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the territory of the
Kingdom of Hadhramaut towards the coast. The text dates back to the year 400 BC (fifth century), The Himyarites established their government at the end of the second century BC, at a time when the Kingdom of Sheba was greatly weakened, so the Himyarites swept the central and southern regions of Yemen "currently", and took over Dhofar Yarim as their capital, The first it was said of the Himyarites was Shammar Dhu Raydan, who fought many battles against Ili Sharh Yahudhab, and allied with Every enemy of the Sabaeans, but he did not win and was eventually forced to reconcile with the King of Sheba, but rather joined as a commander in his armies, > Himyar was divided, some of whom were allied with Sheba, and some of them remained independent and did not recognize the government of the Sabaean, which was weak at that period, so four royal dynasties appeared in Yemen, Hashid, and Bakil and two dynasties from Himyar, each of whom it was said called himself "King of Sheba and Dhu Raydan", The turmoil continued for a century and a half, and according to some estimates, twelve Himyarites appeared, before the Himyarites were able to establish their king in the year 275 AD, led by Shammar Yaharash.
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and a social organization that regulates the relationship between its members. The social status of individuals in the tribal group, the social relationships regulating their daily dealings, and the patterns of their social behavior were determined on the basis of the roles they played in the field of producing and protecting the economic requirements of the tribal group, so the tribal economy was in the
Arabian Peninsula according to "Khaldun al-Naqib" is the economy of conquest, so the individuals who carry out the tasks of protecting the tribe occupied a high position in the tribe. The tribe was not composed only of individuals who descended from One common origin, but individuals from outside the kinship unit joined it, either optionally through the system of fraternization between the Companions, or compulsory through the annexation and annexation of prisoners of war, and the individuals who join the tribe occupy Through fraternization, an equal status is given to its original members, as long as they are committed to paying the "fine" and contributing to its defense.
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weakness, which made state a constant need to seek help from the tribal people's army, and a strong army capable of successfully waging conflicts and wars was not built, so The army did not dispense with it in all the battles it fought after the cessation of the Yemeni 26 September
Revolution in 1970, so the tribal militias "irregular forces" had an important role in supporting the army of the north against the army of the Republic of Yemen Popular Democracy, during the two wars that broke out between the authorities of the two parts of Yemen in 1972 and 1979. Before the outbreak of the March 1979 War between the two sides, former President Ali Abdullah Saleh sent a letter to Sheikh Abdullah bin Hussein al-Ahmar. On 22 February 1979, he was asked to mobilize tribal forces and prepare to confront the turbulent situation on the border. The tribal sheikhs were the ones who pushed the authority. North to go to war in 1972, and the tribal militias started the war before the army started.
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Riyadh, but he adopted an internal policy hostile to the interests of the tribal sheikhs and the Hashid. Specifically, through which the Saudi regime exerted its influence on Yemen, “Aid” was not limited to tribal sheikhs, but rather to members of political parties, as the Saudi patronage network increased in Yemen. Since the beginning of the eighties, the amount of this "aid" has reached three and a half billion dollars annually, and the number of people directly linked to Saudi Arabia is estimated at thousands within the country. As tribal elites play the largest role in Saudi-Yemeni relations to weaken the centrality of the state, It was stated in the memoirs of Sinan Abu Lahoum, Sheikh
Sheikhs Bakil about how Saudi employees in Yemen communicated with tribal leaders and allocated monthly salaries, including Sinan himself, and about the Saudi advisors’ indication to King Faisal to stop supporting the House of Hamid al-Din because they were able to "buy" the Republican sheikhs.
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are
Yemenis of Turkish and Persian origins, unlike those of African origins. They have integrated into society faster, and there is no discrimination against Yemenis of Turkish origins at all The difficult economic conditions that the country is going through contributed to in melting differences, not all the tribes in Yemen are like the tribes surrounding Sanaa, Amran governorate and Sanhan which saw themselves as participating with Ali Abdullah Saleh in rule. However, the discrimination that affects approximately five hundred thousand people to approximately one million people who are called the Muhamasheen or "Al-Akhdham" in further contempt for them still exists, and one chair was appointed for them in the Yemeni National Dialogue Conference, represented by the so-called Noman Al-Hudhaifi A number of their kings wrote works on medicine, industry, and language.
334:
prosperous days during their rule, which is currently believed to have begun from the twelfth century BC until the fourth century BC. M. These kings established a "federal" system of government, giving each tribe or province an autonomy that subordinated itself to the kingdom militarily and economically, through taxes paid by it. The nature of the Yemeni land was the main reason behind the emergence of the tribe, which is something found in The entire
Arabian Peninsula, as the mountains and narrow valleys isolated people from each other, which led to the emergence of groups allied with each other (tribes) wary of others close to them before strangers, so the urban Arabs were building forts and castles to protect themselves and defend their interests. Who is this relative of them who covets what they possess, while the Ahlaf served as a fortress and a wall for the
1427:, and some of which are in the north of it, and it was the era of the Bani Umayyads. The beginning of boasting among the Arab tribes, and each attributed the tribes he wanted to his section, and composed legends and composed satirical poems against the other sections, until the matter reached the next, and each client was proud of the origin of his master and satirized the others, The Battle of Marj Rahit] was one of the most important wars that contributed to fueling grudges. The Yemenis were on the side of Marwan bin Al-Hakam, and the Qaysiyyah were on the side of Abdullah bin Al-Zubayr, The disagreement among informants and genealogists about "Quda’ah" is due to this boasting. The tribes that are considered "Quada’ah" are mentioned in the texts of the Musnad without ancestors, but rather as peoples. The most prominent of these tribes is
1726:"Sheikhs" in the south and Hadramaut These divisions have ancient roots dating back to the history of Ancient Yemen. In Aden, things were different. Aden was a commercial city from its ancient times. It was visited by merchants, and it was not known who its original inhabitants were. In the year 1872 the city's population was 19,289 of them were Arabs, 4,812 of whom were 965 of the original inhabitants of the city and 8,168 Indians, of whom 2,557 were Muslims, and the rest were Africans (East Africa) As for the religious level, marriage between Zaydiya and Shafi'i is common in Yemen. As for Ismailis they intermarry among themselves and there is a very small Twelver minority whose existence is not recognized by the Yemeni government and they suffer from societal isolation as well. Intermarriage between
2035:
role of the tribes and the culture of corruption. And patronage, and he was able to create a balance of sorts between the state and the tribe through the policy of "dancing on the heads of snakes]]" and involving tribal leaders and elites in governance by linking them personally to him in a wide patronage network, Those tribal elites depend on central rents, financial, real estate and administrative, government financial transfers to tribal sheikhs via the
Department of Tribal Affairs, and real estate that Ali Abdullah Saleh orders that it be disbursed to them, and the senior political, diplomatic and administrative jobs that he grants to them. As for ordinary tribal members, they obtain rent-seeking jobs in the army and security, and in the education and health sectors.
1985:
them into an extension of the weak state to obstruct any independent political movement of the tribes and prevent the formation of tribal entities compliant with the institutions of a modern state. The desire for independence from the government stems from within the tribal community in Yemen because of their conviction that the patronage system is better compared to submission to state institutions and the amount of influence that They enjoy it in their regions, but it is not something they would like to sacrifice easily. Tribes from different regions prefer to solve their problems on their own without state intervention, through tribal customs that they consider better for resolving conflicts, despite their demands from time to time. The state extends its influence.
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formations were regular formations, subject to a military "rank series" (rank series), and its members received monthly salaries, wore military clothing, and underwent military training. As for citizens from the northern regions, which are characterized by strong adherence to tribal ties, they used to apply for conscription en masse, under the leadership of their sheikhs, and what was called the "People's Army" was established to accommodate them. Although it was given a regular name, it was called "The
Liberation Brigade". However, he remained outside the structure of the regular army, led by a group of tribal sheikhs, including sheikhs who occupy official positions in the military and civil state agencies, and some sources indicate that the late Sheikh
1694:
2137:
1400:
evidence, so
Hadhramaut is not Himyarite, rather it is older than Himyar, The Hadhrami tribes are among the Himyarite tribes, such as Siban, Noah, Al-Sadaf, and Al-Sa'ir. Although no writing was discovered in the Musnad, relating to a genealogy of all the tribes, including the Hadhramaut tribes, proving the "Himyarite" of these tribes. Siban and Noah are ancient tribes, and Siban was mentioned alongside Al-Mahra, in a text written by Samifa Ashua Al-Himyari, and no chain of transmission was mentioned in the text. This described them as being alive from Hadhramaut, which is closer to the truth. Whereas these tribes, such as Siban, Nuh, and al-Humum, are the closest to the Mahra and the inhabitants of
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1386:
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and the clan, and by comparing the tribal division with the administrative division of Yemen, the "tribal union" extends at the level of a number of governorates, while the "tribe" often coincides with the directorate, although it sometimes includes several directorates. Sometimes, more than one tribe shares the same district. As for the "clan," it corresponds to the center or isolation, while the house corresponds to the village, and many Yemeni villages bear the designation of a house (such as Al-Ahmar (Sanhan)|Beit Al-Ahmar]]), indicating a spatial or administrative bond and a kinship bond at the same time.
1954:. Saleh appointed his relatives to various military positions to ensure the loyalty of the institution, and in return he rewarded them in ways that included allowing them access to the government's foreign exchange reserves and showing them to deal in contraband on the black market, other relatives held ministerial positions related to planning, real estate and insurance and others took over public projects such as the National Oil Company and airlines, and rewarded others by granting them a monopoly on the tobacco trade and the construction of hotels. His son Ahmed Ali Abdullah Saleh was the commander of the
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2115:
anyone against them. Whatever, throughout Yemeni history the tribal sheikhs viewed war as a means of production, some of the tribes that were monarchies during the 1960s, cooperated in the late 1970s in what was known as the “Front War" with the
National Democratic Front, which constitutes an extension of the forces that were fighting it in sixties The regime then imposed forced conscription on many of the youth of the central regions, which were witnessing a widespread rebellion., to ensure that they or those not recruited from their families do not participate in the rebellion against the army.
1664:
but rather they have become representatives of the state in their regions and among their tribes, and therefore they are no longer accountable to the members of the tribe, which has contributed to the erosion of the intermediary space between the state and society. At the state level, the politicization of the social authority of tribal sheikhs contributed to giving the state the features of a sultanate, weakened its ability to enforce the law, contributed to the tribe and the government sharing state power, and weakened the government's ability to monopolize the exercise of political power.
147:. Throughout history, these tribes have often formed alliances, either to establish or dismantle states. Despite their diverse origins, they often share common ancestry. In Yemen the lineage of the tribe is not as important as alliances. Tribes are far from being homogeneous societal structures in any way. Several clans may share a common history and "lineage," but the tribe in Yemen is not a cohesive political entity. Clans belonging to a common "lineage" may change their affiliations and loyalties as dictated by needs and circumstances. They and the allied tribe find a common “lineage.”
1145:, but they did not submit to the Zaidi Imamate, and the Tahirid army was defeated before Imam Al-Mutahhar ibn Muhammad in 1458, The Tahirids were able to repel the Portuguese from Aden, and Hadramaut fell to the Kathiriyya Sultanate in the late fifteenth century, and the Zaidi Imam Al-Mutawakkil] was able to Sharaf al-Din with the commander of the Mamluk army, they were able to defeat the Tahirids from Taiz, Radaa, Lahj and Abyan, The fall of the Tahirid state was complete, and they remained in control of Aden until the year 1539, so the Ottomans took control of Aden, then Taiz,
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political decisions for the emerging Yemen Arab Republic in the Arabian Peninsula, and this provided an opportunity for the tribe to practice economic and commercial activities on a broader scale, which made it influence the climate Traditional cultural and social and its continuity. Some sources reported that many families from Hashid and Bakil changed their allegiance from time to time according to what was required by political interest. He rallied the most politically influential tribes in the Republic of Yemen since The fall of the monarchy in 1962 and after Yemeni unity.
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decision that conflicts with its interests. The expansion and effectiveness of the tribal role in Yemen has worked to strengthen tribal structures and adherence to the culture of privacy and unequal citizenship relations, which has remained one of the most important issues around which conflict between Modernization forces and traditional forces. This situation weakens the role of civil society and makes it unable to contribute to the process of democratic transformation because the traditional forces are considered conservative social forces resistant to change.
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609:
84:
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2180:(South Yemen) were tense, and Saudi Arabia did not have the same influence within that country as the North. The Socialist Party has succeeded in limiting the role of the tribal and religious leaders in the south of the country, but this does not negate Saudi Arabia's relations with “southern Yemeni" parties that were hostile to the Socialist Party, most notably the sultans and sheikhdoms that existed before the October 14 Revolution, but that did not prevent them. "Tense relations" due to support for the separatist forces led by
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the Hashid and Bakil tribes and their sheikhs. The boom in weapons among the tribes was and still is one of the most important factors for the weakness of the army, eliminating the presence of the state and marginalizing its role. The availability of weapons among the tribes has hindered the government from fulfilling the functions of the state, such as extracting natural resources, punishing outlaws, and regulating the use of water. Tribal leaders attribute their influence in less favored areas in the areas of Sanaa such as
1094:
915:, he saw Bani Nahd in which there were few people, and he was surprised by their presence despite their small number. They said, "We are stronger and more powerful." When he asked them by whom?, they answered him: “By whom.” With you from us, O Commander of the Faithful.” Kinda joined Abd al-Malik as well, and over them was Ishaq bin Muhammad al-Kindi, and Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad al-Kindi] left. Known as "Ibn al-Ash’ath," the leader of the famous revolution later at the head of five thousand fighters to fight
1121:
Muhammad al-Sulayhi was able to annex Mecca in the year 1064, However, they did not try to impose their doctrine. In the year 1138 Sultan Suleiman bin Amir al-Zarahi, the last Sulayhid sultan, died, and the regions became independent, including Sanaa, which was controlled by three families from Hamdanand Aden became independent. And over it Banu Zurayi and they are from the Yam tribe from Hamdanas well, and Al-Mukarram Al-Sulayhi was the one who appointed them over it, The Najahs returned for a short period to
926:, after the annihilation of the army of Ubayd Allah bin Abi Bakra by Turk, and the relationship between Al-Hajjaj bin Yusuf and Abdul-Rahman bin Al-Ash’ath was very bad, to the point that Abdul-Rahman's uncle called on Al-Hajjaj not to send Abdul-Rahman, who used to call Al-Hajjaj " Ibn Abi Raghal." Whenever Al-Hajjaj saw Abd al-Rahman, he said: “How arrogant he is!” Look at his walk, and by God, I was about to behead him.” Abd al-Rahman was arrogant and proud of himself and of his lineage to the kings of the
1162:
1756:
the civilization of civil society became mortgaged. In the hands of tribal sheikhs, Ali Abdullah Saleh's regime did not work for 33 years to establish the foundations of a civil society, To improve the image of the regime, Ali Abdullah Saleh exaggerated in portraying the nature of the Yemeni tribes And to give it legitimacy before the international community, Researcher Sarah Phillips believes that it may be believed that democracy in Yemen is more likely to succeed than in other Arab countries due to the
2027:, and their joining of the revolution was not for the sake of The revolution or to stand with its youth only, but this came as a result of previous disputes between them and Ali Abdullah Saleh, and the parties took advantage of the revolution to achieve their demands in partnership and to obtain political positions that were monopolized by the For the People's Congress year, and the political parties signed the Agreement with the ruling party, sponsored by the Gulf states, which led to an end to the
343:
449:
434:
1149:, and the rest of Tihama, The Ottomans succeeded in subjugating Aden and it was one of the worst eras that passed through that city. The Zaidi tribes, led by Imam Al-Mansur Al-Qasim were able to defeat the Ottomans and the reason for their success after several Revolts suppressed by the Ottomans because they learned to use firearms, They liberated Aden from the Turks in 1644, and Yemen was the first region to separate from the Ottoman Caliphate, The tribes (Hashid, Bakeel, Sanhan, and
1583:
1864:
733:
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2002:
penetration into society, as he did not establish state agencies in many rural or even urban areas, and he did not work to establish the state's monopoly on the legitimate use of force. By forming networks of personal loyalty and subordination with traditional elite symbols of tribal sheikhs and local leaders, they can, through their social powers, control their followers and thus curb any attempt to demand their political, civil, social, economic, and cultural rights.
776:
Al-Arqam Al-Kindi, The killing of Hajr bin Adi stirred many people, including the Yemeni tribes, even Muawiyah bin Khadij Al-Tujaybi, So Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan sent one hundred thousand dirhams to Malik bin Hubayra Al-Kindi with the aim of silencing him. Things returned to normal and the conquests resumed. Rabi’ bin Ziyad Al-Harithi Al-Madhaji Khorasan and conquered Yazid bin Shajara Al-Rahawi Al-Madhaji and Abdullah bin Qais Al-Taragmi Al-Kindi the sea and invaded
171:, and Al-Hadda, and they live in the eastern regions of Yemen. As for the Himyar tribes, they inhabited the southern mountainous regions and the central plateaus, while Hamadan consists of Hashid and Bakil. The political and economic conditions in Yemen during the Middle Ages and the early modern era led to the redrawing of the tribal map of Yemen. The Madhaj tribes joined the Bakil tribal confederation, and some Himyar tribes joined the Hashid tribal confederation.
1645:
to specific houses, and has become hereditary, as the eldest son becomes a sheikh after the death of his father. And in Hadhramaut The presenters were chosen through consultation and consensus among the "intruders" of the tribes, and he was installed in a meeting called the "Intruders’ Meeting." In general, the sheikh in traditional tribal society was subject to accountability from the tribe, and could be replaced if he was found to be arrogant or tyrannical.
1604:
1012:
678:
1212:
that may be revealed by modern archaeological discoveries, The kings of the Kingdom of Sheba belonged to one of the branches of Hamadan, but the leader of the Hashid “Yarim Ayman”, He managed to monopolize the kingdom around the second half of the second century BC, Then the kingship moved to Bakil in the second half of the first century BC, and Bakil's control ended after the victory The Himyarites led by Dhamar Ali Yahbar I in the year 100 AD.
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loyal to the tribe. My party accepted it as a military allegiance, and when the 26 September Revolution broke out in the north, the national state did not inherit from Imamate Kingdom a strong national army. Rather, some members of the army fled and sided with The deposed Imam was trying to regain power, and the revolution needed protection, so the state issued in 1963 the "Conscription Law", according to which conscription did not take place.
1023:
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Sabaean texts, it may have another meaning. The word Bakeel is undoubtedly a Sabaean word. The name Hashid and Bakeel are as old as the Kingdom of Sheba itself. In the past, the Hashid and Bakil tribes were called “the wings of the Zaidi Imams,” But this does not necessarily mean that all Hamadan are Zaidi, or that Zaidi are confined to them, but rather they are that way from a historical perspective.
1731:
themselves are a mixture of Hebrews and tribes Their presence is very ancient. They are the indigenous people of Yemen and do not differ from the tribesmen ethnically or racially, except for their religious belief and culture. However, Yemeni Jews are subjected to societal and political discrimination and marginalization, which was mentioned by Orientalists who visited Yemen in the twentieth century.
1086:
1989:
own media outlets. The Islah Party has newspapers and channels that speak in its name and represent it, and the Party also controls The General People's Congress, on the official media for several decades, and when the Congress lost its authority over it, Ali Abdullah Saleh created Yemen Today Channel, and the Yemen Today newspaper, In addition to dozens of websites for both parties.
1533:
union and the Bakil union, Therefore, the bond at the level of "tribal union" is a bond based on loyalty, while at the tribe level, the bond is based on common interest, the tribe at this level is an organization for managing natural resources, and kinship forms the bond at the level of clan or house, as it includes individuals related by kinship to the fifth or The sixth or seventh.
1993:
divided into isolated and self-sufficient villages, and the tribal people were in Yemen are "supporters and allies" of the state and not subjects As well as the residents of cities and agricultural areas in which the tribal structure was weak, the Yemeni states were controlling On major ports and cities, where tribal ties are weakened to collect taxes from farmers and merchants.
1997:
field of democratic transformation, due to the separation between political and social authority and the continuation of traditional local loyalties, which generates political lethargy among the population, Joining parties, especially in the countryside, is done collectively due to the appeal of the two main parties in Yemen, namely the General People's Congress and the Yemeni
4466:
Madhhij, Kinda, Azd, Ash’ariyyun, Anmar, and Himyar, and as for the Levantine people: Lakhm, Judham, Amila, and Ghassan.” Al-Hakim said: This is a hadith with an authentic chain of narration, but they did not narrate it. It was narrated by Imam Ahmad in Al-Musnad (1/316), and Al-Hakim in Al-Mustadrak (2/459), and it was witnessed by the hadith of Farwah bin Masik Al-Muradi.
