180:: Reincarnating living Buddhas should carry out application and approval procedures. The application and approval procedure is: the management organization at the monastery applying for the living Buddha reincarnation where the monk is registered, or the local Buddhist Association, should submit applications for reincarnations to the local religious affairs departments at the level of people's government above county-level; once the people's government above county-level has made suggestions, the people's government religious affairs department reports upwards, and examination and approval shall be made by the provincial or autonomous regional people's government religious affairs department. Living Buddha reincarnations who have a relatively large impact shall be reported to the provincial or autonomous regional people's government for approval; those with a great impact shall be reported to the State Administration for Religious Affairs for approval; those with a particularly great impact shall be reported to the State Council for approval.
195:: Once an application for a living Buddha's reincarnation has received approval, depending on the size of the living Buddha's impact, the corresponding Buddhist Association shall establish a reincarnation guidance team; the management organization at the monastery where the living Buddha is registered, or the corresponding Buddhist Association, shall establish a search team to look for the reincarnate soul child, and search affairs shall be carried out under the leadership of the guidance team.
237:: Persons and units who are responsible for being in contravention of these measures and who without authority carry out living Buddha reincarnation affairs, shall be dealt administrative sanction by the people's government religious affairs departments in accordance with stipulations in the “Regulations on Religious Affairs”; when a crime has been constituted, criminal responsibility shall be pursued.
218:: Once a reincarnating living Buddha soul child has been recognized, it shall be reported the provincial or autonomous regional people's government religious affairs department for approval; those with a great impact shall be reported to the State Administration for Religious Affairs for approval; those with a particularly great impact shall be reported to the State Council for approval.
243:: When the reincarnating living Buddha has been installed the management organization at the monastery where he is registered shall formulate a training plan, recommend a scripture teacher, and submit the plan to the local Buddhist Association, which shall report upward to the provincial or autonomous regional people's government religious affairs department for approval.
269:
process cannot be influenced by any group or individual from outside the country." It also requires that temples which apply for reincarnation of a living Buddha must be "legally-registered venues for
Tibetan Buddhism activities and are capable of fostering and offering proper means of support for the living Buddha."
135:: These measures have been formulated in accordance with the “Regulations on Religious Affairs” in order to guarantee citizens’ freedom of religious belief, to respect Tibetan Buddhism's practice of inheriting living Buddha positions, and to regulate the management of living Buddha reincarnation affairs.
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used a golden urn. In 1877, request to exempt the 13th Dalai Lama from using lot-drawing process was approved by the
Central Government. On 26 January 1940, the Regent Reting Rinpoche requested the Central Government to exempt Lhamo Dhondup from lot-drawing process using Golden Urn to become the 14th
298:
reported the new rules are "an important move to institutionalise management of reincarnation of living
Buddhas". Tulkus are indeed an important element in Tibetan Buddhism, forming a clergy of influential religious figures. It is believed they are continuously reincarnated to take up their positions
741:
In the third year of
Guangxu (1877), the eighth Panchen Lama Danbai Wangxiu and the regent Delin Hutuktu, all monks and lay officials from the Three Great Temples and Tashilhunpo Monastery jointly asked the Minister in Tibet to transfer to the court. Since only one soul boy has been selected, and it
405:
Lama instead of the
Khalkha Mongol which they wanted to be appointed. The decision was first protested against by the Outer Mongol Khalkha nobles and then the Khalkhas sought to have him placed at a distance from them at Dolonnor, but Qianlong snubbed both of their requests, sending the message that
809:
officials allowed the amban announced that the Urn had been used to satisfy the
Emperor, despite the reality that the Urn had not been employed. The enthronement took place on eighth day of the eighth month of the water-horse-year of the fourteenth sexagenary cycle, and was supervised by the regent.
281:
The state-run China Daily reported the regulations are composed of 14 articles, including the principle, conditions, approval procedures, the duties and responsibilities of religious groups for reincarnation as well as punishment for those violating the regulations. They allegedly guarantee normal
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The
Beijing government thus forced a delay in the confirmation process, and Tsultrim Gyatso, who had been brought to Lhasa in 1821, was not officially confirmed until 1822; whether or not the Urn was used remains a point of controversy in Tibetan history. According to Tibetan historians Tibetan
268:
must get government approval, otherwise they are "illegal or invalid". The decree states, "It is an important move to institutionalize management on reincarnation of living
Buddhas. The selection of reincarnates must preserve national unity and solidarity of all ethnic groups and the selection
211:
Requests not to use drawing lots from the golden urn shall be reported by the provincial or autonomous regional people's government religious affairs departments to the State
Administration of Religious Affairs for approval; cases with a particularly large impact shall be reported to the State
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has been recognized by all parties, please be exempt from signing the golden bottle. In March of that year, Emperor
Guangxu issued a decree: "Lob Zangtab, son of Gongga Rinqin, opened Jiamucuo, that is, as the call of the Dalai Lama, Bielehan, there is no need to make a lottery."
