Bukovina - Knowledge

2488: 4711:, also complained similar practices. In 1992, their descendants numbered four thousand people according to official Romanian statistics. However, the local community claims to number 20,000, five times the number stated by Romanian authorities. Rumanization, with the closure of schools and suppression of the language, happened in all areas in present-day Romania where the Ukrainians live or lived. The very term "Ukrainians" was prohibited from the official usage and some Romanians of disputable Ukrainian ethnicity were rather called the "citizens of Romania who forgot their native language" and were forced to change their last names to Romanian-sounding ones. In Bukovina, the practice of Romanization dates to much earlier than the 20th century. Since Louis of Hungary appointed Dragoș, Voivode of Moldavia as his deputy, there was an introduction of Romanians in Bukovina, and a process of Romanization that intensified in the 1560s. 2421: 5717: 5737: 2315: 5439: 2705:. In spite of Romanian-Slavic speaking frictions over the influence in the local church hierarchy, there was no Romanian-Ukrainian inter-ethnic tension, and both cultures developed in educational and public life. After the rise of Ukrainian nationalism in 1848 and the following rise of Romanian nationalism, Habsburg authorities reportedly awarded additional rights to Ukrainians in an attempt to temper Romanian ambitions of independence. On the other hand, the Ukrainians had to struggle against the Austrians, with the Austrians rejecting both nationalist claims, favoring neither Romanians nor Ukrainians, while attempting to "keep a balance between the various ethnic groups." Indeed, a group of scholars surrounding the 2583: 5391: 5534: 4597: 1876: 1864: 5856: 2567:), two Romanians and one German elected to represent the region. The Ukrainians won representation at the provincial diet as late as 1890, and fought for equality with the Romanians also in the religious sphere. This was partly achieved only as late as on the eve of World War I. However, their achievements were accompanied by friction with Romanians. Overpopulation in the countryside caused migration (especially to North America), also leading to peasant strikes. However, by 1914 Bukovina managed to get "the best Ukrainian schools and cultural-educational institutions of all the regions of Ukraine." Beside Ukrainians, also 5814: 4141: 2239: 5415: 449: 2081: 4196:

authorities encouraged to develop the economy. Indeed, the migrants entering the region came from Ukrainian Galicia, as well as from Romanian Transylvania and Moldavia. Another Austrian official report from 1783, referring to the villages between the Dniester and the Prut, indicated Ruthenian-speaking immigrants from Poland constituting a majority, with only a quarter of the population speaking Moldavian. The same report indicated that Moldavians constituted the majority in the area of Suceava. H.F. Müller gives the 1840 population used for purposes of military conscription as 339,669.

5515: 5588: 2867: 5496: 2413: 152: 5682: 5477: 8225: 3335: 1183: 5753: 137: 649: 2978: 8259: 5772: 5654: 8177: 115: 5631: 7935: 5458: 5837: 5553: 2499: 5612: 3196: 1886: 3291:, managed to temporarily exempt from deportation 20,000 Jews living in the city between the fall of 1941 and the spring of 1942. Bukovina's remaining Jews were spared from certain death when it was retaken by Soviet forces in February 1944. In all, about half of Bukovina's entire Jewish population had perished. After the war and the return of the Soviets, most of the Jewish survivors from Northern Bukovina fled to Romania (and later settled in Israel). 5791: 3080: 3893: 3843: 2575: 1691: 2307: 1116: 8105: 5701: 3936:. As a result of killings and mass deportations, entire villages, mostly inhabited by Romanians, were abandoned (Albovat, Frunza, I.G.Duca, Buci—completely erased, Prisaca, Tanteni and Vicov—destroyed to a large extent). Men of military age (and sometimes above), both Ukrainians and Romanians, were conscripted into the Soviet Army. That did not protect them, however, from being arrested and deported for being "anti-Soviet elements". 1794:, Scythians, Dacians, Getae) starting from the Paleolithic, Germanic culture and language emerged in the region in the 4th century by the time of the Goths, archeological research has also indicated that the Romans had a presence in the region. Later, Slavic culture spread, and by the 10th century the region was part of Turkic, Slavic and Romance people like Pechenegs, Cumans, Ruthinians and Vlachs. Among the first references of the 7958: 3885: 8147: 5576: 4168: 1810:" in 1164. In the Moldo-Russian Chronicle, writes the events of year 1342, that the Hungarian king Vladislav (Ladislaus) asked the Old Romans and the New Romans to fight the Tatars, by that they will earn a sit in Maramureș. During the same event, it writes that Dragoș was one of the Romans . In the year 1359 Dragoș dismounted Moldavia and took with him many Vlachs and German colonists from Maramureș to Moldavia. 8125: 7946: 2432: 4076: 412:. The first census that recorded ethnicity was made in 1851 and shows a population of 184,718 or 48.5% Romanians, 144,982 or 38.1% Ukrainians and 51,126 or 13.4% others, with a total population of 380,826 people. By 1910, Romanians and Ukrainians were almost in equal numbers with the Romanians concentrated mainly in the south and the Ukrainians mainly in the north. 4484: 2670:. While reading the statistics it should be mentioned that, due to "adverse economic conditions", some 50,000 Ukrainians left the region (mostly emigrating to North America) between 1891 and 1910, in the aforementioned migrations. Nonetheless, the percentage of Ukrainians has significantly grown since the end of the eighteenth century. 3236:

Ukrainian intelligentsia fled to Romania and Germany in the beginning of the occupation. When the conflict between the Soviets and Nazi Germany broke out, and the Soviet troops began moving out of Bukovina, the Ukrainian locals attempted to established their own government, but they were not able to stop the advancing Romanian army.

2235:). According to the Turkish protocol the sentence reads, "God (may He be exalted) has separated the lands of Moldavia from our Polish lands by the river Dniester." Strikingly similar sentences were used in other sayings and folkloristic anecdotes, such as the phrase reportedly exclaimed by a member of the Aragonese Cortes in 1684. 2158:, took place in Galicia. This event pitted the Moldavians against the oppressive rule of the Polish magnates. A rebel army composed of Moldavian peasants took the fortified towns of Sniatyn, Kolomyia, and Halych, killing many Polish noblemen and burghers, before being halted by the Polish Royal Army in alliance with a Galician 4210:

During the 19th century, as mentioned, the Austrian Empire policies encouraged the influx of migrants coming from Transylvania, Moldavia, Galicia and the heartland of Austria and Germany, with Germans, Poles, Jews, Hungarians, Romanians, and Ukrainians settling in the region. Official censuses in the

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within the federation which would have included Bukovina, including Czernowitz. After they acquired Bukovina, the Austrians opened only one elementary school in Chernivsti, which taught exclusively in Romanian. They later did open German schools, but no Ukrainian ones. Ukrainian language would appear

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During the Habsburg period, the Ukrainian population increased in the north of the region, while in the south the ethnic Romanian population remained the majority population. The Austrians "managed to keep a balance between the various ethnic groups." In the 1880 census, there were 239,690 Ruthenians

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Based on the above anthropological estimate for 1774 as well as subsequent official censuses, the ethnic composition of Bukovina changed in the years after 1775 when the Austrian Empire occupied the region. The population of Bukovina increased steadily, primarily through immigration, which Austrian

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on the other hand, estimated that in 1774 Bukovina's population numbered 51,920 people, consisting of 40,920 Romanians, 8,000 Ukrainians and 3,000 Germans, Jews, and Poles. According to Alecu Hurmuzaki, by 1848, out of a population of 377,581 people, 209,293 or 55.4% of the population was Romanian.

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against the Kingdom of Hungary, Bukovina became an integral part of the principality of Moldavia. Suceava, in the south of the territory, was the capital of Moldavia from the late 14th to the mid-16th century. The only data we have about the ethnic composition of Bukovina are the Austrian censuses

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Spring 1945 saw the formation of transports of Polish repatriates who (voluntarily or by coercion) had decided to leave. Between March 1945 and July 1946, 10,490 inhabitants left Northern Bukovina for Poland, including 8,140 Poles, 2,041 Jews and 309 of other nationalities. Most of them settled in

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The Axis invasion of Northern Bukovina was catastrophic for its Jewish population, as conquering Romanian soldiers immediately began massacring its Jewish residents. Surviving Jews were forced into ghettoes to await deportation to work camps in Transnistria where 57,000 had arrived by 1941. One of

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of which is Northern Bukovina) had a population of circa 805,000, out of which 47.5% were Ukrainians and 28.3% were Romanians, with Germans, Jews, Poles, Hungarians, and Russians comprising the rest. The strong Ukrainian presence was the official motivation for the inclusion of the region into the

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fell from 239 out of 1671, in 1914, to 155 out of 3,247, in 1933, while simultaneously Romanian enrollment there increased several times to 2,117 out of 3,247. In part this was due to attempts to switch to Romanian as the primary language of university instruction, but chiefly to the fact that the

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aiming its assimilationist policies at the Ukrainian population of the region. In addition to the suppression of the Ukrainian people, their language and culture, Ukrainian surnames were Rumanized, and the Ukrainian Orthodox Church was persecuted. In the 1930s an underground nationalist movement,

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during this period, with 12,191 people targeted for deportation in a document dated 2 August 1940 (from all formerly Romanian regions included in the Ukrainian SSR), while a December 1940 document listed 2,057 persons to be deported to Siberia. The largest action took place on 13 June 1941, when

4091:. During this period it reinforced its ties to other Ukrainian lands, with many Bukovinian natives studying in Lviv and Kyiv, and the Orthodox Bukovinian Church flourishing in the region. After passing to Hungary in the 14th century, the Hungarian king appointed Dragoș as his deputy forming the 4010:

Overall, between 1930 (last Romanian census) and 1959 (first Soviet census), the population of Northern Bukovina decreased by 31,521 people. According to official data from those two censuses, the Romanian population had decreased by 75,752 people, and the Jewish population by 46,632, while the

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for 15/28 November 1918, where 74 Romanians, 13 Ruthenians, 7 Germans, and 6 Poles were represented (this is the linguistic composition, and Jews were not recorded as a separate group). According to Romanian historiography, popular enthusiasm swept the whole region, and a large number of people

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The Ukrainian Regional Committee, led by Omelian Popovych, organized a rally in Chernivtsi on 3 November 1918, demanding Bukovina's annexation to Ukraine. The committee took power in the Ukrainian part of Bukovina, including its biggest center Chernivtsi. The Romanian moderates, who were led by

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According to the Moldo-Russian Chronicle, the Hungarian king Vladislav (Ladislaus) asked the Old Romans (Byzantiens) and the New Romans (Vlachs) to fight the Tatars. During the same event, it writes that Dragoș was one of the New Romans. Eventually, Dragoș dismounted Moldavia named from a river

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armies, which resulted in the Russian army invading Chernivtsi for three times (30 August to 21 October 1914, 26 November 1914 to 18 February 1915 and 18 June 1916 to 2 August 1917). The regime that had occupied the city pursued a policy of persecution of "nationally conscious Ukrainians". The

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For short periods of time (during wars), the Polish Kingdom (to which Moldavians were hostile) again occupied parts of northern Moldavia. However, the old border was re-established each time, as for example on 14 October 1703 the Polish delegate Martin Chometowski said, according to the Polish

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During Soviet Communist rule in Bukovina, "private property was nationalized; farms were partly collectivized; and education was Ukrainianized. At the same time all Ukrainian organizations were disbanded, and many publicly active Ukrainians were either killed or exiled." A significant part of

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The General Congress of Bukovina, embodying the supreme power of the country , and invested with legislative power, in the name of national sovereignty, we decide: Unconditional and eternal union of Bukovina, in its old boundaries up to Ceremuș , Colachin and Dniester with the Kingdom of

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Peasant revolts broke out in Hutsul areas in the 1840s, with the peasants demanding more rights, socially and politically. Likewise, nationalist sentiment spread among the Romanians. As a result, more rights were given to Ukrainians and Romanians, with five Ukrainians (including notably

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and the Soviet Union. The region was temporarily recovered by Romania as an ally of Nazi Germany after the latter invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, but retaken by the Soviet army in 1944. Bukovina's population was historically ethnically diverse. Today, Bukovina's northern half is the

2077:. The battle is known in Polish popular culture as "the battle when the Knights have perished". The region had been under Polish nominal suzerainty from its foundation (1387) to the time of this battle (1497). Shortly thereafter, it became a vassal of the Ottoman Empire (1514). 3119:". Following the Soviet ultimatum, Romania ceded Northern Bukovina, which included Cernăuți, to the USSR on 28 June 1940. The withdrawal of the Romanian Army, authorities, and civilians was disastrous. Mobs attacked retreating soldiers and civilians, whereas a retreating unit 1986:. Upon its foundation, the Moldovan state recognized the supremacy of Poland, keeping on recognizing it from 1387 to 1497. Later (1514) it was vassalized by the Ottoman Empire. Bukovina and neighboring regions became the nucleus of the Moldavian Principality, with the city of 5984:"Congresul general al Bucovinei, întrupând suprema putere a țării și fiind învestiți cu puterea legiuitoare, în numele suveranității naționale, hotărâm: Unirea necondiționată și pe vecie a Bucovinei în vechile ei hotare până la Ceremuș, Colacin și Nistru cu Regatul României". 2722:, a Ukrainian Bukovinian farmer and activist, died of torture-related causes after attempting to ask for more rights for the Bukovinian Ukrainians to the Austrians. He died of the consequence of torture in 1851 in Romania. At the end of the 19th century, the development of 3111:, which was surprised by the Soviet claim to Bukovina, invoked the German ethnics living in the region. As a result, the USSR only demanded the northern, overwhelmingly Ukrainian part, arguing that it was a "reparation for the great loss produced to the Soviet Union and 4557:

majority in some regions, were presented as separate categories in the census results, has been criticized in Romania, where there are complains that this artificial Soviet-era practice results in the Romanian population being undercounted, as being divided between

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In 2011, an anthropological analysis of the Russian census of the population of Moldavia in 1774 asserted a population of 68,700 people in 1774, out of which 40,920 (59.6%) Romanians, 22,810 Ruthenians and Hutsuls (33.2%), and 7.2% Jews, Roma, and Armenians.

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tribes). Meanwhile, many nomads crossed the region (3rd to 9th century A.D). By the 4th century, the Goths appeared in the region. And later by the 5th and 6th century Slavic people appeared in the region. They were part of the tribal alliance of the

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Until the repatriation convention of 15 April 1941, NKVD troops killed hundreds of Romanian peasants of Northern Bukovina as they tried to cross the border into Romania to escape from Soviet authorities. This culminated on 7 February 1941 with the

4230:. Subsequent Austrian censuses between 1880 and 1910 reveal a Romanian population stabilizing around 33% and a Ukrainian population around 40%. From 1774 to 1910, the percentage of Ukrainians increased, meanwhile the one of Romanians decreased. 3039:

made up 44.5% of the total population of Bukovina, and Ukrainians (including Hutsuls) 29.1%. In the northern part of the region, however, Romanians made up only 32.6% of the population, with Ukrainians significantly outnumbering Romanians.

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According to the 1775 Austrian census, the province had a total population of 86,000 (this included 56 villages which were returned to Moldavia one year later). The census only recorded social status and some ethno-religious groups (Jews,

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in 1940–1941 to the parts of Poland then occupied by Nazi Germany, during 15 September 1940 – 15 November 1940, after this area was occupied by the Soviet Union. About 45,000 ethnic Germans had left Northern Bukovina by November 1940.

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in Chernivsti's schools as late as 1851, but only as a subject, at the local university (in spite of this, the city attracted students from other parts of Bukovina and Galicia, who would study in the German language of instruction).

2371:(a nominal duchy, as part of the official full style of the Austrian Emperors). In 1860 it was again amalgamated with Galicia but reinstated as a separate province once again on 26 February 1861, a status that would last until 1918. 7288: 6991: 4100:

starting from the 1770s. The Austrians hindered both Romanian and Ukrainian nationalisms. On the other hand, they favored the migration in Bukovina of Ukrainians from Galicia as well as Romanians from Transylvania and Maramureș.

3059:), which had been a mere county seat for the last 20 years, became again a (regional) capital. Also, Bukovinian regionalism continued under the new brand. During its first months of existence, Ținutul Suceava suffered far right ( 7057:

Philippe Henri Blasen: Suceava Region, Upper Land, Greater Bukovina or just Bukovina? Carol II's Administrative Reform in North-Eastern Romania (1938–1940), in: Anuarul Institutului de Istorie "A. D. Xenopol", supplement, 2015;

877: 4503:. The northern (Ukrainian) and southern (Romanian) parts became significantly dominated by their Ukrainian and Romanian majorities, respectively, with the representation of other ethnic groups being decreased significantly. 2164:

and Prussian mercenaries while marching to Lviv. Many rebels died in the Rohatyn Battle, with Mukha and the survivors fleeing back to Moldavia. Mukha returned to Galicia to re-ignite the rebellion, but was killed in 1492.

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Philippe Henri Blasen: Regionalism after the Administrative Reform of 14th August 1938. How Romanian Authorities and Elites Celebrated the Year 1918 in Suceava Region, in: Anuarul Institutului de Istorie "A. D. Xenopol",

4534:, and Jews comprise the rest 1.2%. The languages of the population closely reflect the ethnic composition, with over 90% within each of the major ethnic groups declaring their national language as the mother tongue ( 2342:. Bukovina was formally annexed in January 1775. On 2 July 1776, at Palamutka, Austrians and Ottomans signed a border convention, Austria giving back 59 of the previously occupied villages, retaining 278 villages. 5596: 4014:

After 1944, the human and economic connections between the northern (Soviet) and southern (Romanian) parts of Bukovina were severed. Today, the historically Ukrainian northern part is the nucleus of the Ukrainian

2989:, with the support of the Romanian, German, and Polish representatives; the Ukrainians did not support this. The reasons stated were that, until its takeover by the Habsburg in 1775, Bukovina was the heart of the 4237:, Bukovina had a population of 853,009. Romanians made up 44.5% of the population, while 27.7% were Ukrainians/Ruthenians (plus 1.5% Hutsuls), 10.8% Jews, 8.9% Germans, 3.6% Poles, and 3.0% others or undeclared. 2262:, which occupied the region from 15 December 1769 to September 1774, and previously during 14 September–October 1769. Bukovina was the reward the Habsburgs received for aiding the Russians in that war. Prince 3005:

in 1919. Bukovina's autonomy was undone during Romanian occupation, the region being reduced to an ordinary Romanian province. It was subject to martial law from 1918 to 1928, and again from 1937 to 1940.

