Brazilian Portuguese

812: 5360: 859: 9009: 9105:"There are two languages in Brazil. The one we write (and which is called "Portuguese"), and another one that we speak (which is so despised that there is not a name to call it). The latter is the mother tongue of Brazilians, the former has to be learned in school, and a majority of population does not manage to master it appropriately.... Personally, I do not object to us writing Portuguese, but I think it is important to make clear that Portuguese is (at least in Brazil) only a written language. Our mother tongue is not Portuguese, but Brazilian Vernacular. This is not a slogan, nor a political statement, it is simply recognition of a fact.... There are linguistic teams working hard in order to give the full description of the structure of the Vernacular. So, there are hopes, that within some years, we will have appropriate grammars of our mother tongue, the language that has been ignored, denied and despised for such a long time." 9113:"The relationship between Vernacular Brazilian Portuguese and the formal prescriptive variety fulfills the basic conditions of Ferguson's definition ... Considering the difficulty encountered by vernacular speakers to acquire the standard, an understanding of those relationships appears to have broad educational significance. The teaching of Portuguese has traditionally meant imparting a prescriptive formal standard based on a literary register (Cunha 1985: 24) that is often at variance with the language with which students are familiar. As in a diglossic situation, vernacular speakers must learn to read and write in a dialect they neither speak nor fully understand, a circumstance that may have a bearing on the high dropout rate in elementary schools..." 773:(CPLP), which included representatives from all countries with Portuguese as the official language, reached an agreement on the reform of the Portuguese orthography to unify the two standards then in use by Brazil on one side and the remaining Portuguese-speaking countries on the other. This spelling reform went into effect in Brazil on 1 January 2009. In Portugal, the reform was signed into law by the President on 21 July 2008 allowing for a six-year adaptation period, during which both orthographies co-existed. All of the CPLP countries have signed the reform. In Brazil, this reform has been in force since January 2016. Portugal and other Portuguese-speaking countries have since begun using the new orthography. 4866: 4854: 832: 6956: 5348: 5332: 789: 4180:

national standard variety, and never to the European one. This linguistic independence was fostered by the tension between Portugal and the settlers (immigrants) in Brazil from the time of the country's de facto settlement, as immigrants were forbidden to speak freely in their native languages in Brazil for fear of severe punishment by the Portuguese authorities. Lately, Brazilians in general have had some exposure to European speech, through TV and music. Often one will see Brazilian actors working in Portugal and Portuguese actors working in Brazil.

9921::122): "A proposta é que a sequencia consoante velar + glide posterior seja indicada no léxico como uma unidade monofonemática /kʷ/ e /ɡʷ/. O glide que, nete caso, situa-se no ataque não-ramificado, forma com a vogal seguinte um ditongo crescente em nível pós lexical. Ditongos crescentes somente se formam neste nível. Em resumo, a consoante velar e o glide posterior, quando seguidos de a/o, formam uma só unidade fonológica, ou seja, um segmento consonantal com articulação secundária vocálica, em outros termos, um segmento complexo." 4873:, the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate jointly hold the "2017 Meeting of Management, Finance and Human Resources Staff" of the Association of Secretaries-General of Portuguese-speaking Parliaments with the aim of sharing experiences and work models related to organizational and administrative management in parliaments, human resources management, planning and financial management in the legislature, among other matters relevant to the topic. The event has the presence of representatives from all Portuguese-speaking countries. 452: 844: 9429: 9001: 8270: 5119:(as in EP), in which case the enclisis could be totally acceptable if there were no factor of proclisis. Therefore, this phenomenon may or not be considered improper according to the prescribed grammar, since, according to the case, there could be a factor of proclisis that would not permit the placement of the pronoun between the verbs (e.g. when there is a negative particle near the pronoun, in which case the standard grammar prescribes proclisis: 9362: 734: 296: 332: 308: 418: 320: 762:. In these latter countries, the language tends to have a closer connection to contemporary European Portuguese, partly because Portuguese colonial rule ended much more recently there than in Brazil, and partly due to the heavy indigenous and diasporic African influence on Brazilian Portuguese. Despite this difference between the spoken varieties, Brazilian and European Portuguese barely differ in formal writing and remain 9348: 654: 4908:("With this girl I don't know what to do"). The use of redundant pronouns for means of topicalization is considered grammatically incorrect, because the topicalized noun phrase, according to traditional European analysis, has no syntactic function. This kind of construction, however, is often used in European Portuguese. Brazilian grammars traditionally treat this structure similarly, rarely mentioning such a thing as 261: 284: 8647: 8472: 4176:, which awakened in many Brazilians a desire for a national style uninfluenced by the standards of Portugal. Later, agreements were reached to preserve at least an orthographic unity throughout the Portuguese-speaking world, including the African and Asian variants of the language (which are typically more similar to EP, due to a Portuguese presence lasting into the second half of the 20th century). 4519:

Mozambique and Cabo Verde, which frequently incorporate certain features common to both the South American and European varieties. Although these characteristics would be readily understood in Portugal due to exposure to Brazilian media (and because they are observable in Portugal to some extent as well), other forms are preferred there (except the points concerning "estar" and "dar").

9118:

that grammarians would be detractors of the termed Brazilian Vernacular, by naming it a "corrupt" form of the "pure" standard, an attitude which they classify as "linguistic prejudice". Their arguments include the postulate that the Vernacular form simplifies some of the intricacies of standard Portuguese (verbal conjugation, pronoun handling, plural forms, etc.).

4895:-prominent or topic- and subject-prominent language. Sentences with topic are extensively used in Portuguese, perhaps more in Brazilian Portuguese most often by means of turning an element (object or verb) in the sentence into an introductory phrase, on which the body of the sentence constitutes a comment (topicalization), thus emphasizing it, as in 4151:" of a "radical Romanic" form. They assert that the phenomena found in Brazilian Portuguese are inherited from Classical Latin and Old Portuguese. According to another linguist, vernacular Brazilian Portuguese is continuous with European Portuguese, while its phonetics are more conservative in several aspects, characterizing the nativization of a 9085:), but, presently, the L-variant is claimed to be used only in dialogue. Still, many contemporary writers like using the H-variant even in informal dialogue. This is also true of translated books, which never use the L-variant, only the H one. Children's books seem to be more L-friendly, but, again, if they are translated from another language ( 9049:, a Brazilian linguist, even compares the depth of the differences between L- and H- variants of Brazilian Portuguese with those between Standard Spanish and European Portuguese. However, his proposal is not widely accepted by either grammarians or academics. Milton M. Azevedo wrote a chapter on diglossia in his monograph: 737: 736: 741: 740: 735: 4602:(Brazilian uses the pronoun "você" a lot but "tu" is more localized. Some states never use it, but in some places such as Rio Grande do Sul, Ceará and Paraíba "você" is almost never used in informal speech, with "tu" being used instead, using both second and third-person forms depending on the speaker) 9065:

The L-variant may be used in songs, movies, soap operas, sitcoms and other television shows, although, at times, the H-variant is used in historic films or soap operas to make the language used sound more 'elegant' or 'archaic'. The H-variant used to be preferred when dubbing foreign films and series

9162:

No language is difficult for those who speak it. Difficulty appears when two conditions are met: the standard language diverges from the vernacular and a speaker of the vernacular tries to learn the standard version. This divergence is the precise reason why spelling and grammar reforms happen every

8285:

throughout the national territory, even so it is perfectly possible for a Brazilian to understand a different dialect from the other end of the country, because writing is the same, and often the pronunciation is the same, just changing the sound of some letter or group of letters, like what happens

6034:

of Brazilian Portuguese is very different from that of French, for example. In French, the nasalization extends uniformly through the entire vowel, whereas in the Southern-Southeastern dialects of Brazilian Portuguese, the nasalization begins almost imperceptibly and then becomes stronger toward the

4179:

On the other hand, the spoken language was not subject to any of the constraints that applied to the written language, and consequently Brazilian Portuguese sounds different from any of the other varieties of the language. Brazilians, when concerned with pronunciation, look to what is considered the

9158:

Brazilians speak Standard Portuguese poorly because they speak a language that is sufficiently different from Standard Portuguese so that the latter sounds almost "foreign" to them. In terms of comparison, it is easier for many Brazilians to understand someone from a Spanish-speaking South American

7418:

Perhaps as a means of avoiding or clarifying some ambiguities created by the fact that "este" ( > ) and "esse" have merged into the same word, informal BP often uses the demonstrative pronoun with some adverb that indicates its placement in relation to the addressee: if there are two skirts in a

4843:

Use of a contraction of the imperative form of the verb "to look" ("olhar" = olha = ó) suffixed to adverbs of the place "aqui" and "ali" ("here" and "there") when directing someone's attention to something: "Olha, o carro dele 'ta ali-ó" (Look, his car's there/that's where his car is). When this is

4183:

Modern Brazilian Portuguese has been highly influenced by other languages introduced by immigrants through the past century, specifically by German, Italian and Japanese immigrants. This high intake of immigrants not only caused the incorporation and/or adaptation of many words and expressions from

9906:

A conclusão será que nos encontramos em presença de dois segmentos fonológicos /kʷ/ e /ɡʷ/, respetivamente, com uma articulação vocálica. Bisol (2005:122), tal como Freitas (1997), afirma que não estamos em presença de um ataque ramificado. Neste caso, a glide, juntamente com a vogal que a sucede,

9117:

According to Bagno (1999), the two variants coexist and intermingle quite seamlessly, but their status is not clear-cut. Brazilian Vernacular is still frowned upon by most grammarians and language teachers. Some of this minority, of which Bagno is an example, appeal to their readers by their ideas

9061:

From this point of view, the L-variant is the spoken form of Brazilian Portuguese, which should be avoided only in very formal speech (court interrogation, political debate) while the H-variant is the written form of Brazilian Portuguese, avoided only in informal writing (such as song lyrics, love

742: 8176:

However, in Portugal, an object pronoun would never be placed at the start of a sentence, as in the second example. The example in the bottom row of the table, with its deletion of "redundant" inflections, is considered ungrammatical, but it is nonetheless dominant in Brazil throughout all social

4899:

literally, "These subjects I don't know well" (although this sentence would be perfectly acceptable in Portugal as well). In fact, in the Portuguese language, the anticipation of the verb or object at the beginning of the sentence, repeating it or using the respective pronoun referring to it, is

4509:

Accordingly, the formal register of Brazilian Portuguese has a written and spoken form. The written formal register (FW) is used in almost all printed media and written communication, is uniform throughout the country and is the "Portuguese" officially taught at school. The spoken formal register

4123:

Other scholars, however, notably Naro & Scherre, have noted that the same or similar processes can be observed in the European variant, as well as in many varieties of Spanish, and that the main features of Brazilian Portuguese can be traced directly from 16th-century European Portuguese. In

4518:

The main and most general (i.e. not considering various regional variations) characteristics of the informal variant of BP are the following. While these characteristics are typical of Brazilian speech, some may also be present to varying degrees in other Lusophone areas, particular in Angola,

5056:

In general, the dialects that gave rise to Portuguese had quite a flexible use of the object pronouns in the proclitic or enclitic positions. In Classical Portuguese, the use of proclisis was very extensive, while, on the contrary, in modern European Portuguese the use of enclisis has become

1000:

Nowadays the overwhelming majority of Brazilians speak Portuguese as their mother tongue, with the exception of small, insular communities of descendants of European (German, Polish, Ukrainian, and Italian) and Japanese immigrants, mostly in the South and Southeast as well as villages and

4510:(FS) is essentially a phonetic rendering of the written form. (FS) is used in very formal situations, such as speeches or ceremonies or when reading directly out of a text. While (FS) is necessarily uniform in lexicon and grammar, it shows noticeable regional variations in pronunciation. 9166:

People with less education can speak the vernacular or often several varieties of the vernacular, and they speak it well. They might, however, have trouble in speaking Standard Portuguese, but this is due to lack of experience rather than to any inherent deficiency in their linguistic

6014:

of vowels before ⟨m⟩ and ⟨n⟩. In all dialects and all syllables, orthographic ⟨m⟩ or ⟨n⟩ followed by another consonant represents nasalization of the preceding vowel. But when the ⟨m⟩ or ⟨n⟩ is syllable-initial (i.e. followed by a vowel), it represents nasalization only of a preceding

9154:

The uniformity of Brazilian Portuguese is just about what linguistics would predict for such a large country whose population has not, generally, been literate for centuries and which has experienced considerable foreign influence, that is, this uniformity is more apparent than

1058:

words related to foods, religious concepts, and musical expressions; and English terms from the fields of modern technology and commerce. Although some of these words are more predominant in Brazil, they are also used in Portugal and other countries where Portuguese is spoken.

6732:

are often realized similarly to and . Sometimes, the phenomenon occurs even more intensely in unstressed posttonic vowels (except the final ones) and causes the reduction of the word and the creation of new consonant clusters ("prática" ; "máquina" ; "abóbora" ; "cócega" ).

4458:

followed by a vowel, but in BP they are always closed in this environment. The variant spellings are necessary in those cases because the general Portuguese spelling rules mandate a stress diacritic in those words, and the Portuguese diacritics also encode vowel quality.

739: 5937:

Vowels in Brazilian Portuguese generally are pronounced more openly than in European Portuguese, even when reduced. In syllables that follow the stressed syllable, ⟨o⟩ is generally pronounced as , ⟨a⟩ as , and ⟨e⟩ as . Some varieties of BP follow this pattern for vowels

9185:

Whether Bagno's points are valid or not is open to debate, especially the solutions he recommends for the problems he claims to have identified. Whereas some agree that he has captured the feelings of the Brazilians towards Brazil's linguistic situation well, his book

4823:

though often regarded as "uneducated" by language purists, some regions and social groups tend to avoid "redundant" plural agreement in article-noun-verb sequences in the spoken language, since the plural article alone is sufficient to express plurality. Examples:

1046:

spoken by the slaves, and finally those of later European and Asian immigrants. Although the vocabulary is still predominantly Portuguese, the influence of other languages is evident in the Brazilian lexicon, which today includes, for example, hundreds of words of

7366:

forms of the verb. However, as for the second person forms, Brazilian Portuguese traditionally does not use the subjunctive-derived ones in spoken language. Instead, they employ the imperative forms: "Não anda," rather than the grammatically correct "Não andes."

9062:

letters, intimate friends correspondence). Even teachers which teach Portuguese as a subject frequently use the L-variant while explaining students the structure and usage of the H-variant; in essays, nevertheless, all students are expected to use H-variant.

8049:

Formal written Brazilian Portuguese tends, however, to omit the definite article in accordance with prescriptive grammar rules derived from Classical Portuguese even if the alternative form is also considered correct, but many teachers consider it inelegant.

7914:

In spoken informal registers of BP, the third-person object pronouns 'o', 'a', 'os', and 'as' are virtually nonexistent and are simply left out or, when necessary and usually only when referring to people, replaced by stressed subject pronouns like

7503:(I told you that you should go). In addition, in all the country, the imperative forms may also be the same as the formal second-person forms, but it is argued by some that it is the third-person singular indicative which doubles as the imperative: 8405:— is a dialect spoken more sharply in the states of Ceará and Piauí. The variant of Ceará includes fairly distinctive traits it shares with the one spoken in Piauí, though, such as distinctive regional phonology and vocabulary (for example, a 4351:

in Brazil, and so on, where the consonant was silent both in BP and EP, but the words were spelled differently. Only in a small number of words is the consonant silent in Brazil and pronounced elsewhere or vice versa, as in the case of BP

9180:

Rich and influential people themselves often do not follow the grammatical rules of Standard Portuguese. Standard Portuguese is mostly a jewel or shibboleth for powerless middle-class careers (journalists, teachers, writers, actors,

4360:. However, the new Portuguese language orthographic reform led to the elimination of the writing of the silent consonants also in the EP, making now the writing system virtually identical in all of the Portuguese-speaking countries. 9097:

This theory also posits that the matter of diglossia in Brazil is further complicated by forces of political and cultural bias, though those are not clearly named. Language is sometimes a tool of social exclusion or social choice.

8592:, which lasted for two years (1707 to 1709). Central Minas Gerais, then, developed an autochtonous and endemic accent, spoken nowadays by half of its population. Southern and western areas of the state have a distinctive accent, 7700:, the use of "tu" in print and conversation is no longer very common and is replaced by "você". However, São Paulo is now home to many immigrants of Northeastern origin, who may employ "tu" quite often in their everyday speech. 5088:, though it will seldom be spoken in BP (but would be clearly understood). The first-person singular proclitic pronoun frequently occurs at the beginning of a phrase in informal BP when it precedes an imperative, for example, 4287:

The Brazilian spellings of certain words differ from those used in Portugal and the other Portuguese-speaking countries. Some of these differences are merely orthographic, but others reflect true differences in pronunciation.

8385:, and that is why the dialect shows many general differences from other variants of the language. It has striking remarkable differences in comparison to other Brazilian dialects in phonology, prosody and grammar, often 1037:

The development of Portuguese in Brazil (and consequently in the rest of the areas where Portuguese is spoken) has been influenced by other languages with which it has come into contact, mainly in the lexicon: first the

1150:

extensively in the first centuries of colonization. Many of the Amerindian words entered the Portuguese lexicon as early as in the 16th century, and some of them were eventually borrowed into other European languages.

811: 1096:). The native languages also contributed the names of most of the plants and animals found in Brazil (and most of these are the official names of the animals in other Portuguese-speaking countries as well), including 726:, today consisting of about two million Brazilians who have emigrated to other countries. With a population of over 203 million, Brazil is by far the world's largest Portuguese-speaking nation and the only one in the 4200:. The differences extend to spelling, lexicon, and grammar. However, with the entry into force of the Orthographic Agreement of 1990 in Portugal and in Brazil since 2009, these differences were drastically reduced. 7253:

of the subject (who is ordered to do the action) by using either the imperative form of the verb or the present subjunctive. Thus, one should use different inflections according to the pronoun used as the subject:

7968:

is a third-person pronoun and uses 'dele', 'dela', 'deles', and 'delas' ("of him/her/them" and placed after the noun) as third-person possessive forms. If no ambiguity could arise (especially in narrative texts),

6991:. This cover book shows: "Term of Inauguration of the Presidents of the Republic of the United States of Brazil." When "United States" of Brazil was still used with the letter Z, and not Brasil with the letter S. 9024:. This theory claims that there is an L-variant (termed "Brazilian Vernacular"), which would be the mother tongue of all Brazilians, and an H-variant (standard Brazilian Portuguese) acquired through schooling. 9170:

The people of Maranhão are not generally better than fellow Brazilians from other states in speaking Standard Portuguese, especially because that state is one of the poorest and has one of the lowest literacy

7288:

Currently, several dialects of BP have largely lost the second-person pronouns, but even they use the second-person imperative in addition to the third-person present subjunctive form that should be used with

4171:

and until the 19th century, Portuguese writers often were regarded as models by some Brazilian authors and university professors. However, this aspiration to unity was severely weakened in the 20th century by

6971:, continuing the timeline that has been traced since February 26, 1891. Access to the two volumes is restricted in order to protect the heritage. The documents are kept in the Senate Archives, in a room with 1401:

Portuguese has borrowed a large number of words from English. In Brazil, these are especially related to the following fields (note that some of these words are used in other Portuguese-speaking countries):

8536:. There are many distinct accents in Rio Grande do Sul, mainly due to the heavy influx of European immigrants of diverse origins who have settled in colonies throughout the state, and to the proximity to 7370:

As for other grammatical persons, there is no such phenomenon because both the positive imperative and the negative imperative forms are from their respective present tense forms in the subjunctive mood:

5223:

There are many differences between formal written BP and EP that are simply a matter of different preferences between two alternative words or constructions that are both officially valid and acceptable.

4963:) places a plural-conjugated verb immediately following an argument in the singular, which may sound unnatural to Brazilian ears. The redundant pronoun thus clarifies the verbal inflection in such cases. 738: 12136: 9066:

into Brazilian Portuguese, but nowadays the L-variant is preferred, although this seems to lack evidence. Movie subtitles normally use a mixture of L- and H-variants, but remain closer to the H-variant.

4494:

The linguistic situation of the BP informal speech in relation to the standard language is controversial. There are authors (Bortoni, Kato, Mattos e Silva, Bagno, Perini) who describe it as a case of

903:

between the 16th and 19th centuries. By the end of the 18th century, Portuguese had affirmed itself as the national language. Some of the main contributions to that swift change were the expansion of

4948:("This girl, she usually takes care of abandoned dogs"). This structure highlights the topic, and could be more accurately translated as "As for this girl, she usually takes care of abandoned dogs." 10207:

To know a language is really about separating correct from awry? Language is a living organism that varies by context and goes far beyond a collection of rules and norms of how to speak and write

11257: 9462: 918:'s government made efforts to expand the use of Portuguese throughout the colony, particularly because its consolidation in Brazil would help guarantee to Portugal the lands in dispute with 4116:, is thought to be an Italianism, attributed to the large Italian immigrant population, as are certain prosodic features, including patterns of intonation and stress, also in the South and 10508: 766:. However, due to the two reasons mentioned above, the gap between the written, formal language and the spoken language is much wider in Brazilian Portuguese than in European Portuguese. 10675: 8058:

Some of the examples on the right side of the table below are colloquial or regional in Brazil. Literal translations are provided to illustrate how word order changes between varieties.

12143: 5984:(to shake one's body) may be pronounced and . Open-mid vowels can occur only in the stressed syllable. An exception is in the formation of diminutives or augmentatives. For example, 12122: 10235: 5199:

of pronouns (between the verb stem and its inflection suffix) is viewed as archaic in BP, and therefore is restricted to very formal situations or stylistic texts. Hence the phrase

10202:

Saber uma língua é separar o certo do errado? A língua é um organismo vivo que varia conforme o contexto e vai muito além de uma coleção de regras e normas de como falar e escrever

9198:

The cultural influence of Brazilian Portuguese in the rest of the Portuguese-speaking world has greatly increased in the last decades of the 20th century, due to the popularity of

6866:(depending on the voicing of the following sound), while most dialects of BP maintain them as dentals. Whether such a change happens in BP is highly variable according to dialect. 1005:. And even these populations make use of Portuguese to communicate with outsiders and to understand television and radio broadcasts, for example. Moreover, there is a community of 12129: 8715:

area fleeing the droughts and their associated poverty settled here, so it has some similarities with the Portuguese dialect there spoken. The speech in and around the cities of

957:

during the 17th century, had negligible effects on Portuguese. The substantial waves of non-Portuguese-speaking immigrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries (mostly from

6921:

to fricatives , , and , while in BP these phonemes are maintained as stops in all positions. A vowel change in European Portuguese that does not occur in BP is the lowering of

9413: 9159:

country than someone from Portugal because the spoken varieties of Portuguese on either side of the Atlantic have diverged to the point of nearly being mutually unintelligible.

12155: 9020:

According to some contemporary Brazilian linguists (Bortoni, Kato, Mattos e Silva, Perini, and most recently, with great impact, Bagno), Brazilian Portuguese may be a highly

11952: 6784:

no longer appear in syllable-final position (having been replaced by nasalization of the preceding vowel), these varieties of BP have come to strongly favor open syllables.

5072:("he saw me"). In many such cases, the proclisis would be considered awkward or even grammatically incorrect in EP, in which the pronoun is generally placed after the verb ( 4981:, which, in contrast, has become quite common in European over the last few centuries. BP maintains the Classical Portuguese form of continuous expression, which is made by 5359: 3505:. A significant number of beer brands in Brazil are named after German culture-bound concepts and place names because the brewing process was brought by German immigrants. 858: 7996:, for instance). The variants of use in each dialect of Portuguese are mostly a matter of preference: it does not usually mean a dialect completely abandoned either form. 13310: 5366:

committee room during a meeting of the Education, Culture and Sport Committee in 2014. The committee holds a public hearing to discuss the Orthographic Agreement for the

879:. The first wave of Portuguese-speaking immigrants settled in Brazil in the 16th century, but the language was not widely used then. For a time Portuguese coexisted with 9027:

L-variant represents a simplified form of the language (in terms of grammar, but not of phonetics) that could have evolved from 16th-century Portuguese, influenced by

8500:-speaking areas due to the gradual influence of European migrants, causing many people to distance their speech from their original dialect and incorporate new terms. 8907:, which most closely resembles other Brazilian Portuguese standards but with marked recent Portuguese influences, the nearest ones among the country's dialects along 7021:

pronouns and, in Brazil, the use of subject pronouns as objects in the third person. Nonstandard verb inflections are also common in colloquial Brazilian Portuguese.

5934:

is one of the main phonetic characteristics of Portuguese generally, but in Brazilian Portuguese the intensity and frequency of that phenomenon varies significantly.

12163: 10872: 923: 6850:

in most BP dialects. It is always in Portuguese, but in some regions of Brazil, it represents a nasalized semivowel , which nasalizes the preceding vowel as well:

922:(according to various treaties signed in the 18th century, those lands would be ceded to the people who effectively occupied them). Under the administration of the 10649: 5351:

Members of the First Strategic Management Meeting of the Association of Secretaries-General of Portuguese-Speaking Parliaments participate in a dinner in 2016, in

8977:). It is the most recent dialect, which appeared by the settlement of families from various other Brazilian regions attracted by the cheap land offer in recently 13453: 10377: 10154: 6909:

Several sound changes that historically affected European Portuguese were not shared by BP. Consonant changes in European Portuguese include the weakening of

5964:

The main difference among the dialects of Brazilian Portuguese is the frequent presence or absence of open vowels in unstressed syllables. In dialects of the

13322: 13409: 9177:

The knowledge of grammar is intuitive for those who speak their native languages. Problems arise when they begin to study the grammar of a foreign language.

9008: 10533: 8915:

speakers will use the standard variant not influenced by it that is rather uniform around Brazil depending on context (emphasis or formality, for example).

5370:, signed in 1990 and implemented in January 2016. The new rules must apply for the eight countries that have Portuguese as an official language, including 4844:

spoken reproduced in subtitles for audiovisual media, it is usually written in the non-contracted form ("aqui olha"), modern pronunciation notwithstanding.

