2100:
2317:
3019:
2257:
1454:
1225:
1796:
756:
8237:
8762:
8742:
8713:
8671:
8635:
8606:
8577:
8541:
8499:
8463:
8434:
8405:
8369:
8347:
8311:
8282:
8253:
284:
8794:
7806:
6965:
399:
402:
406:
405:
401:
400:
135:, a trill may often be reduced to a single vibration in unstressed positions. In Italian, a simple trill typically displays only one or two vibrations, while a geminate trill will have three or more. Languages where trills always have multiple vibrations include
407:
2782:
404:
2101:
2318:
3020:
4236:
2780:
2865:, with the frication sounding rather like but less retracted. It sounds like a simultaneous and , and some speakers tend to pronounce it as , , or . In the IPA, it is typically written as ⟨
2258:
213:
5307:
4425:
1455:
1226:
1797:
5343:
2781:
757:
403:
4281:
211:
5317:
3080:
Usually released as a normal trilled , sometimes it has a slightly fricative character vaguely reminiscent of Czech ř. Dzongkha r is followed by the low register tone.
5327:
5312:
212:
4051:
4348:
A. Raymond
Elliott, P. Hernández Cruz & F. Sandoval Cruz, "Dàj guruguiˈ yumiguiì 'de como apareció la gente del mundo': leyenda en triqui de Chicahuaxtla".
8889:
4240:
5297:
4470:
5274:
5264:
4458:
4199:
3418:
Possible realization of /r/ in some dialects, may also be realized as a non-sibilant alveolar fricative or as a sibilant retroflex fricative .
5259:
8945:
8166:
6212:
5958:
3032:
2788:
576:
Apical, palatalized. Usually only a single vibration, presumably due to the palatalization. It contrasts with a post-alveolar trill. See
4287:
6226:
6219:
5965:
8955:
6440:
6198:
5944:
2409:
2066:
2058:
1811:
1096:
685:
638:
3469:/ʒ/ appears to have been a fricative trill in the 19th century, and survived latterly only in women's usage in Southern Tsakonian.
8960:
5209:
7955:
6233:
5930:
8128:
8058:
7994:
7917:
6205:
5951:
4774:
3508:
411:
A trill extended for about 2 seconds, captured in slow motion to reveal the individual 36–44 Hz tongue oscillations.
8803:
8338:
8123:
8001:
7898:
7815:
6974:
6735:
6642:
5223:
5088:
5062:
5027:
4958:
4931:
4862:
4841:
4803:
4745:
4619:
4559:
4541:
4033:
8078:
8015:
7820:
6825:
6717:
6624:
5937:
3749:
3989:
3613:
8354:
8171:
8022:
7968:
7924:
7354:
7309:
6812:
6749:
6656:
6107:
5863:
3802:
2558:
1073:
8376:
8151:
7936:
7905:
7320:
7272:
7258:
7200:
7186:
6834:
6742:
6649:
5254:
4821:
4702:
4060:
3122:
8860:
8425:
8100:
8085:
7865:
7334:
6852:
6763:
6724:
6670:
6631:
6388:
5160:
4784:
4207:. Dzongkha Development Corporation, Royal Government of Bhutan. p. 93. Archived from the original on 2016-10-04.
3759:
3518:
8985:
8597:
7851:
7327:
6979:
6906:
6843:
6756:
6663:
6170:
6114:
6079:
5870:
5835:
4894:
8950:
8662:
8441:
8396:
7961:
7943:
6888:
6156:
5912:
5218:
2985:
2948:, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
2678:
2477:
599:
429:
370:, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
66:
835:
More commonly for most speakers. May occur word-initially; as against , which occurs medially and finally. See
8613:
8568:
8454:
7871:
7810:
7805:
7237:
7165:
6969:
6964:
6770:
6677:
6323:
6282:
6018:
5685:
17:
162:
may find it exceptionally difficult to articulate the sound because of the limited mobility of their tongues.
8626:
8412:
8273:
7879:
7761:
7621:
7589:
6913:
6177:
6093:
6086:
5849:
5842:
5671:
5081:
Handbook of the
International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet
5047:
Handbook of the
International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet
4796:
Handbook of the
International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet
4552:
Handbook of the
International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet
4405:
4218:
4871:
Martínez-Celdrán, Eugenio; Fernández-Planas, Ana Ma.; Carrera-Sabaté, Josefina (2003), "Castilian
Spanish",
4481:
9255:
9245:
8965:
8894:
8733:
8584:
8470:
8161:
7857:
7752:
7741:
7653:
7265:
7193:
6895:
6353:
6163:
6142:
6065:
5919:
5898:
5821:
5302:
5202:
1491:
5177:
5104:
5100:
4643:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3298:
3294:
3254:
3194:
3190:
3040:
3036:
2882:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2755:
2746:
2601:
2593:
2585:
2546:
2513:
2448:
2364:
2113:
1949:
1945:
1848:
1329:
1286:
999:
502:
494:
186:
109:
85:
35:
9265:
9209:
9025:
9020:
8642:
8289:
8244:
7974:
7768:
7251:
7230:
7179:
6922:
6340:
6296:
6289:
6240:
6032:
6025:
5976:
5721:
5692:
5541:
5370:
4990:
3481:
283:
3686:
9010:
8798:
8793:
8704:
8302:
7885:
7782:
7704:
6582:
6475:
6362:
6268:
6184:
6100:
6004:
5856:
5703:
5678:
5657:
2609:
2185:
1523:
490:
112:⟩ is used in phonemic transcriptions (especially those found in dictionaries) of languages like
3257:, and speakers maintaining the distinction (which is mostly the elderly) sporadically do as well. See
9250:
9074:
8990:
8753:
8490:
8260:
8156:
7775:
7695:
7684:
7286:
7244:
7214:
7172:
6546:
6254:
6149:
6072:
5990:
5905:
5828:
5735:
5586:
5557:
2909:
is fricative trill, which means it is a non-sibilant fricative and a trill pronounced simultaneously.
2724:
2556:
2407:
2064:
2056:
1967:
1953:
1900:
1809:
683:
636:
5138:
4445:
9260:
9030:
8980:
8935:
8720:
8532:
8318:
7833:
7711:
7279:
7207:
6931:
6528:
6502:
6451:
6371:
6303:
6247:
5983:
5763:
5728:
5568:
5548:
5527:
2360:
1994:
171:
39:
9015:
8919:
8769:
8682:
8506:
7725:
7121:
6589:
6422:
6413:
6396:
6275:
6191:
6011:
5749:
5710:
5664:
5600:
5195:
4598:
1978:
874:
337:
219:
132:
4812:
Lass, Roger (1987), "Intradiphthongal
Dependencies", in Anderson, John; Durand, Jacques (eds.),
9000:
8995:
8975:
8548:
7718:
7482:
7420:
7112:
7101:
7046:
6568:
6553:
6433:
6261:
5997:
5742:
5628:
5593:
5484:
5469:
5453:
4440:
3277:
2906:
1832:
1290:
656:
302:
78:
8970:
8853:
7544:
7471:
7451:
7409:
7389:
7128:
7025:
6535:
6509:
6484:
6458:
5770:
5614:
5575:
5534:
5464:
5425:
5269:
3971:
2913:
929:
892:
449:
313:
4629:
4569:
3105:
Only some northern and northwestern speakers. Formerly common over the whole speaking area.
9223:
8899:
8007:
7533:
7513:
7491:
7429:
7142:
7081:
6404:
5756:
5607:
5509:
4733:
3302:
2796:
2568:
2165:
1856:
1662:
1426:
1371:
525:
473:
227:
5187:
3230:
3198:
124:
that are not an alveolar trill. That is partly for ease of typesetting and partly because
8:
9079:
9005:
8808:
8071:
7675:
7562:
7553:
7462:
7400:
7149:
7135:
7053:
6575:
5635:
5489:
5446:
3270:
3265:
2952:
2878:
2862:
2638:
2497:
2385:
2330:
2134:
2086:
2040:
1941:
1852:
1825:
1646:
1639:
1403:
1337:
1150:
1121:
1079:
912:
644:
555:
466:
374:
152:
8094:
7524:
7090:
7039:
7018:
5777:
5621:
5479:
5459:
5413:
5149:
5126:
5068:
4951:
De la fonètica a la fonologia: les consonants i assimilacions consonàntiques del català
4516:
4383:
4212:
3751:
Investigating
Language Attitudes: Social Meanings of Dialect, Ethnicity and Performance
3449:
3375:
3085:
2960:
2956:
2920:
2858:
2827:, there are two contrasting alveolar trills. Besides the typical apical trill, written
2703:
2427:
2298:
2291:
2008:
1782:
1508:
1198:
937:
885:
695:
612:
541:
442:
382:
378:
327:
74:
309:, which means it is produced by directing air over an articulator so that it vibrates.
8519:
8050:
7445:
7296:
7060:
6987:
6601:
5514:
5494:
5436:
5322:
5156:
5114:
5098:
5084:
5072:
5058:
5023:
4954:
4927:
4858:
4837:
4817:
4799:
4780:
4741:
4698:
4615:
4555:
4537:
4521:
4387:
3755:
3514:
3309:
3051:
2964:
2945:
2917:
2854:
2656:
2517:
2415:
2267:
2189:
2151:
2117:
2072:
1632:
1474:
1467:
1238:
1181:
1174:
1137:
1102:
1045:
1016:
983:
836:
779:
772:
737:
725:
577:
518:
386:
367:
148:
136:
8884:
8846:
8329:
7383:
7074:
7032:
5504:
5474:
5441:
5431:
5050:
5005:
4976:
4909:
4880:
4720:
4680:
4658:
4511:
4501:
4492:
Chaubal, Tanay V.; Dixit, Mala
Baburaj (2011), "Ankyloglossia and its Management",
4450:
4375:
3398:
3391:
3258:
2890:
2631:
2552:
2490:
2422:
2375:
2158:
2124:
2079:
2033:
1817:
1768:
1711:
1616:
1609:
1440:
1433:
1212:
1205:
1115:
1068:
1028:
953:
919:
878:
811:
804:
730:
548:
346:
321:
140:
121:
113:
70:
47:
4363:
9109:
8904:
8653:
8387:
7844:
7374:
7067:
6496:
5499:
5365:
4831:
4794:
Landau, Ernestina; Lončarić, Mijo; Horga, Damir; Škarić, Ivo (1999), "Croatian",
4766:
4754:
4609:
3500:
3423:
3365:
3174:
3164:
3153:
3044:
2696:
2691:
2524:
2463:
2368:
2226:
2001:
1893:
1775:
1751:
1744:
1697:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1349:
1061:
1010:
1003:
958:
850:
843:
651:
306:
117:
81:
4740:, Languages of the World/Materials; 148, Munich & Newcastle: Lincom Europa,
9189:
9054:
8559:
3110:
3005:
2998:
2938:
2924:
2886:
2824:
2344:
2337:
2277:
2196:
1960:
1868:
1855:
retain the alveolar trill, and the trill is still dominant in rural areas. See
1737:
1680:
1669:
1537:
1516:
1410:
1255:
1166:
1035:
976:
360:
331:
5054:
5010:
4981:
4914:
4885:
4870:
4725:
4685:
4663:
4379:
3977:
3810:
9239:
9068:
8218:
7735:
7577:
6991:
5175:
5118:
4770:
3709:
3504:
3314:
2720:
2597:
2233:
1674:
1479:
1297:
1144:
506:
159:
144:
4506:
4109:
4095:
3598:
9184:
9179:
9174:
9169:
9164:
9159:
9154:
9149:
9144:
9139:
9134:
8064:
5786:
5038:
Palatogrammy i
Rentgenogrammy Soglasnyx Fonem Russkogo Literaturnogo Jazyka
4525:
2589:
2203:
2025:
1544:
1385:
1245:
498:
3218:
2549:, medially between vowels within the morpheme, and finally in the morpheme
866:
9202:
9061:
8816:
8230:
8213:
7987:
7507:
6311:
5380:
5358:
5049:, vol. 23, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 135–139,
4850:
277:
4454:
3748:
Garrett, Peter; Coupland, Nikola; Williams, Angie, eds. (15 July 2003).
