3532:
3925:
3937:
2849:
Nakane, Takanori; Kotecha, Abhay; Sente, Andrija; McMullan, Greg; Masiulis, Simonas; Brown, Patricia M. G. E.; Grigoras, Ioana T.; Malinauskaite, Lina; Malinauskas, Tomas; Miehling, Jonas; Uchański, Tomasz; Yu, Lingbo; Karia, Dimple; Pechnikova, Evgeniya V.; de Jong, Erwin (2020-11-05).
344:. The physical optics approach used by Cowley and Moodie takes into account many hundreds of scattered beams, and represents a far-reaching extension of the dynamical theory for X-rays, first developed by P.P. Ewald".
132:
1936 - Peter Debye won the Nobel Prize in
Chemistry "for his contributions to our knowledge of molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and on the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in
354:
1992 - The
International Union of Crystallography changed the IUCr’s definition of a crystal to “any solid having an essentially discrete diffraction pattern” thus formally recognizing quasicrystals.
3541:
2305:"Structure Model for the Phase AlmFe Derived from Three-Dimensional Electron Diffraction Intensity Data Collected by a Precession Technique. Comparison with Convergent-Beam Diffraction"
293:
in a metallic alloy. These structures have no unit cell and no periodic translational order but have long-range bond orientational order, which generates a defined diffraction pattern.
251:
won the Nobel Prize in
Chemistry “for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid-protein complexes.”
3802:
3797:
244:
1972 - The first quantitative matching of atomic scale images and dynamical simulations was published by J. G. Allpress, E. A. Hewat, A. F. Moodie and J. V. Sanders.
3337:
3853:
1270:
Goodman, P.; Lehmpfuhl, G. (1968). "Observation of the breakdown of
Friedel's law in electron diffraction and symmetry determination from zero-layer interactions".
487:
2017 - Lukas
Palatinus and co-workers used dynamical structure refinement to resolve hydrogen atom positions in nanocrystals using electron diffraction.
428:
2007 - Ute Kolb and co-workers developed automated diffraction tomography for electron crystallography by combining diffraction and tomography within a
3081:
439:
led a team including Sandra Van Aert, Kees Joost
Batenburg et. al. determined the 3D atomic positions of a silver nanoparticle using electron tomography.
96:
and
Alexander Reid. Alexander Reid, who was Thomson's graduate student, performed the first experiments, but he died soon after in a motorcycle accident.
1944:
Shechtman, D.; Blech, I.; Gratias, D.; Cahn, J. W. (1984). "Metallic Phase with Long-Range
Orientational Order and No Translational Symmetry".
1205:
137:
2509:
Scott, M. C.; Chen, Chien-Chun; Mecklenburg, Matthew; Zhu, Chun; Xu, Rui; Ercius, Peter; Dahmen, Ulrich; Regan, B. C.; Miao, Jianwei (2012).
152:
3671:
3858:
3583:
1626:
3749:
3041:
238:
1587:
2650:
Palatinus, L.; Brázda, P.; Boullay, P.; Perez, O.; Klementová, M.; Petit, S.; Eigner, V.; Zaarour, M.; Mintova, S. (2017-01-13).
296:
1985 - Kunio
Takanayagi led a team which solved the structure of the 7x7 reconstruction of the silicon (111) surface using
3848:
3840:
326:
1058:
Mark, Herman; Wiel, Raymond (1930). "Die ermittlung von molekĂĽlstrukturen durch beugung von elektronen an einem dampfstrahl".
3901:
3879:
2219:
Nogales, Eva; Wolf, Sharon G.; Downing, Kenneth H. (1998). "Structure of the αβ tubulin dimer by electron crystallography".
3894:
3744:
3410:
3275:
3124:
918:
178:
2556:
Miao, Jianwei; Ercius, Peter; Billinge, Simon J. L. (2016). "Atomic electron tomography: 3D structures without crystals".
462:
3884:
3782:
3478:
341:
2303:
Gjønnes, J.; Hansen, V.; Berg, B. S.; Runde, P.; Cheng, Y. F.; Gjønnes, K.; Dorset, D. L.; Gilmore, C. J. (1998-05-01).
3131:
3906:
3764:
3734:
3663:
2919:
2207:
1495:"Symmetry determination of the room-temperature form of LnNbO 4 (Ln = La,Nd) by convergent-beam electron diffraction"
473:
3941:
3616:
429:
415:
366:
255:
3889:
3812:
3686:
3285:
411:
362:
337:
212:
166:
shared the Nobel Prize in physics "for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals."
1161:"Über das primäre und sekundäre Bild im Elektronenmikroskop. II. Strukturuntersuchung mittels Elektronenbeugung"
866:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character
314:
shared the Nobel Prize in Physics "for his fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first
3724:
3646:
1695:
De Rosier, D. J.; Klug, A. (1968). "Reconstruction of Three Dimensional Structures from Electron Micrographs".
89:
3739:
3729:
3034:
499:
271:
536:
3863:
3511:
3136:
3114:
481:
458:
3415:
3169:
3064:
2435:
Van Aert, Sandra; Batenburg, Kees J.; Rossell, Marta D.; Erni, Rolf; Van Tendeloo, Gustaaf (2011-02-02).
3772:
3069:
1311:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences
1354:"Use of high-symmetry zone axes in electron diffraction in determining crystal point and space groups"
3787:
3716:
3174:
3164:
1305:
Buxton, B. F.; Eades, J. A.; Steeds, John Wickham; Rackham, G. M.; Frank, Frederick Charles (1976).
