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Nakane, Takanori; Kotecha, Abhay; Sente, Andrija; McMullan, Greg; Masiulis, Simonas; Brown, Patricia M. G. E.; Grigoras, Ioana T.; Malinauskaite, Lina; Malinauskas, Tomas; Miehling, Jonas; Uchański, Tomasz; Yu, Lingbo; Karia, Dimple; Pechnikova, Evgeniya V.; de Jong, Erwin (2020-11-05).
344:. The physical optics approach used by Cowley and Moodie takes into account many hundreds of scattered beams, and represents a far-reaching extension of the dynamical theory for X-rays, first developed by P.P. Ewald". 132:
1936 - Peter Debye won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his contributions to our knowledge of molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and on the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in
354:
1992 - The International Union of Crystallography changed the IUCr’s definition of a crystal to “any solid having an essentially discrete diffraction pattern” thus formally recognizing quasicrystals.
3541: 2305:"Structure Model for the Phase AlmFe Derived from Three-Dimensional Electron Diffraction Intensity Data Collected by a Precession Technique. Comparison with Convergent-Beam Diffraction" 293:
in a metallic alloy. These structures have no unit cell and no periodic translational order but have long-range bond orientational order, which generates a defined diffraction pattern.
251:
won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry “for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid-protein complexes.”
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1972 - The first quantitative matching of atomic scale images and dynamical simulations was published by J. G. Allpress, E. A. Hewat, A. F. Moodie and J. V. Sanders.
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Goodman, P.; Lehmpfuhl, G. (1968). "Observation of the breakdown of Friedel's law in electron diffraction and symmetry determination from zero-layer interactions".
487:
2017 - Lukas Palatinus and co-workers used dynamical structure refinement to resolve hydrogen atom positions in nanocrystals using electron diffraction.
428:
2007 - Ute Kolb and co-workers developed automated diffraction tomography for electron crystallography by combining diffraction and tomography within a
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led a team including Sandra Van Aert, Kees Joost Batenburg et. al. determined the 3D atomic positions of a silver nanoparticle using electron tomography.
96:
and Alexander Reid. Alexander Reid, who was Thomson's graduate student, performed the first experiments, but he died soon after in a motorcycle accident.
1944:
Shechtman, D.; Blech, I.; Gratias, D.; Cahn, J. W. (1984). "Metallic Phase with Long-Range Orientational Order and No Translational Symmetry".
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Scott, M. C.; Chen, Chien-Chun; Mecklenburg, Matthew; Zhu, Chun; Xu, Rui; Ercius, Peter; Dahmen, Ulrich; Regan, B. C.; Miao, Jianwei (2012).
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Palatinus, L.; Brázda, P.; Boullay, P.; Perez, O.; Klementová, M.; Petit, S.; Eigner, V.; Zaarour, M.; Mintova, S. (2017-01-13).
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1985 - Kunio Takanayagi led a team which solved the structure of the 7x7 reconstruction of the silicon (111) surface using
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Mark, Herman; Wiel, Raymond (1930). "Die ermittlung von molekĂĽlstrukturen durch beugung von elektronen an einem dampfstrahl".
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Nogales, Eva; Wolf, Sharon G.; Downing, Kenneth H. (1998). "Structure of the αβ tubulin dimer by electron crystallography".
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Miao, Jianwei; Ercius, Peter; Billinge, Simon J. L. (2016). "Atomic electron tomography: 3D structures without crystals".
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Gjønnes, J.; Hansen, V.; Berg, B. S.; Runde, P.; Cheng, Y. F.; Gjønnes, K.; Dorset, D. L.; Gilmore, C. J. (1998-05-01).
3131: 3906: 3764: 3734: 3663: 2919: 2207: 1495:"Symmetry determination of the room-temperature form of LnNbO 4 (Ln = La,Nd) by convergent-beam electron diffraction" 473: 3941: 3616: 429: 415: 366: 255: 3889: 3812: 3686: 3285: 411: 362: 337: 212: 166:
shared the Nobel Prize in physics "for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals."
1161:"Über das primäre und sekundäre Bild im Elektronenmikroskop. II. Strukturuntersuchung mittels Elektronenbeugung" 866:
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character
314:
shared the Nobel Prize in Physics "for his fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first
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De Rosier, D. J.; Klug, A. (1968). "Reconstruction of Three Dimensional Structures from Electron Micrographs".
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Van Aert, Sandra; Batenburg, Kees J.; Rossell, Marta D.; Erni, Rolf; Van Tendeloo, Gustaaf (2011-02-02).
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences
1354:"Use of high-symmetry zone axes in electron diffraction in determining crystal point and space groups" 3787: 3716: 3174: 3164: 1305:
Buxton, B. F.; Eades, J. A.; Steeds, John Wickham; Rackham, G. M.; Frank, Frederick Charles (1976).
3929: 3653: 3549: 3422: 3385: 3300: 3179: 3159: 3027: 2168:"Double conical beam-rocking system for measurement of integrated electron diffraction intensities" 503: 400: 381: 111: 2950:"Crystallography from HaĂĽy to Laue: Controversies on the molecular and atomistic nature of solids" 174: 3777: 3621: 3566: 3315: 3280: 2366: 2335: 514: 159: 2167: 2028:"Structure analysis of Si(111)-7 Ă— 7 reconstructed surface by transmission electron diffraction" 1548: 104: 3531: 3473: 3290: 1232: 1160: 965: 2938: 1400: 1095:"Die Bestimmung der Lage der Wasserstoffionen im NH4Cl-Kristallgitter durch Elektronenbeugung" 3830: 3626: 3588: 3395: 3347: 2397: 230:
T4, a common virus, thus signalling a breakthrough in macromolecular structure determination.
