Taxi - Knowledge

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decrease the medallion value and thus the incentive for the medallion owner to provide quality service or comply with city regulations. They also argue that the medallion may be preferable to alternate systems of regulation (such as fines, required bonds with seizures of interest payments on those bonds for violations, or licensing of all would-be taxis with revocation of that license for violations) because fines are difficult to collect, license revocation may not be a sufficient deterrent for profitable violations such as price cheating, and because using penalties on bond interest payments give regulators an incentive to impose penalties to collect revenue (rather than for legitimate violations). Medallions do not earn interest and thus inappropriate seizures of interest by regulators is not possible.

1360: 1114: 875:. Wheelchair-using passengers are loaded, with the help of the driver, via a lift or, more commonly, a ramp, at the rear of the vehicle. This feature is however a subject for concern amongst Licensing Authorities who feel that the wheelchair passenger could not easily exit the vehicle in the event of accident damage to the rear door. The latest generation of accessible taxis features side loading with emergency egress possible from either of the 2 side doors as well as the rear. The wheelchair is secured using various systems, commonly including some type of belt and clip combination, or wheel locks. Some wheelchair taxicabs are capable of transporting only one wheelchair-using passenger at a time, and can usually accommodate 4 to 6 additional non-disabled passengers. 622:

were lit; the drivers were instructed to follow the lights of the taxi ahead. The Germans were surprised and were pushed back by the French and British armies. Most of the taxis were demobilized on 8 September but some remained longer to carry the wounded and refugees. The taxis, following city regulations, dutifully ran their meters. The French treasury reimbursed the total fare of 70,012 francs. The military impact of the soldiers moved by taxi was small in the huge scale of the Battle of the Marne, but the effect on French morale was enormous; it became the symbol of the solidarity between the French army and citizens. It was also the first recorded large-scale use of motorized infantry in battle.

1859:, taxi deregulation resulted in modest decreases in taxi fares (primarily among long-distance trips); however, Japanese taxi fares are still very high (still the highest in the world). Also, taxi driver incomes decreased, and the earnings of taxi companies also decreased substantially. Deregulation failed to increase taxicab ridership enough to compensate taxi companies for those losses. The burden of deregulation fell disproportionately on taxi drivers because taxi companies increased the number of taxis rented to drivers (to make more money from rental fees), which resulted in stiff competition among drivers, decreasing their earnings. Transportation professor Seiji Abe of 979: 1069: 1032: 1824:

every category studied – for all customer-paid trips in municipalities of all 3 sizes (small, medium, and large) and increased for municipality-paid trips in small and large municipalities; fares only decreased for municipality-paid trips in medium-sized municipalities that were calculated per kilometer. Deregulation also resulted in decreased taxicab productivity and decreased taxi-company revenues. This study concluded that deregulation resulted in increased fares especially in rural areas and the authors argued that the increased fares were due to low taxi company revenues after deregulation.

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small operators (usually one-cab operators); little turnover occurred among medium and large new firms and no exit by a large incumbent firm occurred since deregulation. Productivity decreased by at least one-third in all four cities for which sufficient data was obtainable; the authors argued that decreases of this magnitude in productivity have serious economic consequences for taxi drivers, by shifting the industry from employee drivers to lease drivers and causing the average taxi driver to earn a lower income. Innovation in service did

1058: 1371: 339: 7196: 4662: 1665: 1899:, taxi deregulation decreased waiting times so much that the liberalization became very popular among the public. The number of companies was increased and the quality of cars and drives did not fall. Some have argued that the regulation should be completely abolished, not just cut down. Minister Alan Kelly held a review of Ireland's taxi industry after Ireland's national broadcaster RTÉ broadcast an investigation into the taxi industry 10 years after de-regulation. 1716: 4744: 501: 789: 1820:

reinstating a restriction on taxicab licenses and fare controls. In St. Louis, deregulation produced a 35% rise in taxi fares, and taxicab drivers complained of waiting hours at airports for customers at taxicab stands. Taxicab companies claimed they increased fares in order to make up for lost competition resulting from the increased supply of taxis. As a result, the St. Louis City Council froze new taxicab licenses in 2002.

911: 1259: 1870:, taxi deregulation in 2000 failed to reach policy objectives of strengthening the role of the taxi in the overall Dutch transport system. Instead, the deregulation resulted in unanticipated fare increases (not decreases) in large cities, and bad driver behavior became a serious problem. Local authorities had lost their say in the market due to the deregulation, and thus were unable to correct these problems. 4528: 892: 1611: 1881:, taxis were deregulated in 1987, resulting in fierce competition among new drivers, who then organized into rival cartels in the absence of government regulation, and which used violence and gangland tactics to protect and expand their territories. These "taxi wars" have resulted in between 120 and 330 deaths annually since deregulation. These taxi cartels have engaged in anticompetitive 1080: 926:. However, starting in March 2006, newer modern taxicabs entered the service operated by various private companies. Taxicabs differ in other ways as well: London's black cabs have a large compartment beside the driver for storing bags, while many fleets of regular taxis also include wheelchair accessible taxicabs among their numbers (see above). Although taxicabs have traditionally been 63: 1437:, by providing incentives of US$ 2,000 per new alternative fuel vehicle on a first-come, first-served basis. Out of a total of 1,378 eligible vehicles (wheelchair-accessible taxi-vans are excluded) 788 are alternative fuel vehicles, representing 57% of the San Francisco's taxicab fleet by March 2010. Gasoline-electric hybrids accounted for 657 green taxis and 49: 1753:. For example, they may require that any distance tariffs are set for the first 1/5 miles and then for every subsequent 1/3 miles, to make it easier to compare the prices of different taxis. They should not prohibit other pricing than distance pricing. Deregulation advocates claim that regulators only have a very limited information on the market. 2168: 1738:

the car-less poor and disabled people. Taxi owners form a strong lobby network that marginalizes drivers and taxi users. It also pays local government officials to uphold taxi regulation. The regulators usually do not wish to rise against the taxi-owner lobby. The politicians do not want taxi drivers to have a negative opinion of them.

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Existing taxi companies may try to limit competition by potential new entrants. For example, in New York City the monopoly advantage for taxi license holders was $ 590 million in the early 1980s. The city has 1,400 fewer licenses than in 1937. Proponents of deregulation argue that the main losers are

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One study, published in the journal Atmospheric Environment in January 2006, showed that the level of pollution that Londoners are exposed to differs according to the mode of transport that they use. When in the back seat of a taxicab people were exposed the most, while walking exposing people to the

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engines and relatively low levels of equipment, and are not considered luxury cars. This has changed though in countries such as Denmark, where tax regulation makes it profitable to sell the vehicles after a few years of service, which requires the cars to be well equipped and kept in good condition.

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A study of the deregulation of taxis in Sweden in 1991 showed that the taxicab supply increased, but average fares also increased in almost all cases. Specifically, average fares per hour increased for all trips. Average fares also increased for fares calculated by distance (per kilometer) in almost

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Taxi deregulation proponents claims that immigrants and other poor minorities suffer most from taxi regulation, because the work requires relatively little education. Regulation makes entrance to the taxi business particularly difficult for them. People who are elderly, disabled, housewives and poor

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on 21 November 1974, which killed 21 people and injured 182, presented emergency services with unprecedented peacetime demands. According to eyewitness accounts, the fire officer in charge, knowing the 40 ambulances he requested were unlikely to be available, requested the Taxi Owners Association to

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report argues that deregulation fails to cause price decreases because taxi passengers typically do not price comparison shop when searching for taxicabs, and that fares usually increased with deregulation because the higher supply of taxis caused drivers' earning potential to decrease. This report

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Wheelchair taxicabs are part of the regular fleet in most cases, and so are not reserved exclusively for the use of wheelchair users. They are often used by non-disabled people who need to transport luggage, small items of furniture, animals, and other items. Because of this, and since only a small

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According to the report, the experience on free entry and price competition are mainly positive: prices have fallen, waiting times were shortened, the market shares of the biggest companies have fallen, and city councils have saved time from licensing and fare setting. However, the airports should

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In the taxi regulation report by U.S. FTC it was concluded that there are not grounds for limiting the number of taxi companies and cars. These limitations cause a disproportionate burden on low income people. It is better to increase the pay for unprofitable areas than to force the taxis to serve

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Often officials have also prohibited pricing that would have made short rides in sparsely populated areas profitable. Thus drivers have refused to take such customers. Therefore, partial deregulation is not always enough to enhance the situation. One study claims that deregulation was applied to a

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Proponents of deregulation argue that partial deregulation is the cause of many cases of deregulation failing to achieve desirable results in United States cities. Many U.S. cities retained regulations on prices and services while allowing for free entrance to taxi business. Deregulation advocates

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in central Paris to carry soldiers to the front at Nanteuil-le Haudouin, fifty kilometers away. Within twenty-four hours about six thousand soldiers and officers were moved to the front. Each taxi carried five soldiers, four in the back and one next to the driver. Only the back lights of the taxis

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to legalise horse-drawn carriages for hire. Coaches were hired out by innkeepers to merchants and visitors. A further "Ordinance for the Regulation of Hackney-Coachmen in London and the places adjacent" was approved by Parliament in 1654 and the first hackney-carriage licences were issued in 1662.

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occur in the deregulated cities because such innovations (especially shared-ride service) were doubted by taxi operators to be justified by demand and because the operators viewed that they would cause a net decrease in revenue. Discounts were offered in certain deregulated cities; however, these

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A study of taxi deregulation in nine United States cities found that the number of taxi firms increased, but large incumbent firms continued to dominate all but one of the nine cities. The taxi prices did not fall in real terms, but increased in every city studied. Turnover was concentrated among

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However, there appears to be a consensus that taxi deregulation has been less impressive than advocates had hoped. Possible reasons include overestimation of what deregulation could deliver and insufficiently thorough deregulation Some also emphasize that the strong cab-driver subculture, itself,

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Passengers also commonly call a central dispatch office for taxis. In some jurisdictions, private hire vehicles can only be hired from the dispatch office, and must be assigned each fare by the office by radio or phone. Picking up passengers off the street in these areas can lead to suspension or

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in 1907. The New York taxicabs were initially imported from France by Harry N. Allen, owner of the Allen-Kingston Motor Car Company. Their manufacturing took place at Bristol Engineering in Bristol, Connecticut where the first domestically produced Taxicabs were built in 1908, designed by Fred E.