207: 202: 9554:

Bernard Comrie, Encarta Encyclopedia (1998); George Weber "Top Languages: The World's 10 Most Influential Languages" in Language Today (Vol. 2, Dec 1997)

13334: 13274: 11490: 981:) were linguistically integrated into the Portuguese-speaking majority within a few generations, except for some areas of the three southernmost states ( 6877:

In the Northeast, it is more likely to happen before a consonant than word-finally, and it varies from region to region. Some dialects (such as that of

722:

and the most influential form of Portuguese worldwide. It is spoken by almost all of the 203 million inhabitants of Brazil and spoken widely across the

13426: 9385: 9039:, while H-variant would be based on 19th-century European Portuguese (and very similar to Standard European Portuguese, with only minor differences in 5207:

in BP. Incidentally, a marked fondness for enclitic and mesoclitic pronouns was one of the many memorable eccentricities of former Brazilian President

11364: 11115: 13298: 13286: 10601: 10254: 907:

to the Brazilian interior, and the growing numbers of Portuguese settlers, who brought their language and became the most important ethnic group in

2412:

French has contributed to Portuguese words for foods, furniture, and luxurious fabrics, as well as for various abstract concepts. Examples include

8425:, a very coherent coda sibilant palatalization as those of Portugal and Rio de Janeiro but allowed in fewer environments than in other accents of 10679: 8620:, is the accent from Brazilian Portuguese that is the nearest to the artificial accent called Standard Brazilian Portuguese, in Portuguese named 1157:

provided hundreds of words as well, especially in certain semantic domains, as in the following examples, which are also present in Portuguese:

11221: 9907:

forma um ditongo no nível pós-lexical. Esta conclusão implica um aumento do número de segmentos no inventário segmental fonológico do português.

7603:(and associated object and possessive pronouns) are used interchangeably with little or no difference (sometimes even in the same sentence). In 7580:, the distinction between semi-formal 'você' and familiar 'tu' is still maintained, and object and possessive pronouns pattern likewise. In the 15433: 11396: 11143: 6983:

subject to strict parameters. Organized in two volumes by the Archive Coordination, these documents testify to the historical evolution of the

11207: 10558: 13153: 12280: 11152: 10044: 9190:) has been heavily criticized by some linguists and grammarians, due to his unorthodox claims, sometimes asserted to be biased or unproven. 4207:

awarded annually by Portuguese and Brazilians is often regarded as the equivalent of the Nobel Prize in Literature for works in Portuguese.

11247:

Módolo, Marcelo (2001), "As duas línguas do Brasil: Qual é mesmo a língua que falamos?", in Pallamin, Vera; Furtado, Joaci Pereira (eds.),

4590:

lack of second-person verb forms (except for some parts of Brazil) and, in various regions, plural third-person forms as well. For example

584: 10239: 6586:

A change that is in the process of spreading in BP and perhaps started in the Northeast is the insertion of after stressed vowels before

13544: 11937: 10326:

Phonetic-Phonological Aspects of the Speech of Ceará: What Has Emerged in Experimental Surveys of the Linguistic Atlas of Brazil-ALiB-Ce.

6787:

A related aspect of BP is the suppression of the phrase-final rhotic, even in formal speech, except before a word-initial vowel. Compare

4323:

in syllable-final position have become silent in all varieties of Portuguese, a common phonetic change in Romance languages (cf. Spanish

1024: 684: 10119: 5127:). Nevertheless, nowadays it is becoming perfectly acceptable to use a clitic between two verbs without linking it with a hyphen (as in 10321:

Aspectos Fonético-Fonológicos do Falar do Ceará: O Que Tem Surgido nos Inquéritos Experimentais do Atlas Lingüístico do Brasil-ALiB-Ce.

9405: 8896: 8771:. Also, the "Paulistano" accent was heavily influenced by the presence of immigrants in the city of São Paulo, especially the Italians. 8007:, the definite article is normally used as in Portugal, but many speakers do not use it at the beginning of the sentence or in titles: 3494: 1028: 816: 770: 10351: 10285: 9538: 9069:

Most literary works are written in the H-variant. There would have been attempts at writing in the L-variant (such as the masterpiece

6819:

in the syllable onset. For the same reason, open vowels (which are not normally under nasalization in Portuguese) cannot occur before

6720:

However, in some regions of Brazil (such as some Northeastern dialects), there has been an opposite tendency to reduce the unstressed

6430: 10727: 9555: 4197: 9882: 6609:

Also, the change is spreading to other final vowels, and at least in the Northeast and the Southeast, the normal pronunciation of

11446: 10701: 9432: 8667:) of Pernambuco and southern Ceará, it could sound less comprehensible to speakers of other Portuguese dialects than Galician or 8162:

Word order in the first Brazilian Portuguese example is frequent in European Portuguese. Similar to the subordinate clauses like

5290:("have", sense of existence, or "there to be"), especially as an auxiliary (as it can be seen above) and as a verb of existence. 926:(1750–1777), Brazilians started to favour the use of Portuguese, as the Marquis expelled the Jesuit missionaries (who had taught 876: 11641: 11596: 11033:"Portuguese Pronouns and Other Forms of Address, from the Past into the Future— Structural, Semantic and Pragmatic Reflections" 6776:

The brand name "McDonald's," for example, is rendered , and the word "rock" (the music) is rendered as . Given that historical

6459: 640: 11268: 10200: 8925:

and its metropolitan area. It is not considered a dialect, but more of a regional variant – often deemed to be closer to

5942:

the stressed syllable as well, whereas most varieties have the following five vowels before a stressed syllable: , , , and .

4291:

Until the implementation of the 1990 orthographic reform, a major subset of the differences related to the consonant clusters

15471: 13995: 13481: 11962: 10998: 9586: 759: 13927: 11059: 10121:

Características fonético-acústicas do /r/ retroflexo do portugues brasileiro : dados de informantes de Pato Branco (PR)

11631: 11520: 10818: 10807: 10126:

Acoustic-phonetic characteristics of the Brazilian Portuguese's retroflex /r/: data from respondents in Pato Branco, Paraná

9735: 8549: 13730: 13725: 10900: 9930: 8185:

Just as in the case of English, whose various dialects sometimes use different prepositions with the same verbs or nouns (

5155:

BP rarely uses the contracted combinations of direct and indirect object pronouns which are sometimes used in EP, such as

5099:

In complex verbal predicates, BP normally has the object pronoun intervening between the auxiliary verb and the main one (

4857:

1st Strategic Management Meeting of the Association of Secretaries-General of Portuguese-Speaking Parliaments of 2016, in

13669: 13557: 13218: 11739: 8735:

in its maximum definition and more easterly areas of São Paulo state, as well perhaps "educated speech" from anywhere in

6407: 13830: 13720: 7704:

is predominant in most of the Southeastern and Center Western regions; it is almost entirely prevalent in the states of

4575:

lack of third-person object pronouns, which may be replaced by their respective subject pronouns or omitted completely (

13945: 11167: 6466: 6007:

and can occur in unstressed syllables in a large number of words. Thus, the above examples would be pronounced and .

5952: 3307:. An evident example of the dichotomy between English and French influences can be noted in the use of the expressions 3279:). Brazilian Portuguese (BP) also tends to adopt culture-bound concepts from French. That is the difference between BP 1002: 7100:(compare English "He is a teacher, isn't he?"). The affirmative answer to such a question is a repetition of the verb 4613:("that/which"), either alone (the possession being implied) or along with a possessive pronoun or expression, such as 14784: 13146: 12273: 11354: 11177: 9513: 9487: 5336: 4282: 847: 10392: 10166: 4005:. Some words have popular usage while others are known for a specific context in specific circles. Terms used among 14844: 12385: 11823: 11581: 7017:

Spoken Brazilian Portuguese usage differs from Standard Portuguese usage. The differences include the placement of

6342: 1352: 13315: 10319: 8941: 7708:(apart from portions of the countryside, such as the region of São João da Ponte, where "tu" is also present) and 5080:. However, formal BP still follows EP in avoiding starting a sentence with a proclitic pronoun, so both will have 4775: 14132: 13737: 13537: 13244: 11515: 10481: 9174:

It is the written language that must reflect the spoken and not vice versa: it is not the tail that wags the dog.

7661:(but in the rest of the state speakers may or may not use it in more formal speech), mainly near the border with 6967:

since 1891. By signing the book, the president-elect assumes the commitment to govern the country and defend the

6328: 5477: 4944:

may even be used when the subject itself is the topic, only to add more emphasis to this fact, e.g. the sentence

677: 167: 8189:), BP usage sometimes requires prepositions that would not be normally used in Portuguese for the same context. 6995:

There are various differences between European Portuguese and Brazilian Portuguese, such as the dropping of the

6538:

by the stronger influence from European Portuguese (Northeast), and from Italian and Argentine Spanish (South).

6511:

and is often still associated with this city but is now standard in many other states and major cities, such as

4936:

O homem, chamar-lhe mito não passa de anacoluto (The man, calling him myth is nothing more than an anacoluthon).

14932: 14833: 11990: 11574: 10092: 9241:. While originally Angolan, the word "samba" only became famous worldwide because of its popularity in Brazil. 8856: 8454: 5500: 4335:

spelling standards), but continued to be written in other Portuguese-speaking countries. For example, the word

4210: 14803: 12103: 1331:

Although the African slaves had various ethnic origins, by far most of the borrowings were contributed (1) by

396: 15466: 14740: 14418: 13174: 12190: 12185: 12098: 11780: 11475: 9390: 6485: 6376: 5111:). In some cases, in order to adapt this use to the standard grammar, some Brazilian scholars recommend that 350: 10785: 10214: 7033:("yes") in informal speech. Instead, the usual reply is a repetition of the verb of the question (as in the 4832:("the boys go to school"). Gender agreement, however, is always made even when plural agreement is omitted: 15476: 13139: 12266: 12050: 11838: 11687: 11480: 11379: 11187: 11126: 9013: 8751:

of Brazil, nowadays conservative only in the rural areas and associated with them, that has a historically

8287: 7440: 6362: 6335: 6010:

Another difference between Northern/Northeastern dialects and Southern/Southeastern ones is the pattern of

5530: 5486: 5046: 4038: 3853:); work-related, socioeconomic, historical, and ethnic terms limited to some spheres of society, including 14867: 14270: 10605: 10264: 8576:

made it the most prosperous Brazilian region, which attracted Portuguese colonists and commoners - called

7469: 6944: 6937: 6930: 6926: 6922: 6918: 6914: 6910: 6898: 6894: 6890: 6886: 6863: 6824: 6820: 6816: 6812: 6781: 6777: 6766: 6746: 6742: 6721: 6666: 6658: 6654: 6650: 6630: 6622: 6614: 6591: 6587: 6559: 6555: 6551: 6497: 6493: 6489: 6023:

vowel, regardless of stress, in the Northeast and North. A famous example of this distinction is the word

5923: 5916: 5909: 5902: 5886: 5880: 5872: 5867: 5861: 5851: 5845: 5837: 5832: 5826: 5814: 5807: 5781: 5775: 5765: 5759: 5749: 5743: 5735: 5727: 5719: 5714: 5708: 5700: 5695: 5689: 5681: 5676: 5670: 5658: 5651: 15308: 14746: 13715: 13644: 13365: 11927: 11734: 11707: 11697: 11682: 11601: 11439: 10627: 10582:

Note: the speaker of this sound file is from Rio de Janeiro, and he is talking about his experience with

10417: 9217:

Many words of Brazilian origin (also used in other Portuguese-speaking countries) have also entered into

8752: 8609: 8462: 8409:

process stronger than that of Portuguese, a different system of the vowel harmony that spans Brazil from

8390: 7953:

may turn some phrases quite ambiguous since one would wonder whether seu/sua refers to the second person

6996: 5514: 5454: 4426:("arsenic"). These spelling differences are due to genuinely different pronunciations. In EP, the vowels 345: 11209:

Conversing in Colony: The Brasílica and the Vulgar in Portuguese America, 1500–1759 (Ph.D. Dissertation)

9765: 8899:

in the early 19th century. There is actually a continuum between vernacular countryside accents and the

8429:, a greater presence of dental stop palatalization to palato-alveolar in comparison to other accents of 4226: 15461: 15029: 14601: 14036: 13594: 13530: 13380: 12400: 12045: 11875: 11790: 11775: 8778: 7976:

Both forms ('seu' or 'dele(s) /dela(s)') are considered grammatically correct in Brazilian Portuguese.

6795:'to kill time'. The same suppression also happens occasionally in EP, but much less often than in BP. ( 6547: 6398: 6245: 4917: 4865: 4853: 4218: 4155:

formed by several regional European Portuguese varieties brought to Brazil, modified by natural drift.

3823: 1048: 831: 670: 435: 11259:

A variação dos pronomes "tu" e "você" no português oral de São João da Ponte (MG) (Ph.D. Dissertation)

10458: 8768: 8755:

in cities as Rio de Janeiro, Curitiba, Belo Horizonte, and until some years ago, in São Paulo itself.

6874:, on the other hand, along with most other Brazilian dialects, is particularly known for lacking it. 5992:(little ball) are pronounced with open-mid vowels although these vowels are not in stressed position. 1140:

did not derive directly from Amerindian expressions, but were in fact coined by European settlers and

14616: 14528: 14137: 13978: 13693: 13622: 13604: 13587: 13582: 13572: 12998: 12116: 12070: 12060: 11800: 11724: 11611: 11591: 11510: 11230: 10157:[Syllable coda /r/ in the "capital" of the paulista hinterland: a sociolinguistic analysis]. 9752: 8760: 8460: 8452: 6964: 6769:. This, along with other adaptations, sometimes results in rather striking transformations of common 6439: 6369: 6220: 5950: 3719:. The latter borrowings are also mostly related to food and drink or culture-bound concepts, such as 625: 483: 104: 89: 12988: 10859: 8659:(7), where, in the 19th and 20th centuries and especially in the area including and surrounding the 3508:

Italian loan words and expressions, in addition to those that are related to food or music, include

2457: 15321: 15225: 14098: 14046: 13825: 13773: 13506: 13375: 13024: 12536: 11861: 11621: 11557: 11500: 11335: 10482:"BRASÍLIA, SUA GENTE, SEUS SOTAQUES: DIFUSÃO CANDANGA E FOCALIZAÇÃO BRASILIENSE NA CAPITAL FEDERAL" 10155:"O /r/ em posição de coda silábica na capital do interior paulista: uma abordagem sociolinguística" 8911:), so that not all people native to the state of Rio de Janeiro speak the said sociolect, but most 7423:(Take this skirt for me), there may be some doubt about which of them must be taken so one may say 6754: 6534:. The regions that still preserve the unpalatalized and are mostly in the Northeast and South of 6252: 5996: 5969: 5463: 4273:

are Brazilian writers recognized for writing the most outstanding work in the Portuguese language.

4214: 4203:

Several Brazilian writers have been awarded with the highest prize of the Portuguese language. The

4196:

The written Brazilian standard differs from the European one to about the same extent that written

4117: 567: 390: 13204: 12647: 8360: 7595:

and minor parts of the Northeast (interior of some states and some speakers from the coast), both

5396: 4928:, i. e., a poem about poetry, a specialty for which he was renowned) treating the concept of 4670:

contracting certain high-frequency phrases, which is not necessarily unacceptable in standard BP (

4184:

their native language into local language, but also created specific dialects, such as the German

14689: 14280: 14234: 14115: 14088: 14027: 13964: 13910: 13617: 13577: 13458: 13249: 13189: 13019: 12753: 12329: 12308: 12168: 11947: 11158: 9943: 9302: 8847: 6284: 6261: 5507: 5388: 1006: 192: 109: 79: 14285: 12632: 11021: 10924: 9128:

A large number of Brazilians speak Portuguese poorly while in Portugal people speak it very well

8860: 7643: 6546:

Another common change that differentiates Brazilian Portuguese from other dialect groups is the

15407: 14623: 14041: 13987: 13639: 13327: 13264: 11957: 11907: 11785: 11729: 11692: 11672: 11667: 11432: 11291:

As construções de tópico no português do Brasil: Uma análise sintático-discursiva em tempo real

11289: 8892: 8627: 8513: 8481: 8396: 7674: 7639: 6867: 6523:(because of migrants from other regions), where it is common in most speakers under 40 or so. 4147:

Naro and Scherre affirm that Brazilian Portuguese is not a "decreolized" form, but rather the "

986: 620: 599: 529: 468: 172: 114: 13414: 11414: 10509:"Sotaque mineiro é o mais charmoso e cativante do Brasil, diz pesquisa; veja ranking completo" 8823:

does have a fairly distinct accent as well, and a relative majority of speakers around and in

6827:

in BP, but can in EP. This nasalization sometimes affects the spelling of words. For example,

6811:

Nasalization is very common in many BP dialects and is especially noticeable in vowels before

5945:

In contrast, speakers of European Portuguese pronounce unstressed ⟨a⟩ primarily as , and they

15439: 15384: 15190: 15185: 14838: 14816: 14707: 14635: 14458: 14120: 13883: 13501: 13448: 13199: 12874: 11995: 11922: 11770: 11702: 11569: 10236:"Linguistic prejudice and the surprising (academic and formal) unity of Brazilian Portuguese" 8278: 6955: 6388: 6291: 6207: 6200: 5347: 4266: 1356: 1348: 1032: 777: 763: 751: 711: 635: 488: 20: 15103: 14071: 12599: 12375: 11344: 10652:[Does the MEC book teach the wrong Portuguese or only value the linguistic forms?]. 10287:"Tu vai para onde? ... Você vai para onde?": manifestações da segunda pessoa na fala carioca 10046:"Tu vai para onde? ... Você vai para onde?": manifestações da segunda pessoa na fala carioca 9463:"Census 2022: Between 2010 and 2022, Brazilian population grows 6.5%, reaches 203.1 million" 7577: 862:

2014 Interactive public hearing to debate the Portuguese Language Orthographic Agreement in

780:, may diverge from each other in matters such as vowel pronunciation and speech intonation. 15389: 15163: 14779: 14678: 14538: 14337: 14265: 14217: 14211: 14174: 14157: 13496: 13421: 13351: 13339: 13279: 13029: 13003: 12818: 12551: 12080: 12025: 11897: 11892: 11547: 10416:

Silva, Thaïs Cristófaro; Barboza, Clerton; Guimarães, Daniela; Nascimento, Katiene (2012).

10294: 9438: 9249: 8816: 8764: 8708: 8635: 7999:

In Southeastern Brazilian Portuguese, especially in the standard dialects of the cities of

7206: 6762: 6750: 6300: 6214: 6036: 6000: 5965: 5179:. Instead, the indirect clitic is replaced by preposition + strong pronoun: thus BP writes 5144: 4546:

dropping prepositions before subordinate and relative clauses beginning with conjunctions (

4113: 1681: 1407: 1308: 1269: 1039: 888: 572: 554: 15173: 14586: 13654: 12933: 12882: 12788: 12662: 11274: 9784: 8736: 8732: 8650: 8475: 8332: 8312: 7743:

The table for 2nd person singular conjugation in Brazilian Portuguese is presented below:

7713: 7576:

In parts of the South, in most of the North and most of the Northeast, and in the city of

6871: 6758: 994: 788: 8: 14874: 14766: 14734: 14728: 14349: 14309: 14275: 14103: 13867: 13491: 13443: 13431: 13399: 13385: 13162: 12887: 12793: 12627: 12521: 12289: 12065: 12040: 11932: 11912: 11853: 11744: 11714: 11677: 11564: 11530: 10731: 9380: 9375: 8668: 8589: 7086: 6984: 6673:. The phenomenon happens mostly in the pretonic position and with the consonant clusters 6315: 5367: 4971:

Portuguese makes extensive use of verbs in the progressive aspect, almost as in English.

4892: 4141: 3766: 3272: 896: 792: 715: 706: 493: 232: 124: 119: 15137: 14570: 14245: 14179: 12983: 12928: 12808: 12617: 12612: 12607: 12483: 12478: 12415: 9559: 9074: 6052: 4230: 15379: 15108: 14964: 14922: 14888: 14882: 14772: 14715: 14672: 14655: 14393: 14386: 14222: 14010: 13951: 13807: 13795: 13674: 13612: 13486: 13438: 13303: 13291: 13269: 13194: 13184: 13055: 12841: 12773: 12763: 12682: 12579: 12435: 12367: 12180: 12108: 12090: 12055: 12005: 11887: 11833: 11805: 11655: 11636: 11102: 10975: 10892: 9898: 9422: 9284: 9230: 8727: 8382: 8324: 7985: 7250: 7000: 6717:: clusters that are not very common in the language ("afta": ; "opção" : > ). 6504:"president," for example, is pronounced in these regions of Brazil but in Portugal. 6163: 5949:

some unstressed vowels or reduce them to a short, near-close near-back unrounded vowel

5400: 5392: 5331: 5187:; the latter most probably will not be understood by Brazilians, being obsolete in BP. 5147:(see in-house style manuals of these newspapers, available on-line, for more details). 4173: 942: 723: 589: 503: 473: 238: 197: 15157: 13649: 12953: 12908: 12892: 12748: 12677: 12667: 12642: 12541: 12506: 12430: 10829: 9046: 8945: — Known in its region as the "accent of the migrants," it has similarities with 8895:. It appeared after locals came in contact with the Portuguese aristocracy amidst the 8580:- from other parts of Brazil along with their African slaves. In the beginning of the 7484:("with you") are still common in most regions of Brazil, especially in areas in which 4371:("to detect"). In particular, BP generally distinguishes in sound and writing between 4238: 382: 15336: 15315: 15235: 15195: 15054: 14982: 14976: 14900: 14792: 14702: 14643: 14555: 14513: 14314: 14260: 14066: 14051: 14022: 14005: 13915: 13878: 13847: 13835: 13754: 13742: 13659: 13634: 13628: 13553: 13522: 13465: 13090: 13045: 12938: 12707: 12692: 12687: 12637: 12589: 12493: 12440: 12410: 12405: 12390: 12233: 12226: 12020: 11982: 11843: 11758: 11616: 11586: 11552: 11467: 11459: 11390: 11350: 11329: 11173: 11137: 11106: 10994: 10979: 10439: 9582: 9333: 9329: 9121:

Bagno denounces the prejudice against the vernacular in what he terms the "8 Myths":

9036: 8812: 8621: 8529: 7716:

and all coastal region of São Paulo state as well as some cities in the countryside.

7658: 6531: 6450: 6421: 6355: 6277: 6168: 4632:("people") with 3rd p. sg verb forms instead of the 1st p. pl verb forms and pronoun 4270: 4242: 4234: 4137: 4006: 3794: 3716: 1920: 1434: 1395: 1154: 1043: 990: 900: 544: 478: 443: 404: 99: 15178: 14147: 14125: 13254: 12918: 12831: 12768: 12730: 12672: 12445: 11828: 9506: 9480: 9210:, the South American free trade zone, Portuguese has been increasingly studied as a 9082: 8524: 8485: 8320: 8031: 7709: 7697: 7581: 7324:

Brazilian Portuguese uses the second-person imperative forms even when referring to

5972:, unstressed ⟨e⟩ and ⟨o⟩ (when they are not reduced to and ) are pronounced as the 4152: 993:), in the case of Germans, Italians and Slavics, and in rural areas of the state of 982: 187: 15289: 15279: 15264: 15252: 15168: 15117: 15081: 15059: 15046: 15040: 14969: 14958: 14862: 14827: 14811: 14660: 14648: 14581: 14545: 14533: 14501: 14426: 14398: 14371: 14201: 14196: 14184: 14164: 14152: 14093: 14000: 13957: 13898: 13893: 13888: 13852: 13783: 13767: 13664: 13115: 13105: 13100: 13095: 12923: 12913: 12826: 12740: 12697: 12657: 12584: 12574: 12566: 12546: 12531: 12511: 12455: 12425: 12380: 12341: 12324: 12015: 12010: 11917: 11810: 11795: 11495: 11094: 11044: 10965: 10884: 10705: 10650:"Livro do MEC ensina o português errado ou apenas valoriza as formas linguísticas?" 10429: 10218: 10133: 10072: 9620: 9367: 9218: 9211: 8756: 8631: 8573: 8035: 7719:

In most of Brazil "você" is often reduced to even more contracted forms, resulting

7360: 6960: 6415: 6158: 6153: 5973: 5363: 5140: 5139:) can be found in modern(ist) literature, textbooks, magazines and newspapers like 4952: 4332: 4222: 4133: 4064: 3351: 1986: 1391: 1379: 892: 836: 539: 534: 84: 15064: 15014: 12468: 12395: 11967: 11419:, Rio de Janeiro: Círculo Fluminense de Estudos Filológicos e Lingüísticos, online 11294:, Rio de Janeiro: Círculo Fluminense de Estudos Filológicos e Lingüísticos, online 10434: 9137:

In the state of Maranhão people speak a better Portuguese than elsewhere in Brazil

8852: 8824: 7320:(considered grammatically incorrect, but completely dominant in informal language) 6862:

European Portuguese consistently realizes the syllable-final sibilants as palatal

5208: 4655:), as well as use of the pronoun between two verbs in a verbal expression (always 15373: 15359: 15240: 15142: 15132: 15076: 14927: 14915: 14855: 14850: 14665: 14594: 14576: 14550: 14523: 14453: 14410: 14322: 14303: 14255: 14142: 14108: 14061: 14056: 13778: 13710: 13682: 13239: 13120: 13110: 13085: 13065: 13050: 12963: 12958: 12864: 12859: 12854: 12803: 12783: 12758: 12652: 12622: 12556: 12526: 12501: 12473: 12420: 12242: 12175: 12075: 12035: 11972: 11902: 11485: 11319: 11309: 11074: 10988: 10841: 10132:(Master's thesis) (in Portuguese). Federal University of Paraná. pp. 19–21. 9576: 9199: 9143:

The knowledge of grammar is essential to the correct and proper use of a language

8594: 8406: 8378: 8307: 7724: 7604: 7387:

In spoken Brazilian Portuguese, the first two adjectives/pronouns usually merge:

6881:) have the same pattern as Rio, while in several other dialects (such as that of 6870:

and a few states in the Northeast are particularly known for such pronunciation;

6527: 6516: 6194: 6173: 6048: 6004: 5591: 5471: 4797: 4254: 4129: 4124:

fact, they find many of the same phenomena in other Romance languages, including

3347: 1387: 1383: 1360: 1332: 1074: 1068: 1055: 824: 594: 579: 562: 549: 508: 177: 71: 14376: 12715: 10774: 8343:

in Minas Gerais is expanded further northerly, though not reaching metropolitan

8339:

and the remaining parts of Mato Grosso do Sul are included, and the frontier of

6839:"we speak" from 'falámos' "we spoke," but in BP, it is written and pronounced 6027:, which a Northeasterner would pronounce , while a Southerner would pronounce . 4959:("She and I, we went for a walk"). This happens because the traditional syntax ( 4204: 3414: 1146: 927: 880: 15424: 15331: 15326: 15247: 15127: 15089: 14821: 14381: 14327: 14297: 14189: 13873: 13801: 13747: 13080: 13075: 13070: 12993: 12948: 12943: 12849: 12725: 12516: 12346: 11815: 11626: 10752: 10019: 8671:, and nowadays less distinctive from other variants in the metropolitan cities 8617: 8352: 8344: 8299: 8019: 8000: 7592: 7427:(Take this one there near you") in the original sense of the use of "essa", or 7034: 6512: 6508: 6232: 5614: 5494: 4258: 2274: 1224: 946: 615: 218: 14470: 11098: 10970: 10953: 8626:. Standard Brazilian Portuguese is used in media (radio and television), like 8018:

In Northeastern BP dialects and in Central and Northern parts of the state of

4644: 843: 19:

This article is about the language. For Brazilians of Portuguese descent, see

15455: 15366: 15269: 15257: 14989: 14697: 14354: 14292: 13788: 12798: 12463: 12247: 12000: 11719: 10443: 9353: 9321: 9297: 9268: 8978: 8675:. It can be divided in two regional variants: one that includes the northern 8537: 8448: 8386: 8364: 8295: 7693:

and is always accompanied by a second-person verb ("tu queres", tu "viste").

