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studied in any detail; the larvae and juveniles of Darwin's slimehead are pelagic and frequent rather shallow waters near the coast, whereas in orange roughy, the early life stages are apparently confined to deeper water (around 200 m). Slimeheads are very slow-growing and long-lived fish; the orange
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conditions to congregate during their inactive and active phases. Observations of orange roughy aggregations during submersible dives have also shown the fish lose almost all pigmentation while inactive, during which time they are very approachable. The orange roughy's metabolic phases are thought to
562:
Slimehead behaviour is not well studied, but some species sporadically form dense aggregations. In the case of the orange roughy, these aggregations (possibly segregated according to sex) may reach a population density of 2.5/m;. The aggregations form in and around geologic structures, such as
463:
as is found in other beryciform fish. The largest species is the orange roughy at a maximum standard length (SL; a measurement excluding the caudal fin) of 75 cm and a weight of 7 kg; however, most slimeheads are well under 30 cm SL.
429:
possesses four to seven procurrent spines on each lobe. The scales of slimeheads are ctenoid, but vary interspecifically; they range from deciduous to adherent. In most species, the ventral scales between the pelvic fin and
445:
Slimeheads range from a bright brick red with identically shaded fins, to dusky grey or silver, to black with dusky grey to transparent fins. The reds quickly fade to orange following death. Some species (e.g.,
571:, likely where water movement and mixing is high, ensuring dense concentrations of prey items. The aggregations do not necessarily form for the purpose of spawning; it is thought that the fish cycle through
484:
depths (about 100 – 1,500 m) with usually hard, rocky substrates are frequented. The most elongate species are typically the most active and frequent the shallowest depths; for example, the
339:, and (in some species) bright colours. The head is especially notable for its network of mucus-filled canals, which constitute the cranial portion of the
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116:
610:, floating with the currents until the larvae develop the strength to determine their own way. Only the economically important species have had their
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be related to seasonal variations in the fish's prey concentrations, with the inactive phase being a means to conserve energy during lean periods.
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roughy ranks among the longest-lived animals known, with a maximum reported age of 149 years (however, this age is disputed).
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With a typically deep-bodied, laterally compressed form, slimeheads are conspicuous for their large, titular heads, large
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is uninterrupted and fairly obvious; its pores are largely obscured by the scales' well-developed spinules or ctenii.
727:
692:
670:
722:. Peter B. Moyle and Joseph J. Cech, Jr; p. 365. Printed in 2004. Prentice-Hall, Inc; Upper Saddle River, NJ.
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401:) is another large (60 cm standard length), commercially important species. Its morphology is typical of the family.
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716:(2002), 82:321–331. Pascal Lorance, Franz Uiblein, and Daniel Latrouite. Retrieved March 2, 2005.
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315:, the future viability of these fisheries has been put into question. Orange roughies are
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354:(Melamphaidae). The trachichthyid head is typically blunt with a large and oblique
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differ in form from other members of the family; their bodies are more elongated.
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and are marketed fresh and frozen, whereas Darwin's slimeheads are used for their
307:. Many populations have already crashed, while others are showing signs of severe
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358:; the snout may project slightly in front of the upper jaw. A short, sharp
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606:) is seen in some species. The fertilized eggs (and later the larvae) are
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has two or three spines and eight to 12 soft rays; and even the forked
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is of the same habitus, but is rather deep-bodied and resembles a
587:; that is, spawning aggregations are formed and the fish release
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177:
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of slimeheads are not well known, but include large deep-roving
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370:, the latter spine directed posteriorly. Species of the genera
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system. Similar cranial networks are found in the beryciform
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are thoracic with one spine and six or seven soft rays; the
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231:
707:"Habitat, behaviour and colour patterns of orange roughy
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549:
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336:
320:
252:– "fish"). Found in temperate to tropical waters of the
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phases (feeding and resting) and seek areas with ideal
227:, are mostly small, exceptionally long-lived, deep-sea
714:
Journal of the Marine
Biological Association of the UK
514:. Both young and adult slimeheads feed primarily upon
434:
have been modified into a median ridge of large, bony
417:has three to eight spines and 10–19 soft rays; the
476:, spending most of their time near the bottom of
1051:
711:(Pisces: Trachichthyidae) in the Bay of Biscay"
555:, which aid the fish in maintaining neutral
496:coastal waters and is associated with rocky
295:) – are the target of extensive commercial
272:. Slimeheads are named for the network of
29:
693:Learn how and when to remove this message
656:This article includes a list of general
390:
765:
1052:
720:Fishes: An introduction to ichthyology
504:and hides in crevices during the day.
