338:
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601:. Before moving to the United States in 1951, he lived in Germany, where VLIK was revived. Kairys attempted to gain political support for a democratic socialist opposition among other exiles and expatriates. For the last decade of his life, he battled illness and could not fully participate in various political organizations. Two volumes of his memoirs were published. He died in 1964 in New York. Kairys was reinterred in
33:
529:
presence in the state. The
Germans promised to recognize the state if the council agreed to form a firm and permanent federation with Germany. The council issued a declaration to that effect on 11 December 1917. However, Germany did not keep its word and did not recognize the state. The council was
483:
in 1900. The party had already separated itself from the
Russian Social Democrats and sought independence for Lithuania. Kairys was elected to the Central Committee of the party next year and remained in the leadership roles until the party ceased its activities in 1944. During the
533:
The council proceeded to negotiate with
Germany, which now demanded to void the 16 February decision and recognized the state based on the 11 December declaration. On 13 July 1918, the council, in hopes to avoid being incorporated into a personal union with the
288:. Due to conflicts with the academic administration concerning his participation in student clubs and dissident demonstrations, his studies were intermittently interrupted. Following graduation he worked for several years in railroad construction in the
530:
torn apart and Kairys with the three others socialists withdrew on 26 January 1918. However, on 16 February 1918 they returned to sign the Act of
Independence of Lithuania. The act did not mention anything in specific about relations to Germany.
236:
1103:
909:
492:
as a member of presidium. The Great Seimas clearly expressed
Lithuania's intentions to become an independent state, or at least to gain considerable autonomy from the Russian Empire.
499:
in
Lithuanian, in which, based on the sources, he briefly described the social system and the Constitution of the then Japan, which is why he is often called the first Lithuanian
593:) was formed and Kairys became its chairman in 1943. The organization united people of different political views. In April 1944 majority of the members were arrested by the
1108:
902:
1118:
466:
525:. The council was formed by the conference to declare and establish independence of Lithuania. The task, however, was extremely tough because of the German
895:
935:
265:
546:. This was unacceptable for Kairys and he left the council, this time permanently. However, he remained active in the politics: he was elected to the
1083:
578:
517:
After the German occupation during the war, Kairys became actively involved with people seeking independence for
Lithuania. In 1917, he attended the
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In 1942, together with his wife, Ona
Kairiene, Kairys sheltered 11-year-old Anusė Keilsonaitė, a Jewish girl from the
838:
547:
555:
927:
722:
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305:
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regions of Russia. He returned to
Lithuania in 1912 and worked on city sanitation and water supply systems in
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In 1907, Kairys helped the five
Lithuanian social democrats elected to the second
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281:
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738:
701:
653:
114:
1062:
973:
357:
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875:. New York: Amerikos Lietuvių Socialdemokratiu Sąjungos Literatūros Fondas.
855:. New York: Amerikos Lietuvių Socialdemokratiu Sąjungos Literatūros Fondas.
316:
in Kaunas, where in 1940, he received an honorary doctorate in engineering.
613:
571:
539:
790:. Vol. III. Boston, Massachusetts: Juozas Kapočius. pp. 17–19.
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887:
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367:
214:
249:
110:
597:. Kairys changed his name to Juozas Kaminskas and tried to escape to
526:
253:
1104:
Members of the Executive of the Labour and Socialist International
795:
594:
297:
880:
860:
807:
606:
598:
551:
309:
496:
293:
32:
514:, Kairys worked to promote his party and social democracy.
507:
268:
the Act of Independence of Lithuania on 16 February 1918.
284:, Kairys graduated from the Institute of Technology in
784:
Simas Sužiedėlis, ed. (1970–1978). "Steponas Kairys".
783:
495:In 1906, he published the first publications about
579:Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania
1060:
248:20 December 1878] 1879 in Užnevėžiai near
16:Lithuanian engineer and politician (1879–1964)
903:
460:
1119:Academic staff of Vytautas Magnus University
692:. Melville, NY. 17 December 1964. p. 52
587:Vyriausiasis Lietuvos išlaisvinimo komitetas
1109:People from Anykščiai District Municipality
616:. For this, both of them were later deemed
910:
896:
467:
453:
31:
729:. Chicago, IL. 9 November 1917. p. 4
644:. Chicago, IL. 12 October 1915. p. 2
1084:Lithuanian refugees in the United States
917:
764:The Righteous Among the Nations Database
521:, where he was elected to the 20-member
828:
205: 1923; died 1958)
182: 1912; died 1916)
71:12 April 1919 – 7 October 1919
55:2 June 1926 – 17 December 1926
1129:Lithuanian Righteous Among the Nations
1061:
870:
850:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
891:
271:
150:Social Democratic Party of Lithuania
1099:Members of the Council of Lithuania
667:
510:write speeches and letters. Before
319:
13:
822:
760:"Kairys Juozas & Kairienė Ona"
481:Lithuanian Social Democratic Party
219:Technology Institute of Petersburg
14:
1140:
1079:Lithuanian independence activists
1047:
833:(in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Vaga.