3929:
3653:
3549:
3422:
3385:
3300:
3179:
3159:
3027:
2168:"Double conical beam-rocking system for measurement of integrated electron diffraction intensities"
503:
400:
381:
111:
2950:"Crystallography from HaĂĽy to Laue: Controversies on the molecular and atomistic nature of solids"
174:
3777:
3621:
3566:
3315:
3280:
2366:
2335:
514:
159:
2167:
2028:"Structure analysis of Si(111)-7 Ă— 7 reconstructed surface by transmission electron diffraction"
1548:
104:
3531:
3473:
3290:
1232:
1160:
965:
2938:
1400:
1095:"Die Bestimmung der Lage der Wasserstoffionen im NH4Cl-Kristallgitter durch Elektronenbeugung"
3830:
3626:
3588:
3395:
3347:
2397:
230:
T4, a common virus, thus signalling a breakthrough in macromolecular structure determination.
2982:
2759:
2497:
2398:"Automated electron diffraction tomography – a new tool for nano crystal structure analysis"
1981:"Structural analysis of Si(111)-7Ă—7 by UHV-transmission electron diffraction and microscopy"
1815:
1739:
1147:
181:(CBED), It was extended by Peter Goodman and Gunter Lehmpfuhl, then mainly by the groups of
3554:
3427:
3263:
3154:
2991:
2961:
2718:
2663:
2522:
2448:
2304:
2228:
2138:
1992:
1953:
1778:
1704:
1506:
1494:
1459:
1447:
1365:
1353:
1318:
1279:
1172:
1106:
1016:
873:
816:
749:
682:
633:
578:
436:
333:
304:
200:
published the first electron microscope images showing the lattice structure of a material.
163:
93:
21:
2064:
1219:
8:
3571:
3559:
3434:
3400:
3380:
315:
148:
115:
2965:
2722:
2667:
2526:
2452:
2232:
2142:
2026:
Takayanagi, Kunio; Tanishiro, Yasumasa; Takahashi, Shigeki; Takahashi, Masaetsu (1985).
1996:
1957:
1708:
1553:
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
1510:
1463:
1369:
1322:
1283:
1176:
1110:
1020:
877:
820:
753:
686:
637:
582:
3820:
3631:
3576:
3119:
2884:
2810:
Yip, Ka Man; Fischer, Niels; Paknia, Elham; Chari, Ashwin; Stark, Holger (2020-11-05).
2627:
2592:
2480:
1867:
1828:
1530:
1334:
1130:
1075:
1040:
946:
899:
842:
780:
737:
713:
670:
602:
297:
2706:
2651:
2280:
2263:
226:
and David DeRosier used electron microscopy to visualise the structure of the tail of
3754:
3593:
3521:
3501:
3221:
3091:
2929:
2915:
2889:
2871:
2831:
2792:
2772:
2742:
2734:
2687:
2679:
2632:
2614:
2573:
2538:
2472:
2464:
2417:
2285:
2244:
2203:
2183:
2108:
2047:
2043:
2008:
1926:
1906:
1887:
1848:
1798:
1759:
1720:
1677:
1646:
1607:
1568:
1549:"The direct study by electron microscopy of crystal lattices and their imperfections"
1522:
1475:
1428:
1420:
1381:
1338:
1252:
1134:
1122:
1079:
1032:
985:
950:
938:
891:
834:
785:
767:
718:
700:
651:
594:
373:
301:
259:
216:
2851:
2811:
1534:
903:
103:
published the first non-relativistic explanation of electron diffraction based upon
3792:
3598:
3516:
3506:
3305:
3238:
3209:
3202:
2969:
2879:
2863:
2823:
2784:
2726:
2671:
2622:
2604:
2565:
2530:
2484:
2456:
2409:
2382:
2378:
2351:
2347:
2316:
2275:
2262:
Nogales, Eva; Whittaker, Michael; Milligan, Ronald A.; Downing, Kenneth H. (1999).
2236:
2179:
2146:
2100:
2039:
2000:
1961:
1918:
1879:
1840:
1790:
1751:
1712:
1638:
1599:
1560:
1514:
1467:
1412:
1373:
1326:
1287:
1244:
1180:
1114:
1067:
1044:
1024:
977:
930:
881:
846:
824:
775:
757:
708:
690:
641:
606:
586:
491:
122:
74:
2075:
1755:
919:"Electron diffraction chez Thomson: early responses to quantum physics in Britain"
85:
waves. This was the start of electron and neutron diffraction and crystallography.
3681:
3676:
3641:
3461:
3360:
3295:
3258:
3253:
3104:
3050:
3001:
1779:"n -Beam lattice images. I. Experimental and computed images from W 4 Nb 26 O 77"
267:
142:
35:
2367:"Towards automated diffraction tomography. Part II—Cell parameter determination"
1965:
1883:
1844:
1829:"Direct Determination of the Au(110) Reconstructed Surface by X-Ray Diffraction"
3491:
3456:
3444:
3439:
3405:
3375:
3365:
3324:
3268:
3192:
3146:
2788:
2027:
322:
170:
2867:
2827:
2320:
2151:
2126:
1922:
1794:
1588:"Apparatus for Direct Observation of Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Patterns"
1518:
1471:
1377:
1291:
1094:
934:
407:
3636:
3449:
3248:
2875:
2835:
2796:
2738:
2683:
2618:
2468:
2421:
2112:
2051:
2012:
1930:
1891:
1852:
1802:
1763:
1681:
1650:
1611:
1572:
1526:
1479:
1424:
1385:
1256:
1248:
1184:
1126:
1071:
1036:
989:
981:
942:
895:
838:
771:
704:
655:
598:
510:
506:
for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution."