3246:
9216:
8914:
8695:
8223:
5521:
5375:
5045:Šuštaršič, Rastislav; Komar, Smiljana; Petek, Bojan (1999), "Slovene",
4989:Šimáčková, Šárka; Podlipský, Václav Jonáš; Chládková, Kateřina (2012),
3899:
3615:
Limba Română contemporană. Fonetică. Fonologie. Ortografie. Lexicologie
2934:
is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
2763:
1860:
356:
is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
194:
4570:"Goralské nárečia (poznámky na okraj hesla v Encyklopédii jazykovedy)"
3226:
9047:
8909:
8481:
7983:
7224:
7157:
6043:
5799:
5403:
3352:
3250:
2931:
2893:
also has a fricative trill, but the degree of frication is variable.
1704:
353:
58:
3824:
3222:
2923:, which means it is articulated with the blade of the tongue at the
8787:
8118:
8040:
8034:
7799:
6958:
5796:
3711:中国人能发大舌音"RR" ( Some Chinese can pronounciate alveolar trills "RR" )
2178:
925:
870:
62:
4412:, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, May 16, 2012
3947:
1394:
1358:
170:"Alveolar trill" redirects here. For the voiceless consonant, see
9089:
7891:
7095:
5651:
5353:
5182:
4330:
3234:
3210:
3202:
2810:
265:
89:
3551:
8838:
4021:
3923:
3214:
3206:
3129:
2959:, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the
1696:
May be postalveolar approximant , or more commonly, flap . See
381:, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the
4478:
The Greek Language in Cyprus from Antiquity to the Present Day
3978:
Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté (2003)
3959:
3527:
2941:, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
363:, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
9195:
9129:
9124:
9114:
8194:
5348:
5103:: mutually excluding innovations? On the diffusion of dorsal
3242:
3238:
1730:
1342:
1279:
9119:
9104:
1749:
1289:. Usual in clusters, otherwise a tap or an approximant. See
5217:
5083:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 104–107,
4988:
4942:
Slovenščina za Poljake: Kurs podstawowy języka słoweńskiego
4816:, Dordrecht: Foris Publications Holland, pp. 109–131,
4185:
3935:
3253:. Most speakers, as well as standard Polish, merge it with
2719:
Varies between apical dental and apical alveolar; may be a
1678:
1378:
1107:
128:
is the letter used in the orthographies of such languages.
9099:
9094:
9084:
4614:(in Danish) (3rd ed.), Copenhagen: Akademisk Forlag,
2873:⟩, but it has also been written as laminal ⟨
2833:
796:
717:
349:, which means it is pronounced with the tip of the tongue.
4798:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 66–69,
4793:
4554:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 70–74,
3905:
3428:
4480:, University of Athens, pp. 107–124, archived from
4053:
Outlines of the phonology of the Gokana dialect of Ogoni
3667:
2432:
1916:
Pronounced as a trill at the beginning of a word, or as
4967:
Rogers, Derek; d'Arcangeli, Luciana (2004), "Italian",
3783:
3747:
3205:
and those south, west and northwest of them, area from
2551:
before a following vowel in the same word. It can be a
2307:
1027:
Corresponds to much more back in standard Danish. See
8890:
Perception of English /r/ and /l/ by Japanese speakers
4009:
3717:
3657:
3655:
3539:
3065:
935:
746:
8870:
4966:
4471:"A (brief) review of Cypriot Phonetics and Phonology"
3875:
3830:
3809:, Ερευνητικό Πρόγραμμα Συντυσές, 2011, archived from
1898:
820:
564:
6996:
Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.
4032:
sfnp error: no target: CITEREFRecasensPallarès1995 (
3143:
2184:
Allophone of the more common , especially with more
1976:
1965:
667:
5109:. In van de Velde, Hans; van Hout, Roeland (eds.).
5044:
4567:
4336:
4167:
3953:
3911:
3887:
3652:
3390:Only in a few dialects near the Polish border. See
2853:. Its manner of articulation is similar to but is
1550:
1312:
1265:
1136:Only some dialects. Corresponds to in others. See
5148:
5113:. Brussels: Etudes & Travaux. pp. 75–90.
4765:
4161:
3851:
3729:
3646:
3557:
3499:
2732:
2247:
4998:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
4969:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
4949:Recasens, Daniel; Pallarès, Maria Dolors (2001),
4902:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
4873:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
4713:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
4673:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
4651:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
2901:Features of the voiced alveolar fricative trill:
2617:
2573:
478:
9237:
4948:
4641:
4027:
3929:
3863:
3841:
3839:
3275:
1830:
1644:
1408:
5017:
4276:
4274:
4272:
4270:
3773:
3771:
3569:
3454:
3090:
2655:Contrasts with a palatalized dental trill. See
2296:
1720:
1709:
890:
700:
620:
447:
4592:, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company
4305:
4303:
4268:
4266:
4264:
4262:
4260:
4258:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4250:
4121:
4119:
3319:
3056:
1489:
1484:
777:
735:
523:
8854:
8167:Voiceless bilabially post-trilled dental stop
5203:
4939:
4600:A Short Reference Grammar of Standard Slovene
3941:
3836:
3688:湖北方言里有颤音r (There is trill r in Hubei Dialect)
3403:
2869:⟩ plus the raising diacritic, ⟨
2636:
2495:
2383:
2163:
2132:
2084:
2038:
1614:
1438:
1210:
1179:
809:
553:
4836:, Continuum International Publishing Group,
4491:
4320:
4318:
4045:
4043:
3768:
3533:
3373:
3172:
3137:
3121:Amount of frication variable. May also be a
2701:
2529:
2006:
1780:
1590:
1579:
848:
661:
493:. The language's two other rhotic phonemes,
27:Consonantal sounds represented by ⟨r⟩ in IPA
8946:Voiced alveolar or postalveolar approximant
4642:Hanulíková, Adriana; Hamann, Silke (2010),
4549:
4494:Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
4404:
4300:
4247:
4186:Šimáčková, Podlipský & Chládková (2012)
4146:
4140:
4116:
3611:
3545:
3003:
2342:
2213:
2201:
1873:
1542:
1347:
1302:
1253:
1043:
981:
873:while many other dialects have adopted the
8861:
8847:
5210:
5196:
4587:
4368:The Annual of the British School at Athens
4049:
3673:
2831:, there is another laminal trill, written
2600:. Another rhotic phoneme in the language,
2241:
1383:
30:"r (IPA)" redirects here. For the English
5265:Extensions for disordered speech (extIPA)
5018:Siptár, Péter; Törkenczy, Miklós (2000),
5009:
4980:
4913:
4884:
4753:
4724:
4684:
4662:
4596:
4531:
4515:
4505:
4444:
4324:
4315:
4230:
4228:
4157:
4155:
4040:
3999:
3997:
3965:
3845:
3754:. University of Wales Press. p. 73.
3638:
3636:
3634:
3245:and areas to the north, and roughly from
5035:
4711:Kleine, Ane (2003), "Standard Yiddish",
4627:
4468:
4423:
4286:, Gwarypolskie.uw.edu.pl, archived from
4234:
3789:
3777:
3723:
3642:
397:
165:
4892:
4857:(6th ed.), Mannheim: Dudenverlag,
4849:
4607:
4426:"Greek Phonetics: The State of the Art"
4309:
4125:
4015:
297:Features of the voiced alveolar trill:
14:
9238:
5435:
5146:
5078:
4732:
4710:
4670:
4225:
4179:
4152:
4082:
4003:
3994:
3917:
3893:
3881:
3631:
3585:
3573:
2063:, and variable between trill and tap
1169:influence. Corresponds to in others.
8842:
8192:
7674:
7373:
7089:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5445:
5440:
5430:
5401:
5236:
5191:
5022:, New York: Oxford University Press,
4991:"Czech spoken in Bohemia and Moravia"
4829:
4631:ON THE PHONETIC NATURE OF THE LATIN R
4536:, Wrocław: wydawnictwo Dolnośląskie,
4361:
4197:
4173:
3293:Possible realization of the sequence
3159:Corresponds to /ʃ/ in Logar dialect.
2567:
2129:Some West coast and Northern dialects
8203:
8144:
7837:
7047:
7008:
5417:
5096:
5040:, Izdatelstvo Kievskogo Universiteta
4940:Pretnar, Tone; Tokarz, Emil (1980),
4833:A Critical Introduction to Phonetics
4814:Explorations in Dependency Phonology
4811:
4692:
3857:
3807:Cypriot Greek Lexicographic Database
3735:
3661:
3138:
2881:, it had a dedicated symbol ⟨
8172:Voiceless nasal glottal approximant
7026:
6986:Symbols to the right in a cell are
5079:Szende, Tamás (1999), "Hungarian",
4921:
4776:The Sounds of the World's Languages
4611:Fonetik og fonologi, Almen og Dansk
4568:Dudášová-Kriššáková, Júlia (1995),
4550:Dankovičová, Jana (1999), "Czech",
3954:Šuštaršič, Komar & Petek (1999)
3869:
3510:The Sounds of the World's Languages
2845:'fishermen' and the common surname
2384:
1952:intervocally and word-finally. See
1384:
662:
24:
7082:
5255:International Phonetic Association
3513:. Oxford: Blackwell. p. 221.
2028:, particularly when not syllabic.