935:
brother Ishaq bin Muhammad al-Kindi as commander of the people. Abd al-Rahman consulted with his soldiers and said He does not contradict an opinion he saw yesterday, and Amer bin Wathilah Al-Kinani agreed with him. They called for the removal of what he called "the enemy of God," Al-Hajjaj, That was the beginning of one of the most violent and intense revolts against the
22:
889:, Al-Husayn bin Numair Al-Sakuni was killed during the revolution of Al-Mukhtar Al-Thaqafi, and Al-Mukhtar was killed during Mus’ab bin Al-Zubayr's departure to him. To the right of Al-Mukhtar Al-Thaqafi was Salim bin Yazid Al-Kindi, and to his left was Saeed bin Munqidh Al-Hamdani, and Muhammad bin Al-Ash’ath Al-Kindi was in the ranks of Musab bin Al-Zubair.
2119:
wars, the tribes obtained a large amount of weapons, and the participation of tribal militias in the 1994 Civil War gained importance. Especially in this area, it obtained large quantities of weapons from the military units loyal to President Ali Abdullah Saleh at the time, and seized other quantities of weapons from the military units loyal to his deputy
1314:, and the texts of the Musnad script described them as " The Bedouins of Sheba". Madhhij is one of the sections to which many tribes in Yemen and the rest of the Arabian Peninsula trace their origins, and a number of other countries who maintained their tribal connections. The tribe was known in Arab heritage books by the title "‘Mazhaj al-Ta’an’.”
724:
and Ammar bin Yasser al-Ansi and they were all from Mazhaj. The heart of Ali's army in the Battle of Siffin was from the people of Yemen, And many of Hamdan loyal to Ali were killed in that battle. Whenever one of them was killed, their banner carrier was carried until another carried it. Malik al-Ashtar used to mobilize his people Mazhaj and say:
930:. He used to sit in the gatherings of his uncles from Hamdan and say: “And I am as Ibn Abi Ragha says, if I do not try to remove him from his authority, So he exerted himself as long as he and I had to stay.” Abd al-Rahman set out at the head of forty thousand fighters. People called him the “peacock army.” Abd al-Rahman invaded the country
1321:. They are found in most areas of Yemen and they are many tribes. Such as Nak', and they are found in Al-Bayda Governorate, Abyan, and Banu Al-Harith bin Ka'b, and in Shabwa, Ma’rib and Sada’, and Ubaida in Ma’rib and Al-Habbab From Qahtan as well, and Al-Minhali in the north of Hadramaut and Sanhan, and around Sana’a, which is the tribe of
955:. So Abd al-Rahman fled to the country of Turk with Ubaid bin Abi Suba` al-Tamimi, so al-Hajjaj sent Amara bin Tamim al-Lakhmi requesting Abd al-Rahman. When al-Kindi realized that he would be handed over to al-Lakhmi, he chose to commit suicide rather than commit suicide. It is delivered to the pilgrims in the year eighty-five AH.
529:, the leader of Banu Al-Harith ibn Jabla from Kindah, refused to pay zakat, and it was Sharhabeel ibn Al-Samat Al-Kindi was hostile to Al-Ash'ath and his killer. Indeed, Kinda was divided among itself during that period. The hostility between its ranks continued until the days of the Umayyads. This Sharhabeel assumed the emirate of
1134:... etc.) Omar bin Rasool established a state known as the apostolic state that was one of the strongest kingdoms that Yemen witnessed throughout its history after Islam. It is one of the longest-lived Yemeni states in the country's history after Islam. They built Cairo Citadel in Taiz and Mosque And Al-Muzaffar School
628:
twenty years and was one of the people who divided the houses in it Then Malik bin Hubayra al-Kindi took charge of it, and he was the commander of Muawiyah's armies against the Romans The Kingdom of Kinda| was the most important pillar of the Jund of Homs and Jund of Palestine, bin Khadij al-Tujaybi was revealed.
136:. There are no official statistics, but some studies indicate that tribes constitute about 85% of the population of 25,408,288 as of February 2013. According to some statistics, there are approximately 200 tribes in Yemen, and some counted more than 400 tribes. Yemen stands out as the most tribal nation in the
946:, so Basra pledged allegiance to him and all Hamdan who were his maternal uncles, and the reciters and followers joined him. Such as Saeed bin Jubair and Muhammad bin Saad bin Abi Al-Waqqas and the great status of Abd al-Rahman Fakhshi Abd al-Malik bin Marwan and he panicked and proposed to the people of
377:). Yemen entered a new era based on the conflict of the new religions, during the era of The Yemeni Himyarite State, and it became a subject of competition between the Sassanians and the Roman state. As a result of this competition between greedy external powers, Yemen began to suffer from instability.
1476:, but unlike the northern regions of the country, the revolution and the evacuation of the colonizer did not increase the influence of the tribes, but rather increased their weakness and disintegration with minor differences. From one southern governorate to another, this is due to the policies of the
2168:
was his rejection of foreign interference in Yemen's internal affairs, Indeed, as soon as Al-Hamdi was assassinated, Ahmed Al-Ghashmi who was from Hashed requested the return of monthly salaries, Al-Hamdi's intention was not hostile to Saudi Arabia. He wanted to adopt a foreign policy compatible with
1984:
was the speaker of Parliament, And his deputy, Sheikh Yahya Al-Ra’i from the Congress Party, They do not have academic or scientific qualifications, but their tribal influence enabled them to hold their positions. Ali Abdullah Saleh built a wide patronage network with the tribal leaders, which turned
1949:
During the 1990s, Ali Abdullah Saleh chose the patronage system as a way to quickly bypass the difficult process of state-building. In the absence of strong state institutions, the political elite in the Saleh era formed a model of cooperative governance where competing interests agreed to discipline
1932:
After the assassination of Al-Hamdi, Ahmed Hussein Al-Ghashmi assumed the presidency, and the tribal sheikhs, Lieutenant General Hassan Al-Omari demanded their positions in the armed forces, including Mujahid Abu Shawarib and Abdullah Al-Ahmar and Sinan Abu Lahoum, which is what happened to them They
1902:
as head of the government and kept Abu Lahoum's relatives in the army, but he quickly got rid of them, and Al-Hamdi worked to reduce the role of tribal sheikhs in the army and the state and abolished Ministry of Tribal Affairs He froze the work of the constitution and dissolved the Shura Council, and
1854:
the military entered a party in political battles, starting with the conflict over the establishment of the National Council, where the forces presented What were known as the correction decisions of the armed forces, the correction officers demanded that the funds provided by the state to the tribal
1780:
After Captain Stafford Haines occupied Aden on 19 January 1839 he pursued a policy based on provoking tribes to fight among themselves, thus reducing his need for large British forces. The occupation government agreed to this policy, Haines and those who came after him succeeded in dividing The south
1720:
These customs no longer had their previous effect, or they remained only symbolic, while discrimination, marginalization, and contempt for the so-called Akhdam or marginalized people remained, reaching the point of physical attacks and ignoring the authorities. The tribal structure in Yemen continues
1680:
Each Yemeni tribe has a "diwan", which constitutes a middle space between the tribe and the state, and a public space, which constitutes a space for deliberation on general issues for the tribe, making decisions related to resource management, and settling disputes between families and clans, Through
1644:
tribes in Abyan, and in some tribes such as the "Ibn Abd al-Mani" tribe, the sheikhs were circulated. Among its three divisions, and in the Hashid and Bakil tribes, tribal sheikhs were chosen in the past through the signature of the village sheikhs and headmen, but currently the sheikhdom is confined
1619:
As for those with the third rank in the distribution of power, "the sheikhs" and the equivalent, they constitute the elite] in the tribe, and they undertake the tasks of mobilizing tribal fighters, and leading them during wars. Next in rank are the "aqal and secretaries" and their counterparts. They
1407:
In general, Hadhramaut is considered somewhat less tribal than other regions in Yemen, despite the presence of tribes, and in a study conducted by the American researcher Sarah Phillips in cooperation with Sana’a university, the percentage of those who declared that loyalty should be to the state and
1366:
There are many tribes that are attributed to Himyar in all parts of Yemen and outside it, and talk about their divisions depends on the writings of the informants, not the Musnad inscriptions. The Musnad texts did not mention that Himyar, or "Himyar," was a man and had children, or that his real name
1362:
He is the eldest son of Saba, and the brother of Kahlan, according to the reports, Although the Himyarites were the ones who overthrew Saba and Hadhramaut and united them into one state, there is no indication that Himyar were sons of Saba, as the ancient Sabaean texts mentioned them as "the son of a
791:
was killed while Amr bin Aziz Al-Kindi and his son Ubayd Allah were on a quarter of Kinda Kingdom and Rabi'ah took the pledge of allegiance For Al-Hussein bin Ali, But Muhammad bin Al-Ash’ath Al-Kindi feared that Hani’ bin Urwa Al-Muradi Al-Madhaji would be killed because of his position in Iraq and
643:
heading to Iraq at the head of four thousand fighters, three thousand of whom were from Yemen, The number of fighters of Mazhaj in The Battle of Al-Qadisiyah was two thousand and three hundred fighters out of ten thousand, Their leader is Malik bin Al-Harith Al-Ashtar Al-Nakha’i and Al-Nakha’ is from
627:
Al-Samat bin Al-Asut Al-Kindi, Muawiyah bin Khadij al-Tujaybi, Dhu al-Kala` al-Himyari and Hawshab Dhu Dhalim al-Himyari were each of them over Kardus in the Battle of Yarmouk. Sharhabeel bin Al-Samat Al-Kindi – and it was said his father, Homs, and with him Al-Miqdad bin Al-Aswad and he ruled it for
575:
to accompany him while he was leaving, and he and his people remained in Islam and died in Kufa in the days of Muawiyah and he was on the banner of Hadhramaut in the Battle of Siffin with the army of Ali ibn Abi Talib, and they participated in the conquests of Egypt, and it was reported that Muawiyah
419:
Al-Himyari, one of the notables and nobles of Himyar, asked for help from the Persians to expel the Abyssinians from Yemen. Then Saif bin Dhi Yazan, with the support of the Persians, was able to expel the Abyssinians, which ended the seventy-two year rule over the Yemens. But it entered Persian rule,
2144:
Since the 1960s, Hashid sheikhs close to the Saudi ruling family have been receiving huge monthly sums totaling $ 60–80 million annually, as pointed out by Dr. Gregory Goss, a professor of international relations at the University of Vermont, USA., The funds were disbursed through the so-called
2123:
after their defeat, to the point that their stock of light weapons exceeds the government's stockpile. The government's stockpile of light weapons was estimated at 1,500,000 weapons, while the tribes' possessions were estimated at more than 5 million weapons Most of these weapons are in the hands of
2118:
In exchange for the militias’ support for the regime in its wars during the last decades of the twentieth century, the regime granted tribal sheikhs money, lands, cars, and real estate, and granted some tribal sheikhs military ranks and job ranks in the state's administrative apparatus. During those
1966:
and Yahya Muhammad Abdullah Saleh were involved in using military tankers to smuggle diesel to the Yemeni and Saudi markets, Although the security services nominally report to the Ministries of Defense and Interior, senior leaders from Sanhan such as Ahmed Ali Abdullah Saleh, Yahya Muhammad Abdullah
1734:
The Jews were skilled goldsmiths and among the best dagger makers, and they were also present in Aden where the English but most of them moved to life in Israel and the United States in any case, small numbers of them remained and they had no significant societal or political influence at all. There
1725:
in India Al-Akhdam is often confused with slaves, but the truth is that those known as Al-Akhdam are not 'slaves' or Mamluks, nor were they. These divisions existed in North and South Yemen with different names. The synonym for "judges" in North Yemen (the late Ibrahim al-Hamdi belonged to them) are
1599:
tribal confederation, there is the "Sheikh of Sheikhs," followed by the tribal heads, the "Captains.", then the sheikhs, followed by the elders and the trustees. As for the tribes of Hadhramaut, each outfit is headed by a "tailah," and each tribe is headed by a "colonel.", each thigh is headed by an
1594:
The distribution of power in the traditional tribal society in Yemen took a hierarchical pattern parallel to the hierarchy of the tribal organization. In the Hashid tribes, the "Sheikh of the Sheikhs" stands at the head of the tribal authority, followed by the "Sheikh of Al-Daman," then the sheikhs.
1422:
The name Qada’ah nor "Adnan" was not mentioned in ancient texts that predate Islam, and only a little about "Qahtan" (Qahtan) was mentioned in the Musnad texts as a land name, not in the form that the informants portrayed in the Umayyad and Abbas eras. Qada'ah includes many tribes, some of which are
1370:
The oldest text discovered about Himyar is a Hadhrami text that refers to the construction of a wall around Wadi Labna Hadhramaut. Its mission was to prevent the Himyarites from attacking the caravans of Kingdom of Hadramaut, between Shabwa and the port of Qena, and to block them from encroaching on
1340:, and the Anas tribe, and one of them is Al-Ansi, which is a tribe originally from Mazhaj, but it entered Bakil, like many other tribes, and there is a tribe Al-Riyashi, and one of them is Al-Riyashi in Al-Bayda Governorate and Al-Dhale’ from Mazhaj, and some news people mentioned that they are from
993:
in addition to the tribes of Rabi'ah. Marwan bin Muhammad was the last Umayyad caliph, known as "Donkey" due to his many wars, so Homs (one of the most important strongholds of the Yemeni tribes) revolted against him during the days of disputes, and he left. Abdullah bin Yahya al-Kindi also ruled in
934:
and their friend offered to pay the tax to the Muslims, but Abd al-Rahman did not answer him until he annexed a large part of their country and stopped due to the onset of the winter season. Al-Hajjaj sent a letter to Abd al-Rahman forbidding him to stop, and threatened to depose him and appoint his
758:
While Sharhabeel bin Al-Samat Al-Kindi and Malik bin Hubayra Al-Kindi were in the army of the Levant, Hajr bin Adi Al-Kindi and Al-Ash’ath bin Qays were in the army of the Levant. And Abd al-Rahman bin Mahrez al-Kindi and others with Ali, Dhu al-Kila’ al-Himyari was on the side of Muawiyah, and with
656:
swore Mazhaj Between Iraq and the Levant they wanted to move towards the Levant and they hated going to Iraq like the rest of the people of Yemen. There were four chiefs over Mazhaj Amr bin Maadikarb al-Zubaidi and Abu Sabra bin Dhu’ayb al-Jaafi and Yazid. Ibn Al-Harith Al-Sada'i and Malik Al-Ashtar
338:
in the desert. Historically, the lack of resources in the Arabian Peninsula forced people to isolate themselves in the form of tribal groups scattered throughout the peninsula. Even the urban ones cling to the tribe and invent lineages for their alliances to maintain the cohesion of the alliance, as
325:
and from these four kingdoms the tribes emerged. Although after Islam historians did not know much about the Qataban and Main, they included the tribes that were affiliated with them in Imma and in Saba because they were mentioned in the Qur’an. Or Himyar because it is the last of the ancient Yemeni
194:
Most genealogists and historians classified the Arab peoples into two classes: defunct Arabs and those remaining. Defunct Arabs refer to ancient Arab tribes that lived in the Arabian Peninsula and then disappeared before Islam. No descendants from this tribe remain today due to change in the natural
2110:
and tribal teams were formed to support the army in confronting Al-Qaeda in 2010 in Shabwa Governorate and again in Abyan Governorate in the period 2011 – 2012, Where The popular committees in the regions of southern Yemen, especially in Abyan Governorate play a major role in supporting the army to
2034:
The loyalties and relationships woven by the political system, and the subjugation of the tribe to its benefit, prevented attempts to build a civil society by disbursing financial allocations and "acceptance" to the armed forces, all of which were factors that contributed to the exacerbation of the
2009:
died in 2007, and his sons had enjoyed influence in the state before, and they exploited that to secure multiple commercial privileges. Humaid al-Ahmar is one of the most prominent businessmen in Yemen, and he owns many companies and is an agent for a number of international companies inside Yemen,
1812:
it sought to include the tribal sheikhs in the political body of the state, and the Yemeni state in the north before unification witnessed a struggle between two military forces and the tribal sheikhs, until it created Ali Abdullah Saleh, who does not belong to a strong tribe and does not have long
1792:
is one of the reasons for state control and the absence of tribal authority in the south of the country before Yemeni unity in 1990. The ruling party succeeded in building a strong state controlling sources of income, but it was a closed totalitarian state, with Bad relations with most countries in
1663:
structure to a hierarchy structure, the transformation of social authority from an authority based on acceptance to a compulsory authority, and the weakening of social relations between the members of each tribe, and the tribal sheikhs are no longer representatives of their tribes before the state,
1228:
Although the 26 September Revolution started from Taiz, an area whose population is less connected to the tribe than other Yemeni regions despite its presence, However, Hamedan played an important role in supporting the revolution, which gave it influence and power centers that enabled them to make
1137:
In fact, this division between the Arab Arabs and the Arabized Arabs is due to what was mentioned in the Old Testament, and it was derived from what is meant by the news of the beginning of creation. Then the genealogists and informants agreed to divide the Arabs in terms of lineage into two parts:
723:
and Ismaili. As for the rest of the tribes, they divided among themselves between the two groups. So Malik al-Ashtar al-Nakha’i was at the head of three thousand horsemen. In the army of Ali ibn Abi Talib in the Battle of Siffin and with him Shurayh bin Hani al-Harithi, Ziyad bin al-Nadr al-Harithi
661:
was among those who went out at the head of one thousand and seven hundred fighters and participated with Sharhabeel Ibn Al-Samat in that battle as well, Duraid bin Ka’b al-Nakha’i was the bearer of the banner of al-Nakha’ "The Night of the Harrier" and Kinda Kingdom was defeated that night against
604:
to Yemen inviting them to fight in the Levant, Anas ibn Malik sent a letter to Abu Bakr informing him of the response of the people of Yemen, and Dhu al-Kala` al-Himyari came with a few thousand of his people, Al-Ala bin Al-Hadrami conquered Bahrain and fought those who apostatized from Islam among
488:
and Mazhaj, they had a different position. A battle broke out between Hamadan and the Murad Al-Madhahi tribe in that period. Kinda and Madhahij had always been in close contact, and Madhahij was defeated in front of Hamdan and Farwa bin Al-Musayk Al-Muradi announced his separation from the kings of
2114:
The army's need to support tribal militias was and still is not only due to its weakness, but also to the army's desire to contain the tribes during the wars and battles it fights, and to ensure that they do not side with the other party. The Yemeni tribes have always been ready to enter wars with
2078:
Tribesmen and sheikhs realize that the continuation of their political roles is determined in light of the measures taken by state in the field of building a strong, professional and institutionalized army, Therefore, they contributed to hindering the army institution, and keeping it in a state of
1996:
Ali Abdullah Saleh worked to weaken and disperse the influential middle class and strengthened the position of the patriarchal pastoral forces represented by the tribal sheikhs in the countryside. The fragmentation of society has weakened the public sphere, making it unable to play its role in the
1988:
There are two parties that dominate the Yemeni political scene, namely the General People's Congress Party and the Yemeni Islah Party, which are competing to attract tribal sheikhs, due to their tribal and political influence, and their relations with neighboring countries. Both parties have their
1755:
The tribe in Yemen is viewed as a national entity from the point of view of those defending its existence in its current form. It is a major and ancient part of the components of the Yemeni people. Observers believe that Ali Abdullah Saleh used the tribe and directed it against civil values, until
1541:
Historically, the Yemeni tribe formed an integrated political and economic unit independent of other units. It represented an organization for managing the collectively owned natural resources, a military unit responsible for defending its members and the individuals and groups affiliated with it,
1524:
The tribal structure can be classified into a number of organizational levels, namely: the tribal union, the tribe, the clan, and the house. This is an academic classification, but at the level of daily use, the term tribe is used to refer to the tribal union. It is also used to describe the tribe
1452:
is a tribe belonging to Himyar bin Saba', and their country was known in the texts of Al-Musnad in the name "Dahs" or "Dahsam" and then it was named after them later during the era of the Upper Yafa Sultanate, The Yafa tribe in the Yafa region is divided into two main sections: Banu Qasid and Banu
1274:
Kindah is historically divided into three sections, namely "the sons of Muawiyah," and to this is added the word "the noble ones," since they were the kings of Kindah, And the two sections. The others are "Sukun" and "Sakasik," and more than fifty tribes branch out from these three divisions. They
1203:
Hamdan is the name of an ancient Sabaean land, mentioned in the seventh century BC, According to the informants, Hamdan is the ancestor of the tribes Hashid and Bakeel, and according to them he is Hamdan bin Malik bin Zaid bin Usala bin Rabi’ah bin Al-Khayar bin Malik bin Zaid bin Kahlan bin Saba,
1073:
And Saada fell into the hands of Imam Yahya bin Al-Hussein in the year 898, Where Mawla Hussein bin Salama was able to preserve the state of his masters Bani Ziyad and confront Abdullah bin Qahtan Al-Himyari, but Al-Himyari was able to burn Zubaid Ibrahim bin Abdullah bin Ziyad, the last prince of
1036:
Some Yemeni tribes supported the Abbasid call at its beginning, The country became independent from the Caliphate in the year 815, and several states were established throughout the country for sectarian and tribal reasons, so the State of Bani Ziyad and its founder Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Ziyad