2982: 2759: 2497: 2398:"Automated electron diffraction tomography – a new tool for nano crystal structure analysis" 1981:"Structural analysis of Si(111)-7×7 by UHV-transmission electron diffraction and microscopy" 1815: 1739: 1147: 181:(CBED), It was extended by Peter Goodman and Gunter Lehmpfuhl, then mainly by the groups of 3554: 3427: 3263: 3154: 2991: 2961: 2718: 2663: 2522: 2448: 2304: 2228: 2138: 1992: 1953: 1778: 1704: 1506: 1494: 1459: 1447: 1365: 1353: 1318: 1279: 1172: 1106: 1016: 873: 816: 749: 682: 633: 578: 436: 333: 304: 200:
published the first electron microscope images showing the lattice structure of a material.
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Takayanagi, Kunio; Tanishiro, Yasumasa; Takahashi, Shigeki; Takahashi, Masaetsu (1985).
1996: 1957: 1708: 1553:
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
1510: 1463: 1369: 1322: 1283: 1176: 1110: 1020: 877: 820: 753: 686: 637: 582: 3820: 3631: 3576: 3119: 2884: 2810:
Yip, Ka Man; Fischer, Niels; Paknia, Elham; Chari, Ashwin; Stark, Holger (2020-11-05).
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and David DeRosier used electron microscopy to visualise the structure of the tail of
3754: 3593: 3521: 3501: 3221: 3091: 2929: 2915: 2889: 2871: 2831: 2792: 2772: 2742: 2734: 2687: 2679: 2632: 2614: 2573: 2538: 2472: 2464: 2417: 2285: 2244: 2203: 2183: 2108: 2047: 2043: 2008: 1926: 1906: 1887: 1848: 1798: 1759: 1720: 1677: 1646: 1607: 1568: 1549:"The direct study by electron microscopy of crystal lattices and their imperfections" 1522: 1475: 1428: 1420: 1381: 1338: 1252: 1134: 1122: 1079: 1032: 985: 950: 938: 891: 834: 785: 767: 718: 700: 651: 594: 373: 301: 259: 216: 2851: 2811: 1534: 903: 103:
published the first non-relativistic explanation of electron diffraction based upon
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Nogales, Eva; Whittaker, Michael; Milligan, Ronald A.; Downing, Kenneth H. (1999).
2236: 2179: 2146: 2100: 2039: 2000: 1961: 1918: 1879: 1840: 1790: 1751: 1712: 1638: 1599: 1560: 1514: 1467: 1412: 1373: 1326: 1287: 1244: 1180: 1114: 1067: 1044: 1024: 977: 930: 881: 846: 824: 775: 757: 708: 690: 641: 606: 586: 491: 122: 74: 2075: 1755: 919:"Electron diffraction chez Thomson: early responses to quantum physics in Britain" 85:
waves. This was the start of electron and neutron diffraction and crystallography.
3681: 3676: 3641: 3461: 3360: 3295: 3258: 3253: 3104: 3050: 3001: 1779:"n -Beam lattice images. I. Experimental and computed images from W 4 Nb 26 O 77" 267: 142: 35: 2367:"Towards automated diffraction tomography. Part II—Cell parameter determination" 1965: 1883: 1844: 1829:"Direct Determination of the Au(110) Reconstructed Surface by X-Ray Diffraction" 3491: 3456: 3444: 3439: 3405: 3375: 3365: 3324: 3268: 3192: 3146: 2788: 2027: 322: 170: 2867: 2827: 2320: 2151: 2126: 1922: 1794: 1588:"Apparatus for Direct Observation of Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Patterns" 1518: 1471: 1377: 1291: 1094: 934: 407: 3636: 3449: 3248: 2875: 2835: 2796: 2738: 2683: 2618: 2468: 2421: 2112: 2051: 2012: 1930: 1891: 1852: 1802: 1763: 1681: 1650: 1611: 1572: 1526: 1479: 1424: 1385: 1256: 1248: 1184: 1126: 1071: 1036: 989: 981: 942: 895: 838: 771: 704: 655: 598: 510: 506:
for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution."
495: 443: 282: 278: 227: 204: 2730: 2675: 2652:"Hydrogen positions in single nanocrystals revealed by electron diffraction" 2591:
Shi, Dan; Nannenga, Brent L; Iadanza, Matthew G; Gonen, Tamir (2013-11-19).
2569: 2510: 1416: 3342: 3332: 3226: 3109: 2974: 2949: 2893: 2746: 2691: 2636: 2577: 2542: 2476: 2413: 2088: 1724: 1564: 1330: 886: 861: 789: 722: 646: 621: 454: 447: 358: 348: 290: 286: 234: 197: 17: 2289: 2248: 2197: 1432: 762: 695: 3825: 3496: 3370: 3197: 1985:
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films
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used electron diffraction to determine the structure of carbon nanotubes.
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could be used as micro-diffraction cameras with an aperture—the birth of
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2020 - Two independent groups led respectively by Holger Stark and
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1927 - Two groups demonstrated electron diffraction, the first the
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and Michiyoshi Tanaka who showed how to use CBED patterns to determine
125:
and Ilya D. Usyskin determined of the positions of hydrogen atoms in NH
100: 1980: 1642: 1603: 566: 340:
and the direct imaging of crystal structures and structure defects by
3099: 2593:"Three-dimensional electron crystallography of protein microcrystals" 2104: 2025: 2004: 1978: 1777:
Allpress, J. G.; Hewat, E. A.; Moodie, A. F.; Sanders, J. V. (1972).
