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Venetian language

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1189: 322: 280: 1341: 457: 294: 308: 1702: 1727: 12605: 1794:, Venetian forms plurals in a manner similar to standard Italian. Nouns and adjectives can be modified by suffixes that indicate several qualities such as size, endearment, deprecation, etc. Adjectives (usually postfixed) and articles are inflected to agree with the noun in gender and number, but it is important to mention that the suffix might be deleted because the article is the part that suggests the number. However, Italian is influencing Venetian language: 557: 358: 372: 5660: 3620: 1041: 244: 386: 337: 565: 11331: 259: 12229: 230: 3132:. In those dialects that have both types, the precise phonetic realization of ⟨ł⟩ depends both on its phonological environment and on the dialect of the speaker. In Venice and its mainland as well as in most of central Veneto (excluding the peripheral provinces of Verona, Belluno and some islands of the lagoon) the realization is a non-syllabic (usually described as nearly like an "e" and so often spelled as 10891:/ 'mangiasse', ecc., come, rispettivamente, bilabiale, apicodentale, palatale; per quanto riguarda gli allòfoni e la loro distribuzione, è da notare dorsovelare, cfr. 'anche', e, regolarmente in posizione finale: 'padrone', 'temperino': come questa, è caratteristica v e n e t a la realizzazione velare anche davanti a cons. d'altro tipo, cfr. , it. ; , it. ; 'ungere', , it. , ecc. 8988: 1923:. While it may help novice speakers, Venetian was never written with this letter. In this article, this symbol is used only in Veneto dialects of Venetian language. It will suffice to know that in Venetian language the letter L in word-initial and intervocalic positions usually becomes a "palatal allomorph", and is barely pronounced. 10703:
I dialetti settentrionali formano un blocco abbastanza compatto con molti tratti comuni che li accostano, oltre che tra loro, qualche volta anche alla parlate cosiddette ladine e alle lingue galloromanze ... Alcuni fenomeni morfologici innovativi sono pure abbastanza largamente comuni, come la doppia
6601:
More recently, on December 14, 2017, the Modern International Manual of Venetian Spelling was approved by the new Commission for Spelling of 2010. It was translated into three languages (Italian, Venetian and English) and it exemplifies and explains every single letter and every sound of the Venetian
2110:
also has clitic subject pronouns, but the rules are somewhat different. The function of clitics is particularly visible in long sentences, which do not always have clear intonational breaks to easily tell apart vocative and imperative in sharp commands from exclamations with "shouted indicative". For
1026:
with regional law no. 8 of 13 April 2007 "Protection, enhancement and promotion of the linguistic and cultural heritage of Veneto". Though the law does not explicitly grant Venetian any official status, it provides for Venetian as object of protection and enhancement, as an essential component of the
3740:
As a direct descent of regional spoken Latin, Venetian lexicon derives its vocabulary substantially from Latin and (in more recent times) from Tuscan, so that most of its words are cognate with the corresponding words of Italian. Venetian includes however many words derived from other sources (such
3716:
While written Venetian looks similar to Italian, it sounds very different, with a distinct lilting cadence, almost musical. Compared to Italian, in Venetian syllabic rhythms are more evenly timed, accents are less marked, but on the other hand tonal modulation is much wider and melodic curves are
2117:
marks the indicative verb and its masculine singular subject, otherwise there is an imperative preceded by a vocative. Although some grammars regard these clitics as "redundant", they actually provide specific additional information as they mark number and gender, thus providing number-/gender-
1997:) is used with the 2nd and 3rd person singular, and with the 3rd person plural. This feature may have arisen as a compensation for the fact that the 2nd- and 3rd-person inflections for most verbs, which are still distinct in Italian and many other Romance languages, are identical in Venetian. 891:
Even before the demise of the Republic, Venetian gradually ceased to be used for administrative purposes in favor of the Tuscan-derived Italian language that had been proposed and used as a vehicle for a common Italian culture, strongly supported by eminent Venetian humanists and poets, from
6598:, to allow a more unified orthography for all variants of the language. However, in spite of their theoretical advantages, these proposals have not been very successful outside of academic circles, because of regional variations in pronunciation and incompatibility with existing literature. 6030:
were often used interchangeably for both voiced and voiceless sounds. Differences between earlier and modern pronunciation, divergences in pronunciation within the modern Venetian-speaking region, differing attitudes about how closely to model spelling on Italian norms, as well as personal
5737:– Academy of the Venetian Language, an NGO accredited according to the UNESCO 2003 Convention for the Venetian language and culture had already worked, tested, applied and certified a full writing system (presented in a scientific publication in linguistics in 2016), known with the 6602:
language. The graphic accentuation and punctuation systems are added as corollaries. Overall, the system was greatly simplified from previous ones to allow both Italian and foreign speakers to learn and understand the Venetian spelling and alphabet in a more straightforward way.
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Regarding the spelling of the vowel sounds, because in Venetian, as in Italian, there is no contrast between tense and lax vowels in unstressed syllables, the orthographic grave and acute accents can be used to mark both stress and vowel quality at the same time:
6222:, both in word-initial as well as in intervocalic contexts, has become increasingly common, but no entirely uniform convention has emerged for the representation of the voiced vs. voiceless affricates (or interdental fricatives), although a return to using 9291:
Many words were exported to English, either directly or via Italian or French. The list below shows some examples of imported words, with the date of first appearance in English according to the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary.
700:) even by some of its speakers, the label is primarily geographic. Venetian is a separate language from Italian, with many local varieties. Its precise place within the Romance language family remains somewhat controversial. Both 1621:
All these variants are mutually intelligible, with a minimum 92% in common among the most diverging ones (Central and Western). Modern speakers reportedly can still understand Venetian texts from the 14th century to some extent.
793:), they used Venetian in their comedies as the speech of the common folk. They are ranked among the foremost Italian theatrical authors of all time, and plays by Goldoni and Gozzi are still performed today all over the world. 3741:
as ancient Venetic, Greek, Gothic, and German), and has preserved some Latin words not used to the same extent in Italian, resulting in many words that are not cognate with their equivalent words in Italian, such as:
9010: 10287: 6322:. Different orthographic norms prescribe slightly different rules for when stressed vowels must be written with accents or may be left unmarked, and no single system has been accepted by all speakers. 822: 1433:, Venetian diphthongization occurs in historically open syllables. On the other hand, Venetian does share many other traits with its surrounding Gallo-Italic languages, like interrogative 2935:(which has the same meaning). The voiceless interdental fricative occurs in Bellunese, north-Trevisan, and in some Central Venetian rural areas around Padua, Vicenza and the mouth of the 990:, 'only the name is foreign'). In other cases advertisements in Veneto are given a "Venetian flavour" by adding a Venetian word to standard Italian: for instance an airline used the verb 10704:
serie pronominale soggetto (non sempre in tutte le persone) ... Ma più spesso il veneto si distacca dal gruppo, lasciando così da una parte tutti gli altri dialetti, detti gallo-italici.
9015:("Dialogue of Ruzante who came from the battlefield", 1529). The character, a peasant returning home from the war, is expressing to his friend Menato his relief at being still alive: 5734: 1259:
region, and some of their descendants have preserved the language to this day. People from Chipilo have gone on to make satellite colonies in Mexico, especially in the states of
9263:
Due to the diacritic letter Ł being present in few languages besides Polish and Venetian, the latter of which does not have any official recognition by software producers like
1495:
gave their name to the city and region, which is why the modern language has a similar name, while their language may have also left a few traces in modern Venetian as a
11022: 11128: 5807:— sometimes with certain additional letters or diacritics. The basis for some of these conventions can be traced to Old Venetian, while others are modern innovations. 3717:
more intricate. Stressed and unstressed syllables sound almost the same; there are no long vowels, and there is no consonant lengthening. Compare the Italian sentence
3908: 3902: 9670:, a small Greek island off the Peloponnese once owned by the Venetian Republic and a source of strong, sweet white wine from Greece and the eastern Mediterranean 6022:
The usage of letters in medieval and early modern texts was not, however, entirely consistent. In particular, as in other northern Italian languages, the letters
10603: 1372:, and according to others, it is not related to either one. Although both Ethnologue and Glottolog group Venetian into the Gallo-Italic languages, the linguists 10948:
Official profile of the Academia de ła Bona Creansa (Accredited NGO, UNESCO 2003 Convention, 2022), at the "ICH NGO" Forum, collecting all the accredited NGOs
10300: 10539: 10633: 1174: 827: 813: 9188: 5278: 5272: 5014: 5004: 3311:, whereas the northern variety deletes vowels also after dental stops and velars; the eastern and western varieties are in between these two extremes. 6550:, but only when the resulting word is not too different from the Italian orthography: in modern Venetian writings, it is then easier to find words as 12593: 12571: 11023:"SOTTOSCRIZIONE E RICONOSCIMENTO DEL CONSIGLIO REGIONALE VENETO DELLA "DICHIARAZIONE DI BRUXELLES" DEL 9 DICEMBRE 2015 E DEI PRINCIPI IVI AFFERMATI" 9097: 1387:, Venetian does not share some traits with these immediate neighbors. Some scholars stress Venetian's characteristic lack of Gallo-Italic traits ( 2950:
is more typical of older speakers and speakers living outside of major cities, it has come to be socially stigmatized, and most speakers now use
14612: 10777: 10146: 5776:. The same writing system was then employed for the first grammar of the Venetian language to be published by a university, in Brasil, in 2018 1453:. In addition, Venetian has some unique traits which are shared by neither Gallo-Italic, nor Italo-Dalmatian languages, such as the use of the 9279:, although the same article found in an unrepresentative sample that when needing the letter without the keyboard, some Venetians google the 11374: 11319: 1985:
subject pronoun before the verb in many sentences, echoing the subject as an ending or a weak pronoun. Independent/emphatic pronouns (e.g.
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Nowadays, DECA-GVIM writing system is still very criticized by Venetian speakers, therefore neither them nor the Regione Veneto use it.
9191:. The elderly narrator is recalling the church choir singers of his youth, who, needless to say, sang much better than those of today 10344: 942:
extended the presence of the Venetian language eastward. Previously the dialect of Trieste had been a Rhaeto Romance dialect known as
11790: 11297: 10984: 10875:
b) n a s a l i: esistono, come nello 'standard', 3 fonemi, /m/, /n/, /ń/, immediatamente identificabili da /
2826: 621:, where most of the five million inhabitants can understand it. It is sometimes spoken and often well understood outside Veneto: in 5120: 1275:, where other Italian migrants have settled since the late 19th century. The people of Chipilo preserve their dialect and call it 6159:). Nevertheless, in some books the two pronunciations are sometimes distinguished (in between vowels at least) by using doubled 6031:
preferences, some of which reflect sub-regional identities, have all hindered the adoption of a single unified spelling system.
3684: 953:
Internal migrations during the 20th century also saw many Venetian-speakers settle in other regions of Italy, especially in the
11030: 9271:, the Polish magazine KomputerSwiat noted that the Venice region has the highest usage of Polish keyboard settings outside of 3813: 3656: 13174: 12586: 12036: 11177: 11005: 10968: 9538: 13106: 11523: 11000:(in Venetian) (1st ed.). Santa Maria, RS, Brasil: UFSM - BR (1st ed.), El Fóntego Editore - IT (2nd ed.). p. 124. 1446: 97: 12909: 12904: 4659: 3303:. The extent to which final vowels are deleted varies by dialect: the central–southern varieties delete vowels only after 12848: 12736: 12559:
Venetian is either grouped with the rest of the Italo-Dalmatian or the Gallo-Italic languages, depending on the linguist.
9486:
from Gheto, the area of Cannaregio in Venice that became the first district confined to Jews; named after the foundry or
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In recent studies on Venetian variants in Veneto, there has been a tendency to write the so-called "evanescent L" as
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It is also spoken in North and South America by the descendants of Italian immigrants. Notable examples of this are
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Nevertheless, in practice, most spelling conventions are the same as in Italian. In some early modern texts letter
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between 1870 and 1905, and between 1945 and 1960. Venetian migrants created large Venetian-speaking communities in
10547: 9896:"slave"; used originally in Venetian to mean "your servant", "at your service"; original word pronounced "s-ciao" 3330:
is always velarized, which is especially obvious in the pronunciation of many local Venetian surnames that end in
2878:
Some dialects of Venetian have certain sounds not present in Italian, such as the interdental voiceless fricative
1930:
words seem to have survived in present Venetian, but there may be more traces left in the morphology, such as the
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Full text of the regional bill establishing the Committee, on the Official regional gazette of the Veneto Region)
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Recently there have been attempts to standardize and simplify the script by reusing older letters, e.g. by using
6273: 3530: 2752: 529: 6574:, even though all these four words display the same phonological variation in the position marked by the letter 2118:
agreement between the subject(s) and the verb, which does not necessarily show this information on its endings.
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Il dialetto veneto di Segusino e Chipilo: fonologia, grammatica, lessico veneto, spagnolo, italiano, inglese
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characteristic of standard Italian, Tuscan, Neapolitan and other languages of southern Italy; thus Italian
2977: 2961: 2953: 2788: 2768: 2670: 1736: 1542: 1352:. Its classification has always been controversial: According to Tagliavini, for example, it is one of the 14046: 13449: 8964: 8943: 8934: 8913: 8892: 8871: 8854: 8833: 8815: 8794: 8776: 8755: 8737: 8733: 8709: 8700: 8696: 8692: 8688: 8667: 8658: 8636: 8632: 8626: 8617: 8596: 8566: 8562: 8558: 8554: 8530: 8504: 8495: 8474: 8453: 8449: 8425: 8416: 8412: 8391: 8382: 8361: 8343: 8339: 8318: 8309: 8288: 8279: 8275: 8254: 8236: 8232: 8228: 8199: 8195: 8191: 8167: 8149: 8121: 8097: 8088: 8060: 8036: 8010: 8006: 7985: 7976: 7955: 7946: 7925: 7907: 7870: 7866: 7845: 7836: 7815: 7793: 7789: 7768: 7724: 7720: 7696: 7679: 7675: 7640: 7636: 7632: 7584: 7559: 7555: 7551: 7530: 7526: 7502: 7493: 7489: 7452: 7448: 7444: 7420: 7411: 7407: 7383: 7379: 7375: 7351: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7304: 7295: 7291: 7270: 7251: 7247: 7243: 7239: 7235: 7214: 7119: 7115: 7091: 7039: 7035: 7031: 7027: 7023: 6999: 6990: 6986: 6970: 6966: 6962: 6958: 6954: 6950: 6934: 6930: 6906: 6888: 6884: 6880: 6844: 6840: 6803: 6799: 6795: 6791: 6767: 6742: 6738: 6734: 6713: 6704: 6700: 6679: 6451: 6329: 6133: 6125: 6093: 6083: 6015: 6005: 5995: 5954: 5950: 5946: 5936: 5932: 5928: 5918: 5914: 3279:
in Italian, is often unpronounced in Venetian after continuants, particularly in rural varieties: Italian
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Subordinate clauses have double introduction ("whom that", "when that", "which that", "how that"), as in
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Wikidata entry identifying Academia de ła Bona Creansa as language regulator for the Venetian language.
10096: 6633:. The American linguist Carolyn McKay proposed a writing system for that variant based entirely on the 6628: 6620: 6240: 6174: 5983: 3585: 2969: 2945: 2881: 2860: 2760: 2655: 1656: 1281:, and it has been preserved as a variant since the 19th century. The variant of Venetian spoken by the 1023: 877: 11327: 13795: 13707: 13316: 13157: 12872: 12801: 12783: 12766: 12761: 12751: 11905: 11414: 11088: 11068: 10443: 9866: 6626: 6618: 6515: 6505: 6503: 6415: 6315: 6304: 6293: 6282: 6271: 6260: 6249: 6238: 6217: 6215: 6200: 6192: 6186: 6184: 6172: 6164: 6152: 6146: 6144: 6107: 6105: 6097: 6063: 6061: 6053: 6047: 6045: 5981: 5973: 5965: 5900: 5892: 5886: 5884: 5878: 5876: 5833: 5831: 5773: 3440: 3432: 3397: 3389: 3323: 3315: 3304: 3125: 3085: 3064: 3044: 3042: 3032: 3030: 3012: 2975: 2967: 2959: 2951: 2943: 2879: 2804: 2716: 1353: 137: 11255: 14500: 14404: 13277: 13225: 13004: 12952: 12171: 12162: 11567: 10581: 10007: 6661: 6606: 6317: 3602: 3516: 2662: 2255: 1671: 1454: 1402: 1244: 928: 441: 347: 202: 13868: 13459: 13413: 13294: 13267: 13206: 13143: 13089: 12796: 12756: 12609: 12331: 12316: 12102: 12010: 11867: 11744: 11547: 6251: 6202: 6194: 5902: 5894: 5822:
to represent sounds that do not exist or have a different distribution in Italian. Specifically:
5670: 3630: 3561: 3066: 3014: 2796: 2701: 2685: 1496: 1476: 1394: 1051: 152: 127: 13464: 9617:"shore"; the name of one of the three islands enclosing the Venetian lagoon, now a beach resort 5053: 2264:("to be"), which would be normal in Italian. The past participle is invariable, unlike Italian: 14586: 13802: 13220: 13166: 12818: 12680: 12457: 12374: 12289: 12097: 11807: 10947: 10258: 3677: 2583: 1384: 1369: 1233: 299: 10660: 984:
Some firms have chosen to use Venetian language in advertising, as a beer did some years ago (
14618: 14563: 14369: 14364: 14017: 13995: 13886: 13814: 13637: 13299: 13062: 12520: 12369: 11873: 11716: 11513: 9915: 9774: 9591:, who was raised from the dead; the first one was on the island of Lazareto Vechio in Venice 3434: 3325: 3306: 2838: 2708: 2615: 2606: 1583: 1098: 788: 82: 14282: 13250: 11839: 10584:. "Protection, enhancement and promotion of the linguistic and cultural heritage of Veneto". 9709:
where these were made (these are some of several proposed etymologies for the English word)
837:
Several Venetian–Italian dictionaries are available in print and online, including those by
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General grammar; comparison to other Romance languages; description of the Venetian dialect
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through French; a quarantine station for maritime travellers, ultimately from the Biblical
8992: 2731: 2622: 2445: 2107: 1981:
A peculiarity of Venetian grammar is a "semi-analytical" verbal flexion, with a compulsory
713: 14352: 13765: 12833: 12266: 12258: 11779: 11366: 11350: 11069:"Grafia Veneta ufficiale – Lingua Veneta Modern International Manual of Venetian Spelling" 10871:]. Profilo dei dialetti italiani (in Italian). Vol. 5. Pisa: Pacini. p. 12. 9943: 9696: 9364: 9333: 6143:
was ambiguous, having the same values as in Italian (both voiced and voiceless affricates
5964:
was written for a voiceless sound which now varies, depending on the dialect spoken, from
1221: 8: 14053: 13945: 13913: 13907: 13528: 13488: 13454: 13282: 13046: 12311: 12272: 12016: 11662: 11495: 11470: 11129:"18 tys. Zł za gogle do oglądania filmów. Tak Apple robi ludzi w balona [OPINIA]" 10998:
Gramàtega da Scarseła de ła Veneta Łengua & Grafìa Intarnasionałe de'l Veneto Moderno
10457: 9992: 9690:
from the name for the porcelain container in which marzipan was transported, from Arabic
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Guzzo, Natália Brambatti (2022). "Brazilian Veneto (Talian)". Illustrations of the IPA.
9115:, at the last lowering of the flag of the Venetian Republic (nicknamed the "Republic of 1790:(singular and plural). Unlike the Gallo-Iberian languages, which form plurals by adding 1308:. Until the middle of the 20th century, Venetian was also spoken on the Greek Island of 946:. This dialect became extinct as a result of Venetian migration, which gave rise to the 881: 758:
and other Romance languages. Venetian is first attested in writing in the 13th century.
