to local protocols, which might differ from those used in other ski resorts. Recertification is required every 3 years, although many zones rectify their members annually during recruit training. Some areas also accept patrollers who are on foot or
783:
on Canadian Ski Patrol Day by inviting fellow Canadians to put on a snowsuit and make snow angels in ski resorts and public areas across Canada in order to beat the old record of 15,851 people. Hundreds of ski resorts across the country, from Newfoundland to Vancouver Island, took part in the event,
198:
area. It was from this request that the Canadian Ski Patrol System (CSPS) was formed as a standing committee of the CASA with independent patrols in different areas. During the years between 1941 and 1948, the Second World War restricted expansion, but the Toronto-area and Montreal-area ski patrols
772:
Every year, the CSP collectively organizes special events related to the promotion of ski safety. While some events are organized at the national level, others, such as support nights and dinners, are planned locally by individual ski resort patrols or zones. Nationally, on the third of February,
320:
The CSP is divided into Divisions, each of which is led by a Division President, an Education Officer as well as other officers as required. Divisions are further sub-divided into Zones, with a Zone President, executive officers (including an education officer), patrol leaders (one for each ski
654:
Members participating in alpine and Nordic disciplines are required to maintain their on-snow certification, which consists of being able to demonstrate intermediate-level skiing or snowboarding skills, the ability to properly and safely handle a toboggan, with and without being loaded with a
667:
Throughout the year, members of the CSP organize training sessions in order to maintain their skills with regard to advanced first aid, accident scene management, rescue operations, and avalanche control. Although some exercises are reserved for CSP members, many take place with partner
276:
in British Columbia, to hire professional (paid) patrollers, while some other ski areas have a fifty-fifty distribution of professional (paid) and volunteer (CSP) patrollers. Some resorts also recruit patrollers holding more extensive professional certifications, such as primary care
638:
training. Following successful completion or recertification of their training, each member is certified in advanced first aid and rescue procedures as an advanced first aid responder. This training and certification are both recognized by the federal government.
642:
The initial certification course is a minimum of 60 hours, while annual recertification courses are a minimum of 16 hours. Successful completion of a certification course also requires successful completion of written, skills, diagnostic and CPR/AED testing.
1451: 202:
In the 1960s, following a dramatic increase in the popularity of skiing as a family sport, the services provided by the CSPS were in great demand. Registration grew to more than 650 certified members, providing services in
712:
The CSP provides the full range of services which would be needed by an alpine or Nordic facility: advanced first-aid and emergency response, patient extrication and transportation, safety initiatives, and
773:
annually, is held the Canadian Ski Patrol Day, celebrated within ski resorts across the country. Activities typically include ski patrol shadowing, a variety of games for children, safe slaloming, etc.
174:. The Canadian Ski Patrol (CSP) has more than 4,500 registered members consisting of alpine and Nordic skiers, snowboarders, and non-skiers/boarders, making it the largest volunteer-based 1458: 984:
Douglas Firth: Founder, Canada's Ski Patrol. Skiing Heritage Journal. International Skiing History Association. Fourth Issue 2001 (December). Volume 13. Number 4. Consulted 5 Feb. 2019.
262:
A national management committee was established in 1978 to handle the operation of the system, and the following year the organization moved its head office to a permanent facility in
272:
Over the years, some ski areas across the country have either dissociated from or refused to adhere to the CSP. As such, it is becoming more common for some ski areas, such as
273: 194:
In 1940, Dr. Douglas Ernest Firth was asked by the Canadian Amateur Ski Association (CASA) to organize and train a first aid rescue team to patrol the ski resorts in the
1520: 681: 1283:
Mike Power. President of Canadian ski patrol Newfoundland and Labrador Zone visits Smokey Mountain. The Aurora. Published on 8 Feb. 2018. Consulted on 5 Feb. 2019.
1128: 1282: 1227: 178:
organization in Canada. Members of the CSP are involved in accident prevention and intervention, managerial activities, and patroller and public education.
269:
In 2013, the name of the CSPS was officially changed to the Canadian Ski Patrol (CSP), and the current logo with a red leaf and a white cross was adopted.
1444: 1373: 1374:
Dylan McCullough. The Canadian Ski Patrol 'ski swap' begins tomorrow in Kelowna. Kelowna Now. Published on 13 Sept. 2018. Consulted on 5 Feb. 2019.
