516:
268:. Much to their delight, the shul allowed the new young members to lead services at least once each month. As they led the services, the Young Israel members introduced some small stylistic changes, that were acceptable to the Orthodox wing and would make the service more palatable to the Young Israel congregants. The changes included singing many parts of the prayer service, and the distribution of worship honors equally, where they had traditionally gone to established, wealthy congregants who could pay for them.
3037:
580:
355:
would require their eviction. The synagogue claimed that they were co-owners of the building. Eventually, a deal was made involving two other parties, the building sold, and NCYI moved its small staff to leased office space in lower
Manhattan. However, the other two parties eventually had a falling-out, leading to the synagogue's eviction.
301:, and was able to convince the entire Young Israel to follow Revel's advice. Between Revel, and extensive networking by Bunim with other potential Young Israel leaders in the Orthodox community, the Conservative rabbis, particularly Kaplan, were shut out of the entire organization, and the movement became firmly Orthodox.
411:- "The Young Israel Movement in Israel", encompassing over 50 synagogues in Israel. It is a grassroots organization administrated on the congregational model, taking its direction from local and national lay leadership as well as rabbis and professional staff. Its socio-cultural outlook is strongly influenced by the
338:
Later in the decade, the synagogue network grew to about 25. The central organization developed a Wall Street office with a full-time staff. The office began publishing material regularly for branches and Young Israel members. A few years later, branches starting opening outside of New York. By 1935,
562:
In 1945, when NCYI bought its headquarters building on West 16th Street, it also fostered the development of new branch synagogue on site, The Young Israel of Fifth Avenue. This became a point of contention over 50 years later, when NCYI sold the building. Eventually, due to this rift, the synagogue
455:
The main divisions are
Synagogue Services, Rabbinical Services, and a Benevolent Association (burial society). Additional components of the organization are the Women's League, the InterCollegiate Council (ICC), Youth department, American Friends of Yisrael Hatzair, and the Council of Rabbis. There
354:
Through 2006, NCYI headquarters was at 3 West 16th Street, a valuable property that it owned. Young Israel of Fifth Avenue leased its synagogue in the same building from NCYI. When NCYI sought to sell the building in 2002, the synagogue sued for breach of their long-standing arrangement, as the sale
309:
To bolster this success, in 1922 the
Orthodox leaders added some basic Orthodox-oriented requirements to the Young Israel charter, such as synagogue requirements for regularly-held services, Torah study, separation of men and women. In 1924, the central group organized a convention for all the other
571:
This was one of the earliest branches, and the affiliate that then-president Irving Bunim chose as the leader, in the 1930s, for instituting rabbinic leadership of Young Israel synagogues. At the time, it was one of the larger shuls, and was initially against getting a rabbi. By winning over such a
241:
movement, and they sought to use Young Israel to establish a youth platform for the
Conservative movement; until the end of World War I, Young Israel had two groups, the firmly Orthodox, and the more liberal group that worked with the Conservatives. According to Kraut (1998), Kaplan "worked for the
296:
By 1920, Bunim and his
Orthodox cohort grew nervous about the Conservative wing and their increasing theological changes. They did not like the changes in and of themselves, and these changes also prevented recognition of Young Israel by Orthodox rabbis, which would likely cause Young Israel to
288:
By the end of World War I, the two Lower East Side groups shared a name, but little else. The
Conservative group promoted the seminars, and the Orthodox group was focused on prayer. They reached a truce in 1918 and agreed to join forces in more than just name, and created a single Young Israel
275:
building. The young people had taken over the shul, itself a novel experience. However, it was not directly linked to the Young Israel lecture series, only sharing a common group of leaders, and the common idea of refreshing
Orthodoxy for younger Jews. Recognizing its potential for young Jews
167:
with a network of affiliated "Young Israel" synagogues. Young Israel was founded in 1912, in its earliest form, by a group of 15 young Jews on the Lower East Side of
Manhattan. Their goal was to make Orthodox Judaism more relevant to young Americanized Jews at a time when a significant Jewish
207:
into Reform and secular
American society. In 1911, Max Grablowsky, Joshua Horowitz and Benjamin Koenigsberg determined to organize a way to present an orthodox alternative to young people. It developed informally with two programs, one for education and one for worship. After consulting with
402:
Many older Young Israel synagogues have declined and closed, but others still thrive. NCYI serves as the national coordinating agency for nearly 150 Orthodox congregations of nearly 25,000 member families throughout the United States and Canada. NCYI also serves as a resource to its sister
426:
s requirement that no women or converts to
Judaism could serve as President of any of its synagogues. This has alienated some Young Israels. According to the Jewish Star, the rabbi of a synagogue with a female president was threatened by NCYI's leadership.
598:
Established well before World War II as Young Israel of Boro Park, during the 1980s Young Israel merged with the Congregation Beth El of Borough Park, founded in 1902, to form Young Israel Beth El of Borough Park. The merged congregation worships from the
371:: "New York Attorney General Eliot Spitzer, renowned for his jousts with the titans of corporate America, recently saw his own office tied in knots and thrown into turmoil during a three-year investigation into a small Orthodox synagogue organization."
