2411:
4960:
4991:
5084:
3547:
5868:
6476:
2453:
5810:
5794:
3767:
4077:
5735:
3054:
5719:
3984:
2426:
2441:
3117:
3736:
4046:
3671:
5826:
137:
5778:
5643:
3705:
5491:
3578:
4243:
3953:
4709:. Even though before 1948, the population of Transylvania split between Eastern Orthodox, Greek Catholic and other forms of Christianity, during the Communist Period the Orthodox Church was much more favored by the state which has led to Eastern Orthodoxy being the religion of the majority of Transylvanians. However, among the Hungarian and German minorities only a small part are Eastern Orthodox. The main two religions of the Hungarian minority are Reformed (Calvinism) and Roman Catholicism; among Germans the main religions are Roman Catholicism (slightly over half of
3640:
2272:
3829:
3798:
5675:
106:
3064:
1354:
2339:
5842:
5762:
5659:
120:
3891:
5699:
3922:
2058:
8614:
2490:
3860:
8648:
2130:
8566:
3609:
2046:
5022:
4255:
5750:
4146:
4503:
2498:
2476:
4015:
2759:
524:
4226:, the total population of Transylvania was 6,789,250 inhabitants and the ethnic groups were: Romanians – 70.62%, Hungarians – 17.92%, Roma – 3.99%, Ukrainians – 0.63%, Germans (mostly Transylvanian Saxons and Banat Swabians, but also Zipsers, Sathmar Swabians, or Landlers) – 0.49%, other – 0.77%. Some 378,298 inhabitants (5.58%) have not declared their ethnicity. The ethnic Hungarian population of Transylvania form a majority in the counties of
3107:
8494:
8536:
5053:
4923:
642:
619:
600:
571:
8514:
2365:), and over 40% of the territory lost in 1920. This award did not solve the nationality problem, as over 1.15–1.3 million Romanians (or 48% to more than 50% of the population of the ceded territory) remained in Northern Transylvania while 0.36–0.8 million Hungarians (or 11% to more than 20% of the population) continued to reside in
2216:
had to call for
Russian help under the Holy Alliance. Czar Nicholas I answered, and sent an army of 200,000 men with 80,000 auxiliary forces. Finally, the joint army of Russian and Austrian forces defeated the Hungarian forces. After the restoration of Habsburg power, Hungary was placed under martial
1174:
for strengthening the borders of
Wallachia, which interfered with their control of trade routes, and his extreme sadism and barbarity, which by a collection of credible historical accounts of diverse origins, most of which were non-Saxon, led to the industrial-scale execution of over 100,000 people
1175:
by impaling, some of whom were Saxons. The victims were often arranged in grotesque displays intended to terrorize various groups, including the Saxons. In retaliation, the Saxons distributed poems of cruelty and other propaganda characterising the sadistic Vlad III Dracula as a drinker of blood.
4926:
2876:
The regions granted to
Romania in 1920 covered 23 counties including nearly 102,200 km (39,460 sq mi) (102,787–103,093 km in Hungarian sources and 102,282 km in contemporary Romanian documents). Nowadays, several administrative reorganisations make the territory cover 16
2549:. Other areas to the west and north are widely considered part of Transylvania; in common reference, the Western border of Transylvania has come to be identified with the present Romanian-Hungarian border, settled in the 1920 Treaty of Trianon, although geographically the two are not identical.
4192:
The percentage of the
Romanian majority has significantly increased since the declaration of the union of Transylvania with Romania after World War I in 1918. The proportion of Hungarians in Transylvania was in steep decline as more of the region's inhabitants moved into urban areas, where the
4925:
4184:
reported
Hungarian as their primary language, so they were also counted as ethnically Hungarian in the 1910 census). At the same time, the percentage of the Romanian population decreased from 59.0% to 53.8% and the percentage of the German population decreased from 11.9% to 10.7%, for a total
4930:
4929:
4924:
2330:
established new borders and much of the proclaimed territories became part of
Romania. Hungary protested against the new state borders, as they did not follow the real ethnic boundaries, for over 1.3 or 1.6 million Hungarian people, representing 25.5 or 31.6% of the Transylvanian population
4931:
1803:
6481:
6224:
4489:
During the Second World War, Transylvania (the
Southern/Romanian half, as the region was divided during the war) was crucial to the Romanian defense industry. Transylvanian factories built until 1945 over 1,000 warplanes and over 1,000 artillery pieces of all types, among
2029:
only in the 12th century, and the devastating invasion of
Mongols had also as consequence the large-scale immigration by Romanians, however the immigration of Romanians did not happen all at once, the process of settlement stretched over several centuries. After the
4928:
7084:
Bóna, István (1994). "From Dacia to
Transylvania: The Period of the Great Migrations (271–895); The Hungarian–Slav Period (895–1172)". In Köpeczi, Béla; Barta, Gábor; Bóna, István; Makkai, László; Szász, Zoltán; Borus, Judit (eds.).
4205:
were major causes of friction between
Hungary and Romania. Other factors include the emigration of non-Romanian peoples, assimilation and internal migration within Romania (estimates show that between 1945 and 1977, some 630,000 people moved from the
2157:, but the territory of the principality was administratively separated from Habsburg Hungary, and subjected to the direct rule of the emperor's governors. In 1699 the Ottomans legally acknowledged their loss of Transylvania in the
2247:
during World War I, which caused the replacement of the German Chief of Staff, temporarily ceased German offensives on all the other fronts and created a unified Central Powers command under the German Kaiser. Following defeat in
2221:, Romania) in 1849, their revolutionary banners were taken to Russia by the Tsarist troops and were kept there both under the Tsarist and Communist systems (in 1940 the Soviet Union offered the banners to the Horthy government).
4301:
Transylvania's GDP (nominal) is $ 194 billion and its GDP per capita measures around $ 28,574. Transylvania's Human Development Index is ranked 0.829, which makes Transylvania the 2nd most developed region in Romania after
4626:, which introduces the reader to a depiction of the life of Romanian peasants and intellectuals of Transylvania at the turn of the 20th century. Károly Kós was one of the most important writers supporting the movement of
2410:
1355:
2452:
3455:
is an important tourist destination, being the largest city in a mountain resorts area, and a central location, suitable for exploring Romania, with the distances to several tourist destinations (including the
4485:
throughout the second half of the 19th century and the 20th century, but many mines were closed down in the years following the collapse of the communist regime, forcing the region to diversify its economy.
5569:, reproduced the new coat of arms with some slight changes: in the upper field the eagle was flanked by a sun and a moon and in the lower field the hills were replaced by simple towers. The coat of arms of
2016:
evidence that major Hungarian groups settled in Transylvania from the 950s. In the 12th and 13th centuries, Southeast and Northeast Transylvania was settled by Saxon colonists. In Romanian historiography,
6477:" In 1711, after the Peace Treaty of Szatmar, Austrian control was firmly established over all of Hungary and Erdely, and the princes of Transylvania were replaced by Austrian governors. " (Google Search)
1863:. During Roman rule, the territory, depleted of its indigenous population, was repopulated with Latin colonists and its rich resource stock was systematically exploited. However, the growing threat of
4927:
1954:
continuously lived on the territory. Opponents of that hypothesis point to the lack of written, archaeological and linguistic evidence to support it. Hungarian medieval chronicles claimed that the
3516:. Alba Iulia also has historical importance: after the end of World War I, representatives of the Romanian population of Transylvania gathered in Alba Iulia on 1 December 1918 to proclaim the
5809:
5793:
5553:
created a coat of arms for Transylvania, consisting of a shield with a rising eagle in the upper field and seven hills with towers on top in the lower field. He published it in his work "
3670:
6413:
5777:
4180:
In the last quarter of the 19th century, the Hungarian population of Transylvania increased from 24.9% in 1869 to 31.6%, as indicated in the 1910 Hungarian census (the majority of the
6139:
5674:
2381:
reaffirmed the borders between Romania and Hungary as originally defined in the Treaty of Trianon, 27 years earlier, thus confirming the return of Northern Transylvania to Romania.
7214:
History of Transylvania Volume I. From the Beginnings to 1606 - III. Transylvania in the Medieval Hungarian Kingdom (896–1526) - 3. From the Mongol Invasion to the Battle of Mohács
6056:
4076:
896:
Transylvania is known for the scenery of its Carpathian landscape and its rich history, coupled with its multi-cultural character. It also contains Romania's second-largest city,
3546:
5825:
7661:
2968:, acting as divisions that coordinate and implement socio-economic development at regional level. Six counties (Alba, Brașov, Covasna, Harghita, Mureș and Sibiu) form the
5953:, is an extended treatment of the 19th- and early 20th-century social and political history of the country. The Principality of Transylvania is also a playable nation in
5658:
5698:
2268:
of Alba Iulia was adopted by the Deputies of the Romanians from Transylvania and supported one month later by the vote of the Deputies of the Saxons from Transylvania.
2667:
1105:. It was also during this period that Romanians experienced the awakening of self-consciousness as a nation, manifested in cultural and ideological movements such as
6831:
2961:
Transylvania contains both largely urban counties, such as Brașov and Hunedoara counties, as well as largely rural ones, such as Bistrița-Năsăud and Sălaj counties.
5718:
3983:
538:
7959:
2736:
7366:
6445:
2620:
4045:
5734:
3766:
3704:
4690:
and were sent here forcibly, as well as many religious refugees. Transylvania has a long history of religious tolerance, ensured by its religious pluralism.
8772:
8483:
2692:
7973:
4513:
The culture of Transylvania is complex because of its varied history and longstanding multiculturalism, which has incorporated significant Hungarian (see
2711:
2595:
3735:
8249:
5705:
2655:
2577:
4959:
5841:
5642:
8361:). Fermor travelled across Transylvania in the summer of 1934, and wrote about it in this account first published more than 50 years later, in 1986.
5761:
5301:
4697:, the form of Christianity that most Romanians currently follow. As such, there are significant numbers of inhabitants of Transylvania that follow
933:
505:
6026:
4169:, a 19th-century Hungarian statistician, estimated in 1842 that in the population of Transylvania for the years 1830–1840 the majority were 62.3%
2529:. This core of historical Transylvania roughly corresponds with nine counties of modern Romania. The plateau is almost entirely surrounded by the
1221:) "woods, forest"). Transylvania, with an alternative Latin prepositional prefix, means "on the other side of the woods". The Medieval Latin form
8439:
5188:
941:
8453:
7289:
6854:
4718:
4686:, Transylvania served as a place for "religious undesirables". People who arrived in Transylvania included those that did not conform to the
2440:
2192:, the leader of the Austrian army, was appointed plenipotentiary to restore order in Hungary after the conflict. He ordered the execution of
623:
6128:
3797:
1950:. There is an ongoing scholarly debate over the demographics in Transylvania at the time. According to the theory of Daco-Roman continuity,
8461:
6165:"POP105A – Populația rezidentă la 1 Ianuarie pe grupe de vârste, sexe și medii de rezidență, macroregiuni, regiuni de dezvoltare și județe"
5903:
in 1897, using Transylvania as a setting. With its success, Transylvania became associated in the English- and Spanish-speaking world with
5539:
3513:
3487:
3448:
2170:
2153:, and the region was officially attached to the Habsburg Empire. The Habsburgs acknowledged the Principality of Transylvania as one of the
2134:
2111:
2092:
1082:
1023:
846:
653:
8003:
4990:
4234:(84.8%). The Hungarians are also numerous in the following counties: Mureș (37.8%), Satu Mare (34.5%), Bihor (25.2%), and Sălaj (23.2%).
8330:
7536:
6048:
6172:
6135:
4157:
Official censuses with information on Transylvania's population have been conducted since the 18th century. On May 1, 1784 the Emperor
3921:
3828:
1967:
1947:
988:
476:
7420:
6462:
4165:, including Transylvania. The data was published in 1787, and this census showed only the overall population (1,440,986 inhabitants).
3577:
8476:
7832:
7710:
3952:
5083:
3890:
5368:
3505:
8339:
7237:
6103:
6078:
3859:
3608:
929:
7668:
2425:
8777:
8723:
7512:
2162:
4509:, Romanian poet, translator, teacher, and journalist, best known for his verses describing, praising and eulogizing rural life
3053:
3004:
8374:
8312:
7614:
7430:
7403:
7376:
7192:
7146:
6539:
6491:
6423:
5625:
5602:
5531:
5507:
1062:
8219:
7890:
6976:
5945:
mother, in an effort to add to the character's exotic mystique. The so-called Transylvanian trilogy of historical novels by
5867:
3639:
8469:
6260:
6129:"Romanian Statistical Yearbook (2022) – 1.8 Administrative organisation of Romanian territory, on December 31, 2021 (p.17)"
5911:
5709:
5470:
8416:
8169:
3439:, commonly known as Cluj, is the second most populous city in Romania (as of the 2021 census), after the national capital
8426:
6253:
2154:
2004:
asserted his claim to rule all lands dominated by Hungarian lords. He personally led his army against his maternal uncle
1098:
1090:
1003:
asserted his claim to rule all lands dominated by Hungarian lords. He personally led his army against his maternal uncle
8032:
7393:
6564:
8110:
8079:
4124:
3517:
2463:
2389:
2280:
2261:
1943:
in the 9th century. Smaller Slavic polities were also present, nevertheless they could hardly keep their independence.
1118:
604:
7632:
5523:
8395:
8358:
7948:
7783:
7564:
7221:
7164:"The Mongol domination and the detachment of the Romanians of Wallachia from the domination of the Hungarian Kingdom"
7119:
7094:
7068:
6895:
6731:
6655:
6319:
6293:
5594:
4014:
8411:
7216:. Columbia University Press, (The Hungarian original by Institute of History Of The Hungarian Academy of Sciences).
6747:[The Medieval History of Transylvania: from the Romanian Ethnogenesis until Michael the Brave] (in Romanian)
5421:
119:
3116:
1184:
7692:
7480:
4051:
937:
8349:
5931:
Transylvania has also been represented in fiction and literature as a land of mystery and magic. For example, in
5862:
5749:
5610:
5598:
5578:
2107:
2103:
1997:
1066:
996:
419:
7863:
7446:
6353:
5464:
5264:
4491:
7981:
6814:
4789:
4702:
4655:
4181:
2973:
2965:
1920:
7163:
6194:
3408:
2907:
2833:
2725:
1919:
in 567. In the following years, the Avars took full control over Transylvania, heavily settling the area with
8497:
7911:
5433:
4158:
4128:
2385:
2150:
1911:, on the other hand, successfully fought battles against the Eastern Roman Empire. They were defeated by the
762:
20:
8491:
6952:
6925:
6871:
105:
5485:
4714:
4698:
4407:
2177:
1078:
1070:
743:
730:
710:
125:
6164:
1624:' cities in the region. This is also the origin of the region's name in many other languages, such as the
8767:
8712:
8701:
6724:
Realm of St. Stephen: History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526 (International Library of Historical Studies)
6699:
6623:""1 Landeskunde, honismeret – Patriotic Scholarship and Vernacular Languages". In Exploring Transylvania"
6232:
5203:
5127:
3475:
2969:
2672:
1504:
1110:
842:
92:
7317:
6522:
6049:"Reservations and Declarations for Treaty No. 148 – European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages"
3063:
8706:
8691:
6579:
6022:
5968:
4808:
4651:
2608:
2378:
2257:
704:
680:
413:
8434:
7475:
6988:
6744:
6382:
4722:
2326:. These other provinces had all joined with the Kingdom of Romania a few months earlier. In 1920, the
2228:
of 1867, the Principality of Transylvania was once again abolished. The territory then became part of
6551:
6540:
Hungary's Long Nineteenth Century: Constitutional and Democratic Traditions in a European Perspective
5412:
4846:
4329:, including growing cereals, vegetables, viticulture and breeding cattle, sheep, swine, and poultry.