635: 199:
united to form the nucleus of a national organization. During the next few years, the system expanded in Ontario, Quebec, and the Vancouver area.
1358: 928: 170:
and emergency response services at more than 230 ski resorts and Nordic centres, as well as hundreds of recreational and sporting events across
255:. Membership grew proportionately, with approximately 2,500 certified patrollers registered by the end of the decade. The following year, the 1297:
Emily Perrins. On-hill training for a “worst case scenario”. Sun Peaks Independent News. Published on 29 Jan. 2019. Consulted on 5 Feb. 2019.
1129:"Éducation et enseignement supérieur Québec / Ski alpin / Les services de secourisme / Organismes agréés pour la formation des secouristes" 1323:
Jean Strong. New members wanted for volunteer ski patrol. Sun Peaks Independent News. Published on 21 Aug. 2018. Consulted on 5 Feb. 2019.
1307: 983: 872: 827: 266:. Today, the head office remains in the same location, with three full-time staff members who manage day-to-day business operations. 947: 851: 697: 646:
The advanced first aid and CPR certification provided by the CSP is recognized by most workplace safety agencies across Canada.
1479: 808: 948:
AdventureSmart hosts Avalanche Awareness Day session. North Shore News. Published on 25 Jan. 2019. Consulted on 5 Feb. 2019.
46: 733:
The CSP provides medical and first response services at events year round such as marathons, festivals, and bikeathons.
1159: 454: 64: 1530: 1484: 1389: 1235: 627: 1405:
Arnold IM, Ackman CF. Skiing injuries in Canada: a coast-to-coast study. J Sports Med. 1973 Jan-Feb; 1(2): 31-3.
1322: 415: 1296: 166:) is a national, non-profit, registered charitable organization that is volunteer-based and provides advanced 1525: 684:
or major avalanche, requires multi-agency response in order to ensure a safe and effective rescue operation.
623: 753: 509: 495: 348: 1020: 761: 669: 618:
All ski patrollers are required to complete initial certification or recertify annually in an advanced
541: 238: 1431: 1489: 567: 335: 234:
In 1961, the CSPS became an accredited national charity, thereby gaining independence from the CASA.
175: 37: 799:
The CSP also participates in research by providing information regarding skiing injuries in Canada.
247:
During the late 1960s, expansion continued both in the east and in the west with the addition of an
528: 361: 1334: 1202: 1103: 533: 582: 190:
Canadian Ski Patrol members with Regimental Sergeant-Major Prévost in the lead in Italy in 1944
1436: 780: 741: 737: 1432:
Fédération internationale des patrouilles de ski (international federation of ski patrols)
8: 1494: 259:
Division was formed and, by 1975, registration had reached 4,200 certified patrollers.
1406: 714: 677: 32: 680:
groups. Indeed, any significant incident that occurs within a ski resort, such as a
757: 296:, where several alternative ski patrol training organizations exist, including the 252: 1176: 248: 749: 736:
Some notable events which the CSP has provided medical services at include the
706: 631: 241: 90: 1514: 828:
Slav Kornik. Edmonton family continues ski patrol tradition at Marmot Basin.
1361: 1308:
How Whistler-Blackcomb's ski patrol works to keep avalanches under control.
995: 891: 875: 745: 702: 256: 186: 1410: 929:
Manitoba participates in attempt to break snow angel Guinness World Record
1393: 1078: 932: 855: 852:
Slav Kornik. Canadians attempt to break snow angels Guinness World Record
830: 722: 208: 873:
Mitch MacDonald. P.E.I.'s ski patrol members are prepared for the worst.
425: 791:
program partners with the CSP to teach the basics of avalanche rescue.
777: 718: 517: 251:
Division and the formation of a zone which covered a broad area within
1467: 619: 286: 278: 167: 1053: 1310: 1163: 656: 430: 228: 220: 212: 420: 385: 1104:"Canadian Ski Patrol: Staff and Executive: National Office Staff" 435: 224: 216: 195: 139: 788: 610: 673: 614:
Ski patroller maneuvering a loaded toboggan down a steep slope.
473: 293: 263: 204: 171: 135: 1466: 878:. Published on 19 November 2017. Consulted on 5 February 2019. 448: 1364:. Published on 24 January 2019. Consulted on 5 February 2019. 1257: 443: 409: 282: 1390:
Lauren Pullen. Can Canada break the snow angel world record?