868:
in Jordan and make it theirs, so bin al-Hakam agreed, There were two tribes of Kindah (Al-Sukun and Al-Sakasak) with Marwan bin Al-Hakam in the Battle of Marj Rahit which confirmed the rule of Marwan bin Al-Hakam and it was the beginning of the second phase of The Umayyad state and one of the most
775:
ordered the killing of Hajar bin Adi al-Kindi, but the intercession of Malik bin Hubayra al-Kindi (one of the commanders of the Levant army in the Battle of Siffin) on the pretext that Hujr was the head of those who opposed and criticized Muawiyah, But he accepted his intercession. In Abdullah bin
570:
As for Hadhramaut, it converted to Islam after the conversion of the great leader there Wael bin Hajar when the Messenger sent him a letter. Wael came to Medina and Muhammad ordered the call to prayer in honor of his arrival. It is not known exactly how long he remained in Medina except that he It
3352:
History of Al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1204. He sent a messenger to him and told him The Commander of the Faithful did not prevent the Commander of the Faithful from interceding for you on behalf of your cousin except out of compassion for you and your people due to the calamity of another war. If Hijr
2058:
Historically, the Yemeni army was in constant need of the support of tribal militias, or what became known as Popular Committees in its internal and external wars. It is a weak and disjointed army, and lacks military doctrine despite the numbers of its members, and the majority of its members are
1747:
and before it, the Yemeni tribe is considered politically important in building the state, and it forms part of its authority, and plays a major role in political decision-making, although it does not It has a vision for social transformation, but it has an influence in opposing or stopping every
1569:
However, they are averse to manual and craft work, and the truth is that "the tribe" is the highest social class, and the position of the "gentlemen" and judges is only with the consent and conviction of the tribes. There were classes that occupied a low social status, including the craftsmen and
1532:
is the basic bond in society at its various levels, this generalization is incorrect, as many political and economic factors have played a role in Formation and restructuring of tribal unions, through fraternal system. Some tribes broke away from the Mazhaj tribal union, joining the Hashid tribes
1232:
Bakil is divided into four main sections, which are Arhab, Marhaba, Nihm, and Shaker. They are the most numerous of the Yemeni tribes, and many tribes were included among them, so they became the largest tribal union in Yemen. But they are not under the influence of the Hashid, and this is due to
1224:
since ancient times, as large tribes include smaller tribes for various circumstances. The word "Bakeel" is derived from "Yabakal", which is the mixing or bringing together of things according to a theory. It was also said that Bakeel means a beautiful man, but as long as the word is mentioned in
1219:
and its environs, and they have an extension in Amran Governorate, with the presence of separate sheikhdom tribes outside the borders of The Republic of Yemen such as Yam Tribe, according to Western sources mention the Hashid and Bakil as alliances of several tribes or a “tribal union" of several
1211:
Hamdan is divided into two main parts: Hashid and Bakil, which are large tribes. The oldest mention of Hashid or "Hashdum" as read in the ancient Sabaean texts of the century 4th century BC, As for Bakil, it dates back to the 6th century BC, Since the fourth century BC, and for mysterious reasons
698:
and distributed housing on a tribal basis The planning of Fustat was supervised by four people, namely Muawiyah bin Khadij al-Tujaybi and Shareek bin Sami al-Ghataifi from Murad Mazhaj and Amr bin Qazam Al-Khawlani and Haywal bin Nashirah Al-Maafiri, and most of the tribes residing in Fustat were
564:
Uyaynah bin Hisn Al Adi, you are one of your people, to the core and core I am not like the shaggy, crowned boy who has mastered and is weaned His grandfather the bitter eater and Qais/his speeches about the kings were great speeches If you two have come to an engagement/excuse other than you, it
380:
The Romans intended to introduce the Christian religion to Yemen to have political and economic influence there. Their trade began to run between the Arabian Gulf and the Red Sea, passing through Yemen. The Jews of Yemen also spread as a result of the asylum of Jews fleeing Roman persecution. And
150:
Over long periods of time, Yemen remained a unified nation despite the lack of a central government that imposed its authority over the entire territory of Yemen, with the exception of short periods of Yemen's history. The nation was made up of a number of tribes, and the tribal division in Yemen
1992:
The tribes were not accustomed to submitting to a strong central authority. The majority of states that were established in Yemen did not control the tribal areas, especially the northern highlands. The sheikhs were the decision makers in their regions. During the Middle Ages, Yemeni society was
1672:
Social relations in Yemeni tribal society were characterized by a collective nature. The unit of dealing was the family, not the individual. Ownership of pastures and natural resources was collective property. Individual disputes often turned into collective disputes The Yemeni tribes designed a
1125:
but Ali bin Mahdi Al-Himyari eliminated them, imposed a certain lifestyle on them, and isolated them from society in the year 1154 and that was the beginning of the emergence of a group of Modern-day Yemeni citizens are known as Akhdam, Grudges between tribal leaders prevented them from unifying
1120:
in Tihama and various tribal forces in Saada, passing through the central regions to Aden and Hadramaut, and he was able to bring together the countries of Yemen under the rule of one state. He was the first to achieve this after Islam and took over from Sanaa The capital of the country. Ali bin
1855:
sheikhs be stopped. In August 1971 the government resigned and Prime Minister Ahmed Mohamed Noman justified the government's resignation due to its inability to fulfill its obligations due to... Tribal sheikhs’ depletion of the state budget, In December 1972 the resignation of the government of
1751:
The tribe represents an essential component of social capital, and a living economic force whose influence extends to the relationship between the state and the tribe, and thus determines the level of institutionalization of the state, its ability to direct and make decisions, and the extent of
542:
and Al-Sakasik Al-Kindi were in the ranks of the Muslims, led by Al-Husayn bin Al-Numair Al-Sakuni, to spite Al-Ash’ath. Who surrendered after four months of siege, but he converted to Islam again and went out to the Levant and Iraq as an invader, and headed to Al-Qadisiyah at the head of three
2070:
Recruitment methods differed according to the differences in tribal structures. Citizens from the "central regions" where tribal ties were weak, in Taiz and Ibb in particular, volunteered individually, and what was established was It was called the "National Guard" to accommodate them, and its
1456:
As for outside the Yafa’ area, they are usually divided into three major clans, namely Al-Mousta, Al-Dhabi, and Banu Qasid, and they are all called Ayal Malik or Banu Malik, in reference to Yafa’ Na’ta's grandfather, who was nicknamed Malik. They are spread in almost all governorates of Yemen,
4465:
On the authority of Abdullah bin Al-Abbas – may God be pleased with him – that a man asked the Prophet about Sheba: “Whether it is legs, a woman, or land?” He said, “Rather, he is a man who had ten children. Six of them lived in Yemen, and four of them lived in the Levant. As for the Yemenis:
2184:
in 1994, Where Saudi Arabia wanted a longer war and more money and weapons for the separatists. The white supporters lost quickly, but Saudi Arabia wanted to arm and support the tribes in the south, and they say to the Americans, "You don't know the tribes." Saudi Arabia was the only one that
1684:
Recently, the tribe's decision-making processes are no longer carried out through consensus. Rather, the sheikh is the one who makes most of the decisions, without referring to the tribe's audience. This is what stripped the tribe of its traditional civil character, strengthened its sectarian
1399:
is the name of an ancient tribal union. Genealogists and informants considered it a belly of donkeys, and some of them said that a man named "Amer bin Qahtan" used to kill a lot. Whenever his enemies saw him, they said, "Hadhramaut", And other narrations that have no archaeological support or
1730:
is socially rejected, primarily for religious factors. Even Yemeni Jews refuse to marry their daughters to Muslims, but they are socially and legally too weak to stop such marriages. In the past, before Islam, intermarriage and intermarriage with Jews was common in Yemen. Indeed, Yemeni Jews
1270:
Kingdom is marred by a lot of ambiguity, as news writers talked about it and many writings were discovered in Qaryat Al-Faw, written in The old Musnad script is what researchers rely on to know their history away from the fanaticism and partisanship of the lineage and the people of the news.
533:
for Muawiyah, and he was its conqueror and who divided The houses on the tribes in it, He was hostile to Ali ibn Abi Talib and had a great influence in The Battle of Siffin and Al-Ash’ath was in Ali's army. It seems that some of them were Christians, as it was reported that the prince of the
3343:: O my brothers, my companions, and my best friend, should I fight for the Quraysh for the kingdom so that if it is upright for them, they will kill us? By God, if I catch it again with those who obey me from Yamaniyah, I will tell them: Quraysh separate from us and let them kill each other.
2001:
Party, to tribal sheikhs, and it is not based on conviction, knowledge, or understanding of the party's programmes. The majority of the population of the Yemeni countryside (where most of the population lives) are illiterate and cannot read and write. Ali Abdullah Saleh hindered the state's
1615:
Those holding the rank of "Sheikh of Sheikhs and Sheikhs of Al-Daman" in the Hashid tribes and their counterparts in other tribes constitute the elite and the political authority of the tribe, Or what they are called in Islamic historical writings “People of Solution and Contract", They are
559:. Al-Ash'ath ibn Qais married Farwa bint Abi Quhafa after Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq released him, which saddened Uyaynah ibn Muhsin that his situation was similar to that of Al-Ash'ath. However, they did not marry him, so he responded to him. A poet from his tribe, Salem bin Dara Al-Ghatfani, said:
333:
The kingship in Sheba was in the hands of a tribe or "coven" according to the Sabaean word called "Fishan," “Dhu Khalil," “Dhu Sahar," and "Dhu Ma'ahir." Nothing is currently known about them and there is no mention of them in writings.Their rule continued and the kingdom witnessed its most
281:
In fact, this division between the Arabs and the Arabized Arabs is due to what is written in the Old Testament, and it was derived from what is meant by the news of the beginning of creation. Then the genealogists and informants agreed to divide the arabs in terms of lineage into two parts:
1673:
customary justice system for arbitration, based on settlement and reconciliation, not on punishment, In the tribe there is no authority authorized to impose punishment on violating persons, Tribal sheikhs are arbitrators between tribes, not judges over them. Therefore, the phenomenon of
2039:
estimated the number of completely fake employees in 2006 at about 30,000 employees, out of the total employees in the state administrative apparatus, which numbered about 473,000 employees at the time, and estimated the fake soldiers at approximately one-third of the forces’ soldiers.
1920:
witnessed major political and economic reforms, He bet on his popularity in Yemeni circles to remove his country from the Saudi mantle, by clipping the nails of powerful tribal players, So he held a summit Quartet of Basin countries], and began communicating with the President of the
950:
to remove al-Hajjaj And Abd al-Rahman's leadership over them greatly saddened al-Hajjaj. Ibn al-Ash’ath's campaign continued for nearly four years, and he fought eighty-some battles with al-Hajjaj and his armies, all of which were in favor of Abd al-Rahman, but he was defeated in the
1480:, which seized power after the expulsion of the English colonialists from Aden. The Socialist Party has placed this among its priorities, However, tribal (or more precisely regional) affiliations emerged to the fore again during the 1986 War, among supporters Abdul Fattah Ismail and
714:, and Al-Ash'ath bin Qays the governorship of Azerbaijan Yemen was divided between Ali ibn Abi Talib and Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan, so the majority of Hamdan was on the side of Ali ibn Abi Talib their leader Saeed bin Qais Al-Hamdani who was the owner of the Hamadan banner. In
391:
invaded Yemen and took control of it in 533 AD with the aim of eliminating their rival, the Persians, and regaining control of the trade routes. The leader "Aryat" assumed power after he eliminated King Himyar Dhu Nuwas. After Abraha al-Habashi, in 535 AD, who left the
1916:, the guardian of the tribal forces in Yemen, through the money it pays through the so-called "Special Committee" I refused to support Al-Ahmar because Al-Hamdi succeeded in making them believe that he was their ally by getting rid of the Abu Lahoum family, The era of
424:
and its neighboring countries were subject to Persian colonialism, and the Persians became a class known as "Sons". As for the Yemeni regions to which Persian rule did not extend, they lived in a state of conflicts and tribal disputes, until the emergence of Islam.
763:
in Egypt And he killed him by inserting him into the belly of a donkey and burning him, Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan directed Abdullah bin Amer al-Hadrami to Iraq to mobilize them to fight for his side, One of Mazhaj was the one who killed Ali ibn Abi Talib and he was
859:
in the caliphate of Yazid bin Muawiyah and left the army to Mecca with Yazid's desire and besieged Abdullah bin Al-Zubayr, He pledged allegiance to Marwan ibn al-Hakam, and a number of people from Kinda Kingdom were insisting on al-Husayn ibn al-Numair to present
1693:
1631:
Despite the differences in tribal authority structures from one tribal union to another, what is common to all of them is that the holders of positions of tribal authority were chosen by members of the tribe directly or indirectly. The sheikhs in the country of
1813:
military experience, created a kind of balance and reconciliation between the tribal forces and the army at the beginning of his rule, but he began to change his positions in later periods and transformed the army into what could be called the "family sector."
596:), Mikhlaf al-Jand (central Yemen), Mikhlaf Tihama, and Mikhlaf Hadhramaut, and their reign was stable in Yemen, and not much is known from this period until the late ninth century AD, but Historical sources are full of Yemenis themselves. They participated in
4782:
Daniel M. Corstange¬ (10) Institutions and Ethnic Politics in Lebanon and Yemen¬ A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Political Science)¬ The University of Michigan¬2008¬ P. 131. note No.
1363:
paternal uncle," and this uncle was the greatest god of the kingdom. Ancient Qataban, not Sheba, They seized "Dahsum", which is the land of the Yafa and Al-Ma’afer tribe, and fought with Saba for a long time, until they completely overthrew it around 275 AD.
685:
In the twentieth year of the Hijra, Abdullah bin Qais al-Taraghmi al-Kindi invaded the Romans at "the sea" at the urging of Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan although Omar was hesitant about that, Muawiyah ibn Khadij al-Tujaybi al-Kindi was part of a delegation to
1570:
craftsmen class, and there were the "Muzayna" who were the circumcisers, barbers and cuppers, and there were the "Qashamen" who were the vegetable sellers and owners of stalls and carts, and there were the "Dawasheen" who recited welcome poems and sang
1971:
were largely independent in their actions, and there was virtually no civilian supervision of the army, so it became an important hotbed for patronage and the distribution of benefits, through fake soldiers and smuggling of weapons, fuel and people.
1822:
1002:
opened the money coffers and distributed them to the poor but did not take anything from them, Abdullah's army, led by Al-Mukhtar bin Awf Al-Azdi was able to storm Mecca, but he was defeated at a site called Jerash, and his army returned to Yemen.
381:
whose ancient temple was destroyed in Jerusalem in the year 70 AD, and when the influence of the Jews increased in Yemen, they showed the spirit of revenge against the Roman Christians, and when they refused to convert to Judaism, the Jewish king
225:
There is another division which divides the Arabs into three classes: defunct Arabs, Arabized Arabs, and Mozarabized Arabs; the last two classes are called "remaining Arabs." The Arabs are those who are descended from the descendants of Qahtan or
2090:
After the war, the Tribal Affairs Authority was distributed to the southern governorates, and the cities and neighborhoods were appointed with sheikhs and neighborhood chiefs, something that these cities and governorates had never known before.
4416:
The book "Al-Kamil fi Al-Tarikh" by Ibn Al-Atheer, Volume Four, pp. 145 to 153 ("Mention of the Pledge of Allegiance to Marwan Ibn Al-Hakam" and "Mention of the Battle of Marj Rahit and the Killing of Al-Dahhak Ibn Qays"), Dar Sader – Beirut –
234:, He was the first to speak Arabic, and they are considered Arabs of authenticity and antiquity. These are the Al-Qahtaniyah from the Himyar; the people of Yemen and its branches, who represent the people of southern Arabia, as opposed to the
1715:
In the past, society used to look down on singers, but the matter has changed recently. Many of the Yemeni singers who have recently appeared belong to different societal groups and the lowest strata of the social ladder, what are known as
4891:
R. B. Serjeant, Dawlah, Tribal Shaykhs, the Mansab of the Waliyyah Saidah, qasamah, in the Fadli Sultanate, South Arabian Federation, in Mooawiyah Ibrahim (ed), Arabian Ltritur in Honor of Mahmoud Ghul, Wiesbaden: Harassowitz, 2001, p.
1181:", and many others. They were not mentioned in the writings of the genealogists and the people of the news, but among the tribes that were mentioned in the books of the people of the news and still exist today are the tribes of Hamdan,
1941:
To strengthen the place of tribal sheikhs in power, in the eighties Ali Abdullah Saleh established the Tribal Affairs Authority to play the same role as the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, which was abolished by the assassinated President
524:
in Taiz on the lands of Al-Sukun and Al-Sakasik, which are still part of the Kinda Kingdom and it is the second oldest mosque in Yemen. After the death of Muhammad, tribal divisions appeared again, and the narrators reported that
2788:".php?lng=Arabic&sid=37254 D. Muhammad Ahmad Al-Kamil, The Historical Path of Yemeni Unity from the beginning of Islam until the state of Bani Rasul, September 26 newspaper, issue (1371), issued on October 13, 2010, p. 24"
718:
and The Battle of Siffin, Yazid bin Qais Al-Arhabi Al-Hamdani was one of the messengers of Ali ibn Abi Talib To Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan calling on him to obey Ali, A large portion of Hamdan is still Shiite to this day, from
5897:
Derek B. Miller, Demand, Stockpiles, and Social Controls: Small Weapons in Yemen, the Graduate Institute of International Studies, A publication of the Small Arms Survey, Occasional Paper, No. (9), Geneva, May 2003, p.
1781:
and east of Yemen were divided into sheikhdoms, sultanates, emirates and states, the number of which reached 25 tribal states, all of which were linked to protection agreements with the colonial administration in Aden.
2010:
and the influence of the sons of Abdullah bin Hussein Al-Ahmar conflicts with the influence of the sons of Ali Abd God is Saleh, in 2009 a committee was formed to sell Yemeni oil at auction to various competitors, and
816:, Kinda acquired thirteen heads of the family of Hussein ibn Ali and Mazhaj Seven, Sinan bin Anas al-Nakha'i al-Mazhaji was the one who cut the head of Hussein As for Hamdan there were many of them who were killed in
884:
and were not Arabs. Except for seven hundred, they headed towards Medina and then to Mecca to besiege Abdullah bin Al-Zubayr, but he was killed by a plot hatched by bin Al-Zubayr and the rest of his army returned to
4277:
Kenneth Anderson Kitchen : Documentation for Ancient Arabia . Part I:. Chronological Framework and Historical Sources Liverpool University Press, Liverpool 1994, ISBN 0-85323-359-4 (The World of Ancient Arabia
468:
Several researchers believe that the reason for the rapid conversion to Islam of the Himyarites, Hamdan, and Hadhramaut is that these tribes were of a monotheistic religion before Islam for a long time, but neither
3407:
History of Al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1249. You have known the status of Hani bin Urwa in Egypt and his house in the clan, for I hate enmity with his people. They are the people of Egypt and the number of the people of
1367:
was "Al-Arnaj," but because he wore a robe. Hamra is called Himyar, Like Sheba, the Himyarites are an ancient ruling family. The tribes joined them against Sheba and the informants considered them "Himyar tribes."
515:
But the rest of Mazhaj were still connected to Kindah and did not like the appointment of Al-Muradi as head of the charity, so Amr ibn Maadikarb Al-Zubaidi and several Madhaj people defected and preferred to join
1907:
even though he was a rival of Abu Lahoum, but he realized al-Hamdi's intentions to get rid of the mostly negative influence of tribal forces, angered Al-Ahmar tried to rally his supporters in the countryside of
1847:, but the elites who belong to this governorate, such as Beit Al-Iryani, realize that it is in their interest to maintain good relations with the tribal elites because they lack a tribal base to support them.
1859:
due to... His demands, which were not met, were the dissolution of the Shura Council, which is dominated by sheikhs, the dissolution of the Tribal Affairs Authority, and the cessation of the sheikhs’ budget.
4982:
Shelagh Weir¬ Tribe¬ Hejrah and Madinah in North -West Yemen¬ in Kenneth Brown¬ Michele Jole¬ Peter Sluglettand Sami Zubaida (eds)¬ Middle Eastern Cities in Comparative Perspective¬ London¬ Ithaca Press¬
2018:
in this matter. Disagreements of this kind increased between the sons of Abdullah bin Hussein al-Ahmar and the relatives of Ali Abdullah Saleh, and the support of Hamid al-Ahmar, who is the leader of the
1453:
Malik, and they established several sultanates throughout history in Yemen and abroad, such as The Tahirid State The Emirate of Al-Kasad and The Qu'aiti Sultanate and The Emirate of Al Buraik and others.