3509:
3035:
3019:
2977:
2213:
2088:
2022:
1531:
1295:
1019:
8613:
8307:), with text and 102 map plates, the first ever historical atlas of Transylvania (Méry Ratio, 2011;
8065:
7300:
6787:
2741:
2119:
869:. Broader definitions of Transylvania also include the western and northwestern Romanian regions of
7748:
Seton-Watson, Robert William (1933). "The Problem of Treaty Revision and the Hungarian Frontiers".
6948:
5725:
5451:
5025:
4893:), but back in 1930, with 191,877 inhabitants, Jews represented 3.46% of Transylvania's population.
4706:
2625:
1348:
401:
362:
5346:
Salt Mine: according to Business Insider—one of the ten "coolest underground places in the world".
8390:. Vol. I–III. Translated by Kovrig, Benett. New Jersey: Atlantic Research and Publications.
8369:. Cluj-Napoca: Romanian Academy, Center for Transylvanian Studies – Romanian Cultural Institute.
5937:
5633:
5629:
5606:
4223:
4113:
2343:
2233:
2189:
2096:
2076:
2050:
1860:
1797:
1574:
1460:
1027:
631:
552:
7341:
6506:
3152:
2915:
2778:
2649:
5566:
5119:
4871:
4827:
4639:
4336:
4193:
pressure to assimilate and Romanianize was greater. The expropriation of the estates of Magyar
4140:
2891:), with an area of 100,290 km (38,722 sq mi), in central and northwest Romania.
2697:
2244:
2193:
2149:
in 1683. In 1687, the rulers of Transylvania recognized the suzerainty of the Habsburg emperor
1936:
984:
579:
546:
309:
8647:
8145:
7924:
7604:
7533:
6309:
6283:
5597:, Transylvania is represented by two lions holding a sword standing on seven hills. Hungarian
2559:
2331:(depending on statistics used), were living on the Romanian side of the border, mainly in the
2065:
27:
8762:
8731:
8683:
7940:
7937:
Protestantism and Politics in Eastern Europe and Russia: The Communist and Postcommunist Eras
7788:
7274:
7058:
6774:
6335:
5955:
5088:
4514:
4326:
3696:
2506:
2366:
2354:
2276:
2180:
against the Habsburgs started in 1848, and grew into a war for the total independence of the
2123:
1940:
1864:
1822:
1818:
1130:
1058:
686:
368:
356:
136:
8565:
8324:
8245:
7470:
7182:
7136:
6397:
5741:
4642:, different Christian denominations have coexisted in this religious melting pot, including
4403:
tradition, and according to the same classifications top performance hospitals exist there.
2716:
2600:
8344:
8194:
5977:
5527:
5403:
5324:
5319:
4994:
4525:
4207:
4136:
2542:
2534:
2001:
1931:. The Avars and Slavs, although substantially depleted in number, continued to inhabit the
1621:
1167:
1106:
1000:
862:
696:
515:
381:
339:
111:
7839:
7815:"RPL 2011 – VOLUMUL I: POPULAŢIA STABILĂ (REZIDENTĂ) – STRUCTURA DEMOGRAFICĂ, Table no. 7"
7714:
7003:
5665:
5570:
5562:
5279:
4693:
Transylvania has also been (and still is) a center for Christian denominations other than
3000:
Largest cities of Transylvania, Banat, Crișana and Maramureș historical regions in Romania
2660:
2637:
2582:
2025:. Hungarian historiography claims that the Vlach population entered Transylvania from the
1992:
arrived. Historians debate whether he was a historical person or an imaginary figure. The
8:
8717:
5503:
5305:
5268:
5241:
5196:
5192:
5139:
4344:
4325:
production and fruit growing are important occupations. Agriculture is widespread in the
3483:
3040:
3024:
2878:
2614:
2565:
2546:
2530:
2417:
2401:
2350:
2307:
2306:,) occurring on December 1, celebrates this event. The holiday was established after the
2291:
2158:
1138:
438:
269:
5973:
5293:
5289:
5285:
5251:
3465:
3340:
2935:
2838:
2679:
2338:
2271:
2166:
2084:
1734:
denotes a region in connection with this, similarly to the Hungarian name for Muntenia (
1015:
8053:
7765:
6848:
5946:
5924:
5832:
5816:
5800:
5784:
5614:
5499:
5225:
5064:
5033:
5002:
4971:
4940:
4710:
4663:
4518:
4467:
4431:
4087:
4055:
4024:
3993:
3962:
3931:
3900:
3869:
3838:
3807:
3776:
3745:
3714:
3680:
3649:
3618:
3587:
3556:
3521:
2323:
2237:
2181:
2115:
2072:
2061:
2009:
1673:
1634:
1522:
1377:
1368:
1286:
1265:
1256:
1234:
1122:
1094:
1086:
1008:
945:
812:
458:
319:
274:
239:
68:
8296:
5577:, included the Transylvanian, Wallachia and Moldavian coat of arms, he used the title
4552:
4537:
3283:
2201:
1825:
8675:
8391:
8370:
8354:
8308:
7944:
7905:
7610:
7560:
7426:
7399:
7372:
7217:
7188:
7142:
7115:
7090:
7064:
6867:
6810:
6727:
6487:
6419:
6315:
6289:
5922:), in present-day Romania. There is also an American animated movie franchise called
5681:
5590:
5543:
5439:
5350:
5314:
5215:
4770:
4694:
4643:
4541:
4529:
4352:
4202:
4197:, the distribution of the lands to the Romanian peasants, and the policy of cultural
4162:
3479:
2882:
2730:
2644:
2589:
2538:
2432:
2370:
2327:
2185:
2142:
1625:
1444:
1432:
1423:
1318:
1126:
1054:
1047:
866:
798:
244:
234:
229:
207:
54:
8004:"Primele date provizorii pentru Recensământul Populației și Locuințelor, runda 2021"
7509:
6745:"Istoria Transilvaniei Medievale: De la Etnogeneza Romanilor pana la Mihai Viteazul"
5941:, the main character, Sherine Khalil, is described as a Transylvanian orphan with a
5574:
4896:
Atheists, agnostics and unaffiliated account for 0.27% of Transylvania's population.
4242:
4166:
2632:
2057:
1887:, defeated and shattered the Goths, and settled in the area. After the death of Hun
8599:
8550:
8545:
7757:
6630:
5982:
5498:
The first heraldic representations of Transylvania date from the 16th century. The
5219:
5131:
5105:
4936:
4647:
4627:
4478:
4419:
4396:
4356:
4210:
to Transylvania, and 280,000 from Transylvania to the Old Kingdom, most notably to
4174:
3710:
3501:
3374:
3301:
3254:
3186:
2972:, another six (Bihor, Bistrița-Năsăud, Cluj, Maramureș, Satu Mare, Sălaj) form the
2947:
2931:
2873:
The area of the historical Voivodeship is 55,146 km (21,292 sq mi).
2788:
2783:
2571:
2146:
2031:
1976:
1927:, however, imposed a growing threat on them and their khaganate was crushed in the
1699:
1658:
1565:
1513:
1486:
1478:
1451:
1171:
909:
882:
314:
299:
289:
264:
177:
8385:
7447:"Definition of Grand Principality of Transylvania in the Free Online Encyclopedia"
7031:
5181:
5154:
4591:
4568:
4506:
4306:
and makes it comparable to countries like the Czech Republic, Poland and Estonia.
3170:
3106:
2911:
2808:
2489:
2310:, and marks the unification not only of Transylvania but also of the provinces of
2021:
constituted an important part of Transylvania's population even on the eve of the
8535:
8443:
8277:
7636:
7540:
7516:
7019:
5768:
5649:
5550:
5427:
5378:
5337:
5235:
5211:
5072:
5041:
5010:
4979:
4948:
4687:
4619:
4423:
4303:
4231:
4198:
4150:
4095:
4063:
4032:
4001:
3970:
3939:
3908:
3877:
3846:
3815:
3784:
3753:
3722:
3688:
3657:
3626:
3595:
3564:
3424:
2927:
2818:
2299:
2209:
2080:
1971:
1932:
1916:
1772:
1649:
1495:
1414:
1399:
1339:
1206:
1102:
820:
304:
284:
279:
254:
82:
8633:
8127:
6673:
5589:. A short-lived heraldic representation of Transylvania is found on the seal of
5060:
3474:
is one of the most important cultural centres of Romania and was designated the
3390:
3306:
3220:
3136:
2955:
2943:
2939:
2823:
2793:
2773:
2332:
2169:, when Habsburg control over Principality of Transylvania was consolidated. The
8173:
7814:
7600:
7585:
7044:
6964:
6937:
6910:
6883:
6701:
Consuming News: Newspapers and Print Culture in Early Modern Europe (1500–1800)
6596:"The Transylvanian School – Premises Underlying the Critical Editions of Texts"
5894:
5490:
5257:
4603:
4372:
4364:
4227:
3989:
3419:
3288:
2923:
2813:
2342:
Territorial evolution of Romania in the 20th century, excluding changes during
2229:
1384:
1190:
1043:
1035:
976:
890:
858:
850:
782:
294:
259:
249:
8038:
7864:"ROMARM | National Defense Company in Romania | call us 40213171971"
7793:
7209:
6634:
6581:
One Europe, many nations: an historical dictionary of European national groups
4459:
3497:
3447:. From 1790 to 1848 and from 1861 to 1867, it was the official capital of the
2514:
2510:
2374:
8756:
8593:
8447:
8334:. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 210–211.
8319:
7878:
Third Axis, Fourth Ally: Romanian Armed Forces in the European War, 1941–1945
5942:
5908:
5875:
5535:
5165:
5099:
4963:
4599:
4572:
4388:
4186:
3958:
3645:
3233:
3181:
2404:
and became the most notable inter-ethnic incident in the post-communist era.
2205:
2197:
2129:
2045:
2013:
1993:
1962:, who remained in Transylvania, and later, in combination with the returning
1775:
document written by a Romanian chancellery is attested in 1432. The Romanian
1617:
755:
407:
8086:
6622:
5135:
5021:
4254:
3803:
3525:
2518:
2118:
in the sense of public law, which stressed in a highly significant way that
925:
8697:
7629:
6921:
5932:
5882:
5343:
5143:
4671:
4667:
4615:
4595:
4587:
4548:
4451:
4258:
Rural landscape in Transylvania, including meadows and small hilly forests.
4247:
3356:
3272:
3204:
2951:
2903:
2803:
2763:
2479:
2284:
2165:
elements within the principality submitted to the emperor only in the 1711
1876:
1868:
1844:
1146:
1031:
664:
395:
334:
8628:
8513:
5391:
4910:
4463:
4360:
3741:
3131:
3068:
2854:
2362:
1166:
and the many subsequent books and films that the story has inspired. Many
1065:
in 1711, Habsburg control of Transylvania was consolidated, and Hungarian
874:
160:
8417:"Tolerant Transylvania – Why Transylvania will not become another Kosovo"
6999:
5915:
5890:
5871:
5446:
5416:
5384:
5372:
5328:
5245:
5232:
5171:
5115:
5095:
5056:
4998:
4726:
4611:
4583:
4564:
4533:
4502:
4482:
4455:
4435:
4427:
4392:
4368:
4348:
4340:
4318:
4287:
4145:
3552:
3444:
3436:
3322:
3238:
3147:
3097:
3081:
3076:
3058:
2919:
2899:
2895:
2828:
2798:
2768:
2497:
2483:
2249:
1852:
1157:
1114:
960:
900:, and other very well preserved medieval iconic cities and towns such as
897:
722:
197:
7935:
Earl A. Pope, "Protestantism in Romania", in Sabrina Petra Ramet (ed.),
5519:
4415:
4132:
3865:
3537:
3403:
1955:
1259:
913:
8575:
7769:
7696:
5515:
5207:
5111:
4560:
4474:
3676:
3493:
3092:
2459:
2397:
2315:
1989:
1963:
1946:
In the late 9th century, Transylvania was reached and conquered by the
1900:
1074:
917:
8623:
4906:
4674:
is the largest religion, but other faiths also are present, including
2850:
2706:
2358:
1117:, the National Assembly of Romanians from Transylvania proclaimed the
870:
156:
8643:
6840:
6001:
The sixteen counties that form the historical region of Transylvania.
5685:
5582:
5558:
5275:
5161:
4967:
4867:
4683:
4638:
Transylvania has a very rich and unique religious history. Since the
4607:
4576:
4275:
4211:
4170:
3927:
3486:
culture and between 1692 and 1791 and 1849–65 was the capital of the
3457:
3440:
3369:
3335:
3249:
2859:
2758:
2522:
2475:
2393:
2384:
From 1947 to 1989, Transylvania, along with the rest of Romania, was
2253:
2225:
2100:
2018:
2005:
1951:
1928:
1848:
1833:
1814:
1807:
1073:, the Hungarian government proclaimed union with Transylvania in the
1030:. During most of the 16th and 17th centuries, the principality was a
1004:
952:
350:
8384:
Köpeczi, Béla; Makkai, László; Mócsy, András; Szász, Zoltán (1994).
7761:
6595:
6354:"Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey"
5407:
5150:
4556:
4447:
4411:
4376:
3834:
3583:
3529:
3452:
3351:
3165:
3111:
2349:
In August 1940, with the arbitration of Germany and Italy under the
921:
901:
881:. Historical Transylvania also includes small parts of neighbouring
8657:
8587:
8561:
8323:
8128:"Populația stabilă după religie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune"
7439:
6361:
5689:
5586:
4734:
4659:
4443:
4400:
3461:
2863:
2319:
1912:
1904:
1872:
1153:
1039:
992:
886:
750:
668:
181:
169:
7925:
N. Felecan - Considerations on the First Books of Romanian Grammar
7510:
The Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy and Romanian Political Autonomy
5052:
3896:
3533:
3215:
2887:
2509:, 300 to 500 metres (980–1,640 feet) high, is drained by the
2218:
8662:
8590:(Southern Bukovina (1918–); Northern Bukovina (1918–40; 1941–44))
8531:
8501:
7294:– No. 47 – April 15, 1965 – Hungary – Romania (Rumania) Boundary"
6697:
5904:
5899:
5848:
5621:
5029:
4890:
4679:
4314:
4263:
4194:
3524:. In Transylvania, there are many medieval smaller towns such as
2867:
2369:. The Second Vienna Award was voided on 12 September 1944 by the
2295:
2212:
came close to the brink of collapse. Thus, the new young emperor
2026:
1924:
1908:
1896:
1829:
1753:
1747:
1741:
1162:
1142:
1134:
854:
448:
324:
185:
173:
6225:"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2023 Edition. (Romania)"
4713:), followed by Lutheranism and Eastern Orthodox. There are also
2252:, Austria-Hungary disintegrated. Elected representatives of the
8581:
5522:, and seven red towers on a yellow background representing the
5502:
of 1659 codified the representation of the privileged nations (
5175:
4730:
4439:
4384:
4330:
4295:
4283:
3772:
3199:
3121:
2526:
2035:
1892:
1888:
1856:
972:
5928:, which plays on the association of Transylvania and Dracula.