510:
25:
9277:
8885:Rhotic consonants (R-like sounds)
8768:
8752:
8732:
8719:
8703:
8681:
8661:
8641:
8625:
8612:
8596:
8583:
8567:
8547:
8531:
8518:
8505:
8489:
8469:
8453:
8440:
8424:
8411:
8395:
8375:
8353:
8337:
8317:
8301:
8288:
8272:
8259:
8243:
8099:
8084:
8077:
8057:
8033:
8021:
8014:
8000:
7993:
7967:
7954:
7942:
7935:
7923:
7916:
7904:
7897:
7878:
7864:
7850:
7781:
7774:
7767:
7760:
7751:
7740:
7724:
7717:
7710:
7703:
7694:
7683:
7652:
7620:
7588:
7561:
7552:
7543:
7532:
7523:
7512:
7490:
7481:
7470:
7461:
7450:
7428:
7419:
7408:
7399:
7388:
7353:
7333:
7326:
7319:
7308:
7285:
7278:
7271:
7264:
7257:
7250:
7243:
7236:
7229:
7213:
7206:
7199:
7192:
7185:
7178:
7171:
7164:
7148:
7141:
7134:
7127:
7120:
7111:
7100:
7054:
6930:
6921:
6912:
6905:
6894:
6887:
6851:
6842:
6833:
6824:
6811:
6769:
6762:
6755:
6748:
6741:
6734:
6723:
6716:
6676:
6669:
6662:
6655:
6648:
6641:
6630:
6623:
6588:
6581:
6574:
6567:
6552:
6545:
6534:
6527:
6508:
6501:
6483:
6474:
6457:
6450:
6439:
6432:
6421:
6412:
6403:
6387:
6370:
6361:
6352:
6339:
6322:
6302:
6295:
6288:
6281:
6274:
6267:
6260:
6253:
6246:
6239:
6232:
6225:
6218:
6211:
6204:
6197:
6190:
6183:
6176:
6169:
6162:
6155:
6148:
6141:
6113:
6106:
6099:
6092:
6085:
6078:
6071:
6064:
6031:
6024:
6017:
6010:
6003:
5996:
5989:
5982:
5975:
5964:
5957:
5950:
5943:
5936:
5929:
5918:
5911:
5904:
5897:
5869:
5862:
5855:
5848:
5841:
5834:
5827:
5820:
5785:
5776:
5769:
5762:
5755:
5748:
5741:
5734:
5727:
5720:
5709:
5702:
5691:
5684:
5677:
5670:
5663:
5656:
5634:
5627:
5620:
5613:
5606:
5599:
5592:
5585:
5574:
5567:
5556:
5547:
5540:
5533:
5526:
5510:Pharyngeal/epiglottal
5169:
5099:"Retroflex consonants and dorsal
4671:Jassem, Wiktor (2003), "Polish",
4590:Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian
4283:Gwary polskie - Frykatywne rż (ř)
1101:
1095:
8986:Voiced velar bunched approximant
8868:
8792:
8760:
8740:
8711:
8669:
8633:
8604:
8575:
8539:
8497:
8461:
8432:
8403:
8367:
8345:
8309:
8280:
8251:
8235:
7804:
7040:
7019:
6963:
5308:Obsolete and nonstandard symbols
4162:Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996)
4110:"Marshallese-English Dictionary"
4096:"Marshallese-English Dictionary"
3647:Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996)
3599:"Marshallese-English Dictionary"
3558:Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996)
2778:
2733:Voiced alveolar fricative trill
2457:
282:
209:
7061:
5219:International Phonetic Alphabet
4355:
4342:
4191:
4131:
4102:
4088:
4076:
3983:
3831:Rogers & d'Arcangeli (2004)
3795:
3741:
3702:
3679:
2740:Voiced alveolar fricative trill
324:(behind the upper front teeth),
67:International Phonetic Alphabet
8152:Nasal labial–velar approximant
7075:
7033:
5402:
5328:IPA chart for English dialects
5237:
5155:, University of Hawaii Press,
4953:, Barcelona: Editorial Ariel,
4944:, Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski
4603:, Kansas: University of Kansas
4362:Scutt, C. A. (November 1913).
4137:For example, Ladefoged (1971).
4028:Recasens & Pallarès (1995)
3930:Hanulíková & Hamann (2010)
3605:
3591:
3579:
3563:
3493:
2857:and the body of the tongue is
2447:Underlyingly two sequences of
2414:; can be uvular instead. See
1966:
13:
1:
7068:
4397:
3570:Siptár & Törkenczy (2000)
2896:
1106:may become a single trill in
393:
88:⟩, and the equivalent
8966:Voiced retroflex approximant
8961:Voiced alveolar lateral flap
8895:Pronunciation of English /r/
8162:Voiceless bidental fricative
5270:Voice Quality Symbols (VoQS)
4761:(Second ed.), Blackwell
4588:Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009),
4433:Journal of Greek Linguistics
4406:"Tongue-tie (ankyloglossia)"
3144:
1395:
1359:
340:(behind the alveolar ridge).
96:. It is commonly called the
7:
9210:Registered trademark symbol
9026:Voiceless glottal fricative
9021:Voiced pharyngeal fricative
5371:Phonetic symbols in Unicode
4893:Merrill, Elizabeth (2008),
4693:Kara, Dávid Somfai (2003),
4597:Greenberg, Mark L. (2006),
3942:Pretnar & Tokarz (1980)
3482:Index of phonetics articles
3475:
3066:
2971:
2877:⟩. (Before the 1989
2664:
2605:
2308:
2248:
2214:
1977:
1721:
1591:
1551:
1490:
1313:
1266:
821:
747:
668:
585:
565:
292:
10:
9282:
9011:Voiceless uvular fricative
8193:
5020:The Phonology of Hungarian
4337:Dudášová-Kriššáková (1995)
4164:, pp. 228–230 and 233
3534:Chaubal & Dixit (2011)
3455:
3444:Initial allophone of /r/.
2461:
936:
169:
61:sound used in some spoken
29:
9039:
8991:Voiceless velar fricative
8928:
8877:
8694:
8652:
8558:
8480:
8386:
8328:
8229:
8222:
8217:
8212:
8201:
8188:
8157:Nasal palatal approximant
7834:Co-articulated consonants
7734:
7679:
7642:
7610:
7575:
7506:
7444:
7382:
7343:
7295:
7223:
7156:
7094:
7080:
7073:
7066:
7059:
7052:
7045:
7038:
7031:
7024:
7017:
7015:
6867:
6789:
6696:
6600:
6495:
6395:
6310:
6137:
6041:
5893:
5795:
5650:
5520:
5452:
5424:
5410:
5397:
5336:
5290:
5247:
5243:
5232:
5055:10.1017/S0025100300004874
5036:Skalozub, Larisa (1963),
5011:10.1017/S0025100312000102
4982:10.1017/S0025100304001628
4915:10.1017/S0025100308003344
4886:10.1017/S0025100303001373
4726:10.1017/S0025100303001385
4686:10.1017/S0025100303001191
4664:10.1017/S0025100310000162
4469:Arvaniti, Amalia (2010),
4424:Arvaniti, Amalia (2007),
4380:10.1017/s0068245400009163
4217:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
3990:Schachter and Reid (2008)
3448:
3422:
3397:
3347:in most Polish dialects.
3334:
3308:
3297:for speakers who realize
3109:
3084:
3057:
3050:
2997:
2978:
2809:
2804:
2777:
2772:
2762:
2753:
2744:
2739:
2725:Standard German phonology
2671:
2637:
2630:
2584:
2523:
2489:
2470:
2336:
2297:
2290:
2281:
2276:
2242:
2202:
2195:
2157:
2078:
2032:
2000:
1959:
1954:Scottish Gaelic phonology
1892:
1867:
1824:
1774:
1750:
1743:
1710:
1703:
1668:
1638:
1608:
1580:
1573:
1543:
1536:
1527:
1522:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1485:
1483:
1473:
1432:
1402:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1348:
1336:
1303:
1254:
1244:
1204:
1173:
1067:
975:
952:
891:
884:
842:
810:
803:
771:
736:
694:
592:
554:
547:
517:
472:
441:
422:
415:
276:
264:
253:
240:
235:
208:
203:
193:
184:
179:
9031:Voiced glottal fricative
8981:Voiced velar approximant
8936:Voiceless alveolar trill
4855:Das Aussprachewörterbuch
4628:Pultrová, Lucie (2013),
4532:Dąbrowska, Anna (2004),
3487:
3197:. Present in areas from
2361:voiceless alveolar trill
1995:Serbo-Croatian phonology
172:Voiceless alveolar trill
40:Postalveolar approximant
34:sound often transcribed
9016:Voiced uvular fricative
8920:Linking and intrusive R
7006:Non-pulmonic consonants
6138:Non-sibilant fricative
5894:Non-sibilant affricate
5260:History of the alphabet
5176:List of languages with
4507:10.4103/0972-124X.85673
4364:"The Tsakonian Dialect"
4201:The Grammar of Dzongkha
3466:'justice of the peace'
3429:
3320:
3091:
2861:. It is thus partially
2530:
2433:
1920:, or before consonants
1874:
1002:; may be syllabic. See
875:voiced uvular fricative
865:Dominant in and around
778:
682:In free variation with
133:Indo-European languages
108:. Quite often, ⟨
9001:Voiceless uvular trill
8996:Voiced velar fricative
8976:Voiced retroflex trill
8951:Voiceless alveolar tap
5318:Sinological extensions
5147:Bender, Byron (1969),
4608:Grønnum, Nina (2005),
4237:"Fonetyka i fonologia"
3645:, p. ?; cited in
3404:
3374:
3276:
3173:
3033:non-sibilant fricative
3004:
2907:manner of articulation
2702:
2618:
2574:
2496:
2343:
2164:
2133:
2085:
2055:Also described as tap
2039:
2007:
1899:
1831:
1781:
1679:
1645:
1615:
1507:Allophone of /ɾ/. See
1439:
1409:
1291:Modern Greek phonology
1211:
1180:
1044:
982:
849:
701:
621:
524:
479:
448:
412:
303:manner of articulation
46:-like consonants, see
8971:Voiced retroflex flap
8941:Voiced alveolar trill
4779:. Oxford: Blackwell.
4759:Vowels and Consonants
4352:vol. 25, 2020, p.153.
3968:, pp. 17 and 20.
3134:Standard (Kaniguram)
2914:place of articulation
2444:'go out (habitually)'
2406:More commonly a flap
2186:conservative speakers
1993:May be syllabic. See
1094:A sequence of tapped
930:Southwestern Mandarin
410:
314:place of articulation
180:Voiced alveolar trill
166:Voiced alveolar trill
55:voiced alveolar trill
38:for convenience, see
9224:Medical prescription
8900:Rhoticity in English
6790:Lateral approximant
4922:Nau, Nicole (1998),
4895:"Tilquiapan Zapotec"
4085:, p. xvii-xviii
3906:Landau et al. (1999)
3303:Portuguese phonology
3221:, south and east of
3035:. It contrasts with
2967:, as in most sounds.
1857:Portuguese phonology
1808:Usually realized as
1663:Lithuanian phonology
1427:Indonesian phonology
1372:Hindustani phonology
1165:Some dialects under
1015:Few speakers of the
465:Laminal dental. See
389:, as in most sounds.
65:. The symbol in the
9256:Pulmonic consonants
9246:Alveolar consonants
9006:Voiced uvular trill
8956:Voiced alveolar tap
5414:Pulmonic consonants
5097:Torp, Arne (2001).
4830:Lodge, Ken (2009),
4455:10.1075/jgl.8.08arv
4198:van Driem, George.
3536:, pp. 270–272.
3424:Chicahuaxtla Trique
2961:intercostal muscles
2953:airstream mechanism
2879:IPA Kiel Convention
2837:, in words such as
2359:Contrasts with the
2331:Ukrainian phonology
1942:voiced alveolar tap
1738:Malayalam phonology
1100:between unstressed
913:Bulgarian phonology
645:Afrikaans phonology
467:Hungarian phonology
383:intercostal muscles
375:airstream mechanism
9266:Central consonants
7344:Lateral fricative
6990:, to the left are
6697:Lateral fricative
5485:Postalveolar
5470:Linguolabial
5313:Naming conventions
5276:Journal of the IPA
5151:Spoken Marshallese
4147:Dankovičová (1999)
3572:, pp. 75–76,
3546:Mayo Clinic (2012)
1509:Japanese phonology
1480:Shitamachi dialect
1199:Estonian phonology
690:by many speakers.