4073:
489:
the Kingdom of Kinda because they betrayed him in that battle, according to what was reported, and he went to Muhammad converted to Islam, and the Muhammad appointed him responsible for collecting alms.
1549:
a look of veneration and respect, as they represent the religious authority of the community, in addition to the fact that the unit of dealing in "tribal society" is the family, not the individual, the
520:
and Farwa ibn Al-Musik managed to manage Al-Muradi from the defeat of Amr bin Maadikarb, and his son Qays was with Fayrouz Al-Dailami the killer of Al-Aswad Al-Ansi, Muhammad Moaz bin Jabal and built
357:, which no longer functioned; the villages, cities, and farms around it were flooded and the population was forced to migrate internally and externally to countries near and far. They migrated after
2382:
2285:
1516:
and others such as the Al-Daghar Sultanate and their sheikhdom in the Al Farid, It is a cohesive tribe compared to other tribes residing in the south of the country, and they are located in Shabwa.
832:
who participated in that battle alongside the Umayyads Among them are Hani bin Thabit al-Hadrami, Usayd bin Malik al-Hadrami, and Sulaiman bin Awf al-Hadrami, Hakim bin Munqidh al-Kindi went out to
4937:"The 1994 Yemen War: Causes and Consequences,” prepared by Jamal Sanad Al-Suwaidi, Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, Chapter Two: The Tribal Factor in the Yemeni Crisis, pp. 39–44
4018:
Eduard Glaser and the South Arabian antiquities collection in Vienna " In. Wilfried Seipel (ed.), The Discovery of the World. The world of discovery. Austrian researcher, collector, adventure p.194
1545:
The Yemeni people inherited very ancient social traditions and customs dating back to pre-Christian times, related to social patterns and their roles, The ancient Yemenis looked To the Makariba or
1656:
in 2008, and in the same manner, Sheikh Sinan Abu Lahoum was installed as sheikh of the sheikhs of Bakil in 1977, as well as the inauguration of his son after him at a tribal conference in 1982.
1801:
were more than those inside it. And the symbolism remained weak, but the tribe remains strong in areas in the south like Abyan and Shabwa. Al-Dhalea increased in strength after Yemeni unity and
1562:
between the tribes, in addition to a tribal custom that required the tribe to protect the neighbor, as the "lord" does not fight or carry weapons. They lived under the protection of the tribes.
1565:
They are followed by the class of "sheikhs or judges," who are of tribal origin, but they do not often carry weapons. Then "the tribe" is the one who usually carries weapons, and may work with
759:
him were four thousand of his people, and he attacked those loyal to Ali and wounded some of them. They were of great character, Muawiyah bin Khadij al-Tajibi al-Kindi was the one who pursued
2086:
the popular committees played an important role in supporting the military units loyal to the unity and to Ali Abdullah Saleh, in their battles against the military units loyal to his deputy
262:
divides the arabs into four successive classes in the chronological range: the Arabs, who are the defunct ones, then the Arabs, who are the Qahtaniyah, then the arabs belonging to them, from
5712:
The Palace and the Diwan, "The Political Role of the Tribe in Yemen," a group of researchers headed by Dr. Adel Mujahid Al-Sharjabi, Sana’a, 2009, The Military Character of the Tribes, p. 84
5338:
1898:
by persuading Tribal leaders, and using them as a temporary bait to realize that they are the ones with the real power on the ground. So he wooed Sinan Abu Lahoum by appointing his relative
780:
and was the first Arab to invade it, bin Hudayj al-Tujibi Africa (Tunisia) invaded three times, he invaded Nubia, where his eye was damaged and he became one-eyed. He assumed the emirate of
5888:
The Palace and the Diwan "The Role" “Politics of the Tribe in Yemen," a group of researchers headed by Dr. Adel Mujahid Al-Sharjabi, Sanaa, 2009, The Military Character of the Tribes, p. 85
1659:
The politicization of the social authority of the sheikhs of the tribes had negative effects on the state and the tribe alike, as it led, at the tribal level, to its transformation From an
5770:
1760:
nature of the tribes, and their prevention of any authoritarian authority from tyranny in the country, but Ali Abdullah Saleh used the tribes in favor of consolidating the foundations of
1616:
authorized by their tribes to conclude treaties, agreements, and alliances with the state and other tribes or dissolve them, and to represent the tribe before the state and other tribes.
970:
during the days of Omar bin Abdul Aziz and he was Raja bin Haywa Al-Kindi the latter's advisor and master of the people of Palestine, during which Al-Samh bin Malik Al-Khawlani took over
787:
Muawiyah died, and Hamdan remained loyal to the sons of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Abu Thumama al-Sayidi al-Hashidi was their head and part of Kinda Kingdom and Mazhaj Muhammad bin Al-Ash'ath
5629:
4093:
1294:
The oldest Sabaean texts that refer to "Kinda" referred to them in Najd, in the second century BC, The texts of Musnad script referred to Kinda and Madhhij as "the parsing of Sheba."
958:
Talha bin Daoud al-Hadrami assumed the governorship of Mecca during the days of the seventh Umayyad Caliph Suleiman bin Abdul Malik and Bashir bin Hassan al-Nahdi the governorship of
5684:
5092:
Book: “Internal and External Determinants of Political Stability in Yemen (1990–2010 AD)” Master's Thesis, Saleh Nasser Jashan 2012 AD. The second section: Social determinants, p. 66
1793:
the region as well as economic failure. As for the regions of Hadhramaut, the tribe's authority was at its lowest in the south because of the socialist policies, and because of the
1204:
The greatest of their gods was the god Talab Riyam, and they believed that he was their father and the son of the greatest Sabaean god El-Maqh. Hamadan was mentioned in the ancient
828:), Saif bin al-Harith bin Saree al-Jabri, Ziyad bin Urayb al-Saidi, Siwar bin Munim Habis al-Hamdani and Abas bin Abu Shabib Al-Shakri and Barir bin Khudair Al-Hamdani, He was from
880:, and he was on Bani Nahd Malik bin Amr al-Nahdi and Abdullah bin Sharik al-Nahdi, And Sharhabil bin Wars al-Hamdani went at the head of three thousand fighters, most of whom were
6046:
974:
and opened a number of forts and was killed in the Battle of Toulouse in France and was succeeded by Abdul-Rahman Al-Ghafiqi who was killed in the battle of Balat The Martyrs.
5113:
2904:
Abd al-Rahman Ibn Khaldun, the initiator and expert in the history of the Arabs and Berbers and those who contemporized them of the greatest importance. Part 2, pp. 526 – 527
1950:
through implicit acceptance of the resulting balance, and this balance was not disturbed except after the efforts of Ali Abdullah Saleh to strengthen the position of his son
1702:
4973:
Paul Dresch¬ The Rules of Barat: Tribal Documents from Yemen, Center Francais d Archeologie et de Scienees Cociales, Deutsches Archaologisches Institute, Sanaa, 2006. p. 5.
3026:
Lee Strange (1890), Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500, Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund, London p.25
666:, Mazhaj was one of the most prominent neighborhoods that participated in that battle, to the point that a boy among them was driving sixty or eighty prisoners of the
1784:
When the South gained its independence in November 1967, the new state worked to eliminate the authority of the tribal sheikhs, and merged the tribal states into one
6011:
796:
called "Rashid." So Abdul Rahman bin Al-Husayn Al-Muradi proceeded to kill the master and killed Ibrahim bin Al-Ashtar Al-Nakha’i Al-Mazhaji Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad.
2895:
Abdul Rahman bin Khaldun, the initiator and expert in the history of the Arabs and Berbers Those who lived with them were of the greatest importance. Part 2, p. 477
2958:
Abdul Rahman bin Khaldun The beginning and the news in the history of the Arabs and Berbers and their contemporaries are of the greatest importance. Part 2, p. 514
2128:
or Ma'rib to the absence of infrastructure, the deliberate marginalization of the government, and the state's inability to establish security and stability there.
2023:
party. The emergence of the Yemeni Youth Revolution, against Ali Abdullah Saleh, as well as his brother Sadiq al-Ahmar, and he joined the revolution after General
1698:
565:
will be eternal He has the prestige of kings and of Al-Ash'ath if an old incident comes Al-Ash`ath ibn Qays ibn Maadi has anguish and pride, and you are an animal.
892:
4077:
3846:
Robert W. Stookey, Yemen; The politics of the Yemen Arab Republic. Boulder 1978, p. 98; H.C. Kay, Yaman: Its early medieval history, London 1892, pp. 128–9, 317
3747:
Ziyadids, G.R. Smith, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. XI, ed. P.J. Bearman, T. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs, (Brill, 2002), p. 523
3321:
History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1202. Muawiyah said: “Your cousin Hujr is the head of the people, and I fear that if I release him, he will ruin Egypt for me.”
1903:
on 27 July 1975 which he called "Army Day," he issued decisions to remove many tribal sheikhs from the leadership of the military establishment. Al-Hamdi moved
5796:
843:
Some sources say that Yemen pledged allegiance to Abdullah bin Al-Zubayr in addition to for Hijaz, and the details regarding that are non-existent, but it was
505:
people of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, who were trembling before their arrival: “Tomorrow we will meet our beloved Muhammad and his party.” and Muhammad said to them:
2759:
Dr. Adnan Tarsis, The Land of Sheba and the First Arab Civilization, Yemen (Arabia Felix), Lebanon, Beirut, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Mu’asim, 2nd edition, 1990, p. 46
1648:
As for the holders of the first rank, "Sheikh of Sheikhs," the method of their selection was and still is done through a mechanism similar to the system of
836:
on horseback, mobilizing the people to avenge Hussein in the year 65 For Hijra, He was among those who were killed with Sulaiman bin Sard al-Khuza’i in the
670:, even their women. They participated in that battle, and they were seven hundred Madhhiji women. And people from Bani Nahd participated in the conquest of
2386:
2383:"Tribal Resistance and al-Qaeda: Suspected U.S. Airstrike Ignites Tribes in Yemen's Ma'rib Governorate. the James town foundation last retrieved DEC 72012"
2289:
2286:"Tribal Resistance and al-Qaeda: Suspected U.S. Airstrike Ignites Tribes in Yemen's Ma'rib Governorate. the James town foundation last retrieved DEC 72012"
400:
and declared himself king of Yemen and ruled alone. There, he worked to spread the Christian religion in the Arabian Peninsula, and he intended to build a
1457:
especially in Hadramaut. They were also famous for being among the first tribes to pay attention to the Najdi Salafi call in Yemen during the era of Imam
1262:(Musnad: 𐩫𐩬𐩵𐩩), an ancient Arab tribe mentioned in the texts of the second century BC, This tribe was known in heritage books as "Kinda" Kings", The
5183:
3877:
G. Rex Smith (1988). The Rasulids in Dhofar in the VIIth–VIIIth/XIII–XIVth centuries. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (New Series), 120, pp 26–44
2348:
2305:
998:
and the judge of Ibrahim bin Jabla al-Kindi, governor of the Umayyads in the late days of the Umayyads, and he dominated. Abdullah Ali Hadhramaut and
5314:
Abdullah bin Hussein Al-Ahmar, A Program for National Action and Governance Reform, Yemeni Printing and Publishing Company, Sana’a, 1937 AD, pp. 3–23
942:
sent supplies to al-Hajjaj, and he killed Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Ash'ath Mutahhar ibn al-Harr al-Judhami and Abdullah ibn Rumaitha al-Tai, and stormed
5336:
About a Yemeni citizen with the powers of a president: Ibrahim Al-Hamdi and the power of example Farea Al-Muslimi to the Lebanese As-Safir newspaper
2140:
Abdullah bin Hussein Al-Ahmar with Prince Muhammad bin Ahmed Al-Sudairi in 1973. Sheikh Al-Ahmar's salary was 1.78 million US dollars per month
5601:
5335:
3353:
remained, you feared that he would force you and your people to rush to him, and that would be a calamity for the Muslims greater than killing him.
2658:
Lessons and the Diwan of Al-Mubtada' and Al-Khabar|History of Ibn Khaldun, The Book of Lessons and the Diwan of Al-Mubtada' and Al-Khabar, Part Two
1127:
543:
thousand fighters, following Saad bin Abi Waqqas, and he was one of the eight alongside Amr bin Maadikar who were sent by Saad bin Abi Waqqas to
5774:
4946:
Book: “Determinants Internal and external affairs for political stability in Yemen (1990–2010 AD)” Master's thesis, Saleh Nasser Jashan 2012 AD.
652:
participated with seven hundred fighters, and Amr] was Ibn Maadikar Al-Zubaidi on the starboard side of Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas in that battle, and
4701:
3981:
Chrestomathia Arabica meridionalis epigraphica edita et glossario instructa' ' (1931) Pubblicazioni dell'Istituto per l'Oriente p. 55 (4th line
2629:
Lessons and the Diwan of Al-Mubtada wal-Khabar|The History of Ibn Khaldun, The Book of Lessons and the Diwan of Al-Mubtada wal-Khabar, part two
2525:
2488:
804:
Historical sources are very scarce about the situation of Yemen during that period, and like previous crises, the Yemenis were divided between
5626:
5835:
5678:
4336:
a description of the Arabian Peninsula. – Al-Hamdani Verified by: Muhammad bin Ali Al-Akwa’ Al-Hawali Publisher: Al-Irshad Library – Sana’a
707:, Ak, Ash'ari and Tajib participated and Hamdan in the conquests of Egypt, North Africa and Andalusia, and Hamdan and the Kingdom in Giza.
5435:
Sinan Abu Lahoum, "Yemen is Facts and Documents I Lived", Part Two, Al-Afif Cultural Foundation, Sana’a, second edition, 2006, pp. 380–382
5418:
Ahmed Saleh ALafqih, “Restructuring the Army and Security Forces, the Solution to the Mubarakah,” Mareb Press, accessed February 28, 2013
5237:
2687:
Hommel. Geography and Geschichte of the Alten Orients, I S., 142 – Fritzl Hommel's Geography and History of the Ancient Near East, p. 142
2572:
551:
in the year 17 Hijra, and Al-Ash’ath bin Qays subjugated the second rebellion of Azerbaijan and became ruler over it in the caliphate of
6040:
5927:
Video, the American bombing of the Radaa region, in video The American bombing of the Radaa area, Marib Press, accessed 7 February 2013
5500:
2227:
876:
in his revolution to investigate the killers of Hussein, and he was Asim bin Qais bin Habib. Al-Hamdani was on a quarter of Hamdan and
5879:
See the intervention of Sultan Naji in the Symposium on Contemporary Yemen, Arab Future Magazine, Beirut, Issue 62, April 1984, p. 182
5216:
Harold F. Yacoub, Aden and South Yemen in the Kings of the Arabs, translated by Ahmed Al-Madhawi, Damascus, first edition, 1967, p. 45
4758:
1492:
The Aulaqi is one of the largest and most influential tribal blocs in the south of the country, They are a tribal confederation from
1208:
texts in the form "Ardam Hamdan," which literally means "the land of Hamad," And the barren land is the dry land that does not grow.
5110:
538:
sent a force to besiege Al-Ash’ath, who had fortified himself and those with him in a fortress called Al-Najir, while the tribes of
6081:
The word "colonel" refers to the head of the tribe in Hadramaut, and it corresponds to the rank of "colonel" in the ranks. Military
6072:
The word captain refers to the head of the tribe in Bakil, and it corresponds to the rank of "naqib" or "captain" in military ranks
2031:
that accompanied the Yemeni Youth Revolution, whose demands were met Against administrative and financial corruption and nepotism.
1980:
The sheikhs and tribal leaders enjoyed broad powers in the state. The head of the Islah Party and the sheikh of the Hashid sheikhs
1922:
510:"The people of Yemen have come to you. They are weaker in heart and softer in understanding, faith is Yemeni and wisdom is Yemeni."
408:
so that the Arabs would perform the pilgrimage to it instead of to Mecca. He invaded Mecca in 570 AD, and was succeeded by his son
243:
3702:
Ben Adhari, Abu Al-Abbas Ahmed bin Muhammad (1980). Al-Bayan Al-Maghrib fi Brief News of the Kings of Andalusia and Morocco, p. 26
919:, Uday bin Uday al-Kindi and Amira bin al-Harith al-Hamdani were sent to fight Saleh. Ibn Masrah al-Tamimi al-Khariji was killed.
5999:
Ginny Hill and Gerd Nonneman, Yemen, Saudi Arabia and the Gulf States: Elite Politics, Street Protests and Regional Diplomacy p.9
5644:
5447:
1677:
spread among the Yemeni tribes, and revenge was not taken from the killer, but from any member of the clan to which he belonged.
1053:
as their capital. While the state of Banu Yaafar and its founder Yafar bin Abd al-Rahman al-Hawali was established, which is the
2149:
but it was soon able to gain the loyalty of the tribal leaders participating in the 26 September Revolution, especially Sheikh
864:
because they were his maternal uncles, But they pledged allegiance to Marwan bin al-Hakam on the condition that they hand over
6008:
1882:(left) with Ahmed bin Hussein al-Ghashmi al-Hashidi who assumed the presidency The country after the assassination of Al-Hamdi
5771:"Witness to the Age Program, "From the Imami to the Republic as Seen by Mohsen Al-Aini," Episode Six, Thursday 11/24/1425 AH"
5019:
3994:
2556:
140:
due to the significant influence wielded by tribal leaders and their deep integration into the various facets of the state.
2437:
4111:
1329:, and the tribe Al-Had'a who are from Murad, and Al-Qaraada'ah in Ma'rib who are also from Murad, and among them is Sheikh
5259:
3714:
5650:
5453:
681:
The path of migration to Yathrib; The most important Conquests of Muhammad and Conquests of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs.
4955:
Abdul-Wasa’i bin Yahya al-Wasa’i, History of Yemen, Yemeni House for Publishing and Distribution., Sana’a, pp. 322–323
4864:
D. Sayyed Salem, the book "Yemeni Documents: A Historical Documentary Study”, Al-Fanni Press, Cairo, 2nd Edition, 1985
4688:
The impact of the call of Sheikh Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab on literature and thought in the southern Arabian Peninsula
576:
bin Abi Sufyan He recommended that they be appointed judges and codifiers in that country over other tribes alongside
5800:
5159:
El-Khazraji, The pearl-strings: A history of the Resuliyy Dynasty of Yemen, Vols. I-V, Leiden & London 1906–1918.
5077:
3712:'An Ibadi lecture on the authority of Imam "Seeker of Truth" Abdullah bin Yahya Al-Kindi, may God be pleased with him
1153:) were able to extend their control over the entire Country of Yemen in the year 1654 In favor of the Zaidi Imamate.
1037:
Al-Umawi was established in the year 818, and it was a state nominally subordinate to the center of the caliphate in
861:
214:, and the sons of Ma`ad bin Adnan bin Ad, who took the Arabic language from the Arabs. Defunct. Qahtan and his group
58:
5536:
5022:
4873:
Sinan Abu Lahoum, Facts and Documents I Lived, Part Three, Al-Afif Cultural Foundation, Sana’a, 2006, pp. 164 – 165
2972:
40:
5602:"The Socialist Net – Text of Dr. Adel Al-Sharjabi's paper presented to the National Conference, "Yemen, Where to?"
5570:
588:
The situation of Yemen was stable during the days of what was known as the Rightly Rightly Guided Caliphate. The
5870:
See Muhammad An'am Ghalib, "Yemen, Land and People: The Economics of Yemen", Beirut, second edition, 1966, p. 60
5518:
5225:
The Palace and the Diwan "The Political Role For the tribe in Yemen," a group of researchers, Sana’a, 2009, p. 6
3167:
Petersen, Andrew (1999).Dictionary of Islamic Architecture. London; New York: Routledge. p.91 ISBN 0-415-21332-0
4810:
Informal actors in Yemen, Al Jazeera Center for Studies, April 2010, The tribe is an informal actor, p. 39. -42
2732:
Ahmed bin Muharib Al-Dhafiri, Happy Yemen in Distant History, Kuwaiti Al-Siyasa newspaper dated 15 July 2010 AD
1126:
their position towards Ayyubids, Until the Ayyubids were defeated in 1226 by the Zaidi tribes (Hashid, Bakeel,
1116:
Ali bin Muhammad al-Sulayhi the founder of the Sulayhid state, and he fought many battles with Zaidi Imams and
844:
1177:, and nothing is known about them, such as the tribes of "Fishan," “Dhu Ma’ahir," “Dhu Khalil," “Dhu Lahad," "
728:"You are the sons of wars, the raiders, the youth of the morning, the dead of the peers, and Madhhaj al-Ta'an"
5821:
5739:
Zaid bin Ali Al-Wazir, An Attempt to Understand the Yemeni Problem, Al-Resala Foundation, Dr. B, 1971, p. 152
5420:
5177:
5135:
5128:
4230:
2345:
1504:
and Mazhaj and appeared under this name in the late eighteenth century. They established several sultans in
2302:
2028:
1929:
was assassinated in 1977 one day before he headed to Aden to discuss unity with President Salem Rabie Ali.