4347:
industries are important in urban and university centers like
2976:, while four (Arad, Caraș-Severin, Hunedoara, Timiș) form the
2256:
from Transylvania, Banat, Crișana and Maramureș backed by the
2217:
law. Following the Hungarian Army's surrender at Világos (now
1813:
The first known civilization to inhabit the territory was the
1802:
8509:
7893:. 2007-12-31. Archived from the original on December 31, 2007
7590:, Translation by Tamás Sályi, Budapest, March 1999, pp. 30-34
5976:, an unofficial anthem of Transylvania and the anthem of the
5919:
5511:
5123:
4902:
4886:
4380:
4310:
4020:
3614:
3471:
3385:
3317:
3267:
2846:
2687:
2311:
2039:
1985:
1899:. For two centuries, the Gepids controlled Transylvania. The
1880:
1837:
1832:
engaged in politics from the 1st century BC and united under
1152:
In popular culture, Transylvania is commonly associated with
980:
964:
956:
905:
878:
152:
2335:
of Eastern Transylvania, and along the newly created border.
1875:
withdraw his legions and evacuate the citizens south of the
987:. During the late 9th century, Transylvania was reached and
7500:"Transylvania", Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2008.
7392:
Cadzow, John F.; Ludanyi, Andrew; Elteto, Louis J. (1983).
7248:: 427–428. 2004 – via Gale Virtual Reference Library.
6285:
Political Leadership: A Pragmatic Institutionalist Approach
4675:
4622:
were born in Transylvania. Liviu Rebreanu wrote the novel
4322:
4291:
4279:
4271:
4267:
4083:
1959:
1884:
1069:
were replaced with Habsburg imperial governors. During the
968:
5668:, Prince of Transylvania (1586–1598, 1598–1599, 1601–1602)
5479:
4737:(Orthodox, Reformed, Roman Catholic, and Greek Catholic).
2208:. After a series of serious Austrian defeats in 1849, the
2034:
and Ottoman arrival at the Hungarian border, thousands of
1189:
The earliest known reference to Transylvania appears in a
8696:
ceded to Bulgaria and the Central Powers (except for the
8365:
Pop, Ioan-Aurel; Nägler, Thomas; Magyari, András (2018).
778:
767:
8428:
The History of Transylvania and the Transylvanian Saxons
7299:. US Bureau of Intelligence and Research. Archived from
5831:
Coat of arms of Transylvania in the coat of arms of the
5815:
Coat of arms of Transylvania in the coat of arms of the
5799:
Coat of arms of Transylvania in the coat of arms of the
5783:
Coat of arms of Transylvania in the coat of arms of the
5620:
While neither symbol has official status in present-day
5184:, the oldest church in Romania that still holds services
1121:
on 1 December 1918, and Transylvania became part of the
8383:
8257:. Vienna: Verlag vom Anton Schroll & Co. p. XV
8220:"O nouă ediție a Zilelor Filmului de Umor la Timișoara"
1536:
1300:
7545:
1740:, or land lying ahead of the snow-capped mountains).
1255:, comes. That also was used as an alternative name in
7422:
The Hungarians: A Thousand Years of Victory in Defeat
6464:
The Hungarians: A Thousand Years of Victory in Defeat
6104:"Populaţia rezidentă după religie (Recensământ 2021)"
1579:
1465:
1089:. The separate status of Transylvania ended with the
7642:
6452:), University of Washington Press, July 1983, p. 163
5847:
Coat of arms of Transylvania in the coat of arms of
4125:
History of Transylvania § Historical population
2071:
Between 1002 and 1526, Transylvania was part of the
1923:
who accepted their suzerainty. The expansion of the
1228:
1222:
885:
and even a small part of south-western neighbouring
7662:"Microsoft Word – REZULTATE DEFINITIVE RPL2011.doc"
7391:
6765:Pascu, Ștefan (1972). "Voievodatul Transilvaniei".
6446:"Southeastern Europe Under Ottoman Rule, 1354–1804"
6402:, University of Washington Press, 1993, pp. 150–154
6079:"Populaţia rezidentă după etnie (Recensământ 2021)"
4885:
Nowadays, there is a very small number of Muslims (
4262:Transylvania is rich in mineral resources, notably
6656:"Travel Advisory; Lure of Dracula In Transylvania"
4551:is preserved to this day in monuments such as the
3508:. Between 1541 and 1690 it was the capital of the
1077:of 1848. After the failure of the revolution, the
8164:
8162:
8034:Ghidul studentului din Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai
7368:Southeastern Europe under Ottoman Rule, 1354-1804
7184:East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000–1500
7138:East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000–1500
7056:
6648:
6563:John F. Cadzow, Andrew Ludanyi, Louis J. Elteto,
6554:. (Section I, Art. I and Section IX., Art. LXXIV)
6455:
6399:Southeastern Europe under Ottoman rule, 1354–1804
1879:in 275, when the province became occupied by the
1205:meaning "beyond" or "on the far side of" and the
1085:be a separate crown land entirely independent of
26:"Siebenbürgen" redirects here. For the band, see
8754:
8364:
7971:
7587:Hungarians in Transylvania between 1870 and 1995
6926:Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500-1250
6698:Gerhild Scholz Williams; William Layher (eds.).
6480:Glockner, Peter G.; Bagossy, Nora Varga (2007).
5430:, Cluj-Napoca – Romania's biggest music festival
4559:(14th and 15th centuries) and a number of other
2964:Since 1998, Romania has been divided into eight
2843:Light yellow – historical region of Transylvania
1264:("beyond the forest") (13th–14th centuries) and
8146:"Travel to Romania – Densuș Church (Hunedoara)"
7371:. University of Washington Press. p. 163.
7187:. University of Washington Press. pp. 9–.
7141:. University of Washington Press. pp. 9–.
6809:]. Szegedi Középkorász Műhely. p. 24.
6479:
4547:With regard to architecture, the Transylvanian
1847:made heavy efforts to seize the territory from
1782:
1759:
1735:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1711:
1705:
1691:
1682:
1676:
1643:
1637:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1542:
1332:
1311:
1306:
1274:
1268:
1244:
1238:
60:
8159:
7876:Mark Axworthy, London: Arms and Armour, 1995,
7599:
7334:
7155:
7008:of Anonymus, the anonymous notary of King Béla
6336:"DECRET-LEGE 2 27/12/1989 – Portal Legislativ"
2275:Romania's territorial losses in 1940, showing
2106:. The Eastern Hungarian king became the first
1776:
1628:
1437:
1326:
1250:
1193:document of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1078 as
1057:gained possession of Transylvania through the
806:
475:100,390 km (38,760 sq mi) (
46:
40:
8477:
8111:"Anuarul statistic al Romaniei, 1937 si 1938"
7465:
7463:
7318:"Diploma Leopoldinum (Transylvanian history)"
7180:
7134:
7050:
7020:Gesta Hungarorum: The Deeds of the Hungarians
6977:The origins of the Hungarian people and state
5613:maintained their claims to the throne of the
5331:, the third largest glacier cave in the world
4540:, being responsible for the early version of
2049:Administrative divisions in Eastern Hungary,
1667:
1661:
1601:
1596:
1590:
1585:
1471:
8773:Historical regions in the Kingdom of Hungary
7747:
7310:
6621:Török, Borbála Zsuzsanna (27 October 2015).
6545:
6516:
6467:C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 2003, p. 146;
6411:
5475:Festivalul Medieval Cetăți Transilvane Sibiu
4189:policies greatly contributed to this shift.
4161:called for the first official census of the
2525:rivers, as well as other tributaries of the
2470:
1652:
1611:
1407:
1361:
828:
74:
8080:"Situatia demografica a cultelor dupa 1918"
7738:, Vol. 1, Trattner-Károlyi, Pest. VII, 1842
7398:. Kent State University Press. p. 79.
6500:
5494:The historical coat of arms of Transylvania
4901:Data refers to extended Transylvania (with
2752:
2283:. The region was returned to Romania after
2126:and he was not permitted to alienate them.
2000:governed Transylvania in the 10th century.
1697:
1392:
1216:
1210:
1200:
1194:
1109:, and drafted political petitions such as
928:. It is also the home of some of Romania's
8484:
8470:
8431:by Dr. Konrad Gündisch, Oldenburg, Germany
8353:(New York Review of Books Classics, 2005;
7559:] (in Hungarian). Cartographia. 1998.
7494:
7460:
7395:Transylvania: The Roots of Ethnic Conflict
7210:"The Mongol Invasion and Its Consequences"
6853:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
6569:, Kent State University Press, 1983, p. 79
6566:Transylvania: The Roots of Ethnic Conflict
6415:History of Transylvania: From 1606 to 1830
6219:
6217:
6215:
5189:Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains
5110:The very well preserved medieval towns of
3478:for the year 2007, along with the city of
942:Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains
135:
7929:
7880:, pp. 29-30, 75, 149, 222-227 and 239-272
7261:Merriam-Webster's geographical dictionary
7018:Veszprémy, László; Schaer, Frank (1999):
6896:Transylvania and the Transylvanian Saxons
6833:Anuarul Institutului de Istorie Națională
6187:
6175:(TEMPO –statiscal data). 5 September 2023
5514:) on a blue background, representing the
2173:was reintroduced 54 years later in 1765.
2145:acquired the territory shortly after the
2091:. Later, in 1570, the kingdom became the
2087:in 1526, Transylvania became part of the
1883:. In 376, a powerful nomadic people, the
8436:Transylvania,Its Products and its People
8318:
7648:
7580:
7578:
7576:
7282:
7161:
6346:
5866:
5518:, the Sun and the Moon representing the
5489:
5369:Transilvania International Film Festival
5260:(the only one of that kind in the world)
5082:
5051:
5020:
4989:
4958:
4921:
4866:There are also small denominations like
4501:
4253:
4250:, now repurposed as a tourist attraction
4241:
4144:
4118:
2496:
2488:
2474:
2337:
2270:
2243:The region was the site of an important
2128:
2056:
2044:
1903:systematically pushed the Gepids out of
1801:
1728:means forest in Hungarian, and the word
1696:was first mentioned in the 12th-century
1616:means "seven castles", after the seven (
523:
8711:ceded to Bulgaria between May 1918 and
8493:
8367:The History of Transylvania, vol. I–III
8275:
7418:
7174:
6965:Southern Transylvania under Bulgar rule
6829:
6758:
6486:. Hungarian Ethnic Lexicon Foundation.
6212:
6195:"Populația la Recensămintele 1948–2021"
5593:. Besides the Wallachian eagle and the
5480:Historical coat of arms of Transylvania
5357:
4466:(alcoholic beverages), the state owned
3007:(2021 population by place of residence)
2493:Geogel, Romanian Orthodox wooden church
2232:, an addition to the newly established
946:Roșia Montană Mining Cultural Landscape
8755:
8244:
7207:
7128:
7109:
6800:
4917:
2012:in 1002. Place names derived from the
1988:ruled part of Transylvania before the
1282:Historical names of Transylvania are:
8465:
8454:Transylvanian Family History Database
8251:Oesterreichish-Ungarische Wappenrolle
8148:. Romanianmonasteries.org. 2006-05-31
7573:
7449:. Encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com
7364:
6905:
6903:
6764:
6716:
6620:
6593:
6552:Austrian Constitution of 4 March 1849
6281:
6246:
6029:from the original on 7 September 2017
5856:
5561:the same year. The seal from 1597 of
5532:flag and coat of arms of Transylvania
4721:, particularly in Banat and Crișana.
4524:The region was the birthplace of the
4217:
3460:resorts, the monasteries in northern
1891:, their empire disintegrated and the
1443:
1431:
1376:
1347:
1249:, from which also the Romanian name,
1093:, and it was reincorporated into the
1038:; however, the principality had dual
8423:, Vol. 1, No. 14, 27 September 1999.
7972:Chirmiciu András (19 January 2023).
7201:
7089:. Akadémiai Kiadó. pp. 62–177.
7083:
6384:Conflict and chaos in Eastern Europe
6261:United Nations Development Programme
6254:"Human Development Report 2021/2022"
6059:from the original on 8 December 2015
5995:
5907:. Among the first actors to portray
5471:Sibiu International Theatre Festival
3482:. It was formerly the centre of the
2845:Dark yellow – historical regions of
2446:A market scene in Transylvania, 1818
2375:the Armistice Agreement with Romania
2236:. Romanian intellectuals issued the
2008:and Transylvania became part of the
1233:, was a direct translation from the
1007:and Transylvania became part of the
6742:
5767:Coat of arms of Transylvania in an
5755:Coat of arms of Transylvania (1765)
2983:
2400:in March 1990 took place after the
2155:Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
1895:conquered the region in 455, under
1828:came to domination. The indigenous
1662:
1597:
1586:
1569:
1091:Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
999:ruled it in the 10th century. King
16:Historical region in Central Europe
13:
8290:
7960:The Eastern Catholic Churches 2017
7741:
7609:. Clarendon Press. pp. 486–.
7279:, Hungarian Institute, 1978, p. 70
6900:
6823:
6794:
6145:from the original on 20 March 2023
5628:is marshalled within the national
5397:
3449:Grand Principality of Transylvania
2464:Union of Transylvania with Romania
2462:(December 1, 1918), declaring the
2171:Grand Principality of Transylvania
1998:seven chieftains of the Hungarians
1119:Union of Transylvania with Romania
997:seven chieftains of the Hungarians
889:to its north east (represented by
14:
8789:
8412:Radio Transsylvania International
8405:
8132:Institutul Național de Statistică
7974:"Részleges közösségi radiográfia"
7057:Engel, Pal; Andrew Ayton (2005).
6387:, Palgrave Macmillan, 1995, p. 62
5712:(1642–1657, 1657–1658, 1659–1660)
5632:, it was also a component of the
5506:(Union of the Three Nations)) in
5375:– Romania's biggest film festival
5362:
989:conquered by the Hungarian tribes
8646:
8612:
8564:
8534:
8512:
8492:
8305:Historical Atlas of Transylvania
8279:Chronologia in qua provinciae...