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Reincarnating living Buddhas who have been approved by the provincial or autonomous regional people's government religious affairs departments or by the autonomous regional people's government shall be reported to the State Administration of Religious Affairs to be put on
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Reincarnation Applications have to be submitted to four governmental bodies for approval, specifically the religious affairs department of the provincial-level government, the provincial-level government, State Administration for Religious Affairs, and the State Council.
162:(3) The monastery applying for the living Buddha reincarnation must be the monastery at which the living Buddha monk is registered, it must be registered as a Tibetan Buddhist place of religious activity, and it must have the ability to train and raise living Buddhas.
249:: Provinces and autonomous regions which are involved in affairs of reincarnating living Buddhas may formulate and implement detailed measures in accordance these measures, and report them to the State Administration of Religious Affairs to be put on record.
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These “Management measures for the reincarnation of living Buddhas in Tibetan Buddhism” were passed at the administrative affairs conference of the State Administration of Religious Affairs on July 13, 2007, and will be implemented on September 1,
141:: Reincarnating living Buddhas should respect and protect the principles of the unification of the state, protecting the unity of the minorities, protecting religious concord and social harmony, and protecting the normal order of Tibetan Buddhism.
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The China Daily also reported the State Administration for Religious Affairs said, "The government only administrate religious affairs related to state and the public interests and will not interfere in the pure internal religious affairs".
302:
According to the Chinese government, the decree was allegedly implemented in response to clergy's protests about the reincarnation of living Buddhas "against religious ritual and historical convention". According to the CCP-run
228:: When the reincarnating living Buddha is installed, a representative of the approving authority shall read out the documents of approval, and the corresponding Buddhist Association shall issue a living Buddha permit.
756:"Report to Wu Zhongxin from the Regent Reting Rinpoche Regarding the Process of Searching and Recognizing the Thirteenth Dalai lama's Reincarnated Soul Boy as well as the Request for an Exemption to Drawing Lots"
198:
The reincarnate soul child shall be recognized by the provincial or autonomous regional Buddhist Association or the China Buddhist Association in accordance with religious rituals and historically established
144:
Reincarnating living Buddhas should respect the religious rituals and historically established systems of Tibetan Buddhism, but may not re-establish feudal privileges which have already been abolished.
189:: When there is debate over the size of a living Buddha's impact, the China Buddhist Association shall officiate, and report to the State Administration of Religious Affairs to be put on the record.
559:
774:"Executive Yuan's Report to the National Government Regarding the Request to Approve Lhamo Thondup to Succeed the Fourteenth Dalai lama and to Appropriate Expenditure for His Enthronement"
496:
208:: Living Buddhas which have historically been recognized by drawing lots from the golden urn shall have their reincarnating soul children recognized by drawing lots from the golden urn.
401:
Mongol nobles' power was deliberately undermined by Qianlong when he appointed the Tibetan Ishi-damba-nima of the Lithang royal family of the eastern Tibetans as the 3rd reincarnated
299:
anew. Often there is more than one candidate competing to be recognised as the actual reincarnation, and the authority to decide who is the true claimant carries significant power.
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he was putting an end to Outer Mongolian autonomy. The decision to make Tibet the only place where the reincarnation came from was intentional by the Qing to curtail the Mongols.
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Living Buddha permits shall uniformly be issued by the China Buddhist Association and reported to the State Administration of Religious Affairs to be put on record.
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65:
Order No. 5 states that a Reincarnation Application must be filed by all Buddhist temples in that country before they are allowed to recognize individuals as
202:
No group or individual may without authorization carry out any activities related to searching for or recognizing reincarnating living Buddha soul children.