1587:
1174:
4819:
Social, cultural, economic and political conditions in Hadhramaut 1918–1945 AD" Abdullah Al-Jaidi, (p. 25)
330:, which was able to form a system similar to federalism that included the four kingdoms and their tribes.
4570:(in Arabic) (first ed.). Indiana University, USA: General Book Authority, Dar Al-Kutub. p. 185.
3913:
Gabor Agoston; Bruce Alan Masters (2009). Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. Infobase Publishing. p. 603
2145:“Special Committee," a Saudi intelligence committee It was created to obstruct the Republic and save the
1435:), "Nahd" and "Adhrat" (Adhrah), but it was not mentioned as a single tribal bloc called "Otter" at all.
994:
the year 128 AH, but he was not motivated by tribal motives. He was considered one of the major imams of
616:
218:
when they settled in Yemen and mixed with the people there, and in a narration that he Arabized he spoke
32:
5951:"Saudi-Yemeni Relations: Internal Structures and Foreign Influence” (1990) Gregory Goss, Press] page 26
5850:
5605:
4660:(in Arabic) (first ed.). Center for Political and Strategic Studies – Research Center. p. 114.
4027:
Fischer, Wolfdietrich & Otto Jastrow, Handbuch der arabischen Dialekte. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz p.90
2157:, who had great influence and influence on the reality of political, social and economic life in Yemen.
1624:
and carry out what those of higher rank assign to them, such as summoning liabilities and documentation
420:
and Yemen continued to live in a state of political, tribal, religious, and intellectual fragmentation.
6102:
5931:
4792:
Fadl Abu Ghanem, The Tribal Structure in Yemen between Continuity and Change, Damascus, 1985, pp. 47–76
2053:
1558:
had a high social status in the tribes with which they were associated, and their primary function was
258:
he spoke Hebrew or Aramaic, so when he assimilated to the Yemenites, he learned their Arabic language.
4928:
Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad bin Khaldun, Introduction to Ibn Khaldun, Dar Al-Qalam, Beirut, 1981, p. 209
3738:
Ira Lapidus. A History of Islamic Societies. Cambridge University Press. 2002 ISBN 0-521-77056-4 p. 54
6112:
5296:
Adel Mujahid Al-Sharjabi, Urbanization and Tribal Structure in Yemen, previous reference, pp. 206–219
4882:
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4495:(in Arabic) (first ed.). Yemen: French Institute of Archeology and Social Sciences. p. 130.
3434:
and Ibrahim ibn Malik al-Ashtar met Balzab said: Who is this who is fighting me? It was said to him:
1496:
in the eastern desert of Yemen. Most of the families of the confederation trace their origins to the
1458:
977:
Tribal disputes broke out throughout the country, specifically between the Yamaniyya and Qays Aylan.
952:
605:
them, and Abu Bakr and Omar appointed him over Bahrain as the Prophet had appointed him before them.
2447:
2062:
1041:
and it extended its influence from Hilli bin Yaqoub south of Mecca passing through Michalaf Jerash (
242:, Hijaz and the north, and are descended from Ismail Ibn Ibrahim. This group arabized following the
4901:
Fadl Abu Ghanem, structure Tribalism in Yemen between Continuity and Change, Damascus, 1985, p. 206
4615:(in Arabic) (first ed.). Indiana University, USA: Karama Mubarak Suleiman Bammen. p. 201.
2011:
1955:
1951:
821:
463:
300:
238:
of the Levant; and the Maadis who descended from the son of Ma`ad Ibn Adnan Ibn Ad. They inhabited
2750:
The Beginning and the End – Part Two – Chapter on the Residence of Six Tribes from Sheba in Yemen.
6097:
2083:
1958:, with approximately thirty thousand militants loyal to him. According to the WikiLeaks document
1802:
1744:
1706:
1505:
1431:, which was mentioned as "Khulan," and " Dhi Khawlun", and other "Qada’i" tribes such as "Kalb" (
1337:
939:
772:
715:
572:
2321:
2075:
alone leads a force of 20,000 armed tribesmen in the war between the republic and the monarchy.
6107:
5667:
Yemen's Democracy Experiment in Regional Perspective: Patronage and Pluralized Authoritarianism
5234:
4731:
Yemen's democracy experiment in regional perspective: patronage and pluralized authoritarianism
4378:
Yemen's democracy experiment in regional perspective: patronage and pluralized authoritarianism
1895:
1851:
1836:
1825:
1798:
1789:
1529:
1513:
1509:
1477:
829:
658:
649:
526:
478:
207:, Tasm, Jadis, Umim, and Jassim. Abeel, the first urn, and Dabbar are occasionally included.
143:
Many tribes in Yemen have long histories, with some tracing their roots back to the era of the
6009:
Bernard Haykel,Saudi Arabia's Yemen Dilemma Foreign Policy magazine last retrieved DEC 12 2012
4828:
The tribal structure in Yemen between continuity and change" by Fadl Abu Ghanem, (pp. 213–214)
4090:
5748:
5417:
3855:
Bin Hatim, "The Expensive Scourge in the News of the Kings from the Conquest of Yemen," p. 25
3431:
2426:عبد الله عبد الكريم الجرافي، المقتطف من تاريخ اليمن، منشورات العصر الحديث، بيرون، طبعة2، 1987
2103:
1600:"intruder", and the term sheikh in Hadhramaut was limited to sheikhs of religious knowledge.
1380:
1221:
873:
817:
793:
760:
662:
the Persians. Likewise, Qais bin Makshuh al-Muradi was in command of the force that attacked
592:
divided the country of Yemen into four provinces, which are the other than Sana’a (including
452:
442:
322:
5494:
4755:
4585:(in Arabic) (first ed.). University of California, USA: World of Knowledge. p. 36.
1574:, and protection was provided to these groups of tribes due to the need for their services.
1074:
the Ziyad family, was killed by his loyalists Nafis and Najah, who established the state of
274:, then the arabs of Al-Mustajimah, and they were the ones who entered into the influence of
4910:
Muhammad Mohsen Al-Dhaheri, Tribe and Political Pluralism in Yemen, PhD thesis, pp. 297–298
1899:
1856:
1633:
1330:
1280:
869:
important battles that contributed to the development of tribal divisions among the Arabs.
5198:
Yemen's Democracy Experiment in Regional Perspective: Patronage and By Sarah Phillips p.89
4630:(in Arabic) (first ed.). Dar Al-Kalima for Publishing and Distribution. p. 1343.
2791:
2136:
1408:
not to the tribe was 70% higher than the population of Amran Governorate Al-Ahmar Centre.
8:
5353:
F. Gregory Gause. Saudi-Yemeni Relations: Domestic Structures and Foreign Influence p.112
4426:
PHILBY, H. ST. John B. – THE LAND OF SHEBA London: Royal Geographical Society, 1938 p.451
3991:
2194:
2024:
1968:
1963:
1829:
1493:
1481:
1062:
1030:
813:
687:
653:
636:
4158:
R. Khanam,Encyclopaedic Ethnography of Middle-East and Central Asia: A-I, Volume 1 p.442
4091:
Yemen's Democracy Experiment in Regional Perspective: Patronage and... By Sarah Phillips
3690:
1959:
1385:
608:
5627:
Education in Yemen: An Undeclared Emergency Field Farea Al-Muslimi to Al-Safir Al-Arabi
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4140:
F. Gregory Gause.Saudi-Yemeni Relations: Domestic Structures and Foreign Influence p.19
3176:
Lapidus, Ira M. (1988). A History of Islamic Societies. Cambridge University Press p.52
2519:
2482:
2219:
prepared by Jamal Sanad Al-Suwaidi, Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research.
2185:
recognized the Democratic Republic of Yemen, which was declared by the Whites in 1994.
2181:
2120:
2087:
1840:
1473:
1322:
1267:
1241:
856:
620:
589:
535:
416:
5699:"Yemen...The Revolution and the War until 1970 AD," Edgar Oplance, Madbouly Library –
5680:
Transformations in the Map of the Distribution of Political Power of the Yemeni Tribes
4407:
enc. Vol. 2, p. 655, Werner Caskel, die bedouinen in der geschichite der araber, s. 13
353:
The civilization of the Kingdom of Sheba began to disappear after the collapse of the
4126:
Encycle. Ethnography Of Middle-East And Central Asia (3 Vols. Set) By R. Khanam p.269
3904:
R.B. Serjeant & R. Lewcock, Sana'a'; An Arabian Islamic City. London 1983, p. 70.
3435:
2552:
2204:
2150:
2099:
2072:
2006:
1981:
1904:
1809:
1794:
1772:
1653:
1497:
1424:
1357:
1307:
1276:
1263:
1166:
1054:
966:
Sufyan bin Abdullah Al-Kindi, Ubadah bin Nasi Al-Kindi took over the governorship of
936:
927:
865:
837:
736:
The state of the Rightly Guided Caliphate after arbitration between Ali and Muawiyah:
645:
597:
474:
388:
362:
231:
152:
4108:
3895:
R.B. Serjeant & R. Lewcock, San'a'; An Arabian Islamic City. London 1983, p. 69
3765:
R.B. Serjeant & R. Lewcock, San'a'; An Arabian Islamic City, London 1983, p. 55
3711:
2165:
2146:
2094:
The army used the tribal militia in the six Saada wars against the rebel militias "
2020:
1998:
1943:
1926:
1917:
1891:
1887:
1879:
1868:
1722:
1641:
1637:
1254:
1141:
Mazhaj established a strong state, which is the state of Banu Tahir and their city
1138:
Qahtaniyah, their first homes in Yemen, and Adnaniyah, their first homes in Hijaz.
1097:
922:
In the year eighty AH, Abdul-Rahman bin Muhammad bin Al-Ash’ath Al-Kindi headed to
812:
with the exception of Hamdan which continued to mourn Hussein until the caliphate.
788:
711:
710:
Abdullah bin Aamer al-Hadrami assumed the governorship of Mecca during the days of
552:
517:
438:
397:
310:
304:
5751:, One Thousand Hours of War, Al-Yusr Library, Sana’a, second edition., 1995, p. 72
4690:(in Arabic). Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia. p. 107.
3992:
AF/ He swayed the earth: it dried up and did not produce growth. Simple Dictionary
3362:
I. Akram, The Muslim conquest of Egypt and North Africa. Ferozsons, 1977. Page 201
6050:
6015:
5916:
Adel Mujahid Al-Sharjabi, Urbanization and Tribal Structure in Yemen, pp. 196–221
5839:
5688:
5654:
5633:
5574:
5540:
5522:
5504:
5457:
5424:
5342:
5263:
5241:
5187:
5139:
5117:
5081:
5026:
4762:
4673:
The book of Sultan Badr bin Abdullah bin Jaafar Al-Kathiri, known as Abu Tuwayriq
4115:
4097:
3998:
3718:
3427:
2455:
2352:
2309:
1348:
clans in the desert of Iraq and Syria, which trace their origins back to Zubaid.
1108:
established several states for themselves in Yemen and large parts of Hamdan and
852:
825:
805:
704:
521:
490:
470:
393:
219:
83:
4455:(in Arabic) (first ed.). Egypt: Cairo: Dar Al-Afaq Al-Arabiya. p. 111.
4212:
Sabaean Insciptions from Mahram Bilqis (Marib). Professor Albert Rev Jamme p.318
4045:
Nikolaus Rhodokanakis,Altsab?ische Texte II. Nikolaus Altsab?ische Texte II p.64
2660:. Beirut – Lebanon: Jamal Printing and Publishing Establishment. pp. 15–16.
1805:
to some extent, but it is not as strong and influential as the northern tribes.
1472:
Yafa' played a role alongside other tribes in the October 14 Revolution against
1093:
5832:
5207:
Thomas Jerholm, Formation of Traditional Society, Internal and External Factors
5150:
Robert W. Stookey, Yemen: The politics of the Yemen Arab Republic, 1978, p. 116
4658:
Thanks for more on the beneficiary's intention in the news of the city of Zabid
2015:
1785:
1625:
1608:
691:
690:
in the conquest of Alexandria and the Yemenis were the majority of the army of
667:
601:
459:
5925:
5833:
Five people killed in a clash between al-Qaeda fighters and a militia in Yemen
5252:
6091:
6026:
Sinan Abu Lahm "Yemen: Facts and Documents I Lived Through,” Part Two, p. 146
4583:
The leader, Mr. Al-Habib Hussein bin Hamid Al-Mihdhar and the Qaiti Sultanate
3801:
Ibn al-Dubai’, the apple of the eyes, in the auspicious news of Yemen, p. 246
3774:
Stanley Lane Poole, The Mohammadan Dynasties, (Elibron Classics, 2006), p. 90
2199:
2161:
1925:
Salem Rabie Ali regarding Yemeni unity, and concluded arms deals with France
1761:
1501:
1449:
1389:
1341:
1318:
1250:
1205:
1182:
824:
and Habashi bin Qais al-Nahmi and Hanzalah bin Asaad al-Shabami (relative to
556:
544:
485:
358:
168:
160:
103:
5516:.php?lng=Arabic&id=45 Sheikh Abdullah in brief: An introductory overview
5364:
Ideology and Power in the Middle East: Studies in Honor of George Lenczowski
700:
448:
433:
282:
Qahtaniyah, their first homes in Yemen, and Adnaniyah, their first homes in
4520:
4259:
Le Museon Lxxvii, 3–4, 1964, P.429, 450, Ryckmans 535, Jamme 577, 578, 589.
3946:
Chrestomathia Arabica meridionalis epigraphica edita et glossario instructa
2886:
The Lion of the Jungle in the Knowledge of the Companions, Part Two, p. 621
2173:
1913:
1161:
555:
And it was said Ali ibn Abi Talib. He died in Kufa during the caliphate of
502:
151:
stabilized with the advent of Islam into four federations. The tribes are:
5074:
2768:
The Beginning and the End, Part Two, The Story of the People of the Groove
2226:
a group of researchers headed by Dr. Adel Mujahid Al-Shargbi, Sanaa, 2009
2111:
fight Al-Qaeda, and sometimes they fight battles as an alternative to it.
5533:
3866:
Al-Samat The precious in the news of the kings from the invasion in Yemen
2653:
2624:
2177:
2049:
1874:
1757:
1727:
1660:
1566:
1555:
1551:
1146:
1050:
1042:
370:
259:
215:
164:
5942:
Sarah Philips Yemen's Democracy Experiment in Regional Perspective p.100
4675:(in Arabic) (first ed.). Tarim Studies and Publishing. p. 101.
4440:(in Arabic) (fourteenth ed.). Dar Al-Afaq Al-Arabiyya. p. 233.
3263:
3261:
2451:
2106:. During the years 2004 – 2009 the government used it again in fighting
1603:
1317:
Mazhaj is historically divided into three sections: Saad clan, Ans, and
792:
he was from Allies of Muslim bin Aqeel, He was killed by the servant of
732:
3630:
3038:
2874:
2787:
1649:
1628:
and supervising the distribution of water irrigation, and other tasks.
986:
982:
916:
877:
848:
765:
671:
539:
361:, and the people of Ma'rib dispersed in the country, and the tribes of
267:
235:
185:
137:
116:
5567:
4640:
2978:
1652:, Sheikh Sadiq al-Ahmar was pledged allegiance, succeeding his father
1310:, and they were mentioned in the Al-Namara Inscription of the king of
309:
The tribal structure in ancient times was based on tribal unions: the
4525:(in Arabic) (first ed.). Beirut: Dar Alam Al-Kutub. p. 298.
3450:
3258:
2968:
2696:
Klaus Skipmann's History of the Ancient South Arabian Kingdoms, p. 98
2669:
2667:
2417:محمد محسن الظاهري، القبيلة والتعددية السياسية في اليمن، رسالة دكتوراة
1559:
1444:
1432:
1311:
1233:
their multiple sheikhdoms and their lack of stability in one family.
1178:
1173:
The Kingdom of Sheba included many tribes, mentioned in the texts of
1015:
971:
900: Areas conquered by the Umayyads for a period of time, then lost
851:
alongside Marwan bin Al-Hakam, and before that he was in the army of
677:
494:
421:
382:
354:
275:
271:
211:
189:
5305:
Ali Muhammad Al-Ulafi, Yemeni Texts, previous reference, pp. 215–222
5168:
Symposium on the Political Role of Tribes in Yemen, Abdul Bari Taher
4837:
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4540:(in Arabic) (first ed.). Dar Al-Andalus Al-Khadraa. p. 20.
4074:"The Tribes of Yemen: An Asset or Impediment to Stability? Part One"
3047:
2172:
In South Yemen, the circumstances were different. Relations between
342:
4670:
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3783:
H.C. Kay, Yaman: Its early medieval history, London 1892, pp. 225–7
2236:
Part Two, Al-Afif Cultural Foundation, Sana’a, second edition, 2006
2107:
1863:
1797:
in Southeast Asia, East Africa, and the Gulf. The Hadramis outside
1788:. There was no prominent political tribal role, so the policies of
1117:
1075:
612:
405:
385:
of Al-Diyaniyya, excavated a groove for them and set them on fire.
327:
318:
247:
196:
5721:"The Military History of Yemen 1839–1967 AD)," Sultan Naji, p. 256
5589:
The palace and the court: the political role of the tribe in Yemen
4510:(in Arabic) (first ed.). Beirut: Dar Al-Manahil. p. 298.
3922:
R.J. Gavin, Aden under British Rule, 1839–1967. London 1975, p. 19
3828:
Ibn Al-Dubai’ Qarat Al-Uyoun bi Akhbar Al-Yaman Al-Ma’imun, p. 304
3756:
H.C. Kay, Yaman: Its early medieval history, London 1892, p. 223-4
3086:
The People of Yemen in the Early Modern Islam, Abd al-Latif p. 110
2816:
Review Mahmoud Abbasi Al-Sharq Cooperative Press, Jerusalem, p. 25
2664:
1464:
1082:, and they enjoyed the support of the Caliphate center in Baghdad.
906: The Umayyad state during the reign of Marwan son of Mohammed
5988:
Saudi-Yemeni Relations: Domestic Structures and Foreign Influence
5975:
Saudi-Yemeni Relations: Domestic Structures and Foreign Influence
5962:
Revolution and Foreign Policy: The Case of South Yemen, 1967–1987
5515:
4744:
Revolution and Foreign Policy: The Case of South Yemen, 1967–1987
3948:(1931) Pubblicazioni dell'Istituto per l'Oriente p. 55 (4th line)
3340:
2636:
2610:
2548:
2511:
2095:
1685:
character, and hindered the development of modern civil society.
1681:
a consensual process that took place among members of the tribe.
1674:
1428:
1417:
1401:
1306:
tribe dates back to the second century BC. They were part of the
1150:
1131:
1109:
1038:
1022:
990:
881:
809:
720:
629:
498:
335:
314:
251:
156:
120:
4767:
4565:
4505:
2940:
Conquests of Egypt and its news – Al-Qurashi Al-Masry – Page 226
1721:
to exist. The situation of the Akhdams in Yemen is close to the
1582:
1404:
in their features and clothing, and have no relation to Himyar.
1344:
And many others. There are many tribes in Madhaj, including the
534:
Christians of Najran who came to visit Muhammad was a Canadian,
5449:
Yemen Corruption, Capital Flight and Global Drivers of Conflict
5131:
The marginalized' look forward to justice in the Yemen dialogue
4009:
David Heinrich Müller and J Mordtmann,Sab?ische Denkm?ler p.116
3077:
Book of Al-Futuh – Ahmad bin Athham Al-Kufi – Part 1 – Page 159
2977:(1 ed.). Scientific Books House. p. 6. Archived from
2648:
2646:
2639:: Jammal Printing and Publishing Establishment. pp. 46–47.
