1896:); this path leads to the main shrine, which is surrounded by chapels. Only one of the temple murals remains, depicting the arrival of Queen Wencheng and an image of the Buddha. The image, brought by the king's Nepalese wife and initially kept at Ramoche, was moved to Jokhang and kept in the rear center of the inner temple. This Buddha has remained on a platform since the eighth century; on a number of occasions, it was moved for safekeeping. The image, amidst those of the king and his two consorts, has been gilded several times. In the main hall on the ground floor is a gilded bronze statue of Jowo Sakyamuni, 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) tall, representing the Buddha at age twelve. The image has a bejeweled crown, cover around its shoulder, a diamond on its forehead and wears a pearl-studded garment. The Buddha is seated in a
1947:
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1611:(memorial monument) suddenly emerged over which the temple was built. In another version of the legend, Queen Bhrikuti founded the temple to install the statue she had brought. The lake was filled, leaving a small pond now visible as a well fed by the ancient lake, and a temple was built on the filled area. Over the next nine centuries, the temple was enlarged; its last renovation was carried out in 1610 by the
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1866:, two on each side. The main shrine is on the ground floor. On the first floor are murals, residences for the monks and a private room for the Dalai Lama, and there are residences for the monks and chapels on all four sides of the shrine. The temple is made of wood and stone. Its architecture features the Tibetan Buddhist style, with influences from China, Indian
1539:
1587:. Telling the emperor that he would escalate his aggression unless the emperor agreed to his proposal, Songsten Gampo sent a conciliatory gift of a gold-studded "suit of armour" with another request for marriage. Taizong conceded, giving Princess Wencheng to the Tibetan king. When Wencheng went to Tibet in 640 as the Chinese wife of the king (known as
1720:
Tibetans, who come to worship Jowo in the temple's inner sanctum. During the
Revolution, the temple was spared destruction and was reportedly boarded up until 1979. At that time, portions of the Jokhang reportedly housed pigs, a slaughterhouse and Chinese army barracks. Soldiers burned historic Tibetan scriptures. For a time, it was a hotel.
1962:, victory flags and monstrous fish. The temple interior is a dark labyrinth of chapels, illuminated by votive candles and filled with incense. Although portions of the temple has been rebuilt, original elements remain. The wooden beams and rafters have been shown by carbon dating to be original, and the
1784:
On
February 17, 2018, the temple caught fire at 6:40 p.m. (local time), before sunset in Lhasa, with the blaze lasting until late that evening. Although photos and videos about the fire were spread on Chinese social media, which showed the eaved roof of a section of the building lit with roaring
1700:
drove the
Gorkhas from Tibet and the Tibetans were isolated from their neighbors. The period, lasting for more than a century, has been called "the Dark Age of Tibet". Pilgrimages outside the country were forbidden for Tibetans, and the Qianlong Emperor suggested that it would be equally effective to
1751:
delineating the boundary between their countries. Both inscriptions were enclosed by brick walls when
Barkhor Square was developed in 1985. The Sino-Tibetan treaty reads, "Tibet and China shall abide by the frontiers of which they are now in occupation. All to the east is the country of Great China;
1923:
In addition to the main hall and its adjoining halls, on both sides of the Buddha Hall are dozens of 20-square-metre (220 sq ft) chapels. The Prince of Dharma chapel is on the third floor, including sculptures of
Songtsen Gampo, Princess Wencheng, Princess Bhrikuti, Gar Tongtsan (the Tabo
1618:
The temple's design and construction are attributed to
Nepalese craftsmen. After Songtsen Gampo's death, Queen Wencheng reportedly moved the statue of Jowo from the Ramoche temple to the Jokhang temple to secure it from Chinese attack. The part of the temple known as the Chapel was the hiding place
1719:
attacked the
Jokhang in 1966, starting on August 24, and for a decade there was no worship in Tibetan monasteries. Renovation of the Jokhang began in 1972, and was mostly complete by 1980. After this and the end of persecution, the temple was re-consecrated. It is now visited by a large number of
1830:
The
Jokhang temple covers an area of 2.51 hectares (6.2 acres). When it was built during the seventh century, it had eight rooms on two floors to house scriptures and sculptures of the Buddha. The temple had brick-lined floors, columns and door frames and carvings made of wood. During the
1506:("Goats"), since goats were used to move earth during its construction. After the king's death, the city became known as Lhasa (Place of the Gods). Later, the temple was called the Jokhang —"House of the Jowo"— derived from Jowo Mikyo Dorje, its primary image. The Jokhang's
1752:
and all to the west is, without question, the country of Great Tibet. Henceforth on neither side shall there be waging of war nor seizing of territory. If any person incurs suspicion he shall be arrested; his business shall be inquired into and he shall be escorted back".
1942:
The temple complex has more than 3,000 images of the Buddha and other deities (including an 85-foot (26 m) image of the Buddha) and historical figures, in addition to manuscripts and other objects. The temple walls are decorated with religious and historical murals.
1606:
The oldest part of the temple was built in 652 by
Songtsen Gampo. To find a location for the temple, the king reportedly tossed his hat (a ring in another version) ahead of him with a promise to build a temple where the hat landed. It landed in a lake, where a white
1453:
attacked the
Jokhang temple in 1966 and for a decade there was no worship. During the Chinese development of Lhasa, the Barkhor Square in front of the temple was encroached. Renovation of the Jokhang took place from 1972 to 1980. In 2000, the Jokhang became a
1522:
King Songtsen Gampo (the first king of a unified Tibet, developed a plan to build twelve temples across the country. The temples were built in three stages. In the first stage central Tibet was covered with four temples, known as the "four horns"
1795:
published the same words online and added that there had been "no damage to relics" in the temple; both of these reports contained no photos. The temple was temporarily closed after the fire but were reopened to public on February 18.
1730:(inscribed pillars) outside the temple, flanking its north and south entrances, are worshiped by Tibetans. The first monument, a March 1794 edict known as the "Forever Following Tablet" in Chinese, records advice on hygiene to prevent
1734:; some has been chiseled out by Tibetans who believed that the stone itself had curative powers. The second, far older, pillar is 5.5 metres (18 ft) high with a crown in the shape of a palace and an inscription dated 821 or 822.
1630:), was hostile to Buddhism. During this time the image of Akshobya Buddha in the Jokhang temple was hidden underground, reportedly 200 people failed to locate it. The images in the Jokhang and Ramoche temples were moved to Jizong in
1973:
In addition to walking around the temple and spinning prayer wheels, pilgrims prostrate themselves before approaching the main deity; some crawl a considerable distance to the main shrine. The prayer chanted during this worship is
1858:. Additionally, the monastery's main gate faces west. The Jokhang is aligned along an axis, beginning with an arch gate and followed by the Buddha Hall, an enclosed passage, a cloister, atriums and a hostel for the
1549:
To forge ties with neighboring Nepal, Songtsen Gampo sent envoys to King Amsuvarman seeking his daughter's hand in marriage and the king accepted. His daughter, Bhrikuti, came to Tibet as the king's Nepalese wife
1738:
has a number of names; "Number One Tablet in Asia", "Lhasa Alliance Tablet", "Changing Alliance Tablet", "Uncle and Nephew Alliance Tablet" and the "Tang Dynasty-Tubo Peace Alliance Tablet". Its inscription, in
1634:, and the monks were persecuted and driven from Jokhang. During the anti-Buddhist activity of the late ninth and early tenth centuries, the Jokhang and Ramoche temples were said to be used as stables. In 1049
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2003:
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1996:
1839:, many improvements were made to the temple. The second and third floors of the Buddha Hall and the annex buildings were built during the 11th century. The main hall is the four-story Buddha Hall.
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1920:(the Buddha of the future). Incarnations of Sakyamuni are enshrined on either side of a central axis, and the Buddha's warrior guard is in the middle of the halls on the left side.
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1986:) around the Buddha's neck or touch the image's knee. A walled enclosure in front of the Jokhang, near the Tang Dynasty-Tubo Peace Alliance Tablet, contains the stump of a
2016:
The Jokhang has a sizable, significant collection of cultural artifacts, including Tang-dynasty bronze sculptures and finely-sculpted figures in different shapes from the
5007:
1835:, there was conflict between followers of Buddhism and the indigenous Bon religion. Changes in dynastic rule affected the Jokhang Monastery; after 1409, during the
1429:
Many Nepalese and Indian artists and craftsmen worked on the temple's original design and construction. Around the 14th century, the temple was associated with the
3880:
2024:
by Ulrich von Schroeder, published in 2008, contains a DVD with digital photographs of the 419 most important Buddhist sculptures in the collection of the Jokhang
1485:, the market square in central Lhasa, has a walkway for pilgrims to walk around the temple (which takes about 20 minutes). Barkhor Square is marked by four stone
3763:
1502:("House of Mysteries" or "House of Religious Science") was the Jokhang's ancient name. When King Songtsen Gampo built the temple, his capital city was known as
1892:
circles with two temples: one in the outer circle and another in the inner circle. The outer circle has a circular path, with a number of large prayer wheels (
1477:. It is the focal point of commercial activity in the city, with a maze of streets radiating from it. The Jokhang is 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) east of the
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In Chinese development of Lhasa, Barkhor Square was encroached when the walkway around the temple was destroyed. An inner walkway was converted into a
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The temple, considered the "spiritual heart of the city" and the most sacred in Tibet, is at the center of an ancient network of Buddhist temples in
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During the reign of King Tresang Detsan from 755 to 797, Buddhists were persecuted because the king's minister, Marshang Zongbagyi (a devotee of
7141:
1904:, with his left hand on his lap and his right hand touching the earth. A number of chapels surround the Jowo Sakayamuni, dedicated to gods and
1514:(Monastery of Great Distinction); it is also known as Zuglagkang, Qoikang Monastery Tsuglakhang (Chapel of Jowo Śākyamuni) and Tsuglhakhange.
1778:
217:
3673:. (Volume One: 655 pages with 766 illustrations; Volume Two: 675 pages with 987 illustrations). Hong Kong: Visual Dharma Publications, Ltd.