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Black market taxis often have problems with safety, poor customer service, and fares. This situation is made worse because customer who patronize such taxis cannot complain to the police or media. However, proponent of taxi deregulation argue that when these illegal taxis become legalized, their

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This report argues that deregulation has led to undesirable results in several American cities. Seattle deregulated taxis in 1980, resulting in a high supply of taxicabs, variable rates, price gouging, short-haul refusals, poor treatment of passengers. As a result, Seattle re-regulated in 1984,

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In the United States, there is a Taxicab Radio Service with pairs assigned for this purpose. A taxi company can also be licensed in the Business Radio Service. Business frequencies in the UHF range are also licensed in pairs to allow for repeaters, though taxi companies usually use the pair for

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Recently, with growing concern for the environment, there have been solar powered taxicabs. On 20 April 2008, a "solar taxi tour" was launched that aimed to tour 15 countries in 18 months in a solar taxi that can reach speeds of 90 km/h with zero emission. The aim of the tour was to spread

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at a far higher rate than the general working population in the United States (7.4 per 100,000 and 0.37 per 100,000, respectively). In efforts to reduce homicides, bulletproof partitions were introduced in many taxicabs in the 1990s, and in the 21st century, security cameras were added to many

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Taxi dispatch is evolving in connection to the telecom sector with the advent of smart-phones. In some countries such as Australia, Canada, Germany, the UK and USA, smartphone applications are emerging that connect taxi drivers directly with passengers for the purpose of dispatching taxi jobs,

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Most places allow a taxi to be "hailed" or "flagged" on the side of the street as it is approaching. Another option is a taxi stand (sometimes also called a "cab stand," "hack stand," "taxi rank," or "cab rank"). Taxi stands are usually located at airports, railway stations, major retail areas

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has been defended by some experts. They argue that the medallion system is similar to a brand-name capital asset and enforces quality of service because quality service results in higher ridership, thus increasing the value of owning the medallion. They argue that issuing new medallions would

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Some deregulation proponents are less opposed to airport taxi regulation than to regulation of other taxi services. They argue that if an airport regulates prices for taxis in its taxi queues, such regulation has fewer disadvantages than citywide regulation. An airport may determine prices or

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Taxi fares are set by the state and city where they are permitted to operate. The fare includes the 'drop', a set amount that is tallied for getting into the taxi plus the 'per kilometer' rate as has been set by the city. The taxi meters track time as well as distance in an average taxi fare.

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New South Wales: There is an annual taxi licence determination which sets the maximum number of taxis allowed in specified areas. To be eligible you must have a taxi licence which is available from ABLIS. The industry body is the NSW Taxi Council and it provides a pathway to becoming a taxi

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According to Moore and Rose, it is better to address potential problems of deregulation directly instead of regulating the number of taxi licences. For example, if the regulators want to increase safety, they should make safety statutes or publish a public list of safe taxi operators.

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Also, in some countries, it is reported that taxi drivers involve in more unsafe driving behaviors. Taxi drivers' feelings about their occupation, including traffic chaos, social prestige, economic pressure, and job satisfaction, may impact on the subsequent driving behaviors.

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Moskovics who had worked at Daimler in the late 1890s. Albert F. Rockwell was the owner of Bristol and his wife suggested he paint his taxicabs yellow to maximise his vehicles' visibility. Moskovics was one of the organizers of the first Yellow Taxicab Company in New York.

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coordinates nowadays) or the one that was the first to book into the "zone" surrounding the pickup address. Cabs are sometimes dispatched from their taxi stands; a call to "Top of the 2" means that the first cab in line at stand #2 is supposed to pick someone up.

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vehicles, representing 15% of New York's 13,237 taxis in service, the most in any city in North America. At this time owners began retiring its original hybrid fleet after 480,000 and 560,000 km (300,000 and 350,000 mi) per vehicle. Two attempts by the

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In London, despite the complex and haphazard road layout, such aids have only recently been employed by a small number of 'black cab' taxi (as opposed to minicab) drivers. Instead, they are required to undergo a demanding process of learning and testing called

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Taxi frequencies are generally licensed in duplex pairs. One frequency is used for the dispatcher to talk to the cabs, and a second frequency is used to the cabs to talk back. This means that the drivers generally cannot talk to each other. Some cabs have a

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that meet and exceed modern emissions and accessibility requirements for the future, and will hopefully soon extend to other cities as older models get rotated out of the bigger cities and into smaller markets. Modifications of existing minivans such as the

1187:(hence no initial cost and earn a percentage of each fare). So "on the nut" simply means to be next in a taxi stand to receive a passenger. Additionally, some cab companies are owned cooperatively, with profits shared through democratic governance. 1760:

Taxi companies claim that deregulation may lead to an unstable taxi market. However, one pro-deregulation study by Kitch, Isaacson and Kasper claims that the previous argument is a myth because it ignores the U.S. free taxi competition up to 1929.

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as a substantial improvement on the old hackney carriages. These two-wheel vehicles were fast, light enough to be pulled by a single horse (making the journey cheaper than travelling in a larger four-wheel coach) were agile enough to steer around

1564:(TLPA) was established in 1917 in the United States, and is a non-profit trade association of and for the private passenger transportation industry. Today its membership spans the globe and includes 1,100 taxicab companies, executive sedan and 1579:

In April 2011, TLPA announced a nationwide "Transportation on Patrol" initiative. The TOP program gives local police departments the materials they need to train volunteer taxi drivers to be good witnesses and watch out for criminal behavior.

1302:. This typically takes around three years and equips them with a detailed command of 25,000 streets within central London, major routes outside this area, and all buildings and other destinations to which passengers may ask to be taken. 2080: 1593:

taxicabs. Security cameras have been shown to be more effective when implemented by cities and not taxicab companies. Cab drivers also work together to protect one another both from physical threats and passengers who refuse to pay.

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Most experienced taxi drivers who have been working in the same city or region for a while would be expected to know the most important streets and places where their customers request to go. However, to aid the process of manual

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In offices using radio dispatch, taxi locations are often tracked using magnetic pegs on a "board"—a metal sheet with an engraved map of taxi zones. In computerized dispatch, the status of taxis is tracked by the computer system.

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argue that this prevented market mechanisms from solving information problems because new entrants have found it difficult to win new customers using new services or cheap prices. Also, ride-sharing has often been prohibited.

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a taxi for a specific period of time. Once that amount is collected in fare, the driver then begins to make a profit. A driver "on the nut" is trying to earn back the initial cost. This varies from city to city though, in

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claims that deregulation resulted in dramatically increased taxi supply, especially at already overserved airport locations, fare increases in every city, and an increase in short-trip refusals by taxicab drivers.

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discounts were small (10% typically) and were also offered in some regulated cities. The study found a lack of service innovation and little change in level of service despite the increased number of taxicabs.

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Opponents of taxi deregulation argue that deregulation will result in high taxi driver turnover rates which may cause the number of less-qualified taxi drivers to increase, dishonest business practices such as

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on 19 August 1897. They were soon nicknamed 'Hummingbirds' due to the idiosyncratic humming noise they made. In the same year in New York City, the Samuel's Electric Carriage and Wagon Company began running 12

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to be the taxicab of choice. Often this decision is based upon the perceived reliability of, and warranty offered with these vehicles. These taxi-service vehicles are almost always equipped with four-cylinder

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percentage of the average fleet is modified, wheelchair users must often wait for significantly longer periods when calling for a cab, and flagging a modified taxicab on the street is much more difficult.

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is following New York City's lead by proposing a mandate for Chicago's entire fleet of 6,700 taxicabs to become hybrid by 1 January 2014. As of 2008 Chicago's fleet had only 50 hybrid taxicabs. In 2008

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Although types of vehicles and methods of regulation, hiring, dispatching, and negotiating payment differ significantly from country to country, many common characteristics exist. Disputes over whether

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Deregulation advocates may claim that the taxi service level increases most in the poorest sections of the city. The effect is highest in peak hours and bad weather, when the demand is highest.

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of the 60s–80s, the unique attributes of the city often make the vehicles built to fit those requirements ubiquitous to its livery fleets, and often becomes an iconic image of the city itself.

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organize different queues for taxi services of different qualities and prices. It can be argued whether rules set by the owner of an airport are regulation or just a business model.

3782: 3317: 1877:, taxi deregulation has resulted in the emergence of taxi cartels which carry out acts of gun violence against rival cartels in attempts to monopolize desirable routes. In 3061: 1236:. Until 1 October 2017, all drivers wanting to obtain a P endorsement had to complete a P endorsement course, but that requirement was removed as a result of lobbying by 1480:, which became the first all-hybrid taxicab fleet in the United States, and the first carbon-negative taxicab company in the world A similar all-hybrid taxicab company, 864:-using passengers to their fleets. Such taxicabs are variously called accessible taxis, wheelchair- or wheelchair-accessible taxicabs, modified taxicabs, or "maxicabs". 2658: 2956: 1892:

taxi deregulation increased the supply of taxi services and initially decreased the prices remarkably in big cities, whereas the effects in smaller cities were small.

1094:, accounting, and human resources services to one or more taxi companies. Taxi owners and drivers usually communicate with the dispatch office through either a 2-way 1734:

In nearly all deregulating cities the number of taxis increased, more people were employed as drivers, and deregulation advocates claim needs were better satisfied.

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in the early 17th century. The first documented public hackney coach service for hire was in London in 1605. In 1625 carriages were made available for hire from

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taxi expansion is part of a county campaign known as Fresh AIRE, or Arlington Initiative to Reduce Emissions, and included a new all-hybrid taxi company called

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Most taxi companies have some sort of livery on the vehicle, depending on the type of taxi (taxi, cab, private hire, chauffeur), country, region and operator.

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The Architectural Achievement of Joseph Aloysius Hansom (1803–1882), Designer of the Hansom Cab, Birmingham Town Hall, and Churches of the Catholic Revival

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in the notorious traffic jams of nineteenth-century London and had a low centre of gravity for safe cornering. Hansom's original design was modified by

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New Zealand taxi drivers fall under the definition of a Small Passenger Service Vehicle driver. They must have a P (passenger) endorsement on their

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South Australia: Apply for South Australian driver accreditation with the SA government then complete training with a registered training provider.

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Taxicabs have been both criticized for creating pollution and also praised as an environmentally responsible alternative to private car use.

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have been introduced as a stopgap measures to fill the need for alternative products, however their acceptance by drivers is yet to be seen.