886: 884: 501: 150: 1426: 1160:
Kevin Yarr. Snowshoes in the basement? Ski patrol wants you
833:. Published on 18 March 2018. Consulted on 5 February 2019. 1396:. Published on 3 February 2017. Consulted on 5 Feb. 2019. 935:. Published on 4 February 2017. Consulted on 5 Feb. 2019. 881: 858:. Published on 4 February 2017. Consulted on 5 Feb. 2019. 1203:"Who We Are… Fast Facts: Education and Safety Promotion" 649: 1359:
Brookvale hosting Ski Patrol Support Night on Jan. 29.
292:
The situation is even more complex in the province of
1313:. Published 12 March 2018. Consulted 5 February 2019. 1166:. Published 22 Sept. 2017. Consulted 5 February 2019. 717:
mitigation and response which may include the use of
1262:
Canadian Ski Patrol: Ontario Division, Kawartha Zone
959: 1228:"Big White: Canadian Ski Patrol Recruitment Night" 1521:Medical and health organizations based in Ontario 960:"Welcome to the Canadian Ski Patrol Ogopogo Zone" 321:area), assistant patrol leaders, and patrollers. 1512: 776:In 2016 and 2017, the CSP attempt to break the 315: 1452: 1335:"Who We Are... Fast Facts: Other Initiatives" 764:, and the Toronto OneWalk to Conquer Cancer. 600: 1054:"History & Alumni – Canadian Ski Patrol" 943: 941: 1459: 1445: 1385: 1383: 1381: 924: 922: 920: 918: 916: 914: 912: 298:Institut national de secourisme du QuĂ©bec 65:Learn how and when to remove this message 42:general reorganization of article needed. 938: 847: 845: 843: 841: 839: 696: 609: 185: 119:Volunteer-based, non-profit organization 1378: 996:"Canadian Ski Patrol: National – About" 868: 866: 864: 223:, in addition to the original central ( 1513: 1292: 1290: 1155: 1153: 1151: 1149: 977: 909: 1440: 1048: 1046: 1044: 1042: 836: 650:On snow and accident scene management 605: 332:are, from eastern to western Canada: 244:became the first patron on the CSPS. 861: 687: 662: 15: 1301: 1287: 1146: 13: 1121: 1039: 1027:. Chicopee Ski & Summer Resort 809:Canadian Ski Instructors' Alliance 701:Canadian Ski Patrol volunteers at 14: 1542: 1420: 1183:. Intrawest: Blue Mountain Resort 767: 628:automated external defibrillation 1470:training organizations in Canada 1234:. 20 August 2014. Archived from 964:Canadian Ski Patrol Ogopogo Zone 344:Newfoundland & Labrador Zone 89: 20: 1399: 1367: 1352: 1327: 1316: 1276: 1250: 1220: 1195: 1169: 1096: 1071: 1013: 728: 988: 952: 821: 742:2010 Vancouver Winter Olympics 1: 814: 668:organizations, such as local 624:cardiopulmonary resuscitation 892:"Canadian Ski Patrol: About" 164:Patrouille canadienne de ski 83:Patrouille canadienne de ski 7: 1480:Heart and Stroke Foundation 1427:Canadian Ski Patrol Website 1258:"Who We Are: Our Strengths" 802: 794: 754:Toronto Waterfront Marathon 316:Coast-to-coast organization 103:; 83 years ago 40:. The specific problem is: 10: 1547: 692: 670:emergency medical services 601:Training and certification 328:and their internal member 274:SilverStar Mountain Resort 239:Governor General of Canada 181: 1475: 402:Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean Zone 207:, the Lakehead area (now 176:certified first responder 146: 131: 127:Outdoor recreation safety 123: 115: 97: 88: 310:Station Mont Sainte-Anne 1531:First aid organizations 784:both in 2016 and 2017. 