1716: 829: 804: 590: 418:
to solve an intermetallic, combining this with dynamical refinements.
208: 2933: 1979:
Takayanagi, K.; Tanishiro, Y.; Takahashi, M.; Takahashi, S. (1985).
3696: 3466: 3214: 2336:"Towards automated diffraction tomography: Part I—Data acquisition" 1448:"Point-group determination by convergent-beam electron diffraction" 477: 82: 31: 3019: 2334:
Kolb, U.; Gorelik, T.; KĂĽbel, C.; Otten, M.T.; Hubert, D. (2007).
2240: 3706: 1060:
Zeitschrift fĂĽr Elektrochemie und angewandte physikalische Chemie
388: 1868:"Direct Imaging of Carbon-Covered and Clean Gold (110) Surfaces" 2437:"Three-dimensional atomic imaging of crystalline nanoparticles" 2309:
Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography
2261: 738:"Reflection and Refraction of Electrons by a Crystal of Nickel" 2812:"Atomic-resolution protein structure determination by cryo-EM" 2436: 1586:
Scheibner, E. J.; Germer, L. H.; Hartman, C. D. (1960-02-01).
3701: 2434: 446:
received the Nobel Prize in chemistry "for the discovery of
2649: 567:"The Scattering of Electrons by a Single Crystal of Nickel" 2848: 1776: 307:. This surface structure had defeated many prior attempts. 3803:
Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – New Crystal Structures
1943: 1307:"The symmetry of electron diffraction zone axis patterns" 862:"The diffraction of cathode rays by thin celluloid films" 254:
1983 - Effectively simultaneously Ian Robinson used
3798:
Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – Crystalline Materials
1905:
Binnig, G.; Rohrer, H.; Gerber, Ch.; Weibel, E. (1982).
1904: 1304: 546:(English translation by A.F. Kracklauer, 2004. ed.) 336:
and microscopy. They carried out pioneering work on the
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to solve the structure of the gold 2x1 (110) surface,
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combined three-dimensional electron diffraction with
2773:"Cryo-electron microscopy reaches atomic resolution" 2395: 1627:"Improved Low Energy Electron Diffraction Apparatus" 502:
shared the Nobel Prize in chemistry "for developing
219:, the start of quantitative surface crystallography. 1492: 2555: 2218: 1907:"Surface Studies by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy" 966:"Theorie der Beugung von Elektronen an Kristallen" 211:using a flat phosphor screen for the first modern 1737: 1230: 1092: 622:"Diffraction of Electrons by a Crystal of Nickel" 2511:"Electron tomography at 2.4-ĂĄngström resolution" 2396:Kolb, U.; Mugnaioli, E.; Gorelik, T. E. (2011). 2364: 1445: 1269: 1233:"Elektroneninterferenzen im konvergenten BĂĽndel" 671:"Reflection of Electrons by a Crystal of Nickel" 107:, which remains central to all further analysis. 742:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 675:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2852:"Single-particle cryo-EM at atomic resolution" 2165: 923:The British Journal for the History of Science 735: 668: 619: 564: 3035: 1738:Crewe, A. V.; Wall, J.; Langmore, J. (1970). 1694: 1624: 1351: 2707:"Electron diffraction and the hydrogen atom" 2127:"Report of the Executive Committee for 1991" 1625:Germer, L. H.; Hartman, C. D. (1960-07-01). 1493:Tanaka, M.; Saito, R.; Watanabe, D. (1980). 805:"Diffraction of Cathode Rays by a Thin Film" 3872: 2365:Kolb, U.; Gorelik, T.; Otten, M.T. (2008). 802: 3042: 3028: 3002:"A century of progress in crystallography" 2264:"High-Resolution Model of the Microtubule" 2089:"Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon" 1401:"Theory of zone axis electron diffraction" 1191: 1093:Laschkarew, W. E.; Usyskin, I. D. (1933). 237:demonstrated imaging of single atoms in a 2973: 2883: 2770: 2626: 2608: 2279: 2150: 1446:Tanaka, M.; Saito, R.; Sekii, H. (1983). 1005:"Neuere Ergebnisse der Elektronenbeugung" 1002: 885: 828: 779: 761: 712: 694: 645: 365:method for electron crystallography in a 325:and Alexander F. Moodie shared the first 239:scanning transmission electron microscopy 2999: 2947: 2704: 1826: 1405:Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 1057: 1298: 1204:was invoked but never defined (see the 1158: 916: 736:Davisson, C. J.; Germer, L. H. (1928). 669:Davisson, C. J.; Germer, L. H. (1928). 332:"for their outstanding achievements in 129:Cl crystals using electron diffraction, 14: 3145: 2086: 1663: 534: 528: 3023: 1865: 1003:Mark, Herman; Wierl, Raymond (1930). 963: 395:-binding site is first determined by 3936: 3276:Phase transformation crystallography 1398: 1231:Kossel, W.; Möllenstedt, G. (1939). 859: 620:Davisson, C.; Germer, L. H. (1927). 565:Davisson, C.; Germer, L. H. (1927). 179:convergent beam electron diffraction 79:Recherches sur la thĂ©orie des quanta 3783:Journal of Chemical Crystallography 3049: 2985:Historical atlas of crystallography 2912:Early days of x-ray crystallography 2760:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017" 2498:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011" 2199:Structural electron crystallography 2166:Vincent, R.; Midgley, P.A. (1994). 