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or small group of passengers, often for a non-shared ride. A taxicab conveys passengers between locations of their choice. This differs from

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Taxi companies claim that deregulation would cause problems, raise prices and lower service level on certain hours or in certain places.

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meaning "to place in a certain order," as in commanding an orderly battle line, or in ordaining the payment of taxes, to the extent that

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considered deregulation to be a failure in the Japanese taxi industry (despite what he considers success in other Japanese industries).

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rules and maintain a logbook, with the onus on training falling on companies and drivers since the P endorsement course was abandoned.

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to implement policies to force the replacement of all New York's 13,000 taxis for hybrids by 2012 have been blocked by court rulings.

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Tommy Gärling, Thomas Laitila, Agneta Marell, Kerstin Westin. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. 29 (2): 209–214 (May 1995)

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Proponents of deregulation also claim that if officials want to regulate prices they should standardize the measures rather than

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Taxicabs in less developed places can be a completely different experience, such as the antique French cars typically found in

3662: 6842: 5711: 5690: 5683: 2585: 2356: 2006: 1412:, and some are equipped to run on either natural gas or as a flex-fuel. At least two Brazilian car makers sell these type of 4404: 1129:, to the most suitable cab. The most suitable cab may either be the one closest to the pick-up address (often determined by 6834: 5725: 5704: 3075: 5732: 5718: 2127: 1113: 4022: 3611: 562:

Taxicabs proliferated around the world in the early 20th century. The first major innovation after the invention of the

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Staley, Samuel R.; Husok, Howard; Bobb, David J.; Burnett, H. Sterling; Creasy, Laura; Hudson, Wade (31 January 2001).

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Other areas may have a mix of the two systems, where drivers may respond to radio calls and also pick up street fares.

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on the street. Two-way radio communication had not become a standard by the time the film was made in the early 1960s.

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There are four distinct forms of taxicab, which can be identified by slightly differing terms in different countries:

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Other cities where taxi service is available with hybrid vehicles include Tokyo, London, Sydney, Rome and Singapore.

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All taxis built since 2000 are equipped with the fold-out ramp and wide doors. Older cabs now carry a portable ramp.

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The taxicabs of Paris were equipped with the first meters beginning on 9 March 1898. They were originally called

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taxicabs from France in 1907, borrowed the word "taxicab" from London, where the word was in use by early 1907.

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San Francisco became one of the first cities to introduce hybrids for taxi service in 2005, with a fleet of 15

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where the pick-up and drop-off locations are decided by the service provider, not by the customers, although

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should be regulated as taxicabs resulted in some jurisdictions creating new regulations for these services.

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A popular but erroneous account holds that the vehicles were named after Franz von Taxis from the house of

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Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. book 5. chapter 6. section 5. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942.

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was invented and perfected by a trio of German inventors; Wilhelm Friedrich Nedler, Ferdinand Dencker and

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with an English translation by A. D. Godley.book 3.chapter 89. Cambridge. Harvard University Press. 1920.

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new innovations such as shared-ride markets and special services for disabled people, new market niches;

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behavior will improve and complaints to officials about these formerly illegal taxis would be allowed.

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have been fully accessible since January 2000, with all taxis fitted with a pull-out or portable ramp.

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The New Zealand Taxi Federation is the national advocacy group for taxi companies within New Zealand.

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When a customer calls for a taxi, a trip is dispatched by either radio or computer, via an in-vehicle

7017: 7007: 6853: 6744: 5851: 5525: 3030:"Apply for driver authorisation or operator accreditation | Public passenger transport services" 2802: 1930: 1874: 1526:. Hybrids such as the Ford Escape Hybrid are slowly being added to the taxicab fleet in Mexico City. 1068: 860:

In recent years, some companies have been adding specially modified vehicles capable of transporting

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The activity of taxi fleets is usually monitored and controlled by a central office, which provides

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in June 1897. Gasoline-powered taxicabs began operating in Paris in 1899, in London in 1903, and in

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Private hire vehicles, also known as minicabs or private hire taxis, licensed for pre-booking only

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Northern Territory: Apply for a Commercial Passenger Vehicle licence (H endorsement) and ID card.

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offices to communicate and serve customers more efficiently than previous methods, such as using

435: 17: 5340: 4405:"From Low Intensity War to Mafia War: Taxi violence in South Africa (1987–2000) – Jackie Dugard" 2433: 1472:

also has a small fleet of 85 environmentally friendly hybrid cabs introduced in early 2008. The

6804: 6784: 6528: 6523: 6275: 5784: 5556: 5466: 5393: 4966: 4631: 4532: 4079:"Regulatory Reform At The Local Level: Regulating For Competition, Opportunity, And Prosperity" 4078: 3239: 2982: 2692: 1720: 1496: 1492: 1438: 1409: 1331: 4882: 3209: 2659:"Taxi! Tokyo prepares for Olympic tourism boom with accessible cabs and international drivers" 1685:

Supporters of taxicab deregulation may argue that deregulation causes the following benefits:

378:

A similar service was started by Nicolas Sauvage in Paris in 1637. His vehicles were known as

302:

Harry Nathaniel Allen of The New York Taxicab Company, who imported the first 600 gas-powered

7161: 7141: 6956: 6789: 6449: 6131: 5937: 5285: 5150: 4905: 1491:

In Japan, electric taxicabs are becoming increasingly popular. In 2009, battery-swap company

1323: 939: 915: 810: 724: 675: 284:("roebuck", "wild goat"). In most European languages that word has taken on the meaning of a 153: 32: 4038: 2958:

Co-operative Workplace Dispute Resolution: Organizational Structure, Ownership, and Ideology

2930: 2273: 1310: 1158:

launching new battles for the marketing of such apps over the potential mass of Taxi users.

849: 141:, operating on pre-set routes typified by multiple stops and multiple independent passengers 7136: 7101: 6829: 6799: 6754: 6565: 6444: 6158: 6121: 5942: 5779: 5743: 3424: 1454: 1126: 1103: 1091: 1031: 658: 646: 575: 185: 3173: 3029: 390:

is still used in French to describe a horse-drawn vehicle for hire, while the German term

8: 7176: 7156: 6971: 6666: 6545: 6338: 6333: 6029: 5979: 5927: 5637: 5358: 5170: 4915: 4552: 1621: 1469: 1401: 1393: 1364: 1200:

Different states have different regulations for taxi driver registration and compliance:

671: 544: 431: 314: 2223: 594: 269:) meaning "measure." A cabriolet is a type of horse-drawn carriage; the word comes from 6930: 6731: 6358: 6163: 6146: 6069: 5769: 5647: 5619: 5363: 5295: 4799: 4651: 4005: 3890: 3863: 2787: 2515:"The Surprisingly Old Story Of London's First Ever Electric Taxi – Science Museum Blog" 2321: 2317: 1430: 1286:(and the customer's as well at times) a cab driver is usually equipped with a detailed 473: 130: 4112:, Federal Trade Commission, Mark W. Frankena and Paul A. Pautler, 1984, pages 155–156 3153: 6889: 6555: 6490: 6456: 6081: 6024: 5907: 5794: 5657: 5642: 5629: 5609: 5584: 5428: 4009: 3895: 3848: 3041: 2962: 2864: 2666: 2581: 2475: 2352: 2325: 2199: 2002: 1984: 1860: 1504: 1354: 1220:

Victoria: Drivers apply to the Taxi Services Commission to get a driver accreditation

1180: 318: 134: 3374:. San Francisco's Office of the Mayor (Press release). 22 March 2010. Archived from 2055: 1701:

the demand for taxi services increases, as the prices fall and the quality improves.

1507:

electric taxicabs in Tokyo. Both taxicabs had female drivers and were branded under

7200: 7116: 7080: 7070: 7027: 7022: 7002: 6997: 6879: 6824: 6794: 6285: 6245: 6183: 6064: 6049: 6044: 5964: 5922: 5874: 5599: 5546: 5476: 5373: 5250: 5080: 4728: 4606: 3997: 3885: 3875: 3844: 1955: 1750: 1515: 1485: 1381: 1073: 1057: 549: 521: 446: 442: 347: 113: 95: 83: 5200: 1808:(especially on airport routes) and circuitous routing, and poor customer service. 1370: 1106:). Before the innovation of radio dispatch in the 1950s, taxi drivers would use a 779:

Wheelchair accessible maxicab, unloading a wheelchair-using passenger in Australia

539:

battery-powered taxis became available at the end of the 19th century. In London,

338: 6915: 6749: 6585: 6406: 6290: 6260: 6203: 6091: 6076: 5789: 5614: 5604: 5594: 5225: 4621: 4408: 4163: 4117: 3160: 2554: 2346: 1569: 1473: 1413: 1327: 755: 614: 610: 477: 310: 285: 270: 1514:

Hybrid taxis are becoming more and more common in Canada, with all new taxis in

1495:

teamed with the Japanese government to trial a fleet of electric taxis with the

370:

outside the Maypole Inn in 1636. In 1635 the Hackney Carriage Act was passed by

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and several others to improve its practicability, but retained Hansom's name.

206:/ˈtaksə/ is a German word meaning "tax", "charge", or "scale of charges". The 7214: 7181: 7126: 6721: 6706: 6686: 6681: 6424: 6310: 6193: 6153: 6141: 6034: 5900: 5827: 5809: 5521: 5471: 5368: 5320: 5310: 5060: 5014: 4910: 4849: 4591: 2868: 2670: 2219: 1805: 1792: 1706:("The Last American Cowboys"), provides its own form of informal regulation. 1481: 1405: 1374: 973: 728: 703: 702:, and to an extent, Australia, it is not uncommon for expensive cars such as 618: 540: 529: 462: 458: 418: 303: 227: 56: 5275: 4486:"Government Report on Taxi Regulation Review – National Transport Authority" 4460: 4109: 3091:"Driving a passenger service vehicle | Waka Kotahi NZ Transport Agency" 1664: 476:, an ex-slave whose escape when captured in Detroit was the impetus for the 7195: 7166: 7151: 6951: 6935: 6925: 6894: 6874: 6858: 6819: 6779: 6774: 6759: 6716: 6439: 6218: 6126: 6039: 5954: 5917: 5270: 5265: 5175: 5019: 4994: 4844: 3899: 1882: 1878: 1519: 1449: 1183:, all taxicabs are owned and operated by the companies and all drivers are 946:

operate as well, usually in competition with taxicabs and at higher fares.