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often appeared in words that nowadays have a varying voiced pronunciation ranging from
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verbal flexion used for direct questions, which also incorporates a redundant pronoun:
1946:
for the past participle, which can be found in Venetic inscriptions from about 500 BC:
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NGO accreditation of Academia de ła Bona Creansa for the 2003 UNESCO Convention (2022)
10794:
La cosiddetta "elle evanescente" del veneziano: fra dialettologia e storia linguistica
10217: 5320: 4632: 4376: 1445:("El ze drio manjar" = He is eating, lit. he is behind to eat) and the absence of the 1297: 433: 14515: 14414: 14374: 14233: 14161: 14155: 14079: 13971: 13881: 13822: 13734: 13692: 13493: 13439: 13245: 13230: 13201: 13184: 13094: 13057: 13026: 13014: 12933: 12921: 12838: 12813: 12807: 12732: 12701: 12654: 12644: 12451: 12441: 12433: 12359: 12249: 12179: 12148: 12071: 12065: 12050: 11896: 11834: 11816: 11722: 11698: 11621: 11594: 11580: 11552: 11503: 11480: 11370: 11358: 11354: 11219: 11173: 11057:
http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/dialetti-veneti_(Enciclopedia-dell'Italiano)/
11001: 10964: 9765: 6542: 6530: 6326: 4921: 3461: 3449: 3424: 3418: 3412: 3406: 3384: 3369: 3354: 3342: 3224: 3198: 3187: 3176: 2781: 2694: 2588: 1764: 1760: 1538: 1515: 1406: 1229: 849: 770: 747: 610: 605: 594: 569: 487: 479: 285: 197: 147: 14357: 13326: 13304: 11919: 11880: 11730: 3873: 1660: 1413:). For example, Venetian did not undergo vowel rounding or nasalization, palatalize 1225: 1217: 535: 327: 313: 14468: 14458: 14443: 14431: 14347: 14296: 14260: 14238: 14225: 14219: 14148: 14137: 14041: 14006: 13990: 13839: 13827: 13760: 13724: 13712: 13680: 13605: 13577: 13550: 13380: 13375: 13363: 13343: 13331: 13272: 13179: 13136: 13077: 13072: 13067: 13031: 12962: 12946: 12843: 12659: 12649: 12190: 12044: 11986: 11965: 11949: 11942: 11933: 11859: 11708: 11690: 11600: 11534: 11528: 11518: 11431: 11423: 11398: 11386: 10439: 10069:
Fifth United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names: Vol.2
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The following sample, in the old dialect of Padua, comes from a play by Ruzante (
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Since December 2017 the Venetian language adopted a modern writing system, named
5520: 5372: 5213: 5152: 5086: 5026: 3845: 3524: 2600: 2593: 1636: 1492: 1462: 1441:(with some exceptions), the "to be behind to" verbal construction to express the 1438: 1316:. Moreover, Venetian had been adopted by a large proportion of the population of 1268: 1166: 954: 885: 853: 842: 831: 729: 709: 456: 119: 19:
This article is about the modern Romance language. For the ancient language, see
13555: 9280: 6410:, "hello", "goodbye"). The hyphen or apostrophe is used because the combination 6044:("is"), where its use was unavoidable because Italian spelling cannot represent 5640: 5399: 5326: 5092: 4295: 4256: 4147: 4116: 4026: 3322:(the final sound in English "song") occurs frequently in Venetian. A word-final 1327: 14603: 14510: 14505: 14426: 14306: 14268: 14000: 13560: 13506: 13476: 13368: 13052: 12980: 12926: 12512: 12388: 12351: 12336: 12184: 12143: 11979: 11485: 11475: 11441: 11382: 10072: 10002: 9960: 9797: 6666: 5286: 5080: 4855: 4763: 4723: 4291: 3547: 2637: 1648: 1550: 1458: 1373: 1361: 1340: 1321: 1301: 1209: 1134: 966: 920: 857: 721: 682: 517: 269: 192: 187: 13649: 10636:[Talian in search of more recognition] (in Portuguese). Archived from 10485:
Pocket dictionary of the voices and particular phrases of the Venetian dialect
10159: 10040: 5613: 5426: 4861: 4479: 4322: 4201: 4174: 4020: 3431:
Speakers of Italian generally lack this sound and usually substitute a dental
1009:, "it is always bigger") into an Italian sentence (the correct Venetian being 14634: 14545: 14448: 14436: 14168: 13876: 13533: 13471: 12967: 12481: 12410: 12397: 12326: 12204: 11761: 11378: 11362: 11223: 11108: 9968:"circle, turn, spin"; adopted in Italianized form; from the name of the bank 9706: 9192: 9004: 5757: 5603: 3489: 3011:
Similarly some dialects of Venetian also have a voiced interdental fricative
2816: 2745: 2648: 962: 943: 908: 808: 778: 774: 766: 678: 92: 5548: 5490: 4975: 4757: 4751: 4429: 3786: 14327: 14187: 13627: 13582: 12531: 12306: 12234: 11508: 11270: 10440:"Dialogo de Cecco Di Ronchitti da Bruzene in perpuosito de la stella nuova" 10295: 10266: 9824:
forty day isolation period for a ship with infectious diseases like plague
9729: 5804: 4690: 1726: 1349: 1118: 907:
Venetian spread to other continents as a result of mass migration from the
893: 817: 751: 650: 630: 10481:
Dizionario tascabile delle voci e frasi particolari del dialetto veneziano
10425:
Le origini delle lingue Neolatine: corso introduttivo di filologia romanza
10240: 10187:
Instituto de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Política Linguística (IPOL)
10115:
Miniature empires: a historical dictionary of the newly independent states
5774:
portal of the Venetian Regional Council dedicated to the Venetian language
5484: 4717: 3780: 1701: 1264: 1205: 417: 363: 14389: 14382: 14119: 13685: 12539: 11402: 10983:
Established with Regional Government Decree, DGR, n. 287 del 16/02/2010 (
10190: 3501: 3484: 3396:
in consonant clusters that start with a nasal, whereas Italian only uses
3029:'he cries'); but in most dialects this sound is now pronounced either as 2395:
Another progressive form in some Venetian dialects uses the construction
1752: 901: 869: 823:
Dialogo de Cecco di Ronchitti da Bruzene in perpuosito de la stella Nuova
782: 13654: 9236:
in the middle of the choir, in front of the twelve-branched candelabrum,
4349: 1344:
Chart of Romance languages based on structural and comparative criteria.
556: 13697: 13667: 13659: 13615: 13610: 13260: 13019: 12604: 11849: 11586: 11284: 10164: 9816: 9751: 9721: 9667: 9432: 9268: 6581: 5684: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3644: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3577: 3494: 3232: 2936: 1748: 1614: 1450: 1317: 1260: 1065: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 701: 654: 64: 5864:("reason", "(holy) Cross" and "house"). The precise phonetic value of 2415:
The use of progressive tenses is more pervasive than in Italian; e.g.
14463: 14301: 13643: 12938: 11626: 9788: 9350: 9264: 3219: 2868: 1747:
Like most Romance languages, Venetian has mostly abandoned the Latin
1197: 947: 912: 865: 705: 662: 658: 463: 426: 410: 14089: 10961:
EuroComRom: I sete tamizi. Ła ciave par capir tute łe łengue romanse
10959:
Mocellin, Alessandro; Klein, Horst G.; Stegmann, Tilbert D. (2016).
8987: 5659: 3619: 1040: 14248: 14084: 13900: 13348: 13196: 11956: 10135:. Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics. Vol. 25. Atlanta. 9682: 3093: 1931: 1642: 1630: 1564: 1507:
The main regional varieties and subvarieties of Venetian language:
1377: 1272: 1158: 1154: 1146: 1130: 1122: 1114: 1102: 861: 642: 638: 622: 547: 377: 87: 56: 14453: 6116:
is always used in this circumstance, it being understood that the
3271:
in Venetian. The masculine singular noun ending, corresponding to
1142: 14072: 13937: 13675: 13099: 13084: 12486: 12002: 11557: 11542: 11215: 10810: 10604:"Vereadores aprovam o talian como língua co-oficial do município" 10326: 9836: 9702: 9653: 9629: 9579: 9528: 9504: 9452: 9319: 9276: 6610: 6120:
will agree in voicing with the following consonant. For example,
5787:, had already been used in a trilingual document approved by the 4142: 1763:, if not quite as much as English. Venetian also has the Romance 1683: 1252: 1192:
Geographical distribution of Venetian language by official status
1178: 1170: 1150: 1106: 970: 935: 646: 564: 543: 60: 10764:
Manual Gramaticałe Xenerałe de ła Łéngua Vèneta e łe só varianti
5772:
of the Venetian language on December 14, 2017, and available at
3100:, which in some orthographic norms is indicated with the letter 478: Areas where Venetian is spoken alongside other languages ( 14274: 13620: 13543: 13523: 13255: 11844: 10846: 10844: 10400: 10398: 10093:
Cultural disenchantments: worker peasantries in northeast Italy
9929: 9856: 9743: 9553: 9478: 9412: 9392: 9272: 9108: 1982: 1664: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1546: 1434: 1256: 1248: 1240: 1213: 1201: 1182: 1138: 1126: 1110: 1094: 939: 924: 916: 674: 670: 666: 634: 626: 618: 391: 342: 264: 249: 77: 1991:), on the contrary, are optional. The clitic subject pronoun ( 13538: 13511: 11330: 10800:, Palermo: Centro di studi filologici e linguistici siciliani 9400:
ball used in Venetian elections; cf. English to "black-ball"
5810:
Medieval texts, written in Old Venetian, include the letters
2342:
Another peculiarity of the language is the use of the phrase
1740: 1484: 1309: 1162: 958: 798: 761:
The language enjoyed substantial prestige in the days of the
614: 235: 142: 52: 10841: 10395: 796:
Other notable works in Venetian are the translations of the
773:. Notable Venetian-language authors include the playwrights 516: Areas of influence of Venetian (over Lombard and over 11289:—samples of written and spoken Venetian by Francesco Artico 11161:
Tornén un pas indrìo: raccolta di conversazioni in dialetto
11135: 9882: 9750:"black bridge"; Greek island called Euboea or Evvia in the 6546:("low"). Some authors have continued or resumed the use of 4277: 2348:(literally, "to be behind") to indicate continuing action: 1475:
spoken in Veneto before Roman expansion, although both are
1027:
cultural, social, historical and civil identity of Veneto.
806:(1725–1798) and Francesco Boaretti, the translation of the 708:
group it into the Gallo-Italic branch (and thus, closer to
657:) by a surviving autochthonous Venetian population, and in 9460:
a small Venetian coin; from the price of early newssheets
6589: 3111: 3103: 1457:
forms and the use of the auxiliary verb "to have" for the
785:(1720–1806). Following the old Italian theatre tradition ( 546:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
10898: 6096:("low"). (Before consonants there is no contrast between 560:
A sign in Venetian reading "Here Venetian is also spoken"
10030: 9283:
or the exchange rate in order to copy-paste the letter.
5830:
was often employed in words that nowadays have a voiced
3202:. In dialects having a null realization of intervocalic 3084:
Some varieties of Venetian also distinguish an ordinary
2258:, Catalan, Spanish, Romanian and Neapolitan; instead of 896:(1470–1547), a crucial figure in the development of the 688:
Although referred to as an "Italian dialect" (Venetian:
10963:(in Venetian). Aachen, DE: Shaker Verlag. p. 265. 12731: 10925: 9286: 1767:, both definite (derived from the Latin demonstrative 1348:
Venetian is a Romance language and thus descends from
10958: 10133:
The Čakavian dialect of Orbanići near Žminj in Istria
9728:"black mountain"; country on the Eastern side of the 6332:(not present in Italian), which is sometimes written 3071:
and may therefore be written instead with the letter
2929:), which is pronounced the same as Castilian Spanish 1380:
encyclopedia reject the Gallo-Italic classification.
13423: 12224: 10532: 10500:
Dizionario Veneziano-Italiano e regole di grammatica
9800: 6637:
alphabet. However, the system was not very popular.
1093:
Venetian is spoken mainly in the Italian regions of
934:
In the 19th century large-scale immigration towards
872:, were Tuscan and wrote in the Tuscan language) and 860:(the best known writers of the Renaissance, such as 724:, Avolio and Ursini reject such classification, and 11029:(in Venetian, Italian, and English). Archived from 11020: 10863:Zamboni, Alberto (1975). Cortelazzo, Manlio (ed.). 10185:[Subsidies for the recognition of Talian]. 3726:(all long/heavy syllables but final) with Venetian 1429:, and it preserved final syllables, whereas, as in 10417: 10415: 9174:No one has seen us with You defeated and fearful! 6052:there. In between vowels, the distinction between 3228:), they are still distinguished orthographically. 10382: 10380: 10364: 10362: 10033:Journal of the International Phonetic Association 5791:(Aprile 2016) in Italian, Venetian, and English. 2419:English: "He wouldn't have been speaking to you". 14632: 12257: 10235: 10233: 10231: 6038:becomes limited to word-initial position, as in 5727:Writing system for Modern International Venetian 1368:on the other. Some authors include it among the 820:(1891–1985). Notable too is a manuscript titled 11204: 10568:Right spelling, according to: Giuseppe Boerio, 10412: 5868:in Old Venetian texts remains unknown, however. 1468:Modern Venetian is not a close relative of the 1022:In 2007, Venetian was given recognition by the 11282: 10766:. Basan / Bassano del Grappa. pp. 29, 34. 10678:The other Italy: the literary canon in dialect 10377: 10359: 10012: 9975: 9969: 9953: 9922: 9901: 9875: 9849: 9829: 9809: 9781: 9758: 9736: 9714: 9675: 9646: 9622: 9596: 9572: 9546: 9521: 9497: 9487: 9471: 9461: 9445: 9425: 9405: 9385: 9343: 9312: 9246:especially if they had been previously 'oiled' 9203: 9127: 9102: 9087: 9023: 9008: 6617:, even though it does not contain letters for 6569: 6563: 6557: 6551: 6535: 6523: 6479: 6467: 6455: 6423: 6393: 6381: 6369: 6357: 6087: 6077: 6039: 6009: 5999: 5989: 5940: 5922: 5908: 5859: 5853: 5847: 5631: 5594: 5566: 5539: 5511: 5472: 5444: 5417: 5390: 5351: 5331: 5311: 5291: 5261: 5231: 5204: 5170: 5143: 5111: 5071: 5044: 4993: 4966: 4939: 4912: 4880: 4846: 4816: 4790: 4782: 4742: 4708: 4682: 4650: 4617: 4585: 4546: 4519: 4470: 4448: 4420: 4395: 4367: 4340: 4313: 4285: 4275: 4241: 4219: 4192: 4165: 4134: 4101: 4079: 4045: 4011: 3984: 3956: 3929: 3891: 3864: 3836: 3804: 3771: 3735: 3727: 3374: 3359: 3358:, as well as in common Venetian words such as 3298: 3286: 3266: 3260: 3254: 3213: 3207: 3192: 3181: 3170: 3164: 3076: 3058: 3024: 3003: 2982:, the sound has fallen together with ordinary 2924: 2918: 2530: 2523: 2475: 2468: 2423: 2411:(lit. "My father he is there that he speaks"). 2406: 2396: 2375: 2368: 2343: 2317: 2310: 2291: 2284: 2249: 2223: 2216: 2197: 2190: 2183: 2164: 2157: 2150: 2112: 2086: 2067: 2033: 2014: 1992: 1986: 1951: 1899: 1892: 1873: 1866: 1847: 1840: 1821: 1814: 1730: 1712: 1706: 1592: 1573: 1388: 1383:Although the language region is surrounded by 1325: 1282: 1276: 1255:. The town was settled by immigrants from the 1010: 997: 991: 985: 599: 588: 40: 34: 12717: 12587: 12170: 11313: 10873: 10701: 10504:Venetian-Italian dictionary and grammar rules 10228: 9891: 9370: 9011:Parlamento de Ruzante che iera vegnù de campo 8998: 6485: 6473: 6461: 6429: 6405: 6399: 6387: 6375: 6363: 5624: 5587: 5559: 5532: 5504: 5465: 5452: 5437: 5410: 5383: 5344: 5304: 5254: 5242: 5224: 5197: 5163: 5136: 5118:Related to Italian word, probably from Greek 5104: 5064: 5037: 4986: 4959: 4932: 4905: 4873: 4839: 4827: 4809: 4796: 4775: 4735: 4701: 4675: 4643: 4610: 4578: 4560: 4539: 4512: 4463: 4441: 4413: 4388: 4360: 4333: 4306: 4268: 4234: 4212: 4185: 4158: 4127: 4094: 4072: 4059: 4038: 4004: 3977: 3949: 3922: 3884: 3857: 3829: 3797: 3764: 3718: 3292: 3280: 3248: 3242: 3236: 2930: 2537: 2482: 2432:That construction does not occur in Italian: 2382: 2324: 2298: 2259: 2230: 2204: 2171: 2093: 2074: 2040: 2021: 1976: 1968: 1960: 1906: 1880: 1854: 1828: 1782:Venetian also retained the Latin concepts of 1718: 1288: 1271:. Venetian has also survived in the state of 1004: 931:), where the language is still spoken today. 