542:Romanian phonology
413:
147:, and a number of
9233:
9232:
8836:
8835:
8832:
8831:
8827:
8826:
8779:
8778:
8184:
8183:
8180:
8179:
8137:
8136:
7962:Uvular–epiglottal
7829:
7828:
7791:
7790:
7002:
7001:
6950:
6949:
6868:Lateral tap/flap
5465:Labiodental
5393:
5392:
5389:
5388:
5323:World Orthography
5090:978-0-521-65236-0
5064:978-0-521-65236-0
5029:978-0-19-823841-6
4960:978-84-344-2884-3
4933:978-3-89586-228-1
4926:, Lincom Europa,
4864:978-3-411-04066-7
4843:978-0-8264-8873-2
4805:978-0-521-65236-0
4747:978-3-89586-161-1
4697:, Lincom Europa,
4621:978-87-500-3865-8
4561:978-0-521-65236-0
4543:978-83-7384-063-8
3674:Dum-Tragut (2009)
3612:Ovidiu Drăghici,
3473:
3472:
3370:Northern dialects
3231:Ostrów Mazowiecka
3199:Starogard Gdański
2965:abdominal muscles
2946:central consonant
2821:
2820:
2799:
2783:
2730:
2729:
2662:
2661:
2657:Russian phonology
2518:Catalan phonology
2455:
2454:
2416:Yiddish phonology
2190:Tagalog phonology
2152:Swedish phonology
2118:Spanish phonology
2073:Slovene phonology
1944:. Contrasts with
1853:northern dialects
1633:Latvian phonology
1563:'fish' or 'three'
1468:Italian phonology
1239:Finnish phonology
1138:English phonology
1091:'out of the city'
1017:Jutlandic dialect
837:Bengali phonology
583:
582:
578:Russian phonology
408:
387:abdominal muscles
368:central consonant
345:It is most often
290:
289:
230:
214:
126:⟨r⟩
122:rhotic consonants
16:(Redirected from
9273:
9251:Trill consonants
8863:
8856:
8849:
8840:
8839:
8820:
8796:
8773:
8772:
8764:
8763:
8757:
8756:
8744:
8743:
8737:
8736:
8724:
8723:
8715:
8714:
8708:
8707:
8686:
8685:
8673:
8672:
8666:
8665:
8646:
8645:
8637:
8636:
8630:
8629:
8617:
8616:
8608:
8607:
8601:
8600:
8588:
8587:
8579:
8578:
8572:
8571:
8552:
8551:
8543:
8542:
8536:
8535:
8523:
8522:
8510:
8509:
8501:
8500:
8494:
8493:
8474:
8473:
8465:
8464:
8458:
8457:
8445:
8444:
8436:
8435:
8429:
8428:
8416:
8415:
8407:
8406:
8400:
8399:
8380:
8379:
8371:
8370:
8358:
8357:
8349:
8348:
8342:
8341:
8322:
8321:
8313:
8312:
8306:
8305:
8293:
8292:
8284:
8283:
8277:
8276:
8264:
8263:
8255:
8254:
8248:
8247:
8239:
8238:
8208:
8207:
8204:
8190:
8189:
8142:
8141:
8103:
8088:
8081:
8061:
8037:
8025:
8018:
8004:
7997:
7971:
7958:
7946:
7939:
7930:Labial–retroflex
7927:
7920:
7908:
7901:
7882:
7872:Labial–retroflex
7868:
7854:
7838:
7808:
7785:
7778:
7771:
7764:
7755:
7744:
7728:
7721:
7714:
7707:
7698:
7687:
7658:
7626:
7594:
7565:
7558:
7549:
7538:
7529:
7518:
7496:
7487:
7476:
7467:
7456:
7434:
7425:
7414:
7405:
7394:
7380:bottom: uvular)
7357:
7337:
7330:
7323:
7312:
7289:
7282:
7275:
7268:
7261:
7254:
7247:
7240:
7233:
7217:
7210:
7203:
7196:
7189:
7182:
7175:
7168:
7152:
7145:
7138:
7131:
7124:
7115:
7104:
7084:
7077:
7070:
7063:
7056:
7049:
7042:
7035:
7028:
7021:
7013:
7012:
7009:
6997:
6967:
6934:
6925:
6916:
6909:
6898:
6891:
6855:
6846:
6837:
6828:
6815:
6773:
6766:
6759:
6752:
6745:
6738:
6727:
6720:
6680:
6673:
6666:
6659:
6652:
6645:
6634:
6627:
6592:
6585:
6578:
6571:
6556:
6549:
6538:
6531:
6512:
6505:
6487:
6478:
6461:
6454:
6443:
6436:
6425:
6416:
6407:
6391:
6374:
6365:
6356:
6343:
6326:
6306:
6299:
6292:
6285:
6278:
6271:
6264:
6257:
6250:
6243:
6236:
6229:
6222:
6215:
6208:
6201:
6194:
6187:
6180:
6173:
6166:
6159:
6152:
6145:
6117:
6110:
6103:
6096:
6089:
6082:
6075:
6068:
6035:
6028:
6021:
6014:
6007:
6000:
5993:
5986:
5979:
5968:
5961:
5954:
5947:
5940:
5933:
5922:
5915:
5908:
5901:
5873:
5866:
5859:
5852:
5845:
5838:
5831:
5824:
5789:
5780:
5773:
5766:
5759:
5752:
5745:
5738:
5731:
5724:
5713:
5706:
5695:
5688:
5681:
5674:
5667:
5660:
5638:
5631:
5624:
5617:
5610:
5603:
5596:
5589:
5578:
5571:
5560:
5551:
5544:
5537:
5530:
5422:
5421:
5418:
5399:
5398:
5245:
5244:
5234:
5233:
5227:
5212:
5205:
5198:
5189:
5188:
5179:
5165:
5154:
5142:
5136:
5132:
5130:
5122:
5107:in Scandinavian"
5106:
5102:
5093:
5075:
5041:
5032:
5014:
5013:
4995:
4985:
4984:
4963:
4945:
4936:
4918:
4917:
4899:
4889:
4888:
4867:
4846:
4826:
4808:
4790:
4767:Ladefoged, Peter
4762:
4755:Ladefoged, Peter
4750:
4734:Kordić, Snježana
4729:
4728:
4707:
4689:
4688:
4667:
4666:
4648:
4638:
4636:
4624:
4604:
4593:
4584:
4574:
4564:
4546:
4528:
4519:
4509:
4488:
4486:
4475:
4465:
4463:
4457:, archived from
4448:
4430:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4392:
4391:
4359:
4353:
4346:
4340:
4334:
4328:
4325:Dąbrowska (2004)
4322:
4313:
4307:
4298:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4278:
4245:
4244:
4239:. Archived from
4232:
4223:
4222:
4216:
4208:
4206:
4195:
4189:
4183:
4177:
4171:
4165:
4159:
4150:
4149:, pp. 70–71
4144:
4138:
4135:
4129:
4123:
4114:
4113:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4092:
4086:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4065:
4059:, archived from
4058:
4050:L.F. Brosnahan,
4047:
4038:
4037:
4025:
4019:
4013:
4007:
4001:
3992:
3987:
3981:
3975:
3969:
3966:Greenberg (2006)
3963:
3957:
3951:
3945:
3939:
3933:
3927:
3921:
3915:
3909:
3903:
3897:
3891:
3885:
3879:
3873:
3867:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3846:Ladefoged (2005)
3843:
3834:
3828:
3822:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3813:on 13 April 2021
3799:
3793:
3787:
3781:
3780:, pp. 14–18
3775:
3766:
3765:
3745:
3739:
3733:
3727:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3706:
3700:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3683:
3677:
3671:
3665:
3659:
3650:
3640:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3620:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3595:
3589:
3583:
3577:
3567:
3561:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3537:
3531:
3525:
3524:
3501:Ladefoged, Peter
3497:
3461:
3460:
3435:
3410:
3392:Slovak phonology
3382:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3327:
3300:
3296:
3285:
3259:Polish phonology
3256:
3196:
3192:
3181:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3097:
3072:
3063:
3062:
3042:
3038:
3025:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3013:
2976:
2975:
2891:Papua New Guinea
2884:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2817:
2794:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2758:
2757:
2749:
2748:
2737:
2736:
2711:
2669:
2668:
2646:
2645:
2621:
2603:
2595:
2587:
2577:
2562:
2553:postalveolar tap
2548:
2537:
2515:
2504:
2468:
2467:
2450:
2439:
2413:
2393:
2392:
2366:
2351:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2263:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2172:
2142:
2115:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2094:
2070:
2062:
2047:
2016:
1985:
1974:
1973:
1951:
1947:
1908:
1881:
1850:
1839:
1818:Polish phonology
1815:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1799:
1790:
1769:Nepali phonology
1758:
1757:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1688:
1653:
1623:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1558:
1548:
1547:
1499:
1488:
1487:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1448:
1417:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1331:
1320:
1310:
1309:
1288:
1273:
1263:
1262:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1219:
1189:
1105:
1099:
1074:African-American
1052:
1029:Danish phonology
1001:
990:
941:
940:
903:
902:
879:Breton phonology
857:
827:
818:
817:
787:
762:
761:
760:
759:
750:
744:
743:
708:
689:
674:
665:
664:
642:
627:
590:
589:
568:
562:
561:
532:
504:
496:
482:
457:
420:
419:
409:
286:
272:
257:
249:
244:
225:
218:
216:
215:
189:
188:
177:
176:
127:
111:
95:
87:
69:that represents
48:Rhotic consonant
37:
21:
9281:
9280:
9276:
9275:
9274:
9272:
9271:
9270:
9261:Oral consonants
9236:
9235:
9234:
9229:
9035:
8924:
8905:R-colored vowel
8873:
8867:
8837:
8828:
8818:
8817:unrounded
8813:
8775:
8774:
8767:
8765:
8761:
8758:
8751:
8746:
8745:
8741:
8738:
8731:
8726:
8725:
8718:
8716:
8712:
8709:
8702:
8688:
8687:
8680:
8675:
8674:
8670:
8667:
8660:
8648:
8647:
8640:
8638:
8634:
8631:
8624:
8619:
8618:
8611:
8609:
8605:
8602:
8595:
8590:
8589:
8582:
8580:
8576:
8573:
8566:
8554:
8553:
8546:
8544:
8540:
8537:
8530:
8525:
8524:
8517:
8512:
8511:
8504:
8502:
8498:
8495:
8488:
8476:
8475:
8468:
8466:
8462:
8459:
8452:
8447:
8446:
8439:
8437:
8433:
8430:
8423:
8418:
8417:
8410:
8408:
8404:
8401:
8394:
8382:
8381:
8374:
8372:
8368:
8360:
8359:
8352:
8350:
8346:
8343:
8336:
8324:
8323:
8316:
8314:
8310:
8307:
8300:
8295:
8294:
8287:
8285:
8281:
8278:
8271:
8266:
8265:
8258:
8256:
8252:
8249:
8242:
8236:
8197:
8176:
8140:
8139:
8138:
8133:
8110:
8109:
8108:
8107:
8106:Labial–alveolar
8104:
8097:
8092:
8089:
8082:
8074:
8069:
8068:
8062:
8054:
8048:
8047:
8038:
8030:
8029:
8026:
8019:
8011:
8010:
8005:
7998:
7990:
7980:
7979:
7978:
7977:
7972:
7964:
7959:
7951:
7950:
7947:
7940:
7932:
7931:
7928:
7921:
7913:
7912:
7911:Labial–alveolar
7909:
7902:
7894:
7889:
7888:
7883:
7875:
7874:
7869:
7861:
7860:
7858:Labial–alveolar
7855:
7847:
7830:
7825:
7655:
7623:
7611:Voiced lateral
7591:
7566:
7555:
7546:
7535:
7526:
7515:
7493:
7484:
7473:
7464:
7453:
7431:
7422:
7411:
7402:
7391:
7379:
7377:
6995:
6984:
5490:Retroflex
5406:
5385:
5344:ASCII encodings
5332:
5286:
5239:
5228:
5221:
5216:
5172:
5167:
5163:
5134:
5133:
5124:
5123:
5091:
5065:
5030:
4993:
4961:
4934:
4897:
4865:
4844:
4824:
4806:
4787:
4748:
4705:
4646:
4634:
4622:
4572:
4562:
4544:
4484:
4473:
4461:
4446:10.1.1.692.1365
4428:
4415:
4413:
4400:
4395:
4360:
4356:
4347:
4343:
4335:
4331:
4323:
4316:
4308:
4301:
4293:
4291:
4280:
4279:
4248:
4233:
4226:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4196:
4192:
4184:
4180:
4172:
4168:
4160:
4153:
4145:
4141:
4136:
4132:
4124:
4117:
4108:
4107:
4103:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4081:
4077:
4069:
4067:
4063:
4056:
4048:
4041:
4031:
4026:
4022:
4014:
4010:
4002:
3995:
3988:
3984:
3976:
3972:
3964:
3960:
3952:
3948:
3940:
3936:
3928:
3924:
3916:
3912:
3904:
3900:
3892:
3888:
3880:
3876:
3868:
3864:
3856:
3852:
3844:
3837:
3829:
3825:
3816:
3814:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3792:, pp. 3–4.