764: 732: 383: 322: 3454: 1712:

Deregulation advocates also may claim that, in a deregulated environment:

1695:

the competition adds quality and the pressure to enhance one's reputation;

1468:

mandated that its entire taxi fleet must be converted to hybrids by 2015.

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is industry slang for the amount of money a driver has to pay upfront to

927: 880: 708: 536: 117: 3986:"Driving Street Justice: The Taxicab Driver As The Last American Cowboy" 3291:(in Portuguese). Institutio Brasileiro de Petroleo e Gas. Archived from 3210:"Are our taxi cabs about to switch from hybrid to electric? | CarAdvice" 1960: 1715: 731:

standards far stricter than that for private vehicles. Much like the NY

520:

Victoria—the world's first motorized-powered taximeter-cab—was built by

379: 7111: 6981: 6701: 6696: 6616: 6518: 6396: 6376: 6328: 6295: 6265: 6230: 6173: 6101: 6096: 6059: 5989: 5974: 5949: 5932: 5895: 5418: 5403: 5398: 5165: 5004: 4986: 4897: 4859: 4834: 4686: 4646: 4641: 4636: 1843:

The results of taxi deregulation in specific cities has varied widely.

1315: 1279: 1046: 1042: 1020: 1004: 861: 691: 687: 667: 552: 414: 407: 371: 317:, and his nephew Johann Baptiste von Taxis, General Postmaster for the 103: 52: 39: 2348:

I've Got a Home in Glory Land: A Lost Tale of the Underground Railroad

1730:

cities save money, as they do not have to plan and enforce regulation.

1726:

black market taxis become legal, possibly eliminating their problems,

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have many of their taxicabs running on compressed natural gas (CNG).

1423: 1397: 1244: 1110:—a special telephone at a taxi stand—to contact the dispatch office. 1012: 986: 943: 935: 563: 525: 509: 422: 363: 180: 168: 144: 120:, hailed or street taxis, licensed for hailing throughout communities 91: 6235: 4052: 3833:""Revenge" and "Rescue": Workplace Deviance in the Taxicab Industry" 2783:"It Was Billed as the 'Taxi of Tomorrow.' Tomorrow Didn't Last Long" 2756:"Paratransit, the ADA, and Ensuring Transportation Services for All" 1503:. In 2010, the taxi company Hinomaru Linousine Company launched two 1400:

and the main cities of Brazil have large fleets of taxis running on

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of the area in which they work. There is also an increasing use of

1184: 1143: 1118: 1062: 1016: 896: 698:) are also used or have been used historically. In Western Europe, 488: 1146:

in addition to the company radio so they can speak to each other.

6961: 6838: 6676: 6606: 6508: 6348: 6320: 6250: 6240: 6136: 5451: 5441: 5408: 5383: 5378: 5245: 5210: 5029: 4925: 4867: 4819: 1903: 1896: 1838: 1549: 1460: 1107: 1050: 931: 910: 872: 853: 751: 695: 579: 469: 138: 126: 87: 3783:"TLPA Introduces Nationwide Transportation On Patrol Initiative" 3612:"Arlinton County: Board Gives Go-Ahead to Eco-Friendly Taxicabs" 1258: 382:, as the main vehicle depot apparently was opposite a shrine to 6661: 6656: 6575: 6280: 6106: 5959: 5461: 4527: 3028:

Roads, c=AU; o=The State of Queensland; ou=Transport and Main.

2997:"Become a Taxi Driver | NSW Taxi Council | Australia" 2712:"How Nissan's NYC Taxi of Tomorrow has turned into a nightmare" 1673: 1465: 1283: 1084: 900: 743: 716: 699: 454: 355: 3862:

Mehri, Mahsa; Khazaee-Pool, Maryam; Arghami, Shirazeh (2019).

3708:"Trend Watch: Taxis Go Green to Save Cash, Emissions, and Oil" 2996: 2606: 997:

revocation of the driver's taxi license, or even prosecution.

38:"Cab driver" redirects here. For The Mills Brothers song, see 6371: 5335: 5190: 4759: 1964: 1856: 1795:

or allow for price competition by altering the queue system.

1689:

lower prices, because more taxis are competing on the market;

1530: 1518:

being hybrids, or other fuel efficient vehicles, such as the

1263: 1175: 923: 891: 747: 720: 605:

Paris taxis played a memorable part in the French victory at

571: 450: 394:

is used, especially in Austria, to refer to the same thing.)

351: 259: 3062:"Driver accreditation for large or small passenger vehicles" 2495:

Hendry, Maurice D. (Spring 1970). "The Fred Moskovics Era".

1572:

fleets, non-emergency medical transportation companies, and

1079: 402: 6736: 6691: 6168: 3587:. EnviroCAB Press Release. 11 February 2008. Archived from 2758:. The Transportation Alliance. 24 July 2017. Archived from 1237: 1008: 942:

taxicabs are becoming increasingly common. In many cities,

904: 651: 426: 253:, initially denoted an orderly military march or campaign. 147:, specialized vehicle licensed for operation by pre-booking 3136: 2474:. Canaan, NH: Phoenix Publishing. pp. 14, 16, 19–21. 598:

Paris taxis carried 6000 soldiers to the front during the

5890: 5495: 5065: 4953: 4790: 3197:"Taking A Taxi Could Increase Your Exposure To Pollution" 1291: 1287: 1267: 1130: 868: 359: 4537: 4500:"Taxi fares in Finland rose 13% after 2018 deregulation" 3952:"Do Economists Reach a Conclusion on Taxi Deregulation?" 3861: 3733:

Seoul Metropolitan Government, PRNE (17 December 2009).

3264:(in French). Caradisiac. 1 November 2007. Archived from 2918:

Swiss teacher starts China leg of global solar taxi tour

2449:"Why does every city seem to have a Yellow Cab company?" 2151: 2149: 2056:"Taxe translation English – German dictionary – Reverso" 4023:

In D.C. Taxi Bribe Case, a Taste of Regulation's Perils

3812:. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 3785:. Chicagodispatcher.com. 5 January 2011. Archived from 3663:"Better Place to trial battery-swapping taxis in Tokyo" 2299:"Les taxis : 378 ans d'histoires et d'engueulades" 1692:

lower operating costs, incentivized by the competition;

613:. On 7 September 1914, the Military Governor of Paris, 582:. The next major innovation occurred in the 1980s when 198:, which is itself a variant of the earlier German word 62: 48: 4352:. Etcproceedings.org. 30 November 1999. Archived from 4050: 867:

Wheelchair taxicabs are most often specially modified

589: 2650: 2146: 1190: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4184: 2774: 1773: 1344: 1294:

driven navigational systems in wealthier countries.

985:

taxicabs lined up in front of Kowloon Waterfront in

723:

have implemented specific regulations like London's

3757:"Electric Taxis Begin Trial Run on Beijing's Roads" 3504:"Federal Bill Would Clear Way for Green Taxi Fleet" 3425:"Panel Enacts Incentives for Hybrids in Cab Fleets" 3236:"Fiat Siena Tetra Power: Your Choice of Four Fuels" 3123:"More relaxed Uber and taxi rules from this Sunday" 727:that dictate size, fuel efficiency, emissions, and 4344: 4342: 4340: 3529:"City Council Wants All-Hybrid Taxi Fleet By 2014" 2621: 2280:, London: British History Online, pp. 922–924 1764: 1555: 914:A "bicitaxi" (identified by its license plate) in 4181: 3945: 3943: 3941: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3933: 3931: 3929: 3397:Gordon, Rachel; Knight, Heather (23 March 2010). 2278:Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, 1642–1660 770: 750:'s efforts have yielded unique vehicles such the 7212: 4273: 4271: 4269: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4261: 3927: 3925: 3923: 3921: 3919: 3917: 3915: 3913: 3911: 3909: 3399:"More than half of taxis now green, Newsom says" 3343:"Halfway to a Green Taxi Fleet in San Francisco" 2894:"Cairo upgrades battered taxis, cleans up image" 2693:"The New York City Checker, Different By Design" 1562:Taxicab, Limousine & Paratransit Association 496:Victoria was the first motorized-powered taxicab 4337: 4313: 4311: 4309: 4307: 4305: 4280:"The Impact of Taxicab Deregulation in the USA" 4229: 4227: 4225: 4223: 3950:Moore, Adrian T.; Balaker, Ted (January 2006). 3640:"All-Hybrid Taxi Fleet Debuts in Sunny Phoenix" 2529:"Hailing the History of New York's Yellow Cabs" 4206:"Taxicab Medallion Systems: Time for a Change" 4086:Indianapolis Deregulation Policy Study No. 238 3735:"Eco-Friendly Hybrid Taxi Introduced in Seoul" 3634: 3632: 2241: 2239: 1839:Results of deregulation in specific localities 178:is a compound word formed as a contraction of 129:, also come in many variations throughout the 5859: 4775: 4553: 4258: 4240:Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization 3906: 3710:. Greencar.com. 29 March 2009. Archived from 3686:"Mitsubishi i MiEVs to become taxis in Tokyo" 3451:"Hybrid taxis slowly catching on in the west" 1906:taxi fares rose 13% after 2018 deregulation. 1798: 1211:Queensland: Apply for a driver authorisation. 4302: 4277: 4220: 4077:Moore, Adrian T.; Rose, Tom (January 1998). 3949: 3759:. eChinacities. 4 March 2011. Archived from 3396: 3046:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2831:"Wheelchair accessible vehicle requirements" 2603:"Birmingham Pub Bombings, November 21, 1974" 1632:. There might be a discussion about this on 4234:Gallick, Edward C.; Sisk, David E. (1987). 4233: 3864:"Phenomenology of being a safe taxi driver" 3629: 3531:. CBS Chicago. 12 June 2008. Archived from 3337: 3335: 3312: 3310: 2780: 2236: 817:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 239: 5866: 5852: 4782: 4768: 4560: 4546: 4110:An Economic Analysis of Taxicab Regulation 3555:"Boston's taxi fleet to go hybrid by 2015" 3502:Grynbaum, Michael M. (30 September 2009). 3366: 3364: 2198:. Penguin Random House. pp. 244–245. 2193: 1680: 950:knowledge about environmental protection. 4284:Journal of Transport Economics and Policy 4076: 3889: 3879: 3808:Menéndez, Cammie Chaumont (8 July 2013). 3495: 3469: 3416: 3262:"Nouvelle Fiat Siena 2008: sans complexe" 2385:Early Sports 'n' Pop-Culture History Blog 2271: 2035:Early Sports 'n' Pop-Culture History Blog 1652:Learn how and when to remove this message 1305: 837:Learn how and when to remove this message 617:, gathered about six hundred taxicabs at 472:, "The City", was established in 1837 by 5186:Cabriolet / Convertible / Drophead coupe 4458: 4373: 4371: 4197: 4157: 4155: 4153: 4151: 4149: 4147: 3983: 3830: 3807: 3501: 3332: 3307: 3015:"Driving a commercial passenger vehicle" 2954: 2854: 2803:"Economic Aspects of Taxi Accessibility" 2169:"The National tribune (Page 2, Image 2)" 1714: 1663: 1369: 1358: 1309: 1257: 1165: 1112: 1078: 1067: 1056: 1030: 977: 909: 890: 848: 774: 666:Taxi services are typically provided by 657: 645: 593: 545:introduced them to the streets of London 499: 487: 401: 337: 163: 61: 47: 5532:Homogeneous charge compression ignition 4317: 4278:Roger F., Teal; Mary, Berglund (1987). 3361: 3286: 3280: 3233: 2748: 2656: 2601:Hill, Alan Stuart (12 September 2005). 2575: 2521: 2196:Christendom destroyed: Europe 1517–1648 1583: 1444:As of mid-2009 New York City had 2,019 14: 7213: 4380:"South Africa's taxi wars taking toll" 4236:"A Reconsideration of Taxi Regulation" 4161: 4130:"Taxi deregulation brings only regret" 4105: 4103: 3609: 3478:"Judge Blocks Hybrid Taxi Requirement" 3422: 3289:"Montadores Investem nos Carros á GNV" 2892:Madany, Sherine El (19 January 2011). 2891: 2709: 2629:"Taxi and Private Hire Vehicle Policy" 2494: 2469: 2423: 2407:"The world's first motorized taxi cab" 2311: 2272:Firth, C.H.; Rait, R.S., eds. (1911), 2249:. london-taxi-cabs.com. Archived from 2218: 2155: 1978: 1388:In Australia, nearly all taxis run on 1003:Passengers may also hire taxicabs via 27:Type of vehicle for hire with a driver 5847: 4763: 4541: 4454: 4452: 4377: 4368: 4203: 4144: 3660: 3577: 3320:. Green Car Congress. 14 October 2009 3234:Lepisto, Christine (27 August 2006). 3227: 3137:"Small Passenger Service Association" 2703: 2446: 2404: 2378: 2344: 2338: 2247:"History of the Licensed London Taxi" 2028: 417:was designed and patented in 1834 by 5873: 4632:Personal rapid transit / railed taxi 4378:Wines, Michael (17 September 2006). 3610:Downey, Kirstin (7 September 2007). 3475: 3147: 2710:Turkus, Brandon (17 December 2014). 2690: 2684: 2600: 2470:Weldon, Chichester Percival (1986). 1604: 1262:The inside of a Japanese taxicab in 815:adding citations to reliable sources 782: 662:Toyota JPN Taxis in use in Hong Kong 630:transport the injured to the nearby 333: 194:is an adaptation of the German word 4320:"Japan's taxi drivers feel squeeze" 4100: 3174:""Taxi 07 Roads Forward", page 135" 3141:Small Passenger Service Association 3076:"Applying for driver accreditation" 2848: 2781:Blint-Welsh, Tyler (12 June 2018). 2379:Brown, Peter Jensen (15 May 2016). 2029:Brown, Peter Jensen (15 May 2016). 590:As military and emergency transport 24: 7038:Transit-oriented development (TOD) 4449: 4162:Sadlak, Kristina (19 April 2004). 4016: 3661:Yoney, Domenick (26 August 2009). 3088: 2810:International Road Transport Union 1742:use taxis more often than others. 1392:, as well as the growing fleet of 1384:to its taxi fleet in February 2011 1191:Regulatory compliance and training 1049:, contacts his dispatch through a 543:designed a fleet of such cabs and 483: 25: 7232: 5196:Coupé de Ville / Sedanca de Ville 4521: 4431:"The South African Taxi Industry" 4204:Snead, Jason (10 December 2015). 3683: 3448: 3423:Newman, William (29 March 2009). 3109:"Small passenger services review" 3027: 1981:Histoire et dictionnaire de Paris 1774:Partial deregulation as a failure 1345:Alternative energy and propulsion 566:occurred in the late 1940s, when 350:services began operating in both 276:("to leap, caper"), from Italian 7194: 7048:Transportation demand management 4743: 4742: 4660: 4526: 4492: 3849:10.1111/j.1475-682X.2008.00240.x 3561:. 29 August 2008. Archived from 3476:Chan, Sewell (31 October 2008). 3199:, Science Daily, 11 January 2006 2983:"Taxi Licence – New South Wales" 2931:"Centralized Dispatching | UTCC" 2855:Mashburn, Rick (18 April 2004). 2697:Internet Checker Taxicab Archive 2578:Dictionnaire Historique de Paris 2447:Adams, Cecil (31 October 1980). 1999:Dictionnaire historique de Paris 1609: 1588:Taxicab drivers are at risk for 787: 313:, a 16th-century postmaster for 226:may ultimately be attributed to 106:provide a hybrid bus/taxi mode. 4478: 4423: 4397: 4122: 4070: 4044: 4032: 3984:Hoffmann, Elizabeth A. (2006). 3977: 3855: 3831:Hoffmann, Elizabeth A. (2008). 3824: 3801: 3775: 3749: 3726: 3700: 3677: 3654: 3603: 3547: 3521: 3442: 3390: 3254: 3202: 3190: 3166: 3163:, Scientific American Frontiers 3129: 3115: 3101: 3082: 3068: 3054: 3021: 3007: 2989: 2975: 2961:. Gower / Ashgate / Routledge. 2955:Hoffmann, Elizabeth A. (2012). 2948: 2923: 2911: 2885: 2823: 2795: 2718: 2627: 2605:. birmingham999. Archived from 2594: 2580:. La Pochothèque. p. 750. 2569: 2547: 2507: 2488: 2463: 2440: 2417: 2398: 2372: 2305: 2291: 2265: 2212: 1972: 1765:Airport taxis as a special case 1556:International trade association 1439:compressed natural gas vehicles 1240:who had been flouting the law. 1072:Taxis waiting for customers in 1038:It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World 524:in 1897 and began operating in 5833:Template:EC car classification 4789: 4318:Wiseman, Paul (4 March 2005). 4058:. Reason Foundation. p. 3 4041:, The Economist, 14 March 2002 2691:King, Karl (21 January 2017). 2426:"Hailing: History of the Taxi" 2345:Frost, Karolyn Smardz (2007). 2187: 2161: 2120: 2107: 2098: 2073: 2048: 2022: 1951:Transportation network company 1227: 1061:Taxis during a traffic jam in 1026: 856:with wheelchair ramp in London 771:Wheelchair-accessible taxicabs 514:Friedrich Wilhelm Gustav Bruhn 342:Line of cabbies for hire, 1899 280:("to somersault"), from Latin 13: 1: 6020:Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit 4407:. Csvr.org.za. Archived from 2657:Tarrant, Jack (23 May 2018). 2557:. The Early Electric Car Site 2424:Bellis, Mary (8 April 2017). 2351:. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 2016: 1600: 1253: 584:computer assisted dispatching 7076:Passenger information system 4577: 3810:"Reducing Taxicab Homicides" 3238:. Treehugger. Archived from 2405:Moore, Alina (6 June 2006). 2381:"A History of the Taximeter" 1813:Connecticut General Assembly 1341:lowest amount of pollution. 1195: 632:Birmingham Accident Hospital 570:first appeared in taxicabs. 159: 7: 6214:Demand-responsive transport 6112:Medium-capacity rail system 3642:. GreenBiz. 20 October 2009 1909: 1537:taxi in December 2009. The 1404:. Many Brazilian taxis are 641: 636:Birmingham General Hospital 100:demand responsive transport 10: 7237: 6977:Public transport timetable 6008:Passenger rail terminology 5522:Gasoline / petrol 5286:Roadster / Spider / Spyder 4002:10.1177/0160449X0603100202 3453:. Infotaxi. Archived from 2472:The New Departure Classics 2228:. London: Vinton. p. 2031:"A History of the Taxicab" 1963:, a type of taxi found in 1799:Opposition to deregulation 1539:internal combustion engine 1348: 971: 957: 504:Electric Hansom, 1898-1899 397: 328: 260: 29: 7190: 7094: 7061: 7008:Green transport hierarchy 6990: 6944: 6908: 6867: 6745:Automated fare collection 6730: 6599: 6499: 6465: 6405: 6357: 6319: 6182: 5998: 5881: 5818: 5742: 5662:(engine / drive) 5656: 5628: 5575: 5427: 5349: 5141: 5079: 5038: 4985: 4952: 4924: 4896: 4858: 4807: 4798: 4737: 4721: 4700: 4669: 4658: 4584: 4575: 4567: 4208:. The Heritage Foundation 3881:10.1186/s12889-019-8106-1 3287:GNVNews (November 2006). 