495:
443:
282:
278:
227:
204:
2730:
2675:
2652:"Hydrogen positions in single nanocrystals revealed by electron diffraction"
2591:
Shi, Dan; Nannenga, Brent L; Iadanza, Matthew G; Gonen, Tamir (2013-11-19).
2569:
2510:
1416:
3342:
3332:
3226:
3109:
2974:
2949:
2893:
2746:
2691:
2636:
2577:
2542:
2476:
2413:
2088:
1724:
1564:
1330:
886:
861:
789:
722:
646:
621:
454:
447:
358:
348:
290:
286:
234:
197:
17:
2289:
2248:
2197:
1432:
762:
695:
3825:
3496:
3370:
3197:
1985:
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films
1306:
469:
396:
351:
used electron diffraction to determine the structure of carbon nanotubes.
329:
311:
263:
190:
186:
182:
151:
could be used as micro-diffraction cameras with an aperture—the birth of
2609:
2534:
2460:
1665:
1004:
509:
2020 - Two independent groups led respectively by Holger Stark and
88:
1927 - Two groups demonstrated electron diffraction, the first the
3390:
3076:
1118:
1028:
392:
248:
223:
185:
and Michiyoshi Tanaka who showed how to use CBED patterns to determine
125:
and Ilya D. Usyskin determined of the positions of hydrogen atoms in NH
100:
1980:
1642:
1603:
566:
340:
and the direct imaging of crystal structures and structure defects by
3099:
2593:"Three-dimensional electron crystallography of protein microcrystals"
2104:
2025:
2004:
1978:
1777:
Allpress, J. G.; Hewat, E. A.; Moodie, A. F.; Sanders, J. V. (1972).
1716:
829:
804:
590:
418:
to solve an intermetallic, combining this with dynamical refinements.
208:
2933:
1979:
Takayanagi, K.; Tanishiro, Y.; Takahashi, M.; Takahashi, S. (1985).
3696:
3466:
3214:
2336:"Towards automated diffraction tomography: Part I—Data acquisition"
1448:"Point-group determination by convergent-beam electron diffraction"
477:
82:
31:
3019:
2334:
Kolb, U.; Gorelik, T.; KĂĽbel, C.; Otten, M.T.; Hubert, D. (2007).
2240:
3706:
1060:
Zeitschrift fĂĽr Elektrochemie und angewandte physikalische Chemie
388:
1868:"Direct Imaging of Carbon-Covered and Clean Gold (110) Surfaces"
2437:"Three-dimensional atomic imaging of crystalline nanoparticles"
2309:
Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography
2261:
738:"Reflection and Refraction of Electrons by a Crystal of Nickel"
2812:"Atomic-resolution protein structure determination by cryo-EM"
2436:
1586:
Scheibner, E. J.; Germer, L. H.; Hartman, C. D. (1960-02-01).
3701:
2434:
446:
received the Nobel Prize in chemistry "for the discovery of
2649:
567:"The Scattering of Electrons by a Single Crystal of Nickel"
2848:
1776:
307:. This surface structure had defeated many prior attempts.
3803:
Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – New Crystal Structures
1943:
1307:"The symmetry of electron diffraction zone axis patterns"
862:"The diffraction of cathode rays by thin celluloid films"
254:
1983 - Effectively simultaneously Ian Robinson used
3798:
Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – Crystalline Materials
1905:
Binnig, G.; Rohrer, H.; Gerber, Ch.; Weibel, E. (1982).
1904:
1304:
546:(English translation by A.F. Kracklauer, 2004. ed.)
336:
and microscopy. They carried out pioneering work on the
2590:
2508:
3691:
2302:
1585:
258:
to solve the structure of the gold 2x1 (110) surface,
2809:
2333:
410:
combined three-dimensional electron diffraction with
2773:"Cryo-electron microscopy reaches atomic resolution"
2395:
1627:"Improved Low Energy Electron Diffraction Apparatus"
502:
shared the Nobel Prize in chemistry "for developing
219:, the start of quantitative surface crystallography.
1492:
2555:
2218:
1907:"Surface Studies by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy"
966:"Theorie der Beugung von Elektronen an Kristallen"
211:using a flat phosphor screen for the first modern
1737:
1230:
1092:
622:"Diffraction of Electrons by a Crystal of Nickel"
2511:"Electron tomography at 2.4-ångström resolution"
2396:Kolb, U.; Mugnaioli, E.; Gorelik, T. E. (2011).
2364:
1445:
1269:
1233:"Elektroneninterferenzen im konvergenten BĂĽndel"
671:"Reflection of Electrons by a Crystal of Nickel"
107:, which remains central to all further analysis.
742:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
675:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2852:"Single-particle cryo-EM at atomic resolution"
2165:
923:The British Journal for the History of Science
735:
668:
619:
564:
3035:
1738:Crewe, A. V.; Wall, J.; Langmore, J. (1970).