786: 12396: 9938: 9691: 9420:"little house"; adopted in Italianized form 9376: 9359: 9328: 5756:writing system has been officialized by the 5712: 5269: 5011: 5001: 4947: 3937: 3899: 2986:, and so it is not uncommon to simply write 1759:sentence structure. It has thus become more 1312:, which had long been under the rule of the 14613:languages with more than 5 million speakers 10183:"Subsídios para o reconhecimento do Talian" 9662: 9612: 9562: 6640: 5481: 5365: 5359: 5179: 4625: 4566: 4554: 4527: 4053: 3992: 2974:. In those dialects with the pronunciation 2121: 1774: 1773:) and indefinite (derived from the numeral 1768: 506:) and areas of linguistic transition (with 16:Romance language of Veneto, northeast Italy 14196:(mixed Romani–Ibero- and Occitano-Romance) 12724: 12710: 12594: 12580: 11320: 11306: 10776:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 10421: 10145:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5733:Commission of the Regione del Veneto. The 4565:is derived from the Latin nominative form 3773:uncò, 'ncò, incò, ancò, oncò, ancúo, incoi 3231:Venetian, like Spanish, does not have the 3116:; in more conservative dialects, however, 3063:); in a few dialects the sound appears as 1487:, the ancestor of Venetian and most other 1300:, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, gave 1030: 455: 11089:"Grafia Veneta ufficiale – Lingua Veneta" 10697:Nuova introduzione alla filologia romanza 10478: 9156:For three hundred and seventy seven years 9147:nisun co Ti ne gà visto vinti e spaurosi! 5700:Learn how and when to remove this message 3704:Learn how and when to remove this message 3159:may be realized as a partially vocalised 1081:Learn how and when to remove this message 11653: 11167: 11141: 10995: 10904: 10761: 10658: 10634:"Talian em busca de mais reconhecimento" 10593:veneti nel mondo. I veneti della maremma 10130: 9187:The following is a contemporary text by 8986: 5803:. Traditionally it is written using the 5723:Grafia del Veneto Internazionale Moderno 3388:"fork"). Moreover, Venetian always uses 2248:Reflexive tenses use the auxiliary verb 1735:(Let them speak), an inscription on the 1725: 1700: 1339: 1293:) is northern Trevisàn-Feltrìn-Belumàt. 1187: 950:dialect of Venetian spoken there today. 563: 555: 12134: 11293:Text and audio of some works by Ruzante 11195: 10862: 10856: 10850: 10790: 10735: 10662:The Ionian islands: Manners and customs 10212: 10210: 10208: 10112: 9240:who knows where, and it was a long time 9193:(see the full original text with audio) 9095:The following sample is taken from the 6230:remains an option under consideration. 4841:imbrogliare, superare in gara, amplesso 961:where they populated new towns such as 540:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 14633: 11158: 10675: 10516: 10497: 10456: 10386: 10368: 10180: 10090: 10044:, with supplementary sound recordings. 9870:"caterpillar", lit. "curved (animal)" 9170:we have been illustrious and virtuous. 9086: 6578:. Another recent convention is to use 6541: 6529: 6356:before other vowels. Examples include 5921:, depending on the dialect; similarly 3460: 3448: 3423: 3417: 3411: 3405: 3383: 3368: 3353: 3341: 3223: 3197: 3186: 3175: 2439: 2425:No'l sarìa miga sta drio parlarte a ti 604: 593: 12705: 12575: 11301: 10726:Giovan Battista Pellegrini (1976:425) 10694: 10688: 10126: 10124: 10108: 10106: 10086: 10084: 10082: 10063: 10061: 10059: 9512:lumps, bumps, gnocchi; from Germanic 9131:le nostre sostanse, el nostro sangue, 5794: 5336:"Strike any key / Press any button". 3600:is pronounced as , (an intervocalic / 3466: 3454: 2917:. This sound occurs, for example, in 1324:, because the island was part of the 11230:from the original on August 28, 2019 10310: 10205: 9197: 9162:for You, St. Mark; and very faithful 9121: 9017: 6422:sound, as in Italian spelling; e.g. 6068:was ordinarily indicated by doubled 5762:Grafia Veneta Internazionale Moderna 5747:According to the Use of the Academia 5682:adding citations to reliable sources 5653: 4784:nòtoła, notol, barbastrío, signàpoła 3642:adding citations to reliable sources 3613: 3606:/ could be pronounced as a sound). 2337: 1502: 1393:) or traits found further afield in 1121:). Smaller communities are found in 1063:adding citations to reliable sources 1034: 613:spoken natively in the northeast of 472: Areas where Venetian is spoken 10699:. Bologna: Il Mulino. p. 176. 10669: 10582:Regional Law no. 8 of 13 April 2007 10572:, Venezia, Giovanni Cecchini, 1856. 9939: 9692: 9369:; previously entered Castillian as 9360: 9329: 9287:Venetian lexical exports to English 9234:when they picked up the Prophecies, 9209:in mezo al coro, davanti al restèl, 9182: 9072:And if I had been killed in battle? 6493: 6210:In more recent practice the use of 5649: 5318:from Gothic or Lombard; cf. German 3140:is adjacent (only) to back vowels ( 2495:As in other Romance languages, the 830:, perhaps with some supervision by 765:, when it attained the status of a 754:, and is thus a sister language of 13: 14617:Languages between parentheses are 11496:Intermediate Southern (Neapolitan) 10665:. London: J. Haldane. p. 106. 10528:]. Venezia: Libreria Emiliana. 10487:]. Venezia: Giovanni Cecchini. 10468:]. Venezia: Giovanni Cecchini. 10466:Dictionary of the Venetian dialect 10153: 10121: 10103: 10079: 10056: 10023: 9248:with half a litre of the good one 9213:no so 'ndove e ghe voéa un bèl tóc 9041:E che a foesse stò amazò in campo? 5766:Commissione Grafia e Toponomastica 5729:) thanks to the 2010 2nd Regional 3206:, although pairs of words such as 2942:Because the pronunciation variant 2434:*Non sarebbe mica stato parlandoti 2243: 1304:a joint official status alongside 462:Venetian language distribution in 14: 14662: 14497:(unknown further classification) 11264: 11211:Dizionario del dialetto veneziano 11186: 10570:Dizionario del dialetto veneziano 10462:Dizionario del dialetto veneziano 10371:I dialetti delle regioni d'Italia 10347:from the original on 22 July 2011 9937:Venetian gold ducat; from Arabic 9172:No one has seen us with You flee, 9164:we have always thought ourselves, 9058:to be in the battlefield looting, 4693:, from the sound of a cat's meow 3601: 3584: 3568: 3560: 3552: 3538: 3529: 3515: 3506: 3285:("full") corresponds to Venetian 2867: 2859: 2852: 2843: 2825: 2803: 2795: 2787: 2767: 2759: 2751: 2730: 2723: 2715: 2707: 2700: 2684: 2677: 2669: 2661: 2654: 2628: 2621: 2614: 2605: 2489:I know who you are talking about 2111:instance, in Venetian the clitic 1335: 572:in Europe. Venetian is number 15. 12693:Minority languages of Montenegro 12603: 12227: 11346:Historical linguistic minorities 11329: 10659:Kendrick, Tertius T. C. (1822). 10181:Tonial, Honório (26 June 2009). 9338:"house of manufacture, factory" 9258: 9219:màssima se i jèra pareciàdi onti 9145:Nisun co Ti ne gà visto scanpar, 9133:le nostre vite le xè sempre stàe 9107:), given on August 23, 1797, at 9056:Really, it would not be that bad 9031:de gran paure. Càncaro ala roba! 9029:se 'l no foesse che el se ha pur 8991:Venetian sign in ticket office, 6016:/speˈransa~speˈrantsa~speˈranθa/ 5907:; even in contemporary spelling 5658: 5353:supiàr, subiàr, sficiàr, sifolàr 4836:beat, cheat, sexual intercourse 4721:"cone, pyramid"; cf. Old French 4624:deverbal derivative, from Latin 4559:"me" (accusative case); Italian 3618: 2377:Mé pare 'l ze drìo(invià) parlàr 2254:("to have"), as in English, the 1526:), with about 1,500,000 speakers 1039: 1015:) to advertise new flights from 384: 370: 356: 335: 320: 306: 292: 278: 257: 242: 228: 12553: 11151: 11121: 11109:"News/Articoli – Lingua Veneta" 11101: 11081: 11061: 11045: 11014: 10989: 10977: 10952: 10941: 10930: 10919: 10910: 10824:LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH BAR 10804: 10784: 10755: 10729: 10720: 10711: 10652: 10626: 10610:(in Portuguese). Archived from 10596: 10587: 10575: 10562: 10510: 10491: 10472: 10450: 10432: 10333: 10319: 10280: 10189:(in Portuguese). Archived from 8982: 6414:is conventionally used for the 5770:Script and Topononymy Committee 5669:needs additional citations for 5568:sciop, sciòpo, sciopàr, sciopón 3629:needs additional citations for 3144:), vs. a null realization when 1625:Other noteworthy variants are: 1479:, and Venetic may have been an 1421:, or develop rising diphthongs 1296:In 2009, the Brazilian city of 1050:needs additional citations for 973:, forming there the so-called " 852:, Venetian was overshadowed by 14621:of the language on their left. 14491:(Western Romance-based pidgin) 11170:A Linguistic History of Venice 11027:Consiglio Regionale del Veneto 10506:]. Belluno: Arnaldo Forni. 10251: 10174: 9238:with their voice they went off 9232:These old singers of the past, 9168:And always with You on the sea 9135:par Ti, S. Marco; e fedelisimi 9060:were it not that one gets also 9047:No, càncaro, spiriti no magna. 6006:/dolˈsesa~dolˈtsetsa~dolˈθeθa/ 5927:"young woman" could be any of 5743:Drio El Costumar de l'Academia 5633:dzavariàr, dhavariàr, zavariàr 4024:"beast", compare also Italian 3148:is adjacent to a front vowel ( 2532:Credéa/évo che'l fuse ... 2525:Mi credeva che'l fuse ... 685:by Venetians in the diaspora. 1: 10996:Mocellin, Alessandro (2018). 10837:LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH BAR 10522:Dizionario Veneziano-Italiano 10049: 9914:"Johnny"; a character in the 9211:co'a ose i 'ndéa a cior volta 9205:Sti cantori vèci da na volta, 9043:E che a foesse el me spirito? 9033:A' son chialò mi, ala segura, 9027:star in campo per sto robare, 8209:(at the end of the syllable) 8130:(at the end of the syllable) 8069:(at the end of the syllable) 6112:, as in Italian, so a single 6076:for the latter. For example, 5474:puto, putèło, putełeto, butèl 3732:(all short/light syllables). 2555: 1786:(masculine and feminine) and 1376:and Francesco Avolio and the 11218:, G. Cecchini. p. 937. 11163:. Brescia: Paideia Editrice. 10740:[Venetian Grammar]. 10019:— Venetian language magazine 9844:originally "fight, contest" 9143:semo stài lustri e virtuosi. 9078:No, damn, ghosts don't eat. 9035:e squase che no a' no cherzo 7607:?, (z /dz/, g /ɉ/, di /dj/) 7078:(before unvoiced consonant) 5913:"down" may represent any of 5251:line, streak, stroke, strip 5012: 4086:related to the Italian word 4058:"beast", compare also Ital. 3575: 3522: 3499: 2561:Venetian consonant phonemes 2550: 2436:is not syntactically valid. 2126:Venetian also has a special 1717:, as opposed to the Italian 1597:of the Province of Treviso ( 1356:and most closely related to 1332:for almost three centuries. 7: 14488:Mediterranean Lingua Franca 11172:. Firenze: Leo S. Olschki. 10682:University of Toronto Press 10676:Haller, Hermann W. (1999). 10526:Venetian-Italian dictionary 10288:"Indo-european phylosector" 10091:Holmes, Douglas R. (1989). 9986: 9944: 9697: 9365: 9334: 9215:prima che i tornésse in qua 9129:Par trezentosetantasete ani 9064:I am right here, in safety, 6086:("he/she kisses"), whereas 5764:, by unanimous vote of the 5735:Academia de ła Bona Creansa 5133:spirit from grapes, brandy 3938: 3736:Sample etymological lexicon 3155:In dialects further inland 2994:between vowels) instead of 2401:(lit. "to be there that"): 1711:) in Venice using Venetian 1204:, particularly the city of 10: 14667: 14190:(mixed Portuguese–Spanish) 13216:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata 13010:Central−Southern Calabrian 12093:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata 11576:Central-Southern Calabrian 11159:Artico, Francesco (1976). 10762:Brunelli, Michele (2007). 10717:Alberto Zamboni (1988:522) 10479:Contarini, Pietro (1850). 10422:Tagliavini, Carlo (1948). 10389:Lingue e dialetti d'Italia 10387:Avolio, Francesco (2009). 10131:Kalsbeek, Janneke (1998). 10097:Princeton University Press 9207:co i cioéa su le profezie, 9160:our lives have always been 9062:big scares. Damn the loot! 9025:Orbéntena, el no serae mal 8999:Ruzante returning from war 8352:à (brother-in-law) from co 7662:(before voiced consonant) 6072:for the former and single 5799:Venetian currently has an 5457:, "to cut someone's hair" 5271: 5270: 5119: 5003: 5002: 4630:"bitten", compare Italian 4593: 3901: 3900: 3812: 3609: 2544:I thought he was ... 2539:Credevo che fosse ... 2408:Me pare l'è là che'l parla 2370:Me pare, el ze drìo parlàr 1977:Redundant subject pronouns 1694: 1690: 1657:Entre Rios, Santa Catarina 1635:the variety spoken in the 1247:is spoken in the state of 1024:Regional Council of Veneto 878:Occitano-Romance languages 739: 735: 595:[ˈ(l)eŋɡwaˈvɛneta] 18: 14595: 14579: 14530: 14479: 14403: 14207: 14180: 14129: 13981: 13867: 13813: 13794: 13745: 13412: 13165: 13156: 13117: 12997: 12882: 12871: 12782: 12744: 12689: 12673: 12637: 12616: 12499: 12469: 12432: 12423: 12387: 12350: 12297: 12288: 12248: 12244: 12222: 12161: 12125: 12083: 12035: 11906:Comasco-Lecchese dialects 11858: 11815: 11806: 11770: 11752: 11743: 11707: 11689: 11680: 11644: 11612: 11566: 11494: 11458: 11440: 11422: 11413: 11409: 11342: 11196:Belloni, Silvano (2006). 11168:Ferguson, Ronnie (2007). 11021:Veneto Regional Council. 10874: 10791:Tomasin, Lorenzo (2010), 10736:Belloni, Silvano (1991). 10444:Unione Astrofili Italiani 10041:10.1017/S002510032200010X 9865: 9663: 9661:ultimately from the name 9537: 9440:illegal traffic of goods 9244:and landed on the ground, 9221:co mezo litro de quel bon 9166:You with us, we with You, 9076:That would be just great. 8713: 8666: 8595: 8549: 8546: 8543: 8537: 8529: 8503: 8473: 8444: 8441: 8438: 8432: 8424: 8390: 8360: 8317: 8287: 8253: 8166: 8096: 8035: 7984: 7954: 7924: 7887: 7844: 7814: 7767: 7718: 7706: 7695: 7624: 7600: 7597: 7591: 7583: 7521: 7518: 7515: 7512: 7509: 7501: 7419: 7370: 7367: 7364: 7358: 7350: 7303: 7269: 7213: 7113: 7107: 7101: 7090: 7021: 7015: 7012: 7006: 6998: 6925: 6922: 6919: 6913: 6905: 6766: 6712: 6678: 6647: 6139:Traditionally the letter 5846:appears in words such as 5713:Modern script (GVIM-DECA) 5290:'stroke, line'. Example: 4888: 4795:"night" (compare Italian 4658: 4380:, originally "to behead" 4114:, same origin as English 3474: 3404:before velar stops: e.g. 3169:'gondola' may sound like 2837: 2815: 2738: 2636: 2599: 2565: 2470:Mi so de chi che ti parli 2199:Jèreło onto el can ? 1461:(both traits shared with 1354:Italo-Dalmatian languages 526: 454: 440: 424: 408: 403: 215: 210: 181: 116: 106: 70: 48: 33: 28: 13498:North American dialects 13005:Extreme Southern Italian 10608:serafinacorrea.rs.gov.br 10369:Devoto, Giacomo (1972). 10008:Chipilo Venetian dialect 9466:"a penny worth of news" 9137:senpre se gavemo reputà, 9066:and almost can't believe 7687:gorlar (to shake) from e 7461:a (bean weevil) from brū 7047:upiar (to whistle) from 6641:Orthographies comparison 5838:-sound (compare English 5626:preoccuparsi, vaneggiare 5113:zgiràt, scirata, skirata 4761:"snout" (compare French 4260:(borrowings from Greek) 3041:), or more typically as 2923:("supper", also written 2326:(Loro) si sono svegliati 2312:(Lori) i se ga desmissià 2293:(Ti) te te à/gà/ghè lavà 2256:North Germanic languages 2122:Interrogative inflection 1672:Chipilo Venetian dialect 1403:Rhaeto-Romance languages 1245:Chipilo Venetian dialect 929:Chipilo Venetian dialect 841:, Contarini, Nazari and 834:for scientific details. 750:, Venetian evolved from 746:Like all members of the 12917:Central−Northern Latian 12610:Languages of Montenegro 11466:Central-Northern Latian 11283: 11051:Ursini, Flavia (2011). 10695:Renzi, Lorenzo (1994). 10498:Nazari, Giulio (1876). 10170:(subscription required) 10113:Minahan, James (1998). 10013: 9976: 9970: 9954: 9923: 9902: 9876: 9850: 9830: 9810: 9801: 9782: 9759: 9737: 9715: 9676: 9647: 9623: 9597: 9573: 9547: 9522: 9498: 9488: 9472: 9462: 9446: 9426: 9406: 9386: 9344: 9313: 9217:e che i rivésse in cao, 9204: 9128: 9103: 9088: 9074:And if I were my ghost? 