342:
192:
717:
732:
606:
702:
1434:
47:
1448:
1462:
104:
1420:
496:
644:, or privadoes ... . And we see plainly that this hath been done, not by weak and passionate princes only, but by the wisest and most politic that ever reigned; who have oftentimes joined to themselves some of their servants; whom both themselves have called friends, and allowed other likewise to call them in the same manner; using the word which is received between private men.
475:, who had been a leader of Parliamentary opposition to Buckingham and the King, but had become his supporter after Charles made concessions. Strafford can therefore hardly be called a favourite in the usual sense, although his relationship with Charles became very close. He was also from a well-established family, with powerful relations. After several years in power, Strafford was
138:, when government had become too complex for many hereditary rulers with no great interest in or talent for it, and political institutions were still evolving. From 1600 to 1660 there were particular successions of all-powerful minister-favourites in much of Europe, particularly in Spain, England, France and Sweden.
483:
for his execution without trial, and it put enough pressure on
Charles that, to his subsequent regret, Charles signed it, and Strafford was executed in 1641. There were later minister-favourites in England, but they knew that the favour of the monarch alone was not sufficient to rule, and most also
271:
The favourite can often not be easily distinguished from the successful royal administrator, who at the top of the tree certainly needed the favour of the monarch, but the term is generally used of those who first came into contact with the monarch through the social life of the court, rather than
213:
were sometimes obliged by political pressure to dismiss or execute them; in the Middle Ages nobles often rebelled in order to seize and kill a favourite. Too close a relationship between monarch and favourite was seen as a breach of the natural order and hierarchy of society. Since many favourites
639:
It is a strange thing to observe, how high a rate great kings and monarchs do set upon this fruit of friendship, whereof we speak: So great, as they purchase it, many times, at the hazard of their own safety and greatness. For princes, in regard of the distance of their fortune from that of their
222:
grew in importance, they too often strongly disliked favourites. Dislike from all classes could be especially intense in the case of favourites who were elevated from humble, or at least minor, backgrounds by royal favour. Titles and estates were usually given lavishly to favourites, who were
640:
subjects and servants, cannot gather this fruit, except (to make themselves capable thereof) they raise some persons to be, as it were, companions and almost equals to themselves, which many times sorteth to inconvenience. The modern languages give unto such persons the name of
164:", "friend", "companion", or "lover" (of either sex). Some favourites had sexual relations with their monarch (or the monarch's spouse), but this was far from universal. Many were favoured for their skill as administrators, while others were close friends of the monarch.
408:, acquired a title and important military commands before he was executed on vague charges brought by nobles shortly after his master died, without the knowledge of the new king. It has been claimed that le Daim's career was the origin of the term, as
681:, a seminal study on the subject. According to Bérenger, the simultaneous success of minister-favourites in several monarchies of the 17th-century was not coincidental, but reflected some change that was taking place at the time.
663:: "He was a favourite, and favourites have always been odious in this country. No mere favourite had been at the head of the government since the dagger of Felton had reached the heart of the Duke of Buckingham".
549:
Favourites were the subject of much contemporary debate, some of it involving a certain amount of danger for the participants. There were many
English plays on the subject; amongst the best known are Marlowe's
260:, were often less resented and lasted longer. Successful minister-favourites also usually needed networks of their own favourites and relatives to help them carry out the work of government –
439:
Such rises from menial positions became progressively harder as the centuries progressed; one of the last families able to jump the widening chasm between servants and nobility was that of
510:
in 1661, the 23-year-old Louis XIV determined that he would rule himself, and he did not allow the delegation of power to ministers that had happened during the previous 40 years. The
447:, whose descendants, holding the office for a further three generations, married into many great families, even eventually including the extended royal family itself. Queen Victoria's
292:
from the time she ascended the throne in 1558 until his death 40 years later. She had more colourful relationships with several courtiers; the most lasting and intimate one was with
338:, like his father, was a trusted Habsburg minister who lived grandly, but he was not really a favourite, partly because most of his career was spent away from the monarch.