1816:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1982" 1666:"The Structure of Crystal Surfaces" 1352:Steeds, J. W.; Vincent, R. (1983). 1196: 1148:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936" 378:Structural Electron Crystallography 342:high-resolution electron microscopy 27: 2983:Lima-de-Faria, JosĂ© (ed.) (1990), 2928:, University of California Press. 2926:Origins of the science of crystals 2904: 1439: 1358:Journal of Applied Crystallography 1345: 1263: 662: 613: 558: 513:demonstrated that single-particle 153:selected area electron diffraction 28: 3963: 2771:Herzik Jr, Mark A. (2020-11-05). 2705:McCusker, Lynne B. (2017-01-13). 2065:"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1986" 1220:"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1937" 803:Thomson, G. P.; Reid, A. (1927). 729: 474:microcrystal electron diffraction 338:dynamical scattering of electrons 61:One or two on electrons as waves? 3935: 3924: 3923: 3530: 2954:Zeitschrift fĂĽr Kristallographie 2131:Acta Crystallographica Section A 1783:Acta Crystallographica Section A 1631:Review of Scientific Instruments 1592:Review of Scientific Instruments 1499:Acta Crystallographica Section A 1452:Acta Crystallographica Section A 1272:Acta Crystallographica Section A 472:and his co-workers demonstrated 463:Atomic Electron Tomography (AET) 430:transmission electron microscope 367:transmission electron microscope 256:surface X-ray Diffraction (SXRD) 2842: 2803: 2764: 2753: 2698: 2643: 2584: 2549: 2502: 2491: 2428: 2402:Crystal Research and Technology 2389: 2358: 2327: 2296: 2255: 2212: 2190: 2159: 2119: 2080: 2069: 2058: 2019: 1972: 1937: 1898: 1859: 1820: 1809: 1770: 1731: 1688: 1657: 1618: 1579: 1541: 1486: 1392: 1224: 1213: 1152: 1141: 1086: 1051: 996: 457:and his co-workers applied the 422: 412:precession electron diffraction 363:precession electron diffraction 213:low-energy electron diffraction 65: 55: 46: 41: 3725:Bilbao Crystallographic Server 2383:10.1016/j.ultramic.2007.12.002 2352:10.1016/j.ultramic.2006.10.007 957: 910: 853: 796: 544:Foundation of Louis de Broglie 517:has reached atomic resolution. 357:1994 - Roger Vincent and 13: 1: 2993:Milestones in crystallography 2941:50 Years of x-ray diffraction 2281:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80961-7 1756:10.1126/science.168.3937.1338 521: 387:1998 - The structure of 272:scanning tunneling microscope 262:used electron microscopy and 2184:10.1016/0304-3991(94)90039-6 2044:10.1016/0039-6028(85)90753-8 1740:"Visibility of Single Atoms" 482:Janelia Farm Research Campus 459:coherent diffraction imaging 177:published the first work on 7: 3773:Crystal Growth & Design 3065:Timeline of crystallography 2939:Ewald, P. P. (ed.) (1962), 2202:, Plenum, New York, 452pp. 1966:10.1103/PhysRevLett.53.1951 1884:10.1103/PhysRevLett.51.1000 1866:Marks, L. D. (1983-09-12). 1845:10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.1145 406:1998 - A group led by 281:also involving Ilan Blech, 10: 3968: 3584:Nuclear magnetic resonance 2789:10.1038/d41586-020-02924-y 1664:Germer, Lester H. (1965). 535:de Broglie, Louis Victor. 277:1984 - A team led by 90:Davisson–Germer experiment 3919: 3839: 3811: 3788:Journal of Crystal Growth 3763: 3715: 3662: 3609: 3540: 3528: 3323: 3314: 3237: 3090: 3057: 3009:The American Mineralogist 2868:10.1038/s41586-020-2829-0 2828:10.1038/s41586-020-2833-4 2321:10.1107/S0108767397017030 2152:10.1107/S0108767392008328 1923:10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.57 1795:10.1107/S0567739472001433 1519:10.1107/S0567739480000800 1472:10.1107/S010876738300080X 1378:10.1107/S002188988301050X 1292:10.1107/S0567739468000677 935:10.1017/S0007087410000026 537:"On the Theory of Quanta" 81:introduced his theory of 3654:Single particle analysis 3512:Hermann–Mauguin notation 3000:Whitlock, H. P. (1934). 1827:Robinson, I. K. (1983). 1249:10.1002/andp.19394280204 1185:10.1002/andp.19364190107 1072:10.1002/bbpc.19300360921 982:10.1002/andp.19283921704 860:Reid, Alexander (1928). 504:cryo-electron microscopy 401:electron crystallography 391:and the location of the 382:electron crystallography 112:Gas electron diffraction 3778:Crystallography Reviews 3622:Isomorphous replacement 3416:Lomer–Cottrell junction 2948:Kubbinga, Henk (2012). 2924:Burke, John G. (1966), 2910:Authier, AndrĂ© (2013), 2731:10.1126/science.aal4570 2676:10.1126/science.aak9652 2570:10.1126/science.aaf2157 1946:Physical Review Letters 1911:Physical Review Letters 1872:Physical Review Letters 1833:Physical Review Letters 1559:(1204): 119–135. 1956. 1417:10.1002/jemt.1060130202 1009:Die Naturwissenschaften 917:Navarro, Jaume (2010). 515:cryoelectron microscopy 160:Clinton Joseph Davisson 3291:Spinodal decomposition 2988:, Springer Netherlands 2975:10.1524/zkri.2012.1459 2914:, Oxford Univ. Press. 2414:10.1002/crat.201100036 2087:Iijima, Sumio (1991). 