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in 1792, did not allow the Nepalese to visit this temple and it became an exclusive place of worship for the Tibetans. During the Chinese
1583:. This infuriated Songsten Gampo, who mounted attacks on tribal areas affiliated with the Tang dynasty and then attacked the Tang city of
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3687:. (212 p., 112 colour illustrations) (DVD with 527 digital photographs mostly of Jokhang Bronzes). Chicago: Serindia Publications.
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Temple in India, indicating "historical and ritual" links between India and Tibet. Tibetans call Jokhang the "Vajrasana of Tibet"
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temple in Lhasa. It was later moved to the Jokhang. The temple remains the holiest shrine in Tibet and the image, known as
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briefly claimed online that the fire was "quickly extinguished" with "no deaths or injuries" at the late night, while The
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yellow flames and emitting a haze of smoke, these images were quickly censored and disappeared. The official newspaper
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in India. It is said that the image of Buddha deified in the Jokhang is the 12-year-old Buddha earlier located in the
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known as the "Tang Dynasty Willow" or the "Princess Willow". The willow was reportedly planted by Princess Wencheng.
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The central Buddha Hall is tall, with a large, paved courtyard. A porch leads to the open courtyard, which is two
1773:(a World Heritage Site since 1994) to facilitate conservation efforts. The temple is listed in the first group of
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known as Jowo Mikyo Dorje (or Mikyoba), which she had brought as part of her dowry, was deified in the Jokhang.
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1982:(Hail to the jewel in the lotus). Pilgrims queue on both sides of the platform to place a ceremonial scarf (
1912:, the patron saint of Tibet, with a thousand eyes and a thousand arms. Flanking the main hall are halls for
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1535:, were built on the country's frontiers. The Jokhang temple was finally built in the heart of Tibet.
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2883:"My Conversation with Dawa, a Lhasa Red Guard Who Took Part in the Smashing of the Jokhang Temple"
1966:
door frames, columns and finials dating to the seventh and eighth centuries were brought from the
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2043:; both are embroidered on silk and well-preserved. The collection also has 54 boxes of
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Secret Places, Hidden Sanctuaries: Uncovering Mysterious Sites, Symbols, and Societies
1575:
for one of his daughters. Taizong rejected the king's proposal, considering Tibetans "
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Himalayan Style (Architecture, Photography, Travel Book): Shelters & Sanctuaries
2460:. SUNY series in Buddhist Studies. State University of New York Press. p. 238.
2146:
Dr. Poonam Rana, "The Role of Bhrikuti (Bhelsa Tritsun) in the spread of Buddhism",
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Oral and Literary Continuities in Modern Tibetan Literature: The Inescapable Nation
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who taught in Jokhang and died in 1054, found the "Royal Testament of the Pillar"
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1491:(incense burners), two of which are in front of the temple and two in the rear.
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The Holy Land Reborn: Pilgrimage and the Tibetan Reinvention of Buddhist India
1939:. Images of sphinxes with a variety of expressions are carved below the roof.
1422:, is currently housed in the temple and the Jowo Mikyo Dorje is housed in the
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1579:", and announced the marriage of one of his daughters to the king of Duyu, a
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Office building of the Preparatory Committee for the Tibet Autonomous Region
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On the rooftop and roof ridges are iconic statues of golden deer flanking a
1567:
Songsten Gampo, wishing to obtain a wife from China, sent his ambassador to
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5353:
5185:
5073:
5068:
4755:
4567:
4557:
4046:
3860:
2076:
1959:
1951:
1905:
1880:
1206:
744:
546:
7638:
6098:
4846:
Office of the Representative of the Central People's Government in Tibet
4479:
2006:
Jokhang Square, the approach to the complex taken by most tourists today
1913:
1661:
Beginning in about the 14th century, the temple was associated with the
1531:, were built in the outer areas in the second stage; the last four, the
1406:, a statue of Akshobhya Buddha, brought to Tibet by his Nepalese queen,
7593:
7551:
7427:
7233:
7158:
6772:
6756:
6718:
6698:
6593:
6568:
6476:
6411:
6391:
6137:
6068:
5939:
5822:
5792:
5727:
5677:
5335:
5325:
5298:
4760:
4514:
4202:
3054:"Fire-hit Jokhang temple streets reopen after blaze at Tibet holy site"
2060:
2048:
1889:
1450:
1243:
1048:
888:
876:
866:
830:
568:
118:
6613:
5609:
4499:
1653:
7568:
7541:
6708:
6583:
6295:
6211:
6088:
5978:
5951:
5944:
5907:
5864:
5827:
5594:
5559:
5526:
5501:
5456:
5053:
4947:
Memorial Hall Marking the Emancipation of More Than One Million Serfs
4131:
3126:
2328:
2326:
2036:
1724:
1666:
1576:
1561:
1238:
871:
854:
624:
7341:
6177:
6031:
5797:
5579:
5448:
5440:
3716:. Chapter Three: "Lhasa Jokhang and its Secret Chapel." Pages 69–88.
2997:"China destroys the ancient Buddhist symbols of Lhasa City in Tibet"
1935:, human and animal figurines, flowers and grasses are carved on the
1082:
7858:
7698:
7653:
7598:
7563:
7467:
7126:
6693:
6688:
6638:
6573:
6491:
6456:
6451:
6112:
5983:
5971:
5882:
5541:
5238:
4740:
4547:
4509:
4504:
4454:
4444:
4023:
2255:
2253:
1744:
1731:
1584:
1407:
1134:
1070:
795:
551:
513:
442:
6683:
6673:
6658:
6481:
6351:
5619:
4412:
3225:
3028:"Fire Strikes Hallowed Site in Tibet, the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa"
2964:
2962:
2323:
2025:
526:
7603:
7546:
7531:
6678:
6668:
6643:
6518:
6513:
6471:
6441:
6373:
6339:
6226:
6167:
6162:
6016:
5919:
5757:
5707:
5494:
5320:
4735:
4582:
4469:
4459:
4449:
4247:
4121:
3830:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3144:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2028:
1685:
1596:
1482:
1423:
1395:
1218:
1174:
1169:
1065:
964:
718:
642:
427:
134:
6290:
6058:
3412:
Sacred Places of the World: A Religious Journey Across the Globe
2250:
1538:
7683:
7668:
7504:
7366:
7346:
7121:
6783:
6663:
6653:
6588:
6216:
6172:
6157:
6147:
6117:
6041:
5924:
5692:
5564:
5308:
5303:
3556:
Mayhew, Bradley; Kelly, Robert; Bellezza, John Vincent (2008).
3433:
Pilgrimage: From the Ganges to Graceland : an Encyclopedia
2959:
2081:
1987:
1932:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1763:
1639:
1635:
1455:
1119:
883:
818:
541:
536:
531:
452:
62:
3651:
Service, United States. Foreign Broadcast Information (1983).
3141:
2706:
1555:
1486:
7823:
7658:
7516:
7482:
7462:
7432:
7361:
6778:
6623:
6501:
6496:
6466:
6421:
6268:
6263:
6142:
5847:
5672:
5639:
5629:
4617:
4519:
4474:
4464:
4350:
4003:
3875:
2102:
List of Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Tibet
2052:
1851:
1705:
1608:
1474:
1391:
1383:
1129:
1087:
1077:
1030:
457:
447:
138:
113:
106:
7693:
6486:
6152:
5649:
5008:
Yangbajain Cosmic Ray National Field Scientific Observatory
4179:
4086:
2492:
2394:. 喜马拉雅城市与建筑文化遗产丛书 (in Chinese). 东南大学出版社. 2017. p. 14.
2280:
1580:
1060:
101:
3349:
The Autobiography of Jamgon Kongtrul: A Gem of Many Colors
3174:
2916:
Dorje, G.; Tibet Charitable Trust (Great Britain) (2010).
2696:
2694:
2523:
Dorje, G.; Tibet Charitable Trust (Great Britain) (2010).
7351:
5887:
3643:
Parliamentary Debates Australia: House of Representatives
3640:
Representatives, Australia. Parliament. House of (1994).
2979:
2977:
2773:
2771:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2457:
The Life of Shabkar: The Autobiography of a Tibetan Yogin
1627:
4291:
2636:
2634:
2165:. 世界历史文化丛书 (in Chinese). 上海社会科学院出版社. 2012. p. 112.
1646:
in a pillar at Jokhang; the document was said to be the
2691:
1862:(monks). Inside the entrance are four "Guardian Kings"
3213:
3073:
3071:
2974:
2820:. Brill's Tibetan Studies Library. Brill. p. 50.
2768:
2725:
2504:
2270:
2268:
7910:
Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Tibet
3538:
The Story of Tibet: Conversations with the Dalai Lama
2646:
2631:
2619:
2480:
2424:
The Life of Shabkar: Autobiography of a Tibetan Yogin
2011:
2840:
2795:
2559:
Cultures of Knowledge: Technology in Chinese History
2362:. 雪域知识百科金钥 (in Chinese). 宗敎文化出版社. 2002. p. 26.
2338:
3555:
3430:Davidson, Linda Kay; Gitlitz, David Martin (2002).
3276:
3231:
3203:
3201:
3162:
3068:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2897:
2332:
2311:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2265:
2259:
1465:, which has been a World Heritage Site since 1994.
2783:
1743:and Chinese, is a treaty between the Tibetan king
4957:Lhasa Economic and Technological Development Zone
3771:
1928:. The halls are surrounded by enclosed walkways.
27:Tibetan Buddhist monastery in Lhasa, Tibet, China
7876:
4983:Tibet University of Traditional Tibetan Medicine
3198:
3186:
2942:
2292:
2137:"Jokhang". MAPS, Places. University of Virginia.
1850:The temple has an east-west orientation, facing
1603:, has become the country's most-revered statue.
4902:Tibetan Hospital of the Tibet Autonomous Region
4841:Lhasa North and South Mountain Greening Project
3639:
3429:
3250:. Pilgrim's tales. Heliographica. p. 105.
3156:
3127:"Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa"
2968:
2719:
1924:minister) and Thonmi Sambhota, the inventor of
3513:
3096:(in Tagalog). Mandala Publishing. p. 21.