3790:Arvaniti (2010)
3788:
3784:
3778:Arvaniti (2007)
3776:
3769:
3762:
3746:
3742:
3734:
3730:
3724:Pultrová (2013)
3722:
3718:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3694:
3692:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3672:
3668:
3660:
3653:
3643:Skalozub (1963)
3641:
3632:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3610:
3606:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3584:
3580:
3568:
3564:
3556:
3552:
3544:
3540:
3532:
3528:
3521:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3478:
3335:Contrasts with
3229:, southeast of
3189:Contrasts with
3045:Czech phonology
3018:
3017:
3016:
2974:
2899:
2885:⟩.) The
2815:
2800:
2792:
2779:
2754:
2745:
2735:
2667:
2550:
2512:Contrasts with
2466:
2464:Retroflex trill
2460:
2369:Welsh phonology
2316:
2315:
2314:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2227:Tamil phonology
2112:Contrasts with
2099:
2098:
2097:
1894:Scottish Gaelic
1847:Contrasts with
1795:
1794:
1793:
1698:Malay phonology
1568:Khmer phonology
1453:
1452:
1451:
1328:Contrasts with
1224:
1223:
1222:
1062:Dutch phonology
1004:Czech phonology
998:Contrasts with
922:
755:
754:
753:
657:Modern Standard
588:
418:
398:
396:
295:
270:
255:
247:
242:
231:
223:
210:
185:
175:
168:
125:
93:
51:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9279:
9269:
9268:
9263:
9258:
9253:
9248:
9231:
9230:
9228:
9227:
9220:
9213:
9206:
9199:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9177:
9172:
9167:
9162:
9157:
9152:
9147:
9142:
9137:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9112:
9107:
9102:
9097:
9092:
9087:
9082:
9077:
9072:
9065:
9058:
9051:
9043:
9041:
9037:
9036:
9034:
9033:
9028:
9023:
9018:
9013:
9008:
9003:
8998:
8993:
8988:
8983:
8978:
8973:
8968:
8963:
8958:
8953:
8948:
8943:
8938:
8932:
8930:
8929:Pronunciations
8926:
8925:
8923:
8922:
8917:
8912:
8907:
8902:
8897:
8892:
8887:
8881:
8879:
8875:
8874:
8866:
8865:
8858:
8851:
8843:
8834:
8833:
8830:
8829:
8825:
8824:
8812:
8811:
8806:
8801:
8790:
8784:
8781:
8780:
8777:
8776:
8766:
8759:
8750:
8749:
8747:
8739:
8730:
8729:
8727:
8717:
8710:
8701:
8700:
8698:
8692:
8691:
8689:
8679:
8678:
8676:
8668:
8659:
8658:
8656:
8650:
8649:
8639:
8632:
8623:
8622:
8620:
8610:
8603:
8594:
8593:
8591:
8581:
8574:
8565:
8564:
8562:
8556:
8555:
8545:
8538:
8529:
8528:
8526:
8516:
8515:
8513:
8503:
8496:
8487:
8486:
8484:
8478:
8477:
8467:
8460:
8451:
8450:
8448:
8438:
8431:
8422:
8421:
8419:
8409:
8402:
8393:
8392:
8390:
8384:
8383:
8373:
8366:
8365:
8363:
8361:
8351:
8344:
8335:
8334:
8332:
8326:
8325:
8315:
8308:
8299:
8298:
8296:
8286:
8279:
8270:
8269:
8267:
8257:
8250:
8241:
8240:
8233:
8227:
8226:
8221:
8216:
8211:
8202:
8199:
8198:
8186:
8185:
8182:
8181:
8178:
8177:
8175:
8174:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8154:
8148:
8146:
8135:
8134:
8132:
8131:
8126:
8121:
8115:
8112:
8111:
8105:
8098:
8093:
8090:
8083:
8076:
8075:
8070:
8063:
8056:
8055:
8049:
8039:
8032:
8031:
8027:
8020:
8013:
8012:
8008:Labial–palatal
8006:
7999:
7992:
7991:
7982:
7981:
7973:
7966:
7965:
7960:
7953:
7952:
7948:
7941:
7934:
7933:
7929:
7922:
7915:
7914:
7910:
7903:
7896:
7895:
7890:
7884:
7877:
7876:
7870:
7863:
7862:
7856:
7849:
7848:
7843:
7842:
7841:
7831:
7827:
7826:
7824:
7823:
7818:
7813:
7802:
7796:
7793:
7792:
7789:
7788:
7786:
7779:
7772:
7765:
7758:
7756:
7749:
7747:
7745:
7738:
7732:
7731:
7729:
7722:
7715:
7708:
7701:
7699:
7692:
7690:
7688:
7681:
7678:
7672:
7671:
7669:
7667:
7665:
7663:
7661:
7659:
7650:
7648:
7646:
7644:
7643:Nasal lateral
7640:
7639:
7637:
7635:
7633:
7631:
7629:
7627:
7618:
7616:
7614:
7612:
7608:
7607:
7605:
7603:
7601:
7599:
7597:
7595:
7586:
7584:
7582:
7580:
7573:
7572:
7570:
7568:
7559:
7550:
7541:
7539:
7530:
7521:
7519:
7510:
7504:
7503:
7501:
7499:
7497:
7488:
7479:
7477:
7468:
7459:
7457:
7448:
7442:
7441:
7439:
7437:
7435:
7426:
7417:
7415:
7406:
7397:
7395:
7386:
7381:
7371:
7370:
7368:
7366:
7364:
7362:
7360:
7358:
7351:
7349:
7347:
7345:
7341:
7340:
7338:
7331:
7324:
7317:
7315:
7313:
7306:
7304:
7302:
7300:
7293:
7292:
7290:
7283:
7276:
7269:
7262:
7255:
7248:
7241:
7234:
7227:
7221:
7220:
7218:
7211:
7204:
7197:
7190:
7183:
7176:
7169:
7162:
7160:
7154:
7153:
7146:
7139:
7132:
7125:
7118:
7116:
7109:
7107:
7105:
7098:
7093:
7087:
7086:
7079:
7072:
7065:
7058:
7051:
7044:
7037:
7030:
7023:
7016:
7004:
7003:
7000:
6999:
6983:
6982:
6977:
6972:
6961:
6955:
6952:
6951:
6948:
6947:
6945:
6943:
6941:
6939:
6937:
6935:
6928:
6926:
6919:
6917:
6910:
6903:
6901:
6899:
6892:
6885:
6883:
6881:
6879:
6877:
6875:
6873:
6871:
6869:
6865:
6864:
6862:
6860:
6858:
6856:
6849:
6847:
6840:
6838:
6831:
6829:
6822:
6820:
6818:
6816:
6809:
6807:
6805:
6803:
6801:
6799:
6797:
6795:
6793:
6791:
6787:
6786:
6784:
6782:
6780:
6778:
6776:
6774:
6767:
6760:
6753:
6746:
6739:
6732:
6730:
6728:
6721:
6714:
6712:
6710:
6708:
6706:
6704:
6702:
6700:
6698:
6694:
6693:
6691:
6689:
6687:
6685:
6683:
6681:
6674:
6667:
6660:
6653:
6646:
6639:
6637:
6635:
6628:
6621:
6619:
6617:
6615:
6613:
6611:
6609:
6607:
6605:
6598:
6597:
6595:
6593:
6586:
6579:
6572:
6565:
6563:
6561:
6559:
6557:
6550:
6543:
6541:
6539:
6532:
6525:
6523:
6521:
6519:
6517:
6515:
6513:
6506:
6499:
6493:
6492:
6490:
6488:
6481:
6479:
6472:
6470:
6468:
6466:
6464:
6462:
6455:
6448:
6446:
6444:
6437:
6430:
6428:
6426:
6419:
6417:
6410:
6408:
6401:
6399:
6393:
6392:
6385:
6383:
6381:
6379:
6377:
6375:
6368:
6366:
6359:
6357:
6350:
6348:
6346:
6344:
6337:
6335:
6333:
6331:
6329:
6327:
6320:
6318:
6316:
6314:
6308:
6307:
6300:
6293:
6286:
6279:
6272:
6265:
6258:
6251:
6244:
6237:
6230:
6223:
6216:
6209:
6202:
6195:
6188:
6181:
6174:
6167:
6160:
6153:
6146:
6139:
6135:
6134:
6132:
6130:
6128:
6126:
6124:
6122:
6120:
6118:
6111:
6104:
6097:
6090:
6083:
6076:
6069:
6062:
6060:
6058:
6056:
6054:
6052:
6050:
6048:
6046:
6039:
6038:
6036:
6029:
6022:
6015:
6008:
6001:
5994:
5987:
5980:
5973:
5971:
5969:
5962:
5955:
5948:
5941:
5934:
5927:
5925:
5923:
5916:
5909:
5902:
5895:
5891:
5890:
5888:
5886:
5884:
5882:
5880:
5878:
5876:
5874:
5867:
5860:
5853:
5846:
5839:
5832:
5825:
5818:
5816:
5814:
5812:
5810:
5808:
5806:
5804:
5802:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5783:
5781:
5774:
5767:
5760:
5753:
5746:
5739:
5732:
5725:
5718:
5716:
5714:
5707:
5700:
5698:
5696:
5689:
5682:
5675:
5668:
5661:
5654:
5648:
5647:
5645:
5643:
5641:
5639:
5632:
5625:
5618:
5611:
5604:
5597:
5590:
5583:
5581:
5579:
5572:
5565:
5563:
5561:
5554:
5552:
5545:
5538:
5531:
5524:
5518:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5460:Bilabial
5457:
5450:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5411:
5408:
5407:
5395:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5362:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5340:
5338:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5294:
5292:
5291:Special topics
5288:
5287:
5285:
5284:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5251:
5249:
5241:
5240:
5230:
5229:
5215:
5214:
5207:
5200:
5192:
5186:
5185:
5171:
5170:External links
5168:
5161:
5144:
5143:
5135:|journal=
5094:
5089:
5076:
5063:
5042:
5033:
5028:
5015:
5004:(2): 225–232,
4986:
4975:(1): 117–121,
4964:
4959:
4946:
4937:
4932:
4919:
4908:(1): 107–114,
4890:
4879:(2): 255–259,
4868:
4863:
4847:
4842:
4827:
4823:978-9067652971
4822:
4809:
4804:
4791:
4785:
4771:Maddieson, Ian
4763:
4751:
4746:
4738:Serbo-Croatian
4730:
4719:(2): 261–265,
4708:
4704:978-3895868436
4703:
4690:
4679:(1): 103–107,
4668:
4657:(3): 373–378,
4639:
4625:
4620:
4605:
4594:
4585:
4565:
4560:
4547:
4542:
4529:
4500:(3): 270–272,
4489:
4466:
4421:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4354:
4341:
4339:, pp. 98.