1694:
1624:
1351:
2707:"Electron diffraction and the hydrogen atom"
2127:"Report of the Executive Committee for 1991"
1625:Germer, L. H.; Hartman, C. D. (1960-07-01).
1493:Tanaka, M.; Saito, R.; Watanabe, D. (1980).
805:"Diffraction of Cathode Rays by a Thin Film"
3872:
2365:Kolb, U.; Gorelik, T.; Otten, M.T. (2008).
802:
3042:
3028:
3002:"A century of progress in crystallography"
2264:"High-Resolution Model of the Microtubule"
2089:"Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon"
1401:"Theory of zone axis electron diffraction"
1191:
1093:Laschkarew, W. E.; Usyskin, I. D. (1933).
237:demonstrated imaging of single atoms in a
2973:
2883:
2770:
2626:
2608:
2279:
2150:
1446:Tanaka, M.; Saito, R.; Sekii, H. (1983).
1005:"Neuere Ergebnisse der Elektronenbeugung"
1002:
885:
828:
779:
761:
712:
694:
645:
365:method for electron crystallography in a
325:and Alexander F. Moodie shared the first
239:scanning transmission electron microscopy
2999:
2947:
2704:
1826:
1405:Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique
1057:
1298:
1204:was invoked but never defined (see the
1158:
916:
736:Davisson, C. J.; Germer, L. H. (1928).
669:Davisson, C. J.; Germer, L. H. (1928).
332:"for their outstanding achievements in
129:Cl crystals using electron diffraction,
14:
3145:
2086:
1663:
534:
528:
3023:
1865:
1003:Mark, Herman; Wierl, Raymond (1930).
963:
395:-binding site is first determined by
3936:
3276:Phase transformation crystallography
1398:
1231:Kossel, W.; Möllenstedt, G. (1939).
859:
620:Davisson, C.; Germer, L. H. (1927).
565:Davisson, C.; Germer, L. H. (1927).
179:convergent beam electron diffraction
79:Recherches sur la théorie des quanta
3783:Journal of Chemical Crystallography
3049:
2985:Historical atlas of crystallography
2912:Early days of x-ray crystallography
2760:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017"
2498:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011"
2199:Structural electron crystallography
2166:Vincent, R.; Midgley, P.A. (1994).
1816:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1982"
1666:"The Structure of Crystal Surfaces"
1352:Steeds, J. W.; Vincent, R. (1983).
1196:
1148:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936"
378:Structural Electron Crystallography
342:high-resolution electron microscopy
27:
2983:Lima-de-Faria, José (ed.) (1990),
2928:, University of California Press.
2926:Origins of the science of crystals
2904:
1439:
1358:Journal of Applied Crystallography
1345:
1263:
662:
613:
558:
513:demonstrated that single-particle
153:selected area electron diffraction
28:
3963:
2771:Herzik Jr, Mark A. (2020-11-05).
2705:McCusker, Lynne B. (2017-01-13).
2065:"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1986"
1220:"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1937"
803:Thomson, G. P.; Reid, A. (1927).
729:
474:microcrystal electron diffraction
338:dynamical scattering of electrons
61:One or two on electrons as waves?
3935:
3924:
3923:
3530:
2954:Zeitschrift fĂĽr Kristallographie
2131:Acta Crystallographica Section A
1783:Acta Crystallographica Section A
1631:Review of Scientific Instruments
1592:Review of Scientific Instruments
1499:Acta Crystallographica Section A
1452:Acta Crystallographica Section A
1272:Acta Crystallographica Section A
472:and his co-workers demonstrated
463:Atomic Electron Tomography (AET)
430:transmission electron microscope
367:transmission electron microscope
256:surface X-ray Diffraction (SXRD)
2842:
2803:
2764:
2753:
2698:
2643:
2584:
2549:
2502:
2491:
2428:
2402:Crystal Research and Technology
2389:
2358:
2327:
2296:
2255:
2212:
2190:
2159:
2119:
2080:
2069:
2058:
2019:
1972:
1937:
1898:
1859:
1820:
1809:
1770:
1731:
1688:
1657:
1618:
1579:
1541:
1486:
1392:
1224:
1213:
1152:
1141:
1086:
1051:
996:
457:and his co-workers applied the
422:
412:precession electron diffraction
363:precession electron diffraction
213:low-energy electron diffraction
65:
55:
46:
41:
3725:Bilbao Crystallographic Server
2383:10.1016/j.ultramic.2007.12.002
2352:10.1016/j.ultramic.2006.10.007
957:
910:
853:
796:
544:Foundation of Louis de Broglie
517:has reached atomic resolution.
357:1994 - Roger Vincent and
13:
1:
2993:Milestones in crystallography
2941:50 Years of x-ray diffraction
2281:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80961-7
1756:10.1126/science.168.3937.1338
521:
387:1998 - The structure of
272:scanning tunneling microscope
262:used electron microscopy and
2184:10.1016/0304-3991(94)90039-6
2044:10.1016/0039-6028(85)90753-8
1740:"Visibility of Single Atoms"
482:Janelia Farm Research Campus
459:coherent diffraction imaging
177:published the first work on
7:
3773:Crystal Growth & Design
3065:Timeline of crystallography
2939:Ewald, P. P. (ed.) (1962),
2202:, Plenum, New York, 452pp.
1966:10.1103/PhysRevLett.53.1951
1884:10.1103/PhysRevLett.51.1000
1866:Marks, L. D. (1983-09-12).