2772:. The specific proposal was published in Aurel C. Popovici's book "Die Vereinigten Staaten von Groß-Österreich" , Leipzig, 1906. According to it, most of Bukovina (including Czernowitz) would form, with 2142: 3951:

county) villagers attacked Soviet soldiers who were sent to "temporarily resettle" them, since they feared deportation. This resulted in dead and wounded among the villagers, who had no firearms.

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After the Mongols under Batu invaded Europe, with the region nominally falling into their hands, ties between Galician-Volhynian and Bukovina weakened. As a result of the Mongol invasion, the

4219:) did not record ethnolinguistic data until 1850–1851. The 1857 and 1869 censuses omitted ethnic or language-related questions. 'Familiar language spoken' was not recorded again until 1880. 2950:, Romanian troops swiftly moved in to take over the territory, against Ukrainian protest. Although local Ukrainians attempted to incorporate parts of Northern Bukovina into the short-lived 6999: 7823:

Oleksandr Derhachov (editor), "Ukrainian Statehood in the Twentieth Century: Historical and Political Analysis", Chapter: "Ukraine in Romanian concepts of the foreign policy", 1996, Kiev

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number 51,703 people, making up 0.3% of the total population. However, Ukrainian nationalists of the 1990s claimed the region had 110,000 Ukrainians. The Ukrainian descendants of the

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had had designs on incorporating this province into its new Kingdom. Romanians considered it to be a core part of the old Principality of Moldavia, and of great significance to its

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Marian Olaru. Considerații preliminare despre demografie și geopolitică pe teritoriul Bucovinei. Analele Bucovinei. Tomul VIII. Partea I. București: Editura Academiei Române, 2001

7724: 7697: 5716: 1798:(Romanians) in the region is in the 10th century by Varangian Sagas referring to the Blakumen people i.e. Vlachs in the land of Pechenegs. By late 12th century chronicle of 7537: 7442: 6531: 3184:. Whether the region would have been included in the Moldavian SSR, if the commission presiding over the division had been led by someone other than the communist leader 9010: 2932: 5855: 4518:, which is the closest, although not an exact, approximation of the territory of the historic Northern Bukovina. The census also identified a fall in the Romanian and 2487: 2559:(published from 1885 until 1918) was published by the populists since the 1880s. The Ukrainian populists fought for their ethnocultural rights against the Austrians. 2946:

A Constituent Assembly on 14/27 October 1918 formed an executive committee, to whom the Austrian governor of the province handed power. After an official request by

6446: 2776:, a Romanian state, while the north-western portion (Zastavna, Kozman, Waschkoutz, Wiznitz, Gura Putilei, and Seletin districts) would form with the bigger part of 7642: 6898: 5681: 5414: 4019:, while the southern part is part of Romania, though there are minorities of Ukrainians and Romanians in Romanian Bukovina and Ukrainian Bukovina respectively. 8749: 8385: 3017:

which was led by Orest Zybachynsky and Denys Kvitkovsky, emerged in the region. The Romanian government suppressed it by staging two political trials in 1937.

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The southern, or Romanian Bukovina reportedly has a significant Romanian majority (94.8%) according to Romanian sources, the largest minority group being the

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counties (the latter belonged to Ținutul Suceava, but not to Bukovina). The new Soviet-Romanian border was traced less than 20 kilometres (12 miles) north of

8094: 3681: 1529: 934: 416: 4758:, Ukrainian majority is still reported in Romanian census. On other hand in North Bukovina the Romanians used to be the biggest ethnic group in the city of 8055: 7251:

Dragoș Tochiță. Români de pe Valea Siretului de Sus, jertfe ale ocupației nordului Bucovinei și terorii bolșevice. – Suceava, 1999. – P. 35. (in Romanian)

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In this period, the patronage of Stephen the Great and his successors on the throne of Moldavia saw the construction of the famous painted monasteries of

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Philippe Henri Blasen: Terrorisme légionnaire et ordonnances antisémites. La Région Suceava d'octobre 1938 à septembre 1940, in: Archiva Moldaviae 2018.

6357: 6276: 5687: 3944: 2746: 2534: 151: 7700:[Ziare.com: Romanians in Ukraine are divided. Romania, seen in the press as an enemy, just like Russia Interview] (in Russian). DW. 20 June 2014 2467:, or roughly 41.5% of the regions population, while Romanians were second with 190,005 people or 33%, a ratio that remained more or less the same until 4083:

The region was occupied by several now extinct peoples. After which it was settled by both Romanians (Moldavians) and Ukrainians (Ruthenians) with the

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gathered in the city to wait for the resolution of the Congress. The council was quickly summoned by the Romanians upon their occupation of Bukovina.

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of Romania. Bukovina is sometimes known as the 'Switzerland of the East', given its diverse ethnic mosaic and deep forested mountainous landscapes.

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were the majority. However, after the 2020 administrative reform in Ukraine, all these districts were abolished, and most of the areas merged into

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settled in Moldavia around 1766), and 4,000 others who "use the Romanian language in conversation" (5.6%), consisting of Armenians, Jews and Roma.

2530: 1957: 5653: 5587: 9277: 9118: 8803: 7196: 6237: 3744: 2966:, rejected the idea. In spite of Ukrainian resistance, the Romanian army occupied the Northern Bukovina, including Chernivtsi, on 11 November. 1592: 114: 2509:

Ukrainian national sentiment re-ignited in the 1840s. Officially started in 1848, the nationalist movement gained strength in 1869, when the

8033: 7076: 8072: 8013: 7988: 7973: 7873: 3871: 1921:. Bukovina gradually became part of Kievan Rus' from the late 10th century and Pechenegs. Parts of Bukovina were first conquered in 981 by 1719: 1144: 807: 6841: 335:

in the 14th century where the capital of Moldavia, Suceava, was founded, eventually expanding its territory all the way to the Black Sea.

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Ethnic divisions in modern Bukovina with Ukrainian Romanian and Russian areas depicted in light yellow, green, and red respectively. The

2745:(who was since 1783 under the spiritual jurisdiction of the Metropolitan of Karlovci) was elevated to the rank of Archbishop, when a new 566:, is mostly used in poetry, and means 'beech land', or 'the land of beech trees'. In Romanian, in literary or poetic contexts, the name 8378: 6775: 5813: 4087:

controlling a large area that included Bukovina by the 6th century. Later, the region was part of Kievan Rus', and later still of the

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Bukovina proper has an area of 10,442 km (4,032 sq mi). The territory of Romanian (or Southern) Bukovina is located in

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nobility had traditionally formed the ruling class in that territory. In 1867, with the re-organization of the Austrian Empire as the

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As a reaction, partisan groups (composed of both Romanians and Ukrainians) began to operate against the Soviets in the woods around

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out and re-established Soviet control over the territory. Romania was forced to formally cede the northern part of Bukovina to the

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The region, which is made up of a portion of the northeastern Carpathian Mountains and the neighbouring plain, was settled by both

5533: 572:('the land of beech trees') is sometimes used. In some languages a definite article, sometimes optional, is used before the name: 4137:

At the same time, the Ukrainian population rose to 108,907 and the Jewish population surged from 526 in 1774, to 11,600 in 1848.

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Variables Affecting Nation-building: The Impact of the Ethnic Basis, the Educational System, Industrialization and Sudden Shocks

9267: 9262: 9148: 8334: 6539: 3691: 3002: 1539: 5630: 5495: 8788: 8371: 7918: 7855: 7603: 7429: 7272: 6953: 6577: 2125: 8080: 7888:

Vasile Ilica. Fântâna Albă: O mărturie de sânge (istorie, amintiri, mărturii). – Oradea: Editura Imprimeriei de Vest, 1999.

7433:, prepared under the Direction of the Historical Section of the British Foreign Office No.6. Published in London, Feb.1919. 6890: 5514: 4695:

Concerns have been raised about the way census are handled in Romania. For example, according to the 2011 Romanian census,

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Anița Nandris-Cudla. Amintiri din viață. 20 de ani în Siberia. Humanitas, Bucharest, 2006 (second edition), (in Romanian)

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joined the revolt and deposed Balc, securing independence from the Kingdom of Hungary. In 1497 a battle took place at the

9113: 9086: 6454: 5836: 5476: 4590: 3661: 3641: 2951: 2872: 2706: 2197:. As part of the peasant armies, they formed their own regiment, which participated to the 1648 siege of Lviv. Ukrainian 1509: 1489: 7132: 6801: 5611: 8980: 6044: 5752: 3819: 3799: 3739: 3511: 2555:, Sylvester Nikorovych, Ivan and Petro Hryhorovych, and Lubomyr Husar. The first periodical in the Ukrainian language, 1946: 1667: 1647: 1587: 1359: 1024: 919: 6844:[127. Federation plans for the transformation of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy] (in Hungarian). Archived from 5457: 3009:

The Ukrainian language was suppressed, "educational and cultural institutions, newspapers and magazines were closed."

7902: 7828: 7753: 7524: 7468: 7221: 6637: 6608: 6375: 6221: 3711: 3466: 2042: 1559: 1314: 3071:) reacted with nationalist and anti-Semitic measures. Alexianu was replaced by Gheorghe Flondor on 1 February 1939. 2985:

The Congress elected the Romanian Bukovinian politician Iancu Flondor as chairman, and voted for the union with the

9060: 8945: 8663: 6894: 6535: 6450: 5790: 3864: 3829: 3824: 3586: 2940: 2769: 2710: 2350: 2255: 2041:, the region immediately to the north, became the subject of disputes between the Principality of Moldavia and the 1942: 1930: 1773: 1745: 1712: 1677: 1672: 1434: 1137: 929: 909: 736: 7318: 7158: 2582: 2297: 8739: 4088: 3726: 3456: 3032:, Ukrainian culture was given some limited means to redevelop, though these gains were sharply reversed in 1938. 2503: 2447:, constituted tremendous moments for Romanian national identity in Bukovina. Since gaining its independence, the 1879: 1574: 1304: 7698:"Ziare.com: Romanii din Ucraina sunt divizati. Romania, vazuta in presa ca un vrajmas, la fel ca Rusia Interviu" 6920: 3188:, remains a matter of debate among scholars. In fact, some territories with a mostly Romanian population (e.g., 9081: 8940: 4234: 3804: 3636: 3351: 3216:

about 13,000 people were deported to Siberia and Kazakhstan. The majority of those targeted were ethnic native

2789: 1652: 1484: 1199: 1034: 914: 666: 6284: 5700: 5552: 2181:) were involved in many conflicts against the Turkish and Tatar invaders of the Moldavian territory. Notably, 1964: 8108: 7667: 4043: 3794: 3753: 3631: 3300: 2678: 2216: 1642: 1601: 1479: 1048: 985: 953: 862: 8102: 4569:

The Romanians mostly inhabit the southern part of the Chernivtsi region, having been the majority in former

3229: 136: 9153: 7175:

Leonid Ryaboshapko. Pravove stanovishche natsionalnyh menshyn v Ukraini (1917–2000), P. 259 (in Ukrainian).

6569: 4616:(1.9%) and Ukrainians, who make up 0.9% of the population (2011 census). Other minor ethnic groups include 4055: 3761: 3536: 2970: 1609: 1384: 1014: 961: 882: 857: 293: 280: 7798: 7024: 5771: 4116:

estimated that the 1774 population consisted of 52,750 Romanians (also called Moldavians) (73.5%), 15,000

2471:. The percentage of Romanians fell from 85.3% in 1774 to 34.1% in 1910. Ruthenians is an archaic name for 648: 9272: 9163: 8683: 8323: 8312: 7080: 6629: 3857: 3809: 3766: 3314: 3088: 2921: 2690: 2058: 1705: 1657: 1614: 1162: 1130: 1029: 1019: 1004: 628: 424: 374: 7722:"Comunicat de presă privind rezultatele provizorii ale Recensământului Populației și Locuințelor – 2011" 7242:Țara fagilor: Almanah cultural-literar al românilor nord-bucovineni. Cernăuți-Târgu-Mureș, 1994, p. 160. 5575: 765: 9287: 9173: 9000: 8673: 8317: 8302: 8067: 6088: 4596: 4031: 3701: 3621: 2936: 2319: 1926: 1875: 1549: 1469: 732: 681: 7402: 3001:(right of self-determination). Romanian control of the province was recognized internationally in the 2270:

protested and was prepared to take action to recover the territory, but was assassinated, and a Greek-

2138: 1929:

in 1084. When Kievan Rus' was partitioned at the end of the 11th century, Bukovina became part of the

292:

is a historical region in Eastern Europe. The region is located on the northern slopes of the central

8653: 7950: 7772:(in Romanian). Guvernul României — Agenția Națională pentru Romi. pp. 5–6, 13–14. Archived from 7741: 6862: 6753: 5960: 5842: 4629: 3616: 3609: 2517:. By the 1890s, Ukrainians were represented in the regional diet and Vienna parliament, being led by 2335: 2323: 1464: 1457: 20: 8224: 7185: 4739: 3686: 1534: 8717: 8688: 8513: 7460:

Cultural Politics in Greater Romania: Regionalism, Nation Building & Ethnic Struggle, 1918–1930

7045: 6824: 5887: 5328: 4140: 4125: 4092: 3481: 3100: 3068: 2990: 2807: 2777: 2765: 2727: 1329: 750: 332: 7042:

Cultural Politics in Greater Romania: Regionalism, Nation Building, and Ethnic Struggle, 1918–1930

5463: 4835: 4669: 4601: 2693:. Some friction appeared in time between the church hierarchy and the Romanians, complaining that 2238: 8995: 7262: 3928:). While during the war the Soviet government killed or forced in exile a considerable number of 3506: 3156: 2444: 2074: 2070: 1863: 1777: 1737: 1354: 1096: 939: 827: 760: 745: 718: 708: 390: 386: 8017: 7981: 6154: 6089:"The Bukovina-Germans During the Habsburg Period: Settlement, Ethnic Interaction, Contributions" 5897: 5819: 2120:, these monasteries remain some of the greatest cultural treasures of Romania; some of them are 1982:

state was formed by the mid-14th century, eventually expanding its territory all the way to the

1076: 448: 393:. The battle is known in Polish popular culture as "the battle when the Knights have perished". 8930: 8908: 8899: 8658: 7894:Țara fagilor: Almanah cultural-literar al românilor nord-bucovineni. Cernăuți-Târgu-Mureș, 1994 6845: 6653: 6510: 4222:

The Austrian census of 1850–1851, which recorded data regarding languages spoken, shows 48.50%

3656: 2895: 2571:

and Jews, as well as a number of Romanians and Hungarians, emigrated in 19th and 20th century.

1868: 1807: 1504: 904: 755: 8763: 8258: 7593: 4738:

used to have an overwhelming Ukrainian majority. In some places in southern Bukovina, such as

3132: 2089: 2080: 8975: 8965: 8918: 8783: 8768: 8678: 8464: 8342: 8294: 7874:

13.4 Notele ultimate ale guvernului sovietic din 26–27 iunie și răspunsurile guvernului roman

7845: 7458: 4696: 4507: 4492: 4020: 3344: 3268: 3021: 2204:

himself led a campaign in Moldavia, whose result was an alliance between Khmelnytsky and its

2193:(1840), led military campaigns in the 1570s. Many Bukovinians joined the Cossacks during the 2148: 1902: 1818:

First traces of human occupation date back to the Paleolithic. The area was first settled by

1803: 1192: 872: 770: 676: 658: 259: 8538: 8363: 8176: 7484: 7289:"Președintele Iohannis a promulgat legea prin care data de 28 noiembrie este declarată Ziua" 6779: 3976: 2093: 9143: 8778: 8668: 5865: 4700: 3531: 3521: 3451: 3280: 3252: 3200: 3124: 2403: 2301: 2194: 2109: 2026: 1950: 1379: 1369: 1299: 852: 847: 794: 775: 695: 269: 7773: 5617: 3972: 3128: 8: 9178: 9168: 9005: 8990: 8985: 8970: 8935: 8923: 8734: 8571: 8528: 8508: 8328: 7847:

The German Legacy in East Central Europe as Recorded in Recent German-language Literature

6600: 5603: 3736: 3596: 3499: 3401: 3396: 3260: 2890: 2754: 2694: 2518: 2491: 2121: 1963:

Eventually, this state collapsed, and Bukovina passed to Hungary. King Louis I appointed

1584: 1444: 1347: 1249: 1244: 1009: 966: 469: 369:) flowing in Bukovina. During a Vlach revolt in Bukovina against Balc, Dragoș' grandson, 9138: 6709: 4566:. The Romanian minority of Ukraine also claims to represent a 500,000-strong community. 2412: 1941:

After the fragmentation of Kievan Rus', Bukovina passed to the Principality of Galicia (

8860: 8629: 8422: 6231: 6174: 6135: 5951: 5927: 5823: 4673: 4578: 4535: 4200: 4152: 4096: 4011:

Ukrainian and Russian populations increased by 135,161 and 4,322 people, respectively.

3913: 3706: 3556: 3391: 3323: 3304: 3104: 2986: 2878: 2780:

a Ukrainian state, both in a federation with 13 other states under the Austrian crown.