8269:
8238:
8212:
8172:. Itsromania.com. Archived from
7693:"Sibiu Cultural Capital Website"
7342:"Transylvania (region, Romania)"
6483:Encyclopaedia Hungarica: English
5840:
5824:
5808:
5792:
5776:
5760:
5748:
5740:Coat of arms of Transylvania by
5733:
5724:Coat of arms of Transylvania by
5717:
5697:
5673:
5657:
5648:Coat of arms of Transylvania by
5641:
5538:in 1765, when she established a
4222:According to the results of the
4075:
4044:
4013:
3982:
3951:
3920:
3889:
3858:
3827:
3796:
3765:
3734:
3703:
3669:
3638:
3607:
3576:
3545:
3504:been the seat of Transylvania's
3115:
3105:
3062:
3052:
2757:
2451:
2439:
2424:
2409:
1851:, resulting in the formation of
1185:Historical names of Transylvania
934:Villages with fortified churches
641:
640:
618:
617:
599:
598:
570:
569:
537:64.5/km (167.1/sq mi) (
522:
118:
104:
8350:Between the Woods and the Water
8187:
8138:
8120:
8103:
8072:
8025:
7996:
7965:
7953:
7918:
7883:
7870:
7856:
7825:
7807:
7776:
7728:
7703:
7685:
7654:
7623:
7593:
7526:
7523:. Dorset Press, New York, 1990.
7503:
7412:
7385:
7358:
7267:
7252:
7242:Encyclopedia of World Biography
7230:
7103:
7077:
7037:
7024:
7012:
6993:
6981:
6969:
6957:
6942:
6930:
6915:
6888:
6876:
6861:
6736:
6691:
6666:
6614:
6587:
6584:, Greenwood Press, Westport, CT
6572:
6557:
6532:
6470:
6438:
6405:
6390:
6375:
6328:
6302:
6275:
5863:Transylvania in popular culture
5609:since the 16th century because
5573:beside the coat of arms of the
2258:mobilization of Romanian troops
2110:, according to the treaty. The
2099:, which was ruled primarily by
2042:refugees came to Transylvania.
1199:, meaning "beyond the forest" (
8195:"Zilele Filmului de Umor 2014"
7365:Sugar, Peter F. (2012-07-01).
7063:. London: Tauris. p. 27.
6726:, p. 24, London: I.B. Taurus.
6450:History of East Central Europe
6157:
6121:
6096:
6071:
6041:
6015:
5422:Peninsula / Félsziget Festival
4528:movement, its members, namely
4333:is another valuable resource.
3500:in Alba County, has since the
2568:(Câmpia Transilvaniei/Mezőség)
1781:is derived from the Hungarian
847:historical and cultural region
1:
8778:Historical regions in Romania
8338:Zoltán Farkas and Judit Sós,
7980:(in Romanian). Archived from
7481:Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
7112:Early Transylvania (895-1324)
6418:. Social Science Monographs.
6008:
5978:Transylvanian Saxon community
5918:, who was born in Lugos (now
5881:Following the publication of
5684:during his personal union of
5510:. It depicted a black eagle (
4129:Hungarian minority in Romania
4107:
3464:, and the wooden churches of
2858:Grey – historical regions of
2390:ethnic clashes of Târgu Mureș
2204:was executed the same day in
1079:March Constitution of Austria
1063:Rákóczi's War of Independence
951:It was under the rule of the
938:Historic Centre of Sighișoara
21:Transylvania (disambiguation)
7292:International Boundary Study
7263:(3rd ed.). CREDO. 2007.
7162:Madgearu, Alexandru (2018).
5692:and Transylvania (1599–1600)
5486:Coat of arms of Transylvania
5465:Sighișoara Medieval Festival
5302:The Saxon fortified churches
5228:(also known as Lake Ghilcoș)
4399:are connected with a strong
3514:Principality of Transylvania
3488:Principality of Transylvania
2974:Nord-Vest development region
2402:fall of the communist regime
2135:Principality of Transylvania
2122:possessions belonged to the
2114:continued to be part of the
2112:Principality of Transylvania
2093:Principality of Transylvania
2064:in 1190, during the rule of
1754:
1748:
1742:
1178:
1156:because of the influence of
1083:Principality of Transylvania
1071:Hungarian Revolution of 1848
1024:Principality of Transylvania
857:. To the east and south its
500:• January 2023 estimate
7:
8301:Erdély történetének atlasza
8037:. p. 5. Archived from
7943:, Durham, 1992, p.158-160.
7639:at romaniatraveltourism.com
6884:The Roman Province of Dacia
6233:International Monetary Fund
5962:
5508:Transylvania's coat of arms
5204:Sarmizegetusa Ulpia Traiana
5128:European Capital Of Culture
4733:that has four faculties of
4633:
4317:industries. Stock raising,
3476:European Capital of Culture
2501:Geographical map of Romania
2482:seen from the west end, in
2377:(Article 19), and the 1947
1821:. From the 4th century BC,
1758:are derived from Hungarian
1683:
1668:
1644:
1602:
1591:
1580:
1559:
1548:
1537:
1491:Трансилванија/Transilvanija
1466:
1312:
1301:
1275:
1111:Supplex Libellus Valachorum
1018:in 1526 it belonged to the
930:UNESCO World Heritage Sites
843:Transylvanian Saxon dialect
10:
8794:
7711:"www.hungarian-history.hu"
6872:Dacians, Romans, Romanians
5969:Prehistory of Transylvania
5887:The Land Beyond the Forest
5860:
5626:Transylvanian coat of arms
5603:Transylvanian coat of arms
5483:
5306:UNESCO World Heritage Site
5269:UNESCO World Heritage Site
5202:The Roman forts including
5197:UNESCO World Heritage Site
5142:and alleged birthplace of
5140:UNESCO World Heritage Site
4729:is the only university in
4497:
4477:, located in the south of
4237:
4122:
4111:
3104:
3051:
2991:
2682:(Székelyföld/Székely Land)
2652:(Nösnerland/Naszód vidéke)
2133:Administrative map of the
1958:people descended from the
1795:
1791:
1767:An occurrence of the form
1182:
25:
18:
8671:
8642:
8608:
8560:
8530:
8508:
8276:Hulsius, Levinus (1596).
7910:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
7833:"Clasificarea spitalelor"
7736:Magyarország statistikája
7521:A History of Transylvania
7425:. C. Hurst. p. 146.
7276:The Holy Crown of Hungary
6949:Macartney, Carlile Aylmer
6911:The Kingdom of the Gepids
6830:Drăganu, Nicolae (1924).
6635:10.1163/9789004303058_003
6461:Paul Lendvai, Ann Major.
6324:– via Google Books.
6298:– via Google Books.
6023:"Constitution of Romania"
5458:
5258:Merry Cemetery of Săpânța
4847:Evangelical Protestantism
4747:
4744:
4309:There are large iron and
4185:population of 5,262,495.
3510:Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
2970:Centru development region
2756:
2471:Geography and ethnography
2458:The National Assembly in
2089:Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
2051:Voivodate of Transylvania
2002:King Stephen I of Hungary
1677:
1638:
1554:
1543:
1526:
1490:
1482:
1472:
1455:
1307:
1290:
1269:
1141:, but it was returned to
1020:Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
979:(6th–9th centuries), the
975:(5th–6th centuries), the
971:(4th–5th centuries), the
773:
761:
749:
739:
729:
717:
693:
675:
660:
630:
611:
592:
578:
563:
545:
531:
512:
498:
493:
483:
469:
464:
457:
447:
377:
333:
213:
203:
193:
134:
100:
35:
6953:Hungary: a short history
6529:. Retrieved July 7, 2009
6513:. Retrieved July 7, 2009
6314:. Editura Cronos. 1990.
5988:
5710:Princess of Transylvania
5601:used the symbols of the
5452:Electric Castle Festival
5445:Rockstadt Extreme Fest,
5434:Toamna Muzicală Clujeană
5026:Biertan fortified church
4582:Notable writers such as
4571:(14th century), and the
4246:The former salt mine of
4149:Ethno-linguistic map of
3496:, a city located on the
2753:Administrative divisions
2545:. The area includes the
2386:under a communist regime
2264:on 1 December 1918. The
2194:The 13 Hungarian Martyrs
1836:, forming their kingdom
1445:[transilˈvani.a]
8700:) between May 1918 and
8419:, Katherine Lovatt, in
8387:History of Transylvania
8331:Encyclopædia Britannica
7476:Encyclopædia Britannica
7208:Makkai, László (2001).
7087:History of Transylvania
7060:The Realm of St Stephen
6987:Farkas, Zoltán (2007):
6975:Makkai, László (1975):
6938:The period of Avar rule
6743:Pop, Ion-Aurel (1997).
6527:Encyclopædia Britannica
6511:Encyclopædia Britannica
6138:(www.insse.ro/cms/en).
5951:The Writing on the Wall
5938:The Witch of Portobello
5634:Coat of arms of Hungary
5630:Coat of arms of Romania
5353:hiking and biking trail
5311:The Apuseni Mountains:
4656:Romanian Greek Catholic
4458:(alcoholic beverages),
4406:Native brands include:
4114:Demographics of Romania
2978:Vest development region
2234:Austro-Hungarian Empire
2190:Julius Jacob von Haynau
1871:invasions made Emperor
1798:History of Transylvania
1418:
1349:[ziːbm̩ˈbʏʁɡŋ̍]
1260:
1103:Austro-Hungarian Empire
1061:. After the failure of
1026:emerged in 1570 by the
853:, encompassing central
776:
204:Official languages
8740:Only the southern part
8340:Transylvania Guidebook
8282:(in Latin). Nuremberg.
7557:World Atlas of History
7553:Történelmi világatlasz
7419:Lendvai, Paul (2003).
7181:Jean W Sedlar (1994).
7135:Jean W Sedlar (1994).
7110:Kristó, Gyula (2003).
7043:Geréb, László (1957):
7030:Geréb, László (1993):
6807:The early Transylvania
6801:Kristó, Gyula (2002).
6782:Cite journal requires
6674:"Romania Transylvania"
6282:Elgie, Robert (2017).
5878:
5607:Hungarian coat of arms
5579:Prince of Transylvania
5567:Prince of Transylvania
5534:were granted by Queen
5524:seven fortified cities
5495:
5454:, Bontida, Cluj-Napoca
5164:with the 14th century
5120:European Youth Capital
5091:
5080:
5076:
5068:
5049:
5045:
5037:
5018:
5014:
5006:
4987:
4983:
4975:
4956:
4952:
4944:
4828:Mainline Protestantism
4640:Protestant Reformation
4510:
4259:
4251:
4154:
4141:List of Transylvanians
4099:
4091:
4067:
4059:
4036:
4028:
4005:
3997:
3974:
3966:
3943:
3935:
3912:
3904:
3881:
3873:
3850:
3842:
3819:
3811:
3788:
3780:
3757:
3749:
3726:
3718:
3692:
3684:
3661:
3653:
3630:
3622:
3599:
3591:
3568:
3560:
3506:Roman Catholic diocese
2502:
2494:
2486:
2346:
2287:
2138:
2108:prince of Transylvania
2068:
2054:
1937:First Bulgarian Empire
1861:costly and bloody wars
1810:
1783:
1777:
1760:
1736:
1730:
1724:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1698:
1692:
1653:
1629:
1612:
1517:
1499:
1438:
1427:
1408:
1403:
1393:
1388:
1372:
1362:
1343:
1333:
1327:
1322:
1251:
1245:
1239:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1201:
1195:
985:First Bulgarian Empire
983:, and the 9th century
829:
824:
816:
807:
802:
603:$ 194.00 billion (
75:
61:
47:
41:
8737:Only the eastern part
8732:Northern Transylvania
8421:Central Europe Review
8011:recensamantromania.ro
7941:Duke University Press
7819:recensamantromania.ro
7789:Columbia Encyclopedia
7750:International Affairs
6963:Bóna, István (1994):
6936:Bóna, István (1994):
6909:Bóna, István (1994):
6594:Pavel, Eugen (2018).
6523:"Diploma Leopoldinum"
6412:Béla Köpeczi (2008).
5956:Europa Universalis IV
5870:
5611:Transylvanian princes
5599:Transylvanian princes
5493:
5390:Humor Film Festival,
5089:Alba Carolina Citadel
5086:
5055:
5024:
4993:
4962:
4935:Drone footage of the
4934:
4515:Hungarians in Romania
4505:
4327:Transylvanian Plateau
4257:
4245:
4148:
4119:Historical population
4100:Straßburg am Mieresch
3697:Alba Carolina Citadel
3518:union of Transylvania
3443:, and is the seat of
2894:The 16 counties are:
2574:(Burzenland/Barcaság)
2556:Transylvania proper:
2507:Transylvanian Plateau
2500:
2492:
2478:
2367:Southern Transylvania
2355:Northern Transylvania
2341:
2277:Northern Transylvania
2274:
2266:Proclamation of Union
2200:, and Prime Minister
2132:
2124:Holy Crown of Hungary
2060:
2048:
1941:Southern Transylvania
1805:
1131:Northern Transylvania
1067:Transylvanian princes
973:Kingdom of the Gepids
485:• Water (%)
459:Establishment history
8734:in Hungary (1940–44)
8720:in Romania (1859–78)
8596:(1859–1940; 1941–44)
8345:Patrick Leigh Fermor
8325:"Transylvania"
7534:Romania – Government
7532:CIA World Factbook,
6882:Tóth, Endre (1994):
6542:, Brill, 2012, p. 56
6381:Dennis P. Hupchick,
6201:(in Romanian). INSSE
6110:(in Romanian). INSSE
6085:(in Romanian). INSSE
5528:Transylvanian Saxons
5413:Gărâna Jazz Festival
5404:Golden Stag Festival
5358:Festivals and events
5284:The villages in the
5170:The citadel and the
4526:Transylvanian School
4414:(trucks and buses),
4137:Transylvanian Saxons
3727:Neumarkt am Mieresch
2552:Ethnographic areas:
2543:Carpathian Mountains
2357:(including parts of
2178:Hungarian revolution
1948:Hungarian conquerors
1622:Transylvanian Saxons
1500:Ardieľ, Sedmohradsko
1168:Transylvanian Saxons
1107:Transylvanian School
1001:Stephen I of Hungary
865:and to the west the
863:Carpathian Mountains
781:, shared with other
695:• Summer (
19:For other uses, see
8743:Transylvania proper
8718:Southern Bessarabia
8246:Ströhl, Hugo Gerard
6722:Engel, Pál (2001).
6169:www.insse.ro/cms/en
5771:coat of arms (1850)
5726:Hristofor Žefarović
5504:Unio Trium Nationum
5193:Sarmizegetusa Regia
4918:Tourist attractions
4872:Jehovah's Witnesses
4481:, has been a major
4430:(pharmaceuticals),
3484:Transylvanian Saxon
2966:development regions
2668:Ținutul Pădurenilor
2566:Transylvanian Plain
2560:Mărginimea Sibiului
2547:Transylvanian Plain
2418:Sarmizegetusa Regia
2351:Second Vienna Award
2308:Romanian Revolution
2159:Treaty of Karlowitz
1974:. According to the
1806:Map of Dacia under
1690:The Hungarian form
1505:Transylvanian Saxon
1139:Second Vienna Award
1137:as a result of the
877:, and occasionally
429:0.27% undeclared /
214:Recognised minority
93:Transylvanian Saxon
28:Siebenbürgen (band)
8768:Historical regions
8584:(1918–40; 1941–44)
8578:(1918–40; 1941–44)
8553:(1913–16; 1919–40)
8498:Historical regions
8442:2018-05-05 at the
7635:2020-02-28 at the
7539:2020-05-05 at the
7519:in Pașcu, Ștefan.