1565:10.1098/rspa.1956.0117 1331:10.1098/rsta.1976.0024 1099:Zeitschrift fĂĽr Physik 887:10.1098/rspa.1928.0121 647:10.1103/physrev.30.705 105:Schrödinger's equation 3831:Gregori Aminoff Prize 3627:Molecular replacement 2996:, Nature, August 2014 2196:Dorset, D.L. (1995). 763:10.1073/pnas.14.8.619 696:10.1073/pnas.14.4.317 480:microcrystals at the 215:camera combined with 207:and his coworkers at 175:Gottfried Möllenstedt 38:involving electrons. 3137:Structure prediction 2137:(6): 922–946. 1992. 1399:Bird, D. M. (1989). 1200:The named reference 1159:Boersch, H. (1936). 437:Gustaaf Van Tendeloo 334:electron diffraction 305:electron diffraction 164:George Paget Thomson 94:George Paget Thomson 3401:Cottrell atmosphere 3381:Partial dislocation 3125:Restriction theorem 2966:2012ZK....227....1K 2723:2017Sci...355..136M 2668:2017Sci...355..166P 2610:10.7554/eLife.01345 2535:10.1038/nature10934 2527:2012Natur.483..444S 2461:10.1038/nature09741 2453:2011Natur.470..374V 2233:1998Natur.391..199N 2143:1992AcCrA..48..922. 2076:"First Ewald Prize" 1997:1985JVSTA...3.1502T 1958:1984PhRvL..53.1951S 1750:(3937): 1338–1340. 1709:1968Natur.217..130D 1670:Scientific American 1511:1980AcCrA..36..350T 1464:1983AcCrA..39..357T 1370:1983JApCr..16..317S 1323:1976RSPTA.281..171B 1284:1968AcCrA..24..339G 1177:1936AnP...419...75B 1111:1933ZPhy...85..618L 1021:1930NW.....18..778M 878:1928RSPSA.119..663R 821:1927Natur.119Q.890T 754:1928PNAS...14..619D 687:1928PNAS...14..317D 638:1927PhRv...30..705D 583:1927Natur.119..558D 399:and her team using 316:electron microscope 149:electron microscope 123:Vadim E. Lashkaryov 3821:Carl Hermann Medal 3632:Molecular dynamics 3479:Defects in diamond 3474:Stone–Wales defect 3120:Reciprocal lattice 3082:Biocrystallography 1237:Annalen der Physik 1165:Annalen der Physik 1119:10.1007/BF01331003 1029:10.1007/bf01497860 970:Annalen der Physik 964:Bethe, H. (1928). 380:, a major text on 298:Patterson function 118:and Raymond Wierl, 77:in his PhD thesis 3951: 3950: 3915: 3914: 3522:Thermal ellipsoid 3487: 3486: 3396:Frank–Read source 3356: 3355: 3222:Aperiodic crystal 3188: 3187: 3070:Crystallographers 2862:(7832): 152–156. 2822:(7832): 157–161. 2662:(6321): 166–169. 2521:(7390): 444–447. 2447:(7334): 374–377. 2227:(6663): 199–203. 1952:(20): 1951–1953. 1878:(11): 1000–1002. 1839:(15): 1145–1148. 1703:(5124): 130–134. 1643:10.1063/1.1717051 1604:10.1063/1.1716903 1317:(1301): 171–194. 1105:(9–10): 618–630. 577:(2998): 558–560. 500:Richard Henderson 374:Douglas L. Dorset 302:ultra-high vacuum 260:Laurence D. Marks 217:ultra-high vacuum 114:was developed by 3959: 3939: 3938: 3927: 3926: 3870: 3869: 3793:Kristallografija 3647:Gerchberg–Saxton 3542:Characterisation 3534: 3517:Structure factor 3321: 3320: 3306:Ostwald ripening 3143: 3142: 3088: 3087: 3044: 3037: 3030: 3021: 3020: 3016: 3006: 2979: 2977: 2943:, IUCR, Oosthoek 2898: 2897: 2887: 2846: 2840: 2839: 2807: 2801: 2800: 2768: 2762: 2757: 2751: 2750: 2702: 2696: 2695: 2647: 2641: 2640: 2630: 2612: 2588: 2582: 2581: 2553: 2547: 2546: 2506: 2500: 2495: 2489: 2488: 2432: 2426: 2425: 2393: 2387: 2386: 2362: 2356: 2355: 2346:(6–7): 507–513. 2331: 2325: 2324: 2300: 2294: 2293: 2283: 2259: 2253: 2252: 2216: 2210: 2194: 2188: 2187: 2163: 2157: 2156: 2154: 2123: 2117: 2116: 2105:10.1038/354056a0 2084: 2078: 2073: 2067: 2062: 2056: 2055: 2038:(2–3): 367–392. 2023: 2017: 2016: 2005:10.1116/1.573160 1991:(3): 1502–1506. 1976: 1970: 1969: 1941: 1935: 1934: 1902: 1896: 1895: 1863: 1857: 1856: 1824: 1818: 1813: 1807: 1806: 1774: 1768: 1767: 1735: 1729: 1728: 1717:10.1038/217130a0 1692: 1686: 1685: 1661: 1655: 1654: 1622: 1616: 1615: 1583: 1577: 1576: 1545: 1539: 1538: 1490: 1484: 1483: 1443: 1437: 1436: 1396: 1390: 1389: 1349: 1343: 1342: 1302: 1296: 1295: 1267: 1261: 1260: 1228: 1222: 1217: 1211: 1210: 1209: 1203: 1195: 1189: 1188: 1156: 1150: 1145: 1139: 1138: 1090: 1084: 1083: 1055: 1049: 1048: 1000: 994: 993: 961: 955: 954: 914: 908: 907: 889: 872:(783): 663–667. 857: 851: 850: 832: 830:10.1038/119890a0 800: 794: 793: 783: 765: 733: 727: 726: 716: 698: 666: 660: 659: 649: 617: 611: 610: 591:10.1038/119558a0 562: 556: 555: 553: 551: 541: 532: 492:Jacques Dubochet 461:(CDI) method in 146: 92:,, the other by 75:Louis de Broglie 3967: 3966: 3962: 3961: 3960: 3958: 3957: 3956: 3954: 3952: 3947: 3911: 3868: 3835: 3807: 3759: 3711: 3682:CrystalExplorer 3658: 3642:Phase retrieval 3605: 3536: 3535: 3526: 3483: 3462:Schottky defect 3361:Perfect crystal 3352: 3348:Abnormal growth 3310: 3296:Supersaturation 3259:Miscibility gap 3240: 3233: 3184: 3141: 3105:Bravais lattice 3086: 3053: 3051:Crystallography 3048: 3004: 2907: 2905:Further reading 2902: 2901: 2847: 2843: 2808: 2804: 2783:(7832): 39–40. 2769: 2765: 2758: 2754: 2703: 2699: 2648: 2644: 2589: 2585: 2554: 2550: 2507: 2503: 2496: 2492: 2433: 2429: 2394: 2390: 2371:Ultramicroscopy 2363: 2359: 2340:Ultramicroscopy 2332: 2328: 2301: 2297: 2260: 2256: 2217: 2213: 2195: 2191: 2172:Ultramicroscopy 2164: 2160: 2125: 2124: 2120: 2099:(6348): 56–58. 