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In July 1998, original proceedings against
Kononov were commenced by the Latvian Principal Public Prosecutor's Office, whereby in August 1998 he was formally charged and ultimately indicted in December 1998. Kononov pleaded not guilty at the trial which began in January 1999. Ample evidence of guilt
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personnel, into the village and killed nine civilians, including three women, one in the late stages of pregnancy who was burned alive. A Latvian court declared the killing of the three women a war crime. The conviction was later overturned on the grounds that it was not clearly established whether
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On 25 April 2000, the
Criminal Affairs Division in Latvia overturned his conviction on the grounds that it was not clearly established whether Kononov was operating on occupied territory and whether he and his men could be considered combatants, as well as whether the villagers could be considered
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On 27 May 1944, a detachment of the Soviet First
Latvian Partisan Battalion led by Kononov staged a "counter operation" against the village of Mazie Bati. In this operation, nine villagers were accused of being the "German auxiliaries" (the Latvian armed resistance against the Soviet occupation of
129:
On 17 May 2001, Kononov was once again charged by the prosecutor's office following a new investigation. The deaths of six men were deemed justifiable, but the deaths of the three women were deemed an act of banditry, in violation of the law, but ultimately barred by statute of limitations. The
173:
In May 2010, the Grand
Chamber ruled, by 14 votes to 3, that the case presented no violation of Article 7 ECHR. Under the Hague Regulations of 1907, the court determined Kononov could be punished for failing to meet the regulation criteria, specifically, wearing German Wehrmacht uniforms while
79:
On 29 February 1944, Latvian villagers from Mazie Bati (in
Russian sources: Малые Баты (Malye Baty)) allowed 12 men from the Soviet reconnaissance-sabotage group to stay in their barns. The next day, at six in the morning, the Germans, who Kononov suspected the villagers of aiding, burned and
194:. Kononov accepted the offer, which entailed giving up his previously held Latvian citizenship. On the event of his 80th birthday in 2003, Kononov received personal greetings from the Russian President, delivered at a ceremony held in the Russian Embassy in Riga.
130:
prosecution appealed and on 30 April 2004, the decision of the lower court was overturned and
Kononov was found guilty of war crimes, and subsequently jailed. On 28 September 2004, the Supreme Court upheld the verdict of the court in dismissing Kononov's appeal.
264:
stated: "Vasily
Kononov selflessly fought the Nazi invaders throughout the years of the Great Patriotic War. He remained loyal to the common bonds forged in battle and defended the truth about the events of those years throughout his entire life."
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Kononov was operating on occupied territory and whether he and his men could be considered combatants, as well as whether the villagers could be considered prisoners of war. An appeal by the prosecutor to the
Supreme Court of Latvia was dismissed.
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carrying out the crimes. The court determined the execution of the villagers was in violation of established international law at the time, as
Kononov was only entitled to arrest them, and his conviction was not barred by statute of limitations.
65:
Kononov was convicted for his role in three deaths in Mazie Bati, a
Latvian village where local inhabitants had denounced alleged partisans who were then killed by German troops. A short time later Kononov led a unit, posing as German
249:, has questioned some of the First Latvian Partisan Battalion's wartime reports upon which the accusations against Kononov are based, alleging the description of the Mazie Bati operation was rife with factual errors and imprecisions.
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A press release published by the ECHR on 24 July 2008 revealed the Court's decision, establishing, by four votes to three, that the Kononov's case presented a violation of Article 7 (no retrospective punishment) of the
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uniforms so as not to arouse the suspicion of the villagers. Nine villagers were killed, including three women, one in the late stages of pregnancy who was burned alive. Buildings were burned as well.
237:, Latvia's counsel at the ECtHR trial, on the contrary, considers that the dissenting minority held Nuremberg judgment to be contrary to the Article 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights.
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Latvia sided with the German invaders in 1941) responsible for the prior incident. Kononov's men were sent to capture the villagers pursuant to an ad-hoc Military Tribunal verdict.
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prisoners of war based on their armament by the Germans. On 27 June 2000, the Supreme Court of Latvia dismissed the prosecutor's appeal, ultimately setting Kononov free.
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was referred to the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights. In May 2009, Lithuania has joined Latvia using its right to participate in the case.
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machine-gunned the barns. All 12 partisans, including the leader Major Chugunov, his wife Antonina and their 7-month-old son, were killed.