7515:2007-04-24 at the
6894:Gündisch, Konrad:
6660:The New York Times
6340:legislatie.just.ro
6263:. 8 September 2022
5925:Hotel Transylvania
5879:
5857:In popular culture
5833:Kingdom of Romania
5817:Kingdom of Hungary
5801:Kingdom of Hungary
5785:Kingdom of Hungary
5742:Hugo Gerard Ströhl
5615:Kingdom of Hungary
5540:Grand Principality
5496:
5092:
5081:
5050:
5019:
4988:
4957:
4711:Germans in Romania
4519:Germans of Romania
4517:) and German (see
4511:
4468:Cugir Arms Factory
4432:Banca Transilvania
4260:
4252:
4218:Current population
4201:that followed the
4155:
3695:) defense wall of
3522:Kingdom of Romania
2503:
2495:
2487:
2347:
2288:
2262:Union with Romania
2238:Blaj Pronouncement
2182:Kingdom of Hungary
2139:
2116:Kingdom of Hungary
2073:Kingdom of Hungary
2069:
2062:Kingdom of Hungary
2055:
2010:Kingdom of Hungary
1811:
1710:(in modern script
1433:[arˈde̯al]
1170:were furious with
1129:in 1920. In 1940,
1123:Kingdom of Romania
1095:Kingdom of Hungary
1009:Kingdom of Hungary
588:2023 estimate
402:Romanian Orthodoxy
335:Ethnic groups
145: Transylvania
8750:
8749:
8376:978-606-8694-78-8
8313:978-80-89286-45-4
7616:978-0-19-822126-5
7584:Varga, E. Árpád,
7432:978-1-85065-682-1
7405:978-0-87338-283-0
7378:978-0-295-80363-0
7306:on March 3, 2009.
7194:978-0-295-97291-6
7148:978-0-295-97291-6
7114:. Lucidus Kiadó.
6493:978-1-55383-178-5
6425:978-0-88033-491-4
6311:Romania Directory
6053:Council of Europe
5682:Michael the Brave
5666:Sigismund Báthory
5605:usually with the
5595:Moldavian aurochs
5591:Michael the Brave
5571:Sigismund Báthory
5563:Sigismund Báthory
5544:Habsburg monarchy
5440:Artmania Festival
5351:Via Transilvanica
5280:Sighetu Marmației
4932:
4864:
4863:
4809:Latin Catholicism
4790:Greek Catholicism
4771:Eastern Orthodoxy
4703:Greek Catholicism
4699:Latin Catholicism
4695:Eastern Orthodoxy
4644:Romanian Orthodox
4563:, as well as the
4542:Romanian alphabet
4530:Samuil Micu-Klein
4353:Robert Bosch GmbH
4203:Treaty of Trianon
4182:Jewish population
3468:) being similar.
3433:
3432:
3005:"NIS 2021 Census"
2562:(Szeben-hegyalja)
2371:Allied Commission
2353:, Hungary gained
2328:Treaty of Trianon
2104:Hungarian princes
2079:appointed by the
1578:
1535:
1464:
1378:[ˈɛrdeːj]
1299:
1145:after the end of
1127:Treaty of Trianon
1101:) as part of the
1081:decreed that the
1055:Habsburg monarchy
1022:, from which the
959:(168 BC–106 AD),
867:Apuseni Mountains
792:
791:
721:dd.mm.yyyy (
613:• Per capita
565:• Per capita
8785:
8650:
8616:
8600:Western Moldavia
8568:
8551:Southern Dobruja
8546:Northern Dobruja
8538:
8516:
8496:
8495:
8486:
8479:
8472:
8463:
8462:
8458:
8401:
8380:
8335:
8327:
8284:
8283:
8273:
8267:
8266:
8264:
8262:
8256:
8242:
8236:
8235:
8233:
8231:
8216:
8210:
8209:
8207:
8205:
8191:
8185:
8184:
8182:
8181:
8166:
8157:
8156:
8154:
8153:
8142:
8136:
8135:
8124:
8118:
8117:
8115:
8107:
8101:
8100:
8098:
8097:
8091:
8085:. Archived from
8084:
8076:
8070:
8069:
8063:
8059:
8057:
8049:
8047:
8046:
8029:
8023:
8022:
8020:
8018:
8008:
8000:
7994:
7993:
7991:
7989:
7984:on 26 March 2023
7969:
7963:
7957:
7951:
7933:
7927:
7922:
7916:
7915:
7909:
7901:
7899:
7898:
7887:
7881:
7874:
7868:
7867:
7860:
7854:
7853:
7851:
7850:
7844:
7838:. Archived from
7837:
7829:
7823:
7822:
7811:
7805:
7804:
7802:
7801:
7792:. Archived from
7780:
7774:
7773:
7745:
7739:
7732:
7726:
7725:
7723:
7722:
7713:. Archived from
7707:
7701:
7700:
7695:. Archived from
7689:
7683:
7682:
7680:
7679:
7673:
7667:. Archived from
7666:
7658:
7652:
7646:
7640:
7627:
7621:
7620:
7597:
7591:
7582:
7571:
7570:
7549:
7543:
7530:
7524:
7507:
7501:
7498:
7492:
7491:
7489:
7488:
7467:
7458:
7457:
7455:
7454:
7443:
7437:
7436:
7416:
7410:
7409:
7389:
7383:
7382:
7362:
7356:
7355:
7353:
7352:
7338:
7332:
7331:
7329:
7328:
7314:
7308:
7307:
7305:
7298:
7286:
7280:
7273:Anthony Endrey,
7271:
7265:
7264:
7256:
7250:
7249:
7234:
7228:
7227:
7205:
7199:
7198:
7178:
7172:
7171:
7159:
7153:
7152:
7132:
7126:
7125:
7107:
7101:
7100:
7081:
7075:
7074:
7054:
7048:
7041:
7035:
7028:
7022:
7016:
7010:
7006:Gesta Hungarorum
6997:
6991:
6985:
6979:
6973:
6967:
6961:
6955:
6946:
6940:
6934:
6928:
6919:
6913:
6907:
6898:
6892:
6886:
6880:
6874:
6865:
6859:
6858:
6852:
6844:
6839:. Vol. II.
6838:
6827:
6821:
6820:
6798:
6792:
6791:
6785:
6780:
6778:
6770:
6762:
6756:
6755:
6753:
6752:
6740:
6734:
6720:
6714:
6713:
6711:
6709:
6704:. pp. 14–34
6695:
6689:
6688:
6686:
6685:
6670:
6664:
6663:
6652:
6646:
6645:
6643:
6641:
6618:
6612:
6611:
6609:
6607:
6591:
6585:
6576:
6570:
6561:
6555:
6549:
6543:
6536:
6530:
6520:
6514:
6504:
6498:
6497:
6474:
6468:
6459:
6453:
6444:Peter F. Sugar.
6442:
6436:
6435:
6433:
6432:
6409:
6403:
6396:Peter F. Sugar,
6394:
6388:
6379:
6373:
6372:
6370:
6368:
6350:
6344:
6343:
6332:
6326:
6325:
6306:
6300:
6299:
6279:
6273:
6272:
6270:
6268:
6258:
6250:
6244:
6243:
6241:
6239:
6221:
6210:
6209:
6207:
6206:
6191:
6185:
6184:
6182:
6180:
6161:
6155:
6154:
6152:
6150:
6144:
6133:
6125:
6119:
6118:
6116:
6115:
6100:
6094:
6093:
6091:
6090:
6075:
6069:
6068:
6066:
6064:
6045:
6039:
6038:
6036:
6034:
6019:
6002:
5999:
5983:Transylvanianism
5974:Siebenbürgenlied
5844:
5828:
5812:
5796:
5780:
5764:
5752:
5737:
5721:
5704:Coat of arms of
5701:
5677:
5661:
5645:
5252:Maramureș region
5106:Fortress of Deva
5098:, also known as
4937:Fortress of Deva
4933:
4740:
4739:
4648:Eastern Orthodox
4628:Transylvanianism
4579:(15th century).
4479:Hunedoara County
4391:. The cities of
4357:Emerson Electric
4313:, chemical, and
4082:Aiud Citadel in
4079:
4060:Sepsiszentgyörgy
4048:
4017:
3986:
3955:
3924:
3893:
3862:
3831:
3800:
3769:
3738:
3707:
3673:
3642:
3611:
3580:
3549:
3502:High Middle Ages
3119:
3109:
3066:
3056:
3001:
2989:
2988:
2984:Cities and towns
2761:
2745:
2720:
2701:
2680:Ținutul Secuiesc
2676:
2664:
2641:
2629:
2621:Țara Hălmagiului
2609:Țara Făgărașului
2604:
2586:
2541:branches of the
2539:Romanian Western
2455:
2443:
2428:
2413:
2324:Romanian Kingdom
2292:national holiday
2254:ethnic Romanians
2186:Habsburg dynasty
2167:Peace of Szatmár
2161:; however, some
2147:Battle of Vienna
2120:John Sigismund's
2097:Treaty of Speyer
2085:Battle of Mohács
2032:Battle of Kosovo
2023:Mongol Invasions
2014:Hungarian tribes
1982:Blacorum, Blacus
1977:Gesta Hungarorum
1972:Carpathian Basin
1933:Carpathian Basin
1819:Scythic cultures
1786:
1780:
1763:
1757:
1751:
1745:
1739:
1733:
1727:
1721:
1715:
1709:
1703:
1700:Gesta Hungarorum
1695:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1656:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1632:
1615:
1610:The German name
1605:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1562:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1530:
1528:
1492:
1484:
1475:
1474:
1469:
1459:
1457:
1447:
1441:
1435:
1411:
1396:
1380:
1365:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1351:
1336:
1330:
1315:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1294:
1292:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1263:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1214:
1204:
1198:
1172:Vlad the Impaler
1028:Treaty of Speyer
1016:Battle of Mohács
995:family from the
883:Western Moldavia
832:
810:
708:
684:
651:
650:
644:
643:
637:
621:
620:
602:
601:
585:
573:
572:
556:
526:
525:
167:
150:
144:
139:
122:
108:
86:
78:
72:
64:
58:
50:
44:
33:
32:
8793:
8792:
8788:
8787:
8786:
8784:
8783:
8782:
8753:
8752:
8751:
8746:
8667:
8638:
8604:
8556:
8526:
8504:
8490:
8456:
8444:Wayback Machine
8408:
8398:
8377:
8297:András Bereznay
8293:
8291:Further reading
8288:
8287:
8274:
8270:
8260:
8258:
8254:
8243:
8239:
8229:
8227:
8218:
8217:
8213:
8203:
8201:
8193:
8192:
8188:
8179:
8177:
8170:"Apuseni Caves"
8168:
8167:
8160:
8151:
8149:
8144:
8143:
8139:
8126:
8125:
8121:
8113:
8109:
8108:
8104:
8095:
8093:
8089:
8082:
8078:
8077:
8073:
8061:
8060:
8051:
8050:
8044:
8042:
8031:
8030:
8026:
8016:
8014:
8006:
8002:
8001:
7997:
7987:
7985:
7970:
7966:
7958:
7954:
7934:
7930:
7923:
7919:
7903:
7902:
7896:
7894:
7889:
7888:
7884:
7875:
7871:
7862:
7861:
7857:
7848:
7846:
7842:
7835:
7831:
7830:
7826:
7813:
7812:
7808:
7799:
7797:
7782:
7781:
7777:
7762:10.2307/2603603
7746:
7742:
7733:
7729:
7720:
7718:
7709:
7708:
7704:
7691:
7690:
7686:
7677:
7675:
7671:
7664:
7660:
7659:
7655:
7647:
7643:
7637:Wayback Machine
7628:
7624:
7617:
7598:
7594:
7583:
7574:
7567:
7551:
7550:
7546:
7541:Wayback Machine
7531:
7527:
7517:Wayback Machine
7508:
7504:
7499:
7495:
7486:
7484:
7469:
7468:
7461:
7452:
7450:
7445:
7444:
7440:
7433:
7417:
7413:
7406:
7390:
7386:
7379:
7363:
7359:
7350:
7348:
7340:
7339:
7335:
7326:
7324:
7316:
7315:
7311:
7303:
7296:
7288:
7287:
7283:
7272:
7268:
7258:
7257:
7253:
7236:
7235:
7231:
7224:
7206:
7202:
7195:
7179:
7175:
7160:
7156:
7149:
7133:
7129:
7122:
7108:
7104:
7097:
7082:
7078:
7071:
7055:
7051:
7042:
7038:
7029:
7025:
7017:
7013:
6998:
6994:
6986:
6982:
6974:
6970:
6962:
6958:
6947:
6943:
6935:
6931:
6920:
6916:
6908:
6901:
6893:
6889:
6881:
6877:
6866:
6862:
6846:
6845:
6836:
6828:
6824:
6817:
6799:
6795:
6783:
6781:
6772:
6771:
6763:
6759:
6750:
6748:
6741:
6737:
6721:
6717:
6707:
6705:
6696:
6692:
6683:
6681:
6672:
6671:
6667:
6654:
6653:
6649:
6639:
6637:
6619:
6615:
6605:
6603:
6592:
6588:
6578:James Minahan:
6577:
6573:
6562:
6558:
6550:
6546:
6537:
6533:
6521:
6517:
6505:
6501:
6494:
6475:
6471:
6460:
6456:
6443:
6439:
6430:
6428:
6426:
6410:
6406:
6395:
6391:
6380:
6376:
6366:
6364:
6352:
6351:
6347:
6334:
6333:
6329:
6322:
6308:
6307:
6303:
6296:
6280:
6276:
6266:
6264:
6256:
6252:
6251:
6247:
6237:
6235:
6223:
6222:
6213:
6204:
6202:
6193:
6192:
6188:
6178:
6176:
6171:(in Romanian).