7363: 6321: 6307: 6268: 6238: 6186: 5556: 5436: 5403:. Brazilian Portuguese has eight oral vowels, five nasal vowels, and several 4569:("There are many problems in the city") is much more frequent in speech than 4364: 4262: 1992: 1591: 1218: 1063: 935: 884: 658: 524: 289: 10796: 10763: 10534:"Sotaque dos mineiros é o mais charmoso e cativante do Brasil, diz pesquisa" 7964:

BP thus tends to use the third-person possessive 'seu' to mean "your" since

6035:

end of the vowel. In this respect it is more similar to the nasalization of

5232:

A few synthetic tenses are usually replaced by compound tenses, such as in:

5002:. The same restriction applies to several other uses of the gerund: BP uses 15148: 15008: 14448: 14403: 12720: 11542: 11229:, Instituto de Linguística Teórica e Computacional (online), archived from 10730:. Fala UNASP – Centro Universitário Adventista de São Paulo. Archived from 9307: 9276: 8704: 8672: 8581: 8561: 8489: 8316: 8294:, it is the same thing about the difference in accent between English from 8027: 7705: 7090: 6968: 6846:

Related is the difference in pronunciation of the consonant represented by

6044: 6011: 4804:("to give") to express that something is feasible or permissible. Example: 4250: 4148: 2116: 2060: 1701: 1695: 1368: 950: 904: 820: 228: 12195: 11060:"Estrutura tópico-comentário, a tradição gramatical e o ensino de redação" 11049: 11032: 10333: 9946:[Considerations on the status of alveolo-palatals in Portuguese]. 9664: 9428: 8961:(in the opposite group of Brazilian dialects, in which it is placed along 8004: 7738: 6520: 5340: 851: 15210: 15203: 14940: 14506: 12030: 9602: 9040: 9032: 8568:

area, its associated region was formerly a sparsely populated land where

8373: 6972: 6599: 5622: 5606: 5597: 5583: 5574: 5568: 5551: 5448: 5431: 5408: 4913: 4888: 4246: 3398: 3394: 1052: 630: 14475: 13511: 10704:. Associação de Defesa do Meio Ambiente Araucária (AMAR). Archived from 10052:(Master's thesis) (in Portuguese). Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. 10032:(Master's thesis) (in Portuguese). Federal University of Santa Catarina. 8922: 8786: 8676: 7984:

In Portuguese, one may or may not include the definite article before a

7627: 7546:(preceding the verb) can be used as the object pronoun in informal BP. 6649:

BP tends to break up consonant clusters, if the second consonant is not

5352: 5029:("we went back to running"). Some varieties of EP also tend to feature 5025:+ infinitive for uses that are not related to continued action, such as 4870: 4858: 3809:("Japanese immigrant"), as well as the different descending generations 863: 14518: 14488: 14480: 14436: 14431: 14081: 13840: 13234: 11942: 11505: 10293:(Master's thesis). Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Archived from 10261:

Phonological descriptions of Ceará Portuguese: from Aguiar to Macambira

10188:] (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar Editora. p. 24. 9417: 9395: 9245: 9226: 9203: 9028: 9000: 8767:, is a polemic topic in the entirety of the country since the times of 8748: 8695: 8600: 8433:, among others, as well as a great number of archaic Portuguese words). 8368: 8269: 7678: 7631: 7562: 7198:

In some regions, the first "não" of a "não...não" pair is pronounced .

6878: 6662: 5561: 5522: 5441: 5404: 3626: 3410: 3402: 3390: 3378: 2319: 2021: 2015: 1689: 1378:

There are also many loanwords from other European languages, including

1011: 498: 162: 13131: 12258: 10896: 10256:

As descrições fonológicas do português do Ceará: de Aguiar a Macambira

10077: 8281:

that colonized and populated the country for centuries, has different

8023: 5215:("I drink it because it is liquid, if it were solid I would eat it") 1173: 1092: 15284: 15122: 14464: 13759: 12778: 12200: 10138: 10026:

Verbal agreement with the pronoun tu in the speech of southern Brazil

9736:"o portugues brasileiro: formaçao e contrastes – 1ªed.(2008) – Livro" 9311: 9280: 9021: 8884: 8782: 8605: 8451:

and the greatest tendency to pronounce unstressed vowels as open-mid

6988: 6835:

in BP. It also can affect verbal paradigms: Portuguese distinguishes

6798: 6770: 5065: 4499: 4495: 3883: 3781:(a lexical "loan repayment" from a Portuguese loanword in Japanese), 3366: 2406: 1133: 375: 363: 14910: 10096: 8855:

city (due to a heavy immigration movement from Portugal, mainly its

8656: 7262:('you', the grammatical third person with the present subjunctive): 4470:. By Portuguese spelling rules, that sound can be written either as 1327:("brat, spoiled child," or simply "child," depending on the region). 15069: 14905: 14721: 14169: 14017: 11606: 10888: 10378:"Os estudos fonético-fonológicos nos Estados da Paraíba e do Ceará" 9361: 9238: 9207: 8843:). Speech of northern Paraná is closer to that of inland São Paulo. 8820: 8811:— The variants spoken in the areas between the northern regions of 8545: 8356: 8291: 7585: 7258:('you', the grammatical second person with the imperative form) or 7003:

pronoun itself) in everyday usage and the use of subject pronouns (

6976: 6040: 5375: 5073: 4513: 4168: 3941: 3862: 3620: 3542: 1336: 1289: 1263: 1231: 1137: 931: 915: 800: 755: 727: 417: 337: 313: 301: 15274: 11424: 9134:

People that have had poor education can't speak anything correctly

8863:, said to be a continuum between those whose speech most resemble 8716: 8684: 8680: 8336: 7651: 7635: 7558: 6882: 6496:

by most regions, which are pronounced and , respectively, before

14893: 14758: 14496: 13920: 13905: 13259: 12336: 12205: 10071:] (Master's thesis) (in Portuguese). University of Brasília. 9944:"Considerações sobre o status das palato-alveolares em português" 9290:

There is no ISO code for spoken or written Brazilian Portuguese.

9234: 8879: 8840: 8688: 8664: 8556: 8282: 7662: 6857: 6031: 6019:

vowel in the South and Southeast, as compared to nasalization of

5957:, a sound that does not exist in BP. Thus, for example, the word 5946: 5061: 4974:

Brazilian Portuguese seldom has the present continuous construct

4503: 4462:

Another source of variation is the spelling of the sound before

4125: 4081: 4069: 4001: 3989: 3728: 3362: 3358: 1667: 1364: 1344: 1192: 1179: 1167: 1141: 1125: 1086: 1080: 978: 966: 325: 182: 11085:

Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (December 1995). "European Portuguese".

10873:"Vernacular Features in Educated Speech in Brazilian Portuguese" 10559:"Sotaque mineiro é o mais charmoso e cativante do país; entenda" 8250:

can also be used with such verbs with no difference in meaning:

7682: 7557:. In parts of the Northeast, most specifically in the states of 7147:

It is also common to negate statements twice for emphasis, with

3769:," played with the Japanese words being said before the start), 15095: 14441: 14364: 14344: 14076: 13060: 11455: 10678:. Meia Maratona Internacional CAIXA de Brasília. Archived from 10415: 9400: 8988: 8851:— Variants heavily influenced by European Portuguese spoken in 8836: 8835:

instead, related to the European Portuguese dialects spoken in

8720: 8363:, then spoken in almost all of what is now São Paulo, a former 7647: 7018: 6641:("half", as in "half a dozen") when pronouncing phone numbers. 6535: 5919:

is usually monophthongized to , depending on the speaker, e.g.

5371: 5196: 5034: 4987: 4916:

has taken on a new dimension in Brazilian Portuguese. The poet

4164: 3817: 3724: 3632: 3370: 1340: 1201: 1117: 1109: 970: 954: 908: 804: 796: 719: 422: 266: 52: 11186:

IBGE, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (2011),

9862: 9244:

After independence in 1822, Brazilian idioms with African and

9140:

We should speak as closely as possible to the written language

8815:

and southern regions of São Paulo state, encompassing most of

8646: 8471: 6950: 815:

Opening of the 15th Conference of Ministers of Justice of the

14359: 14332: 10021:

Concordância verbal com o pronome tu na fala do sul do Brasil

9222: 9146:

To master Standard Portuguese is the path to social promotion

8723:

has a more European flavor in phonology, prosody and grammar.

8480:— A broad dialect with many variants spoken in the states of 8440: 7735:

is an unstressed syllable and so is dropped in rapid speech.

7665:, have a slightly different pronunciation in some instances ( 6980: 6670: 5931: 4946:

Essa menina, ela costuma tomar conta de cachorros abandonados

3995: 3811: 3805: 2397: 2313: 2039: 1372: 1213: 1101: 974: 962: 958: 919: 94: 7205:

results in its omission, which makes BP a likely example of

6736: 6669:, which can also be characterized, in some situations, as a 4450:) when they are stressed before one of the nasal consonants 3354:

include terms for foods, music, the arts, and architecture.

776:

Regional varieties of Brazilian Portuguese, while remaining

750:

Brazilian Portuguese differs, particularly in phonology and

16:

Set of varieties of the Portuguese language native to Brazil

11416:

Construções de tópico no português brasileiro: Fala popular

11267:

Naro, Anthony Julius; Scherre, Maria Marta Pereira (2007),

9874: 7949:

is strictly a second-person pronoun, the use of possessive

7549:

A speaker may thus end up saying "I love you" in two ways:

3978: 3845: 3515: 9012:

Orthographic Vocabulary of the Portuguese Language of the

8206:

in BP, especially when it means 'to describe someone as':

6745:

is pronounced , and the syllable-final rhotic is the hard

6484:

One of the most noticeable tendencies of modern BP is the

4489: 4331:). Accordingly, they stopped being written in BP (compare 3263:

Brazilian Portuguese tends to adopt French suffixes as in

10990:

Introdução a estudos de fonologia do português brasileiro

10952:

Barbosa, Plínio A.; Albano, Eleonora C. (December 2004).

9948:

Contexto – Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras

4951:

The use of this construction is particularly common with

4140:; they explain these phenomena as due to natural Romance 3993:(type of pumpkin introduced in Japan by the Portuguese), 3839:. Other Japanese loanwords include racial terms, such as 1915: 1889: 1795: 1394:. In addition, there is a limited set of vocabulary from 875:

The existence of Portuguese in Brazil is a legacy of the

11249:

Conversas no Ateliê: Palestras sobre artes e humanidades

9912: 8273:

Percentage of worldwide Portuguese speakers per country.

7464:(informal "you"). The object pronoun, however, is still 5326: 11116:"O uso dos pronomes pessoais tu/você em Concórdia – SC" 8512:

is a more specific term referring to the accent of the

7739:

2nd person singular conjugation in Brazilian Portuguese

7626:"Tu" with the second-person verb can still be found in 7565:, it is also common to use the indirect object pronoun 6633:; this may explain the common Brazilian replacement of 6003:, in patterns that have not yet been much studied, the 4877: 4774:

as a pronoun for indefinite direct objects (similar to

13552: 11262:, Belo Horizonte: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais 11220:

Mateus, Maria Helena Mira; Rodrigues, Celeste (2003),

9125:

There is a striking uniformity in Brazilian Portuguese

8315:(mostly in the countryside and rural areas); southern 7909: 6598:"but" is now pronounced in most of Brazil, making it 4498:, considering that informal BP has developed, both in 4167:

has historically been based by law on the standard of

10418:"Revisitando a palatalização no português brasileiro" 10352:"Sobre as vogais pré-tônicas no Português Brasileiro" 9109:

According to Milton M. Azevedo (Brazilian linguist):

8642:

is the most charming dialect of Brazilian Portuguese.

7979: 7249:

Standard Portuguese forms a command according to the

7029:

Spoken Portuguese rarely uses the affirmation adverb

6590:

at the end of a syllable. It began in the context of

6519:, and it has spread more recently to some regions of 4198:

American English differs from written British English

3441:), there are also abstract terms from German such as 14244: 9343: 7434: 7340:'to be (temporarily)', the second-person imperative 6581: 4394:

Another major set of differences is the BP usage of

1051:

origin referring to local flora and fauna; numerous

10925:"Português do Brasil: Herança colonial e diglossia" 9753:

Portuguese language in Brazilian schools - Timeline

9150:In opposition to the "myths", Bagno counters that: 9053:, published by Cambridge University Press in 2005. 8929:than the dialect commonly spoken in most of Goiás, 8891:variant spoken in an area roughly corresponding to 8034:State, speakers tend to but do not always drop the 7348:are never used; the third-person subjunctive forms 6987:, based on elements such as the successive loss of 6644: 5213:

Bebo-o porque é líquido, se fosse sólido comê-lo-ia

4904:("This girl, I don't know what to do with her") or 9885:[About diphthongs in European Portuguese] 9460: 9386:Portuguese Language Orthographic Agreement of 1990 9089:, for instance) they will use the H-variant only. 8903:sociolect, and the educated speech (in Portuguese 8371:of Brazil before the 18th century, brought by the 8173:" but not in simple sentences like "I love you." 6541: 6479: 4891:studies have shown that Brazilian Portuguese is a 3977:. Other culture-bound terms from Japanese include 3315:in a social context. Portugal uses the expression 11087:Journal of the International Phonetic Association 10958:Journal of the International Phonetic Association 9975:, Vanderbilt University Press, ISBN 0-8265-1197-X 9456: 9454: 9248:influences were brought to Portugal by returning 9101:Mário A. Perini, a Brazilian linguist, has said: 7133:("She had already been an actress, hadn't she?") 5203:, still current in EP, would be normally written 15453: 11169:Pidgins and Creoles: Volume II: Reference Survey 10602:"O MEC, o "português errado" e a linguistica..." 10479: 9188:Linguistic Prejudice: What it Is, How it is done 8711:. Before the 20th century, most people from the 7096:("isn't it?"), contracted in informal speech to 7004: 5286:("own", "have", sense of possession) and rarely 5227: 4636:("we/us"), though both are formally correct and 4514:Characteristics of informal Brazilian Portuguese 4387:("section" of an organization); whereas EP uses 4174:nationalist movements in literature and the arts 3640:. Terms of endearment of Italian origin include 3323:, to refer to the "rush hour," while Brazil has 1462:("streetcar, tram," from 1860s company bonds), 870: 40: 34: 11403: 11219: 11123:Anais do VII Congresso Internacional da Abralin 11007: 10840:Languages of Brazil – Ethnologue (ISO-3 codes) 9960: 9051:Portuguese language (A linguistic introduction) 8871:and European ones, called, often pejoratively, 8228:When movement to a place is described, BP uses 7177:Sometimes, even a triple negative is possible: 4478:(favored in EP). Thus, for example, we have BP 4158: 11369:orais para a análise das formas de tratamento" 10945:Português ou brasileiro? Um convite à pesquisa 10842:http://www.ethnologue.com/country/br/languages 9451: 8867:dialects and those whose speech most resemble 8564:in center, east and southeast regions. As the 8381:, closely related to its northern counterpart 8327:. Depending on the vision of what constitutes 7116:("He didn't do what he should have, did he?") 6858:Palatalization of the syllable-final sibilants 5323:This phenomenon is also observed in Portugal. 4732:use of certain idiomatic expressions, such as 1136:"), and many more. However, many Tupi–Guarani 1042:of the original inhabitants, then the various 835:2017 Debate on the Portuguese language in the 13538: 13147: 12274: 11440: 11084: 10951: 10604:(in Portuguese). Imprenca.com. Archived from 9868: 9856: 9004:Knowledge em Português. A enciclopédia livre. 8598:, and the northern area has an accent called 8202:'call' is normally used with the preposition 4820:("it's possible to see a man in the picture") 4743:lack of indirect object pronouns, especially 678: 11199:Português brasileiro – uma viagem diacrônica 11113: 11058:Cunha, Antônio Sérgio Cavalcante da (2010), 10069:The use of tu in spoken Brasilian Portuguese 9984: 8277:Brazil, due to its continental size and the 8232:(contracted with an article, if necessary): 8220: 7284:"You are stupid, shut your mouth! (shut up)" 2405:Many of these words are used throughout the 15434:languages with more than 5 million speakers 11266: 10179: 10065:O uso do tu no português brasiliense falado 9935: 9710: 9706: 9704: 9702: 9700: 9698: 9581:(in Brazilian Portuguese). Global Editora. 8747:is the hinterland sociolect of much of the 7201:In some cases, the redundancy of the first 7024: 6951:Differences in the informal spoken language 5387:In many ways, Brazilian Portuguese (BP) is 4902:Essa menina, eu não sei o que fazer com ela 4882: 1066:are particularly prevalent in place names ( 1025:List of Portuguese words of Germanic origin 15017:(mixed Romani–Ibero- and Occitano-Romance) 13545: 13531: 13154: 13140: 12281: 12267: 11447: 11433: 11395:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 11142:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 10628:"Cartilha Do Mec Ensina Erro De Português" 10576: 10376:Aragão, Maria do Socorro Silva de (2009). 10318:Aragão, Maria do Socorro Silva de (2003), 9850: 9406:List of English words of Portuguese origin 9131:Portuguese is difficult to learn and speak 7089:as a declarative sentence followed by the 5084:("They gave him/her the book") instead of 3481:("difficult situation," perhaps from Ger. 1029:List of Portuguese words of Italian origin 817:Community of Portuguese Language Countries 771:Community of Portuguese Language Countries 746:Freddie, a speaker of Brazilian Portuguese 685: 671: 416: 11150: 11048: 10969: 10456: 10433: 10137: 10076: 9539:The World's 10 most influential languages 6904: 6737:L-vocalization and suppression of final r 5096:("Let me know when you (pl.) get home"). 4339:("action") in European Portuguese became 4163:The written language taught in Brazilian 1347:from Angola and the area that is now the 941:The failed colonization attempts, by the 64:203,080,756 (2022 – Official Census) 11019: 10017: 9973:A Grammar of Spoken Brazilian Portuguese 9883:"Sobre os Ditongos do Português Europeu" 9880: 9782: 9695: 9689: 9007: 8999: 8268: 6954: 6530:community since it is also a feature of 6526:It has always been standard in Brazil's 5961:is in BP, but in European Portuguese. 5901:In vernacular varieties, the diphthong 5358: 5346: 5330: 5018:as is the case in most varieties of EP. 5010:("he sings while he works"), but rarely 4864: 4852: 4751:plus their respective personal pronoun ( 4523:dropping the first syllable of the verb 3343:are used interchangeably for "snooker." 2401:(slang, brought from Hawaii by surfers). 857: 842: 830: 810: 787: 732: 13161: 12288: 11404:Silva, e Mattos, Rosa Virgínia (2004), 11223:A vibrante em coda no Português Europeu 11026:, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall 10918:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 10913: 10870: 10857: 10186:Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology 9845: 9763: 9214:in Spanish-speaking partner countries. 5915:In vernacular varieties, the diphthong 5905:is typically monophthongized to , e.g. 5391:in its phonology. This is also true of 4828:("the boy goes to school") rather than 4527:(" to be") throughout the conjugation ( 4490:Language register – formal vs. informal 4276: 877:Portuguese colonization of the Americas 823:with former Brazilian justice minister 15454: 11362: 11342: 11307: 11301:Modern Portuguese: A Reference Grammar 11298: 11287: 11246: 11008:Bortoni-Ricardo, Stella Maris (2005), 10375: 10317: 10117: 9995: 9812: 9801: 9574: 9570: 9568: 8180: 5282:Also, spoken BP usually uses the verb 5094:Me avisa quando vocês chegarem em casa 4906:Com essa menina eu não sei o que fazer 4077:("tea"), also in European Portuguese. 2125:(commercial context, music industry), 895:missionaries, as well as with various 13526: 13482:Geographic distribution of Portuguese 13135: 12262: 11428: 11412: 11346:Say It in Portuguese (European Usage) 11273:, São Paulo: Parábola, archived from 11215:, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University 11057: 10993:(in Brazilian Portuguese). EDIPUCRS. 10986: 10942: 10922: 10916:Portuguese: A Linguistic Introduction 10565:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 2023-06-17 10540:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 2023-06-18 10515:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 2023-06-17 10263:] (in Portuguese), archived from 10152: 9941: 9918: 9834: 9823: 9766:"Imigrantes tunisinos e clandestinos" 9764:Gauriat, Valérie (October 29, 2013). 8859:) and much of its metropolitan area, 7973:is also used to mean 'his' or 'her'. 6150: 5798: 5642: 5327:Differences in formal spoken language 4940:In colloquial language, this kind of 4621:("the woman whose son died") becomes 4474:(favored in BP for certain words) or 4080:The loan vocabulary includes several 3969:; and terms for art concepts such as 3287:("train station," Portugal also uses 1474:("beater," railway settlement tool), 914:Beginning in the early 18th century, 760:Portuguese-speaking African countries 705: 11255: 11251:, São Paulo: FAU-USP, pp. 51–69 11196: 11185: 11165: 11030: 10858:Andrade, Carlos Drummond de (1973), 10457:Bernstein, Charles (25 April 2009). 10283: 10252: 10198: 10180:Callou, Dinah; Leite, Yonne (2001). 10062: 10042: 10006: 9640: 9562:on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2011-09-28. 9467:Agência de Notícias IBGE (IBGE News) 8827:also speak this variant (many speak 8759:, or what by times is described as ' 8572:dialect was briefly spoken, but the 8488:and neighbouring eastern regions of 8389:as being strongly associated with a 6507:The pronunciation probably began in 5183:("she gave it to me") instead of EP 5040: 4878:Syntactic and morphological features 3987:("target news niche and websites"), 3949:; terms related to writing, such as 3715:Fewer words have been borrowed from 819:in 2017. Former Brazilian president 13349:Portuguese language Outside Brazil: 11521:Sixth (New) Republic (1985–present) 11454: 11205: 10599: 10349: 10153:Leite, Cândida Mara Britto (2010). 9652: 9565: 7910:Third-person direct object pronouns 7622:use it with the third-person verb: 7569:as a second-person object pronoun: 7359:The negative command forms use the 7144:(If a longer answer is preferred.) 7078:"Have you gone to the library yet?" 7062:— Tu foste/foi na/à/pra biblioteca? 5150: 4994:Thus, Brazilians will always write 4103: 3311:, used in a technical context, and 3299:(ultimately from French), while EP 1238:Body-related parts and conditions: 1009:users whose number is estimated by 13: 15438:Languages between parentheses are 11303:, New Haven: Yale University Press 10600:Mér, Caipira Zé do (17 May 2011). 10182:Iniciação à Fonética e à Fonologia 9723:"Das Brasilianische Portugiesisch" 8187:stand in/on line, in/on the street 7980:Definite article before possessive 7375:(Don't throw paper on the grass); 7151:("no") before and after the verb: 6940:, which merges with the diphthong 4897:Esses assuntos eu não conheço bem, 1299:Miscellaneous household concepts: 450: 14: 15488: 15318:(unknown further classification) 11516:Military dictatorship (1964–1985) 11363:Santos, Viviane Maia dos (2010), 10630:(in Portuguese). Saindo da Matrix 10480:Vieira Lima Neto, Newton (2018). 10459:"Learn about Portuguese language" 10284:Maia, Viviane dos Santos (2012). 10043:Maia, Viviane dos Santos (2012). 9461:Umberlândia Cabral (2023-06-28). 9259: 8588:fled from Minas Gerais after the 7611:is never used and is replaced by 7491:Hence, the combination of object 7435:Personal pronouns and possessives 6582:Epenthetic glide before final /s/ 6465: 6458: 6438: 6429: 6406: 6397: 6375: 6368: 6361: 6341: 6334: 6327: 6306: 6299: 6290: 6283: 6267: 6260: 6251: 6244: 6219: 6213: 6206: 6199: 6055:), as in the following examples: 5621: 5605: 5596: 5582: 5573: 5529: 5513: 5506: 5499: 5485: 5476: 5462: 5453: 5337:Museum of the Portuguese Language 4283:Reforms of Portuguese orthography 4191: 4029:; toasts and salutations such as 3325:horário de pico, horário de pique 1789:Miscellaneous cultural concepts: 848:Museum of the Portuguese Language 11501:First (Old) Republic (1889–1930) 11013:Sociolinguística na sala de aula 11011:Nós cheguemu na escola, e agora? 10118:Ferraz, Irineu da Silva (2005). 9427: 9360: 9346: 8645: 8470: 6963:preserves the books that record 6645:Epenthesis in consonant clusters 6047:even entails the insertion of a 4767:("I want to send you a letter")) 4761:Quero mandar uma carta para você 4609:("whose"), which is replaced by 4188:dialect in the South of Brazil. 4067:contributed a few terms such as 3477:("police action"), and possibly 1353:Democratic Republic of the Congo 949:during the 16th century and the 652: 330: 318: 306: 294: 282: 259: 11314:, Campinas, SP: Pontes Editores 11311:O tópico no português do Brasil 11288:Orsini, Mônica Tavares (2004), 11270:Origens do português brasileiro 11114:Franceschini, Lucelene (2011), 10850: 10834: 10830:Portuguese language in Mercosul 10823: 10812: 10801: 10790: 10779: 10768: 10757: 10746: 10720: 10694: 10668: 10642: 10620: 10593: 10551: 10526: 10501: 10473: 10450: 10422:Revista de Estudos da Linguagem 10409: 10369: 10343: 10332:(in Portuguese), archived from 10311: 10277: 10246: 10228: 10192: 10173: 10146: 10111: 10093:"Nheengatu and caipira dialect" 10085: 10063:Dias, Edilene Patrícia (2007). 10056: 10036: 10011: 10000: 9989: 9978: 9965: 9954: 9924: 9839: 9828: 9817: 9806: 9795: 9783:Squarisi, Dad (July 19, 2011). 9776: 9757: 9746: 9728: 9715: 9683: 9657: 9646: 9575:Freyre, Gilberto (2019-03-15). 9433:Brazilian Portuguese phrasebook 8634:. A 2023 study, conducted by a 8447:, it has a very characteristic 8421:but is especially prevalent in 7934: 7047:— Você foi na/à/pra biblioteca? 6999:(and, in some dialects, of the 6806: 6542:Palatalization of /li/ and /ni/ 6480:Palatalization of /di/ and /ti/ 5137:pronome solto entre dois verbos 4759:("Give him a glass of water"); 4552:Ele precisa de que vocês ajudem 4363:However, BP has retained those 3501:(musical style and dance) from 3495:Friedrich Hermann Von Schönberg 2183:traje de gala/cerimônia noturna 901:slaves brought into the country 707:[poʁtuˈɡejzbɾaziˈlejɾu] 15442:of the language on their left. 15312:(Western Romance-based pidgin) 11406:O português do Brasil são dois 11376:Anais do IX Encontro do CELSUL 11201:, Campinas: Editora da UNICAMP 11172:, Cambridge University Press, 9634: 9613: 9595: 9548: 9532: 7588:, 'tu' is not generally used. 7445: 7085:In BP, it is common to form a 6801:in non-rhotic English dialects 5218: 4966: 4912:. Nevertheless, the so-called 4571:Há muitos problemas na cidade. 4561:when it means "to exist" with 4211:Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis 4112:, especially in São Paulo and 3339:, and the phonetic adaptation 3271:"landing "), differently from 2387:(movie/TV context and slang), 1273:("runaway slave settlement"), 1: 11413:Vasco, Sérgio Leitão (2003), 11378:, Palhoça, SC, archived from 11343:Prista, Alexander da (1979), 10435:10.17851/2237-2083.20.2.59-89 9961:Mateus & Rodrigues (2003) 9518:IANA language subtag registry 9492:IANA language subtag registry 9444: 9391:Academia Brasileira de Letras 8616:spoken in the state capital, 8290:. And as for Portuguese from 7689:is used much more often than 7472:). Also, other forms such as 7394:'this (one)' / 'that (one)' 7244: 6140: 5995:Meanwhile, in accents of the 5228:Simple versus compound tenses 5190: 4625:("the woman that son died")) 4605:lack of the relative pronoun 4506:, in its own particular way. 4315:. In many cases, the letters 3911:; martial arts terms such as 871:Portuguese language in Brazil 351:Academia Brasileira de Letras 15472:Portuguese-Brazilian culture 11020:Chilcote, Ronald H. (1967), 10656:(in Portuguese). 26 May 2011 10391:(1): 163–184. Archived from 10095:. Sosaci.org. Archived from 9931:Portuguese language variants 9625:www.linguaportuguesa.ufrn.br 9435:travel guide from Wikivoyage 9014:Brazilian Academy of Letters 8995: 8957:that make it differing from 8897:Portuguese royal family fled 8544:word in itself is a Spanish 8504:is sometimes referred to as 8367:in most of the contemporary 8288:Regions of the United States 8192: 8150: 8142: 8109: 7673:), which is also present in 7441:Portuguese personal pronouns 7114:Ele não fez o que devia, né? 7012: 6053:Polish phonology § Open 6043:). In some cases, the nasal 5411:, some oral and some nasal. 5382: 5135:), and this usage (known as 5047:Portuguese personal pronouns 4830:os meninos vão para a escola 4818:pode ver-se um homem na foto 4721:in the directional meaning ( 4628:frequent use of the pronoun 4623:A mulher que o filho morreu 4567:Tem muito problema na cidade 4548:Ele precisa que vocês ajudem 4159:Written and spoken languages 4041:suffixes of address such as 1018: 1015:to be as high as 3 million. 930:) and prohibited the use of 7: 15309:Mediterranean Lingua Franca 11963:Water supply and sanitation 11511:Fourth Republic (1946–1964) 11486:Colonial Brazil (1500–1815) 9621:"Brazilian dialectal zones" 9339: 9092: 8683:and another that goes from 8548:into Portuguese of obscure 8496:formed in these previously 8264: 8053: 7409:Essa é minha camiseta nova. 7382: 7194:"No. I don't speak it, no." 6893:only before the consonants 6030:Vowel nasalization in some 5021:BP retains the combination 5006:("we kept on talking") and 4957:Eu e ela, nós fomos passear 4900:also quite common, e.g. in 4814:dá pra ver um homem na foto 4753:Dê um copo de água para ele 4402:in many words where EP has 4100:) in Portuguese worldwide. 4088:("skyscraper," from French 3857:("genealogical research"), 754:, from varieties spoken in 10: 15493: 15011:(mixed Portuguese–Spanish) 14037:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata 13831:Central−Southern Calabrian 11491:United Kingdom (1815–1822) 11256:Mota, Maria Alice (2008), 11125:, Curitiba, archived from 10215:Museu da Língua Portuguesa 9942:Leite, João Lucas (1992). 8991:and its metropolitan area. 8805:depending on the location. 8574:discovery of gold and gems 8311:— Spoken in the states of 7712:, but "tu" is frequent in 7438: 7336:'to be (permanently)' and 7332:, in the case of the verb 7140:("She already had.") Or – 6997:second-person conjugations 6965:presidential inaugurations 6724:into a very weak vowel so 5057:indisputably predominant. 5044: 4918:Carlos Drummond de Andrade 4848: 4765:Quero lhe mandar uma carta 4619:A mulher cujo filho morreu 4280: 4219:Carlos Drummond de Andrade 3881:("death by work excess"), 1022: 1001:reservations inhabited by 899:spoken by the millions of 783: 18: 15416: 15400: 15351: 15300: 15224: 15028: 15001: 14950: 14802: 14688: 14634: 14615: 14566: 14233: 13986: 13977: 13938: 13818: 13703: 13692: 13603: 13565: 13474: 13394: 13360: 13213: 13169: 13038: 13012: 12999:Paulista General Language 12976: 12901: 12873: 12840: 12817: 12739: 12706: 12598: 12565: 12492: 12454: 12366: 12357: 12317: 12296: 12220: 12089: 11981: 11883: 11874: 11852: 11766: 11757: 11745:President of the Republic 11663: 11654: 11538: 11529: 11466: 11324:, Omniglot (online), n.d. 11151:Hernandes, Paulo (2000), 11099:10.1017/S0025100300005223 10971:10.1017/S0025100304001756 10866:, Rio de Janeiro: Olympio 10199:Castilho, Ataliba T. de, 10018:Loregian, Loremi (1996). 9869:Barbosa & Albano 2004 9711:Naro & Scherre (2007) 9665:"Brazilian Sign Language" 9578:Casa-grande & senzala 9545:, retrieved on scribd.com 9193: 8763:', often correlated with 8731:— Variants spoken around 8632:American Standard English 8525:Sulriograndense or Gaúcho 8086: 8077: 7896: 7831: 7809: 7791: 7480:(postprepositional), and 6947:normally, but not in BP. 6414: 6387: 6314: 6231: 6193: 6172: 6167: 6157: 6152: 5821: 5800: 5665: 5644: 5414: 5211:, as in his famous quote 5051: 4729:("Where are you going?")) 1901:(sometimes , but also ), 997:(Italians and Japanese). 415: 403: 389: 373: 361: 356: 344: 272: 254:Official language in 252: 247: 215: 156: 68: 58: 48: 33: 28: 14319:North American dialects 13826:Extreme Southern Italian 11668:Administrative divisions 11206:Lee, M. Kittiya (2005), 11157:, Online, archived from 10914:Azevedo, Milton (2005), 10871:Azevedo, Milton (1989), 9971:Thomas, Earl W. (1974), 9881:Carvalho, Joana (2012). 9414:List of word differences 9056: 8937:Arco do desflorestamento 8739:(where it coexists with 8538:Spanish-speaking nations 8516:area by speakers with a 8347:. It is often said that 7927:"I saw him" rather than 7618:Most Brazilians who use 7542:(following the verb) or 7501:eu te disse para você ir 7460:(formal "you") replaces 7456:In many dialects of BP, 7373:Não jogue papel na grama 7025:Affirmation and negation 5311:ele podia haver/ter dito 4998:("she is dancing"), not 4883:Topic-prominent language 4826:os menino vai pra escola 4812:("I could understand"); 4747:, which are replaced by 4367:in a few cases, such as 4227:João Cabral de Melo Neto 3793:(religious philosophy), 1406:Technology and science: 1363:/Nagô, from what is now 1315:("youngest child," also 1303:("caress on the head"), 13738:Central−Northern Latian 12309:Brazilian Sign Language 11308:Pontes, Eunice (1987), 11073:: 53–63, archived from 10350:Lee, Seung Hwa (2006). 9897:(1): 20. Archived from 9630:The Portuguese Language 9541:, George Werber, 1997, 9303:Brazilian Sign Language 9073:by Brazilian modernist 8377:, interior pioneers of 8246:In BP, the preposition 7957:or to the third person 7421:Pega essa saia para mim 7414:This is my new T-shirt. 7237:"Do you speak English?" 7191:"Do you speak English?" 7170:"Do you speak English?" 6933:) and in the diphthong 6625:, making it rhyme with 5988:(demitasse coffee) and 5296:ele havia/tinha cantado 5060:BP normally places the 4808:("can/may I eat it?"); 4539:("we were") instead of 3706:io ti voglio tanto bene 2904:("pullover, sweater"), 2229:("facial powder," also 1257:Geographical features: 1062:Words derived from the 1007:Brazilian Sign Language 14042:Gallo-Italic of Sicily 11824:Science and technology 11506:Vargas Era (1930–1946) 11321:Portuguese (Português) 11299:Perini, Mário (2002), 11189:Censo Demográfico 2010 11166:Holm, John A. (1989), 11031:Cook, Manuela (2013). 10954:"Brazilian Portuguese" 10943:Bagno, Marcos (2004), 10923:Bagno, Marcos (2001), 10864:As impurezas do branco 10489:University of Brasília 10253:Monteiro, José Lemos, 9206:. Since Brazil joined 9115: 9107: 9079:Grande Sertão: Veredas 9017: 9005: 8893:Greater Rio de Janeiro 8737:the state of São Paulo 8514:Greater Rio de Janeiro 8274: 8260:I went to the square. 8242:I went to the square. 8224:with verbs of movement 8128:"Me to answer!" (you) 8046:are likely in speech. 7511:("say what you did"). 7431:(Take this one here). 7123:("Right, he didn't.") 7005: 6992: 6905:Other phonetic changes 6558:followed by the vowel 5379: 5356: 5344: 5125:ela não vem-me pagando 5121:ela não me vem pagando 4961:Eu e ela fomos passear 4938: 4874: 4862: 4757:Dê-lhe um copo de água 3983:("Japanese bathtub"), 3753:(from Portugal) (from 2928:(ultimately Italian), 2458:Louis-Eugène Cavaignac 1517:Commerce and finance: 1280:Articles of clothing: 1211:Afro-Brazilian music: 867: 855: 840: 828: 808: 747: 701: 455: 41: 35: 14529:Poitevin–Saintongeais 13502:Portuguese vocabulary 13250:Florianopolitan/Manês 13004:Portunhol fronteiriço 11408:, São Paulo: Parábola 11050:10.21471/jls.v11i0.84 11015:, São Paulo: Parábola 10947:, São Paulo: Parábola 10165:: 111. Archived from 9250:Portuguese Brazilians 9204:Brazilian soap operas 9111: 9103: 9011: 9003: 8883:— Not a dialect, but 8779:Center-Western states 8749:Central-Southern half 8655:— more marked in the 8550:Indigenous Amerindian 8449:syllable-timed rhythm 8361:língua geral paulista 8286:too in the different 8279:immigration to Brazil 8272: 8216:I called him a thief. 8211:Chamei ele de ladrão. 8071:Brazilian Portuguese 8066:Brazilian Portuguese 8013:Meu tio matou um cara 7903:se parece, te parece 7646:dialect region (e.g. 7518:has largely replaced 7356:may be used instead. 7173:"I don't speak , no." 7131:Ela já foi atriz, né? 7009:) as direct objects. 