2817:Revisiting Rituals in a Changing Tibetan World
2286:
1677:and "Vajrasan, the navel of the land of snow"
1595:, as a young prince. The image was deified in
5217:
4307:
3757:
1908:. The most important bodhisattva here is the
1307:
218:Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa
5999:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
4897:People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region
4806:Qinghai-Tibet-Sichuan-Tibet Highway Monument
3454:Jokhang: Tibet's Most Sacred Buddhist Temple
3089:
2919:Jokhang: Tibet's Most Sacred Buddhist Temple
2526:Jokhang: Tibet's Most Sacred Buddhist Temple
2197:(in Chinese). 中国社会科学出版社. 1998. p. 225.
2121:Jokhang: Tibet's Most Sacred Buddhist Temple
1382:or Tsuklakang), is considered the "heart of
121:; home of the most-venerated statue in Tibet
2813:
1870:design and Nepal. The roof is covered with
5224:
5210:
4882:Tibet Himalaya Mountaineering Guide School
4314:
4300:
3764:
3750:
3601:Encyclopedia of China: History and Culture
3514:Klimczuk, Stephen; Warner, Gerald (2009).
3367:Brockman, Norbert C. (13 September 2011).
2453:
1877:tiles, figurines and decorated pavilions.
1314:
1300:
72:
3657:. National Technical Information Service.
3247:Yak Butter Blues: A Tibetan Trek of Faith
3121:
3119:
2671:. Springer Nature Singapore. p. 10.
78:The Jokhang, with Barkhor Square in front
5003:Lhasa-Beijing Experimental Middle School
3654:Daily Report: People's Republic of China
3366:
3180:
2700:
2562:. Sinica Leidensia. Brill. p. 133.
1945:
1879:
1841:
1821:
1803:
1775:National Cultural Protection Relic Units
1701:worship the Jowo Buddha at the Jokhang.
1652:
1537:
275:130 ha (14,000,000 sq ft)
7186:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
4907:Tibet Autonomous Region Mass Art Museum
3650:
3597:
3387:
3324:
3219:
3025:
2983:
2777:
2736:
2555:
2529:. Edition Hansjorg Mayer. p. 284.
2510:
2498:
14:
7877:
7389:List of Buddhist architecture in China
4836:Tibet Working People's Cultural Palace
3618:
3408:
3345:
3243:
3116:
2922:. Edition Hansjorg Mayer. p. 34.
2880:
2668:China's Regional Development and Tibet
2652:
2640:
2625:
2588:
2486:
2420:
2344:
2230:(in Chinese). 社会科学文献出版社. p. 437.
2133:
2131:
2129:
1679:(Gangs can sa yi lte ba rDo rje gdani)
1638:, a renowned teacher of Buddhism from
5205:
4295:
3745:
3598:Perkins, Dorothy (19 November 2013).
3576:
3534:
3471:
3450:
2903:
2846:
2801:
2317:
2274:
1684:After the occupation of Nepal by the
267:7.5 ha (810,000 sq ft)
4922:Lhasa Mass Culture and Sports Center
3737:The Silver Jug of the Lhasa Jokhang
3520:. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.
3492:
3346:Barron, Richard (10 February 2003).
3270:
3237:
3083:
2909:
2807:
2789:
2658:
2582:
2549:
2447:
2414:
2382:
2350:
2223:
7895:7th-century establishments in Tibet
3026:Buckley, Chris (17 February 2018).
2860:"Tibet and the Cultural Revolution"
2664:
2217:
2185:
2153:
2126:
1591:in Tibet), she brought an image of
24:
7176:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
5079:Tibet Autonomous Region Guesthouse
3698:
3646:. Commonwealth Government Printer.
3303:
3207:
3192:
3168:
3077:
2953:
2305:
2012:Buddhist scriptures and sculptures
1811:Journey to Lhasa and Central Tibet
1433:in India. In the 18th century the
1348:Ra sa 'phrul snang gtsug lag khang
784:Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika distinction
25:
7926:
4811:Consulate General of Nepal, Lhasa
3720:
3708:. Serindia Publications. London.
3619:Powers, John (25 December 2007).
3535:Laird, Thomas (10 October 2007).
3472:Huber, Toni (15 September 2008).
3232:Mayhew, Kelly & Bellezza 2008
2333:Mayhew, Kelly & Bellezza 2008
2260:Mayhew, Kelly & Bellezza 2008
1443:Nepalese Gorkha invasion of Tibet
7857:
7847:
7846:
7404:Thai temple art and architecture
7149:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
5389:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
5255:
5242:
5232:
5023:Lhasa 500kV Transmission Project
4917:Tibet Autonomous Region Archives
4418:
4411:
3622:Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism
1995:
1777:, and has been categorized as a
1398:, it was built in c.640 by King
409:
361:
354:
331:
324:
5256:
4877:Tibet Museum of Natural Science
3836:Nyethang Drolma Lhakhang Temple
3478:. University of Chicago Press.
3297:
3090:Kelly, T.; Burkert, C. (2022).
3046:
3019:
2989:
2874:
2852:
2754:. 五洲传播出版社. 2003. pp. 36–.
2742:
2516:
1799:
362:
332:
7394:Japanese Buddhist architecture
7196:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
6276:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
5467:Places where the Buddha stayed
4937:Lhasa Donggar Wholesale Market
3706:Early Temples of Central Tibet
2862:. Séagh Kehoe. 30 January 2016
2140:
2113:
1826:Jokhang temple courtyard, 2013
1762:In 2000, the Jokhang became a
1343:
229:Cultural: (i), (iv), (vi)
13:
1:
7900:World Heritage Sites in Tibet
7885:Buddhist monasteries in Lhasa
7409:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
5033:One River, Two Rivers Project
3774:Buddhist monasteries in Tibet
3685:108 Buddhist Statues in Tibet
3683:von Schroeder, Ulrich. 2008.
3661:von Schroeder, Ulrich. 2001.
3370:Encyclopedia of Sacred Places
3331:. Columbia University Press.
2454:Ricard, M.; Lama, D. (1994).
2107:
2022:108 Buddhist Statues in Tibet
1916:(the Buddha of the past) and
1394:school monastery. Located in
1386:". The Jokhang consists of a
7166:Buddhism and the Roman world
7142:Decline of Buddhism in India
7137:History of Buddhism in India
5237: Topics in
4998:Lhasa No.1 Elementary School
4912:Lhasa Comprehensive Pavilion
3663:Buddhist Sculptures in Tibet
3577:McCue, Gary (1 March 2011).
3328:Lhasa: Streets with Memories
3277:Chung-kuo fu li hui (1979).
3003:. 9 May 2013. Archived from
2055:and a vase (a gift from the
1494:
1390:, its temple complex, and a
341:Location of Jokhang in Tibet
7:
6364:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
6104:
5135:G6 Beijing–Lhasa Expressway
4892:Lhasa Youth Activity Center
4137:Tsechen Monastery and Dzong
3493:Jabb, Lama (10 June 2015).
3157:Davidson & Gitlitz 2002
2720:Davidson & Gitlitz 2002
2597:University of Chicago Press
2592:A Historical Atlas of Tibet
2097:List of Tibetan monasteries
2070:
2047:printed in red, 108 carved
2031:, two notable paintings of
1671:(Bod yul gyi rDo rje gdani)
1556:
1487:
1468:
730:
10:
7931:
7314:The unanswerable questions
5165:Lhasa River Special Bridge
5120:Yangbajain railway station
5110:Lhasa West railway station
4188:Galden Jampaling Monastery
3625:. Snow Lion Publications.
3583:. The Mountaineers Books.
3457:. Edition Hansjorg Mayer.
3409:Dalton, Robert H. (2004).
3352:. Snow Lion Publications.
2427:. Shambhala. p. 611.
2123:, JIATS, #6, December 2011
1560:in Tibetan). The image of
1517:
199:UNESCO World Heritage Site
7905:Chengguan District, Lhasa
7842:
7794:
7709:
7624:
7399:Buddhist temples in Korea
7322:
7224:
7107:
6804:
6732:
6559:
6432:
6372:
6007:
5962:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
5873:
5865:Three planes of existence
5813:
5658:
5550:
5480:
5472:Buddha in world religions
5334:
5279:
5251:
5178:
5087:
5041:
4970:
4854:
4796:Potala Palace Inner Stele
4728:
4533:
4427:
4409:
4369:
4341:
4329:
4321:
4261:
4173:
4145:
4022:
3984:
3781:
3732:Picture of Jokhang Temple
3388:Buckley, Michael (2012).
3307:Tibet China: Travel Guide
2287:Klimczuk & Warner2009
2039:date to the reign of the
1854:to the west in honour of
1808:Plan of the complex from
1673:, the "second Vajrasana"
1500:Rasa Thrulnag Tsuklakhang
1363:
1335:
382:
318:
279:
271:
263:
255:
243:
233:
223:
213:
205:
196:
192:
184:
174:
161:
156:
148:
130:
125:
112:
100:
88:
83:
71:
39:
34:
7915:Persecution of Buddhists
7181:Persecution of Buddhists
6402:Four stages of awakening
5783:Three marks of existence
5369:Physical characteristics
5115:Wumatang railway station
4801:Lhasa Martyrs' Mausoleum
4781:Monument of Jiangsu Road
4720:Trashi Chöling Hermitage
4281:Tsozong Gongba Monastery
3976:Trashi Chöling Hermitage
3604:. Taylor & Francis.
3325:Barnett, Robert (2010).
2881:Woeser (8 August 2017).
2814:Buffetrille, K. (2012).
2119:Gyurme Dorje, Review of
2087:Tsozong Gongba Monastery
1950:Traditional prayers and
1846:Gilt roof of the Jokhang
1747:and the Chinese emperor
1657:Jokhang in the mid-1840s
813:Practices and attainment
801:Pointing-out instruction
712:Three marks of existence
209:Jokhang Temple Monastery
58:Chinese transcription(s)
44:Tibetan transcription(s)
6544:Ten principal disciples
5427:(aunt, adoptive mother)
5170:Lhasa Passenger Station
5100:Damxung railway station
5028:Lhasa Converter Station
4971:Education & Science
4942:Tibet Exhibition Center
4786:Treasure of the Plateau
4705:Sera Gönpasar Hermitage
4650:Keutsang East Hermitage
3961:Sera Gönpasar Hermitage
3916:Keutsang East Hermitage
3704:Vitali, Roberto. 1990.