297:
become a de facto branch of the Conservative movement. The merger created two years before had also caused the Conservatives to start trying to make changes in the Synagogue arm, which had been exclusively Orthodox. He sought the help of Rabbi
224:
The group developed a Friday night (Sabbath) lecture series in 1912, given in English. Judah Magnes delivered the inaugural address, attended by thousands. This was a major innovation in the Orthodox world. They were initially advised by rabbis
212:, the enlarged group, which was calling itself the Hebrew Circle, renamed itself Young Israel. Benjamin Koenigsberg, the first Orthodox Jewish American attorney loaned his law office to the organization. 1911 also saw the first issue of the
526:
The congregation is particularly noted for the architecture of its building. In 1994 the synagogue building suffered a severe fire, caused by a deteriorated electrical panel In 1996, the Young Israel dedicated a new building designed by
310:
groups that had emulated them (by setting up their own original Young Israel lectures and shuls). The other neighborhood groups agreed to abide by the charter. By 1926, the organization was incorporated, and owned the trademarked name,
199:
movement had been expanding rapidly for about 40 years, and with its relaxed religious codes, secularly-educated leadership, and English orientation, attracted an increasing number of young people away from the folds of Orthodoxy.
485:
A 2018 statement issued by the head of a major internal committee regarding juggling of political alignments in the administration of Israel's Prime Minister led, after various Tweets and press releases, to the breakaway of an
314:
Any new shuls wishing to use the name would have to get agreement from the central organization, which required subscription to the charter. This prevented any Young Israel shul from moving toward Conservative practice.
614:
The second largest branch is that of Young Israel of Deerfield Beach in Century Village, with about 1000 members. During the winter months, "with almost 120 men attending, the Daf Yomi class is America's largest."
1317:
563:
disaffiliated with Young Israel, and is now known as the Sixteenth Street Synagogue. As of 2013, it does not have its own quarters, and other area synagogues host prayer services that 16th Street members attend.
279:
The first name of the shul was prescient. Young Jews in other neighborhoods were soon starting their own Young Israel shuls. However, each was independent, with only informal connections to the original group.
418:
In recent decades, the Orthodox world has seen an increase in women's involvement in synagogue services, except for Haredi institutions. The practice has spread to several Young Israel branches. It is
327:'s Constitution, gave it rights to proceeds of a sale by a failing branch of assets, with these funds benefitting the community or other branches. In 2021 a vote was made to nullify this provision.
415:, with strong support of Israel as the homeland for the Jewish people. Congregations belonging to NCYI are generally named "Young Israel of...", followed by the name of the city or neighborhood.
1719:
Kraut, Benny "A Modern Heretic and a Traditional Community: Mordecai M. Kaplan, Orthodoxy, and American Judaism" American Jewish History - Volume 86, Number 3, September 1998, pp. 357–363
512:
described it as, "an influential synagogue described as modern or centrist Orthodox.". It is known for the high level of Jewish scholarship among both the men and women of the congregation.
1810:
175:
Today, Young Israel continues to promote Orthodox involvement of modern American Jews, while also advocating for the issues most relevant to its members, including support for Israel and
191:
were striving primarily for social and economic advancement, often leaving their religious observances behind. Because most jobs required working on Saturdays, observance of the Jewish
443:
To promote Orthodox values (eating kosher, observing the Sabbath, marrying fellow Jews), NCYI opened kosher dining programs on major USA college campuses. The first one opened at
1881:
1936:
335:
By 1925, Young Israel was extending into social services, and formed a support agency for Sabbath-observant employment that included job placement and vocational training.
2388:
1321:
2273:
1130:
1254:
3072:
2746:
1803:
2221:
2437:
276:
everywhere, they named themselves "The Model Synagogue Organization." However, they recognized the synergy with the forums, and renamed the shul Young Israel.
1109:
1068:
3077:
2283:
2258:
271:
Though the shul predated its Young Israel members, within months, they had attracted so many new young members, that they outgrew the store and moved to the
1659:
1906:
203:
A group of young Orthodox Jews decided to do what they could to make Orthodox Judaism more relevant to their peers, and combat the wave of assimilation by
2263:
2022:
1886:
1796:
258:. David Warshaw traces the origins of the new synagogue to the summer of 1913, when some members of the YI seminar group were asked into a storefront
2268:
1916:
1513:
A synagoge debates a woman's place as Young Israel emerges from the ashes, its members reconcile age-old traditions with modern ways. (Irene Gillis,
644:
532:
535:. Instead of stained glass, the building uses art glass that has the effect of scattering rainbows over the congregation. Notable members include
2278:
2250:
1478:
384:
3041:
1413:
Rabbi Sturm championed the idea that students could practice their religion without hindrance and be able to obtain kosher food at universities
1044:
1381:
2378:
1974:
490:-based branch that had joined NCYI in 1994. NCYI's president acknowledged that another branch had left the organization five years prior.
1460:
1535:
Synagogue will be rebuilt, members say Brookline fire's origin questioned. (Matthew Brelis, James Vaznis, Boston Globe, January 12, 1994
2452:
351:
status. The main headquarters, having been located at 3 West 16 street for over half a century, is now located in Paramus, New Jersey.
3062:
2677:
2624:
2422:
2184:
1891:
2846:
2195:
2161:
2007:
2243:
611:
Young Israel of Woodmere is by far the branch with the largest congregation. There are approximately 1,250 families as of 2018.
717:
387:. The new administration has made significant changes in the organization: moving the national office out of Manhattan, putting
2203:
234:
1367:
2217:
1241:
For many decades the key professional staff of the National Council -- Rabbi Pesach Lerner and previously Rabbi Ephraim Sturm
952:
786:
1403:
1279:
2165:
2047:
1951:
1504:
Living Their Faith: Modern Orthodox Jews are blending best of both worlds. (Richard Higgins, Boston Globe, August 19, 2000)
600:
593:
2157:
1843:
1187:
547:
is a former rabbi of the Young Israel. Since 2014, the rabbi of Young Israel of Brookline has been Rabbi David Hellman.