598:
599:"Measures on the Management of the Reincarnation of Living Buddhas in Tibetan Buddhism (ICT Translation) | Congressional-Executive Commission on China"
1001:
83:
and other spiritual leaders can consciously influence their rebirths, and often are reborn many times to continue their spiritual pursuits. These
654:
675:
460:
96:
Notice of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Improving Several Issues Concerning Religious Work
737:光绪三年（一八七七年），由八世班禅丹白旺秀和摄政王公德林呼图克图、三大寺和扎什伦布寺的全体僧俗官员，联名要求驻藏大臣转奏朝廷，以只选定了一名灵童，且经各方公认，请免予金瓶制签。当年三月，光绪帝谕旨:"贡噶仁钦之子罗布藏塔布开甲木措，即作为达赖喇嘛之呼毕勒罕，毋庸制签，钦此。"
495:[State Religious Affairs Bureau Order (No. 5) Measures on the Management of the Reincarnation of Living Buddhas] (in Chinese).
59:
183:
Verification and authorization of the living Buddha application should solicit the opinions of the corresponding Buddhist Association.
391:
174:(2) Those in city-level people's governments and above with delineated districts, which ordered no reincarnations to be permitted.
309:, "over 1,000 living Buddhas" have been reincarnated through this "legal channel" in Tibet and other areas in China since 1991.
1006:
264:
On August 3, 2007, China's State Administration for Religious Affairs issued a decree that all the reincarnations of tulkus of
979:
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147:
Reincarnating living Buddhas shall not be interfered with or be under the dominion of any foreign organization or individual.
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Dalai Lama. The request was approved by the Central Government. It is disputed whether or not a golden urn was used for the
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religious activities of Tibetan Buddhism and protect the religious belief of Tibetan Buddhism followers according to law.
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435:
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During the historical priest and patron relationship between independent Tibet and the Chinese empire, documents mention
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156:(1) A majority of local religious believers and the monastery management organization must request the reincarnation;
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168:: Applicants to be reincarnating living Buddhas who have any of the following conditions may not be reincarnated:
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51:
31:
43:
23:
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reincarnations. In 1936, a golden urn was said to be used as a Method of Reincarnation of Lamas《喇嘛轉世辦法》by
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The Articles of the State Religious Affairs Bureau Order No. 5 are as follows, sourced from
8:
560:"New measures on reincarnation reveal communist party's objectives are political control"
171:(1) Reincarnations which are not regulated by the religious doctrine of Tibetan Buddhism;
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295:
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524:
40:
Measures on the Management of the Reincarnation of Living Buddhas in Tibetan Buddhism
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There were two golden urns prepared by the Qianlong Emperor. One is enshrined in
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159:(2) The inheritance lineage should be real and have continued to the present day;
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in Lhasa for choosing Dalai and Panchen Lama reincarnations, the other is in
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352:
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305:
98:(《中共中央、国务院关于进一步做好宗教工作若干问题的通知》》) published in 1991, which emphasizes the
937:
Empire of Emptiness: Buddhist Art and Political Authority in Qing China
903:
Empire of Emptiness: Buddhist Art and Political Authority in Qing China
415:
348:
336:
330:
971:
The Great Wall: The Extraordinary Story of China's Wonder of the World
780:. Museum of Tibetan Culture of China Tibetology Research Center. 1940.
762:. Museum of Tibetan Culture of China Tibetology Research Center. 1940.
450:
153:: Reincarnating living Buddhas should have the following conditions:
398:
383:
940:(illustrated ed.). University of Hawaii Press. p. 17.
906:(illustrated ed.). University of Hawaii Press. p. 26.
371:., but Lot-drawing result was reported and approved by emperor.
62:
on 13 July 2007, marked for implementation on 1 September 2007.
426:
29-Article Ordinance for the More Effective Governing of Tibet
520:"In China, the state decides who can come back from the dead"
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Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China
324:
255:: These measures shall be implemented from September 1, 2007.
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66:
80:
312:
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are referred to in sources translated from Chinese as
630:"Reincarnation of living Buddha needs gov't approval"
657:. Melbourne Herald. August 4, 2007. Archived from
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58:), is an order passed during a conference of the
993:
94:The order is based on the prior decree entitled
676:"Rule on living Buddhas aids religious freedom"
105:
819:
813:
823:The System of the Dalai Lama Reincarnation
712:"The Thirteenth Dalai Lama, Tubten Gyatso"
60:State Administration for Religious Affairs
20:State Religious Affairs Bureau Order No. 5
461:History of the People's Republic of China
967:
517:
485:
483:
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392:Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission
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792:"The Tenth Dalai Lama, Tsultrim Gyatso"
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347:to determine the reincarnation of the
1002:Law of the People's Republic of China
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313:Spiritual tradition versus golden urn
259:
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778:The Reincarnation of Living Buddhas
760:The Reincarnation of Living Buddhas
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436:Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama
13:
688:. 27 December 2007. Archived from
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14:
1038:
655:"Buddhas' reincarnation red tape"
578:"Reincarnation application news"
114:and from Chinese media sources:
112:International Campaign for Tibet
974:. Da Capo Press, Incorporated.