2085: 2081: 2074: 2070: 2063: 2059: 2032:Surface Science 2024: 2020: 1977: 1973: 1942: 1938: 1903: 1899: 1864: 1860: 1825: 1821: 1814: 1810: 1775: 1771: 1736: 1732: 1693: 1689: 1662: 1658: 1623: 1619: 1584: 1580: 1547: 1546: 1542: 1491: 1487: 1444: 1440: 1397: 1393: 1350: 1346: 1303: 1299: 1268: 1264: 1229: 1225: 1218: 1214: 1201: 1199: 1197: 1192: 1157: 1153: 1146: 1142: 1091: 1087: 1056: 1052: 1015:(36): 778–786. 1001: 997: 962: 958: 915: 911: 858: 854: 801: 797: 734: 730: 667: 663: 626:Physical Review 618: 614: 563: 559: 549: 547: 539: 533: 529: 524: 425: 268:Heinrich Rohrer 140: 128: 68: 58: 49: 44: 36:crystallography 26: 25: 24: 12: 11: 5: 3965: 3949: 3948: 3946: 3945: 3933: 3920: 3917: 3916: 3913: 3912: 3910: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3898: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3876: 3874: 3867: 3866: 3861: 3856: 3851: 3845: 3843: 3837: 3836: 3834: 3833: 3828: 3823: 3817: 3815: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3805: 3800: 3795: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3769: 3767: 3761: 3760: 3758: 3757: 3752: 3747: 3742: 3737: 3732: 3727: 3721: 3719: 3713: 3712: 3710: 3709: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3679: 3674: 3668: 3666: 3660: 3659: 3657: 3656: 3651: 3650: 3649: 3639: 3634: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3617:Direct methods 3613: 3611: 3607: 3606: 3604: 3603: 3602: 3601: 3596: 3586: 3581: 3580: 3579: 3574: 3564: 3563: 3562: 3557: 3546: 3544: 3538: 3537: 3529: 3527: 3525: 3524: 3519: 3514: 3509: 3504: 3502:Ewald's sphere 3499: 3494: 3488: 3485: 3484: 3482: 3481: 3476: 3471: 3470: 3469: 3464: 3454: 3453: 3452: 3447: 3445:Frenkel defect 3442: 3440:Bjerrum defect 3432: 3431: 3430: 3420: 3419: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3406:Peierls stress 3403: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3378: 3376:Burgers vector 3368: 3366:Stacking fault 3363: 3357: 3354: 3353: 3351: 3350: 3345: 3340: 3335: 3329: 3327: 3325:Grain boundary 3318: 3312: 3311: 3309: 3308: 3303: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3283: 3278: 3273: 3272: 3271: 3269:Liquid crystal 3266: 3261: 3256: 3245: 3243: 3235: 3234: 3232: 3231: 3230: 3229: 3219: 3218: 3217: 3207: 3206: 3205: 3200: 3189: 3186: 3185: 3183: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3162: 3157: 3151: 3149: 3140: 3139: 3134: 3132:Periodic table 3129: 3128: 3127: 3122: 3117: 3112: 3107: 3096: 3094: 3085: 3084: 3079: 3074: 3073: 3072: 3061: 3059: 3055: 3054: 3047: 3046: 3039: 3032: 3024: 3018: 3017: 2997: 2989: 2980: 2945: 2936: 2922: 2906: 2903: 2900: 2899: 2841: 2802: 2763: 2752: 2697: 2642: 2583: 2548: 2501: 2490: 2427: 2408:(6): 542–554. 2388: 2377:(8): 763–772. 2357: 2326: 2315:(3): 306–319. 2295: 2254: 2211: 2189: 2178:(3): 271–282. 2158: 2118: 2079: 2068: 2057: 2018: 1971: 1936: 1897: 1858: 1819: 1808: 1789:(6): 528–536. 1769: 1730: 1687: 1656: 1637:(7): 784–784. 1617: 1598:(2): 112–114. 1578: 1540: 1505:(3): 350–352. 1485: 1458:(3): 357–368. 1438: 1391: 1364:(3): 317–324. 1344: 1297: 1278:(3): 339–347. 1262: 1243:(2): 113–140. 1223: 1212: 1190: 1151: 1140: 1085: 1066:(9): 675–676. 1050: 995: 976:(17): 55–129. 956: 929:(2): 245–275. 909: 852: 795: 748:(8): 619–627. 728: 681:(4): 317–322. 661: 632:(6): 705–740. 612: 557: 526: 525: 523: 520: 519: 518: 507: 488: 485: 476:(microED) for 466: 451: 440: 433: 424: 421: 420: 419: 416:direct methods 404: 385: 370: 355: 352: 345: 323:John M. Cowley 319: 308: 294: 275: 252: 245: 242: 231: 220: 201: 194: 171:Walther Kossel 167: 156: 134: 130: 126: 119: 108: 97: 86: 71: 67: 64: 63: 62: 57: 54: 53: 52: 48: 45: 43: 40: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3964: 3955: 3944: 3943: 3934: 3932: 3931: 3922: 3921: 3918: 3908: 3905: 3903: 3900: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3882: 3881: 3878: 3877: 3875: 3871: 3865: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3850: 3847: 3846: 3844: 3842: 3838: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3818: 3816: 3814: 3810: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3770: 3768: 3766: 3762: 3756: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3746: 3743: 3741: 3738: 3736: 3733: 3731: 3728: 3726: 3723: 3722: 3720: 3718: 3714: 3708: 3705: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3693: 3690: 3688: 3685: 3683: 3680: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3669: 3667: 3665: 3661: 3655: 3652: 3648: 3645: 3644: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3637:Patterson map 3635: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3615: 3614: 3612: 3608: 3600: 3597: 3595: 3592: 3591: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3569: 3568: 3565: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3552: 3551: 3548: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3539: 