1089:
244:
Their falls could be even more sudden, but after about 1650, executions tended to give way to quiet retirement. Favourites who came from the higher nobility, such as
1753:
995:
1822:
991:
249:
686:
485:
154:
130:, among other times and places, the term was used of individuals delegated significant political power by a ruler. It was especially a phenomenon of the
1126:
1381:
1063:
994:, died 1625, the first "valido", a semi-official title for Spanish favourites-ran Spain for 20 years before falling from favour and being replaced by
1376:
523:
1222:
710:
1069:
451:
came much too late; the devotion of the monarch and ability to terrorise her household led to hardly any rise in social or economic position.
214:
had flamboyant "over-reaching" personalities, they often led the way to their own downfall with their rash behaviour. As the opinions of the
1282:
526:, the army, but the overall direction was never delegated, and no subsequent French minister ever equalled the power of the two cardinals.
253:
1757:
1815:
310:
was one figure who rose through the administrative hierarchy, lived extremely ostentatiously, then fell suddenly from power. In the
1041:
618:
1153:
1113:
1025:
720:
472:
464:
341:
195:
107:
1129:(died 1722) through force of character enjoyed extraordinary power successively in the courts of France, Spain and the English
693:), undertaken to explore the matter put forward by Bérenger, became the most important comparative treatment of this subject.
191:
568:, accused of "Popery and treason", as the play was claimed by his enemies to contain allusions to the contemporary court of
296:, who was also a leading politician. Only in her last decade was the position of the Cecils, father and son, challenged, by
1808:
963:
929:
677:
245:
228:
1980:
1272:
301:
1045:
1001:
975:
297:
1795:
1738:
1200:
1049:
716:
265:
90:
68:
61:
2118:
1358:
293:
150:
1161:
17:
1781:
1173:, came from the most humble origins and attained enormous power, not least after the Tsar's death, when he was
1166:
1086:'s public decision that he would thenceforward "govern alone" marked the end of the golden age of the favourite
731:
1613:
656:
335:
146:
35:
1285:(died 1793) was the favourite of the last queen of France, Marie-Antoinette, and one of the few women that
1157:
397:
518:, Mazarin's predecessor, was to be led by the monarch himself. Louis had many powerful ministers, notably
2415:
1263:
1103:
921:
885:, but tried to seize part of the kingdom for himself, and was strangled personally by his monarch in 1086
459:
In
England, the scope for giving political power to a favourite was reduced by the growing importance of
365:
276:, whose accelerated rise through the administrative ranks owed much to their personal relations with the
2065:
1831:
1192:
1148:
902:
706:
1037:
2425:
1525:
420:; in Spanish, both terms were less derogatory than in French and English. Spain had a succession of
169:
31:
314:
in particular, many royal favourites were promoted in the church, English examples including Saints
2351:
1324:
1196:
943:
837:
55:
1372:
1206:
939:
2183:
1530:
1218:
1107:
1048:, 37 to James' 13 when they met, was forced into exile by opponents, and eventually succeeded by
605:
2080:
967:
851:
468:
281:
280:, but who did not attempt to behave like grandees of the nobility, were also often successful.
179:
72:
1646:
534:
2346:
2263:
1879:
1545:
1121:
1117:
1093:
925:
756:
701:
519:
488:
was created, formalizing the replacement of ministers chosen by the monarch with a political
460:
389:
273:
123:
2137:
1340:
1183:
2336:
2253:
2248:
1874:
1680:
1582:
1247:
for two years, but continued to have enormous power in the government for a further fifteen
1187:
1136:
1033:
1011:
892:
776:
448:
8:
2420:
2143:
1730:
1391:
1354:
1296:
1295:, whose unpopularity led, along with Napoleon's dynastic ambitions, to the abdication of
1254:
1244:
1019:
986:
766:
440:
429:
385:
353:
289:
232:
174:
127:
1559:
2288:
2213:
1404:
1395:
1367:
1073:
1029:
906:
863:
790:
569:
515:
489:
444:
433:
425:
405:
361:
345:
285:
261:
1097:
905:, also possibly the lover of Edward II, was captured and killed in a rebellion led by
675:
published "Pour une enquête européenne, l'histoire du ministeriat au XVIIe siècle" in
111:
2410:
2379:
2341:
2283:
2075:
1927:
1869:
1791:
1777:
1734:
1697:
Published 1597, perhaps the earliest use of the word in
English, it is missed by the
1519:
1363:
1170:
1144:
597:
530:
511:
480:
323:
1072:
in France, executed in 1642 after leading a conspiracy against his rival and patron
912:
2405:
2208:
2108:
1957:
1350:
1344:
1306:
1302:
1276:
1267:
1258:
1240:
1231:
1210:
1079:
1055:
957:
916:
868:
859:
556:
541:, the control of government into a single pair of hands had already been weakened.