2632:
2606:
2544:
2507:
2474:
2154:
1717:
1546:
1345:
1326:
1288:
1194:
1122:
1113:
1105:
1079:
1046:
967:
931:
923:
777:
695:
663:
640:
593:
374:
227:
204:
200:
99:
5682:
Lebanese Al-Safir Al-Arabi Newspaper Accessed August 30, 2013
5111:
Turkey's Influence Divides Yemenis Farea Al-Muslami al-Monitor
4685:
4610:
3729:
Jaafar Al-Subhani, Research on Mills and Bees – Vol. 5, p. 321
3438:
He said: I left him yesterday as a boy playing in the bathroom
2838:
Al-Mufassal fi Tarikh Al-Arab Before Islam, Jawad Ali (1/2292)
2408:حمزة علي لقمان، تاريخ القبائل اليمنية، دار الكلمة، صنعاء، 1985
1886:
The June 13 Corrective Movement was led by Lieutenant Colonel
1011:
5700:
5651:/2013/10/yemen-tribes-revolution-politics-saleh.html Archived
5454:/files/public/Research/Middle%20East/0913r_yemen.pdf Archived
5377:
Regionalism and Rebellion in Yemen: A Troubled National Union
5276:
Regionalism and Rebellion in Yemen: A Troubled National Union
4553:
Social life and aspects of civilization in Saru Himyar, Yafa'
2243:
2125:
2036:
1909:
1844:
1709:
1621:
1620:
constitute executive authority in the tribe, as they collect
1596:
1571:
1216:
1198:
1142:
1112:
pledged allegiance to Imam Yahya bin Al-Hussein and left the
1066:
1058:
1026:
999:
995:
963:
943:
886:
781:
401:
366:
347:
326:
kingdoms before Islam, The strongest of these unions was the
283:
263:
255:
144:
133:
5061:
5059:
4714:
4490:
3618:
Ibn Qutaybah al-Dinouri, Imamate and Politics, vol. 2, p. 29
2643:
1636:
Chosen by members of their tribes, The same was true in the
6036:
6034:
6032:
4717:
Ithaf al-Rutut in Abbreviation and Indexing of Coffin Goods
3871:
3474:
Issar Al-Ain fi Ansar Al-Hussein, peace be upon him, p. 153
1284:
1085:
1070:
978:
959:
947:
912:
833:
548:
530:
409:
239:
5403:
Yemen Divided: The Story of a Failed State in South Arabia
5235:
Tribal Governance Nadwa Al-Dosari Accessed August 15, 2013
4643:
Sustenance in knowing the history of the Hadhramaut tribes
4600:(in Arabic) (first ed.). Dar Al-Hadithah. p. 77.
2847:
The Beginning and the End – Ibn Kathir – Part 5 – Page 117
1933:
detailed the military units on tribal and regional basis.
1089:
Jiblah Queen City Arwa Al-Sulaihi is a World Heritage Site
872:
Many of Hamdan and Nakha from Mazhaj and Bani Nahd joined
5056:
5036:
5034:
4580:
4550:
4538:
The shining planet in what was neglected in young history
4136:
4134:
4132:
3938:
1821:
577:
441:, one of the oldest Qur’an manuscripts, was found in the
167:. The Madhhaj tribe group consists of three tribes: Ans,
6029:
5967:
5648:
By: Farea al-Muslimi for Al-Monitor Posted on October 10
1808:
As for the state that was formed in the north after the
847:
played a major role in gathering the people of Yemen in
5760:
Memoirs of Sheikh Abdullah bin Hussein Al-Ahmar, p. 461
5101:
The Invention of the Jewish People By Shlomo Sand p.193
3792:
G. Rex Smith, "Islamic Revolutionary Invasion", p. 138.
2705:
David Heinrich Müller,Süd-arabische Studien (1877) p.34
5031:
4129:
4063:
Le Muséon: Revue d'Etudes Orientales, 1964, 3–4, P.476
1843:. They do not have the influence of the tribes around
1220:
clans, which is an ancient custom that has existed in
5496:
ROYG INSIDERS INCREASINGLY FRUSTRATED WITH SALEH CLAN
5331:
5329:
4595:
3691:
http://islamweb.net/newlibrary/showalam.php?ids=16294
2741:
The Beginning and the End/Part Two/The Story of Sheba
5556:
Yemen's Democracy Experiment in Regional Perspective
5443:
5441:
5179:
Bin Aboud: The tribe in Yemen is like a reserve army
4521:
Abu Al-Mundhir Hisham bin Al-Sa’ib Al-Kalbi (1988).
4358:
Nihayat al-Arb by al-Qalqashandi, Manuscript Q29 – 1
4268:
The Crown of the Bride by Mortada Al-Zubaidi (2/ 73)
4167:
W. Caskel, Entdeckungen in Arabien, Koln, 1954, S. 9
222:, so his tongue changed to Arabic, and he Arabized.
5797:"Toll hits 200 in battle with Qaeda for Yemen town"
4628:
Dictionary of Yemeni Countries and Tribes, Part Two
4613:
Thought and Society in Hadramaut, Republic of Yemen
4535:
4327:
Le Muséon: Revue d'Études Orientales 1964 3–4 p.465
4318:
Le Muséon: Revue d’Études Orientales 1964 3–4 p.451
4309:
Le Muséon: Revue d'Études Orientales 1964 3–4 p.477
2014:was behind this decision, to break the monopoly of
1936:
1169:, one of the kings of the Yemeni Himyarite Kingdom.
195:environment and volcanic eruptions. Its tribes are
5851:Three pilots killed in an ambush in southern Yemen
5413:
5411:
5326:
5287:Ali Muhammad al-Ulafi, Yemeni Texts, pp. 172 – 175
4625:
4203:Albert Jamme,Inscriptions from Mahram Bilqis p.164
4194:Albert Jamme. inscription from Mahram Bilqis p.137
4149:Albert Jamme, inscription from Mahram Bilqis P.137
3065:Al-Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah Al-Kufi, vol. 8, p. 15
2603:Meadows of Gold and Substantial Minerals, Part One
2601:Al-Masoudi, Abu Al-Hasan Ali Bin Al-Hasan (1965).
132:are the tribes residing within the borders of the
5438:
5390:The Conflicts in Yemen and U.S. National Security
4655:
4435:
4221:Albert Jamme,Inscription from Mahram Bilqis p.169
3886:Encyklopädie des Islam, III, Leiden 1936, p. 1217
1701:in the thirteenth century Gregorian calendar, by
346:The remains of the Kaaba of Abraha al-Habashi in
6089:
5826:
5558:P.96 Palgrave Macmillan, 2008 ISBN 0-230-61648-8
5451:Chatham House's report last retrieved Dec 8 2013
4686:Ibn Hussein, Muhammad bin Saad, edition (1984).
3017:Al-Isaba fi Ma’rifat al-Sahaba – (vol. 3 / p. 48
2949:The Sword and Politics – Saleh Al-Wardani p. 132
2372:J. E. Peterson, Tribes and Politics in Yemen p.2
2363:J. E. Peterson, Tribes and Politics in Yemen p.1
1595:Then the headmaster and the secretaries. In the
365:, Mazhaj, and Kanda remained in Yemen, Ash'ari,
5470:The Arab Uprisings: What Everyone Needs to Know
5408:
4475:
2454:: دار المعارف. pp. 618–626. Archived from
2260:, Al-Yusr Library, Sana’a, second edition, 1995
2131:
1519:
6042:A Saudi Disaster Story: Yemen's Unity by Force
5584:
5582:
5550:
5548:
5323:Sana'a, second edition, 2006, pp. 380–382
5181:Mareb Press History Accessed November 27, 2012
4508:Al-Akleel from Yemen News and Himyar Genealogy
4450:
4054:Lisan Al-Arab – Ibn Manzur – Part 11 – Page 63
2596:
2594:
2265:Yemen, Land and People: The Economics of Yemen
1839:assumed the presidency after the dismissal of
481:remained long before they converted to Islam.
4120:
3389:For the beginning and the end, vol. 8 – p. 61
3339:Ibn Asakir: 16 / 330 He said while he was in
3199:Healing love with the news of the Sacred City
2913:Al-Baladhuri, Futuh al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 400
2375:
2278:
1767:
547:. Many of Muawiyah's noble sons descended on
5020:Black is not thought beautiful The Economist
4671:Abdul Hakim Saleh Abdullah Al Amiri (2006).
4641:Mr. Abdul Rahman bin Ubaid Allah Al-Saqqaf.
1156:
5579:
5545:
5498:Wikileaks Cables last retrieved 28 nov 2013
5257:Al Jazeera Channel Accessed August 10, 2013
4992:The Social Segments of Al-Sharjabi (p. 230)
4568:History of the Tahirid State, 858 AH-945 AH
4389:De Lacy O'Leary,Arabia before Muhammad p.18
4347:Sur Une Mission Archéologique Dans Le Yémen
3104:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, pp. 752 – 753
2723:The Asian Journal, first issue 1874, p. 584
2652:
2623:
2591:
2444:History of the Apostles and Kings, Part One
2251:An Attempt to Understand the Yemeni Problem
2217:The 1994 Yemen War: Causes and Consequences
1946:, in organizing the distribution of funds.
1528:Although studies of genealogy see that the
1291:that still cling to their ancient lineage.
1245:Semi-Sabaean writing found in Qaryat al-Faw
1078:on the ruins of the state of Bani Ziyad in
753: Territories subject to Amr ibn al-Aas
210:The remaining Arabs are the descendants of
6044:Washington Post last retrieved 30 aug 2013
5133:Al Jazeera Net, accessed February 26, 2013
5122:
4719:(in Arabic) (First ed.). p. 115.
4700:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4289:Al-Mufassal fi Tarikh al-Arab before Islam
3546:(Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics p.326
3380:"History of Ibn Khaldun, vol. 4 – p. 2362"
3210:Al-Tarikh Al-Kabir, by Al-Bukhari / Part 3
3008:Ibn Makula, Ikmal al-Kamal, vol. 4, p. 347
2600:
2524:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2487:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
845:Al-Husayn bin Al-Numair Al-Sakuni Al-Kindi
82:
5010:"And Change" by Fadel Abu Ghanem (p. 193)
4645:(in Arabic) (first ed.). p. 50.
4566:Muhammad Ahmed Muqbil Al-Faisaly (2005).
4506:Abu Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdani (1987).
3672:>History of Al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1550
2967:
2780:
2178:The People's Democratic Republic of Yemen
1468:One of the Awaliq sheikhs in an old photo
1333:, the killer of Imam Yahya Hamid Al-Din.
583:
294:
59:Learn how and when to remove this message
5861:Edgar Oblans, previous reference, p. 192
5001:Social segments" by Al-Sharjabi (p. 259)
3957:Ibn Khaldun, His History, vol. 2, p. 252
3837:This is Yemen, Abdullah Al-Thawr, p. 294
3465:"History of al-Tabari Volume 1, p. 1292"
2922:History of al-Tabari, Part Three, p. 332
2575:[The tenth chapter of Genesis].
2538:
2501:
2468:
2240:Yemen.. Revolution and War until 1970 AD
2224:The Political Role of the Tribe in Yemen
2164:mentioned that the imprint of President
2135:
2061:
1873:
1862:
1820:
1771:
1602:
1581:
1577:
1463:
1384:
1240:
1185:and Mazhaj; the last two were Bedouins.
1160:
1092:
1084:
1021:
1010:
891:
731:
676:
607:
447:
432:
341:
244:Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula
5815:
4846:Social segments" by Al-Sharabi (p. 61 )
4611:Karama Mubarak Suleiman Bammen (2000).
3627:"History of al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1520"
3073:
3071:
3061:
3059:
3044:History of Ibn Khaldun, vol. 4 – p. 236
1880:Ibrahim bin Muhammad al-Hamdi al-Sarihi
1266:established in Najd The history of the
6090:
5907:Mohamed Mohsen Al Dhaheri, pp. 127–137
5053:History of Ibn Khaldun, vol. 4, p. 218
3501:Siyar A`lam al-Nubala’, vol. 3, p. 346
3095:"History of Al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 751"
2865:Al-Baladhuri, Futouh al-Buldan, p. 110
2654:Ibn Khaldun, Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad
2625:Ibn Khaldun, Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad
2436:الطبري, أبو جعفر محمد بن جرير (1960).
2435:
2429:
2043:
1975:
1816:
1688:
5421:.php?id=19460&lng=arabic Archived
5075:Here Amsterdam Accessed July 14, 2014
4715:Abi Abd al-Rahman al-Madhaji (2019).
4491:Muhammad Abdel Qader Bafaqih (2007).
4300:Jawad Ali Al-Mufassal, vol. 2, p. 519
3681:History of Al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1618
3663:History of al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1529
3654:History of Al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1524
3645:History of al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1523
3636:History of al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1521
3609:History of al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1469
3600:History of al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1447
3591:History of al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1443
3582:History of Al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1412
3564:History of al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1388
3555:History of al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1383
3537:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1328
3528:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1324
3519:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1306
3510:History of Al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1322
3492:History of al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1347
3483:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1293
3456:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1292
3447:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1319
3417:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1250
3398:History of Al-Tabari, vol. 1, c. 1245
3371:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1207
3330:History of Al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1203
3294:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1127
3285:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1093
3276:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1092
3267:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1088
3255:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1087
3246:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1076
3219:History of Al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1081
3158:History of al-Tabari Volume 1, p. 930
3035:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1309
2714:John Philby,Background of Islam p.142
2541:The History of the Arabs Before Islam
1923:People's Democratic Republic of Yemen
1912:to overthrow President Al-Hamdi, but
1065:, and the mountainous region between
1006:
911:When Abd al-Malik bin Marwan entered
5822:31 dead in Yemen fighting with Qaeda
5799:. CNN. 12 April 2012. Archived from
4523:Lineage of Ma'ad and the Great Yemen
3303:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1 p. 1129
3140:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 795
3131:History of Al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 793
3122:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 792
3113:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 786
3068:
3056:
3053:History of Al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 751
1061:and its surrounding countryside and
15:
5568:http://www.al-akhbar.com/node/10276
3149:History of al-Tabari, vol. 1 p. 935
2242:Edgar Aublance, Madbouly Library –
1776:The city of Saioun, Hadramout, 1955
1667:
1536:
768:Abdul-Rahman bin Muljam al-Muradi.
571:was reported that Muhammad ordered
484:As for the Bedouin tribes, such as
179:
13:
4581:Hamed Abi Bakr Al-Mihdhar (1983).
4551:Abdul-Ilah Salem Al-Dubai (2010).
4478:Geography of the Arabian Peninsula
3573:History Al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 1399
3312:History Al-Tabari, vol. 1, p. 1145
2931:Tabaqat bin Saad, Part One, p. 287
2675:The Political History of the Arabs
2539:Taqquush, Muhammad Suhail (2009).
2253:, Al-Resala Foundation, D.B., 1971
2234:Yemen: Facts and Documents I Lived
1692:
1331:Ali bin Nasser Al-Qardai Al-Muradi
820:, the most prominent of whom were
14:
6124:
4964:Varisco and Adra¬ op. cit¬ p 139.
4801:"The Palace and the Court, p. 16"
4250:Le Museon, 1964, 3–4, Pp.457, 498
3187:The Arab Conquest Of Egypt (1902)
2794:from the original on 5 March 2016
2005:The sheikh of the Hashid sheikhs
1738:
1586:Former sheikh of Hashid sheikhs,
1018:the stronghold of the Zaidi Imams
747: Regions subject to Muawiyah
428:
6075:
6066:
6020:
6002:
5993:
5980:
5954:
5945:
5936:
5919:
5910:
5901:
5891:
5882:
5873:
5864:
5855:
5844:
5789:
5763:
5754:
5742:
5733:
5724:
5715:
5706:
5693:
5672:
5659:
5638:
5620:
5594:
5561:
5527:
5509:
5488:
5475:
5462:
5429:
5395:
5382:
5369:
5356:
5347:
5317:
5308:
5299:
5290:
5281:
5268:
5246:
5228:
5219:
5210:
5201:
5192:
5171:
5162:
5153:
5144:
5104:
5095:
5086:
5068:
5047:
5013:
5004:
4995:
4986:
4976:
4967:
4958:
4949:
4940:
4931:
4922:
4913:
4904:
4895:
4885:
4876:
4867:
4858:
4849:
4840:
4831:
4822:
4813:
4804:
4795:
4786:
4776:
4749:
4736:
4723:
4708:
4679:
4664:
4649:
4634:
4619:
4604:
4589:
4574:
4559:
4544:
4529:
4514:
4499:
4484:
4469:
4459:
4444:
4429:
4420:
4410:
4401:
4392:
4383:
4370:
4361:
4352:
4339:
4330:
4321:
4312:
4303:
4294:
4281:
4271:
4262:
4253:
4244:
4235:
4224:
4215:
4206:
4197:
4188:
4179:
4170:
4161:
4152:
4143:
4102:
4084:
4066:
4057:
4048:
4039:
4030:
4021:
4012:
4003:
3985:
3973:
3960:
3951:
3925:
3916:
3907:
3898:
3889:
3880:
3858:
3849:
3840:
3831:
3822:
3813:
3804:
3795:
3786:
3777:
3768:
3759:
3750:
3741:
3732:
3723:
3705:
3696:
3684:
3675:
3666:
3657:
3648:
3639:
3621:
3612:
3603:
3594:
3585:
3576:
3567:
3558:
3549:
3540:
3531:
3522:
3513:
3504:
3495:
3486:
3477:
2877:, Ikmal al-Kamal, vol. 4, p. 347
2439:تاريخ الرسل والملوك، الجزء الأول
1937:The period of Ali Abdullah Saleh
339:if they fear an unknown future.
20:
4919:The Palace and the Diwan, p. 20
4773:The Palace and the Diwan, p. 16
4598:Westernization of Arab Heritage
4453:Political History of Hadhramaut
4438:Mirror of the Arabian Peninsula
3468:
3459:
3441:
3420:
3411:
3401:
3392:
3383:
3374:
3365:
3356:
3346:
3333:
3324:
3315:
3306:
3297:
3288:
3279:
3270:
3249:
3240:
3231:
3222:
3213:
3204:
3192:
3179:
3170:
3161:
3152:
3143:
3134:
3125:
3116:
3107:
3098:
3089:
3080:
3029:
3020:
3011:
3002:
2993:
2961:
2952:
2943:
2934:
2925:
2916:
2907:
2898:
2889:
2880:
2868:
2859:
2850:
2841:
2832:
2819:
2806:
2771:
2762:
2753:
2744:
2735:
2726:
2717:
2708:
2699:
2690:
2681:
2617:
2573:"الإصحاح العاشر من سفر التكوين"
2565:
2532:
2495:
2462:
2420:
2411:
2210:
1850:During the presidency of Judge
1745:the history of the modern state
1611:Sheikh of the sheikhs of Hashid
761:Muhammad bin Abi Bakr al-Siddiq
5730:Sharif Ismail, op. sit, p. 33.
4596:Muhammad Issa Salehia (2007).
3819:L’Arshi Bulugh al-Maram, p. 26
3810:Salibi, Kamal Suleiman (1980).
2999:Asad Al-Ghabah, vol. 1, p. 783
2613:: Dar Al-Andalus. p. 262.
2402:
2393:
2366:
2357:
2339:
2314:
2296:
1752:implementing the rule of law.
1045:) and even Aden and they made
855:who invaded Medina during the
648:and they are still there, and
1:
3693:Translated by Ubadah bin Nasi
2551:: Dar Al-Nafais. p. 30.
2271:
2151:Abdullah bin Hussein al-Ahmar
2073:Abdullah bin Hussein al-Ahmar
2007:Abdullah bin Hussein al-Ahmar
1982:Abdullah bin Hussein al-Ahmar
1905:Abdullah bin Hussein al-Ahmar
1374:
862:Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Muawiyah
632:and confronted Madad Al-Rum.
4536:Abdullah Al-Nakhibi (1999).
4493:Unification of ancient Yemen
4241:Blink The Companions, p. 43.
2829:Vol. 1, Book 46, Hadith 3935
2267:Beirut, second edition, 1966
2132:Saudi Arabia and the sheikhs
1828:The second president of the
1520:Traditional tribal structure
1487:
1423:located in the south of the
741: Regions subject to Ali
600:and Abu Bakr al-Siddiq sent
7:
4855:Al-Qasr and Al-Diwan, p. 21
4626:Ibrahim Al-Muqahfi (1985).
4231:The will of Himyar bin Saba
4036:Al-Mufassal, vol. 2, p. 350
2188:
1867:The assassinated president
1705:from the collection of the
1703:Yahya bin Mahmoud Al-Wasiti
1506:The Modern History of Yemen
1336:The Anas tribe is found in
799:
10:
6129:
5646:Tribes Still Rule in Yemen
5519:=arabic&id=45 Archived
4436:Ayoub Sabri Pasha (1999).
3968:South-Arabian Inscriptions
2047:
1790:The Yemeni Socialist Party
1768:In the south and Hadramaut
1442:
1415:
1411:
1378:
1355:
1302:The oldest mention of the
1248:
1192:
771:After the killing of Ali,
694:and they were Who planned
457:
298:
289:
183:
174:
3970:, Princeton, 1955, p. 508
3237:History of al-Tabari 5/23
3228:The Battle of Siffin: 245
2399:جواد علي المفصل ج 4 ص 420
2303:CIA World Factbook, Yemen
2258:One Thousand Hours of War
2153:Sheikh of the Sheikhs of
2098:" in the governorates of
2054:Yemeni Popular Committees
1459:Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab
1438:
1351:
1297:
1283:, and there are clans in
1188:
1157:An overview of the tribes
953:Battle of Dayr al-Jamajim
838:Revolution of the Tawabin
619:and his origins are from
115:
110:
98:
93:
81:
6059:
5065:The History of Aden p.49
4761:10 February 2017 at the
4756:Chart: The Awlaki Tribes
4476:Omar Reda Kahla (1966).