2452: 2448: 2407: 2201: 2177: 1922: 1819: 1791: 1761: 1554: 1404: 1239: 1171: 896: 812: 637: 552: 537: 472:

on 30 March 1392, by which he gives to Ionaș Viteazul three villages, located near the

370: 358: 67: 7668:"Comunitatea românească din Ucraina | CONSULATUL GENERAL AL ROMÂNIEI în Cernăuți" 6712:[The population of Bukovina (from occupation in 1774 to revolution in 1848)]. 4051: 3044: 2924:. The Russian were driven out in 1917. Bukovina suffered great losses during the war. 2073:(Stephen the Great), managed to defeat the much-stronger but demoralized army of King 389:(Stephen the Great), managed to defeat the much-stronger but demoralized army of King 9282: 9257: 9065: 8904: 8865: 8855: 8576: 8417: 8286: 8049: 7966: 7914: 7898: 7851: 7824: 7749: 7599: 7520: 7464: 7268: 6949: 6633: 6604: 6573: 6371: 6217: 6178: 6139: 5943: 5777: 5664: 4747: 4653: 4539: 4515: 4204: 4059: 4016: 3921: 3721: 3581: 3546: 3541: 3436: 3371: 3220:, but there were (to a lesser degree) representatives of other ethnicities, as well. 3185: 3162: 3064: 2723: 2719: 2698: 2564: 2459:

and architecture and remained a strong cultural anchor for Moldavians in particular.

2346: 2331: 2291: 2287: 2263: 2247: 2212: 2169: 2007: 1799: 1569: 1429: 1394: 1389: 1284: 1219: 591: 576:, increasingly an archaism in English, which, however, is found in older literature. 492: 484: 457: 433: 401: 397: 339: 221: 185: 53: 7867:Українська державність у ХХ столітті. (Ukrainian statehood of the twentieth century) 7291:[President Iohannis promulgated the law declaring 28 November as the Day.]. 6804:[Concordant Chronology and Anthology of Texts] (in Romanian). Archived from 4905: 2939:

based in Galicia claimed the region. In the beginning, Bukovina joined the fledging

2160: 9158: 9123: 8913: 8875: 8773: 8758: 8471: 8210: 8161: 8156: 7938: 7577: 7563: 7549: 7387: 7355: 6710:"Die Bevölkerung der Bukowina (von Besetzung im Jahr 1774 bis zur Revolution 1848)" 6166: 6125: 5892: 5868: 5743: 4755: 4657: 4621: 3964: 3716: 3525: 3515: 3414: 3381: 3361: 3264: 3240: 3043:

On 14 August 1938 Bukovina officially disappeared from the map, becoming a part of

2682: 2639: 2568: 2424: 2416:

Topographic map of Bukovina, also with settlement place names, as depicted in 1791.

2186: 1906: 1564: 1373: 1363: 1262: 1229: 1209: 671: 523: 350: 6114:"Looking Forwards through the Past: Bukovina's "Return to Europe" after 1989–1991" 5861: 4731: 2943:(November 1918), but it was occupied by the Romanian army immediately thereafter. 2730:

and the rest of Ukraine with a network of Ukrainian educational facilities, while

9103: 9093: 9051: 9015: 8870: 8831: 8811: 8712: 8498: 8459: 8444: 8412: 8408: 8146: 7728: 6939: 6689: 6594: 6367: 6361: 5935: 5800: 5723: 5637: 5562: 5425: 5401: 4998: 4715: 4677: 4500: 4216: 4212: 4176: 3784: 3646: 3551: 3486: 3356: 3334: 3288: 3140: 3028:

In the decade following 1928, as Romania tried to improve its relations with the

3013: 2928: 2916: 2908: 2793: 2440: 2387: 2379: 2101: 2097: 1632: 1494: 1399: 1334: 1204: 1182: 924: 802: 513: 500: 496: 453: 409: 405: 96: 82: 27: 8244: 7595:

Ethnic Groups and Population Changes in Twentieth-Century Central-Eastern Europe

7370:

Das Ansiedlungswesen in der Bukowina seit der Besitzergreifung durch Österreich.

5444: 4926: 4685: 4665: 3996: 2977: 2345:

Bukovina was a closed military district (1775–1786), then the largest district,

2211:. Other prominent Ukrainian leaders fighting against the Turks in Moldovia were 9236: 9133: 9108: 9098: 8890: 8826: 8816: 8727: 8645: 8624: 7079:[Romanians in Ukraine (2)] (in Romanian). 7 August 2005. Archived from 5758: 5645: 5641: 5501: 4884: 4645: 4637: 4160: 4133: 4084: 4047: 3847: 3651: 3566: 3446: 3244: 3225: 3136: 3120: 2667: 2651: 2456: 2354: 2259: 2050: 1840: 1765: 1733: 1695: 1499: 1414: 1294: 1120: 867: 780: 612: 608: 437: 324: 195: 7879:

Dumitru Covălciuc. Românii nord-bucovineni în exilul totalitarismului sovietic

7643:"Românii din Ucraina reclamă lipsa de interes a autorităților de la București" 7267:. Zielona Góra: Oficyna Wydawnicza Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego. p. 64. 6170: 4124:(20.9%) (of whom 6,000 were Hutsuls, and 9,000 were Ruthenian immigrants from 3960: 9251: 9196: 9128: 8880: 8698: 8518: 8204: 7136: 6805: 6561: 6493: 6155:"Geography is destiny: Region, nation and empire in Habsburg Jewish Bukovina" 6130: 6113: 5045: 4751: 4633: 4613: 4574: 4554: 4527: 4163:, an example of a former mixed German-Hungarian rural settlement in Bukovina. 3968: 3917: 3749: 3571: 3561: 3431: 3272: 3189: 3181: 3177: 3096: 3056: 3051:. At the same time, Cernăuți, the third most populous town in Romania (after 2963: 2947: 2912: 2761:, which were also (until then) under the spiritual jurisdiction of Karlovci. 2702: 2659: 2635: 2619: 2113: 2015: 1910: 1898: 1848: 1597: 1419: 1409: 1279: 473: 366: 338:

Consequently, the culture of the Kievan Rus' spread in the region during the

8503: 7876:(original version, in German – use English and French versions with caution) 7336: 6052: 6008: 4641: 3143:. Until 22 September 1940, when Ținutul Suceava was abolished, the spa town 3025:

university was one of only five in Romania, and was considered prestigious.

2578:

Ethnic groups in Bukovina 1775–1930 (Ukrainians in red, Romanians in green).

603:

is sometimes synonymous with the entire Chernivtsi Oblast of Ukraine, while

9216: 9201: 8950: 8722: 8707: 8553: 8308: 8220: 7581: 7567: 7553: 7031:, 2001, Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies. Accessed 11 February 2006. 5482: 5292: 5256: 5024: 4767: 4708: 4570: 4499:

The present demographic situation in Bukovina hardly resembles that of the

4027: 3948: 3666: 3471: 3144: 3108: 3029: 2959: 2773: 2391: 2182: 2133: 2132:, which today is part of Romania. Also part of Romania is the monastery of 1972: 1744:

in the 14th century. It was first delineated as a separate district of the

1514: 1319: 817: 461: 428: 420: 346: 119: 9221: 8239: 8124: 7934: 7767:"Populația după etnie la recensămintele din perioada 1930–2002, pe judete" 4719: 4649: 4240:

According to estimates and censuses data, the population of Bukovina was:

3195: 2435:

Map of the Austrian crownland of Bukovina at the turn of the 20th century.

1968: 506:

The official German name of the province under Austrian rule (1775–1918),

396:

The territory of what became known as Bukovina was, from 1775 to 1918, an

123: 9231: 8821: 8793: 8491: 7764:

Calculated from statistics for the counties of Tulcea and Constanța from

5202: 4531: 4109: 3905: 3576: 3256: 2969:

Under the protection of Romanian troops, the Romanian Council summoned a

2904: 2622:

and Jews in the towns. The 1910 census counted 800,198 people, of which:

2498: 2468: 2271: 2208: 2155: 1885: 1424: 822: 713: 342: 331:' territory early on during the 10th century and an integral part of the 7536:

1855 Austrian ethnic-map showing 1851 census data in lower right corner

7337:"Bukovina | Ukraine, Romania, Map, & History | Britannica" 4144: 3980: 3083:

Bukovina as divided in 1940: Soviet to the north, Romanian to the south.

3048: 2764:

In the early 20th century, a group of scholars surrounding the Austrian

2607: 8589: 8584: 8186: 8005:

The Metropolitanate of Moldavia and Bucovina (Romanian Orthodox Church)

7962: 6048: 5660: 5593: 5346: 5310: 5148: 4775: 4759: 4586: 4582: 4511: 4227: 4172: 4117: 4113: 4000: 3940: 3929: 3731: 3421: 3386: 3366: 3276: 3116: 3112: 3092: 3060: 2750: 2742: 2686: 2623: 2603: 2599: 2514: 2472: 2394:

or Austrian territories of Austria-Hungary and remained so until 1918.

2062: 2046: 1914: 1787: 1579: 1269: 1234: 1214: 468:

The name first appears in a document issued by the Voivode of Moldavia

378: 312: 308: 8614: 8234: 7319:"Cine este autorul legendarei melodii "Cântă cucu-n Bucovina" (Video)" 6356: 3992: 2863: 2349:(first known as the Czernowitz District), of the Austrian constituent 2105: 1061: 8523: 8454: 8254: 7908: 7882:

Victor Bârsan "Masacrul inocenților", București, 1993, pp. 18–19

7105:[The ordeal of the Bukovinians under the Soviet occupation]. 5238: 5130: 5094: 4563: 4559: 4550: 4546: 4519: 4488: 4223: 4105: 3933: 3676: 3217: 3052: 3036: 2962:, accepted the division. However, the Romanian conservatives, led by 2627: 2595: 2574: 2383: 2172:, became the ruler the two Danubian principalities and Transylvania. 1983: 1835: 1822:

tribes, in the Neolithic. It was then settled by now extinct tribes (

1524: 1101: 328: 316: 250: 156:

Location of Bukovina within northern Romania and neighbouring Ukraine

9226: 3932:, after the war the same government deported or killed about 41,000 3079: 8846: 8634: 8558: 8548: 8268: 8172: 7675: 7619: 7516: 6360:; Kohut, Zenon E.; Nebesio, Bohdan Y.; Yurkevich, Myroslav (2013). 5882: 5364: 4617: 4523: 3901: 3892: 3884: 3476: 2731: 2647: 2306: 2275: 2267: 2228: 2224: 2038: 2003: 1979: 1890: 1844: 1831: 1783: 1769: 1741: 1324: 1086: 1081: 488: 354: 320: 9206: 7957: 7443:

1855 Austrian ethnic-map showing census data in lower right corner

6977:] (in Romanian). Bucharest: Editura Meronia. pp. 104–107. 6842:"127. Föderációs tervek az Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia átalakítására" 4167: 4023:, and have one seat reserved in the Romanian Chamber of Deputies. 3984: 2353:(1787–1849). On 4 March 1849, Bukovina became a separate Austrian 2310:

The flag of the Duchy of Bukovina during the Austrian-ruled period

2154:

From 1490 to 1492, the Mukha rebellion, led by the Ukrainian hero

1960:, recognizing the suzerainty of the Mongols, arose in the region. 1945:) in 1124. The Church in Bukovina was initially administered from 1909:

from the late 9th to the mid-13th century, under the reign of the

8836: 8619: 8609: 8604: 8599: 8543: 8481: 8437: 8432: 8427: 8273: 8201:(Southern Bukovina (1918–); Northern Bukovina (1918–40; 1941–44)) 8142: 8112: 7996: 7552:

census measuring the 'language spoken at home' of the population

6731: 5421: 5397: 5220: 5184: 5166: 4989: 4814: 4763: 4704: 4681: 4661: 4207:, as 'the language of the people and of the Church in Bukovina'. 4129: 4121: 3988: 3956: 3461: 3441: 3426: 3376: 3212: 2981:

Coat of arms of interwar Suceava county in the Kingdom of Romania

2643: 2631: 2615: 2611: 2227:(i.e. the Moldavian region, vassal of the Turks) God himself set 2129: 2084:

View over the western side of the Suceava medieval seat fortress.

2034: 1999: 1823: 1309: 1289: 1274: 1224: 1091: 1071: 301: 297: 228: 199: 189: 7913:. Secaucus, NJ: Miriam Weiner Routes to Roots Foundation. 1999. 4522:

populations to 12.5% (114,600) and 7.3% (67,200), respectively.

4004: 3271:(operating in the south) regained Northern Bukovina, as well as 2243: 2147:, an Orthodox saint and martyr, who was killed by the Tatars in 1987: 1967:

as his deputy, facilitating the migration of the Romanians from

8486: 8476: 8449: 8192: 8062: 7945: 7802: 5796: 5691: 5621: 5600: 5520: 5274: 5112: 4863: 4771: 4625: 3925: 2674: 2476: 2464: 2198: 2117: 2054: 1901:

in the 870s, Kievan Rus' was a loose federation of speakers of

1802:, writes that some Vlachs seized the future Byzantine emperor, 1795: 596: 276: 255: 5074:

Table highlighting all urban settlements in Northern Bukovina

4794:

Table highlighting all urban settlements in Southern Bukovina

3121:

massacred Jewish soldiers and civilians in the town of Dorohoi

2455:. It contained many prominent historical Moldavian monuments, 9211: 8594: 8393: 8120: 5558: 5539: 4968: 4947: 4735: 4689: 2758: 2713:. These plans included creating a majority-Romanian state of 2663: 2655: 2606:

in the Empire) in the north, with small numbers of Hungarian

2066: 2030: 1995: 1918: 1827: 1749: 1056: 703: 533: 382: 7538:

File:Ethnographic map of austrian monarchy czoernig 1855.jpg

6946:

History of the war for the unification of Romania: 1916–1919

6654:"Bukovina (region, Europe) – Britannica Online Encyclopedia" 4483: 3115:'s population by twenty-two years of Romanian domination of 7923:– via Adapted by Dorcas Gelabert and Stephen Freeman. 3909: 3208: 2954:, this attempt was defeated by Polish and Romanian troops. 2431: 2318:

The coat of arms of Bukovina, a constituent country of the

2233:

Inter nos et Valachiam ipse Deus flumine Tyras dislimitavit

1991: 7885:Ștefan Purici. Represiunile sovietice... pp. 255–258; 4573:

and forming a plurality together with Moldovans in former

4054:), whereas Ukrainian (or Northern) Bukovina is located in 2521:. Beside Stotsky, other important Bukovinian leaders were 8307:

ceded to Bulgaria and the Central Powers (except for the

7591: 7407:(in German). Wien: H.F. Müller's Kunsthandlung. p. 9 7362: 4703:

who fled Russian rule in the 18th century, living in the

3279:, during June–July 1941. It was organized as part of the 2594:

Under Austrian rule, Bukovina remained ethnically mixed:

2049:(the predecessors of modern Ukrainians together with the 6941:

Istoria războiului pentru întregirea României: 1916–1919

4075: 4030:. A popular Romanian-language song about the region is " 3099:

regions from Romania on 26 June 1940 (Bukovina bordered

2849:

Bukovina subsequently united with Romania on 28 November

527: 307:

Inhabited by many cultures and peoples, settled by both

26:"Bucovina" redirects here. For the folk metal band, see 8014:"Soviet Ultimatum Notes (University of Bucharest site)" 8004: 7740:"The Ukrainians: Engaging the 'Eastern Diaspora'". By 6948:] (in Romanian). Ed. Științifică și Enciclopedică. 5965: 2338:

in 1772, the Austrians claimed that they needed it for

1790:. After being inhabited by ancient peoples and tribes ( 599:

is the northern part of Bukovina. In Romania, the term

7967:

La Bucovina (Mihai Eminescu original poem in Romanian)

2907:, several battles were fought in Bukovina between the 2753:

gained supreme jurisdiction over Serbian eparchies of

615:

covers territory outside of the historical Bukovina).