9039:Se mi mo' no foesse mi? 9024: 9009: 7741:  + i \ e \ y \ ø 7547:  + i \ e \ y \ ø 7137:  + i \ e \ y \ ø 6821:  + i \ e \ y \ ø 6570: 6564: 6558: 6552: 6536: 6524: 6522:; then one would write 6480: 6468: 6456: 6424: 6394: 6382: 6370: 6358: 6088: 6078: 6040: 6010: 6000: 5996:/ˈdolse~ˈdoltse~ˈdolθe/ 5990: 5941: 5923: 5909: 5860: 5854: 5848: 5801:official writing system 5789:Veneto Regional Council 5632: 5602: 5595: 5567: 5540: 5512: 5473: 5445: 5418: 5391: 5352: 5333:Struca un tasto / boton 5332: 5312: 5292: 5277: 5262: 5243: 5232: 5205: 5171: 5144: 5112: 5085: 5079: 5072: 5045: 5013: 4994: 4967: 4940: 4913: 4881: 4847: 4817: 4791: 4783: 4743: 4722: 4709: 4683: 4651: 4618: 4586: 4547: 4520: 4471: 4449: 4421: 4396: 4368: 4341: 4314: 4286: 4276: 4242: 4220: 4193: 4166: 4135: 4102: 4080: 4046: 4012: 3985: 3957: 3930: 3907: 3892: 3865: 3837: 3805: 3772: 3728: 3447:, changing for example 3375: 3360: 3299: 3287: 3267: 3261: 3255: 3222:(both being pronounced 3214: 3208: 3193: 3182: 3171: 3165: 3124:are merged as ordinary 3077: 3059: 3025: 3004: 2925: 2919: 2531: 2524: 2476: 2469: 2424: 2407: 2397: 2376: 2369: 2344: 2318: 2311: 2292: 2285: 2250: 2224: 2217: 2198: 2191: 2184: 2165: 2158: 2151: 2113: 2087: 2068: 2034: 2015: 1993: 1987: 1952: 1900: 1893: 1874: 1867: 1848: 1841: 1822: 1815: 1743:, southwestern Slovenia 1731: 1713: 1707: 1663:, among other southern 1593: 1574: 1437:, mandatory unstressed 1395:Gallo-Romance languages 1389: 1326: 1283: 1277: 1031:Geographic distribution 1011: 998: 992: 987:Xe foresto solo el nome 986: 748:Romance language family 689: 600: 589: 112:3.9 million (2002) 41: 35: 13221:Gallo-Italic of Sicily 12681:Yugoslav Sign Language 12098:Gallo-Italic of Sicily 11890:Bustocco and Legnanese 11214:(in Italian). Venice: 11187:McKay, Carolyn Joyce. 10702: 10540:"Forum Nathion Veneta" 10391:. Carocci. p. 46. 10373:. Sansoni. p. 30. 10117:. Westport: Greenwood. 9892: 9613: 9563: 9377: 9371: 9250:just to make courage. 9230: 9223:tant par farse coràjo. 9201: 9154: 9141:e sempre co Ti sul mar 9125: 9111:, by Venetian Captain 9054: 9021: 8995: 8785:r (heart) from Latin c 7916:ina (machine) from māc 6897:üin (notebook) from ta 6754:a (beard, uncle) from 6613:use a system based on 6486: 6474: 6462: 6430: 6406: 6400: 6388: 6376: 6364: 6082:was used to represent 5639: 5625: 5612: 5588: 5574: 5560: 5547: 5533: 5519: 5505: 5489: 5483: 5482: 5466: 5453: 5446:tozàt(o) (toxato), fio 5438: 5425: 5411: 5398: 5384: 5371: 5366: 5360: 5345: 5325: 5319: 5305: 5285: 5255: 5225: 5212: 5198: 5182: 5180: 5164: 5151: 5137: 5105: 5091: 5065: 5052: 5038: 5025: 5020:), related to English 4987: 4974: 4960: 4948: 4933: 4920: 4906: 4874: 4860: 4854: 4840: 4828: 4810: 4797: 4776: 4762: 4756: 4750: 4736: 4716: 4702: 4676: 4644: 4631: 4626: 4611: 4579: 4567: 4561: 4555: 4540: 4528: 4513: 4478: 4464: 4442: 4428: 4414: 4389: 4375: 4361: 4348: 4334: 4321: 4307: 4294: 4269: 4255: 4249: 4235: 4226:from Latin *adcaptare 4213: 4200: 4186: 4173: 4159: 4146: 4128: 4115: 4109: 4095: 4073: 4060: 4054: 4039: 4025: 4019: 4005: 3993: 3978: 3969:, literally "to peck" 3964: 3950: 3923: 3885: 3872: 3858: 3844: 3830: 3798: 3785: 3779: 3765: 3719: 3293: 3281: 3253:("pen") correspond to 3249: 3243: 3237: 2931: 2538: 2483: 2477:So de chi che te parli 2389:My father is speaking 2384:Mio padre sta parlando 2383: 2325: 2319:(Lori) i se gà/à svejà 2299: 2260: 2237:Did you ask yourself? 2232:(Tu) ti sei domandato? 2231: 2205: 2185:El can, gerilo sporco? 2172: 2094: 2075: 2041: 2022: 1969: 1961: 1913:the fat (female) cats 1907: 1881: 1855: 1829: 1775: 1769: 1744: 1723: 1719: 1679: 1641:the variety spoken in 1629:the variety spoken in 1385:Gallo-Italic languages 1370:Gallo-Italic languages 1345: 1289: 1193: 1012:el xe senpre pì grando 1005: 979:comunità venetopontine 787: 697: 573: 561: 528:This article contains 13708:Poitevin–Saintongeais 12521:Italian Sign Language 12470:Other German dialects 11613:Other Italo-Dalmatian 11285:Tornén un pas indrìo! 10853:, pp. 13–14, 38. 10341:"Italiani all'estero" 9890:cognate with Italian 9242:before they came back 9158:our bodies, our blood 9070:And if I were not me? 8990: 6652:Official (GVIM-DECA) 6434:, "stupid"); whereas 6412:⟨sc(i)⟩ 6171:(or in some dialects 4455:borrowing from Greek 3979:vermicello, spaghetti 3756:Venetian word origin 3163:. Thus, for example, 3142:⟨a o u⟩ 2886:, often spelled with 2225:(Ti) te sito domandà? 1861:the fat (female) cat 1729: 1704: 1584:Province of Pordenone 1343: 1191: 1099:Friuli-Venezia Giulia 567: 559: 83:Friuli-Venezia Giulia 14651:Languages of Croatia 13517:St. Marys Bay French 13041:Neapolitan–Calabrese 11973:Southwestern Lombard 10742:www.linguaveneta.net 9948:"coin, minting die" 9536:from Medieval Greek 8993:Santa Lucia di Piave 7759:iro (dormouse) from 7342:vare (pepper) from p 7069:a (cash des) from ca 6354:⟨s'ci⟩ 6350:⟨s-ci⟩ 6325:Venetian allows the 5988:, as in for example 5678:improve this article 5324:'to press', Swedish 5306:premere, schiacciare 3638:improve this article 3425:[ɾaŋˈdʒaɾse] 2512:Veneto dialects 2457:Veneto dialects 2357:Veneto dialects 2305:You washed yourself 2273:Veneto dialects 2218:Ti te gastu domandà? 2139:Veneto dialects 2108:Piedmontese language 1887:the fat (male) cats 1803:Veneto dialects 1451:geminated consonants 1360:on the one hand and 1059:improve this article 884:including the mixed 637:, and some towns of 36:łengoa/łengua vèneta 14646:Languages of Veneto 13869:Galician–Portuguese 12895:Central Marchigiano 12273:Vaccarizzo Albanian 11033:on 17 December 2019 10738:"Grammatica veneta" 10550:on 17 November 2015 10343:. Italian Network. 9993:Venetian literature 9773:a character in the 9516:- 'knuckle, joint' 9463:gazeta de la novità 9375:and then French as 9139:Ti co nu, nu co Ti, 9104:Discorso de Perasto 9089:Discorso de Perasto 8824:ro (dark) from obsc 8245:(we went) from anda 7261:ena (chain) from ca 7152:eza (church) from e 6615:Spanish orthography 6586:(in place of older 6338:⟨s'c⟩ 6334:⟨s-c⟩ 4983:to break, to shred 4619:morsegàr, smorsegàr 4330:when (non-interr.) 3811:from Ancient Greek 3724:"go there with him" 3653:"Venetian language" 3439:for final Venetian 3233:geminate consonants 3177:[ˈɡoŋdoe̯a] 3150:⟨i e⟩ 2562: 2501:subordinate clauses 2440:Subordinate clauses 2211:Was the dog dirty? 2206:Il cane era sporco? 2192:El can jèreło onto? 1835:the fat (male) cat 1757:subject–verb–object 1580:Province of Treviso 1447:absolute past tense 874:languages of France 742:Venetian literature 732:branch of Romance. 217:Recognised minority 14283:Catalan Ribagorçan 14130:Pyrenean–Mozarabic 13402:Judaeo-Piedmontese 13312:Bustocco–Legnanese 13107:Northern Calabrian 12638:Minority languages 12617:Official languages 12108:Judaeo-Piedmontese 12084:Other Gallo-Italic 11336:Languages of Italy 11276:2018-01-16 at the 11144:, p. 284-286. 10428:. Bologna: Pàtron. 10193:on 27 January 2012 9916:Commedia dell'arte 9775:Commedia dell'arte 9641:- "destiny, fate" 9589:Lazarus of Bethany 9113:Giuseppe Viscovich 9045:Lo sarae ben bela. 9037:esserghe gnan. ... 8996: 8972:al (rooster) from 8158:(we go) from *anda 8027:a (Italy) from Itā 7635:(before e/i), -s- 7391:inco (finch) from 6852:iete (quiet) from 6436:⟨sc⟩ 6380:, "plain clear"), 6368:, "to clear up"), 6161:⟨zz⟩ 6130:⟨sn⟩ 6122:⟨st⟩ 6070:⟨ss⟩ 5795:Traditional system 5419:técia, téia, tegia 5296:"to draw a line". 4684:munín, gato, gateo 4303:to catch, to take 4064:, a kind of snake 4030:, a kind of snake 3886:dare noia, seccare 3413:[iŋˈvɛɾno] 3188:[ˈɡoŋdola] 3092:vs. a weakened or 3000:⟨zh⟩ 2992:⟨ss⟩ 2896:⟨zh⟩ 2560: 2499:is widely used in 2405:Venetian dialect: 2300:(Tu) ti sei lavato 2166:(Ti) xèrito spazo? 2159:(Ti) jèristu onto? 2152:Ti geristu sporco? 1967:Standard Italian: 1959:Venetian Italian: 1745: 1724: 1489:languages of Italy 1455:impersonal passive 1346: 1314:Republic of Venice 1194: 1177:) and formerly in 1017:Marco Polo Airport 789:commedia dell'arte 763:Republic of Venice 574: 562: 14641:Venetian language 14628: 14627: 14604:extinct languages 14526: 14525: 14203: 14202: 14162:Navarro-Aragonese 14047:Peruvian Ribereño 13972:Judaeo-Portuguese 13887:Galician–Asturian 13790: 13789: 13781:Old Gallo-Romance 13735:Wisconsin Walloon 13152: 13151: 13125:Dalmatian Romance 12733:Romance languages 12699: 12698: 12569: 12568: 12548: 12547: 12495: 12494: 12452:Southern Bavarian 12419: 12418: 12383: 12382: 12375:Triestine Serbian 12284: 12283: 12259:Arbëresh language 12220: 12219: 12216: 12215: 12157: 12156: 12121: 12120: 11874:Brianzöö dialects 11802: 11801: 11739: 11738: 11676: 11675: 11640: 11639: 11200:. Padova: Esedra. 11198:Grammatica Veneta 11179:978-88-222-5645-4 11007:978-85-9450-041-0 10970:978-3-8440-4535-2 10869:Venetian language 10168:(18th ed., 2015) 9984: 9983: 9492:once sited there 9256: 9255: 9180: 9179: 9084: 9083: 8980: 8979: 8746:la (star) from st 8584:(between vowels) 8575:e (seven) from se 8462:(between vowels) 7806:o (garlic) from ā 7649:e (peace) from pā 7622:(between vowels) 7589:(before a vowel) 7400:(between vowels) 7180:(ending of word) 7161:(between vowels) 7128:ào (slave) from s 7056:(between vowels) 7004:(before a vowel) 6979:(between vowels) 6861:(between vowels) 6812:(little) from pau 6607:Venetian speakers 6594:) for the "soft" 6576:⟨ç⟩ 6548:⟨ç⟩ 6512:⟨s⟩ 6500:⟨x⟩ 6490:, "to forgive"). 6327:consonant cluster 6228:⟨z⟩ 6224:⟨ç⟩ 6212:⟨x⟩ 6181:⟨z⟩ 6141:⟨z⟩ 6118:⟨s⟩ 6114:⟨s⟩ 6074:⟨s⟩ 6036:⟨x⟩ 6028:⟨ç⟩ 6024:⟨z⟩ 6004:"sweetness", now 5962:⟨ç⟩ 5873:⟨z⟩ 5866:⟨x⟩ 5844:⟨x⟩ 5828:⟨x⟩ 5820:⟨z⟩ 5816:⟨ç⟩ 5812:⟨x⟩ 5745:, i.e. literally 5710: 5709: 5702: 5647: 5646: 5584:path(way), trail 5370:, compare French 5090:"grass" (Italian 4859:(compare English 4374:from Old Italian 4103:izarda, rizardola 3720:va laggiù con lui 3714: 3713: 3706: 3688: 3594: 3593: 3407:[kaŋˈtaɾ] 3332:⟨n⟩ 3204:⟨ł⟩ 3199:[ˈɡoŋdoa] 3161:⟨l⟩ 3157:⟨ł⟩ 3146:⟨ł⟩ 3138:⟨ł⟩ 3134:⟨e⟩ 3122:⟨ł⟩ 3118:⟨l⟩ 3098:⟨l⟩ 3073:⟨d⟩ 3055:⟨x⟩ 3021:⟨z⟩ 2996:⟨ç⟩ 2988:⟨s⟩ 2984:⟨s⟩ 2902:, and similar to 2900:⟨ž⟩ 2892:⟨z⟩ 2888:⟨ç⟩ 2876: 2875: 2784: 2748: 2697: 2651: 2548: 2547: 2493: 2492: 2393: 2392: 2338:Continuing action 2335: 2334: 2241: 2240: 2104: 2103: 2051: 2050: 1921:⟨ł⟩ 1917: 1916: 1755:and a more rigid 1503:Regional variants 1443:continuous aspect 1230:Rio Grande do Sul 1175:Grossetan Maremma 1091: 1090: 1083: 1006:sempre più grande 850:literary language 828:Girolamo Spinelli 816:and the poems of 814:Giuseppe Cappelli 771:Mediterranean Sea 728:places it in the 606:[ˈvɛneto] 570:Romance languages 554: 553: 536:rendering support 532:phonetic symbols. 510:and with Emilian) 351: 286:Rio Grande do Sul 273: 14658: 14149:Judaeo-Aragonese 14138:Andalusi Romance 13991:Amazonic Spanish 13828:Western Asturian 13811: 13810: 13750:Franco-Provençal 13421: 13420: 13317:Comasco–Lecchese 13175:Emilian–Romagnol 13163: 13162: 12963:Regional Italian 12953:Italo-Australian 12880: 12879: 12802:Megleno-Romanian 12726: 12719: 12712: 12703: 12702: 12608: 12607: 12596: 12589: 12582: 12573: 12572: 12560: 12557: 12534: 12515: 12460: 12430: 12429: 12394: 12393: 12295: 12294: 12275: 12255: 12254: 12246: 12245: 12237: 12232: 12231: 12230: 12207: 12200: 12193: 12168: 12167: 12132: 12131: 12074: 12060: 12053: 12037:Emilian–Romagnol 12026: 12019: 12005: 11996: 11989: 11982: 11975: 11968: 11959: 11952: 11945: 11936: 11929: 11922: 11915: 11908: 11899: 11892: 11883: 11876: 11813: 11812: 11793: 11772:Franco-Provençal 11750: 11749: 11725: 11687: 11686: 11682:Occitano-Romance 11651: 11650: 11603: 11589: 11568:Extreme Southern 11537: 11432:Regional Italian 11420: 11419: 11411: 11410: 11367:Franco-Provençal 11334: 11333: 11322: 11315: 11308: 11299: 11298: 11288: 11259: 11253: 11249: 11247: 11239: 11237: 11235: 11201: 11192: 11183: 11164: 11145: 11139: 11133: 11132: 11125: 11119: 11118: 11116: 11115: 11105: 11099: 11098: 11096: 11095: 11085: 11079: 11078: 11076: 11075: 11065: 11059: 11049: 11043: 11042: 11040: 11038: 11018: 11012: 11011: 10993: 10987: 10981: 10975: 10974: 10956: 10950: 10945: 10939: 10934: 10928: 10923: 10917: 10914: 10908: 10907:, p. 69-73. 10902: 10896: 10895: 10893: 10892: 10860: 10854: 10848: 10839: 10838: 10835: 10832: 10830: 10825: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10808: 10802: 10801: 10799: 10788: 10782: 10781: 10775: 10767: 10759: 10753: 10752: 10750: 10749: 10733: 10727: 10724: 10718: 10715: 10709: 10708: 10706: 10692: 10686: 10685: 10673: 10667: 10666: 10656: 10650: 10649: 10647: 10645: 10640:on 1 August 2012 10630: 10624: 10623: 10621: 10619: 10614:on 30 March 2019 10600: 10594: 10591: 10585: 10579: 10573: 10566: 10560: 10559: 10557: 10555: 10546:. Archived from 10536: 10530: 10529: 10518:Piccio, Giuseppe 10514: 10508: 10507: 10495: 10489: 10488: 10476: 10470: 10469: 10458:Boerio, Giuseppe 10454: 10448: 10447: 10436: 10430: 10429: 10419: 10410: 10402: 10393: 10392: 10384: 10375: 10374: 10366: 10357: 10356: 10354: 10352: 10337: 10331: 10330: 10323: 10317: 10314: 10308: 10307: 10305: 10299:. Archived from 10292: 10284: 10278: 10277: 10275: 10274: 10263: 10255: 10249: 10248: 10237: 10226: 10225: 10214: 10203: 10202: 10200: 10198: 10178: 10172: 10171: 10157: 10151: 10150: 10144: 10136: 10128: 10119: 10118: 10110: 10101: 10100: 10088: 10077: 10076: 10065: 10043: 10018: 9998:Venetic language 9979: 9973: 9957: 9947: 9942: 9941: 9926: 9905: 9895: 9879: 9869: 9853: 9833: 9813: 9804: 9796:ultimately from 9785: 9762: 9740: 9718: 9700: 9695: 9694: 9679: 9666: 9665: 9650: 9626: 9616: 9600: 9576: 9566: 9550: 9541: 9525: 9501: 9491: 9475: 9465: 9449: 9429: 9409: 9389: 9380: 9374: 9368: 9363: 9362: 9347: 9337: 9332: 9331: 9316: 9298:Venetian (DECA) 9295: 9294: 9225: 9198: 9189:Francesco Artico 9183:Francesco Artico 9149: 9122: 9106: 9091: 9049: 9018: 9014: 8966: 8945: 8936: 8915: 8901:a (battle) from 8894: 8873: 8856: 8835: 8817: 8796: 8778: 8757: 8739: 8735: 8711: 8702: 8698: 8694: 8690: 8669: 8660: 8638: 8634: 8628: 8619: 8598: 8568: 8564: 8560: 8556: 8532: 8506: 8497: 8476: 8455: 8451: 8427: 8418: 8414: 8393: 8384: 8363: 8345: 8341: 8320: 8311: 8290: 8281: 8277: 8256: 8238: 8234: 8230: 8201: 8197: 8193: 8172:(before vowels) 8169: 8151: 8123: 8102:(before vowels) 8099: 8090: 8062: 8041:(before vowels) 8038: 8012: 8008: 7987: 7986:/l.j/~/j/~/l.dʒ/ 7978: 7957: 7948: 7927: 7909: 7872: 7868: 7847: 7838: 7817: 7795: 7791: 7770: 7732:atso (ice) from 7726: 7722: 7698: 7681: 7677: 7642: 7638: 7634: 7586: 7561: 7557: 7553: 7532: 7528: 7504: 7495: 7491: 7470:+ i \ e \ y \ ø 7454: 7450: 7446: 7422: 7413: 7409: 7385: 7381: 7377: 7353: 7335: 7331: 7327: 7306: 7297: 7293: 7272: 7253: 7249: 7245: 7241: 7237: 7216: 7121: 7117: 7093: 7041: 7037: 7033: 7029: 7025: 7001: 6992: 6988: 6972: 6968: 6964: 6960: 6956: 6952: 6943:+ i \ e \ y \ ø 6936: 6932: 6908: 6890: 6886: 6882: 6846: 6842: 6805: 6801: 6797: 6793: 6769: 6744: 6740: 6736: 6715: 6706: 6702: 6681: 6645: 6644: 6632: 6624: 6593: 6585: 6577: 6573: 6567: 6561: 6555: 6549: 6545: 6539: 6534:(" kisses") and 6533: 6527: 6521: 6513: 6509: 6501: 6494:Proposed systems 6489: 6483: 6477: 6471: 6465: 6459: 6453: 6437: 6433: 6427: 6421: 6413: 6409: 6403: 6397: 6391: 6385: 6379: 6373: 6367: 6361: 6355: 6351: 6339: 6335: 6331: 6321: 6310: 6299: 6288: 6277: 6266: 6255: 6244: 6229: 6225: 6221: 6213: 6206: 6198: 6190: 6182: 6178: 6170: 6162: 6158: 6150: 6142: 6135: 6131: 6127: 6124:represents only 6123: 6119: 6115: 6111: 6103: 6095: 6091: 6085: 6081: 6075: 6071: 6067: 6059: 6051: 6043: 6037: 6029: 6025: 6017: 6013: 6007: 6003: 5997: 5993: 5987: 5979: 5971: 5963: 5956: 5952: 5948: 5945:"zero" could be 5944: 5938: 5934: 5930: 5926: 5920: 5916: 5912: 5906: 5898: 5890: 5882: 5874: 5867: 5863: 5857: 5851: 5845: 5842:); for instance 5837: 5829: 5821: 5817: 5813: 5705: 5698: 5694: 5691: 5685: 5662: 5654: 5650:Spelling systems 5635: 5628: 5607:, from Gaulish * 5598: 5591: 5570: 5563: 5561:fucile-scoppiare 5543: 5536: 5515: 5508: 5495: 5476: 5469: 5456: 5448: 5441: 5421: 5414: 5394: 5387: 5369: 5363: 5355: 5348: 5335: 5315: 5308: 5295: 5283: 5282: 5275: 5265: 5258: 5246: 5235: 5228: 5208: 5201: 5188: 5174: 5172:zgorlàr, scorlàr 5167: 5147: 5140: 5138:grappa acquavite 5123: 5115: 5108: 5075: 5068: 5048: 5041: 5019: 5009: 5008: 5007: 4997: 4990: 4970: 4963: 4951: 4943: 4936: 4916: 4909: 4892: 4884: 4877: 4850: 4843: 4831: 4820: 4813: 4800: 4794: 4786: 4779: 4746: 4739: 4712: 4705: 4686: 4679: 4662: 4654: 4647: 4629: 4621: 4614: 4597: 4589: 4582: 4570: 4564: 4558: 4550: 4543: 4531: 4523: 4516: 4474: 4467: 4452: 4445: 4433:, "coat, dress" 4424: 4417: 4402:compare English 4399: 4392: 4371: 4364: 4344: 4337: 4317: 4310: 4289: 4281: 4272: 4245: 4238: 4223: 4216: 4196: 4189: 4169: 4162: 4138: 4131: 4105: 4098: 4083: 4076: 4063: 4057: 4049: 4042: 4015: 4008: 3996: 3988: 3981: 3960: 3953: 3946:to be spicy hot 3941: 3933: 3926: 3913: 3912: 3905: 3895: 3888: 3868: 3861: 3840: 3833: 3816: 3808: 3801: 3775: 3768: 3753:Venetian (DECA) 3744: 3743: 3731: 3722: 3709: 3702: 3698: 3695: 3689: 3687: 3646: 3622: 3614: 3605: 3588: 3572: 3564: 3556: 3542: 3533: 3519: 3510: 3479: 3478: 3470: 3468:[maˈrin] 3464: 3462:[maˈɾiŋ] 3458: 3456:[maˈnin] 3452: 3450:[maˈniŋ] 3446: 3438: 3428:"to cope with". 