2207:
2100:
1926:
1896:
1732:
1563:
911:
900:
830:
3082:
1901:
1159:
1017:
694:
422:, and most rabbis do not allow it. On advice of its rabbinical board, to help stanch the trend, NCYI implemented the
3067:
2721:
379:
In July 2013, Rabbi Perry Tirschwell assumed the position of Executive Director. His predecessors included Rabbis
2067:
1344:
624:
359:
2641:
2442:
2190:
2133:
2180:
2151:
1969:
972:"Review of A Modern Heretic and a Traditional Community: Mordecai M. Kaplan, Orthodoxy, and American Judaism"
2383:
1690:
Young Israel will hold an open house Saturday night for all intermediates at the Young Israel of Boro Park.
926:
17:
684:
419:
3022:
2884:
2700:
1931:
1632:
339:
there were branches in New York, New England, Chicago, and elsewhere in the Midwest, Canada, and Israel.
2894:
2662:
1941:
1722:
1212:
1088:
886:
412:
255:
233:
on topics and speakers. According to Bunim, Friedlander and Kaplan were affiliates of the Conservative
2524:
2129:
2062:
1921:
1866:
1684:
1589:
Brecher, Elinor J. (September 21, 1996). "How 'doing what's right' made mill owner a workers' hero".
1387:
723:
251:
2832:
2213:
2095:
2027:
1871:
1544:
Synagogue fire is traced to faulty circuit breaker (Matthew Brelis, Boston Globe, January 14, 1994)
520:
2012:
1838:
686:
A Fire in His Soul: Irving M. Bunim, 1901–1980, the Man and His Impact on American Orthodox Jewry
540:
2147:
1232:
2939:
2889:
2839:
2714:
2707:
2693:
2553:
2472:
2338:
2143:
2139:
2037:
1946:
1876:
1702:
573:
2769:
2567:
2560:
2529:
1443:
943:
778:
347:
NCYI, the movement's umbrella, is a not-for-profit service organization, as defined by their
2790:
2686:
2427:
2342:
1984:
1911:
817:
Stein, David (2012). "Benjamin Koenigsberg and the Birth of the Young Israel Movement". In
467:
272:
238:
1679:
1433:
the latter originated in the days of 'if you don't come in Saturday, don't come in Monday'
8:
2797:
2616:
2601:
2199:
2042:
391:
on hold; and creation of two monthly publications whose goal is to share best practices:
76:
1788:
1725:
Young Israel at 100: An American Response to the Challenges of Orthodox Living 1912–2012
2899:
2735:
2546:
2299:
2052:
1833:
1637:
1553:
Fire-damaged Brookline temple reopens. (Karen Avenaso, Boston Globe, November 18, 1996)
1407:
1217:
1164:
1093:
1073:
991:
444:
226:
456:
are also departments with a focus on seniors, singles and an employment departments.
2955:
2949:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2825:
2811:
2467:
2432:
2373:
2308:
2017:
1848:
1728:
1013:
983:
948:
934:
918:
836:
826:
818:
792:
782:
690:
176:
645:"National Council of Young Israel replaces entire board in pivot away from politics"
515:
2762:
2648:
2462:
1135:
1114:
892:
878:
768:
551:
536:
160:
43:
2783:
2654:
2492:
2482:
2105:
2057:
1723:
Kornreich Yaakov; Saibel, Joel; Hart Strober, Deborah; Strober, Gerald " (2012).
1283:
230:
2728:
2477:
2363:
2176:
1526:
Architecture for the Gods by Michael J. Crosbie, Images Publishing Group, p. 84
196:
1069:"A House Divided, and for Sale; Real Estate Splits Jewish Group and Synagogue"
1045:"Newly Installed Young Israel Board to Attempt Historical Constitution Change"
572:
prominent dissenter, Bunim succeeded in setting a trend for all branches, and
3056:
3001:
2632:
2497:
2487:
2368:
2333:
1819:
1363:
987:
840:
796:
380:
362:
298:
188:
164:
89:
61:
1567:
854:
435:
The Young Israel Council of Rabbis is the rabbinic arm of the organization.
3017:
2915:
2755:
2671:
2347:
1591:
938:
508:
463:
290:
209:
947:. Vol. 21 (2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference. p. 402.
2610:
2588:
774:
544:
528:
367:
995:
971:
2996:
2961:
2944:
2920:
2318:
1030:
742:
1382:"Young Israel Plans Kosher Fraternity Houses in American Universities"
2818:
2574:
1660:"Pages of Our Life: The Siyum Celebration, Completion of Baba Metzia"
579:
348:
242:
Young Israel initiative that in conception was nondenominational..."
156:
1606:
1012:, Brandeis University Press, University Press of New England, 1999,
2991:
2804:
2090:
2085:
2032:
1479:"How partisan politics are dividing an Orthodox synagogue movement"
1010:
Shul with a Pool: The "synagogue-center" in American Jewish History
883:
Community and Polity: The Organizational Dynamics of American Jewry
1320:. Yeshiva University Commentator. December 3, 2007. Archived from
2595:
2581:
2399:
2395:
487:
192:
172:-speaking and oriented to an older, European Jewish demographic.