6679: 6677: 6675: 6673: 6671: 4021:

Ukrainians are still a recognized minority in Romania

3682:

Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina

3211:

orders, thousands of local families were deported to

3107:). Initially, the USSR wanted the whole of Bukovina. 2734:

formed an archbishopric, later raised to the rank of

1530:

Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina

935:

Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina

589:) is unofficial, but is common when referring to the 7731:, at the 2011 census site; accessed 2 February 2012. 6994:[Ukrainian minority in Romania (1918–1940)] 3012:

Romanian authorities oversaw a renewed programme of

2397: 2374:

In 1849 Bukovina got a representative assembly, the

2175:

In the 16th and 17th centuries, Ukrainian warriors (

357:

under Hungarian suzerainty (i.e. under the medieval

7978:

Travel information on Ukrainian (Northern) Bukovina

5688:

Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans

4526:are the next largest ethnic group with 4.1%, while 4514:represent about 75% (689,100) of the population of 1936: 1736:since the 10th century. It then became part of the 16:

Historical region split between Romania and Ukraine

6668: 6592: 7071: 7069: 4026:In Romania, 28 November is a holiday observed as 2689:) was placed under spiritual jurisdiction of the 2334:occupied Bukovina in October 1774. Following the 2128:. The most famous monasteries are in the area of 9249: 8054:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 8036:. Archived from the original on 13 November 2007 7843: 7452: 7450: 7159:"The Genocide of Romanians in Northern Bukovina" 6992:"Minoritatea ucraineană din România (1918–1940)" 6617: 6476:O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniates 6441: 6439: 6437: 6435: 6433: 6431: 6429: 6427: 6425: 6423: 6421: 6419: 6417: 6415: 6413: 6411: 6409: 6407: 6086: 2367:, as in other crown lands) and was declared the 296:and the adjoining plains, today divided between 7456: 7103:"Calvarul bucovinenilor sub ocupatia sovietica" 6405: 6403: 6401: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6393: 6391: 6389: 6387: 6075:The Secret File of Joseph Stalin: A Hidden Life 4593:, where Romanians are not in majority anymore. 4581:. In the other eight districts and the city of 4577:. Self-declared Moldovans were the majority in 2482: 580: 555: 540: 59: 7744:. (1999). In Charles King, Neil Melvin (Eds.) 7066: 6802:"Cronologie Concordantă șI Antologie de Texte" 3020:At the same time, Ukrainian enrollment at the 2185:, best known as the subject of Ukraine's bard 2021: 567: 45: 8379: 8088: 7447: 6931: 6487: 6352: 6350: 6348: 6346: 6344: 6342: 6340: 6338: 6336: 6334: 6332: 6330: 6328: 6326: 6324: 6322: 6216:] (in Romanian). Vol. 1. Bucharest. 6152: 6111: 3865: 3207:After the instauration of Soviet rule, under 2709:were planning to turn Austria-Hungary into a 1713: 1138: 7864: 7424: 7422: 6732:"Bukovina Society of the Americas Home Page" 6703: 6701: 6699: 6384: 6320: 6318: 6316: 6314: 6312: 6310: 6308: 6306: 6304: 6302: 5921: 4714:Places such as the etymologically Ukrainian 2768:created a plan (that never came to pass) of 611:of Romania (although 30% of the present-day 561: 546: 522:, which in turn was derived from the common 517: 507: 88: 74: 8034:"detailed article about WWII and aftermath" 7965:has original text related to this article: 6203: 6201: 6199: 6197: 6195: 5888:Galicia, Central European historical region 4079:Demographic composition of Bukovina in 1930 3095:but also the northern half of Bukovina and 1732:The territory of Bukovina had been part of 415:In 1940, the northern half of Bukovina was 8386: 8372: 8095: 8081: 7463:. Cornell University Press. pp. 52–. 7260: 6986: 6984: 6277:"Painted monasteries of Southern Bucovina" 6236:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4600:The renovated Wood Art Museum situated in 3872: 3858: 3147:served as the capital of Ținutul Suceava. 3063:) uproars, to which the regional governor 2747:Metropolitanate of Bukovinian and Dalmatia 2258:, the Ottoman armies were defeated by the 1720: 1706: 1145: 1131: 8395:Historical regions in present-day Ukraine 7585: 7505: 7419: 6937: 6818: 6707: 6696: 6505: 6503: 6299: 6207: 6129: 2997:(voivods' burial sites) are located, and 2830:Bukovina, now part of Romania and Ukraine 2116:and others. With their renowned exterior 1889:Bukovina within the historical region of 7799:"Union of Ukrainians in Romania website" 6885: 6883: 6683: 6566:A Brief Illustrated History of Romanians 6526: 6524: 6192: 4595: 4495:, are included in this map as Romanians. 4482: 4166: 4139: 4074: 4070: 3891: 3883: 3194: 3103:, which the USSR had annexed during the 3078: 2976: 2741:In 1873, the Eastern Orthodox Bishop of 2581: 2573: 2497: 2486: 2430: 2419: 2411: 2313: 2305: 2237: 2079: 1884: 1874: 1862: 483:came into official use in 1775 with the 447: 349:, namely in the 14th century (or in the 8322:ceded to Bulgaria between May 1918 and 8104: 7620:"All-Ukrainian population census|" 6981: 6857: 6855: 6776:"Bukovina Immigration to North America" 6623: 6586: 6560: 6481: 4257:(most notably Germans, Jews, and Poles) 3074: 3035:According to the 1930 Romanian census, 2439:The 1871 and 1904 celebrations held at 2340:a road between Galicia and Transylvania 2322:, depicted at the Assembly Hall in the 560:). Another German name for the region, 436:of Ukraine, while the southern part is 9250: 7974:"Chernivtsi oblast (region) info page" 7910:Jews of Bukovina on the Eve of the War 7791: 7734: 7712: 7640: 7400: 7381: 7349: 6913: 6836: 6834: 6714:Romanian Journal of Population Studies 6500: 6488:Channon, John; Hudson, Robert (1995). 6039: 6037: 6035: 6033: 6031: 6029: 3692:Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists 3241:German population of Northern Bukovina 3192:) were allotted to the Ukrainian SSR. 2685:Eparchy of Bukovina (with its seat in 2057:). In 1497 a battle took place at the 1540:Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists 9278:Subdivisions of the Habsburg monarchy 8961:Little Russia Governorate (1796–1802) 8956:Little Russia Governorate (1764–1781) 8367: 8076: 7202:from the original on 20 December 2016 6968: 6880: 6778:. Bukovinasociety.org. Archived from 6521: 4478: 2920:situation was not improved until the 2783: 2126:painted churches of northern Moldavia 1925:. The rest was incorporated into the 7817: 7758: 7404:Die Bukowina im Königreiche Galizien 7236: 6852: 6821:Cultural Politics in Greater Romania 5581:The Carpathian Mountains in Bukovina 5066: 4786: 4781: 4034:" ("Sings the Cuckoo in Bukovina"). 1752:within the Austrian Empire in 1849. 8068:Things to do when visiting Bucovina 7844:Valentina Glajar (1 January 2004). 6831: 6026: 5408:), the largest in southern Bukovina 4112:, and German colonists). Historian 3916:. The territory became part of the 3150: 2749:was created. The new archbishop of 2701:, and that family names were being 2479:are a regional Ukrainian subgroup. 2274:foreigner was put on the throne of 1813: 13: 7837: 6975:The short history of the Romanians 6756:. Freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com 6490:Penguin Historical Atlas of Russia 3267:(operating in the north), and the 2999:dreptul de liberă hotărâre de sine 2281: 2170:Mihai Viteazul (Michael the Brave) 1806:, when "he reached the borders of 14: 9299: 7928: 7869:(in Ukrainian). Politychna Dumka. 6901:from the original on 28 June 2021 6153:David Rechter (16 October 2008). 5742:The Roman Catholic church of the 3712:Post-Soviet transition in Ukraine 3287:the Romanian mayors of Cernăuți, 2707:Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand 2398:Late 19th to early 20th centuries 1560:Post-Soviet transition in Ukraine 126:with Bukovina in northern Romania 9087:West Ukrainian People's Republic 9061:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria 8257: 8223: 8175: 8145: 8123: 8103: 7956: 7944: 7933: 6895:Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine 6593:Christine Woodhead, ed. (2011). 6536:Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine 6451:Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine 6363:Historical Dictionary of Ukraine 6159:Journal of Modern Jewish Studies 5854: 5835: 5812: 5789: 5770: 5751: 5735: 5715: 5699: 5680: 5652: 5629: 5610: 5586: 5574: 5551: 5532: 5513: 5494: 5475: 5456: 5437: 5413: 5389: 3896:Southern Bukovina within Romania 3888:Northern Bukovina within Ukraine 3841: 3642:West Ukrainian People's Republic 3587:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria 3333: 3294: 2952:West Ukrainian People's Republic 2941:West Ukrainian National Republic 2873:West Ukrainian People's Republic 2865: 2770:United States of Greater Austria 2351:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria 2250:and Moldavia's loss of Bukovina. 1990:as its capital from 1564 (after 1949:. In 1302, it was passed to the 1943:Principality of Galicia-Volhynia 1937:Principality of Galicia–Volhynia 1931:Principality of Galicia-Volhynia 1774:Romania in the Early Middle Ages 1748:in 1775, and was made a nominal 1746:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria 1689: 1490:West Ukrainian People's Republic 1435:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria 1181: 1114: 647: 427:, a non-aggression pact between 150: 135: 113: 9075:20th-century regions and states 7690: 7660: 7641:Liberă, Europa (16 July 2020). 7634: 7612: 7592:Jan Owsinski, Piotr Eberhardt. 7571: 7557: 7542: 7530: 7477: 7436: 7394: 7375: 7343: 7329: 7311: 7281: 7254: 7245: 7214: 7178: 7169: 7151: 7125: 7095: 7051: 7034: 7017: 6962: 6812: 6794: 6768: 6746: 6724: 6646: 6554: 6469: 6269: 6087:Sophie A. Welsch (March 1986). 5977: 5722:The Polish basilica in Cacica ( 5262:Nepolocăuți/Grigore-Ghica Vodă 4203:was recognized, along with the 3253:1941 attack on the Soviet Union 2634:21.24% (Jews 12.86% included), 2598:were predominant in the south, 2029:moved the seat of Moldova from 1867:Principalities of Kievan Rus', 1855:composed the local population. 9189:Ethno-Ukrainian regions abroad 7850:. Camden House. pp. 13–. 7598:. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 295–. 7384:Românii și rutenii în Bucovina 7352:Românii și rutenii în Bucovina 7261:Pokrzyńska, Magdalena (2010). 6938:Kirițescu, Constantin (1989). 6708:Ungureanu, Constantin (2011). 6515:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 6244: 6146: 6105: 6080: 6067: 6001: 5910: 4542:, and Russian, respectively). 3512:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 3467:Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' 3180:and not into the newly formed 3131:counties, as well as parts of 3049:ten new administrative regions 2790:Union of Bukovina with Romania 2256:Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774 2061:(the hilly forests separating 2037:in 1388. In the 15th century, 1360:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1315:Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' 377:(the hilly forests separating 1: 9268:Historical regions in Ukraine 9263:Historical regions in Romania 8063:JEWISH GALICIA & BUKOVINA 7941:travel guide from Wikivoyage 7295:(in Romanian). Archived from 7109:(in Romanian). Archived from 6998:(in Romanian). Archived from 6624:Magocsi, Paul Robert (1996). 5994: 5420:The Administrative Palace in 4762:, as well as in the towns of 4506:According to the data of the 4065: 3632:Ukrainian War of Independence 3301:Socialist Republic of Romania 3228:and on 1 April 1941 with the 3091:, the USSR demanded not only 2801:Romanian takeover of Bukovina 2587: 2217:Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny 1858: 1755: 1480:Ukrainian War of Independence 954:Socialist Republic of Romania 7325:(in Romanian). 20 June 2017. 6214:From the history of Bukovina 4995:Sotschen/Sutschawa/Suczawa; 4491:, counted separately in the 4037: 3627:Ukraine after the Revolution 3067:(the future governor of the 2971:General Congress of Bukovina 2483:Ukrainian national sentiment 2045:. Pokuttya was inhabited by 1475:Ukraine after the Revolution 808:Principality of Transylvania 595:, as over two-thirds of the 7: 9164:Governorate of Subcarpathia 9082:Ukrainian People's Republic 8740:Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia 7511:Ionas Aurelian Rus (2008), 7163:Radio Romania International 6630:University of Toronto Press 6009:"Bukovina | region, Europe" 5966: 5876: 4475:Note: e-estimate; c-census 4089:Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia 3947:. In Crasna (in the former 3767:Russian invasion of Ukraine 3727:Russia–Ukraine gas disputes 3637:Ukrainian People's Republic 3352:Trypillian–Cucuteni culture 2922:February Revolution of 1917 2691:Metropolitanate of Karlovci 2614:, and Polish peasants, and 2022:Polish and Moldavian period 2014:) is derived from a river ( 1965:Dragoș, Voivode of Moldavia 1615:Russian invasion of Ukraine 1575:Russia–Ukraine gas disputes 1485:Ukrainian People's Republic 1200:Trypillian–Cucuteni culture 353:), Bukovina became part of 179:Administrative Subdivisions 10: 9304: 9174:Reichskommissariat Ukraine 9001:Yekaterinoslav Governorate 8941:Kyiv Governorate (1708–64) 7992:(in English and Ukrainian) 7865:O. Derhachov, ed. (1996). 7372:Innsbruck (1902), pp. 1–71 7368:Raimund Friedrich Kaindl. 7135:. Unhcr.md. Archived from 6971:Scurta istorie a românilor 5382: 4095:, following the revolt of 4050:(plus three localities in 3702:Reichskommissariat Ukraine 3672:Communist Party of Ukraine 3622:Ukraine during World War I 3298: 3199:Administrative map of the 3154: 2937:Ukrainian National Council 2787: 2401: 2295: 2285: 2223:protocol, "Between us and 1927:Principality of Terebovlia 1759: 1550:Reichskommissariat Ukraine 1520:Communist Party of Ukraine 1470:Ukraine during World War I 863:1848 Wallachian Revolution 682:Prehistory of Transylvania 667:Cucuteni–Trypillia culture 618: 491:to the possessions of the 25: 18: 9187: 9074: 9050: 9011:Nikolayev War Governorate 8889: 8845: 8802: 8748: 8697: 8643: 8569: 8401: 8282: 8253: 8219: 8171: 8141: 8119: 7748:. Wesview Press, p. 119. 7077:"Românii din Ucraina (2)" 6819:Livezeanu, Irina (1995). 6256:Encyclopediaofukraine.com 6208:Iacobescu, Mihai (1993). 6171:10.1080/14725880802405027 5955: 5283:Putilla Storonetz/Putyla 5073: 4850:historically Довгопілля, 4793: 4722:(whose name in German is 4254: 4251: 4248: 3617:Modern history of Ukraine 2933:Romanian National Council 2884: 2857: 2813: 2805: 2800: 2602:(commonly referred to as 2336:First Partition of Poland 2320:Imperial Austrian Council 1893:over the passing of time. 1465:Modern history of Ukraine 858:1848 Moldavian Revolution 581: 541: 345:. During the time of the 323:), it became part of the 266: 249: 227: 217: 209: 178: 161: 149: 131: 112: 105: 60: 40: 21:Bukovina (disambiguation) 8718:Principality of Theodoro 7989:Ukrainian Census results 7457:Irina Livezeanu (2000). 7046:Cornell University Press 6825:Cornell University Press 6684:Hitchins, Keith (1996). 