3533: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3507:Friedel's law 3505: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3489: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3459: 3458: 3455: 3451: 3450:Wigner effect 3448: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3437: 3436: 3435:Interstitials 3433: 3429: 3426: 3425: 3424: 3421: 3417: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3404: 3402: 3399: 3397: 3394: 3392: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3373: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3358: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3322: 3319: 3317: 3313: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3287: 3284: 3282: 3281:Precipitation 3279: 3277: 3274: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3251: 3250: 3249:Phase diagram 3247: 3246: 3244: 3242: 3236: 3228: 3225: 3224: 3223: 3220: 3216: 3213: 3212: 3211: 3208: 3204: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3195: 3194: 3191: 3190: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3152: 3150: 3148: 3144: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3111: 3108: 3106: 3103: 3102: 3101: 3098: 3097: 3095: 3093: 3089: 3083: 3080: 3078: 3075: 3071: 3068: 3067: 3066: 3063: 3062: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3045: 3040: 3038: 3033: 3031: 3026: 3025: 3022: 3014: 3010: 3003: 2998: 2995: 2994: 2990: 2987: 2986: 2981: 2976: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2937: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2921: 2920:9780198754053 2917: 2913: 2909: 2908: 2895: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2845: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2806: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2767: 2761: 2756: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2717:(6321): 136. 2716: 2712: 2708: 2701: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2646: 2638: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2587: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2552: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2505: 2499: 2494: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2431: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2392: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2361: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2330: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2299: 2291: 2287: 2282: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2258: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2241:10.1038/34465 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2215: 2209: 2208:9781475766219 2205: 2201: 2200: 2193: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2162: 2153: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2122: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2083: 2077: 2072: 2066: 2061: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2022: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1975: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1940: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1901: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1862: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1823: 1817: 1812: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1773: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1734: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1691: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1660: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1621: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1582: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1544: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1489: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1442: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1395: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1348: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1301: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1266: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1227: 1221: 1216: 1207: 1194: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1167:(in German). 1166: 1162: 1155: 1149: 1144: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1101:(in German). 1100: 1096: 1089: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1054: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 999: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 960: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 913: 905: 901: 897: 893: 888: 883: 879: 875: 871: 867: 863: 856: 848: 844: 840: 836: 831: 826: 822: 818: 815:(3007): 890. 