1845:10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.1145
406:1998 - A group led by
281:also involving Ilan Blech,
10:
3968:
3584:Nuclear magnetic resonance
2789:10.1038/d41586-020-02924-y
1664:Germer, Lester H. (1965).
535:de Broglie, Louis Victor.
277:1984 - A team led by
90:Davisson–Germer experiment
3919:
3839:
3811:
3788:Journal of Crystal Growth
3763:
3715:
3662:
3609:
3540:
3528:
3323:
3314:
3237:
3090:
3057:
3009:The American Mineralogist
2868:10.1038/s41586-020-2829-0
2828:10.1038/s41586-020-2833-4
2321:10.1107/S0108767397017030
2152:10.1107/S0108767392008328
1923:10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.57
1795:10.1107/S0567739472001433
1519:10.1107/S0567739480000800
1472:10.1107/S010876738300080X
1378:10.1107/S002188988301050X
1292:10.1107/S0567739468000677
935:10.1017/S0007087410000026
537:"On the Theory of Quanta"
81:introduced his theory of
3654:Single particle analysis
3512:Hermann–Mauguin notation
3000:Whitlock, H. P. (1934).
1827:Robinson, I. K. (1983).
1249:10.1002/andp.19394280204
1185:10.1002/andp.19364190107
1072:10.1002/bbpc.19300360921
982:10.1002/andp.19283921704
860:Reid, Alexander (1928).
504:cryo-electron microscopy
401:electron crystallography
391:and the location of the
382:electron crystallography
112:Gas electron diffraction
3778:Crystallography Reviews
3622:Isomorphous replacement
3416:Lomer–Cottrell junction
2948:Kubbinga, Henk (2012).
2924:Burke, John G. (1966),
2910:Authier, André (2013),
2731:10.1126/science.aal4570
2676:10.1126/science.aak9652
2570:10.1126/science.aaf2157
1946:Physical Review Letters
1911:Physical Review Letters
1872:Physical Review Letters
1833:Physical Review Letters
1559:(1204): 119–135. 1956.
1417:10.1002/jemt.1060130202
1009:Die Naturwissenschaften
917:Navarro, Jaume (2010).
515:cryoelectron microscopy
160:Clinton Joseph Davisson
3291:Spinodal decomposition
2988:, Springer Netherlands
2975:10.1524/zkri.2012.1459
2914:, Oxford Univ. Press.
2414:10.1002/crat.201100036
2087:Iijima, Sumio (1991).
1565:10.1098/rspa.1956.0117
1331:10.1098/rsta.1976.0024
1099:Zeitschrift fĂĽr Physik
887:10.1098/rspa.1928.0121
647:10.1103/physrev.30.705
105:Schrödinger's equation
3831:Gregori Aminoff Prize
3627:Molecular replacement
2996:, Nature, August 2014
2196:Dorset, D.L. (1995).
763:10.1073/pnas.14.8.619
696:10.1073/pnas.14.4.317
480:microcrystals at the
215:camera combined with
207:and his coworkers at
175:Gottfried Möllenstedt
38:involving electrons.
3137:Structure prediction
2137:(6): 922–946. 1992.
1399:Bird, D. M. (1989).
1200:The named reference
1159:Boersch, H. (1936).
437:Gustaaf Van Tendeloo
334:electron diffraction
305:electron diffraction
164:George Paget Thomson
94:George Paget Thomson
3401:Cottrell atmosphere
3381:Partial dislocation
3125:Restriction theorem
2966:2012ZK....227....1K
2723:2017Sci...355..136M
2668:2017Sci...355..166P
2610:10.7554/eLife.01345
2535:10.1038/nature10934
2527:2012Natur.483..444S
2461:10.1038/nature09741
2453:2011Natur.470..374V
2233:1998Natur.391..199N
2143:1992AcCrA..48..922.
2076:"First Ewald Prize"
1997:1985JVSTA...3.1502T
1958:1984PhRvL..53.1951S
1750:(3937): 1338–1340.
1709:1968Natur.217..130D
1670:Scientific American
1511:1980AcCrA..36..350T
1464:1983AcCrA..39..357T
1370:1983JApCr..16..317S
1323:1976RSPTA.281..171B
1284:1968AcCrA..24..339G
1177:1936AnP...419...75B
1111:1933ZPhy...85..618L
1021:1930NW.....18..778M
878:1928RSPSA.119..663R
821:1927Natur.119Q.890T
754:1928PNAS...14..619D
687:1928PNAS...14..317D
638:1927PhRv...30..705D
583:1927Natur.119..558D
399:and her team using
316:electron microscope
149:electron microscope
123:Vadim E. Lashkaryov
3821:Carl Hermann Medal
3632:Molecular dynamics
3479:Defects in diamond
3474:Stone–Wales defect
3120:Reciprocal lattice
3082:Biocrystallography
1237:Annalen der Physik
1165:Annalen der Physik
1119:10.1007/BF01331003
1029:10.1007/bf01497860
970:Annalen der Physik
964:Bethe, H. (1928).
380:, a major text on
298:Patterson function
118:and Raymond Wierl,
77:in his PhD thesis
3951:
3950:
3915:
3914:
3522:Thermal ellipsoid
3487:
3486:
3396:Frank–Read source
3356:
3355:
3222:Aperiodic crystal
3188:
3187:
3070:Crystallographers
2862:(7832): 152–156.