6131:10.1177/0888325418780479 5903: 5883:Principality of Moldavia 5265:Nepolokoutz/Nepolokiwzi 4093:principality of Moldavia 3482:Grand Duchy of Lithuania 3477:Principality of Moldavia 3123:. The Red Army occupied 3069:Transnistria Governorate 2991:Principality of Moldavia 2931:in 1918, both the local 2766:Archduke Franz Ferdinand 2390:, it became part of the 2298:Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca 1330:Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1325:Principality of Moldavia 766:Voivodeship of Maramureș 751:Banat in the Middle Ages 489:Principality of Moldavia 333:principality of Moldavia 9222:Southern Maramorshchyna 9154:Stanyslaviv Voivodeship 8996:Novorossiya Governorate 8539:Northern Maramorshchyna 8311:) between May 1918 and 7029:Encyclopedia of Ukraine 6925:Encyclopedia of Ukraine 6686:The Romanians 1774–1866 6013:Encyclopedia Britannica 4680:(almost exclusively in 3687:Ukraine in World War II 3157:Romania in World War II 3089:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact 2388:Austro-Hungarian Empire 2324:Viennese Justice Palace 2075:John I Albert of Poland 2071:Stephen III of Moldavia 2018:) flowing in Bukovina. 1778:Origin of the Romanians 1738:Principality of Galicia 1535:Ukraine in World War II 920:Union with Transylvania 828:Danubian Principalities 761:Second Bulgarian Empire 746:History of Transylvania 719:Origin of the Romanians 528: 512:, was derived from the 443: 425:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact 398:administrative division 391:John I Albert of Poland 387:Stephen III of Moldavia 8931:Bessarabia Governorate 8909:Kyiv Military District 8900:Black Sea Cossack Host 8351:Only the southern part 7485:"1930 Romanian Census" 6112:Gaëlle Fisher (2019). 5947: 5939: 5931: 5922: 5917: 5846: 5827: 5804: 5781: 5762: 5727: 5707: 5672: 5668: 5543: 5524: 5505: 5486: 5467: 5448: 5319:Waschkautz/Waschkiwzi 4609: 4605: 4496: 4188: 4184: 4180: 4164: 4156: 4148: 4080: 4058:and it is part of the 4046:and it is part of the 3897: 3889: 3657:Directorate of Ukraine 3204: 3084: 2982: 2885:Commanders and leaders 2726:in Bukovina surpassed 2591: 2579: 2506: 2495: 2436: 2428: 2417: 2327: 2311: 2251: 2085: 2011: 1894: 1882: 1880:Galicia–Volhynia state 1872: 1869:Principality of Halych 1505:Directorate of Ukraine 756:First Bulgarian Empire 568: 562: 556: 547: 518: 508: 465: 198:(Southern Bukovina in 188:(Northern Bukovina in 89: 75: 46: 8976:Chernihiv Governorate 8966:Volhynian Viceroyalty 8919:Volhynian Governorate 8789:Volhynian Voivodeship 8784:Ruthenian Voivodeship 8769:Chernihiv Voivodeship 8570:States and tribes of 8348:Only the eastern part 8343:Northern Transylvania 7953:at Wikimedia Commons 7647:Europa Liberă România 7264:Bukowińczycy w Polsce 7193:Shoah Resource Center 7025:Chernivtsi University 6734:. Bukovinasociety.org 6210:Din istoria Bucovinei 5708:Mariensee/Ludwigsdorf 5464:Câmpulung Moldovenesc 4836:Câmpulung Moldovenesc 4697:Ukrainians of Romania 4670:Câmpulung Moldovenesc 4602:Câmpulung Moldovenesc 4599: 4508:2001 Ukrainian census 4493:2001 Ukrainian census 4486: 4170: 4143: 4078: 4071:Historical population 4032:Cântă cucu-n Bucovina 3895: 3887: 3251:In the course of the 3230:Fântâna Albă massacre 3198: 3082: 3003:Treaty of St. Germain 2980: 2927:With the collapse of 2585: 2577: 2501: 2490: 2434: 2423: 2415: 2357:'crown land' under a 2317: 2309: 2254:In the course of the 2241: 2149:Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi 2083: 1888: 1878: 1866: 1843:. In the 9th century 1760:Further information: 910:Union with Bessarabia 873:United Principalities 771:Founding of Wallachia 677:Bronze Age in Romania 579:In Ukraine, the name 451: 268: • Summer ( 9144:Ternopil Voivodeship 8779:Podolian Voivodeship 8402:Geographical regions 8345:in Hungary (1940–44) 8331:in Romania (1859–78) 8207:(1859–1940; 1941–44) 8020:on November 13, 2007 7779:on 23 September 2015 7492:Upload.wikimedia.org 7401:Müller, H F (1848). 7382:Nistor, Ion (1915). 7350:Nistor, Ion (1915). 6626:A History of Ukraine 6601:Taylor & Francis 6281:Brasovtravelguide.ro 5898:Székelys of Bukovina 5843:Mănăstirea Humorului 5659:The German House in 5100:Berehomete pe Siret 4701:Zaporozhian Cossacks 4630:Mănăstirea Humorului 4235:1930 Romanian census 4171:The Polish House in 4044:northeastern Romania 3532:Khmelnytsky Uprising 3500:Early modern history 3452:Principality of Kiev 3281:Bukovina Governorate 3269:Fourth Romanian Army 3201:Bukovina Governorate 3075:Division of Bukovina 2808:Polish–Ukrainian War 2511:Ruska Besida Society 2404:Early Modern Romania 2302:Early Modern Romania 2246:(1875) dedicated to 2195:Khmelnytsky uprising 2122:World Heritage Sites 1380:Khmelnytsky Uprising 1348:Early modern history 1300:Principality of Kiev 1049:By historical region 848:Transylvanian School 776:Founding of Moldavia 423:in violation of the 19:For other uses, see 9169:Kharkiv Governorate 9006:Kherson Governorate 8991:Taurida Governorate 8986:Kharkov Governorate 8971:Poltava Governorate 8936:Kharkov Governorate 8924:Podolia Governorate 8764:Bracław Voivodeship 8735:Carpathian Ruthenia 8572:classical antiquity 8529:Naddnistrianshchyna 8509:Carpathian Ruthenia 8354:Transylvania proper 8329:Southern Bessarabia 7805:on 30 December 2008 7390:. pp. 107–112. 6969:Bulei, Ion (1996). 6867:Bukovinasociety.org 6848:on 22 October 2007. 6287:on 6 September 2014 5864:-Huțulca-Moldovița 5706:Cârlibaba (German: 5694:World Heritage site 5624:World Heritage site 5604:World Heritage Site 4770:, and still are in 3737:Russo-Ukrainian War 3597:Carpathian Ruthenia 3397:Chernyakhov culture 3261:Romanian Third Army 3245:coerced to resettle 3087:As a result of the 3022:Cernăuți University 2995:gropnițele domnești 2891:Yevhen Petrushevych 2821:11–12 November 1918 2695:Old Church Slavonic 2519:Stepan Smal-Stotsky 2492:Stepan Smal-Stotsky 2443:, near the tomb of 2069:valleys), at which 1804:Andronikos Komnenos 1740:, and then part of 1585:Russo-Ukrainian War 1445:Carpathian Ruthenia 1245:Chernyakhov culture 1015:Historical timeline 915:Union with Bukovina 883:War of Independence 495:, which became the 485:region's annexation 385:valleys), at which 294:Eastern Carpathians 76:Buchenland/Bukowina 9273:Historical regions 8861:Right-bank Ukraine 8644:Principalities of 8630:Old Great Bulgaria 8423:Right-bank Ukraine 8195:(1918–40; 1941–44) 8189:(1918–40; 1941–44) 8164:(1913–16; 1919–40) 8109:Historical regions 7997:City of Chernivtsy 7727:2019-08-02 at the 7622:. Ukrcensus.gov.ua 7299:on 16 January 2018 7005:on 17 October 2015 6863:"Bukovina Society" 6754:"Bukovina Germans" 6370:. pp. 64–66. 5334:Voloca pe Derelui 4610: 4579:Novoselytsia Raion 4497: 4479:Current population 4201:Ruthenian language 4189: 4165: 4097:Bogdan the Founder 4081: 3959:, near the towns: 3914:Paris peace treaty 3898: 3890: 3848:Ukraine portal 3790:Historical regions 3392:Zarubintsy culture 3305:History of Moldova 3239:Almost the entire 3205: 3105:Invasion of Poland 3085: 2987:Kingdom of Romania 2983: 2784:Kingdom of Romania 2592: 2580: 2569:Bukovina's Germans 2507: 2496: 2449:Kingdom of Romania 2437: 2429: 2418: 2408:History of Ukraine 2369:Herzogtum Bukowina 2328: 2312: 2252: 2202:Bohdan Khmelnytsky 2086: 1923:Vladimir the Great 1895: 1883: 1873: 1820:Trypillian culture 1762:History of Ukraine 1696:Ukraine portal 1638:Historical regions 1240:Zarubintsy culture 1121:Romania portal 986:Romania since 1989 897:Kingdom of Romania 841:National Awakening 813:Eyalet of Temesvar 795:Early Modern Times 466: 371:Bogdan the Founder 359:Kingdom of Hungary 9288:Rusyn communities 9245: 9244: 9179:Distrikt Galizien 9149:Volyn Voivodeship 9066:Duchy of Bukovina 8981:Kholm Governorate 8905:Southwestern Krai 8866:Left-bank Ukraine 8856:Cossack Hetmanate 8804:Ottoman provinces 8750:Polish–Lithuanian 8577:Early Middle Ages 8534:Northern Bukovina 8418:Left-bank Ukraine 8361: 8360: 7949:Media related to 7920:978-0-9656508-0-9 7857:978-1-57113-256-7 7605:978-0-7656-1833-7 7430:Bukovina Handbook 7358:. pp. 70–72. 7274:978-83-7481-383-9 7083:on 6 October 2007 7040:Irina Livezeanu. 6955:978-973-29-0048-2 6827:. pp. 54–55. 6596:The Ottoman World 6579:978-973-50-4334-6 6532:"Mukha Rebellion" 6478:(2.4.131), p. 74. 6358:Ivan Katchanovski 5964: 5871:in Suceava County 5618:Voroneț Monastery 5380: 5379: 5067:Northern Bukovina 5064: 5063: 5015: 5011:historic Сочава, 5002: 4854: 4787:Southern Bukovina 4782:Urban settlements 4748:Izvoarele Sucevei 4726:, and used to be 4516:Chernivtsi Oblast 4473: 4472: 4258: 4233:According to the 4205:Romanian language 4060:Chernivtsi Oblast 4017:Chernivtsi Oblast 3945:Codrii Cosminului 3922:Chernivtsi Oblast 3882: 3881: 3779:Topics by history 3762:COVID-19 pandemic 3722:Orange Revolution 3697:Volhynia genocide 3582:Habsburg monarchy 3542:Cossack Hetmanate 3186:Nikita Khrushchev 3163:Chernivtsi Oblast 3065:Gheorghe Alexianu 2901: 2900: 2853: 2852: 2724:Ukrainian culture 2720:Lukjan Kobylytsia 2654:0.02%, and a few 2565:Lukian Kobylytsia 2546:Denys Kvitkovsky 2535:Orest Zybachynsky 2445:Stephen the Great 2347:Bukovina District 2292:Duchy of Bukovina 2288:Bukovina District 2278:by the Ottomans. 2264:Grigore III Ghica 2248:Grigore III Ghica 2213:Severyn Nalyvaiko 1913:, founded by the 1800:Niketas Choniates 1730: 1729: 1627:Topics by history 1610:COVID-19 pandemic 1570:Orange Revolution 1545:Volhynia genocide 1430:Habsburg monarchy 1390:Cossack Hetmanate 1155: 1154: 1010:Romanian language 962:Soviet occupation 605:Southern Bukovina 601:Northern Bukovina 592:Chernivtsi Oblast 493:Habsburg monarchy 458:Duchy of Bukovina 434:Chernivtsi Oblast 402:Habsburg monarchy 287: 286: 222:Habsburg monarchy 186:Chernivtsi Oblast 107:Historical region 35:Historical region 9295: 9159:Carpatho-Ukraine 9139:Lviv Voivodeship 9124:Drohobych Oblast 9052:Austro-Hungarian 8914:Kyiv Governorate 8891:Imperial Russian 8876:Zaporozhian Sich 8774:Kyiv Voivodeship 8759:Belz Voivodeship 8664:Novhorod-Seversk 8472:Southern Ukraine 8388: 8381: 8374: 8365: 8364: 8261: 8227: 8211:Western Moldavia 8179: 8162:Southern Dobruja 8157:Northern Dobruja 8149: 8127: 8107: 8106: 8097: 8090: 8083: 8074: 8073: 8059: 8053: 8045: 8043: 8041: 8029: 8027: 8025: 8016:. Archived from 8009: 8001: 7993: 7985: 7984:on 20 June 2011. 7980:. Archived from 7960: 7948: 7937: 7924: 7870: 7861: 7831: 7821: 7815: 7814: 7812: 7810: 7801:. Archived from 7795: 7789: 7788: 7786: 7784: 7778: 7771: 7762: 7756: 7738: 7732: 7720: 7716: 7710: 7709: 7707: 7705: 7694: 7688: 7687: 7685: 7683: 7674:. Archived from 7664: 7658: 7657: 7655: 7653: 7638: 7632: 7631: 7629: 7627: 7616: 7610: 7609: 7589: 7583: 7578:Austro-Hungarian 7575: 7569: 7564:Austro-Hungarian 7561: 7555: 7550:Austro-Hungarian 7546: 7540: 7534: 7528: 7509: 7503: 7502: 7500: 7498: 7489: 7481: 7475: 7474: 7454: 7445: 7440: 7434: 7426: 7417: 7416: 7414: 7412: 7398: 7392: 7391: 7388:Romanian Academy 7379: 7373: 7366: 7360: 7359: 7356:Romanian Academy 7347: 7341: 7340: 7339:. December 2023. 7333: 7327: 7326: 7315: 7309: 7308: 7306: 7304: 7285: 7279: 7278: 7258: 7252: 7249: 7243: 7240: 7234: 7233: 7231: 7229: 7218: 7212: 7211: 7209: 7207: 7201: 7190: 7182: 7176: 7173: 7167: 7166: 7155: 7149: 7148: 7146: 7144: 7129: 7123: 7122: 7120: 7118: 7099: 7093: 7092: 7090: 7088: 7073: 7064: 7055: 7049: 7038: 7032: 7021: 7015: 7014: 7012: 7010: 7004: 6997: 6988: 6979: 6978: 6966: 6960: 6959: 6935: 6929: 6928: 6917: 6911: 6910: 6908: 6906: 6887: 6878: 6877: 6875: 6873: 6859: 6850: 6849: 6838: 6829: 6828: 6816: 6810: 6809: 6798: 6792: 6791: 6789: 6787: 6772: 6766: 6765: 6763: 6761: 6750: 6744: 6743: 6741: 6739: 6728: 6722: 6721: 6705: 6694: 6693: 6681: 6666: 6665: 6663: 6661: 6656:. Britannica.com 6650: 6644: 6643: 6621: 6615: 6614: 6590: 6584: 6583: 6558: 6552: 6551: 6549: 6547: 6538:. Archived from 6528: 6519: 6518: 6507: 6498: 6497: 6485: 6479: 6473: 6467: 6466: 6464: 6462: 6453:. Archived from 6443: 6382: 6381: 6354: 6297: 6296: 6294: 6292: 6283:. Archived from 6273: 6267: 6266: 6264: 6262: 6248: 6242: 6241: 6235: 6227: 6205: 6190: 6189: 6187: 6185: 6150: 6144: 6143: 6133: 6109: 6103: 6102: 6100: 6098: 6093: 6084: 6078: 6073:Brackman, Roman 6071: 6065: 6064: 6062: 6060: 6051:. Archived from 6041: 6024: 6023: 6021: 6019: 6005: 5988: 5981: 5975: 5969: 5959: 5957: 5925: 5914: 5893:Bukovina Germans 5858: 5839: 5816: 5793: 5774: 5755: 5744:Bukovina Germans 5739: 5719: 5703: 5684: 5656: 5633: 5614: 5590: 5578: 5555: 5536: 5517: 5498: 5479: 5460: 5441: 5417: 5393: 5071: 5070: 5010: 4997:historically in 4996: 4849: 4791: 4790: 4658:Bukovina Germans 4591:Chernivtsi Raion 4287:51,920 – 91,780 4269:40,920 – 64,000 4256: 4243: 4242: 3874: 3867: 3860: 3846: 3845: 3844: 3810:Economic history 3717:Cassette Scandal 3522:Zaporozhian Host 3516:Kiev Voivodeship 3422:Early East Slavs 3382:Bosporan Kingdom 3362:Catacomb culture 3337: 3327: 3309: 3308: 3265:Petre Dumitrescu 3174: 3173: 3169: 3151:Second World War 2909:Austro-Hungarian 2875: 2871: 2869: 2868: 2839:Romanian victory 2815: 2814: 2798: 2797: 2683:Eastern Orthodox 2640:Hungarian people 2589: 2554: 2543: 2527:Omelian Popovych 2523:Yerotei Pihuliak 2504:Galicia–Volhynia 2502:Coat of arms of 2425:Olha Kobylianska 2231:as the border" ( 2187:Taras Shevchenko 2146: 1951:Halych metropoly 1907:Uralic languages 1814:Early settlement 1722: 1715: 1708: 1694: 1693: 1692: 1658:Economic history 1565:Cassette Scandal 1370:Zaporozhian Host 1364:Kiev Voivodeship 1270:Early East Slavs 1230:Bosporan Kingdom 1210:Catacomb culture 1185: 1175: 1157: 1156: 1147: 1140: 1133: 1119: 1118: 1117: 1020:Military history 1005:Economic history 672:Hamangia culture 651: 641: 623: 622: 584: 583: 571: 565: 559: 550: 544: 543: 531: 521: 511: 351:high Middle Ages 273: 242: 154: 139: 117: 100: 92: 86: 78: 71: 63: 62: 57: 49: 38: 37: 9303: 9302: 9298: 9297: 9296: 9294: 9293: 9292: 9248: 9247: 9246: 9241: 9183: 9104:Hutsul Republic 9094:Ukrainian State 9070: 9046: 9016:Gradonachalstvo 8885: 8871:Sloboda Ukraine 8841: 8832:Silistra Eyalet 8812:Ottoman Ukraine 8798: 8744: 8713:Crimean Khanate 8699:Post-Mongol era 8693: 8639: 8574: 8565: 8499:Western Ukraine 8460:Sloboda Ukraine 8445:Eastern Ukraine 8413:Dnieper Ukraine 8409:Central Ukraine 8397: 8392: 8362: 8357: 8278: 8249: 8215: 8167: 8137: 8115: 8101: 8047: 8046: 8039: 8037: 8032: 8023: 8021: 8012: 8007: 7999: 7991: 7972: 7961: Romanian 7931: 7921: 7907: 7858: 7840: 7838:Further reading 7835: 7834: 7822: 7818: 7808: 7806: 7797: 7796: 7792: 7782: 7780: 7776: 7769: 7765: 7763: 7759: 7739: 7735: 7729:Wayback Machine 7718: 7717: 7713: 7703: 7701: 7696: 7695: 7691: 7681: 7679: 7672:Cernauti.mae.ro 7666: 7665: 7661: 7651: 7649: 7639: 7635: 7625: 7623: 7618: 7617: 7613: 7606: 7590: 7586: 7580:census of 1900 7576: 7572: 7566:census of 1890 7562: 7558: 7547: 7543: 7535: 7531: 7510: 7506: 7496: 7494: 7487: 7483: 7482: 7478: 7471: 7455: 7448: 7441: 7437: 7427: 7420: 7410: 7408: 7399: 7395: 7380: 7376: 7367: 7363: 7348: 7344: 7335: 7334: 7330: 7317: 7316: 7312: 7302: 7300: 7287: 7286: 7282: 7275: 7259: 7255: 7250: 7246: 7241: 7237: 7227: 7225: 7220: 7219: 7215: 7205: 7203: 7199: 7188: 7184: 7183: 7179: 7174: 7170: 7157: 7156: 7152: 7142: 7140: 7139:on 28 June 2006 7133:"UNHCR Moldova" 7131: 7130: 7126: 7116: 7114: 7101: 7100: 7096: 7086: 7084: 7075: 7074: 7067: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7052: 7039: 7035: 7022: 7018: 7008: 7006: 7002: 6995: 6990: 6989: 6982: 6967: 6963: 6956: 6936: 6932: 6919: 6918: 6914: 6904: 6902: 6889: 6888: 6881: 6871: 6869: 6861: 6860: 6853: 6840: 6839: 6832: 6817: 6813: 6800: 6799: 6795: 6785: 6783: 6774: 6773: 6769: 6759: 6757: 6752: 6751: 6747: 6737: 6735: 6730: 6729: 6725: 6706: 6697: 6690:Clarendon Press 6682: 6669: 6659: 6657: 6652: 6651: 6647: 6640: 6632:. p. 420. 