3394:. Bradt Travel Guides.
3056:. AFP. 19 February 2018
2885:. High Peaks Pure Earth
1954:in front of the Jokhang
1769:as an extension of the
1644:(Bka' chems ka khol ma)
1461:as an extension of the
1388:Tibetan Buddhist temple
143:Tibet Autonomous Region
7254:Buddhism and democracy
6767:Tibetan Buddhist canon
6762:Chinese Buddhist canon
5994:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
5989:Early Buddhist schools
4988:Lhasa Teachers College
4700:Sera Chöding Hermitage
4588:Drolma Lhakhang Temple
3956:Sera Chöding Hermitage
3881:Zhuowaqudeng Monastery
3821:Muru Nyingba Monastery
3451:Dorje, Gyurme (2010).
1955:
1931:Decorations of winged
1885:
1847:
1827:
1819:
1658:
1546:
1410:. Another statue, the
1182:Tibetan Buddhist canon
7264:Eight Consciousnesses
5374:Life of Buddha in art
5105:Lhasa railway station
4867:Tibetan People's Hall
4543:Architecture of Lhasa
4032:Changmoche and Lhatse
3999:Mindrolling Monastery
3994:Gongkar Chö Monastery
3791:Ani Tsankhung Nunnery
3129:. UNESCO Organization
2589:Ryavec, K.E. (2015).
2059:) used to select the
1949:
1883:
1845:
1825:
1807:
1656:
1541:
1527:. Four more temples,
757:Dependent origination
303:29.65306°N 91.04750°E
7741:East Asian religions
7171:Buddhism in the West
6742:Early Buddhist texts
6357:Four Right Exertions
5823:Ten spiritual realms
5316:Noble Eightfold Path
5145:Central Beijing Road
4862:Potala Palace Square
4593:Yangpachen Monastery
4037:Chokorgyel Monastery
3871:Yangpachen Monastery
3559:Tibet. Ediz. Inglese
2969:Representatives 1994
2556:Schäfer, D. (2011).
2501:, pp. 273, 986.
2027:. Among hundreds of
1688:in 1769, during the
1256:History and overview
655:Samding Dorje Phagmo
520:Second dissemination
7864:Religion portal
7611:Temple of the Tooth
7490:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
6529:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
6022:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
5805:Two truths doctrine
5625:Mahapajapati Gotamī
5425:Mahapajapati Gotamī
4993:Lhasa Middle School
4952:Lhasa Half Marathon
4821:Shirin Dorje Pohang
4766:Hutoushan Reservoir
4710:Sera Utsé Hermitage
4690:Rakhadrak Hermitage
4685:Purbuchok Hermitage
4578:Kundeling Monastery
4263:Nyingchi Prefecture
4193:Karma Gon Monastery
4165:Simbiling Monastery
4067:Manmogang Monastery
4014:Yungbulakang Palace
3966:Sera Utsé Hermitage
3951:Rakhadrak Hermitage
3946:Purbuchok Hermitage
3816:Kundeling Monastery
3499:. Lexington Books.
3304:An, Caidan (2003).
3244:Wilson, B. (2004).
3007:on 22 February 2024
2421:Ricard, M. (2001).
1767:World Heritage Site
1713:Cultural Revolution
1650:of Songtsen Gampo.
1459:World Heritage Site
1447:Cultural Revolution
1043:Institutional roles
482:First dissemination
299: /
7786:Western philosophy
7384:Dzong architecture
7206:Vipassana movement
7201:Buddhist modernism
6629:Emperor Wen of Sui
6397:Pratyekabuddhayāna
6330:Threefold Training
6132:Vipassana movement
5848:Hungry Ghost realm
5668:Avidyā (Ignorance)
5615:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
5364:Great Renunciation
5359:Eight Great Events
5241:
5042:Hotels & Parks
4855:Culture & Life
4680:Panglung Hermitage
4655:Keutsang Hermitage
4645:Keutsang Hermitage
4428:Towns and villages
4276:Lamaling Monastery
4228:Nanwu Si Monastery
4213:Dzongsar Monastery
4208:Dzogchen Monastery
4160:Mangnang Monastery
4155:Khorzhak Monastery
4082:Narthang Monastery
4052:Drongtse Monastery
3941:Panglung Hermitage
3911:Keutsang Hermitage
3280:China Reconstructs
3032:The New York Times
2227:和平解放以来民族政策西藏实践绩效研究
1956:
1900:on a three-tiered
1886:
1848:
1828:
1820:
1690:Gorkha-Tibetan war
1675:(rDo rje gdan pal)
1659:
1547:
1234:Tree of physiology
774:Four Tenets system
308:29.65306; 91.04750
206:Official name
7890:Gelug monasteries
7872:
7871:
7510:Om mani padme hum
7216:Women in Buddhism
7132:Buddhist councils
7002:Western countries
6790:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
6551:Shaolin Monastery
6128:Samatha-vipassanā
5738:Pratītyasamutpāda
5542:Metteyya/Maitreya
5460:
5452:
5444:
5436:
5428:
5420:
5412:
5289:Four Noble Truths
5199:
5198:
5140:North Linkor Road
4932:Tibet Rug Mansion
4927:Lhasa Cinema City
4751:Lhasa Zhol Pillar
4675:Pabonka Hermitage
4598:Drepung Monastery
4407:
4406:
4289:
4288:
4253:Tongkor Monastery
4243:Shechen Monastery
4238:Riwoche Monastery
4198:Benchen Monastery
4175:Chamdo Prefecture
4107:Samding Monastery
4102:Rongbuk Monastery
4057:Donggar Monastery
3936:Pabonka Hermitage
3866:Tsurphu Monastery
3856:Taklung Monastery
3826:Namgyal Monastery
3801:Drigung Monastery
3796:Drepung Monastery
3671:Tibet & China
3667:India & Nepal
3632:978-1-55939-835-0
3611:978-1-135-93569-6
3590:978-1-59485-411-8
3569:978-1-74104-569-7
3562:. Lonely Planet.
3548:978-0-8021-4327-3
3527:978-1-4027-6207-9
3506:978-1-4985-0334-1
3485:978-0-226-35650-1
3464:978-5-00-097692-0
3443:978-1-57607-004-8
3422:978-81-8247-051-4
3401:978-1-84162-382-5
3380:978-1-59884-655-3
3359:978-1-55939-970-8
3338:978-0-231-13681-5
3317:978-7-5085-0374-5
3257:978-1-933037-24-0
3183:, p. 263-64.
3103:978-1-64722-774-6
2929:978-5-00097-692-0
2827:978-90-04-23500-7
2761:978-7-5085-0232-8
2751:Tibetan Religions
2678:978-981-287-958-5
2606:978-0-226-73244-2
2569:978-90-04-21844-4
2536:978-5-00097-692-0
2467:978-1-4384-1722-6
2434:978-1-55939-874-9
2401:978-7-5641-6844-5
2369:978-7-80123-341-7
2237:978-7-5097-7163-1
2204:978-7-5004-2344-7
2172:978-7-5520-0013-9
1978:Om mani padme hum
1856:Princess Bhrikuti
1816:Sarat Chandra Das
1755:According to the
1571:(627–650) of the
1414:, brought by his
1352:Qoikang Monastery
1324:
1323:
1286:Index of articles
902:Major monasteries
860:Tantra techniques
779:Rangtong-Shentong
687:10th Panchen Lama
476:Key personalities
386:
385:
373:Show map of China
345:Show map of Tibet
167:Vihara, Tibetan,
16:(Redirected from
7922:
7862:
7861:
7850:
7849:
7689:Sacred languages
7537:Maya Devi Temple
7500:Mahabodhi Temple
7304:Secular Buddhism
7269:Engaged Buddhism
6109:
5957:Tibetan Buddhism
5908:Vietnamese Thiền
5507:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
5458:
5450:
5442:
5434:
5426:
5418:
5410:
5259:
5258:
5246:
5236:
5226:
5219:
5212:
5203:
5202:
5160:Jinzhu West Road
5150:Norbulingka Road
5064:Banak Shöl Hotel
4978:Tibet University
4962:Lhasa Television
4831:Lhasa Auditorium
4791:Lhasa Racecourse
4715:Takten Hermitage
4670:Nenang Monastery
4665:Negodong Nunnery
4660:Khardo Hermitage
4635:Drakri Hermitage
4630:Chupzang Nunnery
4608:Reting Monastery
4573:Ganden Monastery
4422:
4415:
4339:
4338:
4316:
4309:
4302:
4293:
4292:
4233:Palyul Monastery
4218:Kandze Monastery
4147:Ngari Prefecture
4097:Ralung Monastery
4092:Palcho Monastery
3986:Lhoka Prefecture
3971:Takten Hermitage
3926:Negodong Nunnery
3921:Khardo Hermitage
3901:Drakri Hermitage
3896:Chupzang Nunnery
3846:Reting Monastery
3806:Ganden Monastery
3775:
3766:
3759:
3752:
3743:
3742:
3658:
3647:
3636:
3615:
3594:
3573:
3552:
3531:
3510:
3489:
3468:
3447:
3426:
3405:
3384:
3363:
3342:
3321:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3288:
3274:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3241:
3235:
3229:
3223:
3217:
3211:
3205:
3196:
3190:
3184:
3178:
3172:
3171:, p. 69-71.
3166:
3160:
3154:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3123:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3087:
3081:
3080:, p. 69-70.
3075:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3034:. New York Times
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3012:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2972:
2966:
2957:
2951:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2913:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2856:
2850:
2844:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2811:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2787:
2781:
2775:
2766:
2765:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2723:
2717:
2704:
2698:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2665:Guo, R. (2015).