169:
1778:
897:
The Conservative Movement in Judaism: Dilemmas and Opportunities
2986:
2776:
2002:
1633:"Aaron Feuerstein, Mill Owner Who Refused to Leave, Dies at 95"
404:
265:
195:
was rare, as were many other traditions. At the same time, the
142:
65:
1937:
Office of the Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat Antisemitism
1773:
1188:"Probe of Shul Group Had N.Y. Crimebuster's Office in Tangles"
358:
The organization had been subject to an investigation by then-
116:
2981:
2933:
1768:
1748:
1664:
770:
The Lander Legacy: The Life Story of Rabbi Dr. Bernard Lander
1753:
250:
The first Young Israel synagogue was established in 1913 on
2926:
2328:
2323:
2312:
2304:
1979:
1491:
US Jews Resent Bid To limit Legitimacy (James L. Franklin,
1259:
Queens Jewish Link | Connecting the Queens Jewish Community
554:
donated $ 1,000,000 to help it rebuild after a major fire.
260:
917:
Benny Kraut, "Jewish Survival in Protestant American", in
1917:
Jewish Institute for National Security of America (JINSA)
1887:
Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law (LDB)
1818:
204:
1758:
718:"Revision of Sunday Laws Asked to Aid Sabbath Observers"
168:
education was rare, and most Orthodox institutions were
868:
For Kaplan and Friedlander founding Young Israel, see:
1783:
1763:
1157:
1062:
1060:
1058:
923:
Minority Faiths and the American Protestant Mainstream
531:. The building has a wrought-iron menorah sculpted by
216:, a bimonthly that continued publication until 1988.
1461:"Atlanta Orthodox synagogue breaks from Young Israel"
823:
Jews : a people's history of the Lower East Side
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
658:
603:–listed synagogue on 15th Avenue in Brooklyn.
587:
150:
1055:
438:
1282:. National Council of Young Israel. Archived from
618:
908:Jewish Choices: American Jewish Denominationalism
655:
430:
293:, who would be president of NCYI for many years.
3054:
2329:North American Federation of Temple Youth (NFTY)
2008:American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC)
862:
642:
3073:Jewish organizations based in the United States
1361:
1066:
557:
550:It was founded by Samuel Feuerstein, whose son
283:
1342:
982:(3). Johns Hopkins University Press: 357–363.
933:Freidman, Jeanette (2007). "Young Israel". In
1804:
873:Mordecai Kaplan's Thought In a Postmodern Age
825:. New York: Clayton Books. pp. 238–242.
3078:Modern Orthodox Judaism in the United States
1759:Young Israel of Pelham Parkway Jewish Center
1272:
1131:"After Long Feud, Shul Evicted From 16th St"
1110:"After Long Feud, Shul Evicted From 16th St"
737:
735:
506:is located in Brookline, Massachusetts. The
498:
1897:Jewish Community Relations Councils (JCRCs)
1107:
566:
1811:
1797:
1630:
682:
519:Congregation Beth Judah - Young Israel of
1672:
1345:"No female presidents, says Young Israel"
1318:"Leaking Ship: Young Israel on the Rocks"
1158:Wakin, Daniel J. [ (September 11, 2003).
732:
2196:United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism
2162:Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association
1769:Young Israel of Brookline, Massachusetts
1255:"Ghosts Of YI, When Orthodoxy Was Urban"
1252:
963:
932:
578:
514:
1588:
762:
760:
636:
27:American Orthodox Jewish network, 1912-
14:
3055:
2305:B'nai B'rith Youth Organization (BBYO)
1253:KADINSKY, SERGEY (December 23, 2020).
1186:Popper, Nathaniel (December 9, 2005).
1185:
643:Helen Chernikoff (February 21, 2021).
493:
2443:World Union of Jewish Students (WUJS)
2218:Central Conference of American Rabbis
2120:(and associated rabbinical membership
1820:Jews and Judaism in the United States
1792:
1749:National Council of Young Israel, NYC
1128:
969:
816:
766:
342:
2048:Middle East Media Research Institute
1952:Jewish Democratic Council of America
1160:"Manhattan: Synagogue Wins Reprieve"
757:
601:National Register of Historic Places
594:Young Israel Beth El of Borough Park
264:at 205 East Broadway, to complete a
2158:Jewish Reconstructionist Federation
1844:Jewish Federations of North America
420:controversial in the Orthodox world
24:
1927:National Jewish Democratic Council
1779:Young Israel of Greater Pittsburgh
1764:Young Israel of East Brunswick, NJ
1444:"American Jewish Year Book (1984)"
1404:"STURM--Rabbi Chaplain Ephraim H."
912:State University of New York Press
901:State University of New York Press
365:'s Charities Bureau. According to
25:
3094:
1902:Jewish Council for Public Affairs
1742:
1129:Eller, Sandy (February 1, 2013).
1067:Daniel J. Wakin (June 30, 2003).
906:Bernard Melvin Lazerwitz (1998).
689:. New York: Feldheim Publishers.
588:Young Israel Beth-El of Boro Park
583:Young Israel Beth-El of Boro Park
3063:National Council of Young Israel
3036:
3035:
1860:(not exclusively Israel-focused)
1688:. New York City. March 7, 1935.
1343:Michael Orbach (June 23, 2010).
1108:Sandy Eller (February 1, 2013).