3427: 3421: 3419:[ˈoŋzaɾ] 3415: 3409: 3403: 3395: 3387: 3385:[piˈɾoŋ] 3381: 3372: 3366: 3357: 3355:[maˈniŋ] 3345: 3343:[maˈɾiŋ] 3333: 3329: 3321: 3314:The velar nasal 3310: 3302: 3296: 3290: 3284: 3270: 3264: 3258: 3252: 3246: 3240: 3227: 3217: 3211: 3205: 3201: 3196: 3190: 3185: 3179: 3174: 3168: 3162: 3158: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3107: 3099: 3091: 3080: 3074: 3070: 3062: 3056: 3048: 3036: 3028: 3022: 3019:, often written 3018: 3007: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2973: 2965: 2957: 2949: 2934: 2928: 2922: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2871: 2863: 2856: 2847: 2829: 2807: 2799: 2791: 2780: 2771: 2763: 2755: 2744: 2734: 2727: 2719: 2711: 2704: 2693: 2688: 2681: 2673: 2665: 2658: 2647: 2632: 2625: 2618: 2609: 2563: 2559: 2541: 2534: 2527: 2506: 2505: 2497:subjunctive mood 2486: 2479: 2472: 2451: 2450: 2427: 2410: 2400: 2386: 2379: 2372: 2351: 2350: 2347: 2328: 2321: 2314: 2302: 2295: 2288: 2286:Ti ti te ga lavà 2267: 2266: 2263: 2253: 2234: 2227: 2220: 2208: 2201: 2194: 2187: 2178:Were you dirty? 2175: 2173:(Tu) eri sporco? 2168: 2161: 2154: 2133: 2132: 2116: 2097: 2090: 2078: 2071: 2053: 2052: 2044: 2037: 2025: 2018: 2000: 1999: 1996: 1990: 1972: 1964: 1955: 1922: 1910: 1903: 1896: 1884: 1877: 1870: 1858: 1851: 1844: 1832: 1825: 1818: 1797: 1796: 1778: 1772: 1734: 1722: 1716: 1710: 1697:Venetian grammar 1596: 1577: 1473:Venetic language 1439:subject pronouns 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1399:Franco-Provençal 1392: 1331: 1292: 1286: 1280: 1251:and the town of 1086: 1079: 1075: 1072: 1066: 1043: 1035: 1014: 1008: 1003: 995: 989: 975:Venetian-Pontine 898:Italian language 804:Giacomo Casanova 792: 781:(1707–1793) and 714:Emilian–Romagnol 611:Romance language 608: 603: 597: 592: 568:Distribution of 515: 477: 471: 459: 450: 436: 420: 413: 390: 388: 387: 376: 374: 373: 362: 360: 359: 345: 341: 339: 338: 326: 324: 323: 312: 310: 309: 298: 296: 295: 284: 282: 281: 267: 263: 261: 260: 248: 246: 245: 234: 232: 231: 219:language in 122: 44: 38: 26: 25: 21:Venetic language 14666: 14665: 14661: 14660: 14659: 14657: 14656: 14655: 14631: 14630: 14629: 14624: 14591: 14575: 14553:Pannonian Latin 14539:African Romance 14522: 14475: 14406: 14399: 14337:Judeo-Provençal 14210: 14199: 14176: 14125: 14035:Chilean Chilote 13977: 13863: 13804: 13800: 13797: 13786: 13774:Moselle Romance 13741: 13590:Missouri French 13551:Franco-Ontarian 13426: 13415: 13408: 13148: 13113: 13090:Southern Latian 12993: 12958:Maltese Italian 12890:Central Italian 12874: 12867: 12862:Common Romanian 12778: 12762:Italo-Dalmatian 12740: 12730: 12700: 12695: 12685: 12669: 12633: 12612: 12602: 12600: 12570: 12565: 12564: 12563: 12558: 12554: 12544: 12530: 12511: 12491: 12477:Austrian German 12465: 12456: 12415: 12406:Calabrian Greek 12379: 12346: 12332:Natisone Valley 12317:Inner Carniolan 12280: 12271: 12240: 12233: 12228: 12226: 12212: 12203: 12196: 12189: 12153: 12117: 12085: 12079: 12070: 12056: 12049: 12031: 12022: 12015: 12011:Eastern Lombard 12001: 11992: 11985: 11978: 11971: 11964: 11955: 11948: 11941: 11932: 11925: 11918: 11911: 11904: 11895: 11888: 11879: 11872: 11868:Western Lombard 11854: 11798: 11789: 11766: 11735: 11721: 11703: 11672: 11636: 11614: 11608: 11599: 11585: 11562: 11548:Southern Latian 11533: 11514:Castelmezzanese 11490: 11454: 11436: 11405: 11338: 11328: 11326: 11278:Wayback Machine 11267: 11262: 11251: 11250: 11241: 11240: 11233: 11231: 11206:Giuseppe Boerio 11180: 11154: 11149: 11148: 11140: 11136: 11127: 11126: 11122: 11113: 11111: 11107: 11106: 11102: 11093: 11091: 11087: 11086: 11082: 11073: 11071: 11067: 11066: 11062: 11053:Dialetti veneti 11050: 11046: 11036: 11034: 11019: 11015: 11008: 10994: 10990: 10982: 10978: 10971: 10957: 10953: 10946: 10942: 10935: 10931: 10924: 10920: 10915: 10911: 10903: 10899: 10887:/ 'manacce' ~ / 10861: 10857: 10849: 10842: 10836: 10833: 10828: 10827: 10823: 10820: 10815: 10814: 10809: 10805: 10797: 10789: 10785: 10769: 10768: 10760: 10756: 10747: 10745: 10734: 10730: 10725: 10721: 10716: 10712: 10693: 10689: 10674: 10670: 10657: 10653: 10643: 10641: 10632: 10631: 10627: 10617: 10615: 10602: 10601: 10597: 10592: 10588: 10580: 10576: 10567: 10563: 10553: 10551: 10538: 10537: 10533: 10515: 10511: 10496: 10492: 10477: 10473: 10455: 10451: 10438: 10437: 10433: 10420: 10413: 10406:Dialetti veneti 10403: 10396: 10385: 10378: 10367: 10360: 10350: 10348: 10339: 10338: 10334: 10325: 10324: 10320: 10315: 10311: 10303: 10290: 10286: 10285: 10281: 10272: 10270: 10261: 10257: 10256: 10252: 10239: 10238: 10229: 10216: 10215: 10206: 10196: 10194: 10179: 10175: 10169: 10158: 10154: 10138: 10137: 10129: 10122: 10111: 10104: 10089: 10080: 10067: 10066: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10026: 10024:Further reading 9989: 9289: 9275:on iPhones and 9261: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9245: 9243: 9241: 9239: 9237: 9235: 9233: 9227: 9222: 9220: 9218: 9216: 9214: 9212: 9210: 9208: 9206: 9185: 9176: 9173: 9171: 9169: 9167: 9165: 9163: 9161: 9159: 9157: 9151: 9146: 9144: 9142: 9140: 9138: 9136: 9134: 9132: 9130: 9093: 9080: 9077: 9075: 9073: 9071: 9069: 9067: 9065: 9063: 9061: 9059: 9057: 9051: 9046: 9044: 9042: 9040: 9038: 9036: 9034: 9032: 9030: 9028: 9026: 9001: 8985: 8862:èr (iron) from 7614:e (he is) from 7571:iva (gum) from 6643: 6587: 6579: 6575: 6547: 6543:[ˈbasa] 6531:[ˈbaza] 6511: 6499: 6496: 6435: 6411: 6353: 6349: 6337: 6333: 6227: 6223: 6211: 6180: 6179:) but a single 6160: 6140: 6129: 6121: 6117: 6113: 6073: 6069: 6035: 6027: 6023: 5961: 5872: 5865: 5843: 5827: 5819: 5815: 5811: 5797: 5760:under the name 5715: 5706: 5695: 5689: 5686: 5675: 5663: 5652: 5579:(onomatopoeic) 5293:Tirar na strica 5256:linea, striscia 4934:marinare scuola 4460:drinking glass 4265:hello, goodbye 3951:essere piccante 3738: 3710: 3699: 3693: 3690: 3647: 3645: 3635: 3623: 3612: 3477: 3331: 3225:[ˈskoa] 3212:, "school" and 3203: 3160: 3156: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3121: 3117: 3109: 3101: 3097: 3096:("evanescent") 3072: 3054: 3020: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2641: 2586: 2558: 2553: 2484:So di chi parli 2442: 2340: 2246: 2244:Auxiliary verbs 2195: 2162: 2124: 1994:te, el/ła, i/łe 1979: 1956:("I have done") 1953:Mi A go fazesto 1920: 1908:le gatte grasse 1856:la gatta grassa 1830:il gatto grasso 1705:A street sign ( 1699: 1693: 1637:Pontine Marshes 1535:Eastern/Coastal 1505: 1483:language, like 1459:reflexive voice 1338: 1298:Serafina Corrêa 1269:State of Mexico 1167:Pontine Marshes 1087: 1076: 1070: 1067: 1056: 1044: 1033: 955:Pontine Marshes 886:Franco-Venetian 854:Dante Alighieri 832:Galileo Galilei 744: 738: 730:Italo-Dalmatian 534:Without proper 522: 521: 513: 511: 475: 473: 469: 446: 432: 416: 409: 399: 398: 385: 383: 371: 369: 357: 355: 336: 334: 321: 319: 307: 305: 293: 291: 279: 277: 258: 256: 243: 241: 229: 227: 220: 218: 211:Official status 177: 138:Latino-Faliscan 123: 120:Language family 118: 109: 108:Native speakers 102: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 14664: 14654: 14653: 14648: 14643: 14626: 14625: 14623: 14622: 14615: 14606: 14596: 14593: 14592: 14590: 14589: 14583: 14581: 14577: 14576: 14574: 14573: 14572: 14571: 14566: 14556: 14549: 14542: 14534: 14532: 14528: 14527: 14524: 14523: 14521: 14520: 14519: 14518: 14513: 14508: 14503: 14492: 14483: 14481: 14477: 14476: 14474: 14473: 14472: 14471: 14466: 14461: 14456: 14451: 14441: 14440: 14439: 14434: 14424: 14423: 14422: 14411: 14409: 14401: 14400: 14398: 14397: 14396: 14395: 14394: 14393: 14379: 14378: 14377: 14372: 14362: 14361: 14360: 14350: 14345: 14340: 14333: 14332: 14331: 14324: 14319: 14314: 14304: 14294: 14293: 14292: 14291: 14290: 14285: 14277: 14272: 14269:Judaeo-Catalan 14265: 14264: 14263: 14258: 14253: 14252: 14251: 14246: 14236: 14228: 14215: 14213: 14205: 14204: 14201: 14200: 14198: 14197: 14191: 14184: 14182: 14178: 14177: 14175: 14174: 14173: 14172: 14158: 14153: 14152: 14151: 14141: 14133: 14131: 14127: 14126: 14124: 14123: 14116: 14115: 14114: 14109: 14104: 14099: 14098: 14097: 14092: 14087: 14082: 14077: 14076: 14075: 14058: 14057: 14056: 14051: 14050: 14049: 14039: 14038: 14037: 14024:Latin American 14020: 14015: 14003: 14001:Judaeo-Spanish 13998: 13993: 13987: 13985: 13979: 13978: 13976: 13975: 13968: 13967: 13966: 13961: 13956: 13955: 13954: 13942: 13941: 13940: 13928: 13923: 13916: 13904: 13897: 13892: 13891: 13890: 13879: 13873: 13871: 13865: 13864: 13862: 13861: 13854: 13849: 13848: 13847: 13837: 13832: 13831: 13830: 13819: 13817: 13808: 13792: 13791: 13788: 13787: 13785: 13784: 13777: 13770: 13769: 13768: 13763: 13758: 13746: 13743: 13742: 13740: 13739: 13738: 13737: 13732: 13722: 13721: 13720: 13715: 13705: 13700: 13695: 13690: 13689: 13688: 13683: 13678: 13673: 13672: 13671: 13664: 13663: 13662: 13652: 13647: 13630: 13625: 13624: 13623: 13618: 13613: 13603: 13602: 13601: 13594: 13593: 13592: 13587: 13586: 13585: 13575: 13570: 13569: 13568: 13563: 13558: 13553: 13548: 13547: 13546: 13541: 13531: 13526: 13521: 13520: 13519: 13514: 13496: 13491: 13479: 13474: 13469: 13468: 13467: 13462: 13452: 13447: 13442: 13437: 13431: 13429: 13418: 13410: 13409: 13407: 13406: 13405: 13404: 13394: 13387: 13386: 13385: 13384: 13383: 13378: 13373: 13372: 13371: 13366: 13361: 13351: 13346: 13341: 13340: 13339: 13334: 13329: 13324: 13314: 13309: 13308: 13307: 13292: 13291: 13290: 13285: 13270: 13265: 13264: 13263: 13258: 13253: 13248: 13243: 13238: 13228: 13223: 13218: 13213: 13212: 13211: 13210: 13209: 13204: 13194: 13193: 13192: 13187: 13171: 13169: 13160: 13154: 13153: 13150: 13149: 13147: 13146: 13144:Judaeo-Italian 13141: 13140: 13139: 13134: 13121: 13119: 13115: 13114: 13112: 13111: 13110: 13109: 13104: 13103: 13102: 13097: 13092: 13087: 13082: 13081: 13080: 13070: 13065: 13060: 13055: 13038: 13037: 13036: 13035: 13034: 13024: 13023: 13022: 13012: 13001: 12999: 12995: 12994: 12992: 12991: 12990: 12989: 12977: 12972: 12971: 12970: 12965: 12960: 12955: 12943: 12942: 12941: 12931: 12930: 12929: 12924: 12919: 12914: 12913: 12912: 12907: 12902: 12886: 12884: 12877: 12869: 12868: 12866: 12865: 12858: 12857: 12856: 12851: 12846: 12841: 12836: 12831: 12826: 12821: 12816: 12804: 12799: 12797:Istro-Romanian 12794: 12788: 12786: 12780: 12779: 12777: 12776: 12771: 12770: 12769: 12764: 12754: 12748: 12746: 12745:Major branches 12742: 12741: 12737:classification 12729: 12728: 12721: 12714: 12706: 12697: 12696: 12690: 12687: 12686: 12684: 12683: 12677: 12675: 12674:Sign languages 12671: 12670: 12668: 12667: 12662: 12657: 12652: 12647: 12641: 12639: 12635: 12634: 12632: 12631: 12626: 12620: 12618: 12614: 12613: 12599: 12598: 12591: 12584: 12576: 12567: 12566: 12562: 12561: 12551: 12550: 12549: 12546: 12545: 12543: 12542: 12537: 12536: 12535: 12523: 12518: 12517: 12516: 12513:Italian Hebrew 12503: 12501: 12497: 12496: 12493: 12492: 12490: 12489: 12484: 12479: 12473: 12471: 12467: 12466: 12464: 12463: 12462: 12461: 12458:South Tyrolean 12449: 12444: 12438: 12436: 12427: 12421: 12420: 12417: 12416: 12414: 12413: 12408: 12402: 12400: 12391: 12385: 12384: 12381: 12380: 12378: 12377: 12372: 12367: 12362: 12356: 12354: 12352:Serbo-Croatian 12348: 12347: 12345: 12344: 12339: 12334: 12329: 12324: 12319: 12314: 12309: 12303: 12301: 12292: 12286: 12285: 12282: 12281: 12279: 12278: 12277: 12276: 12263: 12261: 12252: 12242: 12241: 12239: 12238: 12223: 12221: 12218: 12217: 12214: 12213: 12211: 12210: 12209: 12208: 12201: 12194: 12182: 12176: 12174: 12172:Rhaeto-Romance 12165: 12163:Rhaeto-Romance 12159: 12158: 12155: 12154: 12152: 12151: 12146: 12140: 12138: 12129: 12123: 12122: 12119: 12118: 12116: 12115: 12110: 12105: 12100: 12095: 12089: 12087: 12081: 12080: 12078: 12077: 12076: 12075: 12063: 12062: 12061: 12054: 12041: 12039: 12033: 12032: 12030: 12029: 12028: 12027: 12020: 12008: 12007: 12006: 11999: 11998: 11997: 11990: 11983: 11969: 11962: 11961: 11960: 11946: 11939: 11938: 11937: 11930: 11923: 11916: 11902: 11901: 11900: 11886: 11885: 11884: 11864: 11862: 11856: 11855: 11853: 11852: 11847: 11842: 11837: 11832: 11827: 11821: 11819: 11810: 11804: 11803: 11800: 11799: 11797: 11796: 11795: 11794: 11782: 11776: 11774: 11768: 11767: 11765: 11764: 11758: 11756: 11747: 11741: 11740: 11737: 11736: 11734: 11733: 11728: 11727: 11726: 11713: 11711: 11705: 11704: 11702: 11701: 11695: 11693: 11684: 11678: 11677: 11674: 11673: 11671: 11670: 11665: 11659: 11657: 11648: 11642: 11641: 11638: 11637: 11635: 11634: 11629: 11624: 11618: 11616: 11610: 11609: 11607: 11606: 11605: 11604: 11592: 11591: 11590: 11578: 11572: 11570: 11564: 11563: 11561: 11560: 11555: 11550: 11545: 11540: 11539: 11538: 11526: 11521: 11516: 11511: 11506: 11500: 11498: 11492: 11491: 11489: 11488: 11483: 11478: 11473: 11468: 11462: 11460: 11456: 11455: 11453: 11452: 11446: 11444: 11438: 11437: 11435: 11434: 11428: 11426: 11417: 11407: 11406: 11343: 11340: 11339: 11325: 11324: 11317: 11310: 11302: 11296: 11295: 11290: 11280: 11266: 11265:External links 11263: 11261: 11260: 11252:|website= 11202: 11193: 11184: 11178: 11165: 11155: 11153: 11150: 11147: 11146: 11134: 11131:. 6 June 2023. 11120: 11100: 11080: 11060: 11044: 11013: 11006: 10988: 10976: 10969: 10951: 10940: 10929: 10918: 10909: 10897: 10879:/ 'troppo' ~ / 10855: 10840: 10803: 10783: 10754: 10728: 10719: 10710: 10687: 10668: 10651: 10625: 10595: 10586: 10574: 10561: 10531: 10509: 10490: 10471: 10449: 10431: 10411: 10394: 10376: 10358: 10332: 10318: 10309: 10306:on 2014-08-27. 10279: 10250: 10227: 10204: 10173: 10152: 10120: 10102: 10078: 10073:United Nations 10054: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10045: 10027: 10025: 10022: 10021: 10020: 10010: 10005: 10003:Talian dialect 10000: 9995: 9988: 9985: 9982: 9981: 9971:Banco del Ziro 9966: 9963: 9958: 9950: 9949: 9935: 9932: 9927: 9919: 9918: 9912: 9909: 9906: 9898: 9897: 9888: 9885: 9880: 9872: 9871: 9862: 9859: 9854: 9846: 9845: 9842: 9839: 9834: 9826: 9825: 9822: 9819: 9814: 9806: 9805: 9798:Middle Persian 9794: 9791: 9786: 9778: 9777: 9771: 9768: 9763: 9755: 9754: 9748: 9746: 9741: 9733: 9732: 9726: 9724: 9719: 9711: 9710: 9688: 9685: 9680: 9672: 9671: 9659: 9656: 9651: 9643: 9642: 9635: 9632: 9627: 9619: 9618: 9609: 9606: 9601: 9593: 9592: 9585: 9582: 9577: 9569: 9568: 9559: 9556: 9551: 9543: 9542: 9534: 9531: 9526: 9518: 9517: 9510: 9507: 9502: 9494: 9493: 9484: 9481: 9476: 9468: 9467: 9458: 9455: 9450: 9442: 9441: 9438: 9435: 9430: 9422: 9421: 9418: 9415: 9410: 9402: 9401: 9398: 9395: 9390: 9382: 9381: 9356: 9353: 9348: 9340: 9339: 9335:dār al-ṣināʻah 9325: 9322: 9317: 9309: 9308: 9307:Origin, notes 9305: 9302: 9299: 9288: 9285: 9260: 9257: 9254: 9253: 9228: 9184: 9181: 9178: 9177: 9152: 9098:Perasto Speech 9092: 9085: 9082: 9081: 9052: 9000: 8997: 8984: 8981: 8978: 8977: 8967: 8961: 8958: 8955: 8952: 8949: 8946: 8940: 8939: 8937: 8931: 8928: 8925: 8922: 8919: 8916: 8910: 8909: 8895: 8889: 8886: 8883: 8880: 8877: 8874: 8868: 8867: 8857: 8851: 8848: 8845: 8842: 8839: 8836: 8830: 8829: 8818: 8812: 8809: 8806: 8803: 8800: 8797: 8791: 8790: 8779: 8773: 8770: 8767: 8764: 8761: 8758: 8752: 8751: 8740: 8730: 8727: 8724: 8721: 8718: 8715: 8712: 8710:/ˈɐ/~/ˈʌ/~/ˈɨ/ 8706: 8705: 8703: 8685: 8682: 8679: 8676: 8673: 8670: 8664: 8663: 8661: 8655: 8652: 8649: 8646: 8643: 8640: 8629: 8623: 8622: 8620: 8614: 8611: 8608: 8605: 8602: 8599: 8593: 8592: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8581: 8580: 8569: 8551: 8548: 8545: 8542: 8539: 8536: 8533: 8527: 8526: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8516: 8513: 8510: 8507: 8501: 8500: 8498: 8492: 8489: 8486: 8483: 8480: 8477: 8471: 8470: 8468: 8466: 8463: 8459: 8458: 8456: 8446: 8443: 8440: 8437: 8434: 8431: 8428: 8422: 8421: 8419: 8409: 8406: 8403: 8400: 8397: 8394: 8388: 8387: 8385: 8379: 8376: 8373: 8370: 8367: 8364: 8358: 8357: 8346: 8336: 8333: 8330: 8327: 8324: 8321: 8315: 8314: 8312: 8306: 8303: 8300: 8297: 8294: 8291: 8285: 8284: 8282: 8272: 8269: 8266: 8263: 