2857:"Rolling Along in London" 2576:Boucard, Pauline (2013). 2312:Harris, Penelope (2010). 2225:Early Carriages and Roads 2194:Greengrass, Mark (2015). 1931:Illegal taxicab operation 1435:alternative fuel vehicles 1243:Drivers must comply with 967: 953: 761:Mercedes Vito London Taxi 690:) or even boats (such as 607:First Battle of the Marne 600:First Battle of the Marne 468:The first cab service in 240: 7043:Transportation authority 5301:Sedan delivery/Panel van 2001:. La Pochothèque. 2013. 1455:Bloomberg Administration 1170:In the United States, a 886: 557:Electric Vehicle Company 441:These soon replaced the 362:in London and the first 249:), meaning "journey" in 66:A luminous taxi top sign 7107:Bus rapid transit creep 7053:Transportation planning 5562:Liquified petroleum gas 5374:Driverless (autonomous) 4459:Sandholm, Piia (2019). 3403:San Francisco Chronicle 2726:"Cleaner greener taxis" 2085:Perseus Digital Library 1979:Fierro, Alfred (1996). 1681:Support of deregulation 1543:liquefied petroleum gas 1499:battery-swap system in 1363:Singapore Toyota Prius 1117:Taxi cars blue bird in 684:animal-powered vehicles 627:Birmingham pub bombings 6805:Manual fare collection 6785:Farebox recovery ratio 6276:Personal rapid transit 5467:Compressed natural gas 5394:Personal rapid transit 4708:Fictional taxi drivers 4164:"Taxicab Deregulation" 3089:Agency, NZ Transport. 2663:The Japan Times Online 2324:. pp. 86–91, 93. 2060:dictionary.reverso.net 1723: 1721:Ghana's Central Region 1677: 1385: 1367: 1334: 1306:Environmental concerns 1282:and the taxi driver's 1274: 1122: 1087: 1076: 1065: 1054: 989: 919: 907: 857: 780: 676:human-powered vehicles 663: 655: 602: 586:was first introduced. 505: 497: 410: 343: 171: 67: 59: 7162:Sustainable transport 7142:Passenger load factor 6957:Clock-face scheduling 6790:Free public transport 6642:Bus turnout (bus bay) 6339:Real-time ridesharing 6132:Platform screen doors 5733:Dual motor-four-wheel 5331:Town (Coupé de Ville) 4535:at Wikimedia Commons 3990:Labor Studies Journal 3159:7 August 2015 at the 1791:either set their own 1718: 1667: 1533:introduced the first 1373: 1362: 1313: 1261: 1166:Drivers and companies 1116: 1082: 1071: 1060: 1034: 981: 916:Ciudad Nezahualcoyotl 913: 894: 852: 778: 725:Conditions of Fitness 672:but in some countries 661: 649: 597: 574:enabled taxicabs and 503: 491: 405: 346:Horse-drawn for-hire 341: 167: 154:ridesharing companies 65: 51: 33:Taxi (disambiguation) 7201:Transport portal 7137:Outline of transport 6830:Reduced fare program 6800:Integrated ticketing 6755:Contract of carriage 6566:Personal transporter 6122:Narrow-gauge railway 5970:Rail replacement bus 5744:Engine configuration 4025:, Samuel R. Staley, 3837:Sociological Inquiry 3688:. Green.autoblog.com 3665:. Green.autoblog.com 3242:on 19 September 2008 3154:"The Knowledge Boys" 2985:. 13 September 2017. 2636:Transport for London 2497:Automobile Quarterly 2173:The National Tribune 1622:confusing or unclear 1584:Occupational hazards 1408:vehicles running on 1316:Fiat Siena Tetrafuel 1127:mobile data terminal 1104:mobile data terminal 983:Toyota Crown Comfort 811:improve this section 432:horse-drawn vehicles 299:on 17 October 1904. 131:developing countries 31:For other uses, see 7177:Transport economics 6972:On-time performance 6967:Night (owl) service 6667:Interchange station 6546:Horse-drawn vehicle 6334:Flexible carpooling 6142:Metro/Rapid Transit 5750:internal combustion 5552:Internal combustion 5359:All-terrain vehicle 5281:Retractable hardtop 4437:on 24 February 2007 4116:28 May 2010 at the 4039:Taxis: Rank disgust 4027:The Washington Post 3616:The Washington Post 3457:on 19 November 2009 3295:on 11 December 2008 3078:. 30 November 2021. 2451:. The Straight Dope 2436:on 14 October 2017. 1719:Mitsubishi Taxi in 1630:clarify the section 1470:Arlington, Virginia 1431:Ford Escape Hybrids 1035:In this scene from 680:rickshaw or pedicab 90:, used by a single 6931:Standing passenger 6194:Auto rickshaw taxi 6164:Suspension railway 6147:Rubber-tyred metro 6070:Heritage streetcar 5975:Share taxi/Taxibus 4652:Mercedes-Benz taxi 4592:Auto rickshaw taxi 4488:. 31 January 2012. 4411:on 9 February 2012 4356:on 18 October 2012 4132:. Toomanytaxis.com 3959:Econ Journal Watch 3508:The New York Times 3482:The New York Times 3429:The New York Times 2861:The New York Times 2835:National Transport 2788:The New York Times 2762:on 24 January 2022 2322:Edwin Mellen Press 2318:Lewiston, New York 1983:. Robert Laffont. 1724: 1678: 1484:, was launched in 1386: 1368: 1335: 1275: 1123: 1088: 1077: 1066: 1055: 1045:driver, played by 990: 920: 908: 858: 781: 664: 656: 603: 506: 498: 474:Thornton Blackburn 411: 344: 315:Philip of Burgundy 257:is from the Greek 172: 74:, also known as a 68: 60: 7208: 7207: 6900:Transport network 6890:Non-revenue track 6556:Inclined elevator 6491:Inclined elevator 6457:Inclined elevator 6082:Higher-speed rail 6025:Airport rail link 5908:Bus rapid transit 5841: 5840: 5137: 5136: 4906:Compact executive 4757: 4756: 4729:Vehicles for hire 4713:Films about taxis 4531:Media related to 4506:. 20 January 2020 4029:, 11 October 2009 3868:BMC Public Health 3684:Yoney, Domenick. 3125:. 19 August 2023. 2638:. Mayor of London 2587:978-2-253-13140-3 2358:978-0-374-16481-2 2008:978-2-253-13140-3 1861:Kansai University 1662: 1661: 1654: 1545:(LPG) as a fuel. 1505:Mitsubishi i MiEV 1488:in October 2009. 1410:sugarcane ethanol 1377:incorporated the 1355:All-electric taxi 1223:Western Australia 1181:Las Vegas, Nevada 1100:computer terminal 847: 846: 839: 334:Hackney carriages 319:Holy Roman Empire 114:Hackney carriages 16:(Redirected from 7228: 7199: 7198: 7117:Destination sign 7081:Platform display 7071:Destination sign 7028:Transit district 7023:Street hierarchy 7003:Complete streets 6998:Airport security 6880:Cross-city route 6825:Proof-of-payment 6795:Free travel pass 6286:Public light bus 6246:Hackney carriage 6065:Heritage railway 6050:Elevated railway 6045:Cross-city route 5965:Public light bus 5923:Cross-city route 5875:Public transport 5868: 5861: 5854: 5845: 5844: 5753: 5712:Front-four-wheel 5663: 5526:direct injection 5437:Alternative fuel 5251:Multi-stop truck 4805: 4804: 4784: 4777: 4770: 4761: 4760: 4746: 4745: 4664: 4607:Hackney carriage 4578:History of taxis 4562: 4555: 4548: 4539: 4538: 4530: 4516: 4515: 4513: 4511: 4496: 4490: 4489: 4482: 4476: 4475: 4473: 4471: 4456: 4447: 4446: 4444: 4442: 4433:. Archived from 4427: 4421: 4420: 4418: 4416: 4401: 4395: 4394: 4392: 4390: 4375: 4366: 4365: 4363: 4361: 4346: 4335: 4334: 4332: 4330: 4315: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4275: 4256: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4231: 4218: 4217: 4215: 4213: 4201: 4195: 4192: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4159: 4142: 4141: 4139: 4137: 4126: 4120: 4107: 4098: 4097: 4095: 4093: 4083: 4074: 4068: 4067: 4065: 4063: 4057: 4048: 4042: 4036: 4030: 4020: 4014: 4013: 3981: 3975: 3974: 3972: 3970: 3956: 3947: 3904: 3903: 3893: 3883: 3859: 3853: 3852: 3828: 3822: 3821: 3819: 3817: 3805: 3799: 3798: 3796: 3794: 3789:on 24 March 2012 3779: 3773: 3772: 3770: 3768: 3753: 3747: 3746: 3744: 3742: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3721: 3719: 3704: 3698: 3697: 3695: 3693: 3681: 3675: 3674: 3672: 3670: 3658: 3652: 3651: 3649: 3647: 3636: 3627: 3626: 3624: 3622: 3607: 3601: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3591:on 27 March 2012 3581: 3575: 3574: 3572: 3570: 3551: 3545: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3525: 3519: 3518: 3516: 3514: 3499: 3493: 3492: 3490: 3488: 3473: 3467: 3466: 3464: 3462: 3446: 3440: 3439: 3437: 3435: 3420: 3414: 3413: 3411: 3409: 3394: 3388: 3387: 3385: 3383: 3368: 3359: 3358: 3356: 3354: 3339: 3330: 3329: 3327: 3325: 3314: 3305: 3304: 3302: 3300: 3284: 3278: 3277: 3275: 3273: 3258: 3252: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3231: 3225: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3206: 3200: 3194: 3188: 3187: 3185: 3183: 3178: 3170: 3164: 3151: 3145: 3144: 3143:. 24 March 2023. 3133: 3127: 3126: 3119: 3113: 3112: 3105: 3099: 3098: 3086: 3080: 3079: 3072: 3066: 3065: 3058: 3052: 3051: 3045: 3037: 3025: 3019: 3018: 3017:. December 2017. 3011: 3005: 3004: 3001:NSW Taxi Council 2993: 2987: 2986: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2952: 2946: 2945: 2943: 2941: 2927: 2921: 2915: 2909: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2889: 2883: 2882: 2877: 2875: 2852: 2846: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2827: 2821: 2820: 2818: 2816: 2807: 2799: 2793: 2792: 2778: 2772: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2752: 2746: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2736:on 2 August 2018 2732:. Archived from 2722: 2716: 2715: 2707: 2701: 2700: 2688: 2682: 2681: 2679: 2677: 2654: 2648: 2647: 2645: 2643: 2633: 2625: 2619: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2598: 2592: 2591: 2573: 2567: 2566: 2564: 2562: 2551: 2545: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2525: 2519: 2518: 2511: 2505: 2504: 2492: 2486: 2485: 2467: 2461: 2460: 2458: 2456: 2444: 2438: 2437: 2432:. Archived from 2421: 2415: 2414: 2402: 2396: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2376: 2370: 2369: 2367: 2365: 2342: 2336: 2335: 2309: 2303: 2302: 2295: 2289: 2288: 2287: 2285: 2269: 2263: 2262: 2260: 2258: 2253:on 29 April 2015 2243: 2234: 2233: 2216: 2210: 2209: 2191: 2185: 2184: 2182: 2180: 2165: 2159: 2153: 2144: 2143: 2141: 2139: 2124: 2118: 2111: 2105: 2102: 2096: 2095: 2093: 2091: 2077: 2071: 2070: 2068: 2066: 2052: 2046: 2045: 2043: 2041: 2026: 2012: 1994: 1956:Vehicle for hire 1832:medallion system 1783:too small area. 1657: 1650: 1646: 1643: 1637: 1613: 1612: 1605: 1516:British Columbia 1486:Phoenix, Arizona 1414:bi-fuel vehicles 1154:communications. 