2822:(7832): 157–161.
2662:(6321): 166–169.
2521:(7390): 444–447.
2447:(7334): 374–377.
2227:(6663): 199–203.
1952:(20): 1951–1953.
1878:(11): 1000–1002.
1839:(15): 1145–1148.
1703:(5124): 130–134.
1643:10.1063/1.1717051
1604:10.1063/1.1716903
1317:(1301): 171–194.
1105:(9–10): 618–630.
577:(2998): 558–560.
500:Richard Henderson
374:Douglas L. Dorset
302:ultra-high vacuum
260:Laurence D. Marks
217:ultra-high vacuum
114:was developed by
3959:
3939:
3938:
3927:
3926:
3870:
3869:
3793:Kristallografija
3647:Gerchberg–Saxton
3542:Characterisation
3534:
3517:Structure factor
3321:
3320:
3306:Ostwald ripening
3143:
3142:
3088:
3087:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3006:
2979:
2977:
2943:, IUCR, Oosthoek
2898:
2897:
2887:
2846:
2840:
2839:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2768:
2762:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2647:
2641:
2640:
2630:
2612:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2506:
2500:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2346:(6–7): 507–513.
2331:
2325:
2324:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2283:
2259:
2253:
2252:
2216:
2210:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2105:10.1038/354056a0
2084:
2078:
2073:
2067:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2038:(2–3): 367–392.
2023:
2017:
2016:
2005:10.1116/1.573160
1991:(3): 1502–1506.
1976:
1970:
1969:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1863:
1857:
1856:
1824:
1818:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1717:10.1038/217130a0
1692:
1686:
1685:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1228:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1203:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1156:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1000:
994:
993:
961:
955:
954:
914:
908:
907:
889:
872:(783): 663–667.
857:
851:
850:
832:
830:10.1038/119890a0
800:
794:
793:
783:
765:
733:
727:
726:
716:
698:
666:
660:
659:
649:
617:
611:
610:
591:10.1038/119558a0
562:
556:
555:
553:
551:
541:
532:
492:Jacques Dubochet
461:(CDI) method in
146:
92:,, the other by
75:Louis de Broglie
3967:
3966:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3947:
3911:
3868:
3835:
3807:
3759:
3711:
3682:CrystalExplorer
3658:
3642:Phase retrieval
3605:
3536:
3535:
3526:
3483:
3462:Schottky defect
3361:Perfect crystal
3352:
3348:Abnormal growth
3310:
3296:Supersaturation
3259:Miscibility gap
3240:
3233:
3184:
3141:
3105:Bravais lattice
3086:
3053:
3051:Crystallography
3048:
3004:
2907:
2905:Further reading
2902:
2901:
2847:
2843:
2808:
2804:
2783:(7832): 39–40.
2769:
2765:
2758:
2754:
2703:
2699:
2648:
2644:
2589:
2585:
2554:
2550:
2507:
2503:
2496:
2492:
2433:
2429:
2394:
2390:
2371:Ultramicroscopy
2363:
2359:
2340:Ultramicroscopy
2332:
2328:
2301:
2297:
2260:
2256:
2217:
2213:
2195:
2191:
2172:Ultramicroscopy
2164:
2160:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2099:(6348): 56–58.
2085:
2081:
2074:
2070:
2063:
2059:
2032:Surface Science
2024:
2020:
1977:
1973:
1942:
1938:
1903:
1899:
1864:
1860:
1825:
1821:
1814:
1810:
1775:
1771:
1736:
1732:
1693:
1689:
1662:
1658:
1623:
1619:
1584:
1580:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1491:
1487:
1444:
1440:
1397:
1393:
1350:
1346:
1303:
1299:
1268:
1264:
1229:
1225:
1218:
1214:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1192:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1142:
1091:
1087:
1056:
1052:
1015:(36): 778–786.
1001:
997:
962:
958:
915:
911:
858:
854:
801:
797:
734:
730:
667:
663:
626:Physical Review
618:
614:
563:
559:
549:
547:
539:
533:
529:
524:
425:
268:Heinrich Rohrer
140:
128:
68:
58:
49:
44:
36:crystallography
26:
25:
24:
12:
11:
5:
3965:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3933:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3898:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3876:
3874:
3867:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3845:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3817:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3769:
3767:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3668:
3666:
3660:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3617:Direct methods
3613:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3586:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3574:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3546:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3502:Ewald's sphere
3499:
3494:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3445:Frenkel defect
3442:
3440:Bjerrum defect
3432:
3431:
3430:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3406:Peierls stress
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3376:Burgers vector
3368:
3366:Stacking fault
3363:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3329:
3327:
3325:Grain boundary
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3272:
3271:
3269:Liquid crystal
3266:
3261:
3256:
3245:
3243:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3151:
3149:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3132:Periodic table
3129:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3096:
3094:
3085:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3047:
3046:
3039:
3032:
3024:
3018:
3017:
2997:
2989:
2980:
2945:
2936:
2922:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2841:
2802:
2763:
2752:
2697:
2642:
2583:
2548:
2501:
2490:
2427:
2408:(6): 542–554.
2388:
2377:(8): 763–772.
2357:
2326:
2315:(3): 306–319.
2295:
2254:
2211:
2189:
2178:(3): 271–282.
2158:
2118:
2079:
2068:
2057:
2018:
1971:
1936:
1897:
1858:
1819:
1808:
1789:(6): 528–536.