4329:
4314:
4310:Grønnum (2005)
4299:
4246:
4243:on 2016-03-04.
4235:Jerzy Treder.
4224:
4190:
4178:
4166:
4151:
4139:
4130:
4126:Mangold (2005)
4115:
4101:
4087:
4075:
4039:
4030:, p. 288.
4020:
4018:, p. 109.
4016:Merrill (2008)
4008:
3993:
3982:
3980:, p. 255.
3970:
3958:
3956:, p. 135.
3946:
3934:
3932:, p. 374.
3922:
3910:
3898:
3886:
3884:, p. 103.
3874:
3862:
3850:
3835:
3833:, p. 117.
3823:
3794:
3782:
3767:
3760:
3740:
3728:
3716:
3701:
3678:
3666:
3664:, p. 117.
3651:
3630:
3604:
3590:
3578:
3562:
3560:, p. 228.
3550:
3538:
3526:
3519:
3505:Maddieson, Ian
3491:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3484:
3477:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3452:
3446:
3445:
3442:
3439:
3436:
3426:
3420:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3401:
3395:
3394:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3371:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3343:. Merges with
3333:
3330:
3328:
3317:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3273:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3170:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3157:
3150:
3148:
3135:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3123:fricative flap
3119:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3054:
3048:
3047:
3029:
3026:
3014:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2983:
2980:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2949:
2942:
2939:oral consonant
2935:
2928:
2925:alveolar ridge
2910:
2898:
2895:
2887:Kobon language
2819:
2818:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2801:
2786:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2766:
2760:
2759:
2751:
2750:
2742:
2741:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2699:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2676:
2673:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2614:
2613:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2475:
2472:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2430:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2381:
2378:
2372:
2371:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2327:
2324:
2312:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2264:
2252:
2239:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2182:
2175:
2173:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2130:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2110:
2107:
2095:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1963:
1961:Serbo-Croatian
1957:
1956:
1940:; otherwise a
1914:
1911:
1909:
1896:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1806:
1803:
1791:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1734:
1727:
1725:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:Kansai dialect
1513:
1512:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1464:
1461:
1449:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1345:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1283:
1276:
1274:
1251:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1220:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1041:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1013:
1007:
1006:
996:
993:
991:
979:
973:
972:
970:
967:
965:
956:
950:
949:
947:
944:
942:
933:
923:
916:
915:
909:
906:
904:
888:
882:
881:
863:
860:
858:
846:
840:
839:
833:
830:
828:
807:
801:
800:
795:Allophone of /
793:
790:
788:
775:
769:
768:
766:
763:
751:
733:
728:
722:
721:
716:Allophone of /
714:
711:
709:
698:
692:
691:
680:
677:
675:
659:
654:
648:
647:
633:
630:
628:
618:
615:
609:
608:
605:
602:
597:
594:
587:
584:
581:
580:
574:
571:
569:
551:
545:
544:
538:
535:
533:
521:
515:
514:
488:
485:
483:
476:
470:
469:
463:
460:
458:
445:
439:
438:
435:
432:
427:
424:
417:
414:
395:
392:
391:
390:
371:
364:
361:oral consonant
357:
350:
342:
341:
335:
332:alveolar ridge
325:
318:
317:
310:
294:
291:
288:
287:
280:
274:
273:
268:
262:
261:
258:
251:
250:
245:
238:
237:
233:
232:
217:
206:
205:
201:
200:
197:
191:
190:
182:
181:
167:
164:
26:
18:Alveolar trill
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9278:
9267:
9264:
9262:
9259:
9257:
9254:
9252:
9249:
9247:
9244:
9243:
9241:
9225:
9221:
9218:
9214:
9211:
9207:
9204:
9200:
9197:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9158:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9138:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9096:
9093:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9081:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9070:
9069:R with stroke
9066:
9063:
9059:
9056:
9052:
9049:
9045:
9044:
9042:
9038:
9032:
9029:
9027:
9024:
9022:
9019:
9017:
9014:
9012:
9009:
9007:
9004:
9002:
8999:
8997:
8994:
8992:
8989:
8987:
8984:
8982:
8979:
8977:
8974:
8972:
8969:
8967:
8964:
8962:
8959:
8957:
8954:
8952:
8949:
8947:
8944:
8942:
8939:
8937:
8934:
8933:
8931:
8927:
8921:
8918:
8916:
8913:
8911:
8908:
8906:
8903:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8882:
8880:
8876:
8872:
8864:
8859:
8857:
8852:
8850:
8845:
8844:
8841:
8823:
8822:
8821: rounded
8810:
8807:
8805:
8802:
8800:
8795:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8785:
8783:
8782:
8771:
8755:
8748:
8735:
8728:
8722:
8706:
8699:
8697:
8693:
8690:
8684:
8677:
8664:
8657:
8655:
8651:
8644:
8628:
8621:
8615:
8599:
8592:
8586:
8570:
8563:
8561:
8557:
8550:
8534:
8527:
8521:
8514:
8508:
8492:
8485:
8483:
8479:
8472:
8456:
8449:
8443:
8427:
8420:
8414:
8398:
8391:
8389:
8385:
8378:
8364:
8362:
8356:
8340:
8333:
8331:
8327:
8320:
8304:
8297:
8291:
8275:
8268:
8262:
8246:
8234:
8232:
8228:
8225:
8220:
8215:
8210:
8209:
8206:
8205:
8200:
8196:
8191:
8187:
8173:
8170:
8168:
8165:
8163:
8160:
8158:
8155:
8153:
8150:
8149:
8147:
8143:
8130:
8127:
8125:
8122:
8120:
8117:
8116:
8114:
8113:
8102:
8096:
8087:
8080:
8073:
8066:
8060:
8052:
8045:
8043:
8036:
8024:
8017:
8009:
8003:
7996:
7989:
7985:
7976:
7975:Labial–uvular
7970:
7963:
7957:
7945:
7938:
7926:
7919:
7907:
7900:
7893:
7887:
7881:
7873:
7867:
7859:
7853:
7846:
7840:
7839:
7836:
7835:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7812:
7807:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7797:
7795:
7794:
7787:
7784:
7780:
7777:
7773:
7770:
7766:
7763:
7759:
7757:
7754:
7750:
7748:
7746:
7743:
7739:
7737:
7733:
7730:
7727:
7723:
7720:
7716:
7713:
7709:
7706:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7693:
7691:
7689:
7686:
7682:
7677:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7666:
7664:
7662:
7660:
7657:
7651:
7649:
7647:
7645:
7641:
7638:
7636:
7634:
7632:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7619:
7617:
7615:
7613:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7602:
7600:
7598:
7596:
7593:
7587:
7585:
7583:
7581:
7579:
7574:
7571:
7569:
7564:
7560:
7557:
7551:
7548:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7531:
7528:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7511:
7509:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7498:
7495:
7489:
7486:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7469:
7466:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7449:
7447:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7436:
7433:
7427:
7424:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7407:
7404:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7387:
7385:
7376:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7365:
7363:
7361:
7359:
7356:
7352:
7350:
7348:
7346:
7342:
7339:
7336:
7332:
7329:
7325:
7322:
7318:
7316:
7314:
7311:
7307:
7305:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7294:
7291:
7288:
7284:
7281:
7277:
7274:
7270:
7267:
7263:
7260:
7256:
7253:
7249:
7246:
7242:
7239:
7235:
7232:
7228:
7226:
7222:
7219:
7216:
7212:
7209:
7205:
7202:
7198:
7195:
7191:
7188:
7184:
7181:
7177:
7174:
7170:
7167:
7163:
7161:
7159:
7155:
7151:
7147:
7144:
7140:
7137:
7133:
7130:
7126:
7123:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7110:
7108:
7106:
7103:
7099:
7097:
7092:
7088:
7085:
7078:
7071:
7064:
7057:
7050:
7043:
7036:
7029:
7022:
7014:
7011:
7010:
7007:
6998:
6993:
6989:
6981:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6966:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6956:
6954:
6953:
6946:
6944:
6942:
6940:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6911:
6908:
6904:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6893:
6890:
6886:
6884:
6882:
6880:
6878:
6876:
6874:
6872:
6870:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6823:
6821:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6810:
6808:
6806:
6804:
6802:
6800:
6798:
6796:
6794:
6792:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6781:
6779:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6768:
6765:
6761:
6758:
6754:
6751:
6747:
6744:
6740:
6737:
6733:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6722:
6719:
6715:
6713:
6711:
6709:
6707:
6705:
6703:
6701:
6699:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6688:
6686:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6675:
6672:
6668:
6665:
6661:
6658:
6654:
6651:
6647:
6644:
6640:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6629:
6626:
6622:
6620:
6618:
6616:
6614:
6612:
6610:
6608:
6606:
6603:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6587:
6584:
6580:
6577:
6573:
6570:
6566:
6564:
6562:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6551:
6548:
6544:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6533:
6530:
6526:
6524:
6522:
6520:
6518:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6507:
6504:
6500:
6498:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6473:
6471:
6469:
6467:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6456:
6453:
6449:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6438:
6435:
6431:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6402:
6400:
6398:
6394:
6390:
6386:
6384:
6382:
6380:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6351:
6349:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6338:
6336:
6334:
6332:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6321:
6319:
6317:
6315:
6313:
6309:
6305:
6301:
6298:
6294:
6291:
6287:
6284:
6280:
6277:
6273:
6270:
6266:
6263:
6259:
6256:
6252:
6249:
6245:
6242:
6238:
6235:
6231:
6228:
6224:
6221:
6217:
6214:
6210:
6207:
6203:
6200:
6196:
6193:
6189:
6186:
6182:
6179:
6175:
6172:
6168:
6165:
6161:
6158:
6154:
6151:
6147:
6144:
6140:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6129:
6127:
6125:
6123:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6112:
6109:
6105:
6102:
6098:
6095:
6091:
6088:
6084:
6081:
6077:
6074:
6070:
6067:
6063:
6061:
6059:
6057:
6055:
6053:
6051:
6049:
6047:
6045:
6040:
6037:
6034:
6030:
6027:
6023:
6020:
6016:
6013:
6009:
6006:
6002:
5999:
5995:
5992:
5988:
5985:
5981:
5978:
5974:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5963:
5960:
5956:
5953:
5949:
5946:
5942:
5939:
5935:
5932:
5928:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5917:
5914:
5910:
5907:
5903:
5900:
5896:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5885:
5883:
5881:
5879:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5868:
5865:
5861:
5858:
5854:
5851:
5847:
5844:
5840:
5837:
5833:
5830:
5826:
5823:
5819:
5817:
5815:
5813:
5811:
5809:
5807:
5805:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5794:
5791:
5788:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5775:
5772:
5768:
5765:
5761:
5758:
5754:
5751:
5747:
5744:
5740:
5737:
5733:
5730:
5726:
5723:
5719:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5708:
5705:
5701:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5690:
5687:
5683:
5680:
5676:
5673:
5669:
5666:
5662:
5659:
5655:
5653:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5633:
5630:
5626:
5623:
5619:
5616:
5612:
5609:
5605:
5602:
5598:
5595:
5591:
5588:
5584:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5573:
5570:
5566:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5546:
5543:
5539:
5536:
5532:
5529:
5525:
5523:
5519:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5455:
5451:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5427:
5423:
5420:
5419:
5416:
5415:
5409:
5405:
5400:
5396:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5346:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5335:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5303:Case variants
5301:
5299:
5298:Cursive forms
5296:
5295:
5293:
5289:
5283:
5281:
5277:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5246:
5242:
5235:
5231:
5225:
5220:
5213:
5208:
5206:
5201:
5199:
5194:
5193:
5190:
5184:
5180:
5174:
5173:
5166:
5164:
5162:0-87022-070-5
5158:
5153:
5152:
5140:
5128:
5120:
5116:
5112:
5108:
5095:
5092:
5086:
5082:
5077:
5074:
5070:
5066:
5060:
5056:
5052:
5048:
5043:
5039:
5034:
5031:
5025:
5021:
5016:
5012:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4992:
4987:
4983:
4978:
4974:
4970:
4965:
4962:
4956:
4952:
4947:
4943:
4938:
4935:
4929:
4925:
4920:
4916:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4896:
4891:
4887:
4882:
4878:
4874:
4869:
4866:
4860:
4856:
4852:
4848:
4845:
4839:
4835:
4834:
4828:
4825:
4819:
4815:
4810:
4807:
4801:
4797:
4792:
4788:
4786:0-631-19815-6
4782:
4778:
4777:
4772:
4768:
4764:
4760:
4756:
4752:
4749:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4709:
4706:
4700:
4696:
4691:
4687:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4669:
4665:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4645:
4640:
4633:
4632:
4626:
4623:
4617:
4613:
4612:
4606:
4602:
4601:
4595:
4591:
4586:
4582:
4578:
4577:Slovenská Reč
4571:
4566:
4563:
4557:
4553:
4548:
4545:
4539:
4535:
4530:
4527:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4499:
4495:
4490:
4487:on 2016-01-23
4483:
4479:
4472:
4467:
4464:on 2013-12-11
4460:
4456:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4427:
4422:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4402:
4389:
4385:
4381:
4377:
4373:
4369:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4345:
4338:
4333:
4326:
4321:
4319:
4312:, p. 157
4311:
4306:
4304:
4290:on 2013-11-13
4289:
4285:
4284:
4277:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4242:
4238:
4231:
4229:
4220:
4214:
4203:
4202:
4194:
4188:, p. 226
4187:
4182:
4176:, p. 46.
4175:
4170:
4163:
4158:
4156:
4148:
4143:
4134:
4127:
4122:
4120:
4111:
4105:
4097:
4091:
4084:
4083:Bender (1969)
4079:
4066:on 2013-04-03
4062:
4055:
4054:
4046:
4044:
4035:
4029:
4024:
4017:
4012:
4006:, p. 263
4005:
4004:Kleine (2003)
4000:
3998:
3991:
3986:
3979:
3974:
3967:
3962:
3955:
3950:
3944:, p. 21.
3943:
3938:
3931:
3926:
3919:
3918:Kordić (2006)
3914:
3908:, p. 66.
3907:
3902:
3895:
3894:Kordić (2006)
3890:
3883:
3882:Jassem (2003)
3878:
3871:
3866:
3860:, p. 11.
3859:
3854:
3848:, p. 165
3847:
3842:
3840:
3832:
3827:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3798:
3791:
3786:
3779:
3774:
3772:
3763:
3761:9781783162086
3757:
3753:
3752:
3744:
3738:, p. 78.
3737:
3732:
3726:, p. 22.
3725:
3720:
3713:
3712:
3705:
3690:
3689:
3682:
3676:, p. 19.
3675:
3670:
3663:
3658:
3656:
3649:, p. 221
3648:
3644:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3617:
3616:
3608:
3600:
3594:
3587:
3586:Bender (1969)
3582:
3576:, p. 104
3575:
3574:Szende (1999)
3571:
3566:
3559:
3554:
3547:
3542:
3535:
3530:
3522:
3520:0-631-19815-6
3516:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3502:
3496:
3492:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3427:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3350:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3318:
3316:
3315:Gmina Istebna
3313:
3311:
3307:
3304:
3292:
3290:'the kidneys'
3289:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3171:
3169:Some dialects
3168:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3155:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3060:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3046:
3034:
3030:
3027:
3021:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3002:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2936:
2933:
2929:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2880:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2850:
2844:
2842:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2826:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2790:
2776:
2771:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2752:
2743:
2738:
2726:
2723:instead. See
2722:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2644:
2642:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2599:
2591:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2554:
2545:Allophone of
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2458:Post-alveolar
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2391:
2389:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2303:
2301:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2209:
2207:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2111:
2108:
2102:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2068:
2060:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1972:
1970:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1829:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1756:
1755:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1716:
1714:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1586:
1585:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1546:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1390:
1389:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1361:
1354:
1353:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1307:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1285:Allophone of
1284:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1261:
1259:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1227:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1005:
997:
994:
992:
989:
988:
987:
980:
978:
974:
971:
968:
966:
964:
963:ăслан/araslan
962:
957:
955:
951:
948:
945:
943:
939:
934:
931:
927:
924:
921:
918:
917:
914:
910:
907:
905:
901:
899:
895:
889:
887:
883:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
861:
859:
856:
855:
853:
847:
845:
841:
838:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
816:
814:
808:
806:
802:
798:
794:
791:
789:
786:
785:
783:
776:
774:
770:
767:
764:
758:
752:
749:
742:
740:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
723:
719:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
699:
697:
693:
687:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
649:
646:
643:instead. See
640:
635:May be a tap
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
619:
616:
614:
611:
610:
606:
603:
601:
598:
595:
591:
579:
575:
572:
570:
567:
560:
558:
552:
550:
546:
543:
539:
536:
534:
531:
530:
528:
522:
520:
516:
512:
511:post-alveolar
508:
500:
492:
489:
487:'to be small'
486:
484:
481:
477:
475:
471:
468:
464:
461:
459:
456:
455:
453:
446:
444:
440:
436:
433:
431:
428:
425:
421:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
369:
365:
362:
358:
355:
351:
348:
344:
343:
339:
338:post-alveolar
336:
333:
329:
326:
323:
320:
319:
315:
311:
308:
304:
300:
299:
298:
285:
281:
279:
275:
269:
267:
263:
259:
252:
246:
239:
234:
229:
221:
207:
202:
198:
196:
192:
183:
178:
173:
163:
161:
160:ankyloglossia
156:
154:
150:
146:
145:Cypriot Greek
142:
138:
134:
129:
123:
119:
115:
107:
103:
99:
91:
83:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
57:is a type of
56:
49:
45:
41:
33:
19:
8940:
8814:
8091:Labial–velar
8041:
8028:Labial–velar
7949:Labial–velar
7886:Labial–velar
7832:
7378:(top: velar;
7005:
6985:
5412:
5279:
5275:
5150:
5145:
5110:
5080:
5046:
5037:
5019:
5001:
4997:
4972:
4968:
4950:
4941:
4923:
4905:
4901:
4876:
4872:
4854:
4851:Mangold, Max
4832:
4813:
4795:
4775:
4758:
4737:
4716:
4712:
4694:
4676:
4672:
4654:
4650:
4637:, p. 22
4630:
4610:
4599:
4589:
4580:
4576:
4551:
4534:Język polski
4533:
4497:
4493:
4482:the original
4477:
4459:the original
4436:
4432:
4414:, retrieved
4409:
4371:
4367:
4357:
4349:
4344:
4332:
4292:, retrieved
4288:the original
4282:
4241:the original
4200:
4193:
4181:
4174:Lodge (2009)
4169:
4142:
4133:
4128:, p. 53
4104:
4090:
4078:
4068:, retrieved
4061:the original
4052:
4023:
4011:
3985:
3973:
3961:
3949:
3937:
3925:
3920:, p. 4.
3913:
3901:
3896:, p. 5.
3889:
3877:
3872:, p. 6.
3865:
3853:
3826:
3815:, retrieved
3811:the original
3806:
3797:
3785:
3750:
3743:
3731:
3719:
3710:
3704:
3693:, retrieved
3687:
3681:
3669:
3622:, retrieved
3614:
3607:
3593:
3588:, p. xv
3581:
3565:
3553:
3541:
3529:
3509:
3495:
3456:
3430:
3405:
3376:
3322:
3279:
3233:and west of
3175:
3092:
3067:
3058:
3007:
2900:
2848:
2846:
2840:
2838:
2832:
2828:
2822:
2773:Audio sample
2705:
2640:
2532:
2498:
2434:
2395:
2387:
2346:
2299:
2205:
2166:
2136:
2088:
2041:
2010:
1979:
1968:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1902:
1876:
1833:
1784:
1753:
1712:
1682:
1648:
1617:
1593:
1583:
1553:
1493:
1442:
1412:
1387:
1351:
1315:
1305:
1268:
1257:
1213:
1183:
1152:
1149:
1123:
1120:
1081:
1078:
1046:
985:
960:
897:
893:
851:
822:
812:
781:
765:'cannonball'
738:
703:
679:'saw' (verb)
669:
622:
556:
540:Apical. See
526:
451:
296:
204:Audio sample
158:People with
157:
130:
105:
101:
97:
79:postalveolar
54:
52:
43:
42:. For other
31:
9203:Real number
9062:R with tail
8869:The letter
8053:approximant
7988:approximant
6312:Approximant
5381:IPA Braille
5359:Kirshenbaum
5178:[r]
4583:(2): 92–102
4410:Mayo Clinic
4327:, p. ?