6622: 6618: 6611: 6591: 6587: 6580: 6559: 6555: 6545: 6543: 6530: 6529: 6522: 6509: 6508: 6501: 6486: 6482: 6474: 6470: 6460: 6458: 6445: 6444: 6385: 6378: 6368:Scarecrow Press 6355: 6300: 6290: 6288: 6275: 6274: 6270: 6260: 6258: 6250: 6249: 6245: 6229: 6228: 6224: 6206: 6193: 6183: 6181: 6151: 6147: 6110: 6106: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6085: 6081: 6072: 6068: 6058: 6056: 6055:on 22 June 2021 6043: 6042: 6027: 6017: 6015: 6007: 6006: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5991: 5982: 5978: 5972:other languages 5915: 5911: 5906: 5879: 5872: 5859: 5850: 5840: 5831: 5817: 5808: 5794: 5785: 5775: 5766: 5756: 5747: 5740: 5731: 5720: 5711: 5704: 5695: 5685: 5676: 5657: 5648: 5638:Putna Monastery 5634: 5625: 5615: 5606: 5591: 5582: 5579: 5570: 5556: 5547: 5537: 5528: 5518: 5509: 5499: 5490: 5480: 5471: 5461: 5452: 5442: 5433: 5418: 5409: 5394: 5385: 5229:Luschany/Luzan 5079:Ukrainian name 5069: 5056:Verkhnye Vykove 5054:Верхнє Викове, 4999:Old High German 4805:Ukrainian name 4789: 4784: 4730:in Ukrainian), 4728:Ruska Moldavyda 4724:Russ Moldawitza 4501:Austrian Empire 4481: 4275:8,000 – 22,810 4272:59.6% – 85.33% 4217:Austria-Hungary 4213:Austrian Empire 4073: 4068: 4056:western Ukraine 4052:Botoșani County 4040: 3878: 3842: 3840: 3835: 3834: 3785:Name of Ukraine 3780: 3772: 3771: 3647:Ukrainian State 3612: 3602: 3601: 3552:Sloboda Ukraine 3502: 3492: 3491: 3487:Crimean Khanate 3457:Kingdom of Rus' 3417: 3407: 3406: 3357:Yamnaya culture 3347: 3325: 3318: 3307: 3299:Main articles: 3297: 3289:Traian Popovici 3263:led by General 3171: 3167: 3166: 3159: 3153: 3141:Putna Monastery 3101:Eastern Galicia 3077: 3045:Ținutul Suceava 3014:Romanianization 2929:Austria-Hungary 2866: 2864: 2845: 2831: 2796: 2794:Greater Romania 2788:Main articles: 2786: 2736:Metropolitanate 2697:was favored to 2675:imperial decree 2673:In 1783, by an 2548: 2537: 2513:was founded in 2485: 2441:Putna Monastery 2410: 2402:Main articles: 2400: 2360:Landespräsident 2332:Austrian Empire 2304: 2294: 2286:Main articles: 2284: 2282:Austrian Empire 2136: 2024: 2002:). The name of 1939: 1861: 1849:White Croatians 1816: 1780: 1758: 1726: 1690: 1688: 1683: 1682: 1633:Name of Ukraine 1628: 1620: 1619: 1495:Ukrainian State 1460: 1450: 1449: 1400:Sloboda Ukraine 1350: 1340: 1339: 1335:Crimean Khanate 1305:Kingdom of Rus' 1265: 1255: 1254: 1205:Yamnaya culture 1195: 1173: 1166: 1151: 1115: 1113: 1108: 1107: 1106: 1051: 1041: 1040: 1039: 999: 991: 990: 981: 980:Post-Revolution 973: 972: 971: 956: 946: 945: 944: 930:Fascist Kingdom 925:Greater Romania 899: 889: 888: 887: 853:Organic Statute 842: 834: 833: 832: 803:Silistra Eyalet 797: 787: 786: 785: 740: 725: 724: 723: 698: 688: 687: 686: 661: 639: 632: 621: 501:Austria-Hungary 497:Austrian Empire 454:Austria-Hungary 446: 410:Austria-Hungary 406:Austrian Empire 267: 245: 240: 205: 174: 157: 145: 144: 143: 142: 127: 108: 101: 94: 87: 80: 72: 65: 58: 51: 43: 36: 31: 28:Bucovina (band) 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9301: 9291: 9290: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9270: 9265: 9260: 9243: 9242: 9240: 9239: 9237:Yellow Ukraine 9234: 9229: 9224: 9219: 9214: 9209: 9204: 9199: 9193: 9191: 9185: 9184: 9182: 9181: 9176: 9171: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9146: 9141: 9136: 9134:Crimean Oblast 9131: 9126: 9121: 9119:Moldavian ASSR 9116: 9111: 9109:Makhnovshchina 9106: 9101: 9099:Lemko Republic 9096: 9091: 9090: 9089: 9078: 9076: 9072: 9071: 9069: 9068: 9063: 9057: 9055: 9048: 9047: 9045: 9044: 9043: 9042: 9039: 9036: 9035:Kerch-Yenikale 9033: 9030: 9027: 9024: 9021: 9013: 9008: 9003: 8998: 8993: 8988: 8983: 8978: 8973: 8968: 8963: 8958: 8953: 8948: 8943: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8927: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8902: 8896: 8894: 8887: 8886: 8884: 8883: 8878: 8873: 8868: 8863: 8858: 8852: 8850: 8843: 8842: 8840: 8839: 8834: 8829: 8827:Podolia Eyalet 8824: 8819: 8817:Danube Vilayet 8814: 8808: 8806: 8800: 8799: 8797: 8796: 8791: 8786: 8781: 8776: 8771: 8766: 8761: 8755: 8753: 8746: 8745: 8743: 8742: 8737: 8732: 8731: 8730: 8728:Cherven Cities 8720: 8715: 8710: 8704: 8702: 8695: 8694: 8692: 8691: 8686: 8681: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8656: 8650: 8648: 8641: 8640: 8638: 8637: 8632: 8627: 8625:Avar Khaganate 8622: 8617: 8612: 8607: 8602: 8597: 8592: 8587: 8581: 8579: 8567: 8566: 8564: 8563: 8562: 8561: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8541: 8536: 8531: 8526: 8521: 8516: 8511: 8506: 8496: 8495: 8494: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8469: 8468: 8467: 8462: 8457: 8452: 8442: 8441: 8440: 8435: 8430: 8425: 8420: 8405: 8403: 8399: 8398: 8391: 8390: 8383: 8376: 8368: 8359: 8358: 8356: 8355: 8352: 8349: 8346: 8340: 8332: 8326: 8315: 8300: 8292: 8283: 8280: 8279: 8277: 8276: 8271: 8265: 8263: 8251: 8250: 8248: 8247: 8242: 8237: 8231: 8229: 8217: 8216: 8214: 8213: 8208: 8202: 8196: 8190: 8183: 8181: 8169: 8168: 8166: 8165: 8159: 8153: 8151: 8139: 8138: 8136: 8135: 8131: 8129: 8117: 8116: 8100: 8099: 8092: 8085: 8077: 8071: 8070: 8065: 8060: 8030: 8010: 8002: 8000:(in Ukrainian) 7994: 7986: 7930: 7929:External links 7927: 7926: 7925: 7919: 7905: 7895: 7892: 7889: 7886: 7883: 7880: 7877: 7871: 7862: 7856: 7839: 7836: 7833: 7832: 7816: 7790: 7757: 7746:Nations Abroad 7733: 7711: 7689: 7678:on 3 July 2021 7659: 7633: 7611: 7604: 7584: 7570: 7556: 7541: 7529: 7504: 7476: 7469: 7446: 7435: 7418: 7393: 7374: 7361: 7342: 7328: 7310: 7280: 7273: 7253: 7244: 7235: 7224:. Observatorul 7222:"Observatorul" 7213: 7177: 7168: 7150: 7124: 7113:on 9 July 2018 7094: 7065: 7050: 7048:. 2000. p. 53. 7033: 7023:A. Zhukovsky, 7016: 6980: 6961: 6954: 6930: 6912: 6879: 6851: 6830: 6811: 6808:on 9 May 2005. 6793: 6782:on 9 June 2012 6767: 6745: 6723: 6695: 6692:. p. 226. 6667: 6645: 6638: 6616: 6609: 6585: 6578: 6562:Djuvara, Neagu 6553: 6542:on 12 May 2021 6520: 6517:. 10 May 2023. 6499: 6480: 6468: 6457:on 13 May 2021 6383: 6376: 6298: 6268: 6243: 6222: 6191: 6165:(3): 325–337. 6145: 6104: 6079: 6066: 6025: 5999: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5990: 5989: 5976: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5901: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5878: 5875: 5874: 5873: 5860: 5853: 5851: 5847:Humora Kloster 5841: 5834: 5832: 5818: 5811: 5809: 5795: 5788: 5786: 5776: 5769: 5767: 5759:Fundu Moldovei 5757: 5750: 5748: 5741: 5734: 5732: 5721: 5714: 5712: 5705: 5698: 5696: 5686: 5679: 5677: 5658: 5651: 5649: 5646:Suceava County 5635: 5628: 5626: 5616: 5609: 5607: 5597:secular forest 5592: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5573: 5571: 5557: 5550: 5548: 5538: 5531: 5529: 5525:Frassin/Fraßin 5519: 5512: 5510: 5502:Gura Humorului 5500: 5493: 5491: 5481: 5474: 5472: 5462: 5455: 5453: 5443: 5436: 5434: 5419: 5412: 5410: 5395: 5388: 5384: 5381: 5378: 5377: 5374: 5371: 5368: 5360: 5359: 5356: 5353: 5350: 5342: 5341: 5338: 5335: 5332: 5324: 5323: 5320: 5317: 5314: 5306: 5305: 5302: 5299: 5296: 5288: 5287: 5284: 5281: 5278: 5270: 5269: 5266: 5263: 5260: 5252: 5251: 5248: 5245: 5242: 5234: 5233: 5230: 5227: 5224: 5216: 5215: 5212: 5209: 5208:Crasna-Ilschi 5206: 5198: 5197: 5194: 5191: 5188: 5180: 5179: 5176: 5173: 5170: 5162: 5161: 5158: 5155: 5152: 5144: 5143: 5140: 5137: 5134: 5126: 5125: 5122: 5119: 5116: 5108: 5107: 5104: 5101: 5098: 5090: 5089: 5086: 5083: 5082:Romanian name 5080: 5076: 5075: 5068: 5065: 5062: 5061: 5058: 5052: 5049: 5041: 5040: 5037: 5031: 5028: 5020: 5019: 5016: 5003: 4993: 4985: 4984: 4981: 4975: 4972: 4964: 4963: 4960: 4954: 4951: 4943: 4942: 4939: 4933: 4930: 4922: 4921: 4918: 4912: 4909: 4901: 4900: 4897: 4891: 4888: 4885:Gura Humorului 4880: 4879: 4876: 4870: 4867: 4859: 4858: 4855: 4842: 4839: 4831: 4830: 4827: 4821: 4818: 4810: 4809: 4806: 4803: 4800: 4799:Romanian name 4796: 4795: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4707:region of the 4672:), as well as 4646:Zipser Germans 4545:The fact that 4480: 4477: 4471: 4470: 4467: 4464: 4461: 4458: 4455: 4452: 4449: 4445: 4444: 4441: 4438: 4435: 4432: 4429: 4426: 4423: 4419: 4418: 4415: 4412: 4409: 4406: 4403: 4400: 4397: 4393: 4392: 4389: 4386: 4383: 4380: 4377: 4374: 4371: 4367: 4366: 4363: 4360: 4357: 4354: 4351: 4348: 4345: 4341: 4340: 4337: 4334: 4331: 4328: 4325: 4322: 4319: 4315: 4314: 4311: 4308: 4305: 4302: 4299: 4296: 4293: 4289: 4288: 4285: 4282: 4281:3,000 – 4,970 4279: 4278:10.6% – 33.2% 4276: 4273: 4270: 4267: 4263: 4262: 4259: 4253: 4250: 4247: 4161:Suceava County 4134:Keith Hitchins 4072: 4069: 4067: 4064: 4048:Suceava County 4039: 4036: 3880: 3879: 3877: 3876: 3869: 3862: 3854: 3851: 3850: 3837: 3836: 3833: 3832: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3815:Rail transport 3812: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3792: 3787: 3781: 3778: 3777: 3774: 3773: 3770: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3758: 3757: 3747: 3745:Crimean crisis 3734: 3729: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3709: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3679: 3674: 3669: 3664: 3659: 3654: 3652:Makhnovshchina 3649: 3644: 3639: 3634: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3613: 3610:Modern history 3608: 3607: 3604: 3603: 3600: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3567:Russian Empire 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3519: 3509: 3503: 3498: 3497: 3494: 3493: 3490: 3489: 3484: 3479: 3474: 3469: 3464: 3459: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3439: 3437:Rus' Khaganate 3434: 3429: 3424: 3418: 3413: 3412: 3409: 3408: 3405: 3404: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3348: 3343: 3342: 3339: 3338: 3330: 3329: 3320: 3319: 3312: 3296: 3293: 3226:Lunca massacre 3203:as of May 1942 3155:Main article: 3152: 3149: 3076: 3073: 2899: 2898: 2893: 2887: 2886: 2882: 2881: 2876: 2860: 2859: 2855: 2854: 2851: 2850: 2847: 2841: 2840: 2837: 2833: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2823: 2822: 2819: 2811: 2810: 2803: 2802: 2785: 2782: 2668:Turkish people 2652:Italian people 2531:Mykola Vasylko 2484: 2481: 2399: 2396: 2283: 2280: 2260:Russian Empire 2161:levée en masse 2124:, part of the 2043:Polish Kingdom 2023: 2020: 1958:Shypyntsi land 1938: 1935: 1860: 1857: 1815: 1812: 1766:Antes (people) 1757: 1754: 1728: 1727: 1725: 1724: 1717: 1710: 1702: 1699: 1698: 1685: 1684: 1681: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1663:Rail transport 1660: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1622: 1621: 1618: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1606: 1605: 1595: 1593:Crimean crisis 1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1512: 1507: 1502: 1500:Makhnovshchina 1497: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1467: 1461: 1458:Modern history 1456: 1455: 1452: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1415:Russian Empire 1412: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1367: 1357: 1351: 1346: 1345: 1342: 1341: 1338: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1285:Rus' Khaganate 1282: 1277: 1272: 1266: 1261: 1260: 1257: 1256: 1253: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1196: 1191: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1178: 1177: 1168: 1167: 1160: 1153: 1152: 1150: 1149: 1142: 1135: 1127: 1124: 1123: 1110: 1109: 1105: 1104: 1099: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1074: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1053: 1052: 1047: 1046: 1043: 1042: 1038: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1007: 1001: 1000: 997: 996: 993: 992: 989: 988: 982: 979: 978: 975: 974: 970: 969: 964: 958: 957: 952: 951: 948: 947: 943: 942: 937: 932: 927: 922: 917: 912: 907: 901: 900: 895: 894: 891: 890: 886: 885: 880: 875: 870: 868:Danube Vilayet 865: 860: 855: 850: 844: 843: 840: 839: 836: 835: 831: 830: 825: 820: 815: 810: 805: 799: 798: 793: 792: 789: 788: 784: 783: 781:Rumelia Eyalet 778: 773: 768: 763: 758: 753: 748: 742: 741: 731: 730: 727: 726: 722: 721: 716: 711: 706: 700: 699: 694: 693: 690: 689: 685: 684: 679: 674: 669: 663: 662: 657: 656: 653: 652: 644: 643: 634: 633: 626: 620: 617: 613:Suceava County 609:Suceava County 607:refers to the 563:das Buchenland 536:tree (compare 456:depicting the 445: 442: 438:Suceava County 285: 284: 274: 264: 263: 253: 247: 246: 244: 243: 237: 233: 231: 225: 224: 219: 215: 214: 211: 207: 206: 204: 203: 196:Suceava County 193: 182: 180: 176: 175: 173: 172: 169: 165: 163: 159: 158: 155: 147: 146: 140: 134: 133: 132: 129: 128: 118: 110: 109: 106: 103: 102: 73: 44: 41: 34: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9300: 9289: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9271: 9269: 9266: 9264: 9261: 9259: 9256: 9255: 9253: 9238: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9228: 9225: 9223: 9220: 9218: 9215: 9213: 9210: 9208: 9205: 9203: 9200: 9198: 9197:Green Ukraine 9195: 9194: 9192: 9190: 9186: 9180: 9177: 9175: 9172: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9150: 9147: 9145: 9142: 9140: 9137: 9135: 9132: 9130: 9129:Izmail Oblast 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9114:Ukrainian SSR 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9088: 9085: 9084: 9083: 9080: 9079: 9077: 9073: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9049: 9040: 9037: 9034: 9031: 9028: 9025: 9022: 9019: 9018: 9017: 9014: 9012: 9009: 9007: 9004: 9002: 8999: 8997: 8994: 8992: 8989: 8987: 8984: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8964: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8952: 8949: 8947: 8944: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8911: 8910: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8888: 8882: 8881:Little Russia 8879: 8877: 8874: 8872: 8869: 8867: 8864: 8862: 8859: 8857: 8854: 8853: 8851: 8848: 8844: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8828: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8813: 8810: 8809: 8807: 8805: 8801: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8775: 8772: 8770: 8767: 8765: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8756: 8754: 8751: 8747: 8741: 8738: 8736: 8733: 8729: 8726: 8725: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8696: 8690: 8687: 8685: 8682: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8655: 8652: 8651: 8649: 8647: 8642: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8601: 8598: 8596: 8593: 8591: 8588: 8586: 8583: 8582: 8580: 8578: 8573: 8568: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8530: 8527: 8525: 8522: 8520: 8519:Hertsa region 8517: 8515: 8512: 8510: 8507: 8505: 8502: 8501: 8500: 