507:
500:
257:
237:
1506:
970:
for 30 years, rumoured lover and long-term candidate for her hand; also a leading
672:
596:, badly disappointed in his hopes of becoming a favourite, and Cardinal Wolsey in
2374:
1995:
1724:
1475:
1453:
1425:
1400:
1292:
1015:
735:
724:
401:
331:
307:
160:
The term is also sometimes employed by writers who want to avoid terms such as "
2178:
2126:
1990:
1846:
1467:
1336:
1286:
1028:, very influential politically and assassinated in 1628, was favourite to both
953:
947:
888:
821:
809:
739:
660:
479:
by a
Parliament now very hostile to him. When that process failed, it passed a
393:
327:
223:
compared to mushrooms because they sprang up suddenly overnight, from a bed of
205:
Favourites inevitably tended to incur the envy and loathing of the rest of the
161:
142:
1800:
1100:
was out to steal his throne and, as a result, Afonso had her sent to a convent
364:
infuriated everyone else at court but managed to retire a wealthy man; unlike
2399:
2227:
2163:
2060:
1975:
1932:
1676:
1486:
1439:
1320:
1316:
1230:, who amassed an enormous fortune during the latter part of the reign of the
862:. Basil later had Michael killed and succeeded as sole emperor, founding the
817:
648:
625:
565:
319:
1985:
1044:
on favourites, although whether sexual activity took place remains unclear.
388:
nobles revolted against him and hanged him and other low-born favourites of
268:, who both died in office, successfully trained their sons to succeed them.
2028:
2012:
1942:
1919:
1864:
1250:
1235:
1214:
1186:(1700-1763), greedy, venal and ultimately disastrous Prime Minister of the
682:
577:
272:
the business of politics or administration. Figures like
William Cecil and
135:
131:
1447:
1195:
in
Denmark, the royal doctor, who ran the government of the schizophrenic
2384:
2369:
2321:
2304:
2222:
1952:
1480:
1062:, very successfully, for over 40 years until his death in 1654, when his
1006:
982:
899:
when Edward went abroad, but was executed after capture by rebels in 1312
855:
780:
762:
589:
476:
381:
311:
219:
103:
1419:
1266:(died 1810), was a lover and trusted friend of the last Queen of France
2331:
2258:
2087:
2038:
1967:
1859:
1385:
1130:
1018:
in 1617. Concini owed his favour to his wife's close relationship with
652:
561:
506:
In France, the movement was in the opposite direction. On the death of
412:(the French word) first appeared around the time of his death in 1484.
400:(1609-1618) and cardinal, was the son of a Protestant baker in Vienna.
369:
2113:
2326:
2273:
2195:
2168:
2002:
1937:
1854:
1701:, who give the Shakespeare use quoted above, perhaps written in 1598.