682:multi-casualty incident 622:course, which includes 547:Pacific North Division 302:Groupe Montagne Explore 1133:Gouvernement du QuĂ©bec 762:Ride to Conquer Cancer 709: 615: 583:Greater Vancouver Zone 568:Pacific South Division 460:Lake of the Woods Zone 349:Atlantic West Division 336:Atlantic East Division 191: 1264:. Canadian Ski Patrol 1021:"Canadian Ski Patrol" 781:Guinness World Record 700: 613: 534:Southern Alberta Zone 474:Saskatchewan Division 440:Sault Ste. Marie Zone 376:Cantons-de-l'Est Zone 189: 1526:Skiing organizations 1238:on 19 September 2014 1232:Big White Ski Resort 1181:Blue Mountain Resort 47:improve this article 36:to meet Knowledge's 1500:Canadian Ski Patrol 1339:Canadian Ski Patrol 1207:Canadian Ski Patrol 1108:Canadian Ski Patrol 1083:Canadian Ski Patrol 1058:Canadian Ski Patrol 1000:Canadian Ski Patrol 896:Canadian Ski Patrol 746:Canada Winter Games 596:Inter-Mountain Zone 506:Drayton Valley Zone 160:Canadian Ski Patrol 85: 80:Canadian Ski Patrol 1490:St. John Ambulance 1485:Lifesaving Society 710: 616: 606:Advanced first aid 560:Skeena Valley Zone 557:Prince George Zone 554:Fort St. John Zone 518:Fort McMurray Zone 382:Est du QuĂ©bec Zone 379:De Lanaudière Zone 192: 79: 1508: 1507: 1177:"Patrol Services" 1025:Discover Chicopee 688:Services provided 678:search and rescue 663:Skill maintenance 551:Dawson Creek Zone 496:Mountain Division 455:Manitoba Division 393:Laurentienne Zone 357:North Border Zone 156: 155: 75: 74: 67: 38:quality standards 29:This article may 1538: 1461: 1454: 1447: 1438: 1437: 1414: 1403: 1397: 1387: 1376: 1371: 1365: 1356: 1350: 1349: 1347: 1345: 1331: 1325: 1320: 1314: 1305: 1299: 1294: 1285: 1280: 1274: 1273: 1271: 1269: 1254: 1248: 1247: 1245: 1243: 1224: 1218: 1217: 1215: 1213: 1199: 1193: 1192: 1190: 1188: 1173: 1167: 1157: 1144: 1143: 1141: 1139: 1125: 1119: 1118: 1116: 1114: 1100: 1094: 1093: 1091: 1089: 1075: 1069: 1068: 1066: 1064: 1050: 1037: 1036: 1034: 1032: 1017: 1011: 1010: 1008: 1006: 992: 986: 981: 975: 974: 972: 970: 956: 950: 945: 936: 926: 907: 906: 904: 902: 888: 879: 870: 859: 849: 834: 825: 758:Ottawa Bluesfest 579:Crow's Nest Zone 410:Ontario Division 370:Baie-Comeau Zone 341:Nova Scotia Zone 253:British Columbia 151:www.skipatrol.ca 111: 109: 104: 93: 86: 78: 70: 63: 59: 56: 50: 24: 23: 16: 1546: 1545: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1537: 1536: 1535: 1511: 1510: 1509: 1504: 1471: 1465: 1423: 1418: 1417: 1404: 1400: 1388: 1379: 1372: 1368: 1357: 1353: 1343: 1341: 1333: 1332: 1328: 1321: 1317: 1306: 1302: 1295: 1288: 1281: 1277: 1267: 1265: 1256: 1255: 1251: 1241: 1239: 1226: 1225: 1221: 1211: 1209: 1201: 1200: 1196: 1186: 1184: 1175: 1174: 1170: 1158: 1147: 1137: 1135: 1127: 1126: 1122: 1112: 1110: 1102: 1101: 1097: 1087: 1085: 1077: 1076: 1072: 1062: 1060: 1052: 1051: 1040: 1030: 1028: 1019: 1018: 1014: 1004: 1002: 994: 993: 989: 982: 978: 968: 966: 958: 957: 953: 946: 939: 927: 910: 900: 898: 890: 889: 882: 871: 862: 850: 837: 826: 822: 817: 805: 797: 770: 731: 695: 690: 665: 652: 608: 603: 514:Elk Valley Zone 488:Qu'Appelle Zone 373:Bois-Franc Zone 362:Quebec Division 318: 184: 107: 105: 102: 81: 71: 60: 54: 51: 44: 25: 21: 12: 11: 5: 1544: 1534: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1506: 1505: 1503: 1502: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1476: 