8497: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8474: 8473: 8470: 8466: 8463: 8461: 8458: 8456: 8453: 8451: 8448: 8447: 8446: 8443: 8439: 8436: 8434: 8431: 8429: 8426: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8415: 8414: 8410: 8407: 8406: 8404: 8400: 8396: 8389: 8384: 8382: 8377: 8375: 8370: 8369: 8366: 8353: 8350: 8347: 8344: 8341: 8338: 8337: 8333: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8324:November 1919 8321: 8320: 8316: 8314: 8313:November 1919 8310: 8306: 8305: 8301: 8298: 8297: 8293: 8290: 8289: 8285: 8284: 8281: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8266: 8264: 8260: 8256: 8252: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8232: 8230: 8226: 8222: 8218: 8212: 8209: 8206: 8203: 8200: 8197: 8194: 8191: 8188: 8185: 8184: 8182: 8178: 8174: 8170: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8155: 8154: 8152: 8148: 8144: 8140: 8133: 8132: 8130: 8126: 8122: 8118: 8114: 8110: 8098: 8093: 8091: 8086: 8084: 8079: 8078: 8075: 8069: 8066: 8064: 8061: 8057: 8051: 8035: 8031: 8019: 8015: 8011: 8008:(in Romanian) 8006: 8003: 7998: 7995: 7990: 7987: 7983: 7979: 7975: 7971: 7970: 7969: 7968: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7952: 7947: 7942: 7940: 7936: 7922: 7916: 7912: 7911: 7906: 7904: 7903:973-50-1159-X 7900: 7896: 7893: 7890: 7887: 7884: 7881: 7878: 7875: 7872: 7868: 7863: 7859: 7853: 7849: 7848: 7842: 7841: 7830: 7829:966-543-040-8 7826: 7820: 7804: 7800: 7794: 7775: 7768: 7761: 7755: 7754:0-8133-3738-0 7751: 7747: 7743: 7742:Andrew Wilson 7737: 7730: 7726: 7723: 7719:(in Romanian) 7715: 7699: 7693: 7677: 7673: 7669: 7663: 7648: 7644: 7637: 7621: 7615: 7607: 7601: 7597: 7596: 7588: 7582: 7579: 7574: 7568: 7565: 7560: 7554: 7551: 7545: 7539: 7533: 7526: 7525:9781109059632 7522: 7518: 7514: 7508: 7493: 7486: 7480: 7472: 7470:0-8014-8688-2 7466: 7462: 7461: 7453: 7451: 7444: 7439: 7432: 7431: 7425: 7423: 7406: 7405: 7397: 7389: 7386:. Bucharest: 7385: 7378: 7371: 7365: 7357: 7354:. Bucharest: 7353: 7346: 7338: 7332: 7324: 7320: 7314: 7298: 7294: 7290: 7284: 7276: 7270: 7266: 7265: 7257: 7248: 7239: 7223: 7217: 7198: 7194: 7187: 7181: 7172: 7164: 7160: 7154: 7138: 7134: 7128: 7112: 7108: 7104: 7098: 7082: 7078: 7072: 7070: 7054: 7047: 7043: 7037: 7030: 7026: 7020: 7001: 6993: 6987: 6985: 6976: 6972: 6965: 6957: 6951: 6947: 6943: 6942: 6934: 6926: 6922: 6916: 6900: 6896: 6892: 6886: 6884: 6868: 6864: 6858: 6856: 6847: 6843: 6837: 6835: 6826: 6822: 6815: 6807: 6803: 6797: 6781: 6777: 6771: 6755: 6749: 6733: 6727: 6720:(1): 117–143. 6719: 6716:(in German). 6715: 6711: 6704: 6702: 6700: 6691: 6687: 6680: 6678: 6676: 6674: 6672: 6655: 6649: 6641: 6639:0-8020-0830-5 6635: 6631: 6627: 6620: 6612: 6610:9781136498947 6606: 6602: 6598: 6597: 6589: 6581: 6575: 6571: 6567: 6563: 6557: 6541: 6537: 6533: 6527: 6525: 6516: 6512: 6506: 6504: 6496:. p. 16. 6495: 6491: 6484: 6477: 6472: 6456: 6452: 6448: 6442: 6440: 6438: 6436: 6434: 6432: 6430: 6428: 6426: 6424: 6422: 6420: 6418: 6416: 6414: 6412: 6410: 6408: 6406: 6404: 6402: 6400: 6398: 6396: 6394: 6392: 6390: 6388: 6379: 6377:9780810878471 6373: 6369: 6365: 6364: 6359: 6353: 6351: 6349: 6347: 6345: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6337: 6335: 6333: 6331: 6329: 6327: 6325: 6323: 6321: 6319: 6317: 6315: 6313: 6311: 6309: 6307: 6305: 6303: 6286: 6282: 6278: 6272: 6257: 6253: 6247: 6239: 6233: 6225: 6223:973-27-0448-9 6219: 6215: 6211: 6204: 6202: 6200: 6198: 6196: 6180: 6176: 6172: 6168: 6164: 6160: 6156: 6149: 6141: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6123: 6119: 6115: 6108: 6090: 6083: 6077:(2001) p. 341 6076: 6070: 6054: 6050: 6046: 6040: 6038: 6036: 6034: 6032: 6030: 6014: 6010: 6004: 6000: 5985: 5980: 5973: 5968: 5962: 5953: 5949: 5945: 5941: 5937: 5933: 5929: 5924: 5919: 5913: 5909: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5880: 5870: 5867: 5863: 5857: 5852: 5848: 5844: 5838: 5833: 5829: 5825: 5821: 5815: 5810: 5806: 5805:Nowy Sołoniec 5802: 5798: 5792: 5787: 5783: 5779: 5773: 5768: 5764: 5760: 5754: 5749: 5745: 5738: 5733: 5729: 5725: 5718: 5713: 5709: 5702: 5697: 5693: 5689: 5683: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5666: 5662: 5655: 5650: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5632: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5613: 5608: 5605: 5602: 5598: 5595: 5589: 5584: 5577: 5572: 5568: 5564: 5560: 5554: 5549: 5545: 5541: 5535: 5530: 5526: 5522: 5516: 5511: 5507: 5503: 5497: 5492: 5488: 5484: 5478: 5473: 5469: 5465: 5459: 5454: 5450: 5446: 5440: 5435: 5431: 5427: 5423: 5416: 5411: 5407: 5403: 5399: 5392: 5387: 5386: 5375: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5366: 5362: 5361: 5357: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5348: 5344: 5343: 5339: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5330: 5326: 5325: 5321: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5312: 5308: 5307: 5303: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5294: 5290: 5289: 5285: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5276: 5272: 5271: 5267: 5264: 5261: 5259: 5258: 5254: 5253: 5249: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5240: 5236: 5235: 5231: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5222: 5218: 5217: 5213: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5204: 5200: 5199: 5195: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5186: 5182: 5181: 5177: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5168: 5164: 5163: 5159: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5150: 5146: 5145: 5141: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5132: 5128: 5127: 5123: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5114: 5110: 5109: 5105: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5096: 5092: 5091: 5087: 5084: 5081: 5078: 5077: 5072: 5059: 5057: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5047: 5046:Vicovu de Sus 5043: 5042: 5038: 5036: 5033:Ватра Дорни, 5032: 5029: 5027: 5026: 5022: 5021: 5017: 5014: 5008: 5004: 5000: 4994: 4992: 4991: 4987: 4986: 4982: 4980: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4970: 4966: 4965: 4961: 4959: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4949: 4945: 4944: 4940: 4938: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4928: 4924: 4923: 4919: 4917: 4913: 4911:Milleschoutz 4910: 4908: 4907: 4903: 4902: 4898: 4896: 4893:Ґура-Гумора, 4892: 4889: 4887: 4886: 4882: 4881: 4877: 4875: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4865: 4861: 4860: 4856: 4853: 4847: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4837: 4833: 4832: 4828: 4826: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4816: 4812: 4811: 4807: 4804: 4801: 4798: 4797: 4792: 4779: 4777: 4773: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4729: 4725: 4721: 4717: 4712: 4710: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4693: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4655: 4651: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4614:Romani people 4607: 4603: 4598: 4594: 4592: 4588: 4584: 4580: 4576: 4575:Hlyboka Raion 4572: 4567: 4565: 4561: 4556: 4555:self-declared 4552: 4548: 4543: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4504: 4502: 4494: 4490: 4485: 4476: 4468: 4465: 4462: 4459: 4456: 4453: 4450: 4447: 4446: 4442: 4439: 4436: 4433: 4430: 4427: 4424: 4421: 4420: 4416: 4413: 4410: 4407: 4404: 4401: 4398: 4395: 4394: 4390: 4387: 4384: 4381: 4378: 4375: 4372: 4369: 4368: 4364: 4361: 4358: 4355: 4352: 4349: 4346: 4343: 4342: 4338: 4335: 4332: 4329: 4326: 4323: 4320: 4317: 4316: 4312: 4309: 4306: 4303: 4300: 4297: 4294: 4291: 4290: 4286: 4283: 4280: 4277: 4274: 4271: 4268: 4265: 4264: 4260: 4245: 4244: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4231: 4229: 4225: 4220: 4218: 4214: 4208: 4206: 4202: 4197: 4193: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4174: 4169: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4101: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4077: 4063: 4061: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4035: 4033: 4029: 4024: 4022: 4018: 4012: 4008: 4006: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3990: 3986: 3982: 3978: 3977:Lwówek Śląski 3974: 3970: 3966: 3962: 3958: 3952: 3950: 3946: 3943:, Crasna and 3942: 3937: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3918:Ukrainian SSR 3915: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3894: 3886: 3875: 3870: 3868: 3863: 3861: 3856: 3855: 3853: 3852: 3849: 3839: 3838: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3783: 3782: 3776: 3775: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3755: 3751: 3750:War in Donbas 3748: 3746: 3743: 3742: 3741: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3713: 3710: 3708: 3705: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3693: 3690: 3688: 3685: 3683: 3680: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3662:Ukrainian SSR 3660: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3650: 3648: 3645: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3615: 3614: 3611: 3606: 3605: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3572:Little Russia 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3527: 3523: 3520: 3517: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3504: 3501: 3496: 3495: 3488: 3485: 3483: 3480: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3432:White Croatia 3430: 3428: 3425: 3423: 3420: 3419: 3416: 3415:Early history 3411: 3410: 3403: 3402:Hunnic Empire 3400: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3349: 3346: 3341: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3331: 3328: 3322: 3321: 3316: 3311: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3295:After the war 3292: 3290: 3284: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3249: 3246: 3242: 3237: 3233: 3231: 3227: 3221: 3219: 3214: 3210: 3202: 3197: 3193: 3191: 3190:Hertsa region 3187: 3183: 3182:Moldavian SSR 3179: 3178:Ukrainian SSR 3164: 3158: 3148: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3081: 3072: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3041: 3038: 3033: 3031: 3026: 3023: 3018: 3015: 3010: 3007: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2979: 2975: 2972: 2967: 2965: 2964:Iancu Flondor 2961: 2955: 2953: 2949: 2948:Iancu Flondor 2944: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2925: 2923: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2897: 2894: 2892: 2889: 2888: 2883: 2880: 2877: 2874: 2862: 2861: 2856: 2848: 2843: 2842: 2838: 2835: 2834: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2820: 2817: 2816: 2812: 2809: 2804: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2781: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2762: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2739: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2671: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2660:Romani people 2657: 2653: 2649: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2636:Polish people 2633: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2584: 2576: 2572: 2570: 2566: 2560: 2558: 2552: 2547: 2541: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2505: 2500: 2493: 2489: 2480: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2460: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2433: 2426: 2422: 2414: 2409: 2405: 2395: 2393: 2392:Cisleithanian 2389: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2372: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2361: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2343: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2325: 2321: 2316: 2308: 2303: 2299: 2293: 2289: 2279: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2249: 2245: 2240: 2236: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2220: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2207: 2203: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2179: 2173: 2171: 2166: 2163: 2162: 2157: 2152: 2150: 2144: 2140: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2082: 2078: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2059:Cosmin Forest 2056: 2053:, and of the 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2019: 2017: 2016:Moldova River 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1976: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1961: 1959: 1954: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1934: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1911:Rurik dynasty 1908: 1904: 1900: 1892: 1887: 1881: 1877: 1870: 1865: 1856: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1811: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1753: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1723: 1718: 1716: 1711: 1709: 1704: 1703: 1701: 1700: 1697: 1687: 1686: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1630: 1624: 1623: 1616: 1613: 1611: 1608: 1603: 1599: 1598:War in Donbas 1596: 1594: 1591: 1590: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1510:Ukrainian SSR 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1462: 1459: 1454: 1453: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1420:Little Russia 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1352: 1349: 1344: 1343: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1281: 1280:White Croatia 1278: 1276: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1264: 1263:Early history 1259: 1258: 1251: 1250:Hunnic Empire 1248: 1246: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1218: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1201: 1198: 1197: 1194: 1189: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1179: 1176: 1170: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1158: 1148: 1143: 1141: 1136: 1134: 1129: 1128: 1126: 1125: 1122: 1112: 1111: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1070: 1068: 1065: 1063: 1060: 1058: 1055: 1054: 1050: 1045: 1044: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1011: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1002: 995: 994: 987: 984: 983: 977: 976: 968: 965: 963: 960: 959: 955: 950: 949: 941: 938: 936: 933: 931: 928: 926: 923: 921: 918: 916: 913: 911: 908: 906: 903: 902: 898: 893: 892: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 869: 866: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 849: 846: 845: 838: 837: 829: 826: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 800: 796: 791: 790: 782: 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 762: 759: 757: 754: 752: 749: 747: 744: 743: 738: 734: 729: 728: 720: 717: 715: 712: 710: 707: 705: 702: 701: 697: 692: 691: 683: 680: 678: 675: 673: 670: 668: 665: 664: 660: 655: 654: 650: 646: 645: 642: 636: 635: 630: 625: 624: 616: 614: 610: 606: 602: 598: 594: 593: 588: 577: 575: 570: 564: 558: 554: 549: 539: 535: 530: 525: 520: 515: 510: 504: 502: 499:in 1804, and 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 477: 475: 471: 470:Roman I Mușat 463: 460:, as part of 459: 455: 450: 441: 439: 435: 430: 426: 422: 418: 413: 411: 407: 403: 399: 394: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 375:Cosmin Forest 372: 368: 367:Moldova River 362: 360: 356: 352: 348: 344: 341: 336: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 305: 303: 299: 295: 291: 282: 278: 275: 271: 265: 261: 257: 254: 252: 248: 241:(in Romanian) 238: 235: 234: 232: 230: 226: 223: 220: 216: 212: 208: 201: 197: 194: 191: 187: 184: 183: 181: 177: 170: 167: 166: 164: 160: 153: 148: 138: 130: 125: 122:, connecting 121: 116: 111: 104: 98: 91: 84: 77: 69: 55: 48: 39: 33: 29: 22: 9217:Lemko Region 9202:Grey Ukraine 8951:Slavo-Serbia 8723:Red Ruthenia 8708:Golden Horde 8554:Prykarpattia 8533: 8465:Zaporizhzhia 8335: 8318: 8309:Danube Delta 8303: 8295: 8287: 8245:Székely Land 8221:Transylvania 8198: 8038:. 