439:Young Israel Kosher Dining clubs
131:National Council of Young Israel
35:National Council of Young Israel
2364:College Jewish studies programs
2077:Major domestic and neighborhood
2068:Zionist Organization of America
1774:Young Israel of Cherry Hill, NJ
1713:
1695:
1652:
1631:Clay Risen (November 5, 2021).
1624:
1599:
1582:
1556:
1547:
1538:
1529:
1520:
1507:
1498:
1485:
1471:
1453:
1436:
1427:
1424:focus: synagogue youth programs
1418:
1396:
1374:
1355:
1336:
1310:
1298:
1246:
1233:"The Defeatist Pro-Israel Camp"
1225:
1205:
1179:
1151:
1122:
1101:
1081:
1037:
1023:
1002:
625:List of Young Israel Synagogues
619:List of Young Israel Synagogues
360:New York State Attorney General
318:
2642:Jewish News of Greater Phoenix
2191:Society for Humanistic Judaism
1784:Young Israel of West Hempstead
847:
821:; Schneider, Mareleyn (eds.).
810:
710:
480:
431:Young Israel Council of Rabbis
13:
1:
2890:Jewish Life Television (JLTV)
2181:Rabbinical Council of America
1970:American Jewish World Service
629:
245:
2339:United Synagogue Youth (USY)
2269:Orthodox and Modern Orthodox
1980:Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society
1975:Joint Distribution Committee
1858:Major advocacy organizations
1827:Major communal organizations
1754:Young Israel of Aberdeen, NJ
927:University of Illinois Press
871:S. Daniel Breslauer (1994).
558:Young Israel of Fifth Avenue
459:Intercollegiates published:
450:
284:Centralization and Orthodoxy
7:
2885:Jewish Broadcasting Service
2701:Pittsburgh Jewish Chronicle
1932:Republican Jewish Coalition
1907:Jewish environmental groups
304:
235:Jewish Theological Seminary
219:
187:Early in the 20th century,
151:
10:
3099:
2895:National Jewish Television
2122:and policy body; seminary)
1942:White House Jewish Liaison
1368:"Keeping Kosher on Campus"
887:Jewish Publication Society
622:
606:
591:
413:Religious Zionist Movement
182:
3031:
3023:Super Sunday phone-a-thon
3011:Major communal activities
3010:
2974:
2908:
2877:
2745:
2538:
2525:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
2517:
2510:
2451:
2415:
2408:
2356:
2292:
2231:
2130:Agudath Israel of America
2114:
2076:
2063:Tzofim Friendship Caravan
1993:
1960:
1867:American Jewish Committee
1857:
1826:
1703:"Summer Camp for Seniors"
1685:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
1564:"Architectural Glass Art"
1388:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
895:, Rela M. Geffen (2000).
859:(as listed at [[WorldCat)
724:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
504:Young Israel of Brookline
499:Young Israel of Brookline
330:
146:
111:
103:
95:
82:
71:
57:
49:
39:
34:
3083:Orthodox Jewish outreach
2833:San Diego Jewish Journal
2379:See template for schools
2214:Union for Reform Judaism
2115:Major religious movement
2096:Secure Community Network
2079:assistance organizations
2028:Israeli-American Council
1882:Conference of Presidents
1872:American Jewish Congress
1849:Local Jewish Federations
1839:Jewish Community Centers
875:. Scholars Press. p. 25.
855:"Young Israel Viewpoint"
576:became the first rabbi.
567:Young Israel of Flatbush
521:Worcester, Massachusetts
374:
3068:501(c)(3) organizations
2438:Orthodox student groups
2409:Major university groups
2134:Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah
2013:Americans for Peace Now
1892:Religious Action Center
1049:eJewishPhilanthropy.com
976:American Jewish History
743:"Young Israel:About Us"
649:eJewishPhilanthrpoy.com
2940:Jewish Virtual Library
2840:San Diego Jewish World
2715:Washington Jewish Week
2708:St. Louis Jewish Light
2694:New Jersey Jewish News
2554:Baltimore Jewish Times
2473:Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi
2144:Vaad Rabonei Lubavitch
2140:Agudas Chasidei Chabad
2038:Jewish Voice for Peace
1947:Jewish Labor Committee
1922:Jewish Women's Archive
1877:Anti-Defamation League
1668:. 1943. p. Cover.
1280:"About NCYI – History"
584:
574:Rabbi Solomon Sharfman
523:
214:Young Israel Viewpoint
2568:Cleveland Jewish News
2561:Charlotte Jewish News
2530:Jewish News Syndicate
1607:"Rabbi David Hellman"
1495:, December 17, 1988).
970:Kraut, Benny (1998).
944:Encyclopaedia Judaica
779:KTAV Publishing House
767:Weisz, Peter (2013).
582:
518:
289:organization, led by
75:50 Eisenhower Drive,
2791:Jewish Sports Review
2687:New York Jewish Week
1994:Major Israel-focused
1985:United Israel Appeal
1912:Jewish Future Pledge
1705:. February 28, 2019.
1392:. February 14, 1957.
1239:. November 9, 2010.
1237:Israel National News
1051:. February 20, 2021.
273:Educational Alliance
239:Conservative Judaism
163:organization in the
2798:Jewish World Review
2618:The Jewish Exponent
2603:The Jewish Advocate
2293:Youth organizations
2200:Rabbinical Assembly
2148:Tomchei Tmimim-U.S.
2043:Masa Israel Journey
1324:on December 7, 2008
1286:on November 4, 2013
893:Daniel Judah Elazar
879:Daniel Judah Elazar
728:. January 15, 1952.