8260: 8257: 8251: 8250: 8239: 8225: 8222: 8219: 8216: 8213: 8210: 8206: 8205: 8202: 8188: 8185: 8182: 8179: 8176: 8173: 8170: 8164: 8163: 8152: 8146: 8143: 8140: 8137: 8134: 8131: 8127: 8126: 8124: 8118: 8115: 8112: 8109: 8106: 8103: 8100: 8094: 8093: 8091: 8085: 8082: 8079: 8076: 8073: 8070: 8066: 8065: 8063: 8057: 8054: 8051: 8048: 8045: 8042: 8039: 8033: 8032: 8013: 8003: 8000: 7997: 7994: 7991: 7988: 7982: 7981: 7979: 7973: 7970: 7967: 7964: 7961: 7958: 7952: 7951: 7949: 7943: 7940: 7937: 7934: 7931: 7928: 7922: 7921: 7910: 7904: 7901: 7898: 7895: 7892: 7889: 7885: 7884: 7879:o (son) from f 7873: 7863: 7860: 7857: 7854: 7851: 7848: 7842: 7841: 7839: 7833: 7830: 7827: 7824: 7821: 7818: 7812: 7811: 7796: 7786: 7783: 7780: 7777: 7774: 7771: 7765: 7764: 7754: 7751: 7748: 7745: 7742: 7738: 7737: 7727: 7717: 7714: 7711: 7708: 7705: 7702: 7699: 7693: 7692: 7682: 7672: 7669: 7666: 7663: 7659: 7658: 7643: 7629: 7626: 7623: 7619: 7618: 7608: 7605: 7602: 7599: 7596: 7593: 7590: 7587: 7581: 7580: 7562: 7548: 7544: 7543: 7533: 7523: 7520: 7517: 7514: 7511: 7508: 7505: 7499: 7498: 7496: 7486: 7483: 7480: 7477: 7474: 7471: 7467: 7466: 7455: 7441: 7438: 7435: 7432: 7429: 7426: 7423: 7417: 7416: 7414: 7404: 7401: 7397: 7396: 7386: 7372: 7369: 7366: 7363: 7360: 7357: 7354: 7348: 7347: 7336: 7322: 7319: 7316: 7313: 7310: 7307: 7301: 7300: 7298: 7288: 7285: 7282: 7279: 7276: 7273: 7267: 7266: 7255: 7232: 7229: 7226: 7223: 7220: 7217: 7211: 7210: 7196: 7193: 7190: 7187: 7184: 7181: 7177: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7168: 7165: 7162: 7158: 7157: 7147: 7144: 7141: 7138: 7134: 7133: 7122: 7112: 7109: 7106: 7103: 7100: 7097: 7094: 7088: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7079: 7075: 7074: 7063: 7060: 7057: 7053: 7052: 7042: 7020: 7017: 7014: 7011: 7008: 7005: 7002: 6996: 6995: 6993: 6983: 6980: 6976: 6975: 6973: 6947: 6944: 6940: 6939: 6937: 6927: 6924: 6921: 6918: 6915: 6912: 6909: 6903: 6902: 6891: 6877: 6874: 6871: 6868: 6865: 6862: 6858: 6857: 6847: 6837: 6834: 6831: 6828: 6825: 6822: 6818: 6817: 6806: 6788: 6785: 6782: 6779: 6776: 6773: 6770: 6764: 6763: 6745: 6731: 6728: 6725: 6722: 6719: 6716: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6697: 6694: 6691: 6688: 6685: 6682: 6676: 6675: 6672: 6671:Latin origin 6669: 6664: 6659: 6656: 6653: 6650: 6642: 6639: 6562:, rather than 6495: 6492: 6478:, "to hide"), 6404:, " servant", 6020: 6019: 5958: 5869: 5796: 5793: 5714: 5711: 5708: 5707: 5690:September 2015 5666: 5664: 5657: 5651: 5648: 5645: 5644: 5636: 5629: 5622: 5618: 5617: 5611:; cf. Romansh 5601:from Friulian 5599: 5592: 5585: 5581: 5580: 5571: 5564: 5557: 5553: 5552: 5544: 5537: 5530: 5526: 5525: 5516: 5509: 5502: 5498: 5497: 5477: 5470: 5463: 5459: 5458: 5449: 5442: 5435: 5431: 5430: 5422: 5415: 5408: 5404: 5403: 5395: 5388: 5381: 5377: 5376: 5356: 5349: 5342: 5338: 5337: 5316: 5309: 5302: 5298: 5297: 5266: 5259: 5252: 5248: 5247: 5236: 5229: 5222: 5218: 5217: 5209: 5202: 5195: 5191: 5190: 5175: 5168: 5161: 5157: 5156: 5148: 5141: 5134: 5130: 5129: 5116: 5109: 5102: 5098: 5097: 5076: 5069: 5062: 5058: 5057: 5049: 5042: 5035: 5031: 5030: 4998: 4991: 4984: 4980: 4979: 4971: 4964: 4957: 4953: 4952: 4944: 4937: 4930: 4926: 4925: 4917: 4910: 4903: 4899: 4898: 4885: 4878: 4871: 4867: 4866: 4851: 4844: 4837: 4833: 4832: 4821: 4814: 4807: 4803: 4802: 4787: 4780: 4773: 4769: 4768: 4747: 4740: 4733: 4729: 4728: 4713: 4706: 4699: 4695: 4694: 4687: 4680: 4673: 4669: 4668: 4655: 4648: 4641: 4637: 4636: 4622: 4615: 4608: 4604: 4603: 4590: 4583: 4576: 4572: 4571: 4551: 4544: 4537: 4533: 4532: 4524: 4517: 4510: 4506: 4505: 4499: 4494: 4489: 4485: 4484: 4475: 4468: 4461: 4457: 4456: 4453: 4446: 4439: 4435: 4434: 4425: 4418: 4411: 4407: 4406: 4400: 4393: 4386: 4382: 4381: 4372: 4365: 4358: 4354: 4353: 4345: 4338: 4331: 4327: 4326: 4318: 4311: 4304: 4300: 4299: 4292:Medieval Latin 4290:"slave", from 4284:from Venetian 4282: 4273: 4266: 4262: 4261: 4246: 4239: 4232: 4228: 4227: 4224: 4217: 4210: 4206: 4205: 4197: 4190: 4183: 4179: 4178: 4170: 4163: 4160:nebbia foschia 4156: 4152: 4151: 4139: 4132: 4125: 4121: 4120: 4106: 4099: 4092: 4088: 4087: 4084: 4077: 4070: 4066: 4065: 4050: 4043: 4036: 4032: 4031: 4016: 4013:bizàto, bizàta 4009: 4002: 3998: 3997: 3989: 3982: 3975: 3971: 3970: 3961: 3954: 3947: 3943: 3942: 3934: 3927: 3920: 3916: 3915: 3903:𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃𐍄𐍃 3896: 3889: 3882: 3878: 3877: 3869: 3862: 3855: 3851: 3850: 3841: 3834: 3827: 3823: 3822: 3809: 3802: 3795: 3791: 3790: 3776: 3769: 3762: 3758: 3757: 3754: 3751: 3748: 3737: 3734: 3729:va là zo co lu 3712: 3711: 3626: 3624: 3617: 3611: 3608: 3592: 3591: 3589: 3582: 3580: 3574: 3573: 3566: 3557: 3550: 3544: 3543: 3536: 3534: 3527: 3521: 3520: 3513: 3511: 3504: 3498: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3482: 3476: 3473: 3370:[ˈmaŋ] 3218:, "broom" are 2874: 2873: 2864: 2857: 2850: 2848: 2841: 2835: 2834: 2832: 2830: 2823: 2821: 2819: 2813: 2812: 2810: 2808: 2801: 2792: 2785: 2777: 2776: 2774: 2772: 2765: 2756: 2749: 2742: 2736: 2735: 2728: 2721: 2712: 2705: 2698: 2690: 2689: 2682: 2675: 2666: 2659: 2652: 2645: 2634: 2633: 2626: 2619: 2612: 2610: 2603: 2597: 2596: 2591: 2581: 2576: 2571: 2566: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2546: 2545: 2542: 2535: 2528: 2520: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2510: 2491: 2490: 2487: 2480: 2473: 2465: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2455: 2441: 2438: 2430: 2429: 2420: 2413: 2412: 2391: 2390: 2387: 2380: 2373: 2365: 2364: 2361: 2358: 2355: 2339: 2336: 2333: 2332: 2329: 2322: 2315: 2307: 2306: 2303: 2296: 2289: 2281: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2245: 2242: 2239: 2238: 2235: 2228: 2221: 2213: 2212: 2209: 2202: 2188: 2180: 2179: 2176: 2169: 2155: 2147: 2146: 2143: 2140: 2137: 2123: 2120: 2102: 2101: 2098: 2091: 2083: 2082: 2079: 2072: 2064: 2063: 2060: 2057: 2049: 2048: 2045: 2038: 2030: 2029: 2026: 2019: 2011: 2010: 2007: 2004: 1978: 1975: 1974: 1973: 1965: 1957: 1915: 1914: 1911: 1904: 1897: 1889: 1888: 1885: 1882:i gatti grassi 1878: 1871: 1863: 1862: 1859: 1852: 1845: 1837: 1836: 1833: 1826: 1819: 1811: 1810: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1751:, in favor of 1737:Venetian House 1695:Main article: 1692: 1689: 1688: 1687: 1668: 1661:Toledo, Paraná 1649:Talian dialect 1645: 1639: 1633: 1619: 1618: 1587: 1575:Sinistra Piave 1568: 1554: 1532: 1527: 1504: 1501: 1491:. The ancient 1449:as well as of 1397:(e.g. French, 1374:Giacomo Devoto 1337: 1336:Classification 1334: 1322:Ionian Islands 1234:Santa Catarina 1218:Espírito Santo 1212:spoken in the 1210:Talian dialect 1135:Emilia-Romagna 1089: 1088: 1071:September 2015 1047: 1045: 1038: 1032: 1029: 858:Tuscan dialect 826:attributed to 737: 734: 683:United Kingdom 581:wider Venetian 552: 551: 538:, you may see 524: 523: 512: 474: 468: 460: 452: 451: 444: 438: 437: 430: 422: 421: 414: 406: 405: 404:Language codes 401: 400: 397: 396: 395: 394: 380: 366: 332: 331: 330: 328:Espírito Santo 316: 302: 300:Santa Catarina 288: 270:Talian dialect 254: 253: 252: 224: 223: 221: 216: 213: 212: 208: 207: 206: 205: 200: 195: 190: 183: 179: 178: 176: 175: 174: 173: 172: 171: 170: 169: 168: 167: 166: 165: 164: 163: 126: 124: 117: 114: 113: 110: 107: 104: 103: 101: 100: 95: 90: 85: 80: 74: 72: 68: 67: 50: 49:Native to 46: 45: 31: 30: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14663: 14652: 14649: 14647: 14644: 14642: 14639: 14638: 14636: 14620: 14616: 14614: 14610: 14607: 14605: 14601: 14598: 14597: 14594: 14588: 14587:Proto-Romance 14585: 14584: 14582: 14580:Reconstructed 14578: 14570: 14567: 14565: 14562: 14561: 14560: 14557: 14555: 14554: 14550: 14548: 14547: 14546:British Latin 14543: 14541: 14540: 14536: 14535: 14533: 14529: 14517: 14514: 14512: 14509: 14507: 14504: 14502: 14499: 14498: 14496: 14493: 14490: 14489: 14485: 14484: 14482: 14478: 14470: 14467: 14465: 14462: 14460: 14457: 14455: 14452: 14450: 14447: 14446: 14445: 14442: 14438: 14435: 14433: 14430: 14429: 14428: 14425: 14421: 14418: 14417: 14416: 14413: 14412: 14410: 14408: 14402: 14392: 14391: 14387: 14386: 14385: 14384: 14380: 14376: 14373: 14371: 14368: 14367: 14366: 14365:Vivaro-Alpine 14363: 14359: 14356: 14355: 14354: 14351: 14349: 14346: 14344: 14341: 14339: 14338: 14334: 14330: 14329: 14325: 14323: 14320: 14318: 14315: 14313: 14310: 14309: 14308: 14305: 14303: 14300: 14299: 14298: 14295: 14289: 14286: 14284: 14281: 14280: 14278: 14276: 14273: 14271: 14270: 14266: 14262: 14259: 14257: 14254: 14250: 14247: 14245: 14242: 14241: 14240: 14237: 14235: 14232: 14231: 14229: 14227: 14224: 14223: 14222: 14221: 14217: 14216: 14214: 14212: 14206: 14195: 14192: 14189: 14186: 14185: 14183: 14179: 14171: 14170: 14169:Old Navarrese 14166: 14165: 14164: 14163: 14159: 14157: 14154: 14150: 14147: 14146: 14145: 14142: 14140: 14139: 14135: 14134: 14132: 14128: 14122: 14121: 14117: 14113: 14110: 14108: 14105: 14103: 14100: 14096: 14093: 14091: 14088: 14086: 14083: 14081: 14078: 14074: 14071: 14070: 14069: 14066: 14065: 14064: 14063: 14059: 14055: 14052: 14048: 14045: 14044: 14043: 14040: 14036: 14033: 14032: 14031: 14028: 14027: 14026: 14025: 14021: 14019: 14018:Equatoguinean 14016: 14014: 14011: 14010: 14009: 14008: 14004: 14002: 13999: 13997: 13994: 13992: 13989: 13988: 13986: 13984: 13980: 13974: 13973: 13969: 13965: 13962: 13960: 13957: 13953: 13950: 13949: 13948: 13947: 13943: 13939: 13936: 13935: 13934: 13933: 13929: 13927: 13924: 13922: 13921: 13917: 13915: 13912: 13911: 13910: 13909: 13905: 13903: 13902: 13898: 13896: 13893: 13888: 13885: 13884: 13883: 13880: 13878: 13875: 13874: 13872: 13870: 13866: 13860: 13859: 13855: 13853: 13850: 13846: 13843: 13842: 13841: 13838: 13836: 13833: 13829: 13826: 13825: 13824: 13821: 13820: 13818: 13816: 13812: 13809: 13806: 13799: 13793: 13783: 13782: 13778: 13776: 13775: 13771: 13767: 13764: 13762: 13759: 13757: 13754: 13753: 13751: 13748: 13747: 13744: 13736: 13733: 13731: 13728: 13727: 13726: 13723: 13719: 13716: 13714: 13711: 13710: 13709: 13706: 13704: 13701: 13699: 13696: 13694: 13691: 13687: 13684: 13682: 13679: 13677: 13674: 13670: 13669: 13665: 13661: 13658: 13657: 13656: 13653: 13651: 13648: 13646: 13645: 13641: 13640: 13639: 13636: 13635: 13634: 13631: 13629: 13626: 13622: 13619: 13617: 13614: 13612: 13609: 13608: 13607: 13604: 13600: 13599: 13595: 13591: 13588: 13584: 13581: 13580: 13579: 13576: 13574: 13571: 13567: 13564: 13562: 13559: 13557: 13554: 13552: 13549: 13545: 13542: 13540: 13537: 13536: 13535: 13532: 13530: 13527: 13525: 13522: 13518: 13515: 13513: 13510: 13509: 13508: 13505: 13504: 13503: 13500: 13499: 13497: 13495: 13492: 13490: 13487: 13486: 13485: 13484: 13480: 13478: 13475: 13473: 13472:Frainc-Comtou 13470: 13466: 13463: 13461: 13458: 13457: 13456: 13453: 13451: 13448: 13446: 13443: 13441: 13438: 13436: 13433: 13432: 13430: 13428: 13422: 13419: 13417: 13411: 13403: 13400: 13399: 13398: 13395: 13393: 13392: 13388: 13382: 13379: 13377: 13374: 13370: 13367: 13365: 13362: 13360: 13357: 13356: 13355: 13352: 13350: 13347: 13345: 13342: 13338: 13335: 13333: 13330: 13328: 13325: 13323: 13320: 13319: 13318: 13315: 13313: 13310: 13306: 13303: 13302: 13301: 13298: 13297: 13296: 13293: 13289: 13286: 13284: 13281: 13280: 13279: 13276: 13275: 13274: 13271: 13269: 13268:Judeo-Italian 13266: 13262: 13259: 13257: 13254: 13252: 13249: 13247: 13244: 13242: 13239: 13237: 13234: 13233: 13232: 13229: 13227: 13224: 13222: 13219: 13217: 13214: 13208: 13205: 13203: 13200: 13199: 13198: 13195: 13191: 13188: 13186: 13183: 13182: 13181: 13178: 13177: 13176: 13173: 13172: 13170: 13168: 13164: 13161: 13159: 13155: 13145: 13142: 13138: 13135: 13133: 13132: 13128: 13127: 13126: 13123: 13122: 13120: 13116: 13108: 13105: 13101: 13098: 13096: 13093: 13091: 13088: 13086: 13083: 13079: 13076: 13075: 13074: 13071: 13069: 13066: 13064: 13063:Castelmezzano 13061: 13059: 13056: 13054: 13051: 13050: 13049: 13048: 13044: 13043: 13042: 13039: 13033: 13030: 13029: 13028: 13025: 13021: 13018: 13017: 13016: 13013: 13011: 13008: 13007: 13006: 13003: 13002: 13000: 12996: 12988: 12985: 12984: 12983: 12982: 12978: 12976: 12973: 12969: 12968:Swiss Italian 12966: 12964: 12961: 12959: 12956: 12954: 12951: 12950: 12949: 12948: 12944: 12940: 12937: 12936: 12935: 12932: 12928: 12925: 12923: 12920: 12918: 12915: 12911: 12908: 12906: 12903: 12901: 12898: 12897: 12896: 12893: 12892: 12891: 12888: 12887: 12885: 12881: 12878: 12876: 12870: 12864: 12863: 12859: 12855: 12852: 12850: 12849:Transylvanian 12847: 12845: 12842: 12840: 12837: 12835: 12832: 12830: 12827: 12825: 12822: 12820: 12817: 12815: 12812: 12811: 12810: 12809: 12808:Daco-Romanian 12805: 12803: 12800: 12798: 12795: 12793: 12790: 12789: 12787: 12785: 12781: 12775: 12772: 12768: 12765: 12763: 12760: 12759: 12758: 12757:Italo-Western 12755: 12753: 12750: 12749: 12747: 12743: 12738: 12734: 12727: 12722: 12720: 12715: 12713: 12708: 12707: 12704: 12694: 12688: 12682: 12679: 12678: 12676: 12672: 12666: 12663: 12661: 12658: 12656: 12653: 12651: 12648: 12646: 12643: 12642: 12640: 12636: 12630: 12627: 12625: 12622: 12621: 12619: 12615: 12611: 12606: 12597: 12592: 12590: 12585: 12583: 12578: 12577: 12574: 12556: 12552: 12541: 12538: 12533: 12529: 12528: 12527: 12524: 12522: 12519: 12514: 12510: 12509: 12508: 12505: 12504: 12502: 12498: 12488: 12485: 12483: 12480: 12478: 12475: 12474: 12472: 12468: 12459: 12455: 12454: 12453: 12450: 12448: 12445: 12443: 12440: 12439: 12437: 12435: 12431: 12428: 12426: 12422: 12412: 12409: 12407: 12404: 12403: 12401: 12399: 12398:Italiot Greek 12395: 12392: 12390: 12386: 12376: 12373: 12371: 12370:Slavomolisano 12368: 12366: 12363: 12361: 12358: 12357: 12355: 12353: 12349: 12343: 12340: 12338: 12335: 12333: 12330: 12328: 12325: 12323: 12320: 12318: 12315: 12313: 12310: 12308: 12305: 12304: 12302: 12300: 12296: 12293: 12291: 12287: 12274: 12270: 12269: 12268: 12265: 12264: 12262: 12260: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12247: 12243: 12236: 12225: 12206: 12202: 12199: 12195: 12192: 12188: 12187: 12186: 12183: 12181: 12178: 12177: 12175: 12173: 12169: 12166: 12164: 12160: 12150: 12147: 12145: 12142: 12141: 12139: 12137: 12133: 12130: 12128: 12124: 12114: 12111: 12109: 12106: 12104: 12103:Judeo-Italian 12101: 12099: 12096: 12094: 12091: 12090: 12088: 12082: 12073: 12069: 12068: 12067: 12064: 12059: 12055: 12052: 12048: 12047: 12046: 12043: 12042: 12040: 12038: 12034: 12025: 12021: 12018: 12014: 12013: 12012: 12009: 12004: 12000: 11995: 11991: 11988: 11984: 11981: 11977: 11976: 11974: 11970: 11967: 11963: 11958: 11954: 11953: 11951: 11947: 11944: 11940: 11935: 11931: 11928: 11924: 11921: 11917: 11914: 11910: 11909: 11907: 11903: 11898: 11894: 11893: 11891: 11887: 11882: 11878: 11877: 11875: 11871: 11870: 11869: 11866: 11865: 11863: 11861: 11857: 11851: 11848: 11846: 11843: 11841: 11838: 11836: 11833: 11831: 11828: 11826: 11823: 11822: 11820: 11818: 11814: 11811: 11809: 11805: 11792: 11788: 11787: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11777: 11775: 11773: 11769: 11763: 11760: 11759: 11757: 11755: 11751: 11748: 11746: 11745:Gallo-Romance 11742: 11732: 11729: 11724: 11720: 11719: 11718: 11717:Vivaro-Alpine 11715: 11714: 11712: 11710: 11706: 11700: 11697: 11696: 11694: 11692: 11688: 11685: 11683: 11679: 11669: 11666: 11664: 11661: 11660: 11658: 11656: 11652: 11649: 11647: 11643: 11633: 11630: 11628: 11625: 11623: 11620: 11619: 11617: 11611: 11602: 11598: 11597: 11596: 11593: 11588: 11584: 11583: 11582: 11579: 11577: 11574: 11573: 11571: 11569: 11565: 11559: 11556: 11554: 11551: 11549: 11546: 11544: 11541: 11536: 11532: 11531: 11530: 11527: 11525: 11522: 11520: 11517: 11515: 11512: 11510: 11507: 11505: 11502: 11501: 11499: 11497: 11493: 11487: 11484: 11482: 11479: 11477: 11474: 11472: 11469: 11467: 11464: 11463: 11461: 11457: 11451: 11448: 11447: 11445: 11443: 11439: 11433: 11430: 11429: 11427: 11425: 11421: 11418: 11416: 11415:Italo-Romance 11412: 11408: 11404: 11400: 11396: 11392: 11388: 11384: 11380: 11376: 11372: 11368: 11364: 11360: 11356: 11352: 11348: 11347: 11341: 11337: 11332: 11323: 11318: 11316: 11311: 11309: 