927:
893:
875:
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518:Jonathan, Kaiman (2016-03-08).
369:10th Dalai Lama Tsultrim Gyatso
102:control over religious issues.
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570:
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511:
276:
55:
47:
35:
27:
1:
1007:Tibetan Buddhism and politics
934:Berger, Patricia Ann (2003).
900:Berger, Patricia Ann (2003).
632:. China Daily. August 4, 2007
471:
364:14th Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso
360:13th Dalai Lama Tubten Gyatso
546:"中共中央、国务院关于进一步做好宗教工作若干问题的通知"
466:Freedom of religion in China
7:
409:
394:of the Central Government.
124:Bureau Director, Ye Xiaowen
10:
1043:
1027:Law about religion in Asia
968:John Man (4 August 2009).
328:
322:
316:
106:Order No. Five regulations
826:. 五洲传播出版社. pp. 80–.
492:国家宗教事务局令（第5号）藏传佛教活佛转世管理办法
289:
736:
491:
355:, in case of a dispute.
386:for choosing Mongolian
883:"喇嘛轉世辦法 - 维基文库，自由的图书馆"
388:Jebtsundamba Khutughtu
820:ChenQingying (2005).
796:The Treasury of Lives
716:The Treasury of Lives
431:Jebtsundamba Khutuktu
421:The Discourse of Lama
403:Jebtsundamba Khutuktu
212:Council for approval.
872:Foster 2008, pg. 171
854:. September 24, 2011
339:created by the Qing
38:), officially named
52:traditional Chinese
32:traditional Chinese
681:Xinhua News Agency
661:on April 23, 2008.
296:Xinhua News Agency
294:On 4 August 2007,
260:August 2007 Decree
44:simplified Chinese
24:simplified Chinese
16:Chinese regulation
1012:Buddhism in China
981:978-0-7867-3177-0
887:zh.wikisource.org
833:978-7-5085-0745-3
692:on 1 January 2008
525:Los Angeles Times
397:In Mongolia, the
77:Tibetan Buddhists
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1022:Buddhism and law
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562:. Archived from
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345:Emperor of China
341:Qianlong Emperor
266:Tibetan Buddhism
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852:14th Dalai Lama
848:"Reincarnation"
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566:on 2013-06-12.
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446:6th Dalai Lama
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376:Jokhang Temple
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1017:Religion law
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951:. Retrieved
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917:. Retrieved
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858:December 17,
856:. Retrieved
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800:. Retrieved
798:. 2011-11-02
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720:. Retrieved
718:. 2013-05-15
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694:. Retrieved
690:the original
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659:the original
634:. Retrieved
606:. Retrieved
603:www.cecc.gov
602:
593:
581:. Retrieved
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564:the original
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529:. Retrieved
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441:Yeshe Gyatso
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358:Neither the
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71:reincarnated
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56:藏傳佛教活佛轉世管理辦法
48:藏传佛教活佛转世管理办法
39:
19:
18:
686:China Daily
456:Bodhisattva
337:golden urns
306:China Daily
277:Regulations
73:teachers).
36:國家宗教事務局令第5號
28:国家宗教事务局令第5号
996:Categories
947:0824825632
913:0824825632
802:2023-11-17
722:2023-11-17
608:2023-08-26
531:2024-05-06
472:References
416:Golden Urn
349:Dalai Lama
331:Golden Urn
253:Article 14
247:Article 13
241:Article 12
235:Article 11
226:Article 10
636:August 9,
583:August 2,
451:Afterlife
216:Article 9
206:Article 8
193:Article 7
187:Article 6
178:Article 5
166:Article 4
151:Article 3
139:Article 2
133:Article 1
953:10 March
919:10 March
410:See also
362:nor the
351:and the
199:systems.
399:Khalkha
384:Beijing
222:record.
100:party's
978:
944:
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696:8 July
503:May 4,
290:Impact
85:tulkus
67:tulkus
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325:Tulku
119:2007.
81:lamas
976:ISBN
955:2014
942:ISBN
921:2014
908:ISBN
860:2015
828:ISBN
698:2015
638:2007
585:2007
505:2014
382:in
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