683:Amos Bunim (1964).
494:Well-known branches
447:in September 1956.
88:205 East Broadway,
77:Paramus, New Jersey
2900:The Jewish Channel
2736:Yeshiva World News
2626:The Jewish Journal
2547:Algemeiner Journal
2300:Jewish summer camp
2232:List of synagogues
1961:Major humanitarian
1638:The New York Times
1570:on August 21, 2009
1408:The New York Times
1218:The New York Times
1165:The New York Times
1094:The New York Times
1074:The New York Times
935:Berenbaum, Michael
819:Patterson, Clayton
781:. pp. 12–13.
585:
524:
445:Cornell University
343:3 West 16th Street
227:Israel Friedlander
107:~25,000 affiliates
3050:
3049:
2970:
2969:
2868:We Are in America
2634:The Jewish Ledger
2506:
2505:
2468:Alpha Epsilon Phi
2433:Masorti on Campus
2374:Jewish day school
2274:Reconstructionist
2123:
2018:Birthright Israel
954:978-0-02-866097-4
919:Jonathan D. Sarna
788:978-1-60280-228-5
254:, on Manhattan's
177:Religious Zionism
127:
126:
16:(Redirected from
3090:
3039:
3038:
2649:The Jewish Press
2515:
2514:
2463:Alpha Epsilon Pi
2423:Chabad on Campus
2413:
2412:
2236:
2119:
1813:
1806:
1799:
1790:
1789:
1738:
1707:
1706:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1603:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1566:. Archived from
1560:
1554:
1551:
1545:
1542:
1536:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1518:
1511:
1505:
1502:
1496:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1481:. March 5, 2019.
1475:
1469:
1468:
1467:. June 13, 2019.
1457:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1425:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1411:. July 7, 2015.
1400:
1394:
1393:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1314:
1308:
1305:Hilchot Melachim
1302:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1221:. July 24, 1979.
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1136:The Jewish Press
1126:
1120:
1119:
1115:The Jewish Press
1105:
1099:
1098:
1097:. July 10, 1979.
1085:
1079:
1078:
1064:
1053:
1052:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1027:
1021:
1008:Kaufman, David.
1006:
1000:
999:
967:
961:
958:
866:
860:
858:
851:
845:
844:
814:
808:
807:
805:
803:
764:
755:
753:
751:
749:
739:
730:
729:
714:
708:
707:
705:
703:
680:
653:
652:
640:
537:Aaron Feuerstein
466:'s five booklet
403:organization in
397:Practical Pulpit
161:Orthodox Judaism
154:
152:Yisrael Hatza'ir
148:
123:
120:
118:
112:Official website
44:Orthodox Judaism
32:
31:
21:
3098:
3097:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3027:
3006:
2966:
2956:Tablet Magazine
2904:
2873:
2784:Jewish Currents
2777:Emunah Magazine
2741:
2664:The Jewish Star
2656:Jewish Standard
2534:
2502:
2493:Tau Epsilon Phi
2483:Sigma Delta Tau
2454:
2447:
2404:
2352:
2288:
2234:
2233:
2227:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2110:
2106:Tomchei Shabbos
2078:
2072:
2058:New Israel Fund
2053:Nefesh B'Nefesh
1995:
1989:
1962:
1956:
1859:
1853:
1822:
1817:
1745:
1735:
1716:
1711:
1710:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1643:
1641:
1629:
1625:
1615:
1613:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1587:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1548:
1543:
1539:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1490:
1486:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1419:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1360:
1356:
1349:The Jewish Star
1341:
1337:
1327:
1325:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1303:
1299:
1289:
1287:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1263:
1261:
1251:
1247:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1196:
1194:
1184:
1180:
1170:
1168:
1156:
1152:
1142:
1140:
1127:
1123:
1106:
1102:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1065:
1056:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1007:
1003:
968:
964:
955:
867:
863:
853:
852:
848:
833:
815:
811:
801:
799:
789:
765:
758:
747:
745:
741:
740:
733:
716:
715:
711:
701:
699:
697:
681:
656:
641:
637:
632:
627:
621:
609:
596:
590:
569:
560:
552:Aaron Mordechai
501:
496:
483:
468:Hashkafa series
453:
441:
433:
409:Yisrael Hatzair
377:
345:
333:
321:
307:
286:
256:Lower East Side
248:
231:Mordecai Kaplan
222:
185:
115:
87:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3096:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2959:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2930:
2923:
2918:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2864:
2857:
2850:
2843:
2836:
2829:
2822:
2815:
2808:
2801:
2794:
2787:
2780:
2773:
2766:
2759:
2751:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2697:
2690:
2683:
2675:
2668:
2660:
2652:
2645:
2638:
2630:
2622:
2614:
2607:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2478:Sigma Alpha Mu
2475:
2470:
2465:
2459:
2457:
2455:and sororities
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2419:
2417:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2389:Torah Umesorah
2386:
2381:
2371:
2366:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2302:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2247:
2239:
2237:
2235:(by movements)
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2211:
2193:
2188:
2177:Orthodox Union
2174:
2169:
2155:
2137:
2126:
2124:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2082:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
1999:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1966:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1863:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1816:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1744:
1743:External links
1741:
1740:
1739:
1734:978-1475157925
1733:
1720:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1694:
1680:"Young Israel"
1671:
1651:
1623:
1598:
1581:
1555:
1546:
1537:
1528:
1519:
1517:, May 18, 1995
1506:
1497:
1484:
1470:
1452:
1435:
1426:
1417:
1395:
1373:
1354:
1335:
1309:
1297:
1271:
1245:
1224:
1204:
1178:
1150:
1139:. Brooklyn, NY
1121:
1100:
1080:
1054:
1036:
1031:"Constitution"
1022:
1020:, pp. 202–203.