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1150:"Russian MFA Information and Press Department Commentary on ECHR Ruling in Favor of Vasiliy Kononov in WWII Veteran's Case vs. Latvia"
878:"Russian MFA Information and Press Department Commentary on ECHR Ruling in Favor of Vasiliy Kononov in WWII Veteran's Case vs. Latvia"
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At various times throughout the period of his prosecution for alleged war crimes, Kononov has received official support from the
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from World War II. Matyushkin stated "there are signs of attempts to revise the results of the Nuremberg processes."
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On 14 October 2008, the government of Latvia decided to appeal the 24 July judgment. On 9 February 2009, the case
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Kononov's defence team, along with Russia's representative to the ECHR, Deputy Justice Minister
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Kononov died in Latvia on 31 March 2011 at the age of 88. In a telegram to Kononov's family,
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186:. In April 2000, immediately before judgement was to be handed down in his appeal with the
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658:"Kononova advokāts: bijušais partizāns Eiropas Cilvēktiesību tiesā uzvarējis Latviju"
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984:(in Latvian). Vol. 2. Riga: LU žurnāla "Latvijas Vēsture" fonds. p. 355.
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in compensation for the two and a half years his client spent in a Latvian prison.
43:
35:
27:
1218:"Партизаны убивали мирных жителей? ("Partisans were killing peaceful civilians?")"
968:
Kononov War Crimes Judgment Issued by European Court of Human Rights Grand Chamber
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had overturned the Latvian court ruling. He also said that Kononov was seeking
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404:"Augstākās tiesas pārstāvji Strasbūrā gūst ieskatu cilvēktiesību aizsardzībā"
245:
Kononov's former superior officer, later academician and Soviet functionary,
1110:"European Court of Human Rights delivers judgment in Kononov v. Latvia case"
542:
1181:
1047:
Senate of the Supreme Court of Latvia, Criminal Case Section, Judgement in
630:Европейский суд по правам человека удовлетворил иск ветерана войны к Латвии
332:
47:
956:"Strasbourg court verdict to Soviet WWII veteran arouses regret in Russia"
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851:Василия Кононова ждут в российском посольстве на торжественную церемонию
600:Латвия расстанется с миллионами евро: И отдаст их российскому пенсионеру
197:
In the hearings of his case at the ECHR, Russia acted as a third party.
524:
Between Stalin and Hitler: Race War and Class War on the Dvina, 1940-46
456:"Amid V-Day Festivities, Soviet Partisan Braces For War Crimes Verdict"
303: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1014:"Condolences to family of Great Patriotic War veteran Vasily Kononov"
446:, European Court of Human Rights. 17 May 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
88:
67:
55:
499:Европейский суд принял жалобу латвийского партизана Василия Кононова
458:, Radio Free Europe. Claire Bigg. 7 May 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
278:
190:, he was offered citizenship of the Russian Federation by President
138:
On 19 June 2008, Kononov's lawyer Mikhail Ioffe, announced that the
823:
634:
373:
European Court of Human Rights cases on Occupation of Baltic States
229:, warned the ruling poses grave dangers to the legal legacy of the
117:
1949. He was found guilty and sentenced to six years imprisonment.
587:, Baltic Times. Oskars Magone. 17 May 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
849:
527:. London & New York: RoutledgeCruzon. pp. 140, 247–8.
413:, Augstākās Tiesa. 24 septembris 2007. Retrieved 19 March 2015.
1263:"Страсбург против Нюрнберга ("Strasbourg against Nuremberg")"
714:
391:
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was found by the court where Kononov was in violation of the
469:"Interview with Kononov's lawyer, Mikhail Ioffe, and others"
87:
Kononov and his men conducted the operation wearing German
1338:
European Court of Human Rights cases involving Lithuania
1279:"Суд, который нас обижает ("The Court that offends us")"
765:Литва получила статус "третьей стороны" по делу Кононова
42:; 1 January 1923 – 31 March 2011) was a
124:
1343:
European Court of Human Rights cases involving Russia
1333:
European Court of Human Rights cases involving Latvia
1154:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation
882:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation
58:. He is the only former Soviet partisan convicted of
1328:
Article 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights
1132:(Press release). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the
1112:(Press release). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the
99:
1393:
Russian people convicted of crimes against humanity
1358:
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
1240:"Latvian war crime case overturned on technicality"
1049:
Case No. 86000198 against V. Kononov for war crimes
738:"Cases Accepted for Referral to the Grand Chamber"
1299:
958:, ITAR-TASS. 17 May 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
819:Партизан Кононов отказался от гражданства Латвии
217:would also become involved in the Kononov case.