11304: 11303: 11300: 11294: 11291: 11287: 11286: 11281: 11279: 11275: 11272: 11269: 11268: 11257: 11245: 11229: 11225: 11221: 11217: 11213: 11212: 11207: 11203: 11199: 11194: 11190: 11185: 11181: 11175: 11171: 11166: 11162: 11157: 11156: 11143: 11142:Ferguson 2007 11138: 11130: 11124: 11110: 11104: 11090: 11084: 11070: 11064: 11058: 11054: 11048: 11032: 11028: 11024: 11017: 11009: 11003: 10999: 10992: 10986: 10980: 10972: 10966: 10962: 10955: 10949: 10944: 10938: 10933: 10927: 10922: 10913: 10906: 10905:Ferguson 2007 10901: 10894: 10890: 10886: 10882: 10878: 10870: 10866: 10859: 10852: 10847: 10845: 10812: 10807: 10796: 10795: 10787: 10779: 10773: 10765: 10758: 10743: 10739: 10732: 10723: 10714: 10707: 10705: 10698: 10691: 10683: 10679: 10672: 10664: 10663: 10655: 10639: 10635: 10629: 10613: 10609: 10605: 10599: 10590: 10583: 10578: 10571: 10565: 10549: 10545: 10541: 10535: 10527: 10523: 10519: 10513: 10505: 10501: 10494: 10486: 10482: 10475: 10467: 10463: 10459: 10453: 10445: 10441: 10435: 10427: 10426: 10418: 10416: 10409: 10408:, Treccani.it 10407: 10401: 10399: 10390: 10383: 10381: 10372: 10365: 10363: 10346: 10342: 10336: 10328: 10322: 10313: 10302: 10298: 10297: 10289: 10283: 10269: 10268: 10260: 10254: 10246: 10242: 10236: 10234: 10232: 10223: 10222:Glottolog.org 10219: 10213: 10211: 10209: 10192: 10188: 10184: 10177: 10167: 10166: 10161: 10156: 10148: 10142: 10134: 10127: 10125: 10116: 10109: 10107: 10098: 10094: 10087: 10085: 10083: 10074: 10070: 10064: 10062: 10060: 10055: 10042: 10038: 10034: 10029: 10028: 10017: 10016: 10015:Quatro Ciàcoe 10011: 10009: 10006: 10004: 10001: 9999: 9996: 9994: 9991: 9990: 9978: 9972: 9967: 9964: 9962: 9959: 9956: 9952: 9951: 9946: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9925: 9921: 9920: 9917: 9913: 9910: 9907: 9904: 9900: 9899: 9894: 9889: 9886: 9884: 9881: 9878: 9874: 9873: 9868: 9863: 9860: 9858: 9855: 9852: 9848: 9847: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9832: 9828: 9827: 9823: 9820: 9818: 9815: 9812: 9808: 9807: 9803: 9799: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9784: 9780: 9779: 9776: 9772: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9761: 9757: 9756: 9753: 9749: 9747: 9745: 9742: 9739: 9735: 9734: 9731: 9727: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9717: 9713: 9712: 9708: 9707:Bay of Bengal 9704: 9699: 9689: 9686: 9684: 9681: 9678: 9674: 9673: 9669: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9649: 9645: 9644: 9640: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9628: 9625: 9621: 9620: 9615: 9610: 9607: 9605: 9602: 9599: 9595: 9594: 9590: 9586: 9583: 9581: 9578: 9575: 9571: 9570: 9565: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9549: 9545: 9544: 9540: 9535: 9532: 9530: 9527: 9524: 9520: 9519: 9515: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9503: 9500: 9496: 9495: 9490: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9477: 9474: 9470: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9456: 9454: 9451: 9448: 9444: 9443: 9439: 9436: 9434: 9431: 9428: 9424: 9423: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9408: 9404: 9403: 9399: 9396: 9394: 9391: 9388: 9384: 9383: 9379: 9373: 9367: 9357: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9346: 9342: 9341: 9336: 9326: 9323: 9321: 9318: 9315: 9311: 9310: 9306: 9303: 9300: 9297: 9296: 9293: 9284: 9282: 9278: 9274: 9270: 9266: 9259:Miscellaneous 9251: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9200: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9190: 9175: 9153: 9150: 9148: 9124: 9123: 9120: 9118: 9114: 9110: 9105: 9100: 9099: 9090: 9079: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9020: 9019: 9016: 9013: 9012: 9006: 9005:Angelo Beolco 8994: 8989: 8975: 8971: 8968: 8962: 8959: 8956: 8953: 8950: 8947: 8942: 8941: 8938: 8932: 8929: 8926: 8923: 8920: 8917: 8912: 8911: 8908: 8906: 8900: 8896: 8890: 8887: 8884: 8881: 8878: 8875: 8870: 8869: 8865: 8861: 8858: 8852: 8849: 8846: 8843: 8840: 8837: 8832: 8831: 8827: 8823: 8819: 8813: 8810: 8807: 8804: 8801: 8798: 8793: 8792: 8788: 8784: 8780: 8774: 8771: 8768: 8765: 8762: 8759: 8754: 8753: 8749: 8745: 8741: 8731: 8728: 8725: 8722: 8719: 8716: 8708: 8707: 8704: 8686: 8683: 8680: 8677: 8674: 8671: 8665: 8662: 8656: 8653: 8650: 8647: 8644: 8641: 8639:or before o) 8630: 8625: 8624: 8621: 8615: 8612: 8609: 8606: 8603: 8600: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8583: 8582: 8578: 8574: 8570: 8552: 8540: 8534: 8528: 8525: 8523: 8520: 8517: 8514: 8511: 8508: 8502: 8499: 8493: 8490: 8487: 8484: 8481: 8478: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8461: 8460: 8457: 8447: 8435: 8429: 8423: 8420: 8410: 8407: 8404: 8401: 8398: 8395: 8389: 8386: 8380: 8377: 8374: 8371: 8368: 8365: 8359: 8355: 8351: 8347: 8337: 8334: 8331: 8328: 8325: 8322: 8316: 8313: 8307: 8304: 8301: 8298: 8295: 8292: 8286: 8283: 8273: 8270: 8267: 8264: 8261: 8258: 8252: 8248: 8244: 8240: 8226: 8223: 8220: 8217: 8214: 8211: 8208: 8207: 8203: 8189: 8186: 8183: 8180: 8177: 8174: 8171: 8165: 8161: 8157: 8153: 8147: 8144: 8141: 8138: 8135: 8132: 8129: 8128: 8125: 8119: 8116: 8113: 8110: 8107: 8104: 8101: 8095: 8092: 8086: 8083: 8080: 8077: 8074: 8071: 8068: 8067: 8064: 8058: 8055: 8052: 8049: 8046: 8043: 8040: 8034: 8030: 8026: 8022: 8018: 8014: 8004: 8001: 7998: 7995: 7992: 7989: 7983: 7980: 7974: 7971: 7968: 7965: 7962: 7959: 7953: 7950: 7944: 7941: 7938: 7935: 7932: 7929: 7923: 7919: 7915: 7911: 7905: 7902: 7899: 7896: 7893: 7890: 7886: 7882: 7878: 7874: 7864: 7861: 7858: 7855: 7852: 7849: 7843: 7840: 7834: 7831: 7828: 7825: 7822: 7819: 7813: 7809: 7805: 7801: 7797: 7787: 7784: 7781: 7778: 7775: 7772: 7766: 7762: 7758: 7755: 7752: 7749: 7746: 7743: 7740: 7739: 7735: 7731: 7728: 7715: 7712: 7709: 7703: 7700: 7694: 7690: 7686: 7683: 7673: 7670: 7667: 7664: 7661: 7660: 7656: 7652: 7648: 7644: 7630: 7627: 7621: 7620: 7617: 7613: 7609: 7606: 7603: 7594: 7588: 7582: 7578: 7574: 7570: 7566: 7563: 7549: 7546: 7545: 7541: 7537: 7534: 7524: 7506: 7500: 7497: 7487: 7484: 7481: 7478: 7475: 7472: 7469: 7468: 7464: 7460: 7456: 7442: 7439: 7436: 7433: 7430: 7427: 7424: 7418: 7415: 7405: 7402: 7399: 7398: 7394: 7390: 7387: 7373: 7361: 7355: 7349: 7345: 7341: 7337: 7323: 7320: 7317: 7314: 7311: 7308: 7302: 7299: 7289: 7286: 7283: 7280: 7277: 7274: 7268: 7264: 7260: 7256: 7233: 7230: 7227: 7224: 7221: 7218: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7202:(snot) from * 7201: 7197: 7194: 7191: 7188: 7185: 7182: 7179: 7178: 7175: 7172: 7169: 7166: 7163: 7160: 7159: 7155: 7151: 7148: 7145: 7142: 7139: 7136: 7135: 7131: 7127: 7123: 7110: 7104: 7098: 7095: 7089: 7086: 7083: 7080: 7077: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7064: 7061: 7058: 7055: 7054: 7050: 7046: 7043: 7018: 7009: 7003: 6997: 6994: 6984: 6981: 6978: 6977: 6974: 6948: 6945: 6942: 6941: 6938: 6928: 6916: 6910: 6904: 6900: 6896: 6892: 6878: 6875: 6872: 6869: 6866: 6863: 6860: 6859: 6855: 6851: 6848: 6838: 6835: 6832: 6829: 6826: 6823: 6820: 6819: 6815: 6811: 6807: 6789: 6786: 6783: 6780: 6777: 6774: 6771: 6765: 6761: 6757: 6753: 6749: 6746: 6732: 6729: 6726: 6723: 6720: 6717: 6711: 6708: 6698: 6695: 6692: 6689: 6686: 6683: 6677: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6657: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6638: 6636: 6630: 6622: 6616: 6612: 6608: 6603: 6599: 6597: 6591: 6583: 6572: 6566: 6560: 6554: 6544: 6538: 6532: 6526: 6519: 6510:and a single 6507: 6491: 6488: 6482: 6476: 6470: 6464: 6458: 6449: 6445: 6441: 6432: 6426: 6419: 6408: 6402: 6396: 6392:, "gun") and 6390: 6384: 6378: 6372: 6366: 6360: 6347: 6343: 6328: 6323: 6319: 6314: 6308: 6303: 6297: 6292: 6286: 6281: 6275: 6270: 6264: 6259: 6253: 6248: 6242: 6237: 6231: 6219: 6214:to represent 6208: 6204: 6196: 6188: 6176: 6168: 6156: 6148: 6137: 6109: 6101: 6090: 6080: 6065: 6057: 6049: 6042: 6032: 6012: 6002: 5994:"sweet", now 5992: 5985: 5977: 5969: 5959: 5943: 5925: 5911: 5904: 5896: 5888: 5880: 5870: 5862: 5856: 5850: 5841: 5835: 5825: 5824: 5823: 5808: 5806: 5802: 5792: 5790: 5786: 5782: 5777: 5775: 5771: 5767: 5763: 5759: 5758:Veneto Region 5755: 5750: 5748: 5744: 5740: 5736: 5732: 5728: 5724: 5721:(acronym for 5720: 5704: 5701: 5693: 5683: 5679: 5673: 5672: 5667:This section 5665: 5661: 5656: 5655: 5643: 5642: 5637: 5634: 5630: 5627: 5623: 5620: 5619: 5616: 5615: 5610: 5606: 5605: 5600: 5597: 5593: 5590: 5586: 5583: 5582: 5578: 5577: 5572: 5569: 5565: 5562: 5558: 5555: 5554: 5551: 5550: 5545: 5542: 5538: 5535: 5531: 5528: 5527: 5523: 5522: 5517: 5514: 5510: 5507: 5503: 5500: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5493: 5492: 5487: 5486: 5478: 5475: 5471: 5468: 5464: 5461: 5460: 5455: 5451:from Italian 5450: 5447: 5443: 5440: 5436: 5433: 5432: 5429: 5428: 5423: 5420: 5416: 5413: 5409: 5406: 5405: 5402: 5401: 5396: 5393: 5389: 5386: 5382: 5379: 5378: 5375: 5374: 5368: 5362: 5357: 5354: 5350: 5347: 5343: 5340: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5328: 5323: 5322: 5317: 5314: 5310: 5307: 5303: 5300: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5288: 5281: 5280: 5274: 5267: 5264: 5260: 5257: 5253: 5250: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5234: 5230: 5227: 5223: 5220: 5219: 5216: 5215: 5210: 5207: 5203: 5200: 5196: 5193: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5186: 5185: 5176: 5173: 5169: 5166: 5162: 5159: 5158: 5155: 5154: 5149: 5146: 5142: 5139: 5135: 5132: 5131: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5114: 5110: 5107: 5103: 5100: 5099: 5095: 5094: 5089: 5088: 5083: 5082: 5077: 5074: 5070: 5067: 5063: 5060: 5059: 5056: 5055: 5050: 5047: 5043: 5040: 5036: 5033: 5032: 5029: 5028: 5023: 5018: 5017: 5016: 5006: 4999: 4996: 4992: 4989: 4985: 4982: 4981: 4978: 4977: 4972: 4969: 4965: 4962: 4958: 4955: 4954: 4950: 4945: 4942: 4938: 4935: 4931: 4928: 4927: 4924: 4923: 4918: 4915: 4911: 4908: 4904: 4901: 4900: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4883: 4879: 4876: 4872: 4869: 4868: 4864: 4863: 4858: 4857: 4852: 4849: 4845: 4842: 4838: 4835: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4819: 4815: 4812: 4808: 4805: 4804: 4799: 4793: 4789:derived from 4788: 4785: 4781: 4778: 4774: 4771: 4770: 4766: 4765: 4760: 4759: 4754: 4753: 4748: 4745: 4741: 4738: 4734: 4731: 4730: 4726: 4725: 4720: 4719: 4714: 4711: 4707: 4704: 4703:grosso covone 4700: 4697: 4696: 4692: 4688: 4685: 4681: 4678: 4674: 4671: 4670: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4653: 4649: 4646: 4642: 4639: 4638: 4635: 4634: 4628: 4623: 4620: 4616: 4613: 4609: 4606: 4605: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4588: 4584: 4581: 4577: 4574: 4573: 4569: 4563: 4557: 4552: 4549: 4545: 4542: 4538: 4535: 4534: 4530: 4525: 4522: 4518: 4515: 4511: 4508: 4507: 4504: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4487: 4486: 4482: 4481: 4476: 4473: 4469: 4466: 4462: 4459: 4458: 4454: 4451: 4447: 4444: 4440: 4437: 4436: 4432: 4431: 4426: 4423: 4419: 4416: 4412: 4409: 4408: 4405: 4401: 4398: 4394: 4391: 4387: 4384: 4383: 4379: 4378: 4373: 4370: 4366: 4363: 4359: 4356: 4355: 4352: 4351: 4346: 4343: 4339: 4336: 4332: 4329: 4328: 4325: 4324: 4319: 4316: 4312: 4309: 4305: 4302: 4301: 4298: 4297: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4280: 4279: 4274: 4271: 4267: 4264: 4263: 4259: 4258: 4253: 4252: 4247: 4244: 4240: 4237: 4233: 4230: 4229: 4225: 4222: 4218: 4215: 4211: 4208: 4207: 4204: 4203: 4198: 4195: 4191: 4188: 4184: 4181: 4180: 4177: 4176: 4171: 4168: 4164: 4161: 4157: 4154: 4153: 4150: 4149: 4144: 4140: 4137: 4133: 4130: 4126: 4123: 4122: 4119: 4118: 4113: 4112: 4107: 4104: 4100: 4097: 4093: 4090: 4089: 4085: 4082: 4078: 4075: 4071: 4068: 4067: 4062: 4056: 4051: 4048: 4044: 4041: 4037: 4034: 4033: 4029: 4028: 4023: 4022: 4017: 4014: 4010: 4007: 4003: 4000: 3999: 3995: 3990: 3987: 3983: 3980: 3976: 3973: 3972: 3968: 3967: 3963:from Italian 3962: 3959: 3955: 3952: 3948: 3945: 3944: 3940: 3935: 3932: 3928: 3925: 3921: 3918: 3917: 3911: 3910: 3904: 3897: 3894: 3890: 3887: 3883: 3880: 3879: 3876: 3875: 3870: 3867: 3863: 3860: 3856: 3853: 3852: 3848: 3847: 3842: 3839: 3835: 3832: 3828: 3825: 3824: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3807: 3803: 3800: 3796: 3793: 3792: 3789: 3788: 3783: 3782: 3777: 3774: 3770: 3767: 3763: 3760: 3759: 3755: 3752: 3749: 3746: 3745: 3742: 3733: 3730: 3725: 3721: 3708: 3705: 3697: 3686: 3683: 3679: 3676: 3672: 3669: 3665: 3662: 3658: 3655: –  3654: 3650: 3649:Find sources: 3643: 3639: 3633: 3632: 3627:This section 3625: 3621: 3616: 3615: 3607: 3604: 3599: 3590: 3587: 3583: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3558: 3555: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3528: 3526: 3523: 3518: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3496: 3493: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3481: 3480: 3472: 3469: 3463: 3457: 3451: 3444: 3436: 3429: 3426: 3422:"to anoint", 3420: 3414: 3408: 3401: 3393: 3386: 3380: 3379: 3371: 3365: 3364: 3356: 3352: 3351: 3344: 3340: 3339: 3327: 3319: 3312: 3308: 3301: 3295: 3289: 3283: 3278: 3274: 3269: 3263: 3257: 3251: 3247:("ball") and 3245: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3226: 3221: 3216: 3210: 3200: 3195: 3189: 3184: 3178: 3173: 3167: 3153: 3129: 3113: 3105: 3095: 3089: 3082: 3079: 3068: 3061: 3052: 3046: 3040: 3034: 3027: 3016: 3009: 3006: 2979: 2971: 2963: 2955: 2947: 2940: 2938: 2933: 2927: 2921: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2905: 2883: 2870: 2865: 2862: 2858: 2855: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2842: 2840: 2836: 2833: 2831: 2828: 2824: 2822: 2820: 2818: 2814: 2811: 2809: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2793: 2790: 2786: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2757: 2754: 2750: 2747: 2743: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2713: 2710: 2706: 2703: 2699: 2696: 2692: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2667: 2664: 2660: 2657: 2653: 2650: 2646: 2644: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2624: 2620: 2617: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2604: 2602: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2564: 2543: 2540: 2536: 2533: 2529: 2526: 2522: 2521: 2517: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2498: 2488: 2485: 2481: 2478: 2474: 2471: 2467: 2466: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2437: 2435: 2426: 2421: 2418: 2417: 2416: 2409: 2404: 2403: 2402: 2399: 2388: 2385: 2381: 2378: 2374: 2371: 2367: 2366: 2362: 2359: 2356: 2353: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2331:They woke up 2330: 2327: 2323: 2320: 2316: 2313: 2309: 2308: 2304: 2301: 2297: 2294: 2290: 2287: 2283: 2282: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2269: 2268: 2265: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2236: 2233: 2229: 2226: 2222: 2219: 2215: 2214: 2210: 2207: 2203: 2200: 2193: 2189: 2186: 2182: 2181: 2177: 2174: 2170: 2167: 2160: 2156: 2153: 2149: 2148: 2144: 2141: 2138: 2135: 2134: 2131: 2129: 2128:interrogative 2119: 2115: 2109: 2099: 2096: 2092: 2089: 2085: 2084: 2080: 2077: 2073: 2070: 2066: 2065: 2061: 2058: 2055: 2054: 2046: 2043: 2039: 2036: 2032: 2031: 2027: 2024: 2020: 2017: 2013: 2012: 2008: 2005: 2002: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1989: 1984: 1971: 1966: 1963: 1958: 1954: 1949: 1948: 1947: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1924: 1912: 1909: 1905: 1902: 1901:łe gate grase 1898: 1895: 1894:le gate grase 1891: 1890: 1886: 1883: 1879: 1876: 1872: 1869: 1865: 1864: 1860: 1857: 1853: 1850: 1849:ła gata grasa 1846: 1843: 1842:la gata grasa 1839: 1838: 1834: 1831: 1827: 1824: 1823:el gato graso 1820: 1817: 1816:el gato graso 1813: 1812: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1780: 1777: 1771: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1742: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1721: 1715: 1709: 1703: 1698: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1653:Antônio Prado 1650: 1646: 1644: 1640: 1638: 1634: 1632: 1628: 1627: 1626: 1623: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1601:, comprising 1600: 1595: 1591: 1590:North-Central 1588: 1585: 1582:(most of the 1581: 1576: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1510: 1509: 1508: 1500: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1477:Indo-European 1474: 1471: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1342: 1333: 1330: 1329: 1323: 1320:, one of the 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1294: 1291: 1285: 1279: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1237: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1190: 1186: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1085: 1082: 1074: 1064: 1060: 1054: 1053: 1048:This section 1046: 1042: 1037: 1036: 1028: 1025: 1020: 1018: 1013: 1007: 1002: 1001: 994: 988: 982: 980: 977:" community ( 976: 972: 968: 964: 960: 956: 951: 949: 945: 941: 937: 932: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 909:Veneto region 905: 904:(1778–1827). 