1001:
962:
960:
959:
953:
930:
921:(ed.) (1998).
915:
904:
890:
876:
861:
846:
832:978-0985788322
831:
809:
787:
756:
731:
709:
695:
654:
634:
633:
631:
628:
623:Main article:
620:
617:
608:
605:
592:Main article:
589:
586:
568:
565:
559:
556:
533:David Tonnesen
500:
497:
495:
492:
482:
479:
478:
477:
471:
452:
449:
440:
437:
432:
429:
393:Shul Solutions
376:
373:
344:
341:
332:
329:
320:
317:
312:Young Israel.
306:
303:
285:
282:
247:
244:
221:
218:
184:
181:
125:
124:
113:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
97:
93:
92:
84:
80:
79:
73:
69:
68:
59:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
41:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3095:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3043:
3034:
3033:
3030:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3003:
3002:SawYouAtSinai
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2795:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2729:Vos Iz Neias?
2726:
2724:
2723:
2722:Yated Ne'eman
2719:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2513:
2509:
2499:
2498:Zeta Beta Tau
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2488:Tau Delta Phi
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2450:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2416:Organizations
2414:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2397:
2394:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2369:Hebrew school
2367:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2334:Tzivos Hashem
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2230:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2117:organizations
2113:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:organizations
1992:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:organizations
1959:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1814:
1809:
1807:
1802:
1800:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1736:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1704:
1698:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1655:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1627:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1594:
1593:
1585:
1569:
1565:
1559:
1550:
1541:
1532:
1523:
1516:
1510:
1501:
1494:
1488:
1480:
1474:
1466:
1462:
1456:
1445:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1399:
1391:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1369:
1365:
1364:Ephraim Sturm
1358:
1350:
1346:
1339:
1323:
1319:
1313:
1306:
1301:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1260:
1256:
1249:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1208:
1193:
1189:
1182:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1154:
1143:September 11,
1138:
1137:
1132:
1125:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1104:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1084:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1032:
1026:
1019:
1018:0-87451-893-8
1015:
1011:
1005:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
966:
956:
950:
946:
945:
940:
939:Skolnik, Fred
936:
931:
928:
924:
920:
916:
913:
909:
905:
902:
898:
894:
891:
888:
884:
880:
877:
874:
870:
869:
865:
856:
850:
842:
838:
834:
828:
824:
820:
813:
798:
794:
790:
784:
780:
776:
772:
771:
763:
761:
744:
738:
736:
727:
725:
719:
713:
698:
696:9780873064736
692:
688:
687:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
650:
646:
639:
635:
626:
616:
612:
604:
602:
595:
581:
577:
575:
564:
555:
553:
548:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
522:
517:
513:
511:
510:
505:
491:
489:
476:, a newspaper
475:
472:
469:
465:
462:
461:
460:
457:
448:
446:
436:
428:
425:
421:
416:
414:
410:
406:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
385:Pesach Lerner
382:
381:Ephraim Sturm
372:
370:
369:
364:
363:Eliot Spitzer
361:
356:
352:
350:
340:
336:
328:
326:
316:
313:
302:
300:
299:Bernard Revel
294:
292:
281:
277:
274:
269:
267:
263:
262:
257:
253:
252:East Broadway
243:
240:
236:
232:
228:
217:
215:
211:
206:
201:
198:
194:
190:
189:American Jews
180:
178:
173:
171:
166:
165:United States
162:
158:
153:
144:
140:
136:
132:
122:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
96:Congregations
94:
91:
90:New York City
85:
81:
78:
74:
70:
67:
63:
62:United States
60:
56:
53:David Warshaw
52:
48:
45:
42:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3040:
3018:Siyum HaShas
2954:
2932:
2925:
2916:AskMoses.com
2866:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2754:
2734:
2727:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2672:Jewish Voice