1769:
1730:
1687:
1656:
1637:(7): 784–784.
1617:
1598:(2): 112–114.
1578:
1540:
1505:(3): 350–352.
1485:
1458:(3): 357–368.
1438:
1391:
1364:(3): 317–324.
1344:
1297:
1278:(3): 339–347.
1262:
1243:(2): 113–140.
1223:
1212:
1190:
1151:
1140:
1085:
1066:(9): 675–676.
1050:
995:
976:(17): 55–129.
956:
929:(2): 245–275.
909:
852:
795:
748:(8): 619–627.
728:
681:(4): 317–322.
661:
632:(6): 705–740.
612:
557:
526:
525:
523:
520:
519:
518:
507:
488:
485:
476:(microED) for
466:
451:
440:
433:
424:
421:
420:
419:
416:direct methods
404:
385:
370:
355:
352:
345:
323:John M. Cowley
319:
308:
294:
275:
252:
245:
242:
231:
220:
201:
194:
171:Walther Kossel
167:
156:
134:
130:
126:
119:
108:
97:
86:
71:
67:
64:
63:
62:
57:
54:
53:
52:
48:
45:
43:
40:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3964:
3955:
3944:
3943:
3934:
3932:
3931:
3922:
3921:
3918:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3810:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3766:
3762:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3714:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3661:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3637:Patterson map
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3551:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3543:
3539:
3533:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3507:Friedel's law
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3455:
3451:
3450:Wigner effect
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3435:Interstitials
3433:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3326:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3281:Precipitation
3279:
3277:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3249:Phase diagram
3247:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3236:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3211:
3208:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3144:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3089:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3045:
3040:
3038:
3033:
3031:
3026:
3025:
3022:
3014:
3010:
3003:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2921:
2920:9780198754053
2917:
2913:
2909:
2908:
2895:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2845:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
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815:(3007): 890.
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782:
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773:
769:
764:
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755:
751:
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511:Sjors Scheres
508:
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493:
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445:
444:Dan Shechtman
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299:
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291:quasicrystals
288:
284:
283:Denis Gratias
280:
279:Dan Shechtman
276:
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39:
37:
33:
23:
19:
3953:
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3928:
3873:Associations
3841:Organisation
3333:Disclination
3264:Polymorphism
3227:Quasicrystal
3170:Orthorhombic
3110:Miller index
3058:Key concepts
3012:
3008:
2992:
2984:
2957:
2953:
2940:
2925:
2911:
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2401:
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2370:
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2343:
2339:
2329:
2312:
2308:
2298:
2274:(1): 79–88.
2271:
2267:
2257:
2224:
2220:
2214:
2198:
2192:
2175:
2171:
2161:
2134:
2130:
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2082:
2071:
2060:
2035:
2031:
2021:
1988:
1984:
1974:
1949:
1945:
1939:
1917:(1): 57–61.
1914:
1910:
1900:
1875:
1871:
1861:
1836:
1832:
1822:
1811:
1786:
1782:
1772:
1747:
1743:
1733:
1700:
1696:
1690:
1676:(3): 32–41.
1673:
1669:
1659:
1634:
1630:
1620:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1556:
1552:
1543:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1411:(2): 77–97.
1408:
1404:
1394:
1361:
1357:
1347:
1314:
1310:
1300:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1240:
1236:
1226:
1215:
1198:Cite error:
1193:
1171:(1): 75–80.
1168:
1164:
1154:
1143:
1102:
1098:
1088:
1063:
1059:
1053:
1012:
1008:
998:
973:
969:
959:
926:
922:
912:
869:
865:
855:
812:
808:
798:
745:
741:
731:
678:
674:
664:
629:
625:
615:
574:
570:
560:
548:. Retrieved
543:
530:
490:2017 -
468:2013 -
455:Jianwei Miao
453:2012 -
442:2011 -
435:2011 -
423:21st Century
377:
372:1995 -
359:Paul Midgley
349:Sumio Iijima
347:1991 -
321:1987 -
310:1986 -
287:John W. Cahn
247:1982 -
235:Albert Crewe
222:1968 -
203:1960 -
198:James Menter
196:1956 -
191:space groups
187:point groups
169:1939 -
158:1937 -
147:showed that
138:Hans Boersch
136:1936 -
121:1932 -
110:1930 -
99:1928 -
78:
73:1924 -
66:20th Century
56:19th Century
47:18th Century
42:17th Century
29:
18:User:Ldm1954
3826:Ewald Prize
3594:Diffraction
3572:Diffraction
3555:Diffraction
3497:Bragg plane
3492:Bragg's law
3371:Dislocation
3286:Segregation
3198:Crystallite
3115:Point group
2960:(1): 1–26.
550:25 February
470:Tamir Gonen
408:Jon Gjønnes
397:Eva Nogales
330:Ewald Prize
312:Ernst Ruska
289:discovered
264:Gerd Binnig
233:1970 -
183:John Steeds
141: [
116:Herman Mark
3610:Algorithms
3599:Scattering
3577:Scattering
3560:Scattering
3428:Slip bands
3391:Cross slip
3241:transition
3175:Tetragonal
3165:Monoclinic
3077:Metallurgy
2603:: e01345.
1202:HirschEtAl
522:References
376:published
249:Aaron Klug
224:Aaron Klug
101:Hans Bethe
30:This is a
3717:Databases
3180:Triclinic
3160:Hexagonal
3100:Unit cell
3092:Structure
3015:: 93–100.