2662:
2656:
2650:
2644:
2638:
2629:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2354:
2348:
2342:
2336:
2330:
2321:
2315:
2309:
2303:
2290:
2284:
2278:
2272:
2263:
2257:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2157:
2151:
2144:
2138:
2135:
2124:
2117:
2057:Qianlong Emperor
1999:
1968:Kathmandu Valley
1694:Qianlong Emperor
1613:Fifth Dalai Lama
1593:Sakyamuni Buddha
1562:Akshobhya Buddha
1559:
1490:
1441:, following the
1435:Qianlong Emperor
1404:Jowo Mikyo Dorje
1365:
1345:
1337:
1316:
1309:
1302:
1239:Festival thangka
733:
706:General Buddhist
413:
403:
402:Tibetan Buddhism
388:
387:
374:
365:
364:
358:
346:
335:
334:
328:
314:
313:
311:
310:
309:
304:
300:
297:
296:
295:
292:
272:Buffer zone
185:Date established
95:Tibetan Buddhism
76:
59:
54:
45:
32:
31:
21:
7930:
7929:
7925:
7924:
7923:
7921:
7920:
7919:
7875:
7874:
7873:
7868:
7856:
7838:
7790:
7705:
7620:
7357:Ordination hall
7318:
7220:
7191:Buddhist crisis
7103:
6800:
6752:Mahayana sutras
6728:
6724:Thích Nhất Hạnh
6555:
6428:
6368:
6318:Bodhisattva vow
6003:
5869:
5809:
5768:Taṇhā (Craving)
5703:Five hindrances
5654:
5546:
5476:
5330:
5275:
5247:
5230:
5200:
5195:
5174:
5083:
5059:Cisongtang Park
5037:
4966:
4850:
4776:Labrang Nyingba
4729:Other landmarks
4724:
4613:Sanga Monastery
4535:
4529:
4440:Chundui (Codoi)
4423:
4417:
4416:
4403:
4365:
4334:
4325:
4320:
4290:
4285:
4271:Buchu Monastery
4257:
4223:Katok Monastery
4177:
4169:
4141:
4117:Shalu Monastery
4112:Sakya Monastery
4077:Milarepa's Cave
4072:Menri Monastery
4062:Garju Monastery
4018:
3980:
3851:Sanga Monastery
3777:
3773:
3770:
3723:
3701:
3699:Further reading
3633:
3612:
3591:
3570:
3549:
3541:. Grove Press.
3528:
3507:
3486:
3465:
3444:
3423:
3402:
3381:
3360:
3339:
3318:
3300:
3295:
3286:
3284:
3275:
3271:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3242:
3238:
3230:
3226:
3218:
3214:
3206:
3199:
3191:
3187:
3179:
3175:
3167:
3163:
3155:
3142:
3132:
3130:
3125:
3124:
3117:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3088:
3084:
3076:
3069:
3059:
3057:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3037:
3035:
3024:
3020:
3010:
3008:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2982:
2975:
2971:, p. 1402.
2967:
2960:
2952:
2943:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2914:
2910:
2902:
2898:
2888:
2886:
2879:
2875:
2865:
2863:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2845:
2841:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2812:
2808:
2800:
2796:
2788:
2784:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2735:
2726:
2718:
2707:
2699:
2692:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2663:
2659:
2651:
2647:
2639:
2632:
2624:
2620:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2587:
2583:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2554:
2550:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2521:
2517:
2509:
2505:
2497:
2493:
2485:
2481:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2452:
2448:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2419:
2415:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2343:
2339:
2331:
2324:
2316:
2312:
2304:
2293:
2285:
2281:
2273:
2266:
2258:
2251:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2222:
2218:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2127:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2092:Sanga Monastery
2073:
2014:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2000:
1910:Avalokiteshwara
1884:Temple interior
1802:
1569:Emperor Taizong
1520:
1497:
1471:
1412:Jowo Shakyamuni
1372:gtsug-lag-khang
1320:
1291:
1290:
1257:
1249:
1248:
1209:
1199:
1198:
1189:Mahayana sutras
1165:
1155:
1154:
1110:
1100:
1099:
1044:
1036:
1035:
904:
894:
893:
814:
806:
805:
702:
692:
691:
682:14th Dalai Lama
677:13th Dalai Lama
661:
650:
632:
614:
596:
579:Patrul Rinpoche
521:
483:
478:
468:
467:
423:
401:
378:
377:
376:
375:
372:
371:
370:Jokhang (China)
368:
367:
366:
349:
348:
347:
344:
343:
342:
338:
337:
336:
307:
305:
301:
298:
293:
290:
288:
286:
285:
201:
79:
67:
66:
61:
57:
55:
52:
47:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7928:
7918:
7917:
7912:
7907:
7902:
7897:
7892:
7887:
7870:
7869:
7867:
7866:
7854:
7843:
7840:
7839:
7837:
7836:
7831:
7826:
7821:
7816:
7811:
7806:
7800:
7798:
7792:
7791:
7789:
7788:
7783:
7778:
7773:
7768:
7763:
7758:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7738:
7737:
7736:
7731:
7721:
7715:
7713:
7707:
7706:
7704:
7703:
7702:
7701:
7696:
7686:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7666:
7661:
7656:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7630:
7628:
7622:
7621:
7619:
7618:
7613:
7608:
7607:
7606:
7601:
7596:
7591:
7586:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7555:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7513:
7512:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7486:
7485:
7480:
7475:
7470:
7465:
7455:
7450:
7445:
7440:
7435:
7430:
7425:
7424:
7423:
7421:Greco-Buddhist
7413:
7412:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7375:
7374:
7372:Burmese pagoda
7364:
7359:
7354:
7349:
7344:
7339:
7328:
7326:
7320:
7319:
7317:
7316:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7230:
7228:
7222:
7221:
7219:
7218:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7162:
7161:
7154:Greco-Buddhism
7151:
7146:
7145:
7144:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7113:
7111:
7105:
7104:
7102:
7101:
7100:
7099:
7094:
7089:
7087:United Kingdom
7084:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7064:
7059:
7054:
7049:
7044:
7039:
7034:
7032:Czech Republic
7029:
7024:
7019:
7014:
7009:
6999:
6998:
6997:
6992:
6982:
6981:
6980:
6970:
6969:
6968:
6963:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6923:
6922:
6921:
6911:
6906:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6810:
6808:
6802:
6801:
6799:
6798:
6796:Abhidharmadīpa
6793:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6738:
6736:
6730:
6729:
6727:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6714:B. R. Ambedkar
6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6661:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6634:Songtsen Gampo
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6565:
6563:
6557:
6556:
6554:
6553:
6548:
6547:
6546:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6510:
6509:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6449:
6444:
6438:
6436:
6430:
6429:
6427:
6426:
6425:
6424:
6419:
6414:
6409:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6378:
6376:
6370:
6369:
6367:
6366:
6361:
6360:
6359:
6349:
6348:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6327:
6326:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6313:Eight precepts
6310:
6300:
6299:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6273:
6272:
6271:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6250:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6208:
6207:
6202:
6192:
6187:
6186:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6101:
6091:
6086:
6084:Five Strengths
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6050:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6024:
6019:
6013:
6011:
6005:
6004:
6002:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5975:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5949:
5948:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5911:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5879:
5877:
5871:
5870:
5868:
5867:
5862:
5861:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5825:
5819:
5817:
5811:
5810:
5808:
5807:
5802:
5801:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5723:Mental factors
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5664:
5662:
5656:
5655:
5653:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5575:Mahamoggallāna
5572:
5567:
5562:
5556:
5554:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5498:
5497:
5490:Avalokiteśvara
5486:
5484:
5478:
5477:
5475:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5463:
5462:
5454:
5446:
5438:
5430:
5422:
5414:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5340:
5338:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5312:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5291:
5285:
5283:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5252:
5249:
5248:
5229:
5228:
5221:
5214:
5206:
5197:
5196:
5194:
5193:
5188:
5182:
5180:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5091:
5089:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5045:
5043:
5039:
5038:
5036:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4974:
4972:
4968:
4967:
4965:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4858:
4856:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4771:Samdrup Pohang
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4746:Drapchi Prison
4743:
4738:
4732:
4730:
4726:
4725:
4723:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4695:Sera Monastery
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4625:Sera Monastery
4621:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4603:Ramoche Temple
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4539:
4537:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4424:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4399:Maizhokunggar
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4375:
4373:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4347:
4345:
4336:
4327:
4326:
4319:
4318:
4311:
4304:
4296:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4267:
4265:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4184:
4182:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4151:
4149:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4028:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4011:
4009:Tradruk Temple
4006:
4001:
3996:
3990:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3931:Nenang Nunnery
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3889:Sera Monastery
3884:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3841:Ramoche Temple
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3787:
3785:
3779:
3778:
3769:
3768:
3761:
3754:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3727:Jokhang Temple
3722:
3721:External links
3719:
3718:
3717:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3695:
3681:
3659:
3648:
3637:
3631:
3616:
3610:
3595:
3589:
3580:Trekking Tibet
3574:
3568:
3553:
3547:
3532:
3526:
3511:
3505:
3490:
3484:
3469:
3463:
3448:
3442:
3427:
3421:
3406:
3400:
3385:
3379:
3364:
3358:
3343:
3337:
3322:
3316:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3269:
3256:
3236:
3234:, p. 103.
3224:
3222:, p. 986.
3212:
3197:
3185:
3173:
3161:
3159:, p. 340.
3140:
3115:
3102:
3082:
3067:
3045:
3018:
2988:
2986:, p. 143.
2973:
2958:
2941:
2928:
2908:
2896:
2873:
2851:
2849:, p. 233.
2839:
2826:
2806:
2804:, p. 119.
2794:
2782:
2780:, p. 161.
2767:
2760:
2741:
2739:, p. 142.
2724:
2722:, p. 339.
2705:
2703:, p. 263.
2690:
2677:
2657:
2655:, p. 145.
2645:
2643:, p. 146.
2630:
2628:, p. 233.
2618:
2605:
2599:. p. 44.
2581:
2568:
2548:
2535:
2515:
2513:, p. 120.
2503:
2491:
2489:, p. 487.
2479:
2466:
2446:
2433:
2413:
2400:
2381:
2368:
2349:
2337:
2335:, p. 102.
2322:
2310:
2291:
2279:
2277:, p. 160.
2264:
2249:
2236:
2216:
2203:
2184:
2171:
2152:
2139:
2125:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2072:
2069:
2041:Yongle Emperor
2013:
2010:
2002:
2001:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1937:superstructure
1926:Tibetan script
1898:lotus position
1801:
1798:
1792:People's Daily
1781:tourist site.