2670:
2663:
2655:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2625:
2617:
2609:
2602:
2594:
2587:
2580:
2573:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2539:News outlets
2453:Fraternities
2348:Young Judaea
2284:Unaffiliated
2259:Conservative
2249:
2244:by US states
2242:
2172:Young Israel
2171:
1834:B'nai B'rith
1724:
1714:Bibliography
1697:
1689:
1683:
1674:
1663:
1654:
1642:. Retrieved
1636:
1626:
1614:. Retrieved
1610:
1601:
1592:Miami Herald
1590:
1584:
1572:. Retrieved
1568:the original
1558:
1549:
1540:
1531:
1522:
1515:Boston Globe
1514:
1509:
1500:
1493:Boston Globe
1492:
1487:
1473:
1464:
1455:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1412:
1406:
1398:
1385:
1376:
1357:
1348:
1338:
1328:December 30,
1326:. Retrieved
1322:the original
1312:
1304:
1300:
1288:. Retrieved
1284:the original
1274:
1262:. Retrieved
1258:
1248:
1240:
1236:
1227:
1216:
1207:
1197:December 18,
1195:. Retrieved
1191:
1181:
1169:. Retrieved
1163:
1153:
1141:. Retrieved
1134:
1124:
1113:
1103:
1092:
1083:
1072:
1048:
1039:
1025:
1009:
1004:
979:
975:
965:
942:
922:
907:
896:
882:
872:
864:
849:
822:
812:
802:December 23,
800:. Retrieved
769:
746:. Retrieved
721:
712:
700:. Retrieved
685:
648:
638:
613:
610:
597:
570:
561:
549:
525:
509:Boston Globe
507:
503:
502:
484:
473:
464:Aryeh Kaplan
458:
454:
442:
434:
423:
417:
408:
401:
396:
392:
388:
378:
366:
357:
353:
346:
337:
334:
324:
322:
319:Constitution
311:
308:
295:
291:Irving Bunim
287:
278:
270:
259:
249:
223:
213:
210:Judah Magnes
202:
186:
174:
139:Young Israel
138:
134:
130:
128:
119:.youngisrael
72:Headquarters
29:
18:Young Israel
2611:The Forward
2589:Di Tzeitung
2208:AJU-Ziegler
1616:January 14,
1290:November 4,
1192:The Forward
1171:October 11,
775:Jersey City
748:December 5,
545:Saul Berman
541:Jeff Jacoby
529:Graham Gund
481:Controversy
407:, entitled
368:The Forward
147:ישראל הצעיר
3057:Categories
2997:Matzo Ball
2962:Yeshiva.co
2945:Kosher.com
2921:Chabad.org
2878:Television
2770:Commentary
2518:News wires
2319:Bnei Akiva
2264:Humanistic
1644:January 8,
1264:August 23,
630:References
246:Synagogues
2819:Mishpacha
2747:Magazines
2575:Der Blatt
2384:Schechter
2357:Education
1386:JTA.org (
988:0164-0178
889:. p. 133.
841:829062303
797:817721763
722:JTA.org (
451:Divisions
389:Viewpoint
349:501(c)(3)
157:synagogue
149:,
50:President
3042:Category
2992:Lox Club
2909:Websites
2805:Kindline
2620:(Phila.)
2185:RIETS-YU
2091:Hatzalah
2086:Chaverim
2033:J Street
2023:Hadassah
1727:. NCYI.
1574:July 23,
1213:"Deaths"
1089:"Deaths"
996:23886287
941:(eds.).
929:. p. 33.
914:. p. 19.
903:. p. 24.
881:(1995).
702:June 11,
543:. Rabbi
305:Charters
237:and the
220:Seminars
155:), is a
40:Theology
2679:JWeekly
2636:(Conn.)
2605:(Bost.)
2596:Hamodia
2582:Der Yid
2400:Mesivta
2396:Yeshiva
2187:, etc.)
2154:, etc.)
2136:; etc.)
2101:Shomrim
1465:JNS.org
607:Largest
488:Atlanta
474:Masorah
424:Rambam'
325:Council
193:Sabbath
183:History
170:Yiddish
159:-based
104:Members
2987:JSwipe
2975:Dating
2950:Mosaic
2861:Tikkun
2854:Tablet
2826:Moment
2812:Lilith
2681:(S.F.)
2666:(N.Y.)
2658:(N.J.)
2628:(L.A.)
2428:Hillel
2343:Kadima
2279:Reform
2251:Former
2003:Ameinu
1731:
1362:Rabbi
1016:
994:
986:
951:
839:
829:
795:
785:
693:
405:Israel
331:Growth
266:minyan
197:Reform
143:Hebrew
83:Origin
66:Canada
58:Region
2982:JDate
2934:Jewcy
2847:SAPIR
2763:Binah
2511:Media
1665:Siyum
1447:(PDF)
1307:, 1:5
992:JSTOR
375:Today
137:) or
86:1912
2927:Heeb
2324:NCSY
2204:JTSA
1729:ISBN
1646:2023
1618:2023
1576:2010
1330:2008
1292:2013
1266:2023
1199:2019
1173:2007
1145:2013
1014:ISBN
984:ISSN
949:ISBN
837:OCLC
827:ISBN
804:2022
793:OCLC
783:ISBN
750:2007
704:2011
691:ISBN
539:and
395:and
383:and
323:The
261:shul
229:and
205:Jews
141:(in
135:NCYI
129:The
121:.org
64:and
2756:Ami
2313:BBG
2309:AZA
2222:HUC
2166:RRC
2152:RCA
1611:YIB
470:and
117:www
99:135
3059::
2398:/
2341:/
2311:/
2220:;
2206:/
2202:;
2183:;
2164:;
2150:,
2146:;
1682:.
1662:.
1635:.
1609:.
1463:.
1384:.
1366:.
1347:.
1257:.
1235:.
1215:.
1190:.
1162:.
1133:.
1112:.
1091:.
1071:.
1057:^
1047:.
990:.
980:86
978:.
974:.
937:;
925:.
910:.
899:.
885:.
835:.
791:.
777::
773:.
759:^
734:^
720:.
657:^
647:.
399:.
179:.
145::
2315:)
2307:(
2224:)
2216:(
2210:)
2198:(
2179:(
2168:)
2160:(
2142:(
2132:(
1812:e
1805:t
1798:v
1737:.
1648:.
1620:.
1595:.
1578:.
1449:.
1390:)
1370:.
1351:.
1332:.
1294:.
1268:.
1201:.
1175:.
1147:.
1118:.
1077:.
1033:.
998:.
957:.
857:.
843:.
806:.
754:.
752:.
726:)
706:.
651:.
133:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.