6958: 6929:before the palatals ( 6757:, while the state of 5397:São Tomean Portuguese 5362: 5350: 5334: 5016:ele trabalha a cantar 5008:ele trabalha cantando 4934: 4868: 4856: 4836:(the smart boys) vs. 4740:("Where is the car?") 4684:dependo 'dele' ajudar 4680:dependo de ele ajudar 4647:in all cases (always 4281:Further information: 4267:Lygia Fagundes Telles 4108:Use of the reflexive 3757:, "folding screen"), 3357:From German, besides 2043:(as in "queer lit"), 1357:Niger-Congo languages 1349:Republic of the Congo 1296:("loincloth, thong"); 1033:Portuguese vocabulary 1023:Further information: 891:that was used by the 861: 846: 834: 814: 791: 778:mutually intelligible 764:mutually intelligible 745: 454: 21:Portuguese Brazilians 15467:Brazilian Portuguese 14338:St. Marys Bay French 13862:Neapolitan–Calabrese 13497:Portuguese phonology 13265:North Coast/Cearense 13245:Central Northeastern 11642:World Heritage Sites 11575:Environmental issues 11548:Brazilian Antarctica 11334:: CS1 maint: year ( 10987:Bisol, Leda (2005). 10753:Brazilian Portuguese 10359:Estudos Lingüísticos 10242:on October 21, 2012. 9950:(in Portuguese): 12. 9558:. Archived from the 9439:Uruguayan Portuguese 9416:, on the Portuguese 9326:Brazilian Portuguese 9043:and grammar usage). 8861:Grande Florianópolis 8761:linguistic prejudice 8663:(the dry land after 7538:. Therefore, either 7187:— Não. Não falo, não 7081:"Yes, I went there." 7006:ele, ela, eles, elas 5313:(he might have said) 5197:mesoclitic placement 5133:não vamos lhes dizer 4531:("he's") instead of 4343:in Brazil, European 4277:Spelling differences 4009:descendants include 3710:ti voglio bene assai 3485:, "a sick person"). 2948:(ultimately Dutch), 2379:("portable lunch"), 1629:shopping center/mall 1292:or dance uniform"), 1186:Religious concepts: 1040:Amerindian languages 889:Amerindian languages 702:português brasileiro 698:Brazilian Portuguese 641:World Heritage Sites 168:Central Northeastern 130:Brazilian Portuguese 42:português brasileiro 29:Brazilian Portuguese 15477:Languages of Brazil 14690:Galician–Portuguese 13716:Central Marchigiano 13492:Portuguese diaspora 13163:Portuguese language 12290:Languages of Brazil 12191:Syncretic Religions 12099:Freedom of religion 11781:Automotive industry 11365:"A constituição de 11349:, New York: Dover, 11197:Kato, Mary (1993), 10819:Marcos Bagno (1999) 10808:Marcos Bagno (1999) 10734:on 22 December 2012 10708:on 22 December 2012 10702:"O Que É? Amazônia" 10224:on 22 December 2012 10099:on 15 December 2018 9985:Franceschini (2011) 9857:Cruz-Ferreira (1995 9789:Correio Braziliense 9671:. SIL International 9603:"Brazil – Language" 9381:Portuguese language 9376:Languages of Brazil 8781:, and also much of 8669:Rioplatense Spanish 8590:War of the Emboabas 8393:, now mostly rural. 8391:substandard variant 8181:Use of prepositions 8106:"Answer me!" (you) 8091:"I you/thee love." 7887:não fale, não fala 7727:) and, especially, 7681:. In the states of 7530:may be replaced by 7509:fale o que você fez 7505:fala o que você fez 7488:is still frequent. 7429:Pega essa saia aqui 7419:room and one says, 7219:— Você fala inglês? 7182:— Você fala inglês? 7161:— Você fala inglês? 7142:É, sim, ela já foi. 6985:Portuguese language 6854:("early morning"). 6741:The syllable-final 6147: 6146:Consonant phonemes 5795: 5639: 5545: 5425: 5399:, as well as other 5368:Portuguese Language 5236:future indicative: 5012:ficamos a conversar 5004:ficamos conversando 4920:once wrote a short 4810:deu pra eu entender 4794:= "wait a moment"); 4723:Para onde você vai? 4640:is still much used. 4587:for "I saw him/it") 4347:("optimum") became 4215:João Guimarães Rosa 3803:("non-Japanese"), 3767:rock-paper-scissors 3346:Contributions from 3283:("station") and EP 3273:European Portuguese 3256:(from 19th-century 2788:(including slang), 1371:, from what is now 1277:("slave quarters"); 1142:Jesuit missionaries 716:Portuguese language 274:Recognised minority 233:Portuguese alphabet 120:Galician-Portuguese 36:português do Brasil 15104:Catalan Ribagorçan 14951:Pyrenean–Mozarabic 14223:Judaeo-Piedmontese 14133:Bustocco–Legnanese 13928:Northern Calabrian 13487:Brazilian diaspora 13287:Curitibano/Sulista 12754:Gavião of Jiparaná 12318:Regional languages 12151:Eastern Orthodoxy 12144:Ukrainian Catholic 11839:Telecommunications 11496:Empire (1822–1889) 11481:Indigenous peoples 10786:Language of Brazil 10385:Revista da ABRALIN 9423:Portuguese grammar 9330:Internet standards 9285:ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 9022:diglossic language 9018: 9006: 8789:. It is closer to 8335:, border areas of 8325:Mato Grosso do Sul 8275: 8026:), rural parts of 7986:possessive pronoun 7514:In areas in which 7251:grammatical person 6993: 6661:, by inserting an 6562:, yielding and . 6145: 6051:such as (compare 5793: 5637: 5543: 5423: 5380: 5357: 5345: 5318:ele podia ter dito 5278:+ past participle) 5181:ela o deu para mim 5117:ela vem-me pagando 5115:should be written 5113:ela vem me pagando 5109:ela vem pagando-me 5105:ela me vem pagando 5101:ela vem me pagando 5076:position), namely 4875: 4863: 4840:(the smart girls). 4738:Onde está o carro? 4418:("neuron") and BP 3389:and pronounced ), 3006:calça Saint-Tropez 2177:(male underwear), 868: 856: 841: 829: 809: 748: 724:Brazilian diaspora 456: 239:Portuguese Braille 15462:Culture of Brazil 15449: 15448: 15425:extinct languages 15347: 15346: 15024: 15023: 14983:Navarro-Aragonese 14868:Peruvian Ribereño 14793:Judaeo-Portuguese 14708:Galician–Asturian 14611: 14610: 14602:Old Gallo-Romance 14556:Wisconsin Walloon 13973: 13972: 13946:Dalmatian Romance 13554:Romance languages 13520: 13519: 13466:Judaeo-Portuguese 13402: 13368: 13221: 13177: 13129: 13128: 12972: 12971: 12658:Laklãnõ (Xokléng) 12297:Official language 12256: 12255: 12216: 12215: 12158: 12146: 12139: 12132: 12125: 12123:Armenian Catholic 11928:Income inequality 11870: 11869: 11753: 11752: 11740:Political parties 11735:National Congress 11698:Freedom of speech 11683:Foreign relations 11650: 11649: 11023:Portuguese Africa 11000:978-85-7430-529-5 10932:Revista da FAEEBA 10654:Jornal de Beltrão 10424:(in Portuguese). 10387:(in Portuguese). 10361:(in Portuguese). 10213:(in Portuguese), 10161:(in Portuguese). 9893:(in Portuguese). 9740:m.travessa.com.br 9607:countrystudies.us 9588:978-85-260-2461-8 9520:. 16 October 2005 9494:. 16 October 2005 9334:IETF language tag 9087:The Little Prince 9037:African languages 8873:manezinho da ilha 8833:manezinho da ilha 8813:Rio Grande do Sul 8733:Greater São Paulo 8638:app, showed that 8636:language learning 8530:Rio Grande do Sul 8333:Triângulo Mineiro 8323:and southeastern 8298:and English from 8255:Fui para a praça. 8160: 8159: 8040:esse é o meu gato 7907: 7906: 7779: 7771: 7763: 7755: 7659:Rio Grande do Sul 7314:Você é burro, cal 7299:Você é burro, cal 7280:a boca! (cale-se) 7276:Você é burro, cal 7271:a boca! (cala-te) 7207:Jespersen's Cycle 6765:conserve the tap 6477: 6476: 5930:The reduction of 5898: 5897: 5894: 5893: 5794:Nasal diphthongs 5789: 5788: 5631: 5630: 5539: 5538: 5303:ele tinha cantado 5257:eu iria/ia cantar 5086:Lhe deram o livro 5082:Deram-lhe o livro 5068:position), as in 5064:before the verb ( 5041:Personal pronouns 5027:voltamos a correr 5000:ela está a dançar 4996:ela está dançando 4953:compound subjects 4838:as menina esperta 4834:os menino esperto 4391:for both senses. 4375:("section" as in 4365:silent consonants 4271:Euclides da Cunha 4243:Rachel de Queiroz 4235:Clarice Lispector 3843:("Eurasian") and 3321:l'heure de pointe 3220:(used as slang), 2047:(also the calque 1655:, "outboard" (), 1155:African languages 1108:("South American 1044:African languages 991:Rio Grande do Sul 924:Marquis of Pombal 897:African languages 743: 695: 694: 659:Brazil portal 444:Culture of Brazil 429: 428: 346:Regulated by 15484: 14970:Judaeo-Aragonese 14959:Andalusi Romance 14812:Amazonic Spanish 14649:Western Asturian 14632: 14631: 14571:Franco-Provençal 14242: 14241: 14138:Comasco–Lecchese 13996:Emilian–Romagnol 13984: 13983: 13784:Regional Italian 13774:Italo-Australian 13701: 13700: 13623:Megleno-Romanian 13547: 13540: 13533: 13524: 13523: 13462: 13435: 13418: 13398: 13364: 13343: 13331: 13319: 13307: 13295: 13283: 13217: 13173: 13156: 13149: 13142: 13133: 13132: 12364: 12363: 12283: 12276: 12269: 12260: 12259: 12236: 12229: 12154: 12142: 12135: 12128: 12121: 12046:National symbols 11881: 11880: 11819: 11791:Economic history 11776:Animal husbandry 11764: 11763: 11661: 11660: 11536: 11535: 11449: 11442: 11435: 11426: 11425: 11420: 11409: 11400: 11394: 11386: 11384: 11373: 11359: 11339: 11333: 11325: 11315: 11304: 11295: 11284: 11283: 11282: 11263: 11252: 11243: 11242: 11241: 11235: 11228: 11216: 11214: 11202: 11193: 11182: 11162: 11147: 11141: 11133: 11131: 11120: 11110: 11081: 11079: 11064: 11054: 11052: 11027: 11016: 11004: 10983: 10973: 10948: 10939: 10929: 10919: 10910: 10909: 10908: 10899:, archived from 10867: 10844: 10838: 10832: 10827: 10821: 10816: 10810: 10805: 10799: 10794: 10788: 10783: 10777: 10772: 10766: 10761: 10755: 10750: 10744: 10743: 10741: 10739: 10724: 10718: 10717: 10715: 10713: 10698: 10692: 10691: 10689: 10687: 10676:"Sotaque branco" 10672: 10666: 10665: 10663: 10661: 10646: 10640: 10639: 10637: 10635: 10624: 10618: 10617: 10615: 10613: 10608:on 19 April 2012 10597: 10591: 10580: 10574: 10573: 10571: 10570: 10555: 10549: 10548: 10546: 10545: 10530: 10524: 10523: 10521: 10520: 10505: 10499: 10498: 10496: 10495: 10486: 10477: 10471: 10470: 10468: 10466: 10454: 10448: 10447: 10437: 10413: 10407: 10406: 10404: 10403: 10397: 10382: 10373: 10367: 10366: 10356: 10347: 10341: 10340: 10338: 10331: 10315: 10309: 10308: 10306: 10305: 10299: 10292: 10281: 10275: 10274: 10273: 10272: 10250: 10244: 10243: 10238:. Archived from 10232: 10226: 10225: 10223: 10217:, archived from 10212: 10196: 10190: 10189: 10177: 10171: 10170: 10150: 10144: 10143: 10141: 10131: 10115: 10109: 10108: 10106: 10104: 10089: 10083: 10082: 10080: 10060: 10054: 10053: 10051: 10040: 10034: 10033: 10031: 10015: 10009: 10004: 9998: 9993: 9987: 9982: 9976: 9969: 9963: 9958: 9952: 9951: 9939: 9933: 9928: 9922: 9916: 9910: 9909: 9903: 9888: 9878: 9872: 9871:, p. 228–9. 9866: 9860: 9854: 9848: 9843: 9837: 9832: 9826: 9821: 9815: 9810: 9804: 9799: 9793: 9792: 9780: 9774: 9773: 9761: 9755: 9750: 9744: 9743: 9732: 9726: 9719: 9713: 9708: 9693: 9687: 9681: 9680: 9678: 9676: 9661: 9655: 9650: 9644: 9638: 9632: 9628: 9617: 9611: 9610: 9599: 9593: 9592: 9572: 9563: 9552: 9546: 9536: 9530: 9529: 9527: 9525: 9510: 9504: 9503: 9501: 9499: 9484: 9478: 9477: 9475: 9473: 9458: 9431: 9412: 9370: 9368:Languages portal 9365: 9364: 9356: 9351: 9350: 9349: 9319: 9295: 9266: 9256:in Portuguese). 9254:luso-brasileiros 9212:foreign language 9075:Mário de Andrade 8909:florianopolitano 8848:Florianopolitano 8829:florianopolitano 8769:Adoniran Barbosa 8757:Sociolinguistics 8703: — Most of 8679:and southern of 8673:along the coasts 8649: 8628:Received English 8474: 8466: 8458: 8359:and the related 8357:língua brasílica 8171:that I love you, 8061: 8060: 8036:definite article 7777: 7769: 7761: 7753: 7746: 7745: 7657:A few cities in 7624:tu vai ao banco. 7499:in informal BP: 7471: 7267:Tu és burro, cal 7166:— Não falo, não. 7035:Celtic languages 7008: 6961:Senate of Brazil 6946: 6939: 6932: 6928: 6924: 6920: 6916: 6912: 6900: 6896: 6892: 6888: 6865: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6814: 6783: 6779: 6768: 6748: 6744: 6723: 6668: 6660: 6656: 6652: 6632: 6624: 6621:"three" becomes 6616: 6593: 6589: 6561: 6557: 6553: 6499: 6495: 6491: 6469: 6462: 6453: 6442: 6433: 6424: 6410: 6401: 6379: 6372: 6365: 6358: 6345: 6338: 6331: 6324: 6310: 6303: 6294: 6287: 6280: 6271: 6264: 6255: 6248: 6241: 6223: 6217: 6210: 6203: 6189: 6182: 6148: 6144: 5980:(operation) and 5974:close-mid vowels 5956: 5925: 5918: 5911: 5904: 5888: 5883: 5882: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5863: 5853: 5848: 5847: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5828: 5817: 5816: 5810: 5809: 5796: 5792: 5783: 5778: 5777: 5767: 5762: 5761: 5751: 5746: 5745: 5737: 5730: 5729: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5710: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5691: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5672: 5661: 5660: 5654: 5653: 5640: 5638:Oral diphthongs 5636: 5625: 5609: 5600: 5586: 5577: 5546: 5542: 5533: 5517: 5510: 5503: 5489: 5480: 5466: 5457: 5426: 5422: 5419: 5418: 5401:African dialects 5364:Senate of Brazil 5272:eu tinha cantado 5151:Contracted forms 5141:Folha de S.Paulo 5129:poderia se dizer 5092:("Look at me"), 5037:, as in Brazil. 4806:dá pra eu comer? 4800:use of the verb 4665:vem treinando-me 4661:me vem treinando 4657:vem me treinando 4537:nós táva(mos/mo) 4231:Cecília Meireles 4223:Graciliano Ramos 4104:Other influences 3723:, from Japanese 3678:Marietta Baderna 3295:is from English 3254:forró, forrobodó 2071:(19th century), 1831:("roast beef"), 1684:, or the calque 1567:delivery service 1506:(19th century), 837:Senate of Brazil 793:Portuguese world 744: 710:) is the set of 709: 687: 680: 673: 657: 656: 655: 453: 431: 430: 420: 411: 399: 385: 366: 336: 334: 333: 324: 322: 321: 312: 310: 309: 300: 298: 297: 288: 286: 285: 276:language in 265: 263: 262: 221: 74: 44: 38: 26: 25: 15492: 15491: 15487: 15486: 15485: 15483: 15482: 15481: 15452: 15451: 15450: 15445: 15412: 15396: 15374:Pannonian Latin 15360:African Romance 15343: 15296: 15227: 15220: 15158:Judeo-Provençal 15031: 15020: 14997: 14946: 14856:Chilean Chilote 14798: 14684: 14625: 14621: 14618: 14607: 14595:Moselle Romance 14562: 14411:Missouri French 14372:Franco-Ontarian 14247: 14236: 14229: 13969: 13934: 13911:Southern Latian 13814: 13779:Maltese Italian 13711:Central Italian 13695: 13688: 13683:Common Romanian 13599: 13583:Italo-Dalmatian 13561: 13551: 13521: 13516: 13470: 13456: 13429: 13412: 13396: 13390: 13362: 13356: 13337: 13325: 13313: 13311:Serra amazônica 13301: 13289: 13277: 13215: 13209: 13171: 13165: 13160: 13130: 13125: 13034: 13008: 12968: 12897: 12869: 12836: 12813: 12735: 12702: 12594: 12561: 12488: 12450: 12359: 12353: 12313: 12292: 12287: 12257: 12252: 12239: 12232: 12225: 12212: 12085: 12071:Science fiction 12061:Public holidays 11977: 11938:Life expectancy 11866: 11848: 11817: 11749: 11725:Law enforcement 11646: 11632:Water resources 11612:Protected areas 11525: 11462: 11453: 11423: 11388: 11387: 11382: 11371: 11357: 11327: 11326: 11318: 11280: 11278: 11239: 11237: 11233: 11226: 11212: 11180: 11135: 11134: 11129: 11118: 11077: 11062: 11001: 10927: 10906: 10904: 10853: 10848: 10847: 10839: 10835: 10828: 10824: 10817: 10813: 10806: 10802: 10797:Mário A. Perini 10795: 10791: 10784: 10780: 10773: 10769: 10764:Mário A. Perini 10762: 10758: 10751: 10747: 10737: 10735: 10726: 10725: 10721: 10711: 10709: 10700: 10699: 10695: 10685: 10683: 10674: 10673: 10669: 10659: 10657: 10648: 10647: 10643: 10633: 10631: 10626: 10625: 10621: 10611: 10609: 10598: 10594: 10581: 10577: 10568: 10566: 10557: 10556: 10552: 10543: 10541: 10532: 10531: 10527: 10518: 10516: 10507: 10506: 10502: 10493: 10491: 10484: 10478: 10474: 10464: 10462: 10455: 10451: 10414: 10410: 10401: 10399: 10395: 10380: 10374: 10370: 10354: 10348: 10344: 10336: 10329: 10316: 10312: 10303: 10301: 10297: 10290: 10282: 10278: 10270: 10268: 10267:on 5 April 2014 10251: 10247: 10234: 10233: 10229: 10221: 10210: 10197: 10193: 10178: 10174: 10151: 10147: 10129: 10116: 10112: 10102: 10100: 10091: 10090: 10086: 10061: 10057: 10049: 10041: 10037: 10029: 10016: 10012: 10005: 10001: 9994: 9990: 9983: 9979: 9970: 9966: 9959: 9955: 9940: 9936: 9929: 9925: 9917: 9913: 9904:on 2015-11-29. 9901: 9886: 9879: 9875: 9867: 9863: 9855: 9851: 9844: 9840: 9833: 9829: 9822: 9818: 9811: 9807: 9800: 9796: 9781: 9777: 9762: 9758: 9751: 9747: 9734: 9733: 9729: 9720: 9716: 9709: 9696: 9688: 9684: 9674: 9672: 9663: 9662: 9658: 9651: 9647: 9639: 9635: 9619: 9618: 9614: 9601: 9600: 9596: 9589: 9573: 9566: 9556:"Archived copy" 9553: 9549: 9537: 9533: 9523: 9521: 9512: 9511: 9507: 9497: 9495: 9486: 9485: 9481: 9471: 9469: 9459: 9452: 9447: 9411:(in Portuguese) 9410: 9366: 9359: 9352: 9347: 9345: 9342: 9317: 9293: 9264: 9262: 9200:Brazilian music 9196: 9095: 9059: 9047:Mário A. Perini 8998: 8942:serra amazônica 8857:insular regions 8817:southern Brazil 8709:Northern Brazil 8407:debuccalization 8379:Colonial Brazil 8267: 8226: 8197: 8183: 8137: 8135:use of personal 8118: 8083:clitic pronouns 8081: 8072: 8067: 8056: 8044:esse é meu gato 8030:, and all over 8022:(starting from 7982: 7943: 7912: 7880: 7871: 7863: 7845: 7827: 7819: 7817: 7805: 7787: 7741: 7725:Caipira dialect 7723:(mostly in the 7584:state capital, 7454: 7443: 7437: 7385: 7379:(Don't smoke). 7247: 7087:yes–no question 7027: 7015: 6953: 6907: 6885:), the palatal 6860: 6831:"harmonic" is 6809: 6791:'to kill' with 6739: 6647: 6584: 6544: 6482: 6449: 6420: 6354: 6320: 6276: 6237: 6185: 6180: 6162: 6143: 6115: 6085: 6049:nasal consonant 6005:open-mid vowels 5879: 5860: 5844: 5825: 5813: 5806: 5774: 5758: 5742: 5726: 5707: 5688: 5669: 5657: 5650: 5417: 5385: 5329: 5230: 5221: 5193: 5153: 5054: 5049: 5043: 4969: 4955:, as in, e.g., 4885: 4880: 4851: 4727:Aonde você vai? 4713:preference for 4516: 4492: 4285: 4279: 4255:Antonio Candido 4239:José de Alencar 4194: 4161: 4126:Aranese Occitan 4106: 4094:cachorro-quente 3702:che me ne frega 3275:(cf. Eur.Port. 2828:(from German), 2702:robe de chambre 2530:enfant terrible 2301:stand-up comedy 2273:(web context), 1851:("arrowroot"), 1659:(advertising), 1333:Bantu languages 1321:filho mais novo 1242:("toothless"), 1144:, who used the 1075:Pindamonhangaba 1069:Itaquaquecetuba 1035: 1021: 873: 825:Torquato Jardim 786: 733: 691: 653: 651: 451: 425: 409: 395: 381: 362: 340: 331: 329: 328: 319: 317: 316: 307: 305: 304: 295: 293: 292: 283: 281: 277: 275: 260: 258: 255: 248:Official status 243: 222: 217: 193:Florianopolitan 152: 105:Western Romance 90:Latino-Faliscan 75: 72:Language family 70: 61: 60:Native speakers 39: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 15490: 15480: 15479: 15474: 15469: 15464: 15447: 15446: 15444: 15443: 15436: 15427: 15417: 15414: 15413: 15411: 15410: 15404: 15402: 15398: 15397: 15395: 15394: 15393: 15392: 15387: 15377: 15370: 15363: 15355: 15353: 15349: 15348: 15345: 15344: 15342: 15341: 15340: 15339: 15334: 15329: 15324: 15313: 15304: 15302: 15298: 15297: 15295: 15294: 15293: 15292: 15287: 15282: 15277: 15272: 15262: 15261: 15260: 15255: 15245: 15244: 15243: 15232: 15230: 15222: 15221: 15219: 15218: 15217: 15216: 15215: 15214: 15200: 15199: 15198: 15193: 15183: 15182: 15181: 15171: 15166: 15161: 15154: 15153: 15152: 15145: 15140: 15135: 15125: 15115: 15114: 15113: 15112: 15111: 15106: 15098: 15093: 15090:Judaeo-Catalan 15086: 15085: 15084: 15079: 15074: 15073: 15072: 15067: 15057: 15049: 15036: 15034: 15026: 15025: 15022: 15021: 15019: 15018: 15012: 15005: 15003: 14999: 14998: 14996: 14995: 14994: 14993: 14979: 14974: 14973: 14972: 14962: 14954: 14952: 14948: 14947: 14945: 14944: 14937: 14936: 14935: 14930: 14925: 14920: 14919: 14918: 14913: 14908: 14903: 14898: 14897: 14896: 14879: 14878: 14877: 14872: 14871: 14870: 14860: 14859: 14858: 14845:Latin American 14841: 14836: 14824: 14822:Judaeo-Spanish 14819: 14814: 14808: 14806: 14800: 14799: 14797: 14796: 14789: 14788: 14787: 14782: 14777: 14776: 14775: 14763: 14762: 14761: 14749: 14744: 14737: 14725: 14718: 14713: 14712: 14711: 14700: 14694: 14692: 14686: 14685: 14683: 14682: 14675: 14670: 14669: 14668: 14658: 14653: 14652: 14651: 14640: 14638: 14629: 14613: 14612: 14609: 14608: 14606: 14605: 14598: 14591: 14590: 14589: 14584: 14579: 14567: 14564: 14563: 14561: 14560: 14559: 14558: 14553: 14543: 14542: 14541: 14536: 14526: 14521: 14516: 14511: 14510: 14509: 14504: 14499: 14494: 14493: 14492: 14485: 14484: 14483: 14473: 14468: 14451: 14446: 14445: 14444: 14439: 14434: 14424: 14423: 14422: 14415: 14414: 14413: 14408: 14407: 14406: 14396: 14391: 14390: 14389: 14384: 14379: 14374: 14369: 14368: 14367: 14362: 14352: 14347: 14342: 14341: 14340: 14335: 14317: 14312: 14300: 14295: 14290: 14289: 14288: 14283: 14273: 14268: 14263: 14258: 14252: 14250: 14239: 14231: 14230: 14228: 14227: 14226: 14225: 14215: 14208: 14207: 14206: 14205: 14204: 14199: 14194: 14193: 14192: 14187: 14182: 14172: 14167: 14162: 14161: 14160: 14155: 14150: 14145: 14135: 14130: 14129: 14128: 14113: 14112: 14111: 14106: 14091: 14086: 14085: 14084: 14079: 14074: 14069: 14064: 14059: 14049: 14044: 14039: 14034: 14033: 14032: 14031: 14030: 14025: 14015: 14014: 14013: 14008: 13992: 13990: 13981: 13975: 13974: 13971: 13970: 13968: 13967: 13965:Judaeo-Italian 13962: 13961: 13960: 13955: 13942: 13940: 13936: 13935: 13933: 13932: 13931: 13930: 13925: 13924: 13923: 13918: 13913: 13908: 13903: 13902: 13901: 13891: 13886: 13881: 13876: 13859: 13858: 13857: 13856: 13855: 13845: 13844: 13843: 13833: 13822: 13820: 13816: 13815: 13813: 13812: 13811: 13810: 13798: 13793: 13792: 13791: 13786: 13781: 13776: 13764: 13763: 13762: 13752: 13751: 13750: 13745: 13740: 13735: 13734: 13733: 13728: 13723: 13707: 13705: 13698: 13690: 13689: 13687: 13686: 13679: 13678: 13677: 13672: 13667: 13662: 13657: 13652: 13647: 13642: 13637: 13625: 13620: 13618:Istro-Romanian 13615: 13609: 13607: 13601: 13600: 13598: 13597: 13592: 13591: 13590: 13585: 13575: 13569: 13567: 13566:Major branches 13563: 13562: 13558:classification 13550: 13549: 13542: 13535: 13527: 13518: 13517: 13515: 13514: 13509: 13504: 13499: 13494: 13489: 13484: 13478: 13476: 13472: 13471: 13469: 13468: 13463: 13451: 13446: 13441: 13436: 13424: 13419: 13406: 13404: 13392: 13391: 13389: 13388: 13383: 13378: 13372: 13370: 13358: 13357: 13355: 13354: 13345: 13344: 13332: 13320: 13308: 13296: 13284: 13272: 13267: 13262: 13257: 13252: 13247: 13242: 13237: 13225: 13223: 13211: 13210: 13208: 13207: 13202: 13197: 13192: 13187: 13181: 13179: 13167: 13166: 13159: 13158: 13151: 13144: 13136: 13127: 13126: 13124: 13123: 13118: 13113: 13108: 13103: 13098: 13093: 13088: 13083: 13078: 13076:Haitian Creole 13073: 13068: 13063: 13058: 13053: 13048: 13042: 13040: 13036: 13035: 13033: 13032: 13027: 13022: 13020:Brazilian Sign 13016: 13014: 13013:Sign languages 13010: 13009: 13007: 13006: 13001: 12996: 12991: 12986: 12980: 12978: 12977:Interlanguages 12974: 12973: 12970: 12969: 12967: 12966: 12961: 12956: 12951: 12946: 12941: 12936: 12931: 12926: 12921: 12916: 12911: 12905: 12903: 12899: 12898: 12896: 12895: 12890: 12885: 12879: 12877: 12871: 12870: 12868: 12867: 12862: 12857: 12852: 12846: 12844: 12838: 12837: 12835: 12834: 12829: 12823: 12821: 12815: 12814: 12812: 12811: 12806: 12801: 12796: 12791: 12786: 12781: 12776: 12771: 12766: 12761: 12756: 12751: 12745: 12743: 12737: 12736: 12734: 12733: 12728: 12723: 12718: 12712: 12710: 12704: 12703: 12701: 12700: 12695: 12690: 12685: 12680: 12675: 12670: 12665: 12660: 12655: 12650: 12645: 12640: 12635: 12630: 12625: 12620: 12615: 12610: 12604: 12602: 12596: 12595: 12593: 12592: 12587: 12582: 12577: 12571: 12569: 12563: 12562: 12560: 12559: 12554: 12549: 12544: 12539: 12534: 12529: 12524: 12519: 12514: 12509: 12504: 12498: 12496: 12490: 12489: 12487: 12486: 12481: 12476: 12471: 12466: 12460: 12458: 12452: 12451: 12449: 12448: 12443: 12438: 12433: 12428: 12423: 12418: 12413: 12408: 12403: 12398: 12393: 12388: 12383: 12378: 12372: 12370: 12361: 12355: 12354: 12352: 12351: 12350: 12349: 12339: 12334: 12333: 12332: 12321: 12319: 12315: 12314: 12312: 12311: 12306: 12300: 12298: 12294: 12293: 12286: 12285: 12278: 12271: 12263: 12254: 12253: 12251: 12250: 12245: 12238: 12237: 12230: 12222: 12221: 12218: 12217: 12214: 12213: 12211: 12210: 12209: 12208: 12203: 12198: 12188: 12183: 12178: 12173: 12172: 12171: 12166: 12161: 12160: 12159: 12149: 12148: 12147: 12140: 12133: 12126: 12111: 12106: 12101: 12095: 12093: 12087: 12086: 12084: 12083: 12078: 12073: 12068: 12063: 12058: 12053: 12048: 12043: 12038: 12033: 12028: 12023: 12018: 12013: 12008: 12003: 11998: 11993: 11987: 11985: 11979: 11978: 11976: 11975: 11970: 11965: 11960: 11955: 11950: 11945: 11940: 11935: 11930: 11925: 11920: 11915: 11910: 11905: 11900: 11895: 11890: 11884: 11878: 11872: 11871: 11868: 11867: 11865: 11864: 11862:Rail transport 11858: 11856: 11850: 11849: 11847: 11846: 11841: 11836: 11831: 11826: 11821: 11813: 11808: 11803: 11798: 11793: 11788: 11783: 11778: 11773: 11767: 11761: 11755: 11754: 11751: 11750: 11748: 11747: 11742: 11737: 11732: 11727: 11722: 11717: 11712: 11711: 11710: 11708:Women's rights 11705: 11700: 11690: 11685: 11680: 11675: 11670: 11664: 11658: 11652: 11651: 11648: 11647: 11645: 11644: 11639: 11634: 11629: 11624: 11619: 11614: 11609: 11604: 11599: 11597:Largest cities 11594: 11589: 11584: 11582:Extreme points 11579: 11578: 11577: 11567: 11562: 11561: 11560: 11558:Climate change 11550: 11545: 11539: 11533: 11527: 11526: 11524: 11523: 11518: 11513: 11508: 11503: 11498: 11493: 11488: 11483: 11478: 11472: 11470: 11464: 11463: 11452: 11451: 11444: 11437: 11429: 11422: 11421: 11410: 11401: 11360: 11355: 11340: 11316: 11305: 11296: 11285: 11264: 11253: 11244: 11217: 11203: 11194: 11183: 11178: 11163: 11148: 11111: 11082: 11055: 11028: 11017: 11005: 10999: 10984: 10964:(2): 227–232. 