3717:28 December 2015 at the
2777:Majmal al-Tarikh, p. 171
2256:Abdul Wali Al-Shammiri,
2012:Ahmed Ali Abdullah Saleh
1952:Ahmed Ali Abdullah Saleh
1236:
497:tribes and Nakha`, from
464:Islamic history of Yemen
301:Ancient history of Yemen
5653:21 October 2016 at the
5573:19 October 2017 at the
5503:19 October 2015 at the
5481:Muriel Mirak-Weissbach
5262:11 October 2016 at the
4656:Abdul Rahman Al-Debaa.
4451:Salah Al-Bakri (2001).
4096:21 October 2014 at the
3997:17 January 2015 at the
2974:Conquests of the Levant
2856:Futuh Al-Buldan, p. 106
2502:Farroukh, Omar (1964).
2469:Farroukh, Omar (1964).
2249:Zaid bin Ali Al-Wazir,
1956:Yemeni Republican Guard
1896:Abd al-Rahman al-Iryani
1852:Abd al-Rahman al-Iryani
1810:26 September Revolution
1707:France National Library
1392:, which is now a museum
1312:The Kingdom of Al-Hirah
940:Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
773:Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan
716:The Battle of the Camel
573:Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan
5456:8 October 2013 at the
5040:Dr Z H Kour, Z.H. Kou,
5025:July 15, 2017, at the
3979:Conti Rossini, Carlo,
3944:Conti Rossini, Carlo,
2477:– Lebanon. p. 45.
2326:www.globalsecurity.org
2263:Muhammad Anam Ghalib,
2141:
2067:
1883:
1871:
1837:Abdul Rahman al-Eryani
1832:
1826:Abdul Rahman al-Eryani
1777:
1712:
1612:
1591:
1514:Lower Aulaqi Sultanate
1510:Upper Aulaqi Sultanate
1478:Yemeni Socialist Party
1469:
1393:
1275:are located in Yemen,
1246:
1170:
1101:
1090:
1033:
1019:
908:
755:
730:
682:
624:
584:The Rashidun Caliphate
568:
512:
455:
445:
350:
295:Ancient tribal history
230:, as mentioned in the
6049:2 August 2017 at the
6014:30 March 2015 at the
5749:Abdul Wali Al-Shamiri
5687:10 March 2016 at the
5539:22 April 2020 at the
5521:2 August 2016 at the
5255:Has Spring Passed By?
3436:Ibrahim bin Al-Ashtar
3432:Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad
2351:19 March 2014 at the
2160:The Irish researcher
2139:
2065:
1877:
1866:
1824:
1775:
1696:
1606:
1585:
1578:Distribution of power
1474:the British colonizer
1467:
1388:
1381:Kingdom of Hadhramaut
1244:
1222:the Arabian Peninsula
1164:
1096:
1088:
1025:
1014:
895:
874:Al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi
818:The Battle of Karbala
794:Ubaid Allah bin Ziyad
735:
726:
680:
613:Muhammad bin Abi Amer
611:
561:
508:
453:Great Mosque of Sanaa
451:
443:Great Mosque of Sanaa
436:
345:
5838:21 June 2017 at the
5632:5 March 2016 at the
5423:6 March 2016 at the
5362:Peter J. Chelkowski,
5341:6 March 2016 at the
5240:6 March 2016 at the
5186:6 March 2016 at the
5080:19 June 2013 at the
2812:Israel Abu Dhu’ayb,
2471:History of Ignorance
2066:National Guard camps
1697:The slave market in
1281:United Arab Emirates
822:Abu Thumama al-Saidi
383:Dhu Nuwas al-Himyari
5608:on 15 February 2015
5042:The History of Aden
4398:Muruj Gold (1/300).
4367:Ibn Khaldun "2/257"
2969:Al-Waqidi, Muhammad
2504:Pre-Islamic History
2446:] (in Arabic).
2195:Population of Yemen
2044:Tribes and the army
1976:Post-unity republic
1969:Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar
1964:Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar
1830:Yemen Arab Republic
1817:Yemen Arab Republic
1689:Marginalized groups
1638:Al-Wahidi Sultanate
1494:Shabwah Governorate
1482:Ali Nasser Muhammad
1031:World Heritage Site
814:Marwan ibn al-Hakam
688:Omar ibn al-Khattab
659:Al-Ash'ath Ibn Qays
654:Omar Ibn Al-Khattab
637:Saad bin Abi Waqqas
623:in present-day Taiz
527:Al-Ash’ath ibn Qays
479:Abu Musa Al-Ash’ari
78:
5986:F. Gregory Gause.
5973:F. Gregory Gause.
5803:on 30 January 2016
5483:Madmen at the Helm
5388:W. Andrew Terrill,
5138:2013-11-09 at the
5116:2017-02-18 at the
4185:Ibn Khaldun 2/257.
4114:2016-03-10 at the
3933:Kings of the Arabs
3185:Butler, Alfred J.
2308:2018-01-29 at the
2232:Sinan Abu Lahoum,
2222:Palace and Diwan,
2142:
2084:Summer War of 1994
2068:
1884:
1872:
1841:Abdullah Al-Sallal
1833:
1803:Summer War of 1994
1778:
1713:
1613:
1592:
1470:
1394:
1323:Ali Abdullah Saleh
1247:
1215:Hamdan resides in
1171:
1102:
1091:
1034:
1020:
1007:Yemeni mini-states
909:
857:Battle of al-Harra
810:Yazid bin Muawiyah
756:
683:
625:
590:Rashidun Caliphate
536:Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq
456:
446:
417:Saif bin Dhi Yazan
351:
76:
39:You can assist by
6103:Yemeni revolution
4742:By Fred Halliday.
4080:on 16 March 2020.
3430:5/152, that when
3426:It was stated in
2981:on 19 August 2017
2827:Jami` at-Tirmidhi
2558:978-9953-18-465-4
2389:on 16 March 2020.
2292:on 16 March 2020.
2205:Politics of Yemen
2182:Ali Salem al-Bayd
2121:Ali Salem Al-Baid
2088:Ali Salem Al-Bayd
1654:Abdullah al-Ahmar
1588:Abdullah al-Ahmar
1567:Agricultural work
1358:Kingdom of Himyar
1308:Kingdom of Kindah
1277:Sultanate of Oman
1264:Kingdom of Kindah
1167:Dhamar Ali Yahbur
1165:Copper statue of
928:Kingdom of Kindah
598:Islamic conquests
475:Ali ibn Abi Talib
134:Republic of Yemen
126:
125:
69:
68:
61:
6120:
6113:Tribes of Arabia
6082:
6079:
6073:
6070:
6053:
6038:
6027:
6024:
6018:
6006:
6000:
5997:
5991:
5984:
5978:
5971:
5965:
5958:
5952:
5949:
5943:
5940:
5934:
5928:
5923:
5917:
5914:
5908:
5905:
5899:
5895:
5889:
5886:
5880:
5877:
5871:
5868:
5862:
5859:
5853:
5848:
5842:
5830:
5824:
5819:
5813:
5812:
5810:
5808:
5793:
5787:
5786:
5784:
5782:
5773:. Archived from
5767:
5761:
5758:
5752:
5746:
5740:
5737:
5731:
5728:
5722:
5719:
5713:
5710:
5704:
5703:– 1990AD, p. 186
5697:
5691:
5676:
5670:
5663:
5657:
5642:
5636:
5624:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5613:
5604:. Archived from
5598:
5592:
5586:
5577:
5565:
5559:
5554:Sarah Phillips
5552:
5543:
5531:
5525:
5513:
5507:
5492:
5486:
5479:
5473:
5468:James L. Gelvin
5466:
5460:
5445:
5436:
5433:
5427:
5415:
5406:
5399:
5393:
5386:
5380:
5373:
5367:
5360:
5354:
5351:
5345:
5333:
5324:
5321:
5315:
5312:
5306:
5303:
5297:
5294:
5288:
5285:
5279:
5272:
5266:
5250:
5244:
5232:
5226:
5223:
5217:
5214:
5208:
5205:
5199:
5196:
5190:
5175:
5169:
5166:
5160:
5157:
5151:
5148:
5142:
5126:
5120:
5108:
5102:
5099:
5093:
5090:
5084:
5072:
5066:
5063:
5054:
5051:
5045:
5038:
5029:
5017:
5011:
5008:
5002:
4999:
4993:
4990:
4984:
4980:
4974:
4971:
4965:
4962:
4956:
4953:
4947:
4944:
4938:
4935:
4929:
4926:
4920:
4917:
4911:
4908:
4902:
4899:
4893:
4889:
4883:
4880:
4874:
4871:
4865:
4862:
4856:
4853:
4847:
4844:
4838:
4835:
4829:
4826:
4820:
4817:
4811:
4808:
4802:
4799:
4793:
4790:
4784:
4780:
4774:
4771:
4765:
4753:
4747:
4740:
4734:
4729:Sarah Phillips,
4727:
4721:
4720:
4712:
4706:
4705:
4699:
4691:
4683:
4677:
4676:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4653:
4647:
4646:
4638:
4632:
4631:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4608:
4602:
4601:
4593:
4587:
4586:
4578:
4572:
4571:
4563:
4557:
4556:
4548:
4542:
4541:
4533:
4527:
4526:
4518:
4512:
4511:
4503:
4497:
4496:
4488:
4482:
4481:
4473:
4467:
4463:
4457:
4456:
4448:
4442:
4441:
4433:
4427:
4424:
4418:
4414:
4408:
4405:
4399:
4396:
4390:
4387:
4381:
4376:Sarah Phillips.
4374:
4368:
4365:
4359:
4356:
4350:
4343:
4337:
4334:
4328:
4325:
4319:
4316:
4310:
4307:
4301:
4298:
4292:
4285:
4279:
4275:
4269:
4266:
4260:
4257:
4251:
4248:
4242:
4239:
4233:
4228:
4222:
4219:
4213:
4210:
4204:
4201:
4195:
4192:
4186:
4183:
4177:
4174:
4168:
4165:
4159:
4156:
4150:
4147:
4141:
4138:
4127:
4124:
4118:
4106:
4100:
4088:
4082:
4081:
4076:. Archived from
4070:
4064:
4061:
4055:
4052:
4046:
4043:
4037:
4034:
4028:
4025:
4019:
4016:
4010:
4007:
4001:
3989:
3983:
3977:
3971:
3964:
3958:
3955:
3949:
3942:
3936:
3929:
3923:
3920:
3914:
3911:
3905:
3902:
3896:
3893:
3887:
3884:
3878:
3875:
3869:
3862:
3856:
3853:
3847:
3844:
3838:
3835:
3829:
3826:
3820:
3817:
3811:
3808:
3802:
3799:
3793:
3790:
3784:
3781:
3775:
3772:
3766:
3763:
3757:
3754:
3748:
3745:
3739:
3736:
3730:
3727:
3721:
3709:
3703:
3700:
3694:
3688:
3682:
3679:
3673:
3670:
3664:
3661:
3655:
3652:
3646:
3643:
3637:
3634:
3628:
3625:
3619:
3616:
3610:
3607:
3601:
3598:
3592:
3589:
3583:
3580:
3574:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3556:
3553:
3547:
3544:
3538:
3535:
3529:
3526:
3520:
3517:
3511:
3508:
3502:
3499:
3493:
3490:
3484:
3481:
3475:
3472:
3466:
3463:
3457:
3454:
3448:
3445:
3439:
3424:
3418:
3415:
3409:
3405:
3399:
3396:
3390:
3387:
3381:
3378:
3372:
3369:
3363:
3360:
3354:
3350:
3344:
3337:
3331:
3328:
3322:
3319:
3313:
3310:
3304:
3301:
3295:
3292:
3286:
3283:
3277:
3274:
3268:
3265:
3256:
3253:
3247:
3244:
3238:
3235:
3229:
3226:
3220:
3217:
3211:
3208:
3202:
3201:, vol. 2, p. 165
3196:
3190:
3183:
3177:
3174:
3168:
3165:
3159:
3156:
3150:
3147:
3141:
3138:
3132:
3129:
3123:
3120:
3114:
3111:
3105:
3102:
3096:
3093:
3087:
3084:
3078:
3075:
3066:
3063:
3054:
3051:
3045:
3042:
3036:
3033:
3027:
3024:
3018:
3015:
3009:
3006:
3000:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2965:
2959:
2956:
2950:
2947:
2941:
2938:
2932:
2929:
2923:
2920:
2914:
2911:
2905:
2902:
2896:
2893:
2887:
2884:
2878:
2872:
2866:
2863:
2857:
2854:
2848:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2830:
2823:
2817:
2810:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2784:
2778:
2775:
2769:
2766:
2760:
2757:
2751:
2748:
2742:
2739:
2733:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2706:
2703:
2697:
2694:
2688:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2671:
2662:
2661:
2650:
2641:
2640:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2598:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2523:
2515:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2486:
2478:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2458:on 8 April 2022.
2433:
2427:
2424:
2418:
2415:
2409:
2406:
2400:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2385:. Archived from
2379:
2373:
2370:
2364:
2361:
2355:
2343:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2318:
2312:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2288:. Archived from
2282:
2166:Ibrahim al-Hamdi
2147:Kingdom of Yemen
2029:Political Crisis
2025:Ali Mohsen Saleh
1944:Ibrahim al-Hamdi
1927:Ibrahim al-Hamdi
1918:Ibrahim al-Hamdi
1894:overthrew Judge
1892:Ibrahim al-Hamdi
1890:, and President
1888:Ibrahim al-Hamdi
1869:Ibrahim al-Hamdi
1795:Hadrami diaspora
1764:in the country.
1718:The Marginalized
1668:Social relations
1537:Social structure
1255:Kingdom of Kinda
1098:Al-Qahira Castle
905:
899:
789:Muslim bin Aqeel
752:
746:
740:
712:Othman bin Affan
553:Uthman ibn Affan
518:al-Aswad Al-Ansi
439:Sanaa manuscript
404:in Sanaa called
311:Kingdom of Sheba
305:Kingdom of Sheba
270:, Ghasasna, and
246:became known as
236:Musta'arabi Jews
212:Yarub bin Qahtan
180:Classes of Arabs
145:Kingdom of Sheba
88:Yemeni Tribesmen
86:
79:
75:
64:
57:
53:
50:
44:
24:
23:
16:
6128:
6127:
6123:
6122:
6121:
6119:
6118:
6117:
6088:
6087:
6086:
6085:
6080:
6076:
6071:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6056:
6051:Wayback Machine
6039:
6030:
6025:
6021:
6016:Wayback Machine
6007:
6003:
5998:
5994:
5985:
5981:
5972:
5968:
5959:
5955:
5950:
5946:
5941:
5937:
5926:
5924:
5920:
5915:
5911:
5906:
5902:
5896:
5892:
5887:
5883:
5878:
5874:
5869:
5865:
5860:
5856:
5849:
5845:
5840:Wayback Machine
5831:
5827:
5820:
5816:
5806:
5804:
5795:
5794:
5790:
5780:
5778:
5777:on 6 March 2016
5769:
5768:
5764:
5759:
5755:
5747:
5743:
5738:
5734:
5729:
5725:
5720:
5716:
5711:
5707:
5698:
5694:
5689:Wayback Machine
5677:
5673:
5665:Sarah Phillips,
5664:
5660:
5655:Wayback Machine
5643:
5639:
5634:Wayback Machine
5625:
5621:
5611:
5609:
5600:
5599:
5595:
5587:
5580:
5575:Wayback Machine
5566:
5562:
5553:
5546:
5541:Wayback Machine
5532:
5528:
5523:Wayback Machine
5514:
5510:
5505:Wayback Machine
5493:
5489:
5480:
5476:
5467:
5463:
5458:Wayback Machine
5446:
5439:
5434:
5430:
5425:Wayback Machine
5416:
5409:
5400:
5396:
5387:
5383:
5375:Stephen W. Day,
5374:
5370:
5361:
5357:
5352:
5348:
5343:Wayback Machine
5334:
5327:
5322:
5318:
5313:
5309:
5304:
5300:
5295:
5291:
5286:
5282:
5274:Stephen W. Day,
5273:
5269:
5264:Wayback Machine
5251:
5247:
5242:Wayback Machine
5233:
5229:
5224:
5220:
5215:
5211:
5206:
5202:
5197:
5193:
5188:Wayback Machine
5176:
5172:
5167:
5163:
5158:
5154:
5149:
5145:
5140:Wayback Machine
5127:
5123:
5118:Wayback Machine
5109:
5105:
5100:
5096:
5091:
5087:
5082:Wayback Machine
5073:
5069:
5064:
5057:
5052:
5048:
5039:
5032:
5027:Wayback Machine
5018:
5014:
5009:
5005:
5000:
4996:
4991:
4987:
4981:
4977:
4972:
4968:
4963:
4959:
4954:
4950:
4945:
4941:
4936:
4932:
4927:
4923:
4918:
4914:
4909:
4905:
4900:
4896:
4890:
4886:
4881:
4877:
4872:
4868:
4863:
4859:
4854:
4850:
4845:
4841:
4836:
4832:
4827:
4823:
4818:
4814:
4809:
4805:
4800:
4796:
4791:
4787:
4781:
4777:
4772:
4768:
4763:Wayback Machine
4754:
4750:
4741:
4737:
4728:
4724:
4713:
4709:
4693:
4692:
4684:
4680:
4669:
4665:
4654:
4650:
4639:
4635:
4624:
4620:
4609:
4605:
4594:
4590:
4579:
4575:
4564:
4560:
4549:
4545:
4534:
4530:
4519:
4515:
4504:
4500:
4489:
4485:
4474:
4470:
4464:
4460:
4449:
4445:
4434:
4430:
4425:
4421:
4415:
4411:
4406:
4402:
4397:
4393:
4388:
4384:
4375:
4371:
4366:
4362:
4357:
4353:
4345:Joseph Halévy,
4344:
4340:
4335:
4331:
4326:
4322:
4317:
4313:
4308:
4304:
4299:
4295:
4286:
4282:
4276:
4272:
4267:
4263:
4258:
4254:
4249:
4245:
4240:
4236:
4229:
4225:
4220:
4216:
4211:
4207:
4202:
4198:
4193:
4189:
4184:
4180:
4175:
4171:
4166:
4162:
4157:
4153:
4148:
4144:
4139:
4130:
4125:
4121:
4116:Wayback Machine
4107:
4103:
4098:Wayback Machine
4089:
4085:
4072:
4071:
4067:
4062:
4058:
4053:
4049:
4044:
4040:
4035:
4031:
4026:
4022:
4017:
4013:
4008:
4004:
3999:Wayback Machine
3990:
3986:
3978:
3974:
3965:
3961:
3956:
3952:
3943:
3939:
3931:Amin al-Rihani
3930:
3926:
3921:
3917:
3912:
3908:
3903:
3899:
3894:
3890:
3885:
3881:
3876:
3872:
3863:
3859:
3854:
3850:
3845:
3841:
3836:
3832:
3827:
3823:
3818:
3814:
3809:
3805:
3800:
3796:
3791:
3787:
3782:
3778:
3773:
3769:
3764:
3760:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3742:
3737:
3733:
3728:
3724:
3719:Wayback Machine
3710:
3706:
3701:
3697:
3689:
3685:
3680:
3676:
3671:
3667:
3662:
3658:
3653:
3649:
3644:
3640:
3635:
3631:
3626:
3622:
3617:
3613:
3608:
3604:
3599:
3595:
3590:
3586:
3581:
3577:
3572:
3568:
3563:
3559:
3554:
3550:
3545:
3541:
3536:
3532:
3527:
3523:
3518:
3514:
3509:
3505:
3500:
3496:
3491:
3487:
3482:
3478:
3473:
3469:
3464:
3460:
3455:
3451:
3446:
3442:
3428:Al-Iqd al-Farid
3425:
3421:
3416:
3412:
3406:
3402:
3397:
3393:
3388:
3384:
3379:
3375:
3370:
3366:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3347:
3338:
3334:
3329:
3325:
3320:
3316:
3311:
3307:
3302:
3298:
3293:
3289:
3284:
3280:
3275:
3271:
3266:
3259:
3254:
3250:
3245:
3241:
3236:
3232:
3227:
3223:
3218:
3214:
3209:
3205:
3197:
3193:
3184:
3180:
3175:
3171:
3166:
3162:
3157:
3153:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3135:
3130:
3126:
3121:
3117:
3112:
3108:
3103:
3099:
3094:
3090:
3085:
3081:
3076:
3069:
3064:
3057:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3039:
3034:
3030:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3012:
3007:
3003:
2998:
2994:
2984:
2982:
2966:
2962:
2957:
2953:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2935:
2930:
2926:
2921:
2917:
2912:
2908:
2903:
2899:
2894:
2890:
2885:
2881:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2860:
2855:
2851:
2846:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2824:
2820:
2811:
2807:
2797:
2795:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2772:
2767:
2763:
2758:
2754:
2749:
2745:
2740:
2736:
2731:
2727:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2695:
2691:
2686:
2682:
2673:
2672:
2665:
2651:
2644:
2622:
2618:
2599:
2592:
2582:
2580:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2559:
2537:
2533:
2517:
2516:
2500:
2496:
2480:
2479:
2467:
2463:
2434:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2398:
2394:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2371:
2367:
2362:
2358:
2353:Wayback Machine
2344:
2340:
2330:
2328:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2310:Wayback Machine
2301:
2297:
2284:
2283:
2279:
2274:
2213:
2191:
2134:
2056:
2046:
1978:
1939:
1819:
1770:
1741:
1691:
1670:
1590:(right) in 1965
1580:
1539:
1522:
1490:
1447:
1441:
1420:
1414:
1383:
1377:
1360:
1354:
1300:
1257:
1239:
1201:
1191:
1159:
1009:
907:
903:
901:
897:
853:Muslim bin Uqba
826:Shibam Kawkaban
806:Hussein bin Ali
802:
754:
750:
748:
744:
742:
738:
586:
466:
431:
307:
297:
292:
250:; because when
192:
182:
177:
130:Tribes of Yemen
89:
77:Tribes of Yemen
74:
65:
54:
48:
45:
38:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
6126:
6116:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6098:Social classes
6084:
6083:
6074:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6055:
6054:
6028:
6019:
6001:
5992:
5979:
5966:
5960:Fred Halliday,
5953:
5944:
5935:
5918:
5909:
5900:
5890:
5881:
5872:
5863:
5854:
5843:
5825:
5814:
5788:
5762:
5753:
5741:
5732:
5723:
5714:
5705:
5692:
5671:
5658:
5637:
5619:
5593:
5578:
5560:
5544:
5526:
5508:
5487:
5474:
5461:
5437:
5428:
5407:
5401:Noel Brehony,
5394:
5381:
5368:
5355:
5346:
5325:
5316:
5307:
5298:
5289:
5280:
5267:
5245:
5227:
5218:
5209:
5200:
5191:
5170:
5161:
5152:
5143:
5121:
5103:
5094:
5085:
5067:
5055:
5046:
5030:
5012:
5003:
4994:
4985:
4975:
4966:
4957:
4948:
4939:
4930:
4921:
4912:
4903:
4894:
4884:
4875:
4866:
4857:
4848:
4839:
4830:
4821:
4812:
4803:
4794:
4785:
4775:
4766:
4748:
4735:
4722:
4707:
4678:
4663:
4648:
4633:
4618:
4603:
4588:
4573:
4558:
4543:
4528:
4513:
4498:
4483:
4480:. p. 328.