1473: 1472: 1464: 1463: 1456: 1449: 1441: 1435: 1434: 1429: 1422: 1421:External links 1419: 1416: 1415: 1398: 1377: 1366: 1351: 1326: 1315: 1300: 1286: 1275: 1249: 1219: 1194: 1168: 1145: 1120: 1095: 1070: 1038: 1012: 987: 976: 951: 937: 908: 880: 860: 835: 819: 818: 816: 813: 812: 811: 804: 801: 796: 793: 789:AdventureSmart 769: 768:Special events 766: 760:, the Toronto 750:Ride for Heart 730: 727: 707:Rawdon, Quebec 694: 691: 689: 686: 664: 661: 651: 648: 632:oxygen therapy 607: 604: 602: 599: 598: 597: 594: 591: 588: 585: 580: 577: 574: 565: 564: 561: 558: 555: 552: 545: 544: 539: 536: 531: 526: 523: 520: 515: 512: 507: 504: 493: 492: 489: 486: 483: 480: 471: 470: 467: 466:Red River Zone 464: 461: 452: 451: 446: 441: 438: 433: 428: 426:Frontenac Zone 423: 418: 416:Algonquin Zone 407: 406: 405:Sept-ĂŽles Zone 403: 400: 397: 394: 391: 388: 383: 380: 377: 374: 371: 368: 359: 358: 355: 346: 345: 342: 317: 314: 306:Trauma Experts 242:Georges Vanier 183: 180: 154: 153: 148: 144: 143: 133: 129: 128: 125: 121: 120: 117: 113: 112: 99: 95: 94: 73: 72: 28: 26: 19: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1543: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1518: 1516: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1477: 1474: 1469: 1462: 1457: 1455: 1450: 1448: 1443: 1442: 1439: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1424: 1412: 1408: 1402: 1395: 1391: 1386: 1384: 1382: 1375: 1370: 1363: 1360: 1355: 1340: 1336: 1330: 1324: 1319: 1312: 1309: 1304: 1298: 1293: 1291: 1284: 1279: 1263: 1259: 1253: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1223: 1208: 1204: 1198: 1182: 1178: 1172: 1165: 1161: 1156: 1154: 1152: 1150: 1134: 1130: 1124: 1109: 1105: 1099: 1084: 1080: 1074: 1059: 1055: 1049: 1047: 1045: 1043: 1026: 1022: 1016: 1001: 997: 991: 985: 980: 965: 961: 955: 949: 944: 942: 934: 930: 925: 923: 921: 919: 917: 915: 913: 897: 893: 887: 885: 877: 874: 869: 867: 865: 857: 853: 848: 846: 844: 842: 840: 832: 829: 824: 820: 810: 807: 806: 800: 792: 790: 785: 782: 779: 774: 765: 763: 759: 755: 752:, Scotiabank 751: 747: 743: 739: 734: 726: 724: 720: 716: 708: 704: 699: 685: 683: 679: 675: 671: 660: 658: 647: 644: 640: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 612: 595: 593:Monashee Zone 592: 589: 586: 584: 581: 578: 576:Boundary Zone 575: 572: 571: 570: 569: 563:Smithers Zone 562: 559: 556: 553: 550: 549: 548: 543: 540: 537: 535: 532: 530: 529:Red Deer Zone 527: 524: 521: 519: 516: 513: 511: 510:Edmonton Zone 508: 505: 503: 500: 499: 498: 497: 490: 487: 485:Parkland Zone 484: 481: 478: 477: 476: 475: 468: 465: 462: 459: 458: 457: 456: 450: 447: 445: 444:Superior Zone 442: 439: 437: 434: 432: 431:Kawartha Zone 429: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 414: 413: 412: 411: 404: 401: 398: 396:Mauricie Zone 395: 392: 389: 387: 386:Gatineau Zone 384: 381: 378: 375: 372: 369: 366: 365: 364: 363: 356: 353: 352: 351: 350: 343: 340: 339: 338: 337: 333: 331: 327: 322: 313: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 290: 288: 284: 280: 275: 270: 267: 265: 260: 258: 254: 250: 245: 243: 240: 235: 232: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 200: 197: 188: 179: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 152: 149: 145: 141: 