3858:Kara (2003)
3736:Torp (2001)
3695:26 December
3662:Lass (1987)
3332:'(he) died'
2626:'ebb tide'
2610:palatalized
2569:Marshallese
491:Palatalized
474:Marshallese
84:is ⟨
59:consonantal
9240:Categories
9217:Enclosed R
9040:Variations
8915:Guttural R
8804:full chart
8330:Near-close
8124:full chart
8046:(variable)
7816:full chart
7299:affricate
6975:full chart
6604:affricate
5404:Consonants
5376:IPA number
5238:IPA topics
4439:: 97–208,
4416:22 October
4398:References
4294:2013-11-06
4070:2013-11-24
3870:Nau (1998)
3266:Portuguese
2764:IPA Number
2716:'nonsense'
2555:or simply
2462:See also:
2428:Tilquiapan
2356:'December'
1861:Guttural R
1826:Portuguese
1640:Lithuanian
1404:Indonesian
1338:Hindustani
995:'chlorine'
713:'basement'
462:'that way'
394:Occurrence
248:r
195:IPA Number
155:dialects.
153:Portuguese
120:that have
92:symbol is
9048:R rotunda
8910:Rhotacism
8654:Near-open
8388:Close-mid
8072:Implosive
8065:Velarized
7984:Fricative
7736:Voiceless
7676:Implosive
7225:Fricative
7158:Affricate
6992:voiceless
6044:fricative
6042:Sibilant
5800:affricate
5447:Laryngeal
5337:Encodings
5137:ignored (
5127:cite book
5119:0777-3692
5073:249404451
4853:(2005) ,
4441:CiteSeerX
4388:163493476
4213:cite book
3624:April 19,
3450:Tsakonian
3353:Jablunkov
3301:as . See
3251:Nowy Targ
3225:, around
3219:Działdowo
3086:Kashubian
3031:May be a
2937:It is an
2932:phonation
2863:fricative
2652:'to play'
2590:velarized
2563:instead.
2292:Ukrainian
2024:May be a
1705:Malayalam
1422:'vibrate'
886:Bulgarian
696:Aragonese
613:Afrikaans
573:'zealous'
537:'quickly'
499:velarized
443:Hungarian
359:It is an
354:phonation
243:(decimal)
106:trilled R
102:rolling R
63:languages
8815:Legend:
8809:template
8788:IPA help
8560:Open-mid
8129:template
8119:IPA help
8095:Ejective
8067:alveolar
7821:template
7800:IPA help
7091:Ejective
6980:template
6959:IPA help
6397:Tap/flap
5797:Sibilant
5480:Alveolar
5111:'r-atics
4773:(1996).
4757:(2005),
4736:(2006),
4644:"Slovak"
4526:22028516
4350:Tlalocan
3803:"βορράς"
3507:(1996).
3476:See also
3459:ινοδίτζη
3310:Silesian
3271:European
3247:Racibórz
3102:'river'
3052:Dzongkha
2979:Language
2972:Examples
2957:pulmonic
2944:It is a
2921:alveolar
2897:Features
2805:Encoding
2697:Standard
2672:Language
2665:Variable
2509:'donkey'
2471:Language
2403:'bridge'
2380:Standard
2326:'motion'
2268:Chonburi
2249:chonbùri
2238:Standard
2179:rambutan
1886:'bright'
1764:'drawer'
1475:Japanese
1250:Standard
1175:Estonian
1162:'bright'
1116:Scottish
1057:'window'
1040:Standard
926:Dangyang
871:Morbihan
773:Asturian
726:Armenian
617:Standard
593:Language
586:Alveolar
519:Romanian
423:Language
379:pulmonic
366:It is a
330:(at the
328:alveolar
293:Features
254:Unicode
236:Encoding
149:Armenian
137:Albanian
131:In many
98:rolled R
75:alveolar
9055:Insular
8878:General
8819:•
8219:Central
8051:Lateral
7892:Plosive
7680:Voiced
7578:lateral
7576:Tenuis
7567:
7297:Lateral
6602:Lateral
5652:Plosive
5515:Glottal
5495:Palatal
5437:Coronal
5354:X-SAMPA
5183:PHOIBLE
4924:Latvian
4517:3200025
3817:5 March
3441:'hand'
3415:'frog'
3399:Spanish
3387:'river'
3237:, from
3235:Siedlce
3227:Wołomin
3211:Olsztyn
3203:Malbork
3186:'river'
3077:'bone'
2990:Meaning
2918:laminal
2855:laminal
2811:X-SAMPA
2768:122 429
2683:Meaning
2632:Russian
2598:rounded
2582:'whale'
2491:Catalan
2482:Meaning
2423:Zapotec
2376:Yiddish
2284:'girls'
2222:'bird'
2215:paravai
2169:ambutan
2159:Tagalog
2125:Swedish
2080:Spanish
2034:Slovene
1851:. Many
1844:'mouse'
1759:/ghórra
1610:Latvian
1504:'from'
1463:'earth'
1434:Italian
1396:patthar
1367:'stone'
1360:patthar
1325:'north'
1298:Cypriot
1206:Finnish
1194:'floor'
1069:English
969:'lion'
954:Chuvash
920:Chinese
908:'work'
832:'night'
805:Bengali
784:amienta
731:Eastern
604:Meaning
549:Russian
509:), are
507:rounded
434:Meaning
278:Braille
266:X-SAMPA
241:Entity
141:Spanish
114:English
90:X-SAMPA
8797:
8195:Vowels
8044:-sound
7809:
7446:Voiced
7384:Tenuis
6988:voiced
6968:
5959:t̠ɹ̠̊˔
5505:Uvular
5475:Dental
5454:Manner
5442:Dorsal
5432:Labial
5159:
5117:
5087:
5071:
5061:
5026:
4957:
4930:
4861:
4840:
4820:
4802:
4783:
4744:
4701:
4695:Kyrgyz
4618:
4558:
4540:
4524:
4514:
4443:
4386:
4374:: 20.
3758:
3691:, 1984
3517:
3366:Slovak
3223:Wieleń
3215:Olecko
3207:Lubawa
3165:Polish
3154:summer
3145:tařgab
3130:Ormuri
3043:. See
3028:'four'
2993:Notes
2859:raised
2793:·
2791:
2789:source
2692:German
2686:Notes
2647:/igrať
2606:dental
2525:Gokana
2516:. See
2485:Notes
2367:. See
2345:Rhagfy
2243:ชลบุรี
2188:. See
2147:'good'
2116:. See
2071:. See
2052:'rice'
2021:'neck'
2002:Slovak
1990:'cape'
1913:'true'
1816:. See
1805:'step'
1776:Polish
1745:Nepali
1693:'less'
1628:'horn'
1602:'song'
1575:Kyrgyz
1133:'curd'
1084:e city
1082:tta th
1011:Danish
896:абота/
877:. See
862:'king'
844:Breton
792:'tool'
652:Arabic
607:Notes
501:) and
437:Notes
416:Dental
347:apical
322:dental
316:may be
260:U+0072
224:·
222:
220:source
118:German
82:trills
77:, and
71:dental
9196:Raidô
8799:audio
8231:Close
8214:Front
8145:Other
8079:ɠ̊͜ɓ̥
7845:Nasal
7811:audio
7508:Nasal
7375:Click
6970:audio
6497:Trill
5966:d̠ɹ̠˔
5522:Nasal
5500:Velar
5426:Place
5349:SAMPA
5224:chart
5069:S2CID
4994:(PDF)
4898:(PDF)
4647:(PDF)
4635:(PDF)
4573:(PDF)
4485:(PDF)
4474:(PDF)
4462:(PDF)
4429:(PDF)
4384:S2CID
4205:(PDF)
4064:(PDF)
4057:(PDF)
3619:(PDF)
3488:Notes
3243:Opole
3239:Brzeg
3111:Kobon
3070:u-tog
2999:Czech
2825:Czech
2795:
2704:Schma
2604:, is
2561:]
2557:[
2412:]
2408:[
2338:Welsh
2278:Titan
2197:Tamil
2109:'dog'
2069:]
2065:[
2061:]
2057:[
1869:Scots
1814:]
1810:[
1731:rummy
1722:rummy
1670:Malay
1658:'and'
1538:Khmer
1530:'leg'
1343:Hindi
1280:artos
1246:Greek
1234:'raw'
1167:Welsh
1145:Welsh
1036:Dutch
977:Czech
946:quilt
900:abota
688:]
684:[
641:]
637:[
632:'red'
566:ŕjaný
529:epede
334:), or
307:trill
256:(hex)
226:
104:, or
9120:R̄r̄
9105:R̃r̃
9067:Ɍɍ (
9060:Ɽɽ (
9053:Ꞃꞃ (
9046:Ꝛꝛ (
8696:Open
8224:Back
8101:t͡pʼ
7335:q𝼄ʼ
7328:k𝼄ʼ
7321:c𝼆ʼ
7187:t̠ʃʼ
7173:t̪θʼ
7166:p̪fʼ
7096:Stop
6547:ɽ̊r̥
6213:ɹ̠̊˔
5945:tɹ̝̊
5366:TIPA
5280:JIPA
5157:ISBN
5139:help
5115:ISSN
5085:ISBN
5059:ISBN
5024:ISBN
4955:ISBN
4928:ISBN
4859:ISBN
4838:ISBN
4818:ISBN
4800:ISBN
4781:ISBN
4742:ISBN
4699:ISBN
4616:ISBN
4556:ISBN
4538:ISBN
4522:PMID
4418:2013
4219:link
4034:help
3819:2014
3756:ISBN
3697:2020
3626:2013
3515:ISBN
3438:or
3339:and
3295:/sr/
3193:and
3139:تڒګب
3061:་ཏོག
3039:and
2982:Word
2963:and
2951:Its
2930:Its
2912:Its
2905:Its
2839:rybá
2797:help
2675:Word
2608:and
2602:/rʲ/
2594:/rʷ/
2592:and
2586:/rˠ/
2542:'we'
2474:Word
2365:/r̥/
2329:See
2234:Thai
2225:See
2150:See
1948:and
1946:/ɾʲ/
1879:icht
1859:and
1767:See
1754:र्रा
1736:See
1715:മ്മി
1675:کورڠ
1661:See
1631:See
1566:See
1545:ត្រី
1524:Kele
1466:See
1425:See
1411:geta
1379:Urdu
1370:See
1350:पत्थ
1237:See
1216:aaka
1197:See
1155:ight
1108:AAVE
1060:See
1000:/r̝/
984:chlo
911:See
869:and
867:Léon
748:ŕumb
741:ումբ
702:sota
596:Word
559:яный
503:/rʷ/
495:/rˠ/
426:Word
385:and
373:Its
352:Its
312:Its
301:Its
228:help
151:and
116:and
53:The
9222:℞ (
9215:Ⓡ (
9208:® (
9201:ℝ (
9194:ᚱ (
9190:Rnd
8482:Mid
8086:ɠ͡ɓ
7969:q͡p
7956:q͡ʡ
7944:ɡ͡b
7937:k͡p
7925:ɖ͡b
7918:ʈ͡p
7906:d͡b
7899:t͡p
7880:ŋ͡m
7866:ɳ͡m
7852:n͡m
7547:ɴ𝼊
7545:ŋ𝼊
7485:ɢ𝼊
7483:ɡ𝼊
7423:q𝼊
7421:k𝼊
7310:tɬʼ
7215:qχʼ
7208:kxʼ
7201:tɕʼ
7194:tʂʼ
7180:tsʼ
6907:𝼈̥
6678:ɡʟ̝
6671:k𝼄
6664:ɟʎ̝
6657:c𝼆
6650:d𝼅
6227:ɻ̊˔
6220:ɹ̠˔
5952:dɹ̝
5938:d̪ð
5931:t̪θ
5920:b̪v
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