1074:Cologne, Germany 1063:Istanbul, Turkey 842: 835: 831: 828: 822: 791: 783: 522:Gottlieb Daimler 447:vehicle for hire 443:hackney carriage 348:hackney carriage 263: 262: 243: 242: 116:, also known as 96:public transport 84:vehicle for hire 43: 36: 21: 7236: 7235: 7231: 7230: 7229: 7227: 7226: 7225: 7211: 7210: 7209: 7204: 7193: 7186: 7090: 7063: 7057: 6986: 6940: 6916:Checked baggage 6904: 6863: 6750:Bus advertising 6734: 6726: 6595: 6586:Trackless train 6529:Scooter-sharing 6524:Bicycle-sharing 6501: 6495: 6461: 6401: 6353: 6315: 6291:Pulled rickshaw 6261:Motorcycle taxi 6204:Combination bus 6185: 6178: 6092:Inter-city rail 6077:High-speed rail 5994: 5877: 5872: 5842: 5837: 5814: 5785:Single-cylinder 5747: 5746: 5738: 5726:Rear-four-wheel 5677:Front mid-front 5661: 5660: 5652: 5630:Engine position 5624: 5571: 5557:Liquid nitrogen 5423: 5351: 5345: 5133: 5075: 5034: 4981: 4967:Crossover (CUV) 4948: 4920: 4892: 4854: 4794: 4788: 4758: 4753: 4752: 4733: 4717: 4696: 4665: 4656: 4622:Motorcycle taxi 4580: 4571: 4566: 4524: 4519: 4509: 4507: 4498: 4497: 4493: 4484: 4483: 4479: 4469: 4467: 4457: 4450: 4440: 4438: 4429: 4428: 4424: 4414: 4412: 4403: 4402: 4398: 4388: 4386: 4376: 4369: 4359: 4357: 4348: 4347: 4338: 4328: 4326: 4316: 4303: 4293: 4291: 4276: 4259: 4249: 4247: 4232: 4221: 4211: 4209: 4202: 4198: 4193: 4182: 4172: 4170: 4160: 4145: 4135: 4133: 4128: 4127: 4123: 4118:Wayback Machine 4108: 4101: 4091: 4089: 4081: 4075: 4071: 4061: 4059: 4055: 4049: 4045: 4037: 4033: 4021: 4017: 3982: 3978: 3968: 3966: 3954: 3948: 3907: 3860: 3856: 3829: 3825: 3815: 3813: 3806: 3802: 3792: 3790: 3781: 3780: 3776: 3766: 3764: 3763:on 7 March 2011 3755: 3754: 3750: 3740: 3738: 3731: 3727: 3717: 3715: 3714:on 11 July 2011 3706: 3705: 3701: 3691: 3689: 3682: 3678: 3668: 3666: 3659: 3655: 3645: 3643: 3638: 3637: 3630: 3620: 3618: 3608: 3604: 3594: 3592: 3583: 3582: 3578: 3568: 3566: 3565:on 6 April 2009 3553: 3552: 3548: 3538: 3536: 3535:on 22 July 2009 3527: 3526: 3522: 3512: 3510: 3500: 3496: 3486: 3484: 3474: 3470: 3460: 3458: 3447: 3443: 3433: 3431: 3421: 3417: 3407: 3405: 3395: 3391: 3381: 3379: 3370: 3369: 3362: 3352: 3350: 3349:. 22 March 2010 3341: 3340: 3333: 3323: 3321: 3316: 3315: 3308: 3298: 3296: 3285: 3281: 3271: 3269: 3260: 3259: 3255: 3245: 3243: 3232: 3228: 3218: 3216: 3208: 3207: 3203: 3195: 3191: 3181: 3179: 3176: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3161:Wayback Machine 3152: 3148: 3135: 3134: 3130: 3121: 3120: 3116: 3107: 3106: 3102: 3087: 3083: 3074: 3073: 3069: 3060: 3059: 3055: 3039: 3038: 3026: 3022: 3013: 3012: 3008: 2995: 2994: 2990: 2981: 2980: 2976: 2969: 2953: 2949: 2939: 2937: 2929: 2928: 2924: 2916: 2912: 2902: 2900: 2890: 2886: 2873: 2871: 2853: 2849: 2839: 2837: 2829: 2828: 2824: 2814: 2812: 2805: 2801: 2800: 2796: 2779: 2775: 2765: 2763: 2754: 2753: 2749: 2739: 2737: 2724: 2723: 2719: 2708: 2704: 2689: 2685: 2675: 2673: 2655: 2651: 2641: 2639: 2631: 2626: 2622: 2612: 2610: 2599: 2595: 2588: 2574: 2570: 2560: 2558: 2555:"Car Companies" 2553: 2552: 2548: 2538: 2536: 2527: 2526: 2522: 2513: 2512: 2508: 2493: 2489: 2482: 2468: 2464: 2454: 2452: 2445: 2441: 2422: 2418: 2403: 2399: 2389: 2387: 2377: 2373: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2343: 2339: 2332: 2310: 2306: 2301:. 14 June 2015. 2297: 2296: 2292: 2283: 2281: 2270: 2266: 2256: 2254: 2245: 2244: 2237: 2217: 2213: 2206: 2192: 2188: 2178: 2176: 2167: 2166: 2162: 2158:, p. 1166. 2154: 2147: 2137: 2135: 2134:on 12 July 2001 2126: 2125: 2121: 2112: 2108: 2103: 2099: 2089: 2087: 2079: 2078: 2074: 2064: 2062: 2054: 2053: 2049: 2039: 2037: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2009: 1997: 1991: 1975: 1970: 1912: 1841: 1801: 1776: 1767: 1683: 1658: 1647: 1641: 1638: 1627: 1614: 1610: 1603: 1586: 1570:airport shuttle 1558: 1357: 1349:Main articles: 1347: 1308: 1256: 1230: 1198: 1193: 1168: 1029: 976: 970: 962: 956: 889: 843: 832: 826: 823: 808: 792: 773: 756:Toyota JPN Taxi 678:, (such as the 644: 615:Joseph Gallieni 611:First World War 592: 486: 484:Modern taxicabs 478:Blackburn Riots 400: 336: 331: 311:Thurn and Taxis 295:, then renamed 286:convertible car 162: 82:, is a type of 44: 37: 30: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7234: 7224: 7223: 7206: 7205: 7191: 7188: 7187: 7185: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7132:Land transport 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7098: 7096: 7092: 7091: 7089: 7088: 7083: 7078: 7073: 7067: 7065: 7059: 7058: 7056: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7033:Transit police 7030: 7025: 7020: 7015: 7013:Rail subsidies 7010: 7005: 7000: 6994: 6992: 6988: 6987: 6985: 6984: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6948: 6946: 6942: 6941: 6939: 6938: 6933: 6928: 6923: 6918: 6912: 6910: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6885:Network length 6882: 6877: 6871: 6869: 6865: 6864: 6862: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6849:Ticket machine 6846: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6772: 6770:Fare avoidance 6767: 6762: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6741: 6739: 6728: 6727: 6725: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6699: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6652:Ferry terminal 6649: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6603: 6601: 6597: 6596: 6594: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6561:Moving walkway 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6532: 6531: 6526: 6516: 6511: 6505: 6503: 6497: 6496: 6494: 6493: 6488: 6486:Moving walkway 6483: 6478: 6472: 6470: 6463: 6462: 6460: 6459: 6454: 6453: 6452: 6447: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6415:Aerial tramway 6411: 6409: 6403: 6402: 6400: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6363: 6361: 6355: 6354: 6352: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6325: 6323: 6317: 6316: 6314: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6293: 6288: 6283: 6278: 6273: 6268: 6263: 6258: 6253: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6227: 6226: 6221: 6211: 6209:Cycle rickshaw 6206: 6201: 6196: 6190: 6188: 6180: 6179: 6177: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6159:Street running 6156: 6151: 6150: 6149: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6073: 6072: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6047: 6042: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6016: 6015: 6004: 6002: 5996: 5995: 5993: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5967: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5946: 5945: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5904: 5903: 5898: 5887: 5885: 5879: 5878: 5871: 5870: 5863: 5856: 5848: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5835: 5830: 5825: 5819: 5816: 5815: 5813: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5767: 5762: 5756: 5754: 5740: 5739: 5737: 5736: 5729: 5722: 5719:Mid-four-wheel 5715: 5708: 5701: 5694: 5687: 5680: 5673: 5666: 5664: 5654: 5653: 5651: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5634: 5632: 5626: 5625: 5623: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5581: 5579: 5573: 5572: 5570: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5534: 5529: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5489: 5483: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5433: 5431: 5425: 5424: 5422: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5355: 5353: 5347: 5346: 5344: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5306:Shooting brake 5303: 5298: 5296:Saloon / Sedan 5293: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5147: 5145: 5139: 5138: 5135: 5134: 5132: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5111: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5085: 5083: 5077: 5076: 5074: 5073: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5053: 5048: 5042: 5040: 5036: 5035: 5033: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4991: 4989: 4983: 4982: 4980: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4958: 4956: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4930: 4928: 4922: 4921: 4919: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4902: 4900: 4894: 4893: 4891: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4864: 4862: 4856: 4855: 4853: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4811: 4809: 4802: 4800:Classification 4796: 4795: 4787: 4786: 4779: 4772: 4764: 4755: 4754: 4751: 4750: 4739: 4738: 4735: 4734: 4732: 4731: 4725: 4723: 4719: 4718: 4716: 4715: 4710: 4704: 4702: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4694: 4692:Taxi medallion 4689: 4684: 4679: 4673: 4671: 4667: 4666: 4659: 4657: 4655: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4619: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4602:Cycle rickshaw 4599: 4594: 4588: 4586: 4582: 4581: 4576: 4573: 4572: 4565: 4564: 4557: 4550: 4542: 4523: 4522:External links 4520: 4518: 4517: 4491: 4477: 4465:www.theseus.fi 4448: 4422: 4396: 4367: 4336: 4301: 4257: 4219: 4196: 4180: 4143: 4121: 4099: 4069: 4043: 4031: 4015: 3976: 3905: 3854: 3843:(3): 270–289. 3823: 3800: 3774: 3748: 3725: 3699: 3676: 3653: 3628: 3602: 3576: 3546: 3520: 3494: 3468: 3441: 3415: 3389: 3378:on 29 May 2010 3360: 3347:HybridCars.com 3331: 3306: 3279: 3268:on 1 July 2008 3253: 3226: 3201: 3189: 3165: 3146: 3128: 3114: 3100: 3081: 3067: 3053: 3034:www.qld.gov.au 3020: 3006: 2988: 2974: 2967: 2947: 2935:www.goutcc.org 2922: 2920:. Xinhua News. 2910: 2884: 2847: 2822: 2794: 2773: 2747: 2717: 2702: 2683: 2649: 2620: 2609:on 15 May 2008 2593: 2586: 2568: 2546: 2520: 2517:. 9 July 2012. 