10949: 10940: 10920: 10911: 10889:10.2307/343564 10883:(4): 862–872, 10868: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10846: 10845: 10833: 10822: 10811: 10800: 10789: 10778: 10767: 10756: 10745: 10719: 10693: 10682:on 17 May 2016 10667: 10641: 10619: 10592: 10575: 10563:Rádio Itatiaia 10550: 10525: 10500: 10472: 10449: 10408: 10368: 10342: 10310: 10276: 10245: 10227: 10191: 10172: 10169:on 2013-09-26. 10145: 10110: 10084: 10055: 10035: 10010: 9999: 9988: 9977: 9964: 9953: 9934: 9923: 9911: 9873: 9861: 9849: 9846:Andrade (1973) 9838: 9827: 9816: 9805: 9794: 9775: 9756: 9745: 9727: 9721:Noll, Volker, 9714: 9694: 9690:Chilcote (1967 9682: 9656: 9645: 9633: 9612: 9594: 9587: 9564: 9547: 9543:Language Today 9531: 9505: 9479: 9449: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9442: 9441: 9436: 9425: 9420: 9408: 9403: 9398: 9393: 9388: 9383: 9378: 9372: 9371: 9357: 9341: 9338: 9261: 9260:Language codes 9258: 9195: 9192: 9183: 9182: 9178: 9175: 9172: 9168: 9164: 9160: 9156: 9148: 9147: 9144: 9141: 9138: 9135: 9132: 9129: 9126: 9094: 9091: 9083:Guimarães Rosa 9058: 9055: 8997: 8994: 8993: 8992: 8982: 8934: 8916: 8876: 8844: 8819:. The city of 8806: 8772: 8724: 8692: 8643: 8623:dialeto neutro 8618:Belo Horizonte 8553: 8521: 8486:Espírito Santo 8482:Rio de Janeiro 8468: 8434: 8394: 8353:decreolization 8345:Belo Horizonte 8300:United Kingdom 8266: 8263: 8262: 8261: 8258: 8244: 8243: 8240: 8225: 8219: 8218: 8217: 8214: 8196: 8191: 8182: 8179: 8158: 8157: 8149: 8141: 8131: 8130: 8108: 8094: 8093: 8085: 8075: 8074: 8069: 8064: 8055: 8052: 8032:Espírito Santo 8020:Rio de Janeiro 8001:Rio de Janeiro 7981: 7978: 7942: 7933: 7911: 7908: 7905: 7904: 7901: 7898: 7895: 7889: 7888: 7885: 7882: 7877: 7874: 7866: 7865: 7860: 7857: 7851: 7848: 7840: 7839: 7836: 7833: 7830: 7822: 7821: 7814: 7811: 7808: 7800: 7799: 7796: 7793: 7790: 7782: 7781: 7773: 7765: 7757: 7749: 7740: 7737: 7710:Espírito Santo 7685:and Amazonas, 7675:Santa Catarina 7640:Santa Catarina 7593:Rio de Janeiro 7476:(possessive), 7453: 7444: 7436: 7433: 7416: 7415: 7412: 7402: 7401: 7395: 7384: 7381: 7322: 7321: 7309: 7308: 7286: 7285: 7282: 7273: 7246: 7243: 7242: 7241: 7240:"No, I don't." 7238: 7229: 7228: 7227:(" speak not") 7196: 7195: 7192: 7189: 7184: 7175: 7174: 7171: 7168: 7163: 7083: 7082: 7079: 7070: 7069: 7064: 7055: 7054: 7049: 7026: 7023: 7014: 7011: 6952: 6949: 6906: 6903: 6868:Rio de Janeiro 6859: 6856: 6808: 6805: 6738: 6735: 6646: 6643: 6583: 6580: 6570:, "Babylon" ; 6548:palatalization 6543: 6540: 6513:Belo Horizonte 6509:Rio de Janeiro 6486:palatalization 6481: 6478: 6475: 6474: 6472: 6470: 6463: 6456: 6454: 6446: 6445: 6443: 6436: 6434: 6427: 6425: 6418: 6412: 6411: 6404: 6402: 6395: 6393: 6391: 6385: 6384: 6382: 6380: 6373: 6366: 6359: 6351: 6350: 6348: 6346: 6339: 6332: 6325: 6318: 6312: 6311: 6304: 6297: 6295: 6288: 6281: 6273: 6272: 6265: 6258: 6256: 6249: 6242: 6235: 6229: 6228: 6226: 6224: 6211: 6204: 6197: 6191: 6190: 6183: 6177: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6156: 6151: 6142: 6139: 6138: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6113: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6083: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 5928: 5927: 5913: 5896: 5895: 5892: 5891: 5889: 5884: 5876: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5849: 5841: 5840: 5835: 5830: 5823: 5819: 5818: 5811: 5803: 5802: 5799: 5790: 5787: 5786: 5784: 5779: 5771: 5770: 5768: 5763: 5755: 5754: 5752: 5747: 5739: 5738: 5733: 5731: 5723: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5704: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5685: 5684: 5679: 5674: 5667: 5663: 5662: 5655: 5647: 5646: 5643: 5633: 5632: 5629: 5628: 5626: 5619: 5617: 5611: 5610: 5603: 5601: 5594: 5588: 5587: 5580: 5578: 5571: 5565: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5549: 5540: 5537: 5536: 5534: 5527: 5525: 5519: 5518: 5511: 5504: 5497: 5491: 5490: 5483: 5481: 5474: 5468: 5467: 5460: 5458: 5451: 5445: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5416: 5413: 5384: 5381: 5328: 5325: 5321: 5320: 5314: 5306: 5305: 5299: 5280: 5279: 5266:past perfect: 5264: 5249: 5229: 5226: 5220: 5217: 5192: 5189: 5152: 5149: 5062:object pronoun 5053: 5050: 5045:Main article: 5042: 5039: 4968: 4965: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4850: 4847: 4846: 4845: 4841: 4821: 4795: 4768: 4741: 4730: 4711: 4668: 4641: 4626: 4603: 4588: 4573: 4555: 4544: 4515: 4512: 4491: 4488: 4486:("eggplant"). 4278: 4275: 4259:Autran Dourado 4193: 4192:Formal writing 4190: 4160: 4157: 4105: 4102: 4096:(from English 3849:(from English 3755:byó bu sukurín 3493:(from marshal 3381:(also spelled 3335:, from French 3319:, from French 2854:maître d'hôtel 2770:avant-première 2403: 2402: 2359:("cocktail"), 2353:picape/pick-up 2241:("blackout"), 2221:(hybrid, also 2211:make-up artist 1787: 1774:("knockout"), 1664: 1515: 1480:picape/pick-up 1470:, "sleeper"), 1355:), and (2) by 1329: 1328: 1297: 1278: 1255: 1246:("buttocks"), 1236: 1209: 1184: 1020: 1017: 987:Santa Catarina 947:Rio de Janeiro 872: 869: 785: 782: 693: 692: 690: 689: 682: 675: 667: 664: 663: 662: 661: 646: 645: 644: 643: 638: 633: 628: 623: 618: 610: 609: 605: 604: 603: 602: 597: 592: 587: 582: 577: 576: 575: 570: 565: 557: 552: 547: 542: 537: 532: 527: 519: 518: 514: 513: 512: 511: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 481: 476: 471: 463: 462: 458: 457: 447: 446: 440: 439: 427: 426: 421: 413: 412: 407: 401: 400: 393: 387: 386: 379: 371: 370: 367: 359: 358: 357:Language codes 354: 353: 348: 342: 341: 280: 278: 273: 270: 269: 256: 253: 250: 249: 245: 244: 242: 241: 236: 225: 223: 219:Writing system 216: 213: 212: 211: 210: 205: 200: 195: 190: 185: 180: 175: 170: 165: 158: 154: 153: 151: 150: 149: 148: 147: 146: 145: 144: 143: 142: 141: 140: 139: 138: 137: 136: 135: 134: 133: 132: 78: 76: 69: 66: 65: 62: 59: 56: 55: 50: 49:Native to 46: 45: 31: 30: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 15489: 15478: 15475: 15473: 15470: 15468: 15465: 15463: 15460: 15459: 15457: 15441: 15437: 15435: 15431: 15428: 15426: 15422: 15419: 15418: 15415: 15409: 15408:Proto-Romance 15406: 15405: 15403: 15401:Reconstructed 15399: 15391: 15388: 15386: 15383: 15382: 15381: 15378: 15376: 15375: 15371: 15369: 15368: 15367:British Latin 15364: 15362: 15361: 15357: 15356: 15354: 15350: 15338: 15335: 15333: 15330: 15328: 15325: 15323: 15320: 15319: 15317: 15314: 15311: 15310: 15306: 15305: 15303: 15299: 15291: 15288: 15286: 15283: 15281: 15278: 15276: 15273: 15271: 15268: 15267: 15266: 15263: 15259: 15256: 15254: 15251: 15250: 15249: 15246: 15242: 15239: 15238: 15237: 15234: 15233: 15231: 15229: 15223: 15213: 15212: 15208: 15207: 15206: 15205: 15201: 15197: 15194: 15192: 15189: 15188: 15187: 15186:Vivaro-Alpine 15184: 15180: 15177: 15176: 15175: 15172: 15170: 15167: 15165: 15162: 15160: 15159: 15155: 15151: 15150: 15146: 15144: 15141: 15139: 15136: 15134: 15131: 15130: 15129: 15126: 15124: 15121: 15120: 15119: 15116: 15110: 15107: 15105: 15102: 15101: 15099: 15097: 15094: 15092: 15091: 15087: 15083: 15080: 15078: 15075: 15071: 15068: 15066: 15063: 15062: 15061: 15058: 15056: 15053: 15052: 15050: 15048: 15045: 15044: 15043: 15042: 15038: 15037: 15035: 15033: 15027: 15016: 15013: 15010: 15007: 15006: 15004: 15000: 14992: 14991: 14990:Old Navarrese 14987: 14986: 14985: 14984: 14980: 14978: 14975: 14971: 14968: 14967: 14966: 14963: 14961: 14960: 14956: 14955: 14953: 14949: 14943: 14942: 14938: 14934: 14931: 14929: 14926: 14924: 14921: 14917: 14914: 14912: 14909: 14907: 14904: 14902: 14899: 14895: 14892: 14891: 14890: 14887: 14886: 14885: 14884: 14880: 14876: 14873: 14869: 14866: 14865: 14864: 14861: 14857: 14854: 14853: 14852: 14849: 14848: 14847: 14846: 14842: 14840: 14839:Equatoguinean 14837: 14835: 14832: 14831: 14830: 14829: 14825: 14823: 14820: 14818: 14815: 14813: 14810: 14809: 14807: 14805: 14801: 14795: 14794: 14790: 14786: 14783: 14781: 14778: 14774: 14771: 14770: 14769: 14768: 14764: 14760: 14757: 14756: 14755: 14754: 14750: 14748: 14745: 14743: 14742: 14738: 14736: 14733: 14732: 14731: 14730: 14726: 14724: 14723: 14719: 14717: 14714: 14709: 14706: 14705: 14704: 14701: 14699: 14696: 14695: 14693: 14691: 14687: 14681: 14680: 14676: 14674: 14671: 14667: 14664: 14663: 14662: 14659: 14657: 14654: 14650: 14647: 14646: 14645: 14642: 14641: 14639: 14637: 14633: 14630: 14627: 14620: 14614: 14604: 14603: 14599: 14597: 14596: 14592: 14588: 14585: 14583: 14580: 14578: 14575: 14574: 14572: 14569: 14568: 14565: 14557: 14554: 14552: 14549: 14548: 14547: 14544: 14540: 14537: 14535: 14532: 14531: 14530: 14527: 14525: 14522: 14520: 14517: 14515: 14512: 14508: 14505: 14503: 14500: 14498: 14495: 14491: 14490: 14486: 14482: 14479: 14478: 14477: 14474: 14472: 14469: 14467: 14466: 14462: 14461: 14460: 14457: 14456: 14455: 14452: 14450: 14447: 14443: 14440: 14438: 14435: 14433: 14430: 14429: 14428: 14425: 14421: 14420: 14416: 14412: 14409: 14405: 14402: 14401: 14400: 14397: 14395: 14392: 14388: 14385: 14383: 14380: 14378: 14375: 14373: 14370: 14366: 14363: 14361: 14358: 14357: 14356: 14353: 14351: 14348: 14346: 14343: 14339: 14336: 14334: 14331: 14330: 14329: 14326: 14325: 14324: 14321: 14320: 14318: 14316: 14313: 14311: 14308: 14307: 14306: 14305: 14301: 14299: 14296: 14294: 14293:Frainc-Comtou 14291: 14287: 14284: 14282: 14279: 14278: 14277: 14274: 14272: 14269: 14267: 14264: 14262: 14259: 14257: 14254: 14253: 14251: 14249: 14243: 14240: 14238: 14232: 14224: 14221: 14220: 14219: 14216: 14214: 14213: 14209: 14203: 14200: 14198: 14195: 14191: 14188: 14186: 14183: 14181: 14178: 14177: 14176: 14173: 14171: 14168: 14166: 14163: 14159: 14156: 14154: 14151: 14149: 14146: 14144: 14141: 14140: 14139: 14136: 14134: 14131: 14127: 14124: 14123: 14122: 14119: 14118: 14117: 14114: 14110: 14107: 14105: 14102: 14101: 14100: 14097: 14096: 14095: 14092: 14090: 14089:Judeo-Italian 14087: 14083: 14080: 14078: 14075: 14073: 14070: 14068: 14065: 14063: 14060: 14058: 14055: 14054: 14053: 14050: 14048: 14045: 14043: 14040: 14038: 14035: 14029: 14026: 14024: 14021: 14020: 14019: 14016: 14012: 14009: 14007: 14004: 14003: 14002: 13999: 13998: 13997: 13994: 13993: 13991: 13989: 13985: 13982: 13980: 13976: 13966: 13963: 13959: 13956: 13954: 13953: 13949: 13948: 13947: 13944: 13943: 13941: 13937: 13929: 13926: 13922: 13919: 13917: 13914: 13912: 13909: 13907: 13904: 13900: 13897: 13896: 13895: 13892: 13890: 13887: 13885: 13884:Castelmezzano 13882: 13880: 13877: 13875: 13872: 13871: 13870: 13869: 13865: 13864: 13863: 13860: 13854: 13851: 13850: 13849: 13846: 13842: 13839: 13838: 13837: 13834: 13832: 13829: 13828: 13827: 13824: 13823: 13821: 13817: 13809: 13806: 13805: 13804: 13803: 13799: 13797: 13794: 13790: 13789:Swiss Italian 13787: 13785: 13782: 13780: 13777: 13775: 13772: 13771: 13770: 13769: 13765: 13761: 13758: 13757: 13756: 13753: 13749: 13746: 13744: 13741: 13739: 13736: 13732: 13729: 13727: 13724: 13722: 13719: 13718: 13717: 13714: 13713: 13712: 13709: 13708: 13706: 13702: 13699: 13697: 13691: 13685: 13684: 13680: 13676: 13673: 13671: 13670:Transylvanian 13668: 13666: 13663: 13661: 13658: 13656: 13653: 13651: 13648: 13646: 13643: 13641: 13638: 13636: 13633: 13632: 13631: 13630: 13629:Daco-Romanian 13626: 13624: 13621: 13619: 13616: 13614: 13611: 13610: 13608: 13606: 13602: 13596: 13593: 13589: 13586: 13584: 13581: 13580: 13579: 13578:Italo-Western 13576: 13574: 13571: 13570: 13568: 13564: 13559: 13555: 13548: 13543: 13541: 13536: 13534: 13529: 13528: 13525: 13513: 13510: 13508: 13505: 13503: 13500: 13498: 13495: 13493: 13490: 13488: 13485: 13483: 13480: 13479: 13477: 13473: 13467: 13464: 13460: 13455: 13452: 13450: 13447: 13445: 13442: 13440: 13437: 13433: 13428: 13425: 13423: 13420: 13416: 13411: 13408: 13407: 13405: 13401: 13393: 13387: 13384: 13382: 13379: 13377: 13376:East Timorese 13374: 13373: 13371: 13367: 13359: 13353: 13350: 13347: 13346: 13341: 13336: 13333: 13329: 13324: 13321: 13317: 13312: 13309: 13305: 13300: 13297: 13293: 13288: 13285: 13281: 13276: 13273: 13271: 13268: 13266: 13263: 13261: 13258: 13256: 13253: 13251: 13248: 13246: 13243: 13241: 13238: 13236: 13233: 13231: 13227: 13226: 13224: 13220: 13212: 13206: 13203: 13201: 13198: 13196: 13193: 13191: 13188: 13186: 13183: 13182: 13180: 13176: 13168: 13164: 13157: 13152: 13150: 13145: 13143: 13138: 13137: 13134: 13122: 13119: 13117: 13114: 13112: 13109: 13107: 13104: 13102: 13099: 13097: 13094: 13092: 13089: 13087: 13084: 13082: 13079: 13077: 13074: 13072: 13069: 13067: 13064: 13062: 13059: 13057: 13054: 13052: 13049: 13047: 13044: 13043: 13041: 13037: 13031: 13028: 13026: 13023: 13021: 13018: 13017: 13015: 13011: 13005: 13002: 13000: 12997: 12995: 12992: 12990: 12987: 12985: 12982: 12981: 12979: 12975: 12965: 12962: 12960: 12957: 12955: 12952: 12950: 12947: 12945: 12942: 12940: 12937: 12935: 12932: 12930: 12927: 12925: 12922: 12920: 12917: 12915: 12912: 12910: 12907: 12906: 12904: 12900: 12894: 12891: 12889: 12886: 12884: 12881: 12880: 12878: 12876: 12872: 12866: 12863: 12861: 12858: 12856: 12853: 12851: 12848: 12847: 12845: 12843: 12839: 12833: 12830: 12828: 12825: 12824: 12822: 12820: 12816: 12810: 12807: 12805: 12802: 12800: 12797: 12795: 12792: 12790: 12787: 12785: 12782: 12780: 12777: 12775: 12772: 12770: 12767: 12765: 12762: 12760: 12757: 12755: 12752: 12750: 12747: 12746: 12744: 12742: 12738: 12732: 12729: 12727: 12724: 12722: 12719: 12717: 12714: 12713: 12711: 12709: 12705: 12699: 12696: 12694: 12691: 12689: 12686: 12684: 12681: 12679: 12676: 12674: 12671: 12669: 12666: 12664: 12661: 12659: 12656: 12654: 12651: 12649: 12646: 12644: 12641: 12639: 12636: 12634: 12631: 12629: 12626: 12624: 12621: 12619: 12616: 12614: 12611: 12609: 12606: 12605: 12603: 12601: 12597: 12591: 12588: 12586: 12583: 12581: 12578: 12576: 12573: 12572: 12570: 12568: 12564: 12558: 12555: 12553: 12550: 12548: 12545: 12543: 12540: 12538: 12535: 12533: 12530: 12528: 12525: 12523: 12520: 12518: 12515: 12513: 12510: 12508: 12505: 12503: 12500: 12499: 12497: 12495: 12491: 12485: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12472: 12470: 12467: 12465: 12462: 12461: 12459: 12457: 12453: 12447: 12444: 12442: 12439: 12437: 12434: 12432: 12429: 12427: 12424: 12422: 12419: 12417: 12414: 12412: 12409: 12407: 12404: 12402: 12399: 12397: 12394: 12392: 12389: 12387: 12384: 12382: 12379: 12377: 12374: 12373: 12371: 12369: 12365: 12362: 12356: 12348: 12345: 12344: 12343: 12340: 12338: 12335: 12331: 12328: 12327: 12326: 12323: 12322: 12320: 12316: 12310: 12307: 12305: 12302: 12301: 12299: 12295: 12291: 12284: 12279: 12277: 12272: 12270: 12265: 12264: 12261: 12249: 12246: 12244: 12241: 12240: 12235: 12231: 12228: 12224: 12223: 12219: 12207: 12204: 12202: 12199: 12197: 12194: 12193: 12192: 12189: 12187: 12184: 12182: 12179: 12177: 12174: 12170: 12169:Protestantism 12167: 12165: 12162: 12157: 12153: 12152: 12150: 12145: 12141: 12138: 12134: 12131: 12127: 12124: 12120: 12119: 12118: 12115: 12114: 12113:Christianity 12112: 12110: 12107: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12097: 12096: 12094: 12092: 12088: 12082: 12079: 12077: 12074: 12072: 12069: 12067: 12064: 12062: 12059: 12057: 12054: 12052: 12049: 12047: 12044: 12042: 12039: 12037: 12034: 12032: 12029: 12027: 12024: 12022: 12019: 12017: 12014: 12012: 12009: 12007: 12004: 12002: 11999: 11997: 11994: 11992: 11989: 11988: 11986: 11984: 11980: 11974: 11971: 11969: 11966: 11964: 11961: 11959: 11956: 11954: 11953:States by HDI 11951: 11949: 11948:Social issues 11946: 11944: 11941: 11939: 11936: 11934: 11931: 11929: 11926: 11924: 11921: 11919: 11916: 11914: 11911: 11909: 11906: 11904: 11901: 11899: 11896: 11894: 11891: 11889: 11886: 11885: 11882: 11879: 11877: 11873: 11863: 11860: 11859: 11857: 11855: 11851: 11845: 11842: 11840: 11837: 11835: 11832: 11830: 11827: 11825: 11822: 11820: 11814: 11812: 11809: 11807: 11804: 11802: 11799: 11797: 11794: 11792: 11789: 11787: 11784: 11782: 11779: 11777: 11774: 11772: 11769: 11768: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11756: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11738: 11736: 11733: 11731: 11728: 11726: 11723: 11721: 11718: 11716: 11713: 11709: 11706: 11704: 11701: 11699: 11696: 11695: 11694: 11691: 11689: 11686: 11684: 11681: 11679: 11676: 11674: 11671: 11669: 11666: 11665: 11662: 11659: 11657: 11653: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11628: 11625: 11623: 11620: 11618: 11615: 11613: 11610: 11608: 11605: 11603: 11600: 11598: 11595: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11585: 11583: 11580: 11576: 11573: 11572: 11571: 11568: 11566: 11563: 11559: 11556: 11555: 11554: 11551: 11549: 11546: 11544: 11541: 11540: 11537: 11534: 11532: 11528: 11522: 11519: 11517: 11514: 11512: 11509: 11507: 11504: 11502: 11499: 11497: 11494: 11492: 11489: 11487: 11484: 11482: 11479: 11477: 11474: 11473: 11471: 11469: 11465: 11461: 11457: 11450: 11445: 11443: 11438: 11436: 11431: 11430: 11427: 11418: 11417: 11411: 11407: 11402: 11398: 11392: 11385:on 2016-03-04 11381: 11377: 11370: 11368: 11361: 11358: 11356:9780486148069 11352: 11348: 11347: 11341: 11337: 11331: 11323: 11322: 11317: 11313: 11312: 11306: 11302: 11297: 11293: 11292: 11286: 11277:on 2012-09-06 11276: 11272: 11271: 11265: 11261: 11260: 11254: 11250: 11245: 11236:on 2008-12-19 11232: 11225: 11224: 11218: 11211: 11210: 11204: 11200: 11195: 11191: 11190: 11184: 11181: 11179:9780521359405 11175: 11171: 11170: 11164: 11161:on 2009-02-28 11160: 11156: 11155: 11149: 11145: 11139: 11132:on 2011-09-03 11128: 11124: 11117: 11112: 11108: 11104: 11100: 11096: 11092: 11088: 11083: 11080:on 2015-01-12 11076: 11072: 11068: 11061: 11056: 11051: 11046: 11042: 11038: 11034: 11029: 11025: 11024: 11018: 11014: 11010: 11006: 11002: 10996: 10992: 10991: 10985: 10981: 10977: 10972: 10967: 10963: 10959: 10955: 10950: 10946: 10941: 10937: 10933: 10926: 10921: 10917: 10912: 10903:on 2006-02-12 10902: 10898: 10894: 10890: 10886: 10882: 10878: 10874: 10869: 10865: 10861: 10856: 10855: 10843: 10837: 10831: 10826: 10820: 10815: 10809: 10804: 10798: 10793: 10787: 10782: 10776: 10771: 10765: 10760: 10754: 10749: 10733: 10729: 10723: 10707: 10703: 10697: 10681: 10677: 10671: 10655: 10651: 10645: 10629: 10623: 10607: 10603: 10596: 10589: 10585: 10579: 10564: 10560: 10554: 10539: 10535: 10529: 10514: 10510: 10504: 10490: 10483: 10476: 10460: 10453: 10445: 10441: 10436: 10431: 10427: 10423: 10419: 10412: 10398:on 2017-10-11 10394: 10390: 10386: 10379: 10372: 10364: 10360: 10353: 10346: 10339:on 2014-02-01 10335: 10327: 10323: 10322: 10314: 10300:on 2017-10-11 10296: 10289: 10288: 10280: 10266: 10262: 10258: 10257: 10249: 10241: 10237: 10231: 10220: 10216: 10208: 10204: 10203: 10195: 10187: 10183: 10176: 10168: 10164: 10160: 10156: 10149: 10140: 10135: 10127: 10123: 10122: 10114: 10098: 10094: 10088: 10079: 10074: 10070: 10066: 10059: 10048: 10047: 10039: 10027: 10023: 10022: 10014: 10008: 10003: 9997: 9996:Santos (2010) 9992: 9986: 9981: 9974: 9968: 9962: 9957: 9949: 9945: 9938: 9932: 9927: 9920: 9915: 9908: 9900: 9896: 9892: 9884: 9877: 9870: 9865: 9858: 9853: 9847: 9842: 9836: 9831: 9825: 9820: 9814: 9813:Orsini (2004) 9809: 9803: 9802:Pontes (1987) 9798: 9790: 9786: 9785:"O dito-cujo" 9779: 9771: 9767: 9760: 9754: 9749: 9741: 9737: 9731: 9724: 9718: 9712: 9707: 9705: 9703: 9701: 9699: 9691: 9686: 9670: 9666: 9660: 9654: 9649: 9642: 9637: 9631: 9626: 9622: 9616: 9608: 9604: 9598: 9590: 9584: 9580: 9579: 9571: 9569: 9561: 9557: 9551: 9544: 9540: 9535: 9519: 9515: 9509: 9493: 9489: 9483: 9468: 9464: 9457: 9455: 9450: 9440: 9437: 9434: 9430: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9415: 9409: 9407: 9404: 9402: 9399: 9397: 9394: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9384: 9382: 9379: 9377: 9374: 9373: 9369: 9363: 9358: 9355: 9354:Brazil portal 9344: 9337: 9335: 9331: 9328:, defined by 9327: 9323: 9322:language code 9315: 9313: 9309: 9308:ISO standards 9306:, defined by 9305: 9304: 9299: 9298:language code 9291: 9288: 9286: 9282: 9278: 9277:ISO standards 9275:, defined by 9274: 9270: 9269:language code 9257: 9255: 9251: 9247: 9242: 9240: 9236: 9232: 9228: 9224: 9220: 9215: 9213: 9209: 9205: 9201: 9191: 9189: 9179: 9176: 9173: 9169: 9165: 9163:now and then. 9161: 9157: 9153: 9152: 9151: 9145: 9142: 9139: 9136: 9133: 9130: 9127: 9124: 9123: 9122: 9119: 9114: 9110: 9106: 9102: 9099: 9090: 9088: 9084: 9080: 9076: 9072: 9067: 9063: 9054: 9052: 9048: 9044: 9042: 9038: 9034: 9030: 9025: 9023: 9015: 9010: 9002: 8990: 8986: 8983: 8980: 8976: 8972: 8968: 8964: 8960: 8956: 8952: 8948: 8944: 8943: 8938: 8935: 8932: 8928: 8924: 8920: 8917: 8914: 8910: 8906: 8902: 8898: 8894: 8890: 8886: 8882: 8881: 8877: 8874: 8870: 8866: 8862: 8858: 8854: 8853:Florianópolis 8850: 8849: 8845: 8842: 8838: 8834: 8830: 8826: 8825:Florianópolis 8822: 8818: 8814: 8810: 8807: 8804: 8800: 8796: 8792: 8788: 8784: 8780: 8776: 8773: 8770: 8766: 8762: 8758: 8754: 8750: 8746: 8742: 8738: 8734: 8730: 8729: 8725: 8722: 8718: 8714: 8710: 8706: 8702: 8701: 8699: 8693: 8690: 8686: 8682: 8678: 8674: 8670: 8666: 8662: 8658: 8654: 8653: 8648: 8644: 8641: 8637: 8633: 8629: 8625: 8624: 8619: 8615: 8611: 8607: 8603: 8602: 8597: 8596: 8591: 8587: 8583: 8579: 8575: 8571: 8567: 8563: 8559: 8558: 8554: 8551: 8547: 8543: 8539: 8535: 8532:, similar to 8531: 8527: 8526: 8522: 8519: 8515: 8511: 8507: 8503: 8499: 8495: 8491: 8487: 8483: 8479: 8478: 8473: 8469: 8464: 8456: 8450: 8446: 8443:. Similar to 8442: 8438: 8435: 8432: 8428: 8424: 8420: 8416: 8412: 8408: 8404: 8403: 8399: 8395: 8392: 8388: 8384: 8380: 8376: 8375: 8370: 8366: 8365:lingua franca 8362: 8358: 8354: 8350: 8346: 8342: 8338: 8334: 8330: 8326: 8322: 8318: 8314: 8310: 8309: 8305: 8304: 8303: 8301: 8297: 8296:United States 8293: 8289: 8284: 8280: 8271: 8259: 8256: 8253: 8252: 8251: 8249: 8241: 8238: 8237:Fui na praça. 