4468:
4458:
4443:
4428:
4419:
4409:
4400:
4391:
4382:
4369:
4360:
4351:
4338:
4329:
4320:
4311:
4302:
4293:
4280:
4270:
4261:
4252:
4243:
4234:
4223:
4214:
4205:
4196:
4187:
4178:
4169:
4160:
4151:
4142:
4128:
4119:
4101:
4083:
4065:
4056:
4047:
4038:
4029:
4020:
4011:
4002:
3984:
3972:
3959:
3950:
3937:
3924:
3915:
3906:
3897:
3888:
3879:
3870:
3857:
3848:
3839:
3830:
3821:
3812:
3803:
3794:
3785:
3776:
3767:
3758:
3749:
3740:
3731:
3722:
3704:
3695:
3683:
3674:
3665:
3656:
3647:
3638:
3629:
3620:
3611:
3602:
3593:
3584:
3575:
3566:
3557:
3548:
3539:
3530:
3521:
3512:
3503:
3494:
3485:
3476:
3467:
3458:
3449:
3440:
3419:
3410:
3400:
3391:
3382:
3373:
3364:
3355:
3345:
3332:
3323:
3314:
3305:
3296:
3287:
3278:
3269:
3257:
3248:
3239:
3230:
3221:
3212:
3203:
3191:
3178:
3169:
3160:
3151:
3142:
3133:
3124:
3115:
3106:
3097:
3088:
3079:
3067:
3055:
3046:
3037:
3028:
3019:
3010:
3001:
2992:
2960:
2951:
2942:
2933:
2924:
2915:
2906:
2897:
2888:
2879:
2867:
2858:
2849:
2840:
2831:
2818:
2805:
2779:
2770:
2761:
2752:
2743:
2734:
2725:
2716:
2707:
2698:
2689:
2680:
2663:
2642:
2616:
2590:
2564:
2557:
2531:
2494:
2461:
2428:
2419:
2410:
2401:
2392:
2374:
2365:
2356:
2338:
2313:
2295:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2237:
2230:
2220:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2190:
2187:
2133:
2130:
2045:
2042:
2016:Hamid Al-Ahmar
1977:
1974:
1938:
1935:
1900:Mohsen Al-Aini
1857:Mohsen Al-Aini
1818:
1815:
1786:national state
1769:
1766:
1740:
1739:Political role
1737:
1690:
1687:
1669:
1666:
1609:Sadiq al-Ahmar
1579:
1576:
1554:occupied The
1538:
1535:
1521:
1518:
1489:
1486:
1440:
1437:
1413:
1410:
1376:
1373:
1353:
1350:
1299:
1296:
1238:
1235:
1190:
1187:
1158:
1155:
1008:
1005:
902:
896:
801:
798:
784:and Crenasia.
749:
743:
737:
692:Amr ibn al-Aas
668:Persian Empire
602:Anas bin Malik
585:
582:
522:Al-Jund Mosque
460:Islam in Yemen
430:
429:Muhammad's era
427:
296:
293:
291:
288:
181:
178:
176:
173:
124:
123:
113:
112:
108:
107:
96:
95:
91:
90:
87:
72:
67:
66:
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6125:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6108:Yemeni tribes
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6095:
6093:
6078:
6069:
6065:
6052:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6037:
6035:
6033:
6023:
6017:
6013:
6010:
6005:
5996:
5989:
5983:
5976:
5970:
5963:
5957:
5948:
5939:
5933:
5929:
5922:
5913:
5904:
5894:
5885:
5876:
5867:
5858:
5852:
5847:
5841:
5837:
5834:
5829:
5823:
5818:
5802:
5798:
5792:
5776:
5772:
5766:
5757:
5750:
5745:
5736:
5727:
5718:
5709:
5702:
5696:
5690:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5675:
5668:
5662:
5656:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5641:
5635:
5631:
5628:
5623:
5607:
5603:
5597:
5590:
5585:
5583:
5576:
5572:
5569:
5564:
5557:
5551:
5549:
5542:
5538:
5535:
5530:
5524:
5520:
5517:
5512:
5506:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5491:
5484:
5478:
5471:
5465:
5459:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5444:
5442:
5432:
5426:
5422:
5419:
5414:
5412:
5404:
5398:
5391:
5385:
5378:
5372:
5365:
5359:
5350:
5344:
5340:
5337:
5332:
5330:
5320:
5311:
5302:
5293:
5284:
5277:
5271:
5265:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5249:
5243:
5239:
5236:
5231:
5222:
5213:
5204:
5195:
5189:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5174:
5165:
5156:
5147:
5141:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5125:
5119:
5115:
5112:
5107:
5098:
5089:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5071:
5062:
5060:
5050:
5043:
5037:
5035:
5028:
5024:
5021:
5016:
5007:
4998:
4989:
4979:
4970:
4961:
4952:
4943:
4934:
4925:
4916:
4907:
4898:
4888:
4879:
4870:
4861:
4852:
4843:
4834:
4825:
4816:
4807:
4798:
4789:
4779:
4770:
4764:
4760:
4757:
4752:
4745:
4739:
4732:
4726:
4718:
4711:
4703:
4697:
4689:
4682:
4674:
4667:
4659:
4652:
4644:
4637:
4629:
4622:
4614:
4607:
4599:
4592:
4584:
4577:
4569:
4562:
4554:
4547:
4539:
4532:
4524:
4517:
4509:
4502:
4494:
4487:
4479:
4472:
4462:
4454:
4447:
4439:
4432:
4423:
4413:
4404:
4395:
4386:
4379:
4373:
4364:
4355:
4348:
4342:
4333:
4324:
4315:
4306:
4297:
4291:Part 2 p. 519
4290:
4284:
4274:
4265:
4256:
4247:
4238:
4232:
4227:
4218:
4209:
4200:
4191:
4182:
4173:
4164:
4155:
4146:
4137:
4135:
4133:
4123:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4105:
4099:
4095:
4092:
4087:
4079:
4075:
4069:
4060:
4051:
4042:
4033:
4024:
4015:
4006:
4000:
3996:
3993:
3988:
3982:
3976:
3969:
3963:
3954:
3947:
3941:
3935:vol. 1 p. 145
3934:
3928:
3919:
3910:
3901:
3892:
3883:
3874:
3867:
3861:
3852:
3843:
3834:
3825:
3816:
3807:
3798:
3789:
3780:
3771:
3762:
3753:
3744:
3735:
3726:
3720:
3716:
3713:
3708:
3699:
3692:
3687:
3678:
3669:
3660:
3651:
3642:
3633:
3624:
3615:
3606:
3597:
3588:
3579:
3570:
3561:
3552:
3543:
3534:
3525:
3516:
3507:
3498:
3489:
3480:
3471:
3462:
3453:
3444:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3423:
3414:
3404:
3395:
3386:
3377:
3368:
3359:
3349:
3342:
3336:
3327:
3318:
3309:
3300:
3291:
3282:
3273:
3264:
3262:
3252:
3243:
3234:
3225:
3216:
3207:
3200:
3195:
3188:
3182:
3173:
3164:
3155:
3146:
3137:
3128:
3119:
3110:
3101:
3092:
3083:
3074:
3072:
3062:
3060:
3050:
3041:
3032:
3023:
3014:
3005:
2996:
2980:
2976:
2975:
2970:
2964:
2955:
2946:
2937:
2928:
2919:
2910:
2901:
2892:
2883:
2876:
2871:
2862:
2853:
2844:
2835:
2828:
2825:Al-Tirmidhi,
2822:
2815:
2814:Ka'b Al-Ahbar
2809:
2793:
2789:
2783:
2774:
2765:
2756:
2747:
2738:
2729:
2720:
2711:
2702:
2693:
2684:
2676:
2670:
2668:
2659:
2655:
2649:
2647:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2620:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2597:
2595:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2560:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2535:
2527:
2521:
2514:. p. 44.
2513:
2509:
2505:
2498:
2490:
2484:
2476:
2472:
2465:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2432:
2423:
2414:
2405:
2396:
2388:
2384:
2378:
2369:
2360:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2342:
2327:
2323:
2322:"Zaydi Islam"
2317:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2299:
2291:
2287:
2281:
2277:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2200:Jews of Yemen
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2186:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2167:
2163:
2162:Fred Halliday
2158:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2138:
2129:
2127:
2122:
2116:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2080:
2076:
2074:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2051:
2041:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2003:
2000:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1983:
1973:
1970:
1965:
1961:
1960:05SANAA1352_a
1957:
1953:
1947:
1945:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1881:
1876:
1870:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1814:
1811:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1774:
1765:
1763:
1762:minority rule
1759:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1695:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1676:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1643:
1640:, and in the
1639:
1635:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1610:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1589:
1584:
1575:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1534:
1531:
1526:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1454:
1451:
1446:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1419:
1409:
1405:
1403:
1398:
1391:
1390:Seiyun Palace
1387:
1382:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1325:and Hakam in
1324:
1320:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1251:Kinda (tribe)
1243:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1200:
1196:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1175:Musnad script
1168:
1163:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1099:
1095:
1087:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1017:
1013:
1004:
1001:
997:
992:
988:
984:
980:
975:
973:
969:
965:
961:
956:
954:
949:
945:
941:
938:
937:Umayyad state
933:
929:
925:
920:
918:
914:
894:
890:
888:
883:
879:
875:
870:
867:
863:
858:
854:
850:
846:
841:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
797:
795:
790:
785:
783:
779:
774:
769:
767:
762:
734:
729:
725:
722:
717:
713:
708:
706:
702:
697:
693:
689:
679:
675:
673:
669:
665:
660:
655:
651:
647:
642:
638:
633:
631:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
603:
599:
595:
591:
581:
579:
574:
567:
566:
560:
558:
557:Hasan bin Ali
554:
550:
546:
541:
537:
532:
528:
523:
519:
513:
511:
506:
504:
500:
496:
492:
487:
482:
480:
476:
472:
465:
461:
454:
450:
444:
440:
435:
426:
423:
418:
413:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
394:Axumite state
390:
386:
384:
378:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
349:
344:
340:
337:
331:
329:
324:
320:
316:
312:
306:
302:
287:
285:
279:
277:
276:Islamic State
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:Old Testament
229:
223:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
202:
198:
191:
187:
172:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
148:
146:
141:
139:
135:
131:
122:
118:
117:Shafi'i Islam
114:
109:
105:
101:
97:
92:
85:
80:
71:
63:
60:
52:
49:February 2024
42:
36:
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2979:the original
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2577:St-Takla.org
2576:
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2456:the original
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2325:
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2290:the original
2280:
2264:
2257:
2250:
2239:
2233:
2223:
2216:
2211:Main sources
2174:Saudi Arabia
2171:
2159:
2143:
2117:
2113:
2096:Houthi group
2093:
2081:
2077:
2069:
2057:
2033:
2004:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1979:
1948:
1940:
1931:
1914:Saudi Arabia
1885:
1849:
1834:
1807:
1783:
1779:
1754:
1750:
1742:
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1714:
1683:
1679:
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1658:
1647:
1630:
1618:
1614:
1593:
1564:
1544:
1540:
1530:lineage bond
1527:
1523:
1508:such as the
1491:
1471:
1455:
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1421:
1406:
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1365:
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1035:
976:
957:
921:
910:
871:
842:
803:
786:
770:
757:
727:
709:
699:Yemeni, And
684:
657:Al-Nakha'i,
634:
626:
615:was born in
587:
569:
563:
562:
545:Yazdgerd III
514:
509:
507:
483:
467:
415:After that,
414:
387:
379:
352:
332:
308:
280:
224:
209:
193:
149:
142:
129:
127:
73:Ethnic group
70:
55:
46:
33:copy editing
31:may require
30:
5612:15 February
5534:Mareb Press
4287:Jawad Ali,
4176:Laklil 1/90
3864:Ibn Hatim
2583:19 February
2579:(in Arabic)
2331:19 February
2082:During the
2050:Yemeni Army
1758:egalitarian
1743:Throughout
1728:Yemeni Jews
1661:egalitarian
1547:Soothsayers
1268:Pre-Islamic
1147:Al-Hudaydah
1051:Al-Hudaydah
981:, Ghassan,
389:Abyssinians
359:Sil al-Aram
260:Ibn Khaldun
35:for grammar
6092:Categories
5781:20 January
4109:Yemen News
2875:Ibn Makula
2798:20 January
2346:الجزيرة نت
2272:References
2048:See also:
1967:Saleh and
1962:, General
1878:President
1650:Allegiance
1556:Hashemites
1443:See also:
1416:See also:
1397:Hadhramaut
1379:See also:
1375:Hadhramaut
1356:See also:
1249:See also:
1193:See also:
1076:Bani Najah
1057:in 847 in
983:Banu Amila
917:Kharijites
878:Bani Tamim
849:The Levant
830:Hadhramaut
766:Al-Khariji
672:Tabaristan
650:Hadhramaut
540:Banu Tajib
458:See also:
355:Ma’rib Dam
323:Hadhramaut
299:See also:
186:Qahtanites
184:See also:
138:Arab world
41:editing it
4696:cite book
2520:cite book
2483:cite book
2246:– 1990AD.
1799:Hadramaut
1642:Al-Fadhli
1634:Al-Fadhli
1626:covenants
1560:mediation
1488:al-Aulaqi
1433:Banu Kalb
1346:Al-Dulaim
1179:Dhu Yazan
972:Andalusia
701:Al-Maafir
621:Al-Maafer
398:Abyssinia
348:Old Sanaa
272:Manathira
190:Adnanites
94:Languages
6047:Archived
6012:Archived
5836:Archived
5807:13 April
5685:Archived
5630:Archived
5571:Archived
5537:Archived
5501:Archived
5339:Archived
5260:Archived
5253:Hotspot
5238:Archived
5184:Archived
5136:Archived
5114:Archived
5078:Archived
5023:Archived
4759:Archived
4278:Series).
4112:Archived
4094:Archived
3995:Archived
3966:Jamme,
3715:Archived
2971:(1997).
2792:Archived
2656:(1979).
2627:(1979).
2349:Archived
2306:Archived
2189:See also
2108:Al-Qaeda
1710:in Paris
1572:Al-Zamil
1552:Sayyidah
1512:and the
1118:Najjahis
800:Umayyads
406:Al-Qalis
371:Khath'am
336:Bedouins
254:came to
248:Mozarabs
216:Arabized
111:Religion
5932:YouTube
3341:Tunisia
2637:Lebanon
2611:Lebanon
2549:Lebanon
2512:Lebanon
2448:القاهرة
1675:revenge
1607:Sheikh
1429:Khawlan
1418:Khawlan
1412:Quda'ah
1402:Socotra
1151:Khawlan
1132:Khawlan
1110:Khawlan
1063:Al-Jawf
1055:Himyari
1039:Baghdad
991:Leprosy
705:Khawlan
630:Jalawla
617:Castile
503:Ash'ari
499:Madhhaj
491:Khawlan
328:Sabaean
315:Qataban
290:History
268:Khazraj
266:, Aws,
175:Origins
157:Madhhaj
121:Zaydism
3868:p. 176
3408:Yemen.
2633:Beirut
2607:Beirut
2555:
2545:Beirut
2508:Beirut
2475:Beirut
2155:Hashed
1835:Judge
1723:Pariha
1498:Himyar
1445:Yafa'a
1439:Yafa'a
1425:Arabia
1352:Himyar
1338:Dhamar
1327:Tihama
1304:Mazhij
1298:Mazhaj
1289:Jordan
1279:, and
1206:Musnad
1195:Hashid
1189:Hamdan
1128:Sanhan
1123:Tihama
1114:Hashid
1106:Ibadis
1100:, Taiz
1080:Tihama
1047:Zubaid
1016:Sa'dah
989:, and
968:Jordan
924:Sistan
904:
898:
882:mawali
778:Sicily
751:
745:
739:
696:Fustat
664:Rustam
641:Medina
594:Najran
422:Sana'a
375:Bajila
373:, and
363:Himyar
321:, and
252:Ismail
228:Joktan
220:Syriac
201:Thamud
165:Hamdan
163:, and
153:Himyar
104:Yemeni
100:Arabic
6060:Notes
5990:p.112
5977:p.121
5964:p.278
5701:Cairo
5591:p. 32
5379:p.126
5366:p.234
5278:p.151
4746:p.215
4417:1979.
3189:p.431
2442:[
2244:Cairo
2126:Radaa
2104:Amran
2100:Saada
2037:USAID
2021:Islah
1999:Islah
1910:Sanaa
1845:Sanaa
1699:Zabid
1622:zakat
1597:Bakil
1502:Kinda
1450:Yafi'
1342:Kinda
1319:Murad
1260:Kinda
1237:Kinda
1217:Sanaa
1199:Bakil
1183:Kinda
1143:Radaa
1067:Saada
1059:Sanaa
1029:is a
1027:Zabid
1000:Sanaa
996:Ibadi
987:Lakhm
964:Basra
944:Basra
932:Turks
887:Basra
866:Balqa
782:Egypt
721:Zaidi
646:Abyan
639:left
635:When
486:Kinda
402:Kaaba
367:Anmar
319:Ma'in
284:Hijaz
264:Adnan
256:Mecca
205:Amliq
169:Murad
161:Kinda
5809:2012
5783:2024
5669:p.89
5614:2015
5472:p.69
5405:p.77
5392:p.17
5044:p.51
4983:1986
4892:135.
4733:p.92
4702:link
4380:p.97
2987:2021
2800:2024
2585:2024
2553:ISBN
2526:link
2489:link
2333:2024
2176:and
2102:and
2052:and
1500:and
1287:and
1285:Iraq
1253:and
1197:and
1104:The
1071:Taiz
1069:and
1043:Asir
979:Ta'i
962:and
960:Kufa
948:Iraq
913:Kufa
834:Kufa
808:and
549:Kufa
531:Homs
501:and
495:Nahd
477:and
473:nor
471:Moaz
462:and
437:The
410:Axum
303:and
240:Najd
188:and
128:The
5930:on
5898:28.
5485:p.2
2452:مصر
2228:PDF
1049:in
578:Azd
396:in
197:‘Ād
6094::
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5581:^
5547:^
5440:^
5410:^
5328:^
5058:^
5033:^
4783:9.
4698:}}
4694:{{
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3260:^
3070:^
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369:(
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102:(
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56:(
51:)
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43:.
37:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.