6163:
6162:
6158:
6148:
6146:
6142:
6131:
6127:
6126:
6122:
6113:
6111:
6102:
6101:
6097:
6088:
6086:
6077:
6076:
6072:
6062:
6060:
6047:
6046:
6042:
6032:
6030:
6021:
6020:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6005:
6000:
5996:
5991:
5965:
5865:
5859:
5852:
5845:
5836:
5829:
5820:
5813:
5804:
5797:
5788:
5781:
5772:
5765:
5756:
5753:
5744:
5738:
5729:
5722:
5713:
5702:
5693:
5678:
5669:
5664:Coat of arm of
5662:
5653:
5650:Levinus Hulsius
5646:
5551:Levinus Hulsius
5488:
5482:
5461:
5428:Untold Festival
5400:
5398:Music festivals
5379:Gay Film Nights
5365:
5360:
5338:Rodna Mountains
5325:Scărișoara Cave
5265:Wooden Churches
5236:natural reserve
5174:city centre of
5153:and the nearby
4995:Râșnov Fortress
4953:Diemricher Burg
4922:
4920:
4688:Catholic Church
4636:
4538:Gheorghe Șincai
4500:
4450:(natural gas),
4422:(fertilizers),
4304:Bucharest-Ilfov
4240:
4220:
4199:Romanianization
4163:Habsburg Empire
4151:Austria-Hungary
4143:
4121:
4116:
4110:
4103:
4080:
4071:
4052:Sfântu Gheorghe
4049:
4040:
4018:
4009:
3987:
3978:
3956:
3947:
3925:
3916:
3894:
3885:
3863:
3854:
3832:
3823:
3801:
3792:
3770:
3761:
3739:
3730:
3708:
3699:
3674:
3665:
3643:
3634:
3612:
3603:
3581:
3572:
3550:
3434:
3409:Bistrița-Năsăud
3284:Sfântu Gheorghe
3120:
3114:
3110:
3067:
3061:
3057:
3009:
3008:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2986:
2908:Bistrița-Năsăud
2871:
2857:
2844:
2841:
2836:
2834:Bistrița-Năsăud
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2755:
2739:
2714:
2712:Țara Zarandului
2695:
2670:
2658:
2650:Țara Năsăudului
2635:
2623:
2598:
2596:Țara Chioarului
2580:
2473:
2466:
2456:
2447:
2444:
2435:
2429:
2420:
2414:
2392:between ethnic
2379:Treaty of Paris
2304:Unification Day
2300:Great Union Day
2279:being ceded to
2081:King of Hungary
1925:Frankish Empire
1826:La Tène culture
1800:
1794:
1773:Church Slavonic
1598:טראַנסילוואַניע
1353:
1352:
1207:accusative case
1187:
1181:
1059:Hungarian crown
963:(106–271), the
833:, historically
788:
703:
700:
679:
648:
647:
646:
635:
614:
595:
583:
566:
550:
534:
519:
504:6,478,126 (
501:
486:
472:
443:
430:
426:
385:
373:
343:
329:
226:
225:
215:
189:
188:
165:
163:
148:
146:
142:
130:
129:
128:
123:
115:
114:
109:
96:
87:
80:
73:
66:
59:
52:
38:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8791:
8781:
8780:
8775:
8770:
8765:
8748:
8747:
8745:
8744:
8741:
8738:
8735:
8729:
8721:
8715:
8704:
8689:
8681:
8672:
8669:
8668:
8666:
8665:
8660:
8654:
8652:
8640:
8639:
8637:
8636:
8631:
8626:
8620:
8618:
8606:
8605:
8603:
8602:
8597:
8591:
8585:
8579:
8572:
8570:
8558:
8557:
8555:
8554:
8548:
8542:
8540:
8528:
8527:
8525:
8524:
8520:
8518:
8506:
8505:
8489:
8488:
8481:
8474:
8466:
8460:
8459:
8457:(in Hungarian)
8451:
8432:
8424:
8414:
8407:
8406:External links
8404:
8403:
8402:
8396:
8381:
8375:
8362:
8342:
8336:
8322:, ed. (1911).
8320:Chisholm, Hugh
8316:
8292:
8289:
8286:
8285:
8268:
8237:
8226:. 26 June 2014
8211:
8186:
8158:
8137:
8119:
8102:
8071:
8062:|website=
8024:
7995:
7964:
7952:
7928:
7917:
7882:
7869:
7855:
7824:
7806:
7784:"Transylvania"
7775:
7756:(4): 481–503.
7740:
7727:
7702:
7699:on 2006-10-15.
7684:
7653:
7641:
7622:
7615:
7601:Keith Hitchins
7592:
7572:
7565:
7544:
7525:
7502:
7493:
7471:"Transylvania"
7459:
7438:
7431:
7411:
7404:
7384:
7377:
7357:
7346:Britannica.com
7333:
7322:Britannica.com
7309:
7281:
7266:
7251:
7229:
7222:
7200:
7193:
7173:
7154:
7147:
7127:
7120:
7102:
7095:
7076:
7069:
7049:
7047:(in Hungarian)
7045:Magyar Krónika
7036:
7034:(in Hungarian)
7023:
7011:
6992:
6980:
6968:
6956:
6941:
6929:
6914:
6899:
6887:
6875:
6860:
6843:. p. 237.
6822:
6815:
6803:A korai Erdély
6793:
6784:|journal=
6757:
6735:
6715:
6690:
6665:
6647:
6613:
6586:
6571:
6556:
6544:
6538:Laszlo Péter,
6531:
6515:
6507:"Transylvania"
6499:
6492:
6469:
6454:
6437:
6424:
6404:
6389:
6374:
6345:
6327:
6320:
6301:
6294:
6274:
6245:
6211:
6186:
6156:
6120:
6095:
6070:
6040:
6013:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6004:
6003:
5993:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5986:
5985:
5980:
5971:
5964:
5961:
5861:Main article:
5858:
5855:
5854:
5853:
5846:
5839:
5837:
5830:
5823:
5821:
5814:
5807:
5805:
5798:
5791:
5789:
5782:
5775:
5773:
5766:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5747:
5745:
5739:
5732:
5730:
5723:
5716:
5714:
5706:Sophia Báthory
5703:
5696:
5694:
5679:
5672:
5670:
5663:
5656:
5654:
5647:
5640:
5575:Báthory family
5484:Main article:
5481:
5478:
5477:
5476:
5473:
5468:
5460:
5457:
5456:
5455:
5449:
5443:
5437:
5431:
5425:
5419:
5410:
5399:
5396:
5395:
5394:
5388:
5382:
5376:
5364:
5363:Film festivals
5361:
5359:
5356:
5355:
5354:
5347:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5332:
5322:
5320:The Bears Cave
5317:
5309:
5299:
5298:
5297:
5282:
5274:The cities of
5272:
5261:
5248:
5242:Râșnov Citadel
5238:
5229:
5222:
5200:
5185:
5178:
5168:
5158:
5147:
5108:
5103:
4919:
4916:
4898:
4897:
4894:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4843:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4833:
4830:
4824:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4805:
4804:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4792:
4786:
4785:
4782:
4779:
4776:
4773:
4767:
4766:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4750:
4749:
4746:
4743:
4652:Latin Catholic
4635:
4632:
4604:Liviu Rebreanu
4521:) influences.
4499:
4496:
4470:, and others.
4373:Continental AG
4365:Alcatel-Lucent
4239:
4236:
4219:
4216:
4120:
4117:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4081:
4074:
4072:
4050:
4043:
4041:
4019:
4012:
4010:
3990:Miercurea Ciuc
3988:
3981:
3979:
3957:
3950:
3948:
3926:
3919:
3917:
3895:
3888:
3886:
3864:
3857:
3855:
3833:
3826:
3824:
3802:
3795:
3793:
3771:
3764:
3762:
3740:
3733:
3731:
3719:Marosvásárhely
3709:
3702:
3700:
3675:
3668:
3666:
3644:
3637:
3635:
3613:
3606:
3604:
3582:
3575:
3573:
3551:
3544:
3512:and the later
3431:
3430:
3427:
3422:
3420:Miercurea Ciuc
3417:
3414:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3397:
3396:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3210:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3159:
3158:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3125:
3124:
3103:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3071:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3003:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2737:Țara Lăpușului
2734:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2693:Țara Almăjului
2685:
2684:
2683:
2677:
2665:
2656:Țara Silvaniei
2653:
2647:
2642:
2633:Țara Mocanilor
2630:
2618:
2615:Țara Hațegului
2612:
2606:
2593:
2587:
2578:Țara Buzaielor
2575:
2569:
2563:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2457:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2438:
2436:
2431:Roman city of
2430:
2423:
2421:
2415:
2408:
2230:Transleithania
2214:Franz Joseph I
1939:expanded into
1855:in 106, after
1849:King Decebalus
1834:King Burebista
1796:Main article:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1765:
1688:
1607:
1606:
1563:
1560:Transyl'vaniya
1520:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1476:
1467:Transil'vaniya
1449:
1421:
1412:
1397:
1382:
1366:
1363:Transsilvanien
1337:
1316:
1191:Medieval Latin
1183:Main article:
1180:
1177:
1160:'s 1897 novel
1099:Transleithania
1036:Ottoman Empire
977:Avar Khaganate
957:Dacian Kingdom
955:, part of the
891:Suceava County
859:natural border
851:Central Europe
830:Transsilvanien
790:
789:
787:
786:
785:member states.
783:European Union
774:
771:
770:
765:
759:
758:
753:
747:
746:
741:
737:
736:
733:
727:
726:
719:
715:
714:
701:
694:
691:
690:
677:
673:
672:
662:
658:
657:
638:
628:
627:
622:$ 28,574 (
615:
612:
609:
608:
596:
593:
590:
589:
586:
576:
575:
567:
564:
561:
560:
557:
543:
542:
535:
533:• Density
532:
529:
528:
520:
513:
510:
509:
502:
499:
496:
495:
491:
490:
487:
484:
481:
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461:
455:
454:
451:
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444:
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441:
435:
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427:
425:
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423:
422:
416:
410:
404:
391:
388:
386:
379:
375:
374:
372:
371:
365:
359:
353:
346:
344:
337:
331:
330:
328:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
237:
232:
221:
220:
219:
217:
211:
210:
205:
201:
200:
195:
191:
190:
164:
147:
141:
140:
132:
131:
124:
117:
116:
110:
103:
102:
101:
98:
97:
39:
36:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8790:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8771:
8769:
8766:
8764:
8761:
8760:
8758:
8742:
8739:
8736:
8733:
8730:
8727:
8726:
8722:
8719:
8716:
8714:
8713:November 1919
8710:
8709:
8705:
8703:
8702:November 1919
8699:
8695:
8694:
8690:
8687:
8686:
8682:
8679:
8678:
8674:
8673:
8670:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8655:
8653:
8649:
8645:
8641:
8635:
8632:
8630:
8627:
8625:
8622:
8621:
8619:
8615:
8611:
8607:
8601:
8598:
8595:
8592:
8589:
8586:
8583:
8580:
8577:
8574:
8573:
8571:
8567:
8563:
8559:
8552:
8549:
8547:
8544:
8543:
8541:
8537:
8533:
8529:
8522:
8521:
8519:
8515:
8511:
8507:
8503:
8499:
8487:
8482:
8480:
8475:
8473:
8468:
8467:
8464:
8455:
8452:
8449:
8448:Charles Boner
8445:
8441:
8438:
8437:
8433:
8430:
8429:
8425:
8422:
8418:
8415:
8413:
8410:
8409:
8399:
8397:963-05-6703-2
8393:
8389:
8388:
8382:
8378:
8372:
8368:
8363:
8360:
8359:1-59017-166-7
8356:
8352:
8351:
8346:
8343:
8341:
8337:
8333:
8332:
8326:
8321:
8317:
8314:
8310:
8306:
8302:
8298:
8295:
8294:
8281:
8280:
8272:
8253:
8252:
8247:
8241:
8225:
8221:
8215:
8200:
8199:timisoreni.ro
8196:
8190:
8176:on 2012-03-16
8175:
8171:
8165:
8163:
8147:
8141:
8133:
8129:
8123:
8112:
8106:
8092:on 2017-12-15
8088:
8081:
8075:
8067:
8055:
8041:on 2016-04-26
8040:
8036:
8035:
8028:
8013:(in Romanian)
8012:
8005:
7999:
7983:
7979:
7978:Nyugati Jelen
7975:
7968:
7961:
7956:
7950:
7949:0-8223-1241-7
7946:
7942:
7938:
7932:
7926:
7921:
7913:
7907:
7892:
7886:
7879:
7873:
7865:
7859:
7845:on 2016-03-04
7841:
7834:
7828:
7820:
7816:
7810:
7796:on 2008-09-05
7795:
7791:
7790:
7785:
7779:
7771:
7767:
7763:
7759:
7755:
7751:
7744:
7737:
7734:Elek Fényes,
7731:
7717:on 2017-02-02
7716:
7712:
7706:
7698:
7694:
7688:
7674:on 2013-07-17
7670:
7663:
7657:
7650:
7649:Chisholm 1911
7645:
7638:
7634:
7631:
7626:
7618:
7612:
7608:
7607:
7602:
7596:
7589:
7588:
7581:
7579:
7577:
7568:
7566:963-352-519-5
7562:
7558:
7554:
7548:
7542:
7538:
7535:
7529:
7522:
7518:
7514:
7511:
7506:
7497:
7482:
7478:
7477:
7472:
7466:
7464:
7448:
7442:
7434:
7428:
7424:
7423:
7415:
7407:
7401:
7397:
7396:
7388:
7380:
7374:
7370:
7369:
7361:
7347:
7343:
7337:
7323:
7319:
7313:
7302:
7295:
7293:
7285:
7278:
7277:
7270:
7262:
7255:
7247:
7243:
7239:
7233:
7225:
7223:0-88033-479-7
7219:
7215:
7211:
7204:
7196:
7190:
7186:
7185:
7177:
7169:
7168:De Medio Aevo
7165:
7158:
7150:
7144:
7140:
7139:
7131:
7123:
7121:963-9465-12-7
7117:
7113:
7106:
7098:
7096:963-05-6703-2
7092:
7088:
7080:
7072:
7070:1-85043-977-X
7066:
7062:
7061:
7053:
7046:
7040:
7033:
7032:Képes Krónika
7027:
7021:
7015:
7009:
7007:
7001:
6996:
6990:
6984:
6978:
6972:
6966:
6960:
6954:
6950:
6945:
6939:
6933:
6927:
6923:
6922:Curta, Florin
6918:
6912:
6906:
6904:
6897:
6891:
6885:
6879:
6873:
6869:
6868:Vékony, Gábor
6864:
6856:
6850:
6842:
6835:
6834:
6826:
6818:
6812:
6808:
6804:
6797:
6789:
6776:
6768:
6761:
6746:
6739:
6733:
6732:1-86064-061-3
6729:
6725:
6719:
6703:
6702:
6694:
6679:
6678:Icromania.com
6675:
6669:
6662:. 1993-08-22.