8235: 8234: 8233: 8231: 8223: 8215: 8212: 8209: 8208: 8207: 8205: 8201: 8195: 8190: 8188: 8178: 8174: 8172: 8168: 8167: 8166:que eu te amo 8156: 8155:"I saw she." 8153: 8148: 8147:"I her saw." 8145: 8140: 8136: 8133: 8132: 8129: 8125: 8121: 8116: 8112: 8107: 8103: 8099: 8096: 8095: 8092: 8089: 8084: 8080: 8076: 8073:(colloquial) 8070: 8065: 8063: 8062: 8059: 8051: 8047: 8045: 8041: 8037: 8033: 8029: 8025: 8021: 8016: 8014: 8010: 8006: 8002: 7997: 7995: 7991: 7987: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7967: 7962: 7960: 7956: 7952: 7948: 7941: 7937: 7932: 7930: 7926: 7922: 7918: 7902: 7899: 7894: 7891: 7890: 7886: 7883: 7878: 7875: 7873: 7868: 7867: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7842: 7841: 7837: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7823: 7815: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7801: 7797: 7794: 7789: 7784: 7783: 7780: 7774: 7772: 7766: 7764: 7758: 7756: 7750: 7748: 7747: 7744: 7736: 7734: 7730: 7726: 7722: 7717: 7715: 7711: 7707: 7703: 7699: 7694: 7692: 7688: 7684: 7680: 7676: 7672: 7668: 7664: 7660: 7655: 7653: 7649: 7645: 7642:, and in the 7641: 7637: 7633: 7629: 7625: 7621: 7616: 7614: 7610: 7606: 7602: 7598: 7594: 7589: 7587: 7583: 7579: 7574: 7572: 7568: 7564: 7560: 7556: 7552: 7547: 7545: 7541: 7537: 7533: 7529: 7525: 7521: 7517: 7512: 7510: 7506: 7502: 7498: 7495:with subject 7494: 7489: 7487: 7483: 7479: 7475: 7467: 7463: 7459: 7452: 7448: 7442: 7432: 7430: 7426: 7422: 7413: 7410: 7407: 7406: 7405: 7400:'that (one)' 7399: 7396: 7393: 7390: 7389: 7388: 7380: 7378: 7374: 7368: 7365: 7364:present tense 7362: 7357: 7355: 7351: 7347: 7343: 7339: 7335: 7331: 7327: 7319: 7317: 7311: 7310: 7307: 7304: 7302: 7296: 7295: 7294: 7292: 7283: 7281: 7279: 7274: 7272: 7270: 7265: 7264: 7263: 7261: 7257: 7252: 7239: 7236: 7235: 7234: 7233: 7226: 7223: 7222: 7221: 7220: 7216: 7214: 7210: 7208: 7204: 7199: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7179: 7178: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7158: 7157: 7156: 7152: 7150: 7145: 7143: 7139: 7134: 7132: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7117: 7115: 7110: 7109: 7105: 7103: 7099: 7095: 7092: 7088: 7080: 7077: 7076: 7075: 7074: 7068: 7065: 7063: 7060: 7059: 7058: 7053: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7044: 7043: 7042: 7038: 7036: 7032: 7022: 7020: 7010: 7007: 7002: 7001:second-person 6998: 6990: 6986: 6982: 6978: 6974: 6970: 6966: 6962: 6957: 6948: 6943: 6936: 6902: 6884: 6880: 6875: 6873: 6869: 6855: 6853: 6849: 6844: 6842: 6838: 6834: 6830: 6804: 6802: 6800: 6794: 6793:matar o tempo 6790: 6785: 6774: 6772: 6764: 6760: 6756: 6752: 6734: 6731: 6727: 6718: 6716: 6712: 6708: 6704: 6700: 6696: 6692: 6688: 6684: 6680: 6676: 6672: 6664: 6642: 6640: 6636: 6628: 6620: 6617:. Similarly, 6612: 6607: 6605: 6601: 6597: 6579: 6578:, "sandal" . 6577: 6573: 6569: 6565: 6549: 6539: 6537: 6533: 6529: 6524: 6522: 6518: 6514: 6510: 6505: 6503: 6487: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6464: 6461: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6448: 6447: 6444: 6441: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6419: 6417: 6413: 6409: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6396: 6394: 6392: 6390: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6374: 6371: 6367: 6364: 6360: 6357: 6353: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6340: 6337: 6333: 6330: 6326: 6323: 6319: 6317: 6313: 6309: 6305: 6302: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6289: 6286: 6282: 6279: 6275: 6274: 6270: 6266: 6263: 6259: 6257: 6254: 6250: 6247: 6243: 6240: 6236: 6234: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6216: 6212: 6209: 6205: 6202: 6198: 6196: 6192: 6188: 6184: 6179: 6178: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6149: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6117: 6116: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6087: 6086: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6057: 6056: 6054: 6050: 6046: 6042: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6026: 6022: 6018: 6013: 6008: 6006: 6002: 5998: 5993: 5991: 5987: 5983: 5979: 5975: 5971: 5967: 5962: 5960: 5954: 5948: 5943: 5941: 5935: 5933: 5922: 5914: 5908: 5900: 5899: 5890: 5885: 5878: 5877: 5871: 5866: 5859: 5858: 5855: 5850: 5843: 5842: 5836: 5831: 5824: 5820: 5812: 5805: 5804: 5797: 5791: 5785: 5780: 5773: 5772: 5769: 5764: 5757: 5756: 5753: 5748: 5741: 5740: 5734: 5732: 5725: 5724: 5718: 5713: 5706: 5705: 5699: 5694: 5687: 5686: 5680: 5675: 5668: 5664: 5656: 5649: 5648: 5641: 5635: 5634: 5627: 5624: 5620: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5612: 5608: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5589: 5585: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5566: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5547: 5544:Nasal vowels 5541: 5535: 5532: 5528: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5520: 5516: 5512: 5509: 5505: 5502: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5492: 5488: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5469: 5465: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5446: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5427: 5421: 5420: 5412: 5410: 5406: 5402: 5398: 5394: 5390: 5377: 5373: 5369: 5365: 5361: 5354: 5349: 5342: 5338: 5335:Books on the 5333: 5324: 5319: 5315: 5312: 5308: 5307: 5304: 5300: 5298:(he had sung) 5297: 5293: 5292: 5291: 5289: 5285: 5277: 5273: 5269: 5265: 5263:+ infinitive) 5262: 5258: 5254: 5251:conditional: 5250: 5248:+ infinitive) 5247: 5243: 5242:eu vou cantar 5239: 5235: 5234: 5233: 5225: 5216: 5214: 5210: 5209:Jânio Quadros 5206: 5202: 5201:Eu dar-lhe-ia 5198: 5188: 5186: 5182: 5178: 5174: 5170: 5166: 5162: 5158: 5148: 5146: 5142: 5138: 5134: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5097: 5095: 5091: 5087: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5071: 5067: 5063: 5058: 5048: 5038: 5036: 5032: 5028: 5024: 5019: 5017: 5013: 5009: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4992: 4990: 4989: 4985: 4980: 4978: 4972: 4964: 4962: 4958: 4954: 4949: 4947: 4943: 4937: 4933: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4903: 4898: 4894: 4890: 4872: 4867: 4860: 4855: 4842: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4822: 4819: 4815: 4811: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4796: 4793: 4789: 4786:("hide it"), 4785: 4781: 4778:). Examples: 4777: 4773: 4769: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4742: 4739: 4735: 4734:Cadê o carro? 4731: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4716: 4712: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4669: 4666: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4646: 4642: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4624: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4586: 4582: 4579:or even just 4578: 4574: 4572: 4568: 4565:("to have"): 4564: 4560: 4556: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4543:("we were")); 4542: 4541:nós estávamos 4538: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4522: 4521: 4520: 4511: 4507: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4487: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4460: 4457: 4453: 4449: 4445: 4442:) or closed ( 4441: 4437: 4434:may be open ( 4433: 4429: 4425: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4410:, such as BP 4409: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4392: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4361: 4359: 4355: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4274: 4272: 4268: 4264: 4263:Rubem Fonseca 4260: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4208: 4206: 4201: 4199: 4189: 4187: 4181: 4177: 4175: 4170: 4166: 4156: 4154: 4150: 4145: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4121: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4101: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4078: 4076: 4072: 4071: 4070:tai chi chuan 4066: 4062: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4040: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4016: 4013:("grandma"); 4012: 4008: 4004: 4003: 3998: 3997: 3992: 3991: 3986: 3982: 3981: 3976: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3943: 3938: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3885: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3856: 3852: 3848: 3847: 3842: 3838: 3834: 3830: 3826: 3825: 3820: 3819: 3814: 3813: 3808: 3807: 3802: 3798: 3797: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3776: 3772: 3768: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3731: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3713: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3634: 3629: 3628: 3623: 3622: 3617: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3544: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3519: 3517: 3511: 3506: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3409:, Osterbaum, 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3355: 3353: 3349: 3344: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3317:hora de ponta 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3261: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2538:patati-patata 2535: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2486:boîte de nuit 2483: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2414:hors-concours 2410: 2408: 2400: 2399: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2349:monster truck 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2329:backing vocal 2326: 2322: 2321: 2316: 2315: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2277: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2223:brilho labial 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2119: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2065:leather (dad) 2062: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2041: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2023: 2018: 2017: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1995: 1990: 1989: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1923: 1918: 1917: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1891: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1875:("boycott"), 1874: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1797: 1792: 1788: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1742:(Formula 1), 1741: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1704: 1699: 1698: 1693: 1692: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1670: 1665: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1593: 1592:merchandising 1588: 1584: 1580: 1579:telemarketing 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1436: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1410: 1405: 1404: 1403: 1399: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1376: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1276: 1272: 1271: 1266: 1265: 1260: 1256: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1234: 1233: 1228: 1227: 1222: 1221: 1216: 1215: 1210: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1194: 1189: 1185: 1182: 1181: 1176: 1175: 1170: 1169: 1164: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1156: 1152: 1149: 1148: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1094: 1089: 1088: 1083: 1082: 1078: 1076: 1072: 1070: 1065: 1064:Tupi language 1060: 1057: 1054: 1050: 1045: 1041: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1016: 1014: 1013: 1008: 1004: 998: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 972: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 939: 937: 936:Lingua Franca 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 912: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 886: 885:lingua franca 882: 878: 865: 860: 853: 849: 845: 838: 833: 826: 822: 818: 813: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 781: 779: 774: 772: 769:In 1990, the 767: 765: 761: 757: 753: 731: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 708: 703: 700:(Portuguese: 699: 688: 683: 681: 676: 674: 669: 668: 666: 665: 660: 650: 649: 648: 647: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 613: 612: 611: 607: 606: 601: 598: 596: 593: 591: 588: 586: 583: 581: 578: 574: 571: 569: 566: 564: 561: 560: 558: 556: 553: 551: 548: 546: 543: 541: 538: 536: 533: 531: 528: 526: 523: 522: 521: 520: 516: 515: 510: 507: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 485: 482: 480: 477: 475: 472: 470: 467: 466: 465: 464: 460: 459: 449: 448: 445: 442: 441: 437: 433: 432: 424: 419: 414: 408: 406: 402: 398: 394: 392: 388: 384: 380: 378: 377: 372: 368: 365: 360: 355: 352: 349: 347: 343: 339: 327: 315: 303: 291: 290:French Guiana 279: 271: 268: 257: 251: 246: 240: 237: 234: 230: 227: 226: 224: 220: 214: 209: 206: 204: 201: 199: 196: 194: 191: 189: 186: 184: 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 169: 166: 164: 161: 160: 159: 155: 131: 128: 127: 126: 123: 122: 121: 118: 117: 116: 113: 112: 111: 110:Ibero-Romance 108: 107: 106: 103: 102: 101: 98: 97: 96: 93: 92: 91: 88: 87: 86: 83: 82: 81: 80:Indo-European 77: 73: 67: 63: 57: 54: 51: 47: 43: 37: 32: 27: 22: 15429: 15420: 15372: 15365: 15358: 15307: 15209: 15202: 15164:Languedocien 15156: 15149:Judeo-Gascon 15147: 15088: 15039: 15009:Barranquenho 14988: 14981: 14957: 14939: 14881: 14843: 14826: 14817:Extremaduran 14791: 14765: 14752: 14751: 14739: 14727: 14720: 14677: 14636:Asturleonese 14600: 14593: 14551:West Walloon 14539:Saintongeais 14487: 14463: 14459:Anglo-Norman 14417: 14350:Newfoundland 14310:Jersey Legal 14302: 14210: 14175:Southwestern 14158:Vallassinese 14047:Gallo-Picene 13988:Gallo-Italic 13950: 13866: 13861: 13800: 13766: 13681: 13627: 13454:Transmontano 13348: 13229: 13228: 13219:Pan-American 13214:Pan-American 13190:Cape Verdean 13039:Non-official 13025:Ka'apor Sign 12608:Akwẽ-Xerénte 12401:Enawenê-Nawê 12303: 11958:Unemployment 11908:Demographics 11786:Central Bank 11693:Human rights 11673:Constitution 11543:Amazon basin 11415: 11405: 11380:the original 11375: 11366: 11345: 11320: 11310: 11300: 11290: 11279:, retrieved 11275:the original 11269: 11258: 11248: 11238:, retrieved 11231:the original 11222: 11208: 11198: 11188: 11168: 11159:the original 11153: 11127:the original 11122: 11093:(2): 90–94. 11090: 11086: 11075:the original 11070: 11066: 11040: 11036: 11022: 11012: 11009: 10989: 10961: 10957: 10944: 10935: 10931: 10915: 10905:, retrieved 10901:the original 10880: 10876: 10863: 10851:Bibliography 10836: 10825: 10814: 10803: 10792: 10781: 10770: 10759: 10748: 10738:25 September 10736:. Retrieved 10732:the original 10728:"Fala NORTE" 10722: 10712:25 September 10710:. Retrieved 10706:the original 10696: 10686:25 September 10684:. Retrieved 10680:the original 10670: 10658:. Retrieved 10653: 10644: 10632:. Retrieved 10622: 10610:. Retrieved 10606:the original 10595: 10587: 10583: 10578: 10567:. Retrieved 10562: 10553: 10542:. Retrieved 10537: 10528: 10517:. Retrieved 10512: 10503: 10492:. Retrieved 10488: 10475: 10463:. Retrieved 10452: 10428:(2): 59–89. 10425: 10421: 10411: 10400:. Retrieved 10393:the original 10388: 10384: 10371: 10362: 10358: 10345: 10334:the original 10325: 10320: 10313: 10302:. Retrieved 10295:the original 10286: 10279: 10269:, retrieved 10265:the original 10260: 10255: 10248: 10240:the original 10230: 10219:the original 10206: 10201: 10194: 10185: 10181: 10175: 10167:the original 10162: 10158: 10148: 10125: 10120: 10113: 10101:. Retrieved 10097:the original 10087: 10068: 10064: 10058: 10045: 10038: 10025: 10020: 10013: 10002: 9991: 9980: 9972: 9967: 9956: 9947: 9937: 9926: 9914: 9905: 9899:the original 9894: 9890: 9876: 9864: 9852: 9841: 9835:Cunha (2010) 9830: 9824:Vasco (2003) 9819: 9808: 9797: 9788: 9778: 9769: 9759: 9748: 9739: 9730: 9722: 9717: 9685: 9673:. Retrieved 9668: 9659: 9648: 9636: 9629: 9624: 9615: 9606: 9597: 9577: 9550: 9542: 9534: 9522:. Retrieved 9517: 9508: 9496:. Retrieved 9491: 9488:"Portuguese" 9482: 9470:. Retrieved 9466: 9325: 9316: 9301: 9292: 9289: 9272: 9263: 9253: 9243: 9216: 9197: 9187: 9184: 9149: 9120: 9116: 9112: 9108: 9104: 9100: 9096: 9086: 9078: 9070: 9068: 9064: 9060: 9050: 9045: 9026: 9019: 8984: 8974: 8970: 8966: 8962: 8958: 8954: 8950: 8946: 8940: 8936: 8930: 8926: 8918: 8912: 8908: 8904: 8900: 8888: 8878: 8872: 8868: 8864: 8846: 8832: 8828: 8808: 8802: 8798: 8794: 8790: 8774: 8753:low prestige 8744: 8740: 8726: 8712: 8707:states i.e. 8705:Amazon Basin 8697: 8694: 8660: 8651: 8639: 8622: 8613: 8599: 8593: 8585: 8582:18th Century 8577: 8569: 8565: 8562:Minas Gerais 8555: 8541: 8533: 8523: 8517: 8509: 8505: 8501: 8497: 8493: 8490:Minas Gerais 8476: 8444: 8436: 8430: 8426: 8422: 8418: 8414: 8410: 8401: 8397: 8374:bandeirantes 8372: 8351:appeared by 8348: 8340: 8328: 8317:Minas Gerais 8306: 8276: 8254: 8247: 8245: 8236: 8229: 8227: 8221: 8210: 8203: 8199: 8198: 8193: 8186: 8184: 8175: 8170: 8165: 8163: 8161: 8154: 8151: 8146: 8143: 8138: 8134: 8127: 8123: 8120:Me responde! 8119: 8114: 8111:Me responda! 8110: 8105: 8101: 8098:Responda-me! 8097: 8090: 8087: 8082: 8079:placement of 8078: 8057: 8048: 8043: 8039: 8028:Minas Gerais 8017: 8012: 8009:Minha novela 8008: 7998: 7993: 7989: 7983: 7975: 7970: 7965: 7963: 7958: 7954: 7950: 7946: 7944: 7939: 7935: 7928: 7924: 7920: 7916: 7913: 7892: 7869: 7854: 7843: 7825: 7803: 7785: 7778:(colloquial) 7776: 7768: 7762:(colloquial) 7760: 7752: 7742: 7732: 7728: 7720: 7718: 7706:Minas Gerais 7701: 7695: 7690: 7686: 7670: 7666: 7656: 7623: 7619: 7617: 7612: 7608: 7600: 7596: 7590: 7575: 7570: 7566: 7554: 7550: 7548: 7543: 7539: 7535: 7531: 7527: 7523: 7522:, the forms 7519: 7515: 7513: 7508: 7504: 7500: 7496: 7492: 7490: 7485: 7481: 7477: 7473: 7465: 7461: 7457: 7455: 7450: 7446: 7428: 7425:Pega essa aí 7424: 7420: 7417: 7408: 7403: 7397: 7391: 7386: 7376: 7372: 7369: 7358: 7353: 7349: 7345: 7341: 7337: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7323: 7315: 7313: 7305: 7300: 7298: 7290: 7287: 7277: 7275: 7268: 7266: 7259: 7255: 7248: 7231: 7230: 7224: 7218: 7217: 7212: 7211: 7202: 7200: 7197: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7165: 7160: 7154: 7153: 7148: 7146: 7141: 7137: 7135: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7120: 7118: 7113: 7111: 7107: 7106: 7101: 7097: 7093: 7091:tag question 7084: 7072: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7040: 7039: 7030: 7028: 7016: 6994: 6969:Constitution 6941: 6934: 6908: 6876: 6861: 6851: 6847: 6845: 6840: 6836: 6832: 6828: 6810: 6807:Nasalization 6796: 6792: 6788: 6786: 6775: 6740: 6729: 6725: 6719: 6714: 6710: 6706: 6702: 6698: 6694: 6690: 6686: 6682: 6678: 6674: 6648: 6638: 6634: 6626: 6618: 6610: 6608: 6603: 6595: 6585: 6575: 6574:, "lemon" ; 6571: 6567: 6566:, "girl" ; 6563: 6545: 6525: 6506: 6501: 6483: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6045:archiphoneme 6029: 6024: 6020: 6016: 6012:nasalization 6009: 5994: 5989: 5985: 5981: 5977: 5976:and . Thus, 5963: 5958: 5944: 5939: 5936: 5929: 5920: 5906: 5822:Start point 5666:Start point 5424:Oral vowels 5389:conservative 5386: 5322: 5317: 5310: 5302: 5295: 5287: 5283: 5281: 5275: 5271: 5267: 5260: 5256: 5252: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5231: 5222: 5212: 5205:Eu lhe daria 5204: 5200: 5194: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5154: 5136: 5132: 5128: 5124: 5120: 5116: 5112: 5108: 5104: 5100: 5098: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5069: 5059: 5055: 5030: 5026: 5022: 5020: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4993: 4983: 4982: 4979:+ infinitive 4976: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4960: 4956: 4950: 4945: 4941: 4939: 4935: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4896: 4886: 4837: 4833: 4829: 4825: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4791: 4787: 4783: 4782:("say it"), 4779: 4771: 4764: 4760: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4737: 4733: 4726: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4707: 4703: 4700:xo vê/xeu vê 4699: 4696:deixa eu ver 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4664: 4660: 4656: 4652: 4648: 4637: 4633: 4629: 4622: 4618: 4614: 4610: 4606: 4599: 4595: 4591: 4584: 4580: 4576: 4570: 4566: 4562: 4558: 4551: 4547: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4517: 4508: 4493: 4483: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4463: 4461: 4455: 4451: 4447: 4443: 4439: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4399: 4395: 4393: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4362: 4357: 4353: 4348: 4344: 4340: 4336: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4290: 4286: 4251:Castro Alves 4209: 4205:Camões Prize 4202: 4195: 4186:Hunsrückisch 4185: 4182: 4178: 4162: 4149:nativization 4146: 4122: 4109: 4107: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4085: 4079: 4074: 4068: 4063: 4058: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4034: 4030: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4000: 3994: 3988: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3962: 3958: 3954: 3950: 3946: 3940: 3936: 3932: 3928: 3924: 3920: 3916: 3912: 3908: 3904: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3888: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3844: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3822: 3816: 3810: 3804: 3800: 3795: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3729: 3720: 3714: 3709: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3654:caro/a mio/a 3653: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3631: 3625: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3547: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3513: 3509: 3507: 3502: 3498: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3451:doppelgänger 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3423:Kindergarten 3422: 3418: 3415:Schützenfest 3406: 3386: 3385:from French 3382: 3374: 3356: 3345: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3329:hora do rush 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3313:savoir-faire 3312: 3308: 3304: 3303:is from Fr. 3300: 3296: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3269:atterrissage 3268: 3265:aterrissagem 3264: 3262: 3258:faux-bourdon 3257: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3169: 3165: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2649: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2598:femme fatale 2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2514:petit gâteau 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2481: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2411: 2404: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2383:(cultural), 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2318: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2289:photobombing 2288: 2284: 2280: 2275: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2219:gloss labial 2218: 2215:hair stylist 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2189:("tuxedo"), 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2117: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2101:street dance 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2020: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1993: 1987: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1921: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1843:, (protein) 1840: 1837:banana split 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1794: 1790: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1726:("team," ), 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1702: 1696: 1690: 1685: 1677: 1673: 1668: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1571:self service 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1456:home theater 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1408: 1400: 1377: 1335:(above all, 1330: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1304: 1300: 1293: 1285: 1281: 1274: 1268: 1262: 1258: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1230: 1225: 1219: 1212: 1205: 1197: 1191: 1187: 1178: 1172: 1166: 1162: 1153: 1147:Língua Geral 1145: 1129: 1121: 1113: 1105: 1097: 1091: 1085: 1079: 1073: 1067: 1061: 1053:West African 1049:Tupi–Guarani 1036: 1010: 999: 940: 928:Língua Geral 913: 905:colonization 881:Língua Geral 874: 821:Michel Temer 775: 768: 749: 697: 696: 621:Coat of arms 600:Video gaming 530:Architecture 469:Demographics 391:Linguasphere 374: 129: 115:West-Iberian 15385:Campidanese 15211:Old Catalan 15204:Old Occitan 14941:Old Spanish 14875:Rioplatense 14679:Old Leonese 14507:Cotentinais 14471:Guernésiais 14394:Frenchville 14387:New England 14266:Bourbonnais 14218:Piedmontese 14212:Old Lombard 14104:Bergamasque 14028:Sammarinese 13457: [ 13430: [ 13413: [ 13338: [ 13326: [ 13323:Brasiliense 13314: [ 13302: [ 13290: [ 13278: [ 13051:Vlax Romani 13030:Terena Sign 12994:Macarrônico 12875:Nambikwaran 12633:Djeoromitxí 12117:Catholicism 12031:Malandragem 11996:Archaeology 11923:Immigration 11829:Stock index 11771:Agriculture 11570:Environment 11154:Você sabia? 