2934:66--13584
2876:0028-0836
2836:0028-0836
2797:0028-0836
2739:0036-8075
2684:0036-8075
2619:2050-084X
2469:0028-0836
2422:0232-1300
2113:0028-0836
2052:0039-6028
2013:0734-2101
1931:0031-9007
1892:0031-9007
1853:0031-9007
1803:0567-7394
1764:0036-8075
1682:0036-8733
1651:0034-6748
1612:0034-6748
1573:0080-4630
1527:0567-7394
1480:0108-7673
1425:0741-0581
1386:0021-8898
1339:122890943
1257:0003-3804
1206:help page
1135:123199621
1127:1434-6001
1080:178706417
1037:0028-1042
990:0003-3804
951:171025814
943:0007-0874
896:0950-1207
839:0028-0836
772:0027-8424
705:0027-8424
656:0031-899X
599:0028-0836
209:Bell Labs
3930:Category
3765:Journals
3697:OctaDist
3692:JANA2020
3664:Software
3550:Electron
3467:F-center
3254:Eutectic
3215:Fiveling
3210:Twinning
3203:Equiaxed
2894:33087931
2747:28082549
2692:28082587
2637:24252878
2578:27708010
2564:(6306).
2543:22437612
2477:21289625
1725:23610788
1535:98184340
904:98311959
790:16587378
723:16587341
478:lysozyme
83:electron
32:timeline
20: |
3942:Commons
3890:Germany
3567:Neutron
3457:Vacancy
3316:Defects
3301:GP-zone
3147:Systems
2962:Bibcode
2885:7611073
2719:Bibcode
2711:Science
2664:Bibcode
2656:Science
2628:3831942
2558:Science
2523:Bibcode
2485:4310850
2449:Bibcode
2290:9989499
2249:9428769
2229:Bibcode
2139:Bibcode
1993:Bibcode
1954:Bibcode
1744:Science
1705:Bibcode
1507:Bibcode
1460:Bibcode
1433:2681572
1366:Bibcode
1319:Bibcode
1280:Bibcode
1173:Bibcode
1107:Bibcode
1045:9815364
1017:Bibcode
874:Bibcode
847:4122313
817:Bibcode
781:1085652
750:Bibcode
714:1085484
683:Bibcode
634:Bibcode
607:4104602
579:Bibcode
389:tubulin
133:gases."
22:Sandbox
3885:France
3880:Europe
3813:Awards
3343:Growth
3193:Growth
2932:
2918:
2892:
2882:
2874:
2856:Nature
2834:
2816:Nature
2795:
2777:Nature
2745:
2737:
2690:
2682:
2635:
2625:
2617:
2576:
2541:
2515:Nature
2483:
2475:
2467:
2441:Nature
2420:
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2221:Nature
2206:
2111:
2093:Nature
2050:
2011:
1929:
1890:
1851:
1801:
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1723:
1697:Nature
1680:
1649:
1610:
1571:
1533:
1525:
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1431:
1423:
1384:
1337:
1255:
1133:
1125:
1078:
1043:
1035:
988:
949:
941:
902:
894:
845:
837:
809:Nature
788:
778:
770:
721:
711:
703:
654:
605:
597:
571:Nature
285:, and
3907:Japan
3854:IOBCr
3707:SHELX
3702:Olex2
3589:X-ray
3239:Phase
3155:Cubic
3005:(PDF)
2597:eLife
2481:S2CID
1531:S2CID
1335:S2CID
1131:S2CID
1076:S2CID
1041:S2CID
947:S2CID
900:S2CID
843:S2CID
603:S2CID
540:(PDF)
393:taxol
270:used
145:]
16:<
3849:IUCr
3750:ICDD
3745:ICSD
3730:CCDC
3677:Coot
3672:CCP4
3423:Slip
3386:Kink
2930:LCCN
2916:ISBN
2890:PMID
2872:ISSN
2832:ISSN
2793:ISSN
2743:PMID
2735:ISSN
2688:PMID
2680:ISSN
2633:PMID
2615:ISSN
2574:PMID
2539:PMID
2473:PMID
2465:ISSN
2418:ISSN
2286:PMID
2268:Cell
2245:PMID
2204:ISBN
2109:ISSN
2048:ISSN
2009:ISSN
1927:ISSN
1888:ISSN
1849:ISSN
1799:ISSN
1760:ISSN
1721:PMID
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1608:ISSN
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1421:ISSN
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939:ISSN
892:ISSN
835:ISSN
786:PMID
768:ISSN
719:PMID
701:ISSN
652:ISSN
595:ISSN
552:2023
498:and
414:and
327:IUCr
266:and
189:and
173:and
162:and
3864:DMG
3859:RAS
3755:PDB
3740:COD
3735:CIF
3687:DSR
3411:GND
3338:CSL
2970:doi
2958:227
2880:PMC
2864:doi
2860:587
2824:doi
2820:587
2785:doi
2781:587
2727:doi
2715:355
2672:doi
2660:355
2623:PMC
2605:doi
2566:doi
2562:353
2531:doi
2519:483
2457:doi
2445:470
2410:doi
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2375:108
2348:doi
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2317:doi
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1068:doi
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978:doi
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870:119
825:doi
813:119
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587:doi
575:119
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3895:UK
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