107:Charter of the International Military Tribunal
798:. European Court of Human Rights. 17 May 2010
220:
905:Кремлевская комиссия займется делом Кононова
585:"ECHR favors Latvia in final Kononov ruling"
335:awarded Kononov various honours, including:
1323:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
331:In recognition of his wartime service, the
978:V. Samsons to H. Strods 20 July 2005, in:
655:
1018:Presidential Press and Information Office
596:
319:Learn how and when to remove this message
1260:
1130:"Facts in the case "Kononovs v. Latvia""
710:"Pārsūdzēs ECT spriedumu Kononova lietā"
94:
1363:Recipients of the Order of the Red Star
502:(in Russian). News.ru. 21 December 2007
1388:Russian people convicted of war crimes
1300:
1226:(in Russian). Minsk. 28 September 2007
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946:. 17 May 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
684:"Chamber Judgment: Kononov v. Latvia"
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1090:"Chamber Hearing: Kononov v. Latvia"
597:Звегинцев, Валентин (27 June 2008).
301:adding citations to reliable sources
272:
158:in respect of non-pecuniary damage.
1261:Абаринов, Владимир (29 July 2008).
982:PSRS kaujinieki Latvijā (1941–1945)
718:(in Latvian). Riga. 14 October 2008
152:European Convention on Human Rights
125:Second investigation and conviction
13:
1198:Бубнов, Василий (3 October 2003).
656:Biķernieks, Aivis (26 June 2008).
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14:
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1383:Latvian people of Russian descent
1373:Prisoners and detainees of Latvia
1348:Recipients of the Medal of Zhukov
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355:Order of the Red Banner of Labour
209:, expressed hopes that President
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100:Original conviction and dismissal
1353:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
1318:People from Kārsava Municipality
792:"Grand Chamber judgment in case
475:(in Russian). 12 December 2007.
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559:Последний бой ветерана Кононова
556:Перов, Олег (11 January 2008).
368:Occupation of the Baltic states
288:needs additional citations for
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1072:, Grand Chamber, Judgment in
1060:, Third Section, Judgment in
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933:"Strasbourg sides with Nazis"
826:. 25 May 2000. Archived from
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1403:Deaths from cancer in Latvia
207:Federation Council of Russia
7:
444:"CASE OF KONONOV v. LATVIA"
361:
215:Historical Truth Commission
50:, who was convicted by the
10:
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348:Order of the Patriotic War
221:Impact on Nuremberg legacy
24:Vasiliy Makarovich Kononov
20:Vassili Makarovich Kononov
980:Strods, Heinrihs (2007).
914:(in Russian). 20 May 2009
268:
32:Василий Макарович Кононов
31:
1398:Soviet Latvian partisans
1201:Кто он, Василий Кононов?
1200:
1177:"Where Nazis are heroes"
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772:(in Russian). 6 May 2009
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521:Swain, Geoffrey (2004).
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1204:(in Russian). Правда.Ру
188:Supreme Court of Latvia
109:("IMT") Nuremberg, the
60:crimes against humanity
52:Supreme Court of Latvia
1368:Overturned convictions
1265:(in Russian). grani.ru
606:Moskovskij Komsomolets
154:. Kononov was awarded
115:Geneva Convention (IV)
39:
662:Neatkarīgā Rīta Avīze
566:(in Russian). echr.ru
473:Россия всегда с тобой
95:War crime prosecution
1223:Komsomolskaya Pravda
1051:(28 September 2004)
409:2 April 2015 at the
297:improve this article
184:Government of Russia
1096:. 20 September 2007
938:19 May 2010 at the
830:on 28 February 2008
178:Support from Russia
1378:Politics of Latvia
1134:Republic of Latvia
1114:Republic of Latvia
113:(IV) 1907 and the
1152:(Press release).
1092:(Press release).
1075:Kononov v. Latvia
1063:Kononov v. Latvia
991:978-9984-643-80-9
880:(Press release).
794:Kononov v. Latvia
744:. 2 February 2009
740:(Press release).
686:(Press release).
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259:Russian President
227:Georgi Matyushkin
163:Kononov v. Latvia
40:Vasilijs Kononovs
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