1621:Jowo Sakyamuni
1544:Songtsen Gampo
1519:
1516:
1496:
1493:
1470:
1467:
1449:in Tibet, the
1400:Songsten Gampo
1396:Barkhor Square
1322:
1321:
1319:
1318:
1311:
1304:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1224:Wall paintings
1221:
1216:
1210:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1194:Nyingma Gyubum
1191:
1185:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1166:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1125:Galdan Namchot
1122:
1117:
1115:Chotrul Duchen
1111:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1085:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
995:
994:
989:
984:
979:
973:
972:
967:
962:
956:
955:
950:
945:
939:
938:
933:
928:
922:
921:
916:
911:
905:
900:
899:
896:
895:
892:
891:
886:
880:
879:
874:
869:
863:
862:
857:
851:
850:
845:
839:
838:
836:Avalokiteśvara
833:
827:
826:
821:
815:
812:
811:
808:
807:
804:
803:
798:
792:
791:
787:
786:
781:
776:
770:
769:
765:
764:
759:
753:
752:
747:
742:
736:
735:
726:
721:
715:
714:
708:
707:
703:
698:
697:
694:
693:
690:
689:
684:
679:
674:
672:5th Dalai Lama
669:
663:
662:
652:
651:
646:
645:
640:
634:
633:
628:
627:
622:
616:
615:
610:
609:
607:Rangjung Dorje
604:
598:
597:
592:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
560:
559:
555:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
523:
522:
517:
516:
511:
509:Trisong Detsen
506:
504:Songtsen Gampo
501:
496:
491:
485:
484:
479:
474:
473:
470:
469:
466:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
424:
419:
418:
415:
414:
406:
405:
397:
396:
384:
383:
380:
379:
369:
360:
359:
353:
352:
351:
350:
340:
339:
330:
329:
323:
322:
321:
320:
319:
316:
315:
283:
277:
276:
273:
269:
268:
265:
261:
260:
257:
253:
252:
245:
241:
240:
235:
231:
230:
227:
221:
220:
215:
211:
210:
207:
203:
202:
197:
194:
193:
190:
189:
186:
182:
181:
179:Songtsen Gampo
176:
172:
171:
165:
159:
158:
154:
153:
150:
146:
145:
132:
128:
127:
123:
122:
116:
110:
109:
104:
98:
97:
92:
86:
85:
81:
80:
77:
69:
68:
41:
40:
37:
36:
26:
18:Jokhang Temple
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7927:
7916:
7913:
7911:
7908:
7906:
7903:
7901:
7898:
7896:
7893:
7891:
7888:
7886:
7883:
7882:
7880:
7865:
7860:
7855:
7853:
7845:
7844:
7841:
7835:
7832:
7830:
7827:
7825:
7822:
7820:
7817:
7815:
7812:
7810:
7807:
7805:
7802:
7801:
7799:
7797:
7793:
7787:
7784:
7782:
7779:
7777:
7774:
7772:
7769:
7767:
7764:
7762:
7759:
7757:
7754:
7752:
7749:
7747:
7744:
7742:
7739:
7735:
7732:
7730:
7727:
7726:
7725:
7722:
7720:
7717:
7716:
7714:
7712:
7708:
7700:
7697:
7695:
7692:
7691:
7690:
7687:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7677:
7675:
7672:
7670:
7667:
7665:
7662:
7660:
7657:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7631:
7629:
7627:
7626:Miscellaneous
7623:
7617:
7616:Vegetarianism
7614:
7612:
7609:
7605:
7602:
7600:
7597:
7595:
7592:
7590:
7587:
7585:
7582:
7581:
7580:
7577:
7575:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7529:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7511:
7508:
7507:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7484:
7481:
7479:
7476:
7474:
7471:
7469:
7466:
7464:
7461:
7460:
7459:
7456:
7454:
7451:
7449:
7446:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7438:Buddha in art
7436:
7434:
7431:
7429:
7426:
7422:
7419:
7418:
7417:
7414:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7377:
7373:
7370:
7369:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7360:
7358:
7355:
7353:
7350:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7334:
7333:
7330:
7329:
7327:
7325:
7321:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7231:
7229:
7227:
7223:
7217:
7214:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7187:
7184:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7169:
7167:
7164:
7160:
7157:
7156:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7143:
7140:
7139:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7114:
7112:
7110:
7106:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7092:United States
7090:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7038:
7035:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7004:
7003:
7000:
6996:
6993:
6991:
6988:
6987:
6986:
6983:
6979:
6976:
6975:
6974:
6971:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6958:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6947:
6944:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6919:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6905:
6902:
6901:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6809:
6807:
6803:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6791:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6774:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6739:
6737:
6735:
6731:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6649:Padmasambhava
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6566:
6564:
6562:
6561:Major figures
6558:
6552:
6549:
6545:
6542:
6541:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6508:
6507:Western tulku
6505:
6504:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6439:
6437:
6435:
6431:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6404:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6379:
6377:
6375:
6371:
6365:
6362:
6358:
6355:
6354:
6353:
6350:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6332:
6331:
6328:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6308:Five precepts
6306:
6305:
6304:
6301:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6286:Dhamma vicaya
6284:
6282:
6279:
6278:
6277:
6274:
6270:
6267:
6266:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6197:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6133:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6108:
6107:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6096:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6054:Buddhābhiṣeka
6052:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6029:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6014:
6012:
6010:
6006:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5954:
5953:
5950:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5890:
5889:
5886:
5885:
5884:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5876:
5872:
5866:
5863:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5830:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5820:
5818:
5816:
5812:
5806:
5803:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5785:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5698:Enlightenment
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5688:Dhamma theory
5686:
5684:
5683:Buddha-nature
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5661:
5657:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5553:
5549:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5522:Samantabhadra
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5496:
5493:
5492:
5491:
5488:
5487:
5485:
5483:
5479:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5461:
5455:
5453:
5447:
5445:
5439:
5437:
5431:
5429:
5423:
5421:
5415:
5413:
5407:
5406:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5337:
5333:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5296:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5286:
5284:
5282:
5278:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5254:
5253:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5227:
5222:
5220:
5215:
5213:
5208:
5207:
5204:
5192:
5191:Jigme Namgyal
5189:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5177:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5095:Lhasa Airport
5093:
5092:
5090:
5086:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5049:Chagpori Park
5047:
5046:
5044:
5040:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5018:Lhasa Library
5016:
5014:
5013:Tibet Library
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4969:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4887:Tibet Stadium
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4853:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4727:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4622:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4553:Potala Palace
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4532:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4426:
4421:
4414:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4368:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4332:
4328:
4324:
4317:
4312:
4310:
4305:
4303:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4268:
4266:
4264:
4260:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4181:
4176:
4172:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4148:
4144:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3767:
3762:
3760:
3755:
3753:
3748:
3747:
3744:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3715:
3714:0-906026-25-3
3711:
3707:
3703:
3702:
3694:
3693:962-7049-08-5
3690:
3686:
3682:
3680:
3679:962-7049-07-7
3676:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3655:
3649:
3645:
3644:
3638:
3634:
3628:
3624:
3623:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3603:
3602:
3596:
3592:
3586:
3582:
3581:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3540:
3539:
3533:
3529:
3523:
3519:
3518:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3498:
3497:
3491:
3487:
3481:
3477:
3476:
3470:
3466:
3460:
3456:
3455:
3449:
3445:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3428:
3424:
3418:
3414:
3413:
3407:
3403:
3397:
3393:
3392:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3372:
3371:
3365:
3361:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3344:
3340:
3334:
3330:
3329:
3323:
3319:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3302:
3301:
3282:
3281:
3273:
3259:
3253:
3249:
3248:
3240:
3233:
3228:
3221:
3216:
3210:, p. 71.
3209:
3204:
3202:
3195:, p. 70.
3194:
3189:
3182:
3181:Brockman 2011
3177:
3170:
3165:
3158:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3128:
3122:
3120:
3105:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3086:
3079:
3074:
3072:
3055:
3049:
3033:
3029:
3022:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2992:
2985:
2980:
2978:
2970:
2965:
2963:
2956:, p. 72.
2955:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2931:
2925:
2921:
2920:
2912:
2906:, p. 39.
2905:
2900:
2884:
2877:
2861:
2855:
2848:
2843:
2829:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2810:
2803:
2798:
2792:, p. 55.
2791:
2786:
2779:
2774:
2772:
2763:
2757:
2753:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2721:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2702:
2701:Brockman 2011
2697:
2695:
2680:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2661:
2654:
2649:
2642:
2637:
2635:
2627:
2622:
2608:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2585:
2571:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2552:
2538:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2519:
2512:
2507:
2500:
2495:
2488:
2483:
2469:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2450:
2436:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2417:
2403:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2385:
2371:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2353:
2347:, p. 55.
2346:
2341:
2334:
2329:
2327:
2320:, p. 67.
2319:
2314:
2308:, p. 69.
2307:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2289:, p. 34.
2288:
2283:
2276:
2271:
2269:
2262:, p. 96.
2261:
2256:
2254:
2239:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2224:等贺新元 (2015).