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Retrieved 6012: 6003: 5983: 5979: 5912: 5866:narrow-gauge 5797:Solonețu Nou 5566: 5561:(German and 5483:Vatra Dornei 5429: 5424:(German and 5405: 5400:(German and 5396:The town of 5363: 5345: 5327: 5309: 5301:Storozynetz 5293:Storozhynets 5291: 5273: 5257:Nepolokivtsi 5255: 5237: 5219: 5201: 5183: 5165: 5147: 5129: 5111: 5093: 5085:German name 5055: 5044: 5034: 5030:Dorna-Watra 5025:Vatra Dornei 5023: 5012: 5006: 5001:: Sedschopff 4988: 4978: 4967: 4957: 4946: 4936: 4925: 4915: 4904: 4894: 4890:Gura Humora 4883: 4873: 4862: 4851: 4845: 4834: 4824: 4813: 4802:German name 4768:Storozhynets 4743: 4727: 4723: 4713: 4709:Danube Delta 4694: 4611: 4571:Hertsa Raion 4568: 4544: 4505: 4498: 4474: 4284:4.0% – 7.2% 4239: 4232: 4221: 4209: 4199:In 1843 the 4198: 4194: 4190: 4102: 4082: 4041: 4028:Bukovina Day 4025: 4013: 4009: 3997:Zielona Góra 3973:Lubań Śląski 3953: 3949:Storozhynets 3938: 3912:by the 1947 3900:In 1944 the 3899: 3820:Shipbuilding 3800:Christianity 3667:Soviet Union 3591: 3472:Golden Horde 3285: 3250: 3238: 3234: 3222: 3206: 3160: 3145:Vatra Dornei 3109:Nazi Germany 3086: 3042: 3034: 3030:Soviet Union 3027: 3019: 3011: 3008: 2998: 2994: 2993:, where the 2984: 2968: 2960:Aurel Onciul 2956: 2945: 2926: 2902: 2858:Belligerents 2806:Part of the 2774:Transylvania 2763: 2740: 2735: 2715:Transylvania 2714: 2681:, the local 2672: 2593: 2561: 2556: 2508: 2475:, while the 2461: 2438: 2375: 2373: 2368: 2364: 2358: 2344: 2339: 2329: 2253: 2242:Monument in 2232: 2221: 2205: 2191:Ivan Pidkova 2190: 2183:Ivan Pidkova 2176: 2174: 2168:In May 1600 2167: 2159: 2153: 2134:John the New 2087: 2025: 1977: 1973:Transylvania 1962: 1955: 1940: 1896: 1817: 1781: 1731: 1668:Shipbuilding 1648:Christianity 1515:Soviet Union 1439: 1320:Golden Horde 1097:Transylvania 1066: 1025:Christianity 940:World War II 818:Varat Eyalet 604: 600: 590: 586: 578: 574:the Bukovina 573: 569:Țara Fagilor 509:die Bukowina 505: 480: 478: 467: 462:Cisleithania 429:Nazi Germany 421:Soviet Union 414: 395: 363: 347:Golden Horde 337: 306: 289: 288: 141:Coat of arms 120:Prislop Pass 32: 8822:Kefe Eyalet 8794:Wild Fields 8646:Kyivan Rus' 8492:Novorossiya 7704:28 February 7293:Agerpres.ro 6628:. Toronto: 6124:: 196–217. 6018:10 December 5970:; see also 5869:steam train 5828:Andrásfalva 5506:Gura Humora 5487:Dorna-Watra 5298:Storojineț 5203:Krasnoyilsk 5157:Czernowitz 5088:Population 5051:Ober Wikow 5035:Vatra Dorny 4916:Mylyshivtsi 4914:Милишівці, 4895:Gura-Humora 4852:Dovhopillya 4844:Кимпулунґ, 4808:Population 4742:(Romanian: 4532:Belarusians 4252:Ukrainians 4226:and 38.07% 3965:Dzierżoniów 3961:Bolesławiec 3906:Axis forces 3447:Kievan Rus' 3324:History of 3257:Axis forces 2905:World War I 2896:Ferdinand I 2844:Territorial 2586:Czernowitz 2549: [ 2538: [ 2469:World War I 2365:Statthalter 2209:Vasile Lupu 2156:Petro Mukha 2137: [ 1903:East Slavic 1899:Prince Oleg 1734:Kievan Rus' 1295:Kievan Rus' 1172:History of 905:World War I 823:Phanariotes 733:Middle Ages 714:Roman Dacia 709:Dacian Wars 638:History of 474:Siret river 343:Middle Ages 325:Kievan Rus' 239:Bucovinean 9252:Categories 9232:Sian River 9029:Sevastopol 8946:New Serbia 8684:Pereyaslav 8674:Terebovlia 8504:Chełm Land 8339:since 1919 8299:since 1862 8291:since 1920 8187:Bessarabia 7963:Wikisource 7186:"Bukovina" 7117:20 January 6921:"Bukovyna" 6872:20 January 6688:. Oxford: 6447:"Bukovyna" 6291:20 January 6261:20 January 6252:"Bukovyna" 6049:Britannica 6045:"Bukovina" 5995:References 5923:Buchenland 5763:Luisenthal 5673:Czernowitz 5671:, German: 5661:Chernivtsi 5347:Vyzhnytsia 5311:Vashkivtsi 5149:Chernivtsi 5139:Czernowka 5103:Berhometh 4841:Kimpolung 4820:Keschwana 4776:Krasnoilsk 4760:Chernivtsi 4642:Păltinoasa 4587:Ukrainians 4583:Chernivtsi 4512:Ukrainians 4249:Romanians 4228:Ukrainians 4185:Czernowitz 4183:, German: 4181:Czerniowce 4157:Hadikfalva 4149:Kriegsdorf 4118:Ruthenians 4114:Ion Nistor 4066:Population 3941:Chernivtsi 3930:Ukrainians 3904:drove the 3830:Television 3825:Technology 3732:Euromaidan 3577:New Russia 3557:Right bank 3345:Prehistory 3277:Bassarabia 3129:Storojineț 3117:Bassarabia 3113:Bassarabia 3093:Bessarabia 3061:Iron Guard 2751:Czernowitz 2743:Czernowitz 2711:federation 2703:slavicized 2687:Czernowitz 2624:Ruthenians 2604:Ruthenians 2600:Ukrainians 2515:Chernivtsi 2473:Ukrainians 2296:See also: 2110:Dragomirna 2063:Chernivtsi 2047:Ruthenians 1897:United by 1871:in magenta 1859:Kievan Rus 1792:Trypillian 1788:Ruthenians 1756:Background 1678:Television 1673:Technology 1580:Euromaidan 1425:New Russia 1405:Right bank 1193:Prehistory 967:Revolution 659:Prehistory 532:, meaning 379:Chernivtsi 321:Moldavians 313:Ruthenians 309:Ukrainians 236:Bukovinian 218:Founded by 9054:provinces 9026:Nikolayev 8654:Chernigov 8524:Lodomeria 8514:Halychyna 8455:Pryazovia 8255:Wallachia 8240:Maramureș 6570:Humanitas 6232:cite book 6184:6 October 6179:142797383 6140:149895103 6097:6 October 5961:romanized 5952:Ukrainian 5928:Hungarian 5845:(German: 5824:Hungarian 5807:) village 5780:(German: 5761:(German: 5636:Medieval 5594:Slătioara 5542:(German: 5523:(German: 5504:(German: 5485:(German: 5468:Kimpolung 5466:(German: 5447:(German: 5373:Zastawna 5370:Zastavna 5316:Vășcăuți 5247:Mihalcze 5244:Mihalcea 5239:Mikhalcha 5172:Adâncata 5154:Cernăuți 5136:Cernăuca 5131:Chornivka 5095:Berehomet 4935:Радівці, 4906:Milișăuți 4846:Kympulung 4823:Кажване, 4756:Negostina 4740:Balkivtsi 4720:Moldovița 4650:Cârlibaba 4606:Kimpolung 4604:(German: 4564:Moldovans 4560:Romanians 4551:Moldovans 4547:Romanians 4536:Ukrainian 4489:Moldovans 4448:1930 (c) 4422:1910 (c) 4396:1900 (c) 4370:1890 (c) 4344:1880 (c) 4318:1851 (c) 4292:1848 (e) 4266:1774 (e) 4224:Romanians 4153:Hungarian 4147:(German: 4106:Armenians 4038:Geography 3934:Romanians 3740:(outline) 3707:Chernobyl 3677:Holodomor 3547:Left bank 3427:Onoghuria 3218:Romanians 3161:In 1940, 3053:Bucharest 3047:, one of 3037:Romanians 2679:Joseph II 2628:Romanians 2596:Romanians 2384:Moldavian 2272:Phanariot 2225:Wallachia 2090:Moldovița 1984:Black Sea 1980:Moldavian 1969:Maramureș 1915:Varangian 1588:(outline) 1555:Chernobyl 1525:Holodomor 1395:Left bank 1275:Onoghuria 1102:Wallachia 1077:Maramureș 696:Antiquity 553:Hungarian 545:; German 538:Ukrainian 503:in 1867. 487:from the 479:The name 329:Pechenegs 317:Romanians 251:Time zone 124:Maramureș 68:Ukrainian 9283:Moldavia 9258:Bukovina 9227:Priashiv 9041:Taganrog 9032:Feodosia 8689:Volhynia 8635:Ruthenia 8610:Khazaria 8590:Sarmatia 8585:Cimmeria 8575:and the 8559:Volhynia 8549:Pokuttia 8428:Polissia 8269:Muntenia 8199:Bukovina 8173:Moldavia 8050:cite web 8040:17 April 7951:Bukovina 7939:Bukovina 7725:Archived 7626:26 March 7527:. p. 102 7517:ProQuest 7228:26 March 7206:4 August 7197:Archived 7143:26 March 7087:17 April 6899:Archived 6786:26 March 6760:26 March 6738:26 March 6660:26 March 6564:(2014). 5987:Romania. 5967:Bukovyna 5956:Буковина 5948:Bucovina 5944:Romanian 5940:Bukowina 5932:Bukovina 5918:Bukowina 5916:German: 5877:See also 5862:Mocănița 5782:Jakobeny 5778:Iacobeni 5746:in Putna 5669:Cernăuți 5665:Romanian 5365:Zastavna 5355:Wiznitz 5352:Vijnița 5193:Kotzman 5190:Cozmeni 5175:Hliboka 5160:266,366 5018:124,161 5005:Сучава, 4977:Солька, 4937:Radivtsi 4932:Radautz 4872:Фрасин, 4869:Frassin 4825:Kazhvane 4744:Bălcăuți 4732:Șerbăuți 4654:Iacobeni 4634:Mușenița 4618:Lipovans 4540:Romanian 4524:Russians 4520:Moldovan 4469:853,009 4463:224,751 4457:248,567 4451:379,691 4443:794,929 4437:216,574 4431:305,101 4425:273,254 4417:730,195 4411:203,379 4405:297,798 4399:229,018 4391:642,495 4385:165,827 4379:268,367 4373:208,301 4365:568,723 4359:138,758 4353:239,960 4347:190,005 4339:380,826 4327:144,982 4321:184,718 4313:377,581 4301:108,907 4295:209,293 4173:Cernăuți 4145:Dornești 3981:Nowa Sól 3926:province 3902:Red Army 3754:timeline 3592:Bukovina 3537:The Ruin 3507:Cossacks 3387:Sarmatia 3367:Cimmeria 3315:a series 3313:Part of 3125:Cernăuți 3057:Chișinău 2935:and the 2826:Location 2755:Dalmatia 2732:Dalmatia 2699:Romanian 2648:Slovenes 2630:34.38%, 2626:38.88%, 2608:Székelys 2557:Bukovyna 2355:Kronland 2276:Moldavia 2268:Moldavia 2229:Dniester 2206:hospodar 2178:Cossacks 2118:frescoes 2094:Sucevița 2039:Pokuttya 2027:Petru II 2008:Romanian 2004:Moldavia 1891:Moldavia 1845:Tivertsi 1836:Scythian 1832:Thracian 1770:Moldavia 1742:Moldavia 1602:timeline 1440:Bukovina 1385:The Ruin 1355:Cossacks 1235:Sarmatia 1215:Cimmeria 1163:a series 1161:Part of 1087:Muntenia 1082:Moldavia 1067:Bukovina 998:By topic 629:a series 627:Part of 587:Bukovyna 582:Буковина 526:form of 519:Bukowina 481:Bukovina 464:in 1914. 355:Moldavia 290:Bukovina 229:Demonyms 210:Bukovina 90:Bukowina 61:Буковина 54:Romanian 47:Bucovina 42:Bukovina 8893:regions 8849:regions 8847:Cossack 8837:Yedisan 8752:regions 8701:regions 8620:Kazarig 8615:Onoğurs 8605:Scythia 8600:Taurica 8544:Podolia 8482:Yedisan 8438:Kryvbas 8433:Siveria 8336:De jure 8319:De jure 8304:De jure 8296:De jure 8288:De jure 8274:Oltenia 8262:(1859–) 8235:Crișana 8228:(1918–) 8180:(1859–) 8150:(1878–) 8143:Dobruja 8128:(1918–) 8113:Romania 7809:1 March 7682:30 June 7652:1 March 7497:1 March 7303:1 March 7107:Ziua.ro 7009:1 March 6905:28 June 6546:22 June 6494:Penguin 6461:22 June 6059:22 June 5963:: 5820:Măneuți 5728:Kaczyka 5449:Radautz 5445:Rădăuți 5430:Suczawa 5422:Suceava 5406:Suczawa 5398:Suceava 5383:Gallery 5337:Woloka 5304:14,197 5280:Putila 5226:Lujeni 5221:Luzhany 5214:10,163 5211:Krasna 5185:Kitsman 5167:Hlyboka 5060:16,874 5039:13,659 5013:Sochava 5007:Suchava 4990:Suceava 4956:Сирет, 4953:Sereth 4941:22,145 4927:Rădăuți 4899:12,729 4857:16,105 4815:Cajvana 4764:Hlyboka 4705:Dobruja 4686:Rădăuți 4682:Suceava 4674:Slovaks 4666:Rădăuți 4662:Suceava 4333:51,126 4307:59,381 4255:Others 4215:(later 4130:Podolia 4126:Galicia 4122:Hutsuls 3993:Wrocław 3989:Prudnik 3957:Silesia 3805:Judaism 3795:Banking 3462:Cumania 3442:Khazars 3377:Scythia 3372:Taurica 3326:Ukraine 3255:by the 3213:Siberia 3170:⁄ 3137:Dorohoi 3133:Rădăuți 2917:Russian 2879:Romania 2846:changes 2778:Galicia 2728:Galicia 2650:0.02%, 2646:0.08%, 2644:Slovaks 2642:1.31%, 2638:4.55%, 2632:Germans 2616:Germans 2494:, 1893. 2477:Hutsuls 2465:Hutzuls 2453:history 2382:). The 2376:Landtag 2363:(not a 2130:Suceava 2106:Voroneț 2035:Suceava 2012:Moldova 2000:Suceava 1917:prince 1824:Dacians 1653:Judaism 1643:Banking 1310:Cumania 1290:Khazars 1225:Scythia 1220:Taurica 1174:Ukraine 1092:Oltenia 1072:Dobruja 1062:Crișana 1035:Judaism 640:Romania 619:History 452:Map of 419:by the 417:annexed 400:of the 302:Ukraine 298:Romania 200:Romania 190:Ukraine 171:Ukraine 168:Romania 162:Country 9023:Izmail 9020:Odessa 8659:Halych 8487:Crimea 8477:Budjak 8450:Donbas 8205:Hertsa 8193:Budjak 7917: 7901: 7854: 7827: 7752: 7602: 7548:First 7523: 7467: 7411:5 June 7271: 6952: 6636: 6607: 6576: 6374: 6220: 6177: 6138: 5936:Polish 5801:Polish 5724:Polish 5692:UNESCO 5622:UNESCO 5601:UNESCO 5563:Polish 5544:Sereth 5521:Frasin 5426:Polish 5402:Polish 5376:7,898 5358:4,068 5340:3,035 5329:Voloka 5322:5,415 5286:3,435 5275:Putyla 5268:2,449 5250:2,245 5232:4,744 5196:6,287 5178:9,474 5142:2,340 5124:4,425 5121:Bojan 5118:Boian 5113:Boyany 5106:7,717 4983:2,188 4979:Sol'ka 4974:Solka 4962:7,721 4920:4,958 4878:5,702 4874:Frasyn 4864:Frasin 4829:6,812 4772:Boiany 4716:Breaza 4668:, and 4656:) and 4640:, and 4626:Cacica 4510:, the 4466:26.4% 4460:29.1% 4454:44.5% 4440:27.2% 4434:38.4% 4428:34.1% 4414:27.8% 4408:40.8% 4402:31.4% 4388:25.8% 4382:41.8% 4376:32.4% 4362:24.4% 4356:42.2% 4350:33.4% 4336:13.4% 4330:38.1% 4324:48.5% 4310:15.8% 4304:28.8% 4298:55.4% 4261:Total 4177:Polish 3562:Danube 3317:on the 3275:, and 3273:Hertsa 3259:, the 3097:Hertsa 2915:, and 2913:German 2870: 2836:Result 2656:Croats 2612:Slovak 2427:, 1882 2199:Hetman 2114:Arbore 2055:Rusyns 1853:Cowari 1808:Halych 1796:Vlachs 1784:Vlachs 1776:, and 1410:Danube 1165:on the 631:on the 597:oblast 557:bükkfa 524:Slavic 514:Polish 408:, and 404:, the 315:) and 97:Polish 93: 83:German 79: 64: 50: 9212:Kuban 9207:Kholm 9038:Yalta 8679:Turov 8595:Dacia 8134:Banat 8121:Banat 7783:2 May 7777:(PDF) 7770:(PDF) 7488:(JPG) 7323:EA.md 7200:(PDF) 7189:(PDF) 7063:2018. 7003:(PDF) 6996:(PDF) 6973:[ 6944:[ 6212:[ 6175:S2CID 6136:S2CID 6092:(PDF) 5904:Notes 5642:Putna 5567:Solka 5559:Solca 5540:Siret 4969:Solca 4958:Syret 4948:Siret 4736:Siret 4690:Siret 4638:Moara 4622:Poles 4528:Poles 4246:Year 4085:Antes 4001:Żagań 3985:Oława 3969:Gubin 2759:Kotor 2664:Serbs 2620:Poles 2553:] 2542:] 2145:] 2102:Humor 2098:Putna 2067:Siret 2031:Siret 1996:Siret 1919:Rurik 1841:Antes 1828:Getae 1750:duchy 1057:Banat 1030:Islam 878:ASTRA 737:Early 704:Dacia 548:Buche 534:beech 516:form 383:Siret 340:early 277:UTC+3 256:UTC+2 8669:Kyiv 8056:link 8042:2006 8026:2005 7915:ISBN 7899:ISBN 7852:ISBN 7825:ISBN 7811:2022 7785:2007 7750:ISBN 7706:2022 7684:2021 7654:2022 7628:2013 7600:ISBN 7521:ISBN 7499:2022 7465:ISBN 7413:2014 7305:2022 7269:ISBN 7230:2013 7208:2016 7145:2013 7119:2017 7089:2006 7011:2022 6950:ISBN 6907:2021 6874:2017 6788:2013 6762:2013 6740:2013 6662:2013 6634:ISBN 6605:ISBN 6574:ISBN 6548:2021 6463:2021 6372:ISBN 6293:2017 6263:2017 6238:link 6218:ISBN 6186:2021 6099:2021 6061:2021 6020:2018 4774:and 4766:and 4754:and 4752:Ulma 4734:and 4718:and 4688:and 4678:Jews 4676:and 4660:(in 4652:and 4648:(in 4624:(in 4562:and 4553:, a 4549:and 4128:and 4120:and 4110:Roma 4005:Żary 3910:USSR 3526:Sich 3303:and 3243:was 3209:NKVD 3135:and 3127:and 3055:and 2818:Date 2792:and 2757:and 2666:and 2590:1905 2463:and 2406:and 2380:diet 2330:The 2300:and 2290:and 2244:Iași 2215:and 2065:and 2051:Rus' 1998:and 1992:Baia 1988:Iași 1978:The 1971:and 1947:Kiev 1905:and 1851:and 1847:and 1786:and 1374:Sich 444:Name 381:and 327:and 300:and 281:EEST 213:1774 8111:in 6167:doi 6126:doi 5920:or 5640:in 4746:), 4692:). 4644:), 4159:), 3920:as 2903:In 2677:of 2457:art 2266:of 2189:'s 2033:to 542:бук 529:buk 361:). 270:DST 260:EET 9254:: 8907:/ 8411:/ 8052:}} 8048:{{ 7976:. 7670:. 7645:. 7519:. 7515:. 7490:. 7449:^ 7421:^ 7321:. 7195:. 7191:. 7161:. 7068:^ 7044:. 7027:, 6983:^ 6923:. 6897:. 6893:. 6882:^ 6865:. 6854:^ 6833:^ 6823:. 6698:^ 6670:^ 6603:. 6599:. 6572:. 6568:. 6534:. 6523:^ 6513:. 6502:^ 6492:. 6449:. 6386:^ 6366:. 6301:^ 6279:. 6254:. 6234:}} 6230:{{ 6194:^ 6173:. 6161:. 6157:. 6134:. 6122:33 6120:. 6116:. 6047:. 6028:^ 6011:. 5958:, 5954:: 5950:; 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