903: 899: 895: 889: 887: 883: 882:langues d'oïl 879: 875: 871: 867: 863: 859: 855: 851: 846: 844: 840: 835: 833: 829: 825: 824: 819: 815: 811: 810: 809:Divine Comedy 805: 801: 800: 794: 791: 790: 784: 780: 779:Carlo Goldoni 777:(1502–1542), 776: 772: 768: 767:lingua franca 764: 759: 757: 753: 749: 743: 733: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 686: 684: 680: 679:United States 676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 607: 602: 596: 591: 590:łengua vèneta 586: 582: 578: 571: 566: 558: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 531: 525: 519: 509: 505: 502:and formerly 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 466: 465: 458: 453: 449: 445: 443: 439: 435: 431: 429: 428: 423: 419: 415: 412: 407: 402: 393: 381: 379: 367: 365: 353: 352: 349: 344: 333: 329: 317: 315: 303: 301: 289: 287: 275: 274: 271: 266: 255: 251: 239: 238: 237: 226: 225: 222: 214: 209: 204: 201: 199: 196: 194: 191: 189: 186: 185: 184: 180: 162: 159: 158: 156: 155: 154: 153:Italo-Western 151: 150: 149: 146: 145: 144: 141: 140: 139: 136: 135: 134: 131: 130: 129: 128:Indo-European 125: 121: 115: 111: 105: 99: 98:Coastal–Karst 96: 94: 93:Istria County 91: 89: 86: 84: 81: 79: 76: 75: 73: 69: 66: 62: 58: 54: 51: 47: 43: 37: 32: 27: 22: 14608: 14599: 14551: 14544: 14537: 14494: 14486: 14388: 14381: 14343:Languedocien 14335: 14328:Judeo-Gascon 14326: 14267: 14218: 14188:Barranquenho 14167: 14160: 14136: 14118: 14060: 14022: 14005: 13996:Extremaduran 13970: 13944: 13930: 13918: 13906: 13899: 13856: 13815:Asturleonese 13779: 13772: 13730:West Walloon 13718:Saintongeais 13666: 13642: 13638:Anglo-Norman 13596: 13529:Newfoundland 13489:Jersey Legal 13481: 13389: 13354:Southwestern 13337:Vallassinese 13226:Gallo-Picene 13167:Gallo-Italic 13129: 13045: 13040: 12979: 12945: 12860: 12806: 12628: 12555: 12532:Sinte Romani 12342:Torre Valley 12290:South Slavic 12235:Italy portal 12135: 12126: 11927:Vallassinese 11808:Gallo-Italic 11344: 11232:. Retrieved 11210: 11197: 11188: 11169: 11160: 11152:Bibliography 11137: 11123: 11112:. Retrieved 11103: 11092:. Retrieved 11083: 11072:. Retrieved 11063: 11052: 11047: 11035:. Retrieved 11031:the original 11026: 11016: 10997: 10991: 10979: 10960: 10954: 10943: 10932: 10921: 10912: 10900: 10888: 10884: 10883:/ 'nasca'; / 10880: 10876: 10872: 10868: 10864: 10858: 10851:Zamboni 1975 10806: 10793: 10786: 10763: 10757: 10746:. Retrieved 10744:(in Italian) 10741: 10731: 10722: 10713: 10700: 10696: 10690: 10677: 10671: 10661: 10654: 10642:. Retrieved 10638:the original 10628: 10616:. Retrieved 10612:the original 10607: 10598: 10589: 10577: 10569: 10564: 10552:. Retrieved 10548:the original 10544:Yahoo Groups 10543: 10534: 10525: 10521: 10512: 10503: 10499: 10493: 10484: 10480: 10474: 10465: 10461: 10452: 10434: 10424: 10405: 10388: 10370: 10349:. Retrieved 10335: 10321: 10312: 10301:the original 10296:Linguasphere 10294: 10282: 10271:. Retrieved 10267:Linguasphere 10265: 10253: 10244: 10221: 10195:. Retrieved 10191:the original 10186: 10176: 10163: 10155: 10132: 10114: 10092: 10071:. Montreal: 10068: 10032: 9730:Adriatic Sea 9638: 9513: 9290: 9281:Polish złoty 9262: 9231: 9202: 9186: 9155: 9126: 9096: 9094: 9055: 9022: 9002: 8983:Sample texts 8973: 8969: 8904: 8902: 8898: 8863: 8859: 8825: 8821: 8786: 8782: 8747: 8743: 8714:(dialectal) 8576: 8572: 8505:/r.j/~/r.dʒ/ 8353: 8349: 8289:/ŋ.j/~/ŋ.dʒ/ 8255:/n.j/~/n.dʒ/ 8246: 8242: 8159: 8155: 8028: 8024: 8020: 8016: 7917: 7913: 7880: 7876: 7807: 7803: 7799: 7760: 7756: 7733: 7729: 7701:+ a \ o \ u 7688: 7684: 7654: 7650: 7646: 7615: 7611: 7576: 7572: 7568: 7564: 7539: 7535: 7507:+ a \ o \ u 7503:/dz/~/ð/~/z/ 7462: 7458: 7425:+ a \ o \ u 7392: 7388: 7343: 7339: 7262: 7258: 7205: 7203: 7199: 7153: 7149: 7129: 7125: 7096:+ a \ o \ u 7070: 7066: 7048: 7044: 6911:+ a \ o \ u 6907:/ts/~/θ/~/s/ 6898: 6894: 6853: 6849: 6813: 6809: 6772:+ a \ o \ u 6759: 6755: 6751: 6747: 6604: 6600: 6595: 6497: 6447: 6443: 6439: 6345: 6341: 6324: 6312: 6301: 6290: 6279: 6268: 6257: 6246: 6235: 6232: 6209: 6163:to indicate 6138: 6092:represented 6033: 6021: 6014:"hope", now 5839: 5809: 5805:Latin script 5798: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5778: 5769: 5765: 5761: 5753: 5751: 5746: 5742: 5738: 5730: 5726: 5722: 5718: 5716: 5696: 5687: 5676:Please help 5671:verification 5668: 5608: 5534:mucca, vacca 5518:from French 5480: 5273:𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌺𐍃 5268:from Gothic 5211:from German 5178: 5150:from German 5125: 5061:grasshopper 5054:Scheidemünze 5051:from German 5039:denaro soldi 5021: 5005:𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 5000:from Gothic 4946:from German 4919:from French 4894: 4853:from French 4691:onomatopoeic 4664: 4599: 4502: 4501:From German 4496: 4491: 4403: 4243:caréga, trón 4187:angolo/parte 4182:corner/side 3994:(bom)byculus 3936:from Arabic 3898:from Gothic 3843:from German 3818: 3739: 3723: 3715: 3700: 3694:October 2023 3691: 3681: 3674: 3667: 3660: 3648: 3636:Please help 3631:verification 3628: 3597: 3596:An accented 3595: 3430: 3377: 3362: 3349: 3347: 3337: 3335: 3313: 3297:to Venetian 3276: 3272: 3241:("slices"), 3230: 3154: 3083: 3050: 3038: 3010: 2941: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2877: 2494: 2443: 2433: 2431: 2414: 2394: 2341: 2247: 2127: 2125: 2105: 1980: 1962:Mi A go fato 1943: 1939: 1935: 1925: 1918: 1875:i gati grasi 1868:i gati grasi 1791: 1781: 1753:prepositions 1746: 1732:Lasa pur dir 1624: 1620: 1594:Destra Piave 1589: 1570: 1556: 1534: 1511: 1506: 1467: 1382: 1350:Vulgar Latin 1347: 1328:Stato da Màr 1295: 1238: 1195: 1119:Kvarner Gulf 1101:and in both 1092: 1077: 1068: 1057:Please help 1052:verification 1049: 1021: 999: 983: 978: 957:of southern 952: 933: 906: 894:Pietro Bembo 890: 847: 836: 821: 818:Biagio Marin 807: 797: 795: 760: 752:Vulgar Latin 745: 687: 651:Bay of Kotor 631:Julian March 617:, mostly in 584: 580: 576: 575: 527: 461: 442:Linguasphere 425: 160: 14564:Campidanese 14390:Old Catalan 14383:Old Occitan 14120:Old Spanish 14054:Rioplatense 13858:Old Leonese 13686:Cotentinais 13650:Guernésiais 13573:Frenchville 13566:New England 13445:Bourbonnais 13397:Piedmontese 13391:Old Lombard 13283:Bergamasque 13207:Sammarinese 12624:Montenegrin 12540:Wenzhounese 12365:Montenegrin 12312:Gail Valley 12113:Piedmontese 12017:Bergamasque 11663:Campidanese 11504:Beneventano 11471:Marchigiano 11403:Wenzhounese 9427:contrabando 9366:al-kharshūf 9330:دار الصناعة 8259:n'j~n'g(i) 6450:represents 6132:represents 5915:/zo,dzo,ðo/ 5899:or even to 5871:The letter 5826:The letter 5638:from Latin 5573:from Latin 5546:from Latin 5479:from Latin 5424:from Latin 5397:from Latin 5385:raccogliere 5380:to pick up 5358:from Latin 5341:to whistle 5330:. Example: 5177:from Latin 5073:saltapaiusc 5024:and German 4973:from Latin 4949:blau machen 4887:from Greek 4777:pipistrello 4749:from Latin 4727:"haystack" 4715:from Latin 4657:from Greek 4640:moustaches 4592:from Greek 4553:from Latin 4526:from Latin 4477:from Latin 4427:from Latin 4347:from Latin 4320:from Latin 4248:from Latin 4199:from Latin 4172:from Latin 4145:of Italian 4108:from Latin 4052:from Latin 4018:from Latin 3991:from Latin 3871:from Latin 3849:"to drink" 3778:from Latin 3410:"to sing", 3220:homophonous 2966:instead of 2926:zhena, žena 2839:Approximant 2446:Old English 2398:èsar łà che 1970:Io ho fatto 1749:case system 902:Ugo Foscolo 900:itself, to 870:Machiavelli 783:Carlo Gozzi 542:instead of 14635:Categories 14611:indicates 14569:Logudorese 14102:Philippine 14068:Andalusian 14062:Peninsular 13952:Estremenho 13908:Portuguese 13835:Cantabrian 13668:Law French 13660:Sercquiais 13494:Meridional 13455:Champenois 13450:Burgundian 13261:Tabarchino 13251:Monégasque 13190:Parmigiano 13047:Neapolitan 13020:Manduriano 12987:Florentine 12854:Wallachian 12824:Bukovinian 12691:See Also: 12058:Parmigiano 11850:Tabarchino 11840:Monégasque 11668:Logudorese 11587:Manduriano 11450:Florentine 11234:August 28, 11114:2021-05-27 11094:2021-05-27 11074:2019-06-20 10748:2020-08-24 10554:15 October 10327:"Language" 10316:Ethnologue 10273:2018-12-11 10245:Ethnologue 10241:"Venetian" 10218:"Venetian" 10165:Ethnologue 10050:References 9980:at Rialto 9817:quarantine 9811:cuarantena 9752:Aegean Sea 9744:Negroponte 9738:Negroponte 9722:Montenegro 9716:Montenegro 9701:, or from 9693:مَرْطَبَان 9668:Monemvasia 9433:contraband 9117:Saint Mark 9007:), titled 8233:/ɱ~n̪~n~ŋ/ 8196:/ɱ~n̪~n~ŋ/ 7990:li~j~g(i) 7691:-crollare 7538:orno from 6475:nascondere 6466:, "box"), 5960:Likewise, 5933:/ˈdzovena/ 5284:or German 5106:scoiattolo 5066:cavalletta 4902:dandelion 4698:big sheaf 4529:in + exita 4483:, "cruet" 4385:miniskirt 4047:bísa, bíso 3974:spaghetti 3914:"contest" 3664:newspapers 3416:"winter", 3334:, such as 3291:, Italian 3053:, written 2556:Consonants 2422:Venetian: 1950:Venetian: 1615:Zoldo Alto 1390:agallicità 1318:Cephalonia 1306:Portuguese 1290:Chipileños 1261:Guanajuato 1216:states of 944:Tergestino 812:(1875) by 740:See also: 726:Tagliavini 702:Ethnologue 655:Montenegro 157:(disputed) 65:Montenegro 14619:varieties 14602:indicate 14559:Sardinian 14516:Triestine 14464:Sursilvan 14375:Mentonasc 14353:Provençal 14302:Auvergnat 14288:Valencian 14244:Mallorcan 14234:Algherese 14209:Occitano- 14156:Navarrese 14144:Aragonese 14080:Castilian 13983:Castilian 13959:Uruguayan 13932:Brazilian 13895:Minderico 13889:/Eonavian 13852:Mirandese 13766:Valdôtain 13752:/Arpitan 13693:Orléanais 13644:Auregnais 13628:Mayennais 13578:Louisiana 13460:Ardennais 13440:Berrichon 13246:Intemelio 13202:Forlivese 13185:Bolognese 13131:Dalmatian 13095:Tarantino 13058:Benevento 13015:Salentino 12975:Sassarese 12939:Gallurese 12922:Romanesco 12875:Dalmatian 12839:Moldavian 12834:Maramureș 12792:Aromanian 12299:Slovenian 12149:Triestine 12086:languages 12072:Forlivese 12051:Bolognese 11897:Legnanese 11835:Intemelio 11780:Valdôtain 11723:Mentonasc 11699:Algherese 11655:Sardinian 11646:Sardinian 11632:Sassarese 11627:Gallurese 11615:languages 11581:Salentino 11553:Tarantino 11524:Cosentino 11481:Romanesco 11395:Sardinian 11254:ignored ( 11244:cite book 11224:799065043 10772:cite book 10644:24 August 10618:21 August 10351:24 August 10259:"Venetan" 10197:21 August 10141:cite book 9977:Bancoziro 9789:pistachio 9766:pantaloon 9664:μονοβασία 9637:Germanic 9378:artichaut 9372:alcachofa 9351:artichoke 9345:articioco 9265:Microsoft 9068:I am. ... 8509:ri~rg(i) 8293:ni~ng(i) 7395:ringilla 7051:ub-flare 6674:Examples 6658:Brunelli 6365:schiarire 6362:(Italian 5937:/ˈðovena/ 5929:/ˈzovena/ 5840:xylophone 5741:acronym ( 5621:to worry 5524:"sailor" 5501:lad, boy 5462:lad, boy 5434:lad, boy 5346:fischiare 5301:to press 5160:to shake 5101:squirrel 4988:strappare 4922:pissenlit 4907:tarassaco 4875:forchetta 4818:pantegàna 4633:morsicare 4575:too much 4465:bicchiere 4443:maglietta 4390:minigonna 4377:accoppare 4124:to throw 4096:lucertola 3939:habb-ajiz 3874:armenīnus 3859:albicocca 3826:to drink 3794:pharmacy 3525:Close-mid 3373:"hand"), 3078:el piande 3060:el pianxe 3049:(Italian 3037:(Italian 3026:el pianze 3002:(such as 2746:voiceless 2740:Fricative 2649:voiceless 2643:Affricate 2584:Post-alv. 2551:Phonology 2345:eser drìo 2047:You have 1926:Very few 1708:nizioléto 1680:Chipileño 1665:Brazilian 1497:substrate 1401:) or the 1278:chipileño 1265:Querétaro 1222:São Paulo 1214:Brazilian 1206:São Paulo 1198:Argentina 948:Triestino 913:Argentina 876:like the 866:Boccaccio 706:Glottolog 663:Australia 659:Argentina 504:Dalmatian 496:Chakavian 464:Triveneto 427:Glottolog 411:ISO 639-3 364:Querétaro 198:Triestine 14495:Venetian 14469:Vallader 14459:Surmiran 14432:Cadorino 14415:Friulian 14348:Limousin 14317:Béarnese 14279:Western 14261:Northern 14249:Menorcan 14239:Balearic 14230:Eastern 14226:dialects 14085:Castrapo 14042:Peruvian 14013:dialects 13946:European 13914:dialects 13901:Portugis 13882:Galician 13823:Asturian 13761:Savoyard 13713:Poitevin 13681:Cauchois 13655:Jèrriais 13502:Canadian 13381:Varesino 13376:Ticinese 13364:Novarese 13359:Cremunés 13349:Ossolano 13344:Milanese 13332:Lecchese 13300:Brianzöö 13231:Ligurian 13197:Romagnol 13078:Arianese 13073:Irpinian 13068:Cilentan 13032:Pantesco 13027:Sicilian 12998:Southern 12934:Corsican 12910:Macerata 12905:Fabriano 12844:Oltenian 12814:dialects 12774:Southern 12655:Croatian 12645:Albanian 12629:Venetian 12442:Cimbrian 12434:Bavarian 12360:Croatian 12267:Arbëresh 12250:Albanian 12191:Cadorino 12180:Friulian 12136:Venetian 12127:Venetian 12066:Romagnol 11994:Cremunés 11987:Novarese 11966:Varesino 11957:Ossolano 11950:Ticinese 11943:Milanese 11934:Lecchese 11817:Ligurian 11622:Corsican 11601:Pantesco 11595:Sicilian 11535:Arianese 11529:Irpinian 11519:Cilentan 11476:Marinese 11375:Germanic 11371:Friulian 11359:Croatian 11351:Albanian 11274:Archived 11228:Archived 11208:(1900). 11037:3 August 10520:(1928). 10460:(1856). 10345:Archived 10160:Venetian 10035:: 1–15. 9987:See also 9783:pistacio 9760:Pantałon 9698:marṭabān 9683:marzipan 9677:marzapan 9648:malvazìa 9574:łazareto 9539:κονδοῦρα 9301:English 8799:(y / ý) 8133:n' / 'n 7769:/j/~/dʒ/ 7616:ipse est 7510:dz~dh~z 6914:ts~th~s 6655:classic 6592:⟩ 6588:⟨ 6584:⟩ 6580:⟨ 6571:sperança 6389:schioppo 6377:schietto 6359:s-ciarir 6011:sperança 5951:/ˈdzɛro/ 5917:or even 5589:sentiero 5576:scloppum 5184:crollare 5165:scuotere 5126:skíouros 5121:σκίουρος 5084:"hop" + 5022:to break 4968:pomo/pón 4941:plao far 4689:perhaps 4665:moustaki 4660:μουστάκι 4607:to bite 4438:T-shirt 4362:uccidere 4357:to kill 4308:prendere 4251:cathedra 4136:trar via 4111:lacertus 4040:serpente 4006:anguilla 3924:arachidi 3919:peanuts 3881:to bore 3854:apricot 3819:apothḗkē 3799:farmacia 3750:Italian 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6794:, cc 6741:, bb 6727:b, v 6631:] 6627:[ 6623:] 6619:[ 6565:força 6559:çento 6520:] 6516:[ 6508:] 6504:[ 6431:scemo 6425:scèmo 6371:s-cèt 6330:/stʃ/ 6089:bassa 6008:, or 5991:dolçe 5855:Croxe 5849:raxon 5614:trutg 5609:trogo 5549:vacca 5491:putus 5367:flare 5244:strak 5238:from 5194:rail 5181:ex + 5081:salta 5078:from 5046:schèi 4976:pōmum 4882:pirón 4870:fork 4862:pinch 4823:from 4811:ratto 4798:notte 4758:mūsum 4752:mūsus 4737:asino 4677:gatto 4645:baffi 4521:insía 4509:exit 4497:grosi 4430:cotta 4369:copàr 4236:sedia 4221:catàr 4209:find 4069:peas 3958:becàr 3787:hodie 3685:JSTOR 3671:books 3502:Close 3485:Front 3445:] 3441:[ 3437:] 3433:[ 3402:] 3398:[ 3394:] 3390:[ 3320:] 3316:[ 3300:altar 3282:pieno 3250:penna 3244:palla 3238:fette 3209:scóła 3191:, or 3130:] 3126:[ 3090:] 3086:[ 3069:] 3065:[ 3047:] 3043:[ 3035:] 3031:[ 3017:] 3013:[ 2980:] 2976:[ 2972:] 2968:[ 2964:] 2960:[ 2956:] 2952:[ 2948:] 2944:[ 2911:thing 2898:, or 2884:] 2880:[ 2601:Nasal 2594:Velar 2261:èssar 2081:I 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Index

Venetic language
Italy
Slovenia
Croatia
Montenegro
Veneto
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Trentino
Istria County
Coastal–Karst
Language family
Indo-European
Italic
Latino-Faliscan
Latin
Romance
Italo-Western
Fiuman
Talian
Triestine
Chiplo
Italy
Veneto
Brazil
Talian dialect
Rio Grande do Sul
Santa Catarina
Paraná
Espírito Santo
Mexico

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