814: 810: 806: 799: 791: 787: 782: 777: 773: 769: 764: 759: 755: 751: 747: 743: 739: 732: 724: 720: 715: 710: 706: 702: 697: 692: 688: 684: 680: 676: 672: 665: 657: 653: 648: 643: 639: 635: 631: 627: 623: 616: 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 561: 545: 538: 531: 527: 516: 512: 511:Sjors Scheres 508: 505: 501: 497: 496:Joachim Frank 493: 489: 486: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 464: 460: 456: 452: 449: 448:quasicrystals 445: 444:Dan Shechtman 441: 438: 434: 431: 427: 426: 417: 413: 409: 405: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 383: 379: 375: 371: 368: 364: 361:invented the 360: 356: 353: 350: 346: 343: 339: 335: 331: 328: 324: 320: 317: 313: 309: 306: 303: 300:methods with 299: 295: 292: 291:quasicrystals 288: 284: 283:Denis Gratias 280: 279:Dan Shechtman 276: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 253: 250: 246: 243: 240: 236: 232: 229: 228:bacteriophage 225: 221: 218: 214: 210: 206: 205:Lester Germer 202: 199: 195: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 165: 161: 157: 154: 150: 144: 139: 135: 131: 124: 120: 117: 113: 109: 106: 102: 98: 95: 91: 87: 84: 80: 76: 72: 70: 69: 60: 59: 51: 50: 39: 37: 33: 23: 19: 3953: 3940: 3928: 3873:Associations 3841:Organisation 3333:Disclination 3264:Polymorphism 3227:Quasicrystal 3170:Orthorhombic 3110:Miller index 3058:Key concepts 3012: 3008: 2992: 2984: 2957: 2953: 2940: 2925: 2911: 2859: 2855: 2844: 2819: 2815: 2805: 2780: 2776: 2766: 2755: 2714: 2710: 2700: 2659: 2655: 2645: 2600: 2596: 2586: 2561: 2557: 2551: 2518: 2514: 2504: 2493: 2444: 2440: 2430: 2405: 2401: 2391: 2374: 2370: 2360: 2343: 2339: 2329: 2312: 2308: 2298: 2274:(1): 79–88. 2271: 2267: 2257: 2224: 2220: 2214: 2198: 2192: 2175: 2171: 2161: 2134: 2130: 2121: 2096: 2092: 2082: 2071: 2060: 2035: 2031: 2021: 1988: 1984: 1974: 1949: 1945: 1939: 1917:(1): 57–61. 1914: 1910: 1900: 1875: 1871: 1861: 1836: 1832: 1822: 1811: 1786: 1782: 1772: 1747: 1743: 1733: 1700: 1696: 1690: 1676:(3): 32–41. 1673: 1669: 1659: 1634: 1630: 1620: 1595: 1591: 1581: 1556: 1552: 1543: 1502: 1498: 1488: 1455: 1451: 1441: 1411:(2): 77–97. 1408: 1404: 1394: 1361: 1357: 1347: 1314: 1310: 1300: 1275: 1271: 1265: 1240: 1236: 1226: 1215: 1198:Cite error: 1193: 1171:(1): 75–80. 1168: 1164: 1154: 1143: 1102: 1098: 1088: 1063: 1059: 1053: 1012: 1008: 998: 973: 969: 959: 926: 922: 912: 869: 865: 855: 812: 808: 798: 745: 741: 731: 678: 674: 664: 629: 625: 615: 574: 570: 560: 548:. Retrieved 543: 530: 490:2017 - 468:2013 - 455:Jianwei Miao 453:2012 - 442:2011 - 435:2011 - 423:21st Century 377: 372:1995 - 359:Paul Midgley 349:Sumio Iijima 347:1991 - 321:1987 - 310:1986 - 287:John W. Cahn 247:1982 - 235:Albert Crewe 222:1968 - 203:1960 - 198:James Menter 196:1956 - 191:space groups 187:point groups 169:1939 - 158:1937 - 147:showed that 138:Hans Boersch 136:1936 - 121:1932 - 110:1930 - 99:1928 - 78: 73:1924 - 66:20th Century 56:19th Century 47:18th Century 42:17th Century 29: 18:User:Ldm1954 3826:Ewald Prize 3594:Diffraction 3572:Diffraction 3555:Diffraction 3497:Bragg plane 3492:Bragg's law 3371:Dislocation 3286:Segregation 3198:Crystallite 3115:Point group 2960:(1): 1–26. 550:25 February 470:Tamir Gonen 408:Jon Gjønnes 397:Eva Nogales 330:Ewald Prize 312:Ernst Ruska 289:discovered 264:Gerd Binnig 233:1970 - 183:John Steeds 141: [ 116:Herman Mark 3610:Algorithms 3599:Scattering 3577:Scattering 3560:Scattering 3428:Slip bands 3391:Cross slip 3241:transition 3175:Tetragonal 3165:Monoclinic 3077:Metallurgy 2603:: e01345. 1202:HirschEtAl 522:References 376:published 249:Aaron Klug 224:Aaron Klug 101:Hans Bethe 30:This is a 3717:Databases 3180:Triclinic 3160:Hexagonal 3100:Unit cell 3092:Structure 3015:: 93–100. 2934:66--13584 2876:0028-0836 2836:0028-0836 2797:0028-0836 2739:0036-8075 2684:0036-8075 2619:2050-084X 2469:0028-0836 2422:0232-1300 2113:0028-0836 2052:0039-6028 2013:0734-2101 1931:0031-9007 1892:0031-9007 1853:0031-9007 1803:0567-7394 1764:0036-8075 1682:0036-8733 1651:0034-6748 1612:0034-6748 1573:0080-4630 1527:0567-7394 1480:0108-7673 1425:0741-0581 1386:0021-8898 1339:122890943 1257:0003-3804 1206:help page 1135:123199621 1127:1434-6001 1080:178706417 1037:0028-1042 990:0003-3804 951:171025814 943:0007-0874 896:0950-1207 839:0028-0836 772:0027-8424 705:0027-8424 656:0031-899X 599:0028-0836 209:Bell Labs 3930:Category 3765:Journals 3697:OctaDist 3692:JANA2020 3664:Software 3550:Electron 3467:F-center 3254:Eutectic 3215:Fiveling 3210:Twinning 3203:Equiaxed 2894:33087931 2747:28082549 2692:28082587 2637:24252878 2578:27708010 2564:(6306). 2543:22437612 2477:21289625 1725:23610788 1535:98184340 904:98311959 790:16587378 723:16587341 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Index

User:Ldm1954
Sandbox
timeline
crystallography
Louis de Broglie
electron
Davisson–Germer experiment
George Paget Thomson
Hans Bethe
Schrödinger's equation
Gas electron diffraction
Herman Mark
Vadim E. Lashkaryov
Hans Boersch
de
electron microscope
selected area electron diffraction
Clinton Joseph Davisson
George Paget Thomson
Walther Kossel
Gottfried Möllenstedt
convergent beam electron diffraction
John Steeds
point groups
space groups
James Menter
Lester Germer
Bell Labs
low-energy electron diffraction
ultra-high vacuum

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