744:
707:
686:"Steponas Kairys, Patriot Exile"
659:
562:placed Kairys in an opposition.
336:
1124:Burials at Petrašiūnai Cemetery
312:. After 1923, he taught at the
202:
179:
752:
715:
630:
558:. The authoritarian regime of
306:temporary capital of Lithuania
1:
1114:People from Vilkomirsky Uyezd
623:
302:Polish occupation of the city
44:Deputy Speaker of the Seimas
7:
829:Ilgūnas, Gediminas (2002).
618:Righteous Among the Nations
565:
260:engineer, nationalist, and
60:Minister of Supply and Food
10:
1145:
1024:Kazimieras Steponas Šaulys
723:"Lietuvos Landrato Nariai"
486:Russian Revolution of 1905
1045:
934:
925:
871:Kairys, Steponas (1964).
851:Kairys, Steponas (1957).
690:Newsday (Suffolk Edition)
638:"Prusų Lietuvių Šelpimas"
488:, he participated in the
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1014:Aleksandras Stulginskis
490:Great Seimas of Vilnius
314:University of Lithuania
787:Encyclopedia Lituanica
586:
252:– 16 December 1964 in
1094:Lithuanian socialists
575:invasion of Lithuania
1089:Lithuanian engineers
989:Stanisław Narutowicz
919:Council of Lithuania
603:Petrašiūnai Cemetery
548:Constituent Assembly
536:Hohenzollern dynasty
523:Council of Lithuania
300:, and following the
141:Petrašiūnai Cemetery
1009:Justinas Staugaitis
979:Donatas Malinauskas
944:Saliamonas Banaitis
928:Act of Independence
556:coup d'état of 1926
264:. He was among the
82:Mykolas Sleževičius
1004:Jonas Smilgevičius
949:Jonas Basanavičius
519:Vilnius Conference
479:Kairys joined the
363:Seven Laws of Noah
278:Anykščiai district
272:Engineering career
131:Brooklyn, New York
1056:
1055:
1034:Jonas Vailokaitis
994:Alfonsas Petrulis
964:Pranas Dovydaitis
806:(in Lithuanian).
804:"Steponas Kairys"
544:King of Lithuania
477:
476:
330:Among the Nations
244:; January 3 [
227:
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168:Alaiza Pashkevich
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954:Mykolas Biržiška
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642:Amerikos Lietuva
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469:
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353:Rescuers of Jews
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320:Political career
286:Saint Petersburg
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124:16 December 1964
109:Užnevėžiai near
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92:Personal details
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999:Antanas Smetona
969:Steponas Kairys
959:Kazys Bizauskas
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868:(in Lithuanian)
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831:Steponas Kairys
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823:Further reading
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1039:Jonas Vileišis
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1019:Jurgis Šaulys
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974:Petras Klimas
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853:Lietuva budo
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811:. Retrieved
785:
768:. Retrieved
766:. Yad Vashem
763:
754:
737:– via
731:. Retrieved
726:
717:
700:– via
694:. Retrieved
689:
652:– via
646:. Retrieved
641:
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614:Vilna Ghetto
611:
590:
569:
540:Mindaugas II
532:
516:
505:
501:japonologist
494:
478:
304:left to the
276:Born in the
275:
229:
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192:Ona Leonaitė
126:(1964-12-16)
66:
50:
18:
1074:1964 deaths
1069:1879 births
770:26 December
554:before the
512:World War I
152:(1900–1935)
1063:Categories
813:8 December
624:References
583:Lithuanian
538:, elected
411:Lithuanian
377:By country
368:Yad Vashem
280:, then in
258:Lithuanian
215:Alma mater
103:1879-01-03
796:74-114275
527:Wehrmacht
441:Ukrainian
416:Norwegian
406:Hungarian
328:Righteous
67:In office
51:In office
881:65081919
861:58034452
733:2 August
648:1 August
566:In exile
431:Romanian
391:Croatian
386:Austrian
256:) was a
254:Brooklyn
936:Members
727:Lietuva
696:31 July
595:Gestapo
436:Serbian
298:Vilnius
250:Ukmergė
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157:Spouses
111:Ukmergė
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859:
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808:Seimas
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607:Kaunas
599:Sweden
577:, the
572:Soviet
552:Seimas
421:Polish
401:German
310:Kaunas
290:Samara
133:, U.S.
497:Japan
396:Czech
294:Kursk
201:(
197:
178:(
174:
877:LCCN
857:LCCN
835:ISBN
815:2006
792:LCCN
772:2019
735:2023
698:2023
650:2023
591:VLIK
508:Duma
425:list
292:and
246:O.S.
121:Died
97:Born
605:of
589:or
542:as
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669:^
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609:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