2506: 2487: 2480: 2462: 2439: 2416: 2397: 2371: 2357: 2337: 2330: 2304: 2290: 2264: 2235: 2220:Gilbey, Walter 2211: 2204: 2186: 2160: 2145: 2119: 2106: 2097: 2072: 2047: 2020: 2018: 2015: 2014: 2013: 2007: 1995: 1989: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1968: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1946:Taxicab number 1943: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1924:Carry On Cabby 1920: 1913: 1911: 1908: 1840: 1837: 1800: 1797: 1793:price ceilings 1775: 1772: 1766: 1763: 1751:command prices 1732: 1731: 1703: 1702: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1682: 1679: 1660: 1659: 1617: 1615: 1608: 1602: 1599: 1585: 1582: 1557: 1554: 1524:Toyota Corolla 1365:hybrid taxicab 1346: 1343: 1307: 1304: 1255: 1252: 1234:driver licence 1229: 1226: 1225: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1209: 1206: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1167: 1164: 1028: 1025: 969: 966: 960:Taxicab livery 958:Main article: 955: 952: 895:Three-wheeled 888: 885: 881:London's taxis 845: 844: 795: 793: 786: 772: 769: 643: 640: 591: 588: 568:two-way radios 485: 482: 399: 396: 335: 332: 330: 327: 208:Medieval Latin 161: 158: 149: 148: 142: 124: 121: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7233: 7222: 7219: 7218: 7216: 7203: 7202: 7197: 7189: 7183: 7182:Micromobility 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7127:Hail and ride 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7099: 7097: 7093: 7087: 7084: 7082: 7079: 7077: 7074: 7072: 7069: 7068: 7066: 7060: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7009: 7006: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6995: 6993: 6989: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6949: 6947: 6943: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6913: 6911: 6907: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6878: 6876: 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6474: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6464: 6458: 6455: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6443: 6442: 6441: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6425:Cable railway 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6412: 6410: 6408: 6404: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6364: 6362: 6360: 6356: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6326: 6324: 6322: 6318: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6279: 6277: 6274: 6272: 6269: 6267: 6264: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6216: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6191: 6189: 6187: 6181: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6154:Regional rail 6152: 6148: 6145: 6144: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6071: 6068: 6067: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6035:Commuter rail 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6014: 6011: 6010: 6009: 6006: 6005: 6003: 6001: 5997: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5944: 5941: 5940: 5939: 5938:Intercity bus 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5893: 5892: 5889: 5888: 5886: 5884: 5880: 5876: 5869: 5864: 5862: 5857: 5855: 5850: 5849: 5846: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5820: 5817: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5780:Reciprocating 5778: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5758: 5757: 5755: 5751: 5745: 5741: 5734: 5730: 5727: 5723: 5720: 5716: 5713: 5709: 5706: 5702: 5699: 5698:Rear mid-rear 5695: 5692: 5688: 5685: 5681: 5678: 5674: 5671: 5668: 5667: 5665: 5659: 5655: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5636: 5635: 5633: 5631: 5627: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5582: 5580: 5578: 5574: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5542: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5527: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5497: 5493: 5490: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5426: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5356: 5354: 5348: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5311:Station wagon 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5201:Coupé utility 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5140: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5086: 5084: 5082: 5078: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5049: 5047: 5044: 5043: 5041: 5037: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5015:Sport compact 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4992: 4990: 4988: 4984: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4959: 4957: 4955: 4951: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4927: 4926:Minivan / MPV 4923: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4903: 4901: 4899: 4895: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4865: 4863: 4861: 4857: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4797: 4792: 4785: 4780: 4778: 4773: 4771: 4766: 4765: 4762: 4749: 4741: 4740: 4736: 4730: 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3932: 3930: 3928: 3926: 3924: 3922: 3920: 3918: 3916: 3914: 3912: 3910: 3901: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3858: 3850: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3834: 3827: 3811: 3804: 3788: 3784: 3778: 3762: 3758: 3752: 3736: 3729: 3713: 3709: 3703: 3687: 3680: 3664: 3657: 3641: 3635: 3633: 3617: 3613: 3606: 3590: 3586: 3580: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3550: 3534: 3530: 3524: 3509: 3505: 3498: 3483: 3479: 3472: 3456: 3452: 3449:Gober, Fred. 3445: 3430: 3426: 3419: 3404: 3400: 3393: 3377: 3373: 3367: 3365: 3348: 3344: 3338: 3336: 3319: 3313: 3311: 3294: 3290: 3283: 3267: 3263: 3257: 3241: 3237: 3230: 3215: 3214:CarAdvice.com 3211: 3205: 3198: 3193: 3175: 3169: 3162: 3158: 3155: 3150: 3142: 3138: 3132: 3124: 3118: 3110: 3104: 3096: 3092: 3085: 3077: 3071: 3063: 3057: 3049: 3043: 3035: 3031: 3024: 3016: 3010: 3002: 2998: 2992: 2984: 2978: 2970: 2968:9781138268739 2964: 2960: 2959: 2951: 2936: 2932: 2926: 2919: 2914: 2899: 2895: 2888: 2881: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2851: 2836: 2832: 2826: 2811: 2804: 2798: 2790: 2789: 2784: 2777: 2761: 2757: 2751: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2721: 2713: 2706: 2698: 2694: 2687: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2653: 2637: 2630: 2624: 2608: 2604: 2597: 2589: 2583: 2579: 2572: 2556: 2550: 2535:. 8 July 2007 2534: 2530: 2524: 2516: 2510: 2502: 2498: 2491: 2483: 2481:9780914659181 2477: 2473: 2466: 2450: 2443: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2420: 2412: 2408: 2401: 2386: 2382: 2375: 2360: 2354: 2350: 2349: 2341: 2333: 2331:9780773438514 2327: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2308: 2300: 2294: 2279: 2275: 2268: 2252: 2248: 2242: 2240: 2231: 2227: 2226: 2221: 2215: 2207: 2205:9780141978529 2201: 2197: 2190: 2175:. 23 May 1907 2174: 2170: 2164: 2157: 2152: 2150: 2133: 2129: 2123: 2116: 2115:The Histories 2110: 2101: 2086: 2082: 2076: 2061: 2057: 2051: 2036: 2032: 2025: 2021: 2010: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1990:2-221-07862-4 1986: 1982: 1977: 1976: 1966: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1949: 1947: 1944: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1926: 1925: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1914: 1907: 1905: 1900: 1898: 1893: 1891: 1886: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1871: 1869: 1864: 1862: 1858: 1853: 1850: 1844: 1836: 1833: 1828: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1814: 1809: 1807: 1806:price gouging 1796: 1794: 1788: 1787:these areas. 1784: 1780: 1771: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1752: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1729: 1728: 1727: 1722: 1717: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1700: 1697: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1687: 1686: 1675: 1671: 1666: 1656: 1653: 1645: 1635: 1634:the talk page 1631: 1625: 1623: 1618:This section 1616: 1607: 1606: 1598: 1594: 1591: 1581: 1577: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1553: 1551: 1546: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1527: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1512: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1489: 1487: 1483: 1482:Clean Air Cab 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1462: 1458: 1456: 1451: 1448:taxis and 12 1447: 1442: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1427: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1406:flexible-fuel 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1383: 1382:electric taxi 1380: 1376: 1375:Kumamoto City 1372: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1352: 1342: 1338: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1324:flexible-fuel 1321: 1317: 1312: 1303: 1301: 1300:The Knowledge 1295: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1272: 1269: 1265: 1260: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1203: 1202: 1201: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1173: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1153: 1147: 1145: 1139: 1135: 1132: 1128: 1120: 1115: 1111: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1086: 1081: 1075: 1070: 1064: 1059: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1039: 1033: 1024: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1001: 998: 994: 988: 984: 980: 975: 974:Taxicab stand 965: 961: 951: 947: 945: 941: 937: 933: 929: 925: 917: 912: 906: 902: 898: 893: 884: 882: 876: 874: 870: 865: 863: 855: 851: 841: 838: 830: 820: 816: 812: 806: 805: 801: 796:This section 794: 790: 785: 784: 777: 768: 766: 762: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 740:New York City 736: 734: 730: 729:accessibility 726: 722: 718: 713: 710: 705: 704:Mercedes-Benz 701: 697: 693: 689: 686:(such as the 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 660: 653: 648: 639: 637: 633: 628: 623: 620: 619:Les Invalides 616: 612: 608: 601: 596: 587: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 565: 560: 558: 554: 551: 546: 542: 541:Walter Bersey 538: 534: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 502: 495: 490: 481: 479: 475: 471: 466: 464: 463:New York City 460: 459:St Petersburg 456: 452: 448: 444: 439: 437: 433: 428: 424: 420: 419:Joseph Hansom 416: 409: 406:Drawing of a 404: 395: 393: 389: 385: 381: 376: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 340: 326: 324: 320: 316: 312: 307: 305: 304:New York City 300: 298: 294: 289: 287: 283: 279: 275: 272: 268: 264: 256: 252: 248: 244: 236: 232: 229: 228:Ancient Greek 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 188: 183: 182: 177: 170: 166: 157: 155: 146: 143: 140: 136: 132: 128: 125: 122: 119: 115: 112: 111: 110: 107: 105: 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 64: 58: 57:New York City 54: 50: 46: 41: 34: 19: 7192: 7167:Timing point 7152:Request stop 7095:Other topics 6952:Bus bunching 6936:Travel class 6895:Radial route 6875:Circle route 6859:Transit pass 6820:Penalty fare 6780:Fare evasion 6775:Fare capping 6760:Dead mileage 6717:Transit mall 6440:Gondola lift 6305: 6219:Microtransit 6127:People mover 6040:Circle route 5955:Open top bus 5918:Circle route 5620:Twelve-wheel 5577:Drive wheels 5350:Specialized 5271:Pickup truck 5176:Cabrio coach 5020:Sports sedan 4995:Grand tourer 4568: 4525: 4508:. 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