362:is present on the preoperculum and/or
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790:
598:directly into the water. Evidence of
409:are spinous (excluding the low-slung
1024:AC642D14-3A50-FFD1-34F2-F943DE1629EF
985:724d0cd0-4ff9-4444-b531-a7e18971ff6b
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13:
662:it lacks sufficient corresponding
311:; due to slimeheads' slow rate of
14:
1076:
545:fish. Slimeheads store energy as
472:Most slimeheads are sluggish and
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279:The larger species – namely the
264:, the family comprises about 50
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467:
759:
735:
330:
1:
638:
276:canals riddling their heads.
1065:Taxa named by Pieter Bleeker
7:
10:
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413:) and rounded: the single
347:(Anoplogastridae) and the
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50:Scientific classification
48:
37:
28:
23:
771:"Family Trachichthyidae"
769:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
583:Slimeheads are pelagic
779:. October 2012 version.
709:Hoplostethus atlanticus
677:more precise citations.
285:Hoplostethus atlanticus
43:Hoplostethus atlanticus
507:Trachichthys australis
449:Aulotrachichthys latus
402:
1006:Paleobiology Database
752:Paleobiology Database
452:) are reported to be
398:Gephyroberyx darwinii
394:
293:Gephyroberyx darwinii
395:Darwin's slimehead (
500:. This species is
478:continental slopes
403:
349:stephanoberyciform
289:Darwin's slimehead
241:(derived from the
107:Trachichthyiformes
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993:Open Tree of Life
793:Taxon identifiers
703:
702:
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490:Optivus elongatus
480:. Cold, moderate
234:constituting the
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673:this article by
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379:Paratrachichthys
219:, also known as
185:Paratrachichthys
149:Aulotrachichthys
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117:Trachichthyoidei
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33:
21:
20:
16:Family of fishes
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669:Please help to
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633:snake mackerels
629:merluccid hakes
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239:Trachichthyidae
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127:Trachichthyidae
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12:
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625:cutthroat eels
492:) is found in
486:slender roughy
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454:bioluminescent
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323:and made into
262:Pacific Oceans
248:– "rough" and
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683:November 2008
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368:temporal bone
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612:reproduction
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537:, and other
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468:Life history
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440:lateral line
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385:Sorosichthys
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341:lateral line
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313:reproduction
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206:Trachichthys
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199:Sorosichthys
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163:Hoplostethus
161:
156:Gephyroberyx
154:
147:
126:
42:
18:
918:iNaturalist
825:Wikispecies
745:Hoplopteryx
675:introducing
600:oceanodromy
539:crustaceans
531:euphausiids
516:zooplankton
512:soldierfish
419:pelvic fins
331:Description
309:overfishing
305:New Zealand
192:Parinoberyx
171:Hoplopteryx
1054:Categories
658:references
639:References
608:planktonic
602:(seasonal
577:hydrologic
427:caudal fin
415:dorsal fin
352:ridgeheads
345:fangtooths
274:muciferous
229:beryciform
217:Slimeheads
113:Suborder:
24:Slimehead
617:Predators
604:migration
573:metabolic
569:seamounts
563:undersea
527:amphipods
502:nocturnal
458:symbiotic
366:and post-
364:operculum
317:food fish
301:Australia
297:fisheries
268:in eight
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
816:Q1475478
810:Wikidata
776:FishBase
596:en masse
585:spawners
557:buoyancy
518:such as
474:demersal
461:bacteria
423:anal fin
325:fishmeal
254:Atlantic
221:roughies
123:Family:
87:Chordata
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
671:improve
565:canyons
373:Optivus
266:species
250:ichthys
246:trachys
225:redfish
178:Optivus
140:Genera
132:Bleeker
103:Order:
93:Class:
1037:125459
1011:127112
998:493179
982:NZOR:
949:166135
936:115300
726:
660:, but
631:, and
621:sharks
553:esters
543:larval
535:prawns
523:shrimp
494:photic
438:. The
436:scutes
382:, and
287:) and
270:genera
260:, and
258:Indian
236:family
134:, 1859
1032:WoRMS
1019:Plazi
975:96776
931:IRMNG
923:86106
593:sperm
520:mysid
498:reefs
360:spine
356:mouth
243:Greek
970:NCBI
944:ITIS
910:2972
905:GBIF
897:8235
871:1212
866:BOLD
724:ISBN
591:and
589:eggs
567:and
432:anus
407:fins
405:All
337:eyes
303:and
299:off
232:fish
223:and
957:NBN
892:EoL
884:HC8
879:CoL
853:AFD
840:ADW
550:wax
321:oil
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690:(
685:)
681:(
667:.
488:(
291:(
283:(
168:†
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