6661:
6657:
6651:
6636:
6632:
6628:
6624:
6617:
6601:
6597:
6590:
6583:
6582:
6575:
6568:
6567:
6560:
6553:
6548:
6541:
6535:
6528:
6524:
6519:
6512:
6508:
6503:
6495:
6489:
6485:
6484:
6478:
6473:
6466:
6465:
6458:
6451:
6447:
6441:
6427:
6421:
6417:
6416:
6408:
6401:
6400:
6393:
6386:
6385:
6378:
6363:
6359:
6355:
6349:
6341:
6337:
6331:
6323:
6321:9789739000000
6317:
6313:
6312:
6305:
6297:
6295:9781137346223
6291:
6287:
6286:
6278:
6262:
6255:
6249:
6234:
6230:
6226:
6220:
6218:
6216:
6200:
6196:
6190:
6174:
6170:
6166:
6160:
6141:
6137:
6130:
6124:
6109:
6105:
6099:
6084:
6080:
6074:
6058:
6054:
6050:
6044:
6028:
6024:
6018:
6014:
5998:
5994:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5966:
5960:
5958:
5957:
5952:
5948:
5947:Miklós Bánffy
5944:
5940:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5927:
5926:
5921:
5917:
5913:
5910:
5906:
5902:
5901:
5896:
5895:gothic horror
5892:
5888:
5884:
5877:
5876:Count Dracula
5873:
5869:
5864:
5850:
5843:
5838:
5834:
5827:
5822:
5818:
5811:
5806:
5802:
5795:
5790:
5786:
5779:
5774:
5770:
5763:
5758:
5751:
5746:
5743:
5736:
5731:
5727:
5720:
5715:
5711:
5707:
5700:
5695:
5691:
5687:
5683:
5676:
5671:
5667:
5660:
5655:
5651:
5644:
5639:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5631:
5627:
5623:
5618:
5616:
5612:
5608:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5592:
5588:
5584:
5580:
5576:
5572:
5568:
5564:
5560:
5557:", issued in
5556:
5552:
5547:
5545:
5541:
5537:
5536:Maria Theresa
5533:
5529:
5525:
5521:
5517:
5513:
5509:
5505:
5501:
5492:
5487:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5466:
5463:
5462:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5444:
5441:
5438:
5436:, Cluj-Napoca
5435:
5432:
5429:
5426:
5424:, Târgu-Mureș
5423:
5420:
5418:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5393:
5389:
5387:, Cluj-Napoca
5386:
5383:
5381:, Cluj-Napoca
5380:
5377:
5374:
5370:
5367:
5366:
5352:
5348:
5345:
5341:
5339:
5335:
5330:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5281:
5277:
5273:
5270:
5266:
5262:
5259:
5255:
5254:
5253:
5249:
5247:
5243:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5230:
5227:
5223:
5221:
5217:
5213:
5209:
5205:
5201:
5198:
5194:
5190:
5186:
5183:
5182:Densuș Church
5179:
5177:
5173:
5169:
5167:
5166:Corvin Castle
5163:
5159:
5156:
5155:Poiana Brașov
5152:
5148:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5117:
5113:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5101:
5097:
5094:
5093:
5090:
5085:
5078:
5074:
5070:
5066:
5062:
5058:
5054:
5047:
5043:
5039:
5035:
5031:
5027:
5023:
5016:
5012:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4992:
4985:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4965:
4964:Corvin Castle
4961:
4954:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4908:
4904:
4895:
4892:
4888:
4884:
4883:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4873:
4869:
4859:
4856:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4825:
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4818:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4802:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4768:
4764:
4761:
4758:
4755:
4753:Denomination
4752:
4751:
4742:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4725:, located in
4724:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4708:
4707:Protestantism
4704:
4700:
4696:
4691:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4657:
4653:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4631:
4629:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4600:Octavian Goga
4597:
4593:
4592:George Coșbuc
4589:
4585:
4580:
4578:
4574:
4573:Hunyad Castle
4570:
4569:Brașov County
4566:
4562:
4558:
4554:
4550:
4545:
4543:
4539:
4535:
4531:
4527:
4522:
4520:
4516:
4508:
4507:George Coșbuc
4504:
4495:
4493:
4487:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4471:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4449:
4445:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4429:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4409:
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4402:
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4394:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4332:
4328:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4307:
4305:
4299:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4256:
4249:
4244:
4235:
4233:
4229:
4225:
4215:
4213:
4209:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4190:
4188:
4187:Magyarization
4183:
4178:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
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4115:
4101:
4097:
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4078:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4047:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4016:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3985:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3954:
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3923:
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3914:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3892:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3861:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3830:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3799:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3768:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3737:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3706:
3701:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3685:Gyulafehérvár
3682:
3678:
3672:
3667:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3641:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3610:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3579:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3548:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3438:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3154:
3153:Caraș-Severin
3151:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3006:
2990:
2981:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2916:Caraș-Severin
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2880:
2874:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2779:Caraș-Severin
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2746:(Lápos-vidék)
2743:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2724:
2718:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2705:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2686:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2634:
2631:
2627:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2499:
2491:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2465:
2461:
2454:
2449:
2442:
2437:
2434:
2427:
2422:
2419:
2412:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2345:
2340:
2336:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2302:(also called
2301:
2297:
2293:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2260:, proclaimed
2259:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2222:
2220:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2163:anti-Habsburg
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1980:, the Vlach (
1979:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1921:Slavic tribes
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1865:East Germanic
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1830:Dacian tribes
1827:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1785:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1738:
1732:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1675:
1670:
1660:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1618:ethnic German
1614:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1593:
1582:
1576:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1555:Трансильванія
1550:
1539:
1533:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1488:
1480:
1477:
1468:
1462:
1456:Трансильвания
1453:
1450:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:Transilvaniya
1416:
1413:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1394:Transsilvania
1390:
1389:Ultrasilvania
1386:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1356:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1334:Transilvanija
1329:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1313:Transilvanija
1303:
1297:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1225:
1224:Ultrasylvania
1219:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1197:
1192:
1186:
1176:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1053:In 1690, the
1051:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
969:Hunnic Empire
966:
962:
958:
954:
949:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
894:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
831:
826:
822:
818:
814:
809:
804:
800:
796:
784:
780:
775:
772:
769:
766:
764:
760:
757:
754:
752:
751:ISO 3166 code
748:
745:
742:
738:
734:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
706:
702:
698:
692:
688:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
663:
659:
655:
639:
633:
629:
625:
616:
610:
606:
597:
591:
587:
581:
577:
568:
562:
558:
554:
548:
544:
540:
536:
530:
521:
517:
511:
507:
503:
497:
492:
488:
482:
478:
474:
468:
463:
460:
456:
453:Transylvanian
452:
450:
446:
440:
436:
433:
428:
421:
417:
415:
411:
409:
408:Protestantism
405:
403:
399:
398:
397:
393:
392:
390:
389:
387:
383:
376:
370:
366:
364:
360:
358:
354:
352:
348:
347:
345:
341:
336:
332:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
227:
224:
218:
212:
209:
206:
202:
199:
196:
192:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
162:
158:
154:
138:
133:
127:
121:
113:
107:
99:
94:
90:
84:
77:
70:
63:
56:
49:
43:
34:
29:
22:
8763:Transylvania
8724:
8707:
8698:Danube Delta
8692:
8684:
8676:
8634:Székely Land
8610:Transylvania
8609:
8435:
8427:
8420:
8386:
8366:
8348:
8329:
8304:
8300:
8278:
8271:
8259:. Retrieved
8250:
8240:
8228:. Retrieved
8223:
8214:
8202:. Retrieved
8198:
8189:
8178:. Retrieved
8174:the original
8150:. Retrieved
8140:
8131:
8122:
8105:
8094:. Retrieved
8087:the original
8074:
8043:. Retrieved
8039:the original
8033:
8027:
8015:. Retrieved
8010:
7998:
7986:. Retrieved
7982:the original
7977:
7967:
7955:
7936:
7931:
7920:
7895:. Retrieved
7885:
7877:
7872:
7858:
7847:. Retrieved
7840:the original
7827:
7818:
7809:
7798:. Retrieved
7794:the original
7787:
7778:
7753:
7749:
7743:
7735:
7730:
7719:. Retrieved
7715:the original
7705:
7697:the original
7687:
7676:. Retrieved
7669:the original
7656:
7644:
7630:Transilvania
7625:
7605:
7595:
7586:
7556:
7552:
7547:
7528:
7520:
7505:
7496:
7485:. Retrieved
7474:
7451:. Retrieved
7441:
7421:
7414:
7394:
7387:
7367:
7360:
7349:. Retrieved
7345:
7336:
7325:. Retrieved
7321:
7312:
7301:the original
7291:
7284:
7275:
7269:
7260:
7254:
7245:
7241:
7232:
7213:
7203:
7183:
7176:
7167:
7157:
7137:
7130:
7111:
7105:
7086:
7079:
7059:
7052:
7039:
7026:
7014:
7005:
7000:Rady, Martyn
6995:
6989:Transylvania
6983:
6971:
6959:
6944:
6932:
6917:
6890:
6878:
6863:
6832:
6825:
6806:
6802:
6796:
6775:cite journal
6766:
6760:
6749:. Retrieved
6738:
6723:
6718:
6706:. Retrieved
6700:
6693:
6682:. Retrieved
6680:. 2007-04-15
6677:
6668:
6659:
6650:
6638:. Retrieved
6626:
6616:
6604:. Retrieved
6600:Academia.edu
6599:
6589:
6580:
6574:
6565:
6559:
6547:
6534:
6526:
6518:
6510:
6502:
6482:
6472:
6463:
6457:
6449:
6440:
6429:. Retrieved
6414:
6407:
6398:
6392:
6383:
6377:
6365:. Retrieved
6358:ec.europa.eu
6357:
6348:
6339:
6330:
6310:
6304:
6288:. Springer.
6284:
6277:
6265:. Retrieved
6248:
6236:. Retrieved
6228:
6203:. Retrieved
6199:www.insse.ro
6198:
6189:
6179:24 September
6177:. Retrieved
6168:
6159:
6147:. Retrieved
6123:
6112:. Retrieved
6108:www.insse.ro
6107:
6098:
6087:. Retrieved
6083:www.insse.ro
6082:
6073:
6061:. Retrieved
6052:
6043:
6031:. Retrieved
6017:
5997:
5954:
5950:
5936:
5933:Paulo Coelho
5930:
5923:
5898:
5886:
5883:Emily Gerard
5880:
5619:
5554:
5548:
5497:
5467:, Sighișoara
5344:Salina Turda
5315:Țara Moților
5191:, including
5160:The town of
5149:The city of
5144:Vlad Dracula
5077:Die Törzburg
5007:Barcarozsnyó
4900:
4899:
4889:) and Jews (
4878:
4877:
4876:
4865:
4715:Pentecostals
4692:
4682:. Under the
4672:Christianity
4637:
4623:
4616:Elek Benedek
4596:Ioan Slavici
4588:Lucian Blaga
4581:
4553:Black Church
4549:Gothic style
4546:
4523:
4512:
4488:
4472:
4405:
4335:
4308:
4300:
4261:
4248:Salina Turda
4230:(73.6%) and
4221:
4191:
4179:
4156:
3631:Hermannstadt
3492:
3470:
3435:
2963:
2960:
2893:
2886:
2875:
2872:
2842:
2731:Țara Oașului
2645:Țara Moților
2592:(Kalotaszeg)
2590:Țara Călatei
2551:
2504:
2480:Turda Gorges
2383:
2348:
2344:World War II
2333:Székely Land
2303:
2289:
2285:World War II
2265:
2242:
2240:in protest.
2223:
2175:
2140:
2083:. After the
2070:
1981:
1975:
1945:
1909:King Elemund
1897:King Ardaric
1877:Lower Danube
1845:Roman Empire
1842:
1812:
1768:
1645:Sedmigradsko
1639:Седмиградско
1630:Sedmogradska
1613:Siebenbürgen
1603:Transilvanye
1508:
1483:Ердељ/Erdelj
1439:Transilvania
1409:Transylwania
1344:Siebenbürgen
1323:Sedmogradska
1308:Трансилвания
1302:Sedmigradsko
1291:Седмиградско
1281:
1230:Transylvania
1196:ultra silvam
1188:
1161:
1151:
1147:World War II
1133:reverted to
1052:
1032:vassal state
1013:
950:
932:such as the
895:
838:
834:
825:Siebenbürgen
803:Transilvania
795:Transylvania
794:
793:
763:Internet TLD
740:Calling code
665:Romanian leu
594:• Total
518: census
471:• Total
434:0.0% no data
418:2.10% other
396:Christianity
222:
194:Largest city
126:Coat of arms
88:
76:Siebenbürgen
42:Transilvania
37:Transylvania
8261:24 November
7962:. cnewa.org
7259:"Hungary".
7238:"Stephen I"
6602:. p. 1
6267:8 September
6025:. Cdep.ro.
5916:Bela Lugosi
5891:Bram Stoker
5835:(1921–1947)
5819:(1915–1918)
5803:(1867–1915)
5787:(1867–1915)
5555:Chronologia
5542:within the
5385:Comedy Cluj
5373:Cluj-Napoca
5329:Alba County
5233:Turda Gorge
5172:Art Nouveau
5132:Târgu Mureș
5116:Cluj-Napoca
5096:Bran Castle
5057:Bran Castle
4976:Vajdahunyad
4727:Cluj-Napoca
4612:Elie Wiesel
4584:Emil Cioran
4565:Bran Castle
4534:Petru Maior
4483:mining area
4460:Timișoreana
4456:Alba county
4438:(finance),
4436:Cluj-Napoca
4428:Cluj-Napoca
4420:Târgu Mureș
4397:Târgu Mureș
4393:Cluj Napoca
4369:Flextronics
4349:Cluj-Napoca
4341:electronics
4319:agriculture
4288:natural gas
4224:2011 census
4208:Old Kingdom
4167:Fényes Elek
4006:Szeklerburg
3998:Csíkszereda
3789:Großwardein
3758:Temeschburg
3711:Târgu Mureș
3569:Klausenburg
3553:Cluj-Napoca
3498:Mureș River
3445:Cluj County
3437:Cluj-Napoca
3302:Târgu Mureș
3077:Cluj-Napoca
3059:Cluj-Napoca
2740: [
2715: [
2696: [
2671: [
2659: [
2636: [
2624: [
2599: [
2581: [
2572:Țara Bârsei
2484:Cluj county
2250:World War I
2075:, led by a
2053:'s in color
1889:King Attila
1853:Roman Dacia
1722:. The word
1654:Siedmiogród
1473:Седмиградье
1404:Siedmiogród
1158:Bram Stoker
1115:World War I
961:Roman Dacia
910:Târgu Mureș
898:Cluj-Napoca
718:Date format
645: 0.829
431:no religion
414:Catholicism
198:Cluj-Napoca
8757:Categories
8728:since 1919
8688:since 1862
8680:since 1920
8576:Bessarabia
8230:25 January
8204:25 January
8180:2012-07-30
8152:2012-07-30
8096:2018-04-16
8045:2016-05-09
7897:2016-05-08
7849:2016-01-21
7800:2008-11-18
7721:2017-07-10
7678:2018-04-17
7487:2008-08-01
7453:2012-07-30
7351:2012-07-30
7327:2012-07-30
7170:: 219–220.
6816:9634825583
6751:2013-10-03
6684:2012-07-30
6431:2017-07-10
6205:2023-09-24
6114:2023-09-24
6089:2023-09-24
6063:3 December
6009:References
5893:wrote his
5516:Hungarians
5208:Porolissum
5157:ski resort
5136:Sighișoara
5130:in 2007),
5112:Alba Iulia
5038:Berethalom
4984:Eisenmarkt
4874:and more.
4670:branches.
4620:Károly Kós
4561:cathedrals
4475:Jiu Valley
4345:automotive
4175:Hungarians
4173:and 23.3%
4123:See also:
4112:See also:
4108:Population
4037:Thorenburg
3944:Frauenbach
3905:Szászsebes
3804:Sighișoara
3677:Alba Iulia
3623:Nagyszeben
3526:Sighișoara
3494:Alba Iulia
3480:Luxembourg
3093:Alba Iulia
2460:Alba Iulia
2398:Hungarians
2316:Bessarabia
2224:After the
2137:in 1606–60
1990:Hungarians
1964:Hungarians
1901:Ostrogoths
1755:Erdelistan
1737:Havas-elve
1509:Siweberjen
1075:April Laws
1040:suzerainty
1014:After the
1011:in 1002.