2220:
2206:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2188:
2174:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2156:
2149:
2143:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2122:
2116:
2112:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2033:Chakrasamvara
2030:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2004:
1998:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1979:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1953:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1882:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1824:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1806:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1771:Potala Palace
1768:
1765:
1760:
1758:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1707:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1655:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1624:
1622:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1604:
1602:
1601:Jowo Rinpoche
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1479:Potala Palace
1476:
1466:
1464:
1463:Potala Palace
1460:
1457:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1402:to house the
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1341:
1333:
1329:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1305:
1303:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1203:
1202:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1159:
1158:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1103:
1094:
1093:Western tulku
1091:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
996:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
974:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
957:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
940:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
923:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
903:
898:
897:
890:
887:
885:
882:
881:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
864:
861:
858:
856:
853:
852:
849:
846:
844:
841:
840:
837:
834:
832:
829:
828:
825:
822:
820:
817:
816:
810:
809:
802:
799:
797:
794:
793:
789:
788:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
771:
767:
766:
763:
760:
758:
755:
754:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
737:
734:
732:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
716:
713:
710:
709:
705:
704:
701:
696:
695:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
667:Je Tsongkhapa
665:
664:
659:
658:
657:
656:
648:
647:
644:
641:
639:
638:Sakya Pandita
636:
635:
630:
629:
626:
623:
621:
618:
617:
612:
611:
608:
605:
603:
600:
599:
594:
593:
590:
587:
585:
584:Dudjom Lingpa
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
564:Yeshe Tsogyal
562:
561:
557:
556:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
524:
519:
518:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
489:Padmasambhāva
487:
486:
481:
480:
477:
472:
471:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
425:
422:
417:
416:
412:
408:
407:
404:
399:
398:
394:
390:
389:
381:
357:
327:
317:
312:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
239:
236:
232:
228:
226:
222:
219:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
195:
191:
187:
183:
180:
177:
173:
170:
166:
164:
160:
155:
151:
147:
144:
140:
136:
133:
129:
124:
120:
117:
115:
111:
108:
105:
103:
99:
96:
93:
91:
87:
82:
75:
70:
64:
60:
50:
46:
38:
33:
30:
19:
7804:Bodhisattvas
7724:Christianity
7719:Baháʼí Faith
7584:Dharmachakra
7574:Prayer wheel
7564:Prayer beads
7332:Architecture
7211:969 Movement
6995:Saudi Arabia
6973:Central Asia
6966:South Africa
6788:
6771:
6704:Panchen Lama
6609:Buddhapālita
6205:Satipatthana
6200:Mindful Yoga
6113:Recollection
6027:Brahmavihara
5898:Japanese Zen
5893:Chinese Chan
5853:Animal realm
5660:Key concepts
5482:Bodhisattvas
5294:Three Jewels
5155:Jiangsu Road
4872:Tibet Museum
4816:Lhalu Pohang
4640:Garu Nunnery
4562:
4534:Monasteries
4490:Niu New Area
4356:Doilungdêqên
4042:Daklha Gampo
3906:Garu Nunnery
3887:
3810:
3705:
3684:
3670:
3669:; Vol. Two:
3666:
3665:. Vol. One:
3662:
3653:
3642:
3621:
3600:
3579:
3558:
3537:
3516:
3495:
3474:
3453:
3436:. ABC-CLIO.
3432:
3415:. Abhishek.
3411:
3390:
3373:. ABC-CLIO.
3369:
3348:
3327:
3306:
3298:Bibliography
3285:. Retrieved
3279:
3272:
3261:. Retrieved
3246:
3239:
3227:
3220:Perkins 2013
3215:
3188:
3176:
3164:
3133:29 September
3131:. Retrieved
3107:. Retrieved
3092:
3085:
3058:. Retrieved
3048:
3036:. Retrieved
3031:
3021:
3011:29 September
3009:. Retrieved
3005:the original
3000:
2991:
2984:Buckley 2012
2933:. Retrieved
2918:
2911:
2899:
2887:. Retrieved
2876:
2864:. Retrieved
2854:
2842:
2831:. Retrieved
2816:
2809:
2797:
2785:
2778:Barnett 2010
2750:
2744:
2737:Buckley 2012
2682:. Retrieved
2667:
2660:
2648:
2621:
2610:. Retrieved
2591:
2584:
2573:. Retrieved
2558:
2551:
2540:. Retrieved
2525:
2518:
2511:Service 1983
2506:
2499:Perkins 2013
2494:
2482:
2471:. Retrieved
2456:
2449:
2438:. Retrieved
2423:
2416:
2405:. Retrieved
2390:
2384:
2373:. Retrieved
2358:
2352:
2340:
2313:
2282:
2241:. Retrieved
2226:
2219:
2208:. Retrieved
2193:
2187:
2176:. Retrieved
2161:
2155:
2147:
2142:
2120:
2115:
2065:Panchen Lama
2021:
2018:Ming dynasty
2015:
1983:
1975:
1972:
1960:Dharma wheel
1957:
1952:prostrations
1941:
1930:
1922:
1906:bodhisattvas
1902:lotus throne
1893:
1887:
1863:
1859:
1849:
1837:Ming dynasty
1829:
1809:
1800:Architecture
1790:
1786:
1783:
1761:
1754:
1727:
1722:
1710:
1703:
1698:Qing dynasty
1692:in 1792 the
1683:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1660:
1643:
1625:
1617:
1605:
1588:
1573:Tang dynasty
1566:
1551:
1548:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1511:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1472:
1439:Qing dynasty
1428:
1426:, in Lhasa.
1416:Tang Chinese
1379:
1371:
1364:གཙུག་ལག་ཁང༌།
1355:
1351:
1347:
1327:
1325:
1229:Ashtamangala
1214:Sand mandala
1054:Panchen Lama
1021:Tashi Lhunpo
930:
653:
574:Jigme Lingpa
494:Śāntarakṣita
157:Architecture
29:
7649:Dharma talk
7478:Asalha Puja
7274:Eschatology
7077:Switzerland
7057:New Zealand
6985:Middle East
6894:Philippines
6814:Afghanistan
6619:Bodhidharma
6604:Buddhaghosa
6524:Householder
6434:Monasticism
6387:Bodhisattva
6242:Prostration
6195:Mindfulness
6123:Anapanasati
6106:Kammaṭṭhāna
5903:Korean Seon
5843:Asura realm
5838:Human realm
5778:Ten Fetters
5733:Parinirvana
5635:Uppalavanna
5600:Mahākaccana
5585:Mahākassapa
5517:Kṣitigarbha
5512:Ākāśagarbha
5409:Suddhodāna
5354:Four sights
5281:Foundations
5186:Doje Cezhug
5074:Tibet Hotel
5069:Lhasa Hotel
4756:Tromzikhang
4568:Tsomon Ling
4558:Norbulingka
4536:and palaces
4178:and former
4127:Tashilhunpo
4047:Dorje Pakmo
3861:Tsomon Ling
3310:. 五洲传播出版社.
3283:. p. 8
3060:19 February
3038:18 February
2653:Powers 2007
2641:Powers 2007
2626:Powers 2007
2487:Barron 2003
2345:Dalton 2004
2150:, p.108-114
2077:Norbulingka
2051:boxes with
2020:. The book
1833:Tubo period
1787:Tibet Daily
1711:During the
948:Mindrolling
745:Bodhisattva
547:Sukhasiddhi
537:Abhayakirti
306: /
281:Coordinates
247:1994 (18th
244:Inscription
188:7th century
90:Affiliation
7879:Categories
7766:Psychology
7746:Gnosticism
7734:Comparison
7729:Influences
7711:Comparison
7594:Bhavacakra
7552:Kushinagar
7527:Pilgrimage
7473:Māgha Pūjā
7428:Bodhi Tree
7244:Buddhology
7234:Abhidharma
7226:Philosophy
7159:Menander I
7027:Costa Rica
6978:Uzbekistan
6819:Bangladesh
6773:Dhammapada
6757:Pali Canon
6719:Ajahn Chah
6699:Dalai Lama
6599:Kumārajīva
6594:Vasubandhu
6569:The Buddha
6477:Zen master
6412:Sakadagami
6392:Buddhahood
6323:Pratimokṣa
6138:Shikantaza
6094:Meditation
6069:Deity yoga
5940:Madhyamaka
5833:Deva realm
5728:Mindstream
5678:Bodhicitta
5590:Aṅgulimāla
5457:Devadatta
5433:Yaśodharā
5336:The Buddha
5326:Middle Way
5179:Government
4761:Nyang bran
4515:Yangbajain
4203:Dorje Drak
3287:2024-08-26
3263:2024-08-26
3109:2024-08-26
3001:Tibet Post
2935:2024-08-26
2904:Laird 2007
2847:Huber 2008
2833:2024-08-26
2802:Huber 2008
2684:2024-08-26
2612:2024-08-26
2575:2024-08-26
2542:2024-08-26
2473:2024-08-26
2440:2024-08-26
2407:2024-08-26
2375:2024-08-26
2318:McCue 2011
2275:Dorje 2010
2243:2024-08-26
2210:2024-08-26
2178:2024-08-26
2108:References
2061:Dalai Lama
2049:sandalwood
1970:of Nepal.