137: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 100: 96: 92: 87: 84: 77: 69: 66: 58: 48: 43: 39: 35: 34: 27: 18: 17: 1499: 1401: 1369: 1362:The Guardian 1354: 1342:. Retrieved 1338: 1329: 1318: 1303: 1278: 1266:. Retrieved 1261: 1252: 1240:. Retrieved 1236:the original 1231: 1222: 1210:. Retrieved 1206: 1197: 1185:. Retrieved 1180: 1171: 1136:. Retrieved 1132: 1123: 1111:. Retrieved 1107: 1098: 1086:. Retrieved 1082: 1079:"Contact Us" 1073: 1061:. Retrieved 1057: 1029:. Retrieved 1024: 1015: 1003:. Retrieved 999: 990: 979: 967:. Retrieved 963: 954: 899:. Retrieved 895: 876:The Guardian 823: 798: 786: 775: 771: 738:1988 Calgary 735: 732: 729:Four seasons 711: 703:Ski Montcalm 666: 653: 645: 641: 617: 590:Ogopogo Zone 587:Kokanee Zone 566: 546: 525:Pembina Zone 502:Calgary Zone 494: 479:Batoche Zone 472: 469:Westman Zone 453: 449:Western Zone 436:Muskoka Zone 421:Central Zone 408: 367:Abitibi Zone 360: 347: 334: 329: 325: 323: 319: 309: 305: 301: 297: 291: 271: 268: 261: 257:Saskatchewan 246: 236: 233: 211:, Ontario), 201: 193: 163: 159: 157: 132:Headquarters 116:Legal status 82: 76: 61: 52: 45:Please help 41: 30: 1394:Global News 1063:21 February 933:Global News 856:Global News 831:Global News 778:snow angels 723:helicopters 657:snowshoeing 538:Watson Zone 491:Wapiti Zone 482:Battle Zone 463:Norman Zone 399:Quebec Zone 231:) regions. 209:Thunder Bay 49:if you can. 1515:Categories 1138:21 January 815:References 719:explosives 542:Yukon Zone 522:Peace Zone 390:GaspĂ© Zone 354:Fundy Zone 55:April 2015 1495:Red Cross 1468:First aid 715:avalanche 620:first aid 573:Apex Zone 326:Divisions 324:The nine 287:physician 279:paramedic 237:In 1966, 168:first aid 162:(French: 98:Formation 1311:CBS News 1164:CBC News 803:See also 795:Research 756:and the 748:, Becel 249:Atlantic 229:Montreal 221:Edmonton 213:Winnipeg 142:, Canada 31:require 1411:4806585 693:On snow 630:(AED), 626:(CPR), 225:Ontario 217:Calgary 196:Toronto 182:History 147:Website 140:Ontario 124:Purpose 106: ( 33:cleanup 1409:  676:, and 674:police 634:, and 308:, and 294:Quebec 264:Ottawa 205:Quebec 172:Canada 136:Ottawa 1344:6 May 1268:6 May 1242:6 May 1212:6 May 1187:6 May 1113:6 May 1088:6 May 1031:6 May 1005:6 May 969:6 May 901:6 May 636:WHMIS 330:Zones 285:, or 283:nurse 1407:PMID 1346:2015 1270:2015 1244:2015 1214:2015 1189:2015 1140:2019 1115:2015 1090:2015 1065:2018 1033:2015 1007:2015 971:2015 903:2015 787:The 740:and 721:and 227:and 219:and 158:The 108:1941 101:1941 705:in 1517:: 1392:. 1380:^ 1337:. 1289:^ 1260:. 1230:. 1205:. 1179:. 1162:. 1148:^ 1131:. 1106:. 1081:. 1056:. 1041:^ 1023:. 998:. 962:. 940:^ 931:. 911:^ 894:. 883:^ 863:^ 854:. 838:^ 744:, 672:, 659:. 312:. 304:, 300:, 289:. 281:, 215:, 138:, 1460:e 1453:t 1446:v 1413:. 1348:. 1272:. 1246:. 1216:. 1191:. 1142:. 1117:. 1092:. 1067:. 1035:. 1009:. 973:. 905:. 110:) 68:) 62:( 57:) 53:(

Index

cleanup
quality standards
improve this article
Learn how and when to remove this message

Ottawa
Ontario
www.skipatrol.ca
first aid
Canada
certified first responder

Toronto
Quebec
Thunder Bay
Winnipeg
Calgary
Edmonton
Ontario
Montreal
Governor General of Canada
Georges Vanier
Atlantic
British Columbia
Saskatchewan
Ottawa
SilverStar Mountain Resort
paramedic
nurse
physician

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