926:Sighișoara
918:Alba Iulia
839:Siweberjen
494:Population
449:Demonym(s)
357:Hungarians
270:Macedonian
89:Siweberjen
8644:Wallachia
8629:Maramureș
8224:HotNewsRo
8064:ignored (
8054:cite book
7891:"Cultura"
6849:cite book
6841:Bucharest
6627:brill.com
6367:16 August
6033:2 October
5935:'s novel
5686:Wallachia
5583:Wallachia
5559:Nuremberg
5549:In 1596,
5392:Timișoara
5276:Baia Mare
5162:Hunedoara
5102:'s Castle
5065:Hungarian
5034:Hungarian
5003:Hungarian
4972:Hungarian
4968:Hunedoara
4945:Déva vára
4941:Hungarian
4911:Maramureș
4868:Adventism
4832:1,038,464
4794:1,385,017
4781:4,478,532
4775:1,933,589
4684:Habsburgs
4668:Unitarian
4608:Endre Ady
4577:Hunedoara
4464:Timișoara
4361:Timișoara
4276:manganese
4212:Bucharest
4171:Romanians
4159:Joseph II
4092:Nagyenyed
4088:Hungarian
4056:Hungarian
4025:Hungarian
3994:Hungarian
3963:Hungarian
3936:Nagybánya
3932:Hungarian
3928:Baia Mare
3901:Hungarian
3874:Beszterce
3870:Hungarian
3839:Hungarian
3820:Schäßburg
3808:Hungarian
3781:Nagyvárad
3777:Hungarian
3746:Hungarian
3742:Timișoara
3715:Hungarian
3693:Karlsburg
3681:Hungarian
3650:Hungarian
3619:Hungarian
3600:Kronstadt
3588:Hungarian
3561:Kolozsvár
3557:Hungarian
3520:with the
3466:Maramureș
3458:Black Sea
3441:Bucharest
3375:Satu Mare
3370:Satu Mare
3341:Maramureș
3336:Baia Mare
3255:Hunedoara
3250:Hunedoara
3187:Hunedoara
3132:Timișoara
3069:Timișoara
2948:Satu Mare
2936:Maramureș
2932:Hunedoara
2860:Wallachia
2855:Maramureș
2839:Maramureș
2789:Satu Mare
2784:Hunedoara
2733:(Avasság)
2726:Maramureș
2617:(Hátszeg)
2611:(Fogaras)
2416:Ruins of
2394:Romanians
2363:Maramureș
2322:with the
2226:Ausgleich
2202:Batthyány
2184:from the
2151:Leopold I
2143:Habsburgs
2101:Calvinist
2019:Romanians
2006:Gyula III
1996:from the
1984:) leader
1968:conquered
1952:Romanians
1929:Avar Wars
1817:, of the
1815:Agathyrsi
1808:Burebista
1719:Erdő-elve
1684:Semyhorod
1678:Семигород
1674:Ukrainian
1669:Zibnbergn
1663:זיבנבערגן
1635:Bulgarian
1581:Zibnbergn
1575:romanized
1570:זיבנבערגן
1549:Zalissiya
1538:Semyhorod
1532:romanized
1527:Семигород
1523:Ukrainian
1461:romanized
1369:Hungarian
1331:(hist.),
1296:romanized
1287:Bulgarian
1266:Ukrainian
1240:Erdő-elve
1235:Hungarian
1179:Etymology
1005:Gyula III
953:Agathyrsi
875:Maramureș
813:Hungarian
731:Drives on
676:Time zone
649:very high
584:(nominal)
527:6,461,780
420:Christian
378:Religion
351:Romanians
320:Ukrainian
295:Ruthenian
275:Hungarian
240:Bulgarian
216:languages
161:Maramureș
69:Hungarian
8658:Muntenia
8588:Bukovina
8562:Moldavia
8440:Archived
8248:(1890).
8017:19 March
7988:19 March
7906:cite web
7633:Archived
7603:(1994).
7537:Archived
7513:Archived
6951:(1962):
6924:(2006):
6870:(2000):
6640:6 August
6606:6 August
6525:(2009).
6509:(2009).
6362:Eurostat
6238:11 April
6149:20 March
6140:Archived
6057:Archived
6027:Archived
5963:See also
5905:vampires
5889:(1888),
5769:Austrian
5690:Moldavia
5680:Seal of
5587:Moldavia
5520:Székelys
5226:Red Lake
5216:Potaissa
5087:Gate to
5069:Törcsvár
5046:Birthälm
4765:Percent
4759:Percent
4735:theology
4719:Baptists
4664:Reformed
4660:Lutheran
4646:, other
4634:Religion
4444:Transgaz
4416:Azomureș
4232:Harghita
4195:magnates
4133:Székelys
3975:Diemrich
3882:Bistritz
3866:Bistrița
3851:Mediasch
3812:Segesvár
3750:Temesvár
3538:Bistrița
3462:Moldavia
3425:Harghita
3404:Bistrița
2928:Harghita
2883:Romanian
2879:counties
2864:Moldavia
2819:Harghita
2535:Southern
2373:through
2320:Bukovina
2066:Béla III
1913:Lombards
1905:Pannonia
1873:Aurelian
1713:Erdeüleü
1707:Erdeuleu
1626:Croatian
1592:Zimbergn
1587:זימבערגן
1424:Romanian
1319:Croatian
1276:Zalissia
1261:überwald
1243:, later
1227:, later
1154:vampires
1113:. After
1048:Habsburg
944:and the
914:Bistrița
887:Bukovina
835:Überwald
799:Romanian
661:Currency
574:$ 41,633
559:estimate
245:Croatian
235:Armenian
230:Albanian
223:See here
208:Romanian
182:Muntenia
178:Moldavia
170:Bukovina
55:Romanian
8725:De jure
8708:De jure
8693:De jure
8685:De jure
8677:De jure
8663:Oltenia
8651:(1859–)
8624:Crișana
8617:(1918–)
8569:(1859–)
8539:(1878–)
8532:Dobruja
8517:(1918–)
8502:Romania
7770:2603603
7606:Romania
6708:23 July
6229:IMF.org
5912:in film
5909:Dracula
5900:Dracula
5849:Romania
5622:Romania
5526:of the
5442:, Sibiu
5296:valleys
5220:Drobeta
5122:2015),
5100:Dracula
5030:Biertan
5015:Rosenau
4907:Crișana
4891:Judaism
4857:339,472
4838:675,107
4819:632,948
4813:946,100
4800:142,862
4680:Muslims
4498:Culture
4424:Terapia
4401:medical
4315:textile
4264:lignite
4238:Economy
4228:Covasna
4153:, 1910.
3913:Mülbach
3843:Medgyes
3429:34,484
3395:35,450
3361:39,505
3345:108,759
3327:43,319
3311:116,033
3293:50,080
3289:Covasna
3277:134,309
3259:50,457
3243:145,078
3225:52,359
3209:183,105
3191:53,113
3175:237,589
3157:58,393
3141:250,849
3102:64,227
3086:286,598
2924:Covasna
2868:Dobruja
2851:Crișana
2814:Covasna
2707:Crișana
2605:(Kővár)
2531:Eastern
2359:Crișana
2296:Romania
2281:Hungary
2095:by the
2077:voivode
2040:Serbian
2027:Balkans
1956:Székely
1792:History
1769:Ardeliu
1672:), and
1659:Yiddish
1577::
1566:Yiddish
1544:Залісся
1534::
1514:Turkish
1487:Serbian
1479:Serbian
1463::
1452:Russian
1298::
1270:Залісся
1163:Dracula
1143:Romania
1135:Hungary
1125:by the
1087:Hungary
1044:Ottoman
1034:of the
993:Gyula's
871:Crișana
861:is the
855:Romania
845:) is a
841:in the
837:, also
652: (
514:•
406:14.04%
400:65.96%
394:91.42%
355:17.36%
349:76.42%
325:Yiddish
315:Turkish
300:Serbian
290:Russian
265:Italian
186:Oltenia
174:Dobruja
157:Crișana
8594:Hertsa
8582:Budjak
8450:, 1865
8394:
8373:
8357:
8311:
7947:
7768:
7613:
7563:
7429:
7402:
7375:
7220:
7191:
7145:
7118:
7093:
7067:
6813:
6730:
6490:
6422:
6318:
6292:
5943:Romani
5897:novel
5872:Lugosi
5851:(2016)
5728:(1741)
5652:(1596)
5624:, the
5530:. The
5459:Others
5447:Râșnov
5417:Gărâna
5408:Brașov
5292:, and
5246:Râșnov
5212:Apulum
5176:Oradea
5151:Brașov
5073:German
5042:German
5011:German
4999:Râșnov
4980:German
4949:German
4879:Others
4851:37,061
4835:18.72
4816:17.05
4797:24.96
4784:65.96
4778:34.85
4762:Number
4756:Number
4731:Europe
4705:, and
4666:, and
4557:Brașov
4536:, and
4492:others
4452:Jidvei
4448:Mediaș
4440:Romgaz
4412:Brașov
4385:Oradea
4377:Brașov
4331:Timber
4296:sulfur
4294:, and
4284:copper
4139:, and
4096:German
4068:Gergen
4064:German
4033:German
4002:German
3971:German
3940:German
3909:German
3878:German
3847:German
3835:Mediaș
3816:German
3785:German
3773:Oradea
3754:German
3723:German
3689:German
3658:German
3627:German
3596:German
3592:Brassó
3584:Brașov
3565:German
3536:, and
3530:Mediaș
3453:Brașov
3413:78,877
3379:91,520
3352:Mediaș
3200:Oradea
3171:Brașov
3166:Brașov
3148:Reșița
3122:Oradea
3112:Brașov
3041:County
3025:County
2996:
2993:
2954:, and
2912:Brașov
2809:Brașov
2527:Danube
2521:, and
2433:Apulum
2388:. The
2298:, the
2245:battle
2210:empire
1994:gyulas
1935:. The
1893:Gepids
1869:Carpic
1857:Trajan
1823:Celtic
1784:Erdély
1778:Ardeal
1761:Erdély
1693:Erdély
1650:Polish
1633:, the
1496:Slovak
1428:Ardeal
1415:Romani
1400:Polish
1373:Erdély
1340:German
1328:Erdelj
1257:German
1252:Ardeal
1246:Erdély
1218:sylvam
991:, and
967:, the
940:, the
936:, the
924:, and
922:Mediaș
902:Brașov
821:German
817:Erdély
808:Ardeal
636:(2022)
634:
582:
549:
439:others
437:8.31%
412:9.32%
369:others
367:1.69%
361:4.53%
305:Slovak
285:Romani
280:Polish
255:German
184:, and
168:
166:
151:
149:
143:
83:German
79:
65:
62:Erdély
51:
48:Ardeal
8523:Banat
8510:Banat
8446:, by
8255:(PDF)
8114:(PDF)
8090:(PDF)
8083:(PDF)
8007:(PDF)
7843:(PDF)
7836:(PDF)
7766:JSTOR
7672:(PDF)
7665:(PDF)
7555:[
7304:(PDF)
7297:(PDF)
6837:(PDF)
6805:[
6769:: 22.
6257:(PDF)
6173:INSSE
6143:(PDF)
6132:(PDF)
5989:Notes
5920:Lugoj
5512:Turul
5294:Viseu
5124:Sibiu
4903:Banat
4887:Islam
4860:4.70
4854:0.66
4841:9.34
4822:9.32
4803:2.10
4748:2011
4408:Roman
4395:and
4381:Sibiu
4311:steel
4029:Torda
4021:Turda
3897:Sebeș
3615:Sibiu
3534:Sebeș
3472:Sibiu
3391:Timiș
3386:Lugoj
3357:Sibiu
3318:Turda
3307:Mureș
3273:Sibiu
3268:Sibiu
3221:Sălaj
3216:Zalău
3205:Bihor
3137:Timiș
3032:Rank
3029:Pop.
3016:Rank
2956:Timiș
2952:Sibiu
2944:Sălaj
2940:Mureș
2904:Bihor
2888:județ
2847:Banat
2824:Mureș
2804:Sibiu
2794:Sălaj
2774:Timiș
2764:Bihor
2744:]
2719:]
2700:]
2688:Banat
2675:]
2663:]
2640:]
2628:]
2603:]
2585:]
2515:Someș
2511:Mureș
2312:Banat
2219:Șiria
2036:Vlach
1986:Gelou
1917:Avars
1881:Goths
1838:Dacia
1771:in a
1749:Erdil
1743:Erdel
1716:) or
1518:Erdel
1385:Latin
1237:form
1212:Sylva
1202:ultra
981:Slavs
965:Goths
906:Sibiu
879:Banat
777:Also
735:right
539:122nd
506:107th
477:106th
310:Tatar
260:Greek
250:Czech
153:Banat
8392:ISBN
8371:ISBN
8355:ISBN
8309:ISBN
8263:2011
8232:2015
8206:2015
8066:help
8019:2023
7990:2023
7945:ISBN
7912:link
7611:ISBN
7561:ISBN
7483:2008
7427:ISBN
7400:ISBN
7373:ISBN
7218:ISBN
7189:ISBN
7143:ISBN
7116:ISBN
7091:ISBN
7065:ISBN
7004:The
6855:link
6811:ISBN
6788:help
6728:ISBN
6710:2019
6642:2023
6608:2023
6488:ISBN
6420:ISBN
6369:2022
6316:ISBN
6290:ISBN
6269:2022
6240:2023
6181:2023
6151:2023
6065:2015
6035:2013
5914:was
5585:and
5500:Diet
5349:The
5342:The
5336:The
5290:Mara
5278:and
5263:The
5256:The
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5224:The
5218:and
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5180:The
5134:and
5061:Bran
4909:and
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4717:and
4701:and
4678:and
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4654:and
4618:and
4473:The
4442:and
4389:Arad
4387:and
4371:and
4343:and
4323:wine
4292:salt
4280:gold
4272:lead
4268:iron
4084:Aiud
3967:Déva
3959:Deva
3662:Arad
3654:Arad
3646:Arad
3323:Cluj
3239:Arad
3234:Arad
3182:Deva
3098:Alba
3082:Cluj
3045:Pop.
3036:Name
3020:Name
2920:Cluj
2900:Arad
2896:Alba
2866:and
2853:and
2829:Cluj
2799:Alba
2769:Arad
2537:and
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2505:The
2396:and
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2318:and
2290:The
2206:Pest
2198:Arad
2176:The
2141:The
2038:and
1970:the
1960:Huns
1915:and
1885:Huns
1867:and
1843:The
1731:elve
1725:erdő
1046:and
873:and
711:EEST
654:33rd
624:39th
605:57th
516:2021
465:Area
382:2021
363:Roma
340:2021
159:and
112:Flag
8500:in
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6631:doi
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768:.ro
744:+40
705:UTC
697:DST
687:EET
681:UTC
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632:HDI
580:GDP
553:PPP
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