1890:concentric
1864:(Chokyong)
1757:Dalai Lama
1736:The tablet
1717:Red Guards
1577:barbarians
1529:(mtha'dul)
1451:Red Guards
1380:Zuglagkang
1356:Zuglagkang
1346:), or the
1244:Mani stone
1049:Dalai Lama
889:Buddhahood
877:Dream yoga
867:Deity yoga
843:Meditation
831:Bodhicitta
569:Longchenpa
499:Kamalaśīla
291:29°39′11″N
259:2000, 2001
256:Extensions
238:707ter-002
119:Shakyamuni
65:: Dàzhāosì
7834:Festivals
7814:Buddhists
7776:Theosophy
7579:Symbolism
7569:Hama yumi
7542:Bodh Gaya
7309:Socialism
7284:Evolution
7259:Economics
7097:Venezuela
7012:Australia
7007:Argentina
6931:Sri Lanka
6926:Singapore
6844:Indonesia
6806:Countries
6747:Tripiṭaka
6709:Ajahn Mun
6584:Nagarjuna
6579:Aśvaghoṣa
6462:Anagārika
6457:Śrāmaṇerī
6452:Śrāmaṇera
6447:Bhikkhunī
6407:Sotāpanna
6296:Passaddhi
6237:Offerings
6212:Nekkhamma
6089:Iddhipada
6009:Practices
5979:Theravada
5952:Vajrayana
5945:Yogachara
5915:Pure Land
5828:Six Paths
5815:Cosmology
5595:Anuruddha
5570:Sāriputta
5560:Kaundinya
5552:Disciples
5527:Vajrapāṇi
5379:Footprint
5344:Tathāgata
5088:Transport
5054:Liwu Park
4351:Chengguan
4335:divisions
4132:Tsi Nesar
2889:30 August
2866:30 August
2790:Jabb 2015
2359:藏传佛敎格鲁派史略
2045:Tripiṭaka
2037:Yamantaka
1725:flagstone
1667:Bodh Gaya
1663:Vajrasana
1648:testament
1525:(ru bzhi)
1495:Etymology
1431:Vajrasana
1108:Festivals
872:Guru yoga
855:Vajrayana
824:Pāramitās
724:Cosmology
700:Teachings
625:Taranatha
294:91°2′51″E
234:Reference
7852:Category
7781:Violence
7751:Hinduism
7699:Sanskrit
7654:Hinayana
7639:Amitābha
7599:Swastika
7468:Uposatha
7458:Holidays
7443:Calendar
7289:Humanism
7127:Kanishka
7117:Timeline
6941:Thailand
6909:Kalmykia
6904:Buryatia
6889:Pakistan
6874:Mongolia
6869:Maldives
6864:Malaysia
6829:Cambodia
6694:Shamarpa
6689:Nichiren
6639:Xuanzang
6574:Nagasena
6492:Rinpoche
6222:Pāramitā
6064:Devotion
5984:Navayana
5972:Dzogchen
5935:Nichiren
5883:Mahayana
5875:Branches
5753:Saṅkhāra
5502:Mañjuśrī
5459:(cousin)
5451:(cousin)
5419:(mother)
5411:(father)
5399:Miracles
5349:Birthday
5266:Glossary
5239:Buddhism
4741:Chokpori
4548:Lingkhor
4510:Wumatang
4505:Qiannang
4480:Lhünzhub
4455:Gongtang
4445:Dangquka
4379:Lhünzhub
4371:Counties
4343:District
4024:Shigatse
2071:See also
2063:and the
2029:thangkas
1914:Amitabha
1894:nangkhor
1779:4A-level
1745:Ralpacan
1732:smallpox
1585:Songzhou
1533:yang'dul
1510:name is
1469:Location
1420:Wencheng
1408:Bhrikuti
1267:Timeline
1135:Dosmoche
1071:Rinpoche
960:Narthang
919:Dzogchen
796:Dzogchen
649:Bodongpa
552:Milarepa
514:Ralpacan
393:a series
391:Part of
225:Criteria
169:Nepalese
131:Location
126:Location
84:Religion
7829:Temples
7809:Buddhas
7771:Science
7761:Judaism
7756:Jainism
7674:Lineage
7634:Abhijñā
7604:Thangka
7547:Sarnath
7532:Lumbini
7453:Funeral
7448:Cuisine
7324:Culture
7299:Reality
7249:Creator
7239:Atomism
7109:History
7082:Ukraine
7042:Germany
6961:Senegal
6951:Vietnam
6879:Myanmar
6679:Shinran
6669:Karmapa
6644:Shandao
6614:Dignāga
6539:Śrāvaka
6519:Donchee
6514:Kappiya
6472:Sayadaw
6442:Bhikkhu
6417:Anāgāmi
6374:Nirvana
6340:Samadhi
6227:Paritta
6168:Tonglen
6163:Mandala
6118:Smarana
6099:Mantras
6047:Upekkha
6017:Bhavana
5967:Shingon
5920:Tiantai
5773:Tathātā
5763:Śūnyatā
5758:Skandha
5748:Saṃsāra
5743:Rebirth
5718:Kleshas
5708:Indriya
5610:Subhūti
5495:Guanyin
5449:Ānanda
5441:Rāhula
5321:Nirvana
5261:Outline
4736:Barkhor
4583:Nechung
4563:Jokhang
4500:Nyêtang
4470:Kunggar
4460:Gyaidar
4450:Donggar
4384:Damxung
4248:Surmang
4122:Shelkar
3831:Nechung
3811:Jokhang
3208:An 2003
3193:An 2003
3169:An 2003
3078:An 2003
2954:An 2003
2391:拉萨城市与建筑
2306:An 2003
2148:Sirjana
1933:apsaras
1741:Tibetan
1696:of the
1686:Gorkhas
1619:of the
1597:Ramoche
1552:tritsun
1518:History
1508:Chinese
1488:sankang
1483:Barkhor
1437:of the
1424:Ramoche
1360:Tibetan
1340:Chinese
1332:Tibetan
1328:Jokhang
1279:Culture
1274:Outline
1262:History
1219:Thangka
1175:Tengyur
1170:Kangyur
1150:Losoong
1145:Sho Dun
1066:Karmapa
1026:Tsurphu
987:Ramoche
970:Pabonka
965:Nechung
953:Namgyal
943:Labrang
931:Jokhang
914:Drepung
909:Tradruk
884:Thukdam
790:Nyingma
768:Tibetan
740:Rebirth
731:Saṃsāra
719:Skandha
660:Gelugpa
643:Gorampa
620:Dolpopa
558:Nyingma
428:Nyingma
421:Schools
249:Session
214:Part of
175:Founder
149:Country
135:Barkhor
49:Tibetan
35:Jokhang
7824:Sutras
7819:Suttas
7684:Siddhi
7669:Koliya
7644:Brahmā
7559:Poetry
7505:Mantra
7495:Kasaya
7367:Pagoda
7347:Kyaung
7342:Vihāra
7337:Temple
7279:Ethics
7122:Ashoka
7072:Sweden
7067:Poland
7062:Norway
7052:Mexico
7037:France
7022:Canada
7017:Brazil
6956:Africa
6936:Taiwan
6899:Russia
6824:Bhutan
6784:Vinaya
6664:Naropa
6654:Saraha
6589:Asanga
6345:Prajñā
6254:Refuge
6217:Nianfo
6178:Tertön
6173:Tantra
6158:Ganana
6148:Tukdam
6074:Dhyāna
6042:Mudita
6037:Karuṇā
5930:Risshū
5925:Huayan
5858:Naraka
5798:Anattā
5793:Dukkha
5788:Anicca
5693:Dharma
5645:Channa
5580:Ānanda
5565:Assaji
5532:Skanda
5435:(wife)
5404:Family
5384:Relics
5309:Sangha
5304:Dharma
5299:Buddha
4525:Zhujia
4333:-level
4331:County
3712:
3691:
3677:
3629:
3608:
3587:
3566:
3545:
3524:
3503:
3482:
3461:
3440:
3419:
3398:
3377:
3356:
3335:
3314:
3254:
3100:
2926:
2824:
2758:
2675:
2603:
2566:
2533:
2464:
2431:
2398:
2366:
2234:
2201:
2169:
2082:Dhvaja
2053:sutras
1988:willow
1964:Newari
1875:bronze
1872:gilded
1868:vihara
1818:, 1902
1764:UNESCO
1749:Muzong
1728:doring
1640:Bengal
1636:Atisha
1512:Dazhao
1456:UNESCO
1418:queen
1342::
1336:ཇོ་ཁང།
1140:Monlam
1120:Dajyur
1083:Tertön
982:Ralung
977:Palcho
936:Kumbum
926:Ganden
819:Lamrim
750:Dharma
613:Jonang
589:Mipham
542:Niguma
532:Talika
453:Jonang
443:Bodong
63:Pinyin
53:ཇོ་ཁང།
7796:Lists
7664:Kalpa
7659:Iddhi
7522:Music
7517:Mudra
7483:Vassa
7463:Vesak
7433:Budai
7379:Candi
7362:Stupa
7294:Logic
7047:Italy
6946:Tibet
6884:Nepal
6854:Korea
6849:Japan
6839:India
6834:China
6779:Sutra
6734:Texts
6684:Dōgen
6674:Hōnen
6659:Atiśa
6624:Zhiyi
6534:Achar
6502:Tulku
6497:Geshe
6482:Rōshi
6467:Ajahn
6422:Arhat
6382:Bodhi
6352:Vīrya
6269:Sacca
6264:Satya
6259:Sādhu
6247:Music
6190:Merit
6183:Terma
6143:Zazen
6079:Faith
6032:Mettā
5713:Karma
5673:Bardo
5640:Asita
5630:Khema
5620:Upāli
5605:Nanda
5443:(son)
5417:Māyā
5394:Films
5271:Index
4618:Yerpa
4520:Zaxoi
4495:Nyêmo
4485:Namco
4475:Leten
4465:Horru
4435:Caina
4389:Nyêmo
4361:Dagzê
4323:Lhasa
4004:Samye
3876:Yerpa
3783:Lhasa
3391:Tibet
2194:西藏密教史
1984:katak
1918:Qamba
1860:lamas
1852:Nepal
1706:plaza
1632:Ngari
1609:stupa
1589:Gyasa
1557:belsa
1542:King
1475:Lhasa
1392:Gelug
1384:Lhasa
1368:Wylie
1354:, or
1350:, or
1163:Texts
1130:Losar
1088:Tulku
1078:Geshe
1031:Yerpa
1014:Shalu
1004:Sanga
999:Sakya
848:Laity
762:Karma
631:Sakya
602:Marpa
595:Kagyu
527:Atiśa
458:Gelug
448:Kagyu
438:Sakya
433:Kadam
163:Style
152:China
139:Lhasa
114:Deity
107:Gelug
7694:Pāḷi
7679:Māra
7589:Flag
6990:Iran
6914:Tuva
6859:Laos
6487:Lama
6335:Śīla
6303:Śīla
6291:Pīti
6281:Sati
6232:Puja
6153:Koan
6059:Dāna
5650:Yasa
5537:Tārā
5130:G318
5125:G109
4394:Qüxü
4180:Kham
4087:Ngor
3710:ISBN
3689:ISBN
3675:ISBN
3627:ISBN
3606:ISBN
3585:ISBN
3564:ISBN
3543:ISBN
3522:ISBN
3501:ISBN
3480:ISBN
3459:ISBN
3438:ISBN
3417:ISBN
3396:ISBN
3375:ISBN
3354:ISBN
3333:ISBN
3312:ISBN
3252:ISBN
3135:2015
3098:ISBN
3062:2018
3040:2018
3013:2015
2924:ISBN
2891:2022
2868:2022
2822:ISBN
2756:ISBN
2673:ISBN
2601:ISBN
2564:ISBN
2531:ISBN
2462:ISBN
2429:ISBN
2396:ISBN
2364:ISBN
2232:ISBN
2199:ISBN
2167:ISBN
2162:印度通史
2035:and
1723:Two
1504:Rasa
1376:ZYPY
1326:The
1061:Lama
1009:Sera
992:Rato
463:Rimé
264:Area
102:Sect
7416:Art
7352:Wat
5888:Zen
1814:by
1628:Bon
1581:Hun
1344:大昭寺
1207:Art
7881::
6918:ru
3200:^
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