10860:"Confissão" 10538:Noticias R7 10465:27 November 10007:Mota (2008) 9919:Bisol (2005 8919:Brasiliense 8905:norma culta 8439:— Found in 8402:Costa norte 8387:stigmatized 8319:, northern 8038:, but both 7994:o meu livro 7900:te pareces 7828:subjunctive 7551:eu amo você 7507:instead of 7361:subjunctive 7232:Translation 7225:— Falo não. 7073:Translation 6973:temperature 6931:/ʃ,ʒ,ɲ,ʎ,j/ 6613:"voice" is 6600:homophonous 6500:. The word 6389:Approximant 5409:triphthongs 5274:(compound, 5259:(compound, 5253:eu cantaria 5244:(compound, 5238:eu cantarei 5219:Preferences 4967:Progressive 4914:anacoluthon 4816:instead of 4776:French 'en' 4763:instead of 4755:instead of 4736:instead of 4725:instead of 4653:disseram-me 4649:me disseram 4643:obligatory 4583:instead of 4550:instead of 4535:("he is"), 4247:Jorge Amado 4090:gratte-ciel 4086:arranha-céu 4037:; and some 3616:andiamo via 3604:incavolarsi 3483:ein Kranker 3399:Oktoberfest 3395:sauerbraten 3238:rendez-vous 3190:calandragem 3132:(Occitan), 2774:avant-garde 2766:garde-nappe 2662:tête-à-tête 2654:jeu de mots 2646:bonbonnière 2534:garçonnière 2526:enfant gâté 2381:underground 2263:best-seller 2255:blockbuster 2231:pó de arroz 2171:cueca boxer 2097:break dance 2027:after hours 1827:("steak"), 1809:jam session 1768:match point 1732:jockey club 1531:fundo hedge 1519:commodities 1502:("winch"), 1478:("brake"), 1452:home office 1367:, and Jeje/ 1284:("beads"), 1003:Amerindians 631:Miss Brazil 489:Immigration 15456:Categories 15432:indicates 15390:Logudorese 14923:Philippine 14889:Andalusian 14883:Peninsular 14773:Estremenho 14729:Portuguese 14656:Cantabrian 14489:Law French 14481:Sercquiais 14315:Meridional 14276:Champenois 14271:Burgundian 14082:Tabarchino 14072:Monégasque 14011:Parmigiano 13868:Neapolitan 13841:Manduriano 13808:Florentine 13675:Wallachian 13645:Bukovinian 13449:Oliventine 13439:Estremenho 13270:Paulistano 13235:Amazofonia 13205:São Tomean 13200:Mozambican 12989:Lanc-Patuá 12888:Nambikwara 12819:Chapacuran 12794:Tenetehara 12668:Mẽbêngôkre 12628:Chiquitano 12537:Pará Arára 12522:Hixkaryana 12358:Indigenous 12330:Pomeranian 12304:Portuguese 12156:Antiochian 12081:Television 12051:Newspapers 12026:Literature 11898:Corruption 11893:Censorship 11818:(currency) 11688:Government 11281:2008-12-09 11240:2008-10-30 10907:2005-11-05 10584:nordestino 10569:2024-09-15 10544:2024-09-15 10519:2024-09-15 10494:2024-09-15 10402:2017-07-29 10365:: 166–175. 10304:2017-07-29 10271:2013-04-19 10078:10482/3255 9669:Ethnologue 9653:Lee (2005) 9641:Holm (1989 9524:11 January 9498:11 January 9445:References 9418:Wiktionary 9396:CELPE-Bras 9273:Portuguese 9246:Amerindian 9227:bossa nova 9029:Amerindian 8987:— used in 8979:deforested 8975:fluminense 8963:nordestino 8959:amazofonia 8953:and often 8927:fluminense 8921:— used in 8889:fluminense 8885:sociolects 8869:fluminense 8799:nordestino 8728:Paulistano 8713:nordestino 8700:Amazofonia 8652:Nordestino 8601:geraizeiro 8566:fluminense 8518:fluminense 8508:, however 8502:Fluminense 8494:Fluminense 8477:Fluminense 8445:nordestino 8431:nordestino 8427:nordestino 8423:nordestino 8419:amazofonia 8411:fluminense 8369:Centro-Sul 8169:"You know 8152:Eu vi ela. 8088:Eu te amo. 7897:se parece 7884:não fales 7879:não fale, 7870:Imperative 7844:Imperative 7806:indicative 7788:indicative 7770:(standard) 7754:(standard) 7679:Pernambuco 7644:Amazofonia 7632:Pernambuco 7571:eu lhe amo 7563:Pernambuco 7439:See also: 7245:Imperative 6879:Pernambuco 6852:manhãzinha 6843:for both. 6663:epenthetic 6606:"more"). 6502:presidente 6187:labialized 6141:Consonants 6037:Hindi-Urdu 5924:/feˈʁejɾu/ 5405:diphthongs 5270:(simple), 5268:eu cantara 5255:(simple), 5240:(simple), 5191:Mesoclisis 5185:ela deu-mo 5078:ele viu-me 5070:ele me viu 4889:linguistic 4798:impersonal 4784:esconde aí 4600:você canta 4557:replacing 4480:berinjela 4084:, such as 3859:dekassegui 3837:shichissei 3627:tarantella 3612:engambelar 3580:ecco fatto 3503:schottisch 3419:hinterland 3411:Bauernfest 3403:biergarten 3391:wurstsalat 3387:choucroute 3379:sauerkraut 3246:à la carte 3198:coqueluche 3146:maquilagem 3142:flamboyant 3134:escamotear 3118:torniquete 2870:rôtisserie 2866:coq au vin 2830:guilhotina 2822:camuflagem 2814:parlamento 2810:grand prix 2706:déshabillé 2690:pâtisserie 2630:bon-vivant 2626:de bom tom 2566:burocracia 2518:pot-pourri 2454:cavanhaque 2407:Lusosphere 2345:food truck 2247:sex symbol 2235:playground 2175:cueca slip 2109:hang loose 2105:free style 2077:convescote 2073:piquenique 2031:drag queen 2022:striptease 2016:sex appeal 1999:rockabilly 1885:happy hour 1706:("goal"), 1633:food truck 1575:drive-thru 1359:, notably 1309:joker card 1261:("well"), 1254:("mumps"); 1250:("lame"), 1012:Ethnologue 795:including 718:native to 573:Television 555:Literature 208:Fluminense 203:Curitibano 198:Paulistano 163:Amazofonia 125:Portuguese 15440:varieties 15423:indicate 15380:Sardinian 15337:Triestine 15285:Sursilvan 15196:Mentonasc 15174:Provençal 15123:Auvergnat 15109:Valencian 15065:Mallorcan 15055:Algherese 15030:Occitano- 14977:Navarrese 14965:Aragonese 14901:Castilian 14804:Castilian 14780:Uruguayan 14753:Brazilian 14716:Minderico 14710:/Eonavian 14673:Mirandese 14587:Valdôtain 14573:/Arpitan 14514:Orléanais 14465:Auregnais 14449:Mayennais 14399:Louisiana 14281:Ardennais 14261:Berrichon 14067:Intemelio 14023:Forlivese 14006:Bolognese 13952:Dalmatian 13916:Tarantino 13879:Benevento 13836:Salentino 13796:Sassarese 13760:Gallurese 13743:Romanesco 13696:Dalmatian 13660:Moldavian 13655:Maramureș 13613:Aromanian 13507:Phonology 13422:Alentejan 13352:Uruguayan 13335:Recifense 13275:Sertanejo 13230:Brazilian 13056:Hungarian 12779:Nheengatu 12774:Munduruku 12764:Kagwahiva 12683:Rikbaktsa 12580:Kashinawa 12436:Wapishana 12376:Asháninka 12360:languages 12201:Quimbanda 12196:Candomblé 12066:Sculpture 12041:Mythology 11991:Animation 11933:Languages 11913:Education 11854:Transport 11715:Judiciary 11678:Elections 11627:Time Zone 11602:Mountains 11565:Coastline 11531:Geography 11107:249414876 10980:201046105 10775:L-variant 10444:2237-2083 10139:1884/3955 9312:ISO 639-3 9281:ISO 639-1 9071:Macunaíma 8996:Diglossia 8985:Recifense 8951:sertanejo 8931:sertanejo 8783:Tocantins 8775:Sertanejo 8606:sociolect 8383:Nheengatu 8313:São Paulo 8194:Chamar de 8177:classes. 8068:(formal) 8005:São Paulo 7990:meu livro 7925:Eu vi ele 7893:Reflexive 7881:não fala 7876:não fale 7835:falasses 7826:Imperfect 7818:falasse, 7816:falaste, 7698:São Paulo 7671:tu viesse 7667:tu vieste 7555:eu te amo 7404:Example: 6989:archaisms 6872:São Paulo 6833:harmônico 6829:harmónico 6799:linking r 6797:Compare: 6771:loanwords 6763:the South 6759:São Paulo 6755:Northeast 6730:destratar 6568:Babilônia 6521:São Paulo 6322:voiceless 6316:Fricative 6239:voiceless 5997:Northeast 5986:cafézinho 5970:Southeast 5801:Endpoint 5645:Endpoint 5592:Close-mid 5472:Close-mid 5383:Phonology 5341:São Paulo 5309:written: 5294:written: 5145:O Estadão 5066:proclitic 4942:anacoluto 4930:anacoluto 4922:metapoema 4792:espera aí 4704:você está 4651:, rarely 4645:proclisis 4615:dele/dela 4607:cujo/cuja 4592:tu cantas 4577:eu vi ele 4500:phonetics 4496:diglossia 4484:beringela 4356:, but EP 4327:, French 4118:Southeast 4114:the South 4039:honorific 4027:onii-chan 4019:onee-chan 3933:jiu-jítsu 3884:burakumin 3763:jankenpon 3759:jó ken pô 3743:sushi bar 3739:temakeria 3686:torcicolo 3682:carcamano 3650:ragazzo/a 3646:bambino/a 3638:stratoria 3596:gelateria 3560:male male 3538:entrevero 3530:imbróglio 3487:Xumbergar 3375:bolo cuca 3367:bratwurst 3277:aterragem 3230:sabotagem 3210:cocotinha 3174:chauffeur 3170:concièrge 3150:visagismo 3098:redingote 3086:guilhochê 3050:garçonete 2986:gabardine 2890:cigarette 2806:pince-nez 2762:serviette 2730:salopette 2682:bric-brac 2658:vis-à-vis 2650:calembour 2634:guindaste 2586:croquette 2369:bartender 2341:overdrive 2305:non-sense 2285:blogueiro 2259:multiplex 2251:bombshell 2179:black tie 2139:flashback 2035:go-go boy 2007:socialite 1869:X-burguer 1865:sanduíche 1841:milkshake 1813:junk food 1780:iate club 1697:wakeboard 1686:ludopédio 1583:franchise 1563:fast food 1523:debênture 1430:slideshow 1134:pineapple 1019:Loanwords 995:São Paulo 887:based on 852:São Paulo 712:varieties 585:Monuments 504:Religions 494:Languages 397:51-AAA-ah 376:Glottolog 364:ISO 639-3 15316:Venetian 15290:Vallader 15280:Surmiran 15253:Cadorino 15236:Friulian 15169:Limousin 15138:Béarnese 15100:Western 15082:Northern 15070:Menorcan 15060:Balearic 15051:Eastern 15047:dialects 14906:Castrapo 14863:Peruvian 14834:dialects 14767:European 14735:dialects 14722:Portugis 14703:Galician 14644:Asturian 14582:Savoyard 14534:Poitevin 14502:Cauchois 14476:Jèrriais 14323:Canadian 14202:Varesino 14197:Ticinese 14185:Novarese 14180:Cremunés 14170:Ossolano 14165:Milanese 14153:Lecchese 14121:Brianzöö 14052:Ligurian 14018:Romagnol 13899:Arianese 13894:Irpinian 13889:Cilentan 13853:Pantesco 13848:Sicilian 13819:Southern 13755:Corsican 13731:Macerata 13726:Fabriano 13665:Oltenian 13635:dialects 13595:Southern 13512:Portuñol 13475:See also 13444:Nortenho 13427:Algarvio 13410:Açoriano 13400:European 13395:European 13091:Romanian 13046:Japanese 12939:Katawixi 12934:Kanamarí 12883:Mamaindê 12842:Tukanoan 12789:Tapirapé 12688:Tapayúna 12663:Maxakalí 12638:Kaingang 12600:Macro-Jê 12590:Yaminawa 12552:Ye'kuana 12469:Jamamadí 12441:Warekena 12411:Mehinaku 12406:Mapidian 12391:Barawana 12368:Arawakan 12243:Category 12181:Hinduism 12130:Maronite 12109:Buddhism 12091:Religion 12056:Painting 12006:Carnaval 11888:Abortion 11834:Taxation 11806:Industry 11730:Military 11656:Politics 11637:Wildlife 11607:Pantanal 11476:Timeline 11460:articles 11391:citation 11330:citation 11192:, Online 11138:citation 11067:Soletras 11037:Ellipsis 10877:Hispania 10590:accents. 10588:nortista 10461:. Sibila 10159:Sínteses 9770:Euronews 9560:original 9514:"Brazil" 9340:See also 9324:for the 9300:for the 9239:capoeira 9231:cruzeiro 9208:Mercosul 9167:mastery. 9093:Prestige 9081:by João 9041:spelling 9031:(mostly 8923:Brasília 8821:Curitiba 8803:nortista 8787:Rondônia 8765:classism 8696:Nortista 8677:Maranhão 8610:prestige 8586:caipiras 8578:emboabas 8552:origins. 8546:loanword 8520:dialect. 8398:Cearense 8292:Portugal 8283:dialects 8265:Dialects 8144:Eu a vi. 8139:pronouns 7923:"that": 7919:"he" or 7872:negative 7846:positive 7838:falasse 7832:falasse 7813:falaste 7731:because 7669:becomes 7628:Maranhão 7605:Salvador 7586:Curitiba 7536:com você 7383:Deictics 7377:Não fume 7328:and not 6977:humidity 6889:replace 6576:sandália 6532:Japanese 6528:Japanese 6517:Salvador 6164:Alveolar 6041:Anusvara 6032:dialects 6017:stressed 5978:operação 5959:setembro 5921:ferreiro 5615:Open-mid 5495:Open-mid 5376:Portugal 5353:Brasília 5316:spoken: 5301:spoken: 5123:and not 5103:but not 5074:enclitic 4926:metapoem 4871:Brasília 4859:Brasília 4659:, never 4596:tu canta 4594:becomes 4533:ele está 4424:arsénico 4420:arsênico 4416:neurónio 4412:neurônio 4381:drafting 4369:detectar 4169:Portugal 4138:Romanian 4023:onii-san 4015:onee-san 4011:oba-chan 3963:hiragana 3959:katakana 3942:nunchaku 3897:harakiri 3889:kamikaze 3875:seiketsu 3867:arubaito 3863:dekasegi 3833:rokussei 3735:yakisoba 3717:Japanese 3690:casanova 3621:tiramisu 3592:schifoso 3584:ecco qui 3556:cicerone 3543:panetone 3479:encrenca 3447:zum wohl 3439:Schoppen 3431:fassbier 3383:chucrute 3337:billiard 3309:know-how 3250:à la ... 3218:bas-fond 3206:coquette 3158:coiffeur 3138:escroque 3126:canivete 3122:molinete 3106:flambado 3102:chéri(e) 3054:chenille 3034:cabriolê 3026:caminhão 3022:limusine 3018:balayage 3014:pedicure 3010:manicure 3002:pantalon 2954:tailleur 2946:manequim 2938:boutique 2846:silhueta 2742:cachepot 2738:cachenez 2734:cachecol 2726:pantufas 2718:corselet 2710:lingerie 2698:négliglé 2694:peignoir 2674:conhaque 2618:grã-fino 2614:gabinete 2606:marchand 2590:crocante 2546:détraqué 2478:manchete 2357:coquetel 2337:playback 2309:non-stop 2276:trolling 2239:blecaute 2143:check-up 2131:stalking 2127:bullying 1975:overdose 1927:hooligan 1911:skinhead 1853:panqueca 1784:handicap 1752:boxeador 1720:chuteira 1691:voleibol 1682:"soccer" 1666:Sports: 1661:showroom 1609:sex shop 1605:pet shop 1601:check-in 1587:franquia 1559:kingsize 1512:workshop 1508:macadame 1488:roadster 1468:dormente 1444:revolver 1426:designer 1422:briefing 1396:Japanese 1351:and the 1337:Kimbundu 1290:capoeira 1264:quilombo 1240:banguela 1232:berimbau 1188:mandinga 1138:toponyms 1122:mandioca 932:Nhengatu 916:Portugal 864:Brasília 801:Portugal 756:Portugal 728:Americas 590:Painting 484:Holidays 474:Folklore 436:a series 434:Part of 383:braz1246 338:Colombia 314:Suriname 302:Paraguay 173:Cearense 157:Dialects 15421:Italics 15322:Chipilo 15265:Romansh 15228:Romance 15226:Rhaeto- 15191:Gardiol 15143:Landese 15133:Aranese 15118:Occitan 15077:Central 15041:Catalan 15032:Romance 14933:Creoles 14928:Saharan 14916:Murcian 14894:Llanito 14851:Chilean 14828:Spanish 14785:Creoles 14759:Mineiro 14741:African 14666:Riberan 14661:Leonese 14626:Iberian 14619:Romance 14546:Walloon 14519:Paydret 14497:Augeron 14437:Vosgien 14432:Gaumais 14427:Lorrain 14419:Creoles 14382:Muskrat 14328:Acadian 14256:Angevin 14246:Langues 14237:Romance 14143:Comasco 14116:Western 14109:Cremish 14099:Eastern 14094:Lombard 14062:Genoese 14057:Brigasc 14001:Emilian 13979:Western 13958:Istriot 13921:Vastese 13906:Molisan 13768:Italian 13704:Central 13650:Crișana 13605:Eastern 13588:Western 13573:Eastern 13299:Carioca 13260:Mineiro 13240:Caipira 13195:Guinean 13185:Angolan 13175:African 13170:African 13116:Chinese 13106:Turkish 13101:Tagalog 13096:Russian 12984:Cafundó 12929:Kadiwéu 12924:Irantxe 12914:Arutani 12827:Oro Win 12708:Nadahup 12698:Xavante 12693:Timbira 12648:Kĩsêdjê 12618:Arikapú 12613:Apinajé 12585:Shipibo 12575:Amawaka 12547:Sikiana 12532:Macushi 12512:Bakairi 12494:Cariban 12484:Zuruahá 12479:Paumarí 12426:Tariana 12416:Palikúr 12381:Atorada 12342:Italian 12337:Hunsrik 12227:Outline 12206:Umbanda 12186:Judaism 12137:Melkite 12021:Cuisine 11983:Culture 11968:Welfare 11876:Society 11844:Tourism 11801:Exports 11759:Economy 11617:Regions 11592:Islands 11587:Geology 11553:Climate 11468:History 11367:corpora 10938:: 37–47 10660:23 July 10634:23 July 10612:23 July 10103:23 July 9891:ELingUp 9725:, 1999. 9472:19 July 9235:milreis 9219:English 8971:mineiro 8955:sulista 8947:caipira 8913:carioca 8901:carioca 8887:of the 8880:Carioca 8865:sulista 8841:Madeira 8809:Sulista 8795:caipira 8791:mineiro 8745:Caipira 8741:caipira 8689:Alagoas 8665:Agreste 8640:mineiro 8614:mineiro 8595:caipira 8570:caipira 8557:Mineiro 8534:sulista 8510:carioca 8506:carioca 8498:caipira 8415:mineiro 8355:of the 8349:caipira 8341:caipira 8329:caipira 8308:Caipira 8024:Niterói 7959:ele/ela 7951:seu/sua 7929:Eu o vi 7786:Present 7663:Uruguay 7528:contigo 7482:contigo 7318:a boca! 7303:a boca! 7013:Grammar 6841:falamos 6837:falamos 6749:in the 6665:vowel, 6623:/tɾejs/ 6451:lateral 6422:central 6233:Plosive 6169:Palatal 5990:bolinha 5982:rebolar 5557:Central 5437:Central 5393:Angolan 5090:Me olha 4977:estar a 4887:Modern 4849:Grammar 4788:pera aí 4780:fala aí 4770:use of 4630:a gente 4585:eu o vi 4504:grammar 4377:anatomy 4333:Italian 4165:schools 4134:Italian 4098:hot dog 4082:calques 4065:Chinese 4002:shiatsu 3990:kabocha 3975:ikebana 3921:bushidô 3901:jisatsu 3893:seppuku 3879:karoshi 3779:tempurá 3775:sashimi 3730:karaokê 3721:quimono 3674:baderna 3664:; also 3662:bello/a 3588:caspita 3572:va bene 3564:capisce 3548:colomba 3534:bisonho 3526:nonnino 3497:), and 3363:pretzel 3359:strudel 3352:Italian 3331:. Both 3301:comboio 3289:estação 3281:estação 3242:chez... 3226:estampa 3222:mascote 3202:coquine 3182:garagem 3114:pierrot 3110:bufante 3090:château 3082:chaminé 3066:chamois 3062:chemise 3058:chiffon 2998:toalete 2982:edredom 2970:gravata 2958:echarpe 2942:vitrine 2930:sorvete 2926:scarpin 2922:galocha 2910:culotte 2882:collant 2826:blindar 2758:costume 2722:corpete 2678:mélange 2594:croquis 2550:enquête 2542:parvenu 2482:jaqueta 2466:habitué 2462:calibre 2430:soutien 2361:drinque 2325:crooner 2281:trollar 2267:it-girl 2227:pancake 2203:cardigã 2187:smoking 2151:bondage 2147:ranking 2093:beatbox 2069:footing 2011:playboy 1994:country 1971:hipster 1955:clubber 1873:boicote 1861:brownie 1857:cupcake 1849:araruta 1829:rosbife 1825:bisteca 1817:hot dog 1805:vintage 1772:nocaute 1736:cockpit 1708:goleiro 1678:futebol 1674:skating 1653:outdoor 1641:tagline 1543:dumping 1527:holding 1504:tilburí 1500:guincho 1496:air-bag 1464:chulipa 1440:forward 1392:Italian 1380:English 1365:Nigeria 1345:Kikongo 1339:, from 1325:moleque 1323:), and 1305:curinga 1282:miçanga 1275:senzala 1270:mocambo 1259:cacimba 1252:caxumba 1248:capenga 1193:macumba 1180:moqueca 1174:acarajé 1168:quindim 1163:quitute 1130:abacaxi 1126:cassava 1093:Paraíba 1087:Ipanema 1081:Caruaru 979:Lebanon 967:Germany 784:History 752:prosody 714:of the 608:Symbols 545:Cuisine 479:History 461:Society 326:Uruguay 183:Mineiro 178:Caipira 100:Romance 15352:Others 15332:Talian 15327:Fiuman 15301:Others 15241:Fornes 15179:Niçard 15128:Gascon 15096:Patuet 15002:Others 14911:Castúo 14617:Ibero- 14577:Faetar 14524:Picard 14454:Norman 14442:Welche 14365:Magoua 14355:Quebec 14345:Brayon 14304:French 14286:Rémois 14235:Gallo- 14190:Pavese 14148:Laghée 14126:Canzés 14077:Royasc 13939:Others 13874:Barese 13802:Tuscan 13748:Sabino 13721:Ancona 13694:Italo- 13255:Gaúcho 13121:Slovak 13111:Korean 13086:Polish 13066:French 13061:Arabic 12964:Xukuru 12959:Ticuna 12954:Pirahã 12909:Aikanã 12902:Others 12893:Sabanê 12865:Wanano 12860:Tuyuca 12855:Tukano 12804:Xipaya 12784:Omagua 12759:Juruna 12749:Akwáwa 12741:Tupian 12678:Panará 12653:Krenak 12643:Karajá 12623:Bororo 12567:Panoan 12557:Waiwai 12542:Salumá 12527:Ikpeng 12507:Apalaí 12502:Amonap 12474:Kulina 12456:Arawan 12431:Terêna 12421:Paresi 12386:Baniwa 12347:Talian 12325:German 12248:Portal 12104:Baháʼí 12076:Sports 12016:Comics 12011:Cinema 11943:People 11918:Health 11811:Mining 11796:Energy 11622:Rivers 11458: 11456:Brazil 11353: 11176: 11105: 10997: 10978: 10897:343564 10895: 10442: 10328:] 10209:] 10128:] 10028:] 9675:6 June 9585: 9401:Gaucho 9194:Impact 9181:etc.). 9171:rates. 9035:) and 8989:Recife 8981:areas. 8967:baiano 8837:Azores 8721:Manaus 8661:sertão 8657:Sertão 8604:. The 8584:, the 8542:gaúcho 8540:. The 8437:Baiano 8321:Paraná 8200:Chamar 8164:Sabes 8054:Syntax 7862:fala, 7853:fala, 7820:falou 7810:falou 7795:falas 7714:Santos 7648:Manaus 7582:Paraná 7578:Santos 7398:Aquele 7354:esteja 7094:não é? 7067:— Fui. 7052:— Fui. 7019:clitic 6945:/ɐ̃j̃/ 6917:, and 6726:partes 6631:/sejs/ 6629:"six" 6615:/vɔjs/ 6564:menina 6536:Brazil 6416:Liquid 6356:voiced 6278:voiced 6159:Dental 6154:Labial 6075:sombra 6025:banana 5940:before 5932:vowels 5926:> . 5912:> . 5910:/ˈsow/ 5415:Vowels 5378:, etc. 5372:Brazil 5052:Syntax 5035:gerund 4988:gerund 4688:com as 4529:ele tá 4389:secção 4383:) and 4373:secção 4345:óptimo 4325:objeto 4311:, and 4130:French 4092:) and 4059:senpai 4057:, and 4035:banzai 4031:kampai 4025:, and 4007:Nikkei 3999:, and 3985:Nihong 3971:kabuki 3967:romaji 3965:, and 3945:, and 3925:katana 3917:aikidô 3913:karatê 3907:, and 3871:kaizen 3855:koseki 3841:ainoko 3829:gossei 3824:yonsei 3818:sansei 3801:gaijin 3796:nikkei 3791:johrei 3787:wasabi 3751:biombo 3725:kimono 3708:, and 3694:noccia 3676:(from 3660:, and 3658:tesoro 3633:grappa 3608:pivete 3600:cavolo 3552:è vero 3471:ersatz 3467:kitsch 3463:brinde 3453:(also 3437:(from 3373:(also 3371:kuchen 3348:German 3341:sinuca 3333:bilhar 3305:convoi 3291:). BP 3194:cabaré 3178:hangar 3166:cabine 3154:topete 3130:guerra 3074:balonê 3070:plissê 3038:capilé 3030:guidão 2994:buffet 2990:fondue 2974:chapéu 2962:fraque 2914:botina 2906:calção 2902:tricot 2894:crochê 2886:fuseau 2878:bustiê 2858:bistrô 2838:pastel 2834:à gogo 2802:mignon 2790:canapé 2786:frappé 2750:colher 2746:colete 2714:corset 2686:broche 2642:flanar 2610:paletó 2574:affair 2554:equipe 2522:ménage 2506:chuchu 2502:frufru 2474:jargão 2470:clichê 2456:(from 2442:guichê 2438:abajur 2377:lanche 2373:barman 2355:(DJ), 2333:roadie 2320:camper 2297:sitcom 2293:selfie 2243:script 2195:blazer 2163:gótica 2135:closet 2123:praise 2118:gospel 2085:rapper 2075:(also 2061:ephebe 2055:(also 2003:pin-up 1988:mullet 1983:cowboy 1979:junkie 1967:yuppie 1963:hippie 1943:rocker 1881:Yankee 1833:sundae 1744:pódium 1716:chutar 1712:quíper 1649:jingle 1645:slogan 1637:outlet 1585:(also 1539:truste 1476:breque 1466:(also 1418:layout 1390:, and 1388:German 1384:French 1361:Yoruba 1343:, and 1341:Angola 1317:cadete 1313:caçula 1301:cafuné 1226:maxixe 1202:orisha 1161:Food: 1118:toucan 1114:tucano 1110:caiman 1106:jacaré 1056:Yoruba 1031:, and 989:, and 983:Paraná 971:Poland 955:Recife 943:French 909:Brazil 893:Jesuit 807:, etc. 805:Angola 797:Brazil 720:Brazil 626:Anthem 595:Sports 559:Media 540:Comics 535:Cinema 517:Topics 499:People 438:on the 423:Brazil 335: 323: 311: 299: 287: 267:Brazil 264: 188:Gaúcho 85:Italic 53:Brazil 15275:Putèr 15270:Jauer 15258:Nones 15248:Ladin 14747:Asian 14404:Houma 14377:Métis 14360:Joual 14333:Chiac 14298:Gallo 14248:d'oïl 13640:Banat 13461:] 13434:] 13417:] 13386:Macau 13366:Asian 13361:Asian 13342:] 13330:] 13318:] 13306:] 13294:] 13282:] 13081:Greek 13071:Dutch 12949:Ninam 12944:Kwaza 12919:Guató 12850:Cubeo 12832:Wariʼ 12769:Kaiwá 12731:Nadëb 12726:Kakwa 12673:Ofayé 12517:Carib 12446:Waurá 12234:Index 12176:Islam 12036:Music 11973:Youth 11903:Crime 11816:Real 11383:(PDF) 11372:(PDF) 11234:(PDF) 11227:(PDF) 11213:(PDF) 11130:(PDF) 11119:(PDF) 11103:S2CID 11078:(PDF) 11063:(PDF) 10976:S2CID 10928:(PDF) 10893:JSTOR 10485:(PDF) 10396:(PDF) 10381:(PDF) 10355:(PDF) 10337:(PDF) 10330:(PDF) 10324:[ 10298:(PDF) 10291:(PDF) 10259:[ 10222:(PDF) 10211:(PDF) 10205:[ 10184:[ 10130:(PDF) 10124:[ 10067:[ 10050:(PDF) 10030:(PDF) 10024:[ 9902:(PDF) 9887:(PDF) 9643::605) 9332:(see 9320:is a 9318:pt-BR 9310:(see 9296:is a 9279:(see 9267:is a 9223:samba 9155:real. 9057:Usage 8717:Belém 8685:Ceará 8681:Piauí 8528:— in 8465:] 8461:[ 8457:] 8453:[ 8441:Bahia 8337:Goiás 7945:When 7864:fale 7859:fala 7855:fale 7850:fale 7798:fala 7792:fala 7759:você 7751:você 7652:Belém 7636:Piauí 7559:Piauí 7524:ti/te 7338:estar 6981:light 6938:/ẽj̃/ 6891:/s,z/ 6887:/ʃ,ʒ/ 6883:Ceará 6864:/ʃ,ʒ/ 6789:matar 6751:North 6671:schwa 6657:, or 6637:with 6602:with 6572:limão 6195:Nasal 6181:plain 6174:Velar 6135:muito 6080:mundo 6070:pinta 6065:tempo 6060:banco 6039:(see 6001:North 5966:South 5955:] 5951:[ 5947:elide 5569:Close 5552:Front 5449:Close 5432:Front 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1597:combo 1535:angel 1484:hatch 1460:bonde 1448:relay 1435:mouse 1373:Benin 1294:tanga 1286:abadá 1244:bunda 1220:lundu 1214:samba 1198:orixá 1102:macaw 1098:arara 975:Japan 963:Spain 959:Italy 951:Dutch 934:, or 920:Spain 580:Music 568:Radio 563:Print 550:Dance 509:Women 410:pt-BR 229:Latin 95:Latin 15430:Bold 15015:Caló 14698:Fala 14624:West 13381:Goan 12809:Zo'é 12799:Xeta 12464:Deni 12396:Baré 12001:Arts 11703:LGBT 11397:link 11351:ISBN 11336:link 11174:ISBN 11144:link 10995:ISBN 10740:2012 10714:2012 10688:2012 10662:2012 10636:2012 10614:2012 10586:and 10467:2012 10440:ISSN 10363:XXXV 10105:2012 9859::91) 9692::57) 9677:2017 9583:ISBN 9526:2019 9500:2019 9474:2023 9283:and 9271:for 9237:and 9202:and 9077:and 9033:Tupi 8973:and 8839:and 8785:and 8719:and 8630:and 8459:and 8413:and 8257:(BP) 8248:para 8239:(BP) 8213:(BP) 8124:você 8115:você 8102:você 8042:and 8003:and 7966:você 7955:você 7947:você 7940:dele 7938:and 7921:isso 7804:Past 7702:Você 7691:você 7683:Pará 7677:and 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