1083:
950:, who ordered his execution in 1536, possibly on suspicion of treason
373:
224:
167:
The term has an inbuilt element of disapproval and is defined by the
1384:
refused to become the mistress of Louis XIV, and became his second,
122:
was the intimate companion of a ruler or other important person. In
2268:
2103:
2070:
1947:
1904:
1889:
1884:
845:
841:
827:
813:
799:
610:
593:
581:
206:
723:
wearing the symbol of her office and authority: the gold key. Sir
635:
to the subject, writing as a rising politician under
Elizabeth I:
173:
as "One who stands unduly high in the favour of a prince", citing
2232:
2200:
2190:
2053:
2043:
1894:
1178:
878:
831:
805:
795:
786:
585:
573:
495:
377:
348:, one of the most successful from the golden age of the favourite
315:
277:
264:
had his "créatures" and
Olivares his "hechuras". Oxenstierna and
210:
1110:
before trying to kill him, and then defecting to
Swedish service
416:
in Spanish was older, but was later partly replaced by the term
2173:
2048:
2007:
1310:
1227:
1082:, governed France for almost 20 years until his death in 1661;
1059:
971:
933:
896:
614:
357:
215:
199:
2361:
2314:
2309:
2033:
1909:
1140:
882:
873:
772:
748:
629:
153:
declined, executive power slowly passed to the new office of
149:, while in Britain, as the power of the monarch relative to
2278:
1899:
752:
1036:. James, who had been effectively orphaned as a baby, and
1698:
747:
Biblical figures with many elements of the favourite are
231:
is a "night-grown mushrump" (mushroom) to his enemies in
1614:"Melchior Khlesl - Fighter and Tactician on many fronts"
1090:
Luís de Vasconcelos e Sousa, 3rd Count of Castelo Melhor
1774:
Leicester and the Court: Essays in Elizabethan Politics
1299:
in 1808, after which Godoy spent over 40 years in exile
588:, was the subject of numerous works all around Europe.
141:
By the late 17th century, the royal favourite as quasi-
27:
Intimate companion of a ruler or other important person
1014:, arranged the murder of the Queen Mother's favourite
974:
and statesman. He was succeeded by his rasher stepson
554:, in which Piers Gaveston is a leading character, and
1257:
who later took substantial part in the murder of her
915:
executed in 1453 after pressure from the nobility of
1505:
Elliott:5, summarising the work of French historian
1415:
1517:
996:
Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel, Count-Duke of Olivares
930:
Archibald "Bell the Cat" Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus
689:'s work (that resulted in the collection of essays
352:Some favourites came from very humble backgrounds:
1518:
1052:; despite titles and wealth, both ended unhappily.
992:Francisco Goméz de Sandoval y Rojas, Duke of Lerma
628:, almost a favourite himself, devoted much of his
1096:; notably, he convinced the king that his mother
871:came to the attention of the Muslim ruler of the
108:Equestrian portrait of the Count-Duke of Olivares
2397:
1710:Essay on "The Earl of Chatham", quoted Elliott:1
1375:, mistress of Louis XIV of France, succeeded by
1127:Marie-Anne de la Trémoille, princesse des Ursins
186:
1830:
978:who was executed in 1601 after an abortive coup
891:, 1st Earl of Cornwall, possibly the lover of
592:was more cautious, and with the exceptions of
524:François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois
1816:
1177:ruler for two years until he was banished to
1092:, was the favourite of the mentally-unstable
985:" ("the Darlings"), a group of favourites of
1283:Gabrielle de Polastron, Duchesse de Polignac
1070:Henri Coiffier de Ruzé, Marquis of Cinq-Mars
932:and hanged along with his confederates from
533:, when Olivares was succeeded by his nephew
177:: "Like favourites/ Made proud by Princes" (
300:, when he fatally attempted a coup against
1823:
1809:
1758:National Portrait Gallery (United Kingdom)
1718:
1716:
1407:, guillotined during the French Revolution
1279:and stayed faithful to her until her death
1147:, his influences over the King led to the
145:declined; in France, the King resolved to
1726:The Emergence of León-Castile C.1065-1500
1243:(died 1791) was the lover of the Empress
895:, was given high office, including being
602:, he gives no major parts to favourites.
91:Learn how and when to remove this message
1221:, whilst possibly having an affair with
1116:, a transitional figure as a protégé of
854:, born a peasant, became a favourite of
730:
715:
700:
619:National Archaeological Museum of Athens
604:
494:
484:had careers in Parliament. In 1721, the
340:
190:
102:
54:This article includes a list of general
1722:
1713:
1611:
1154:Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough
1114:Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
1026:George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham
960:, who dismissed him from court in 1442.
721:Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough
666:
473:Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford
14:
2398:
1253:was the last favourite of the Empress
1160:, eventually supplanted by her cousin
858:, who raised him to co-emperor of the
1804:
1786:J.H. Elliott and LWB Brockliss, eds,
1675:
696:
372:(probably a senior one, more like an
157:and other parliamentary ministers.
1546:participating institution membership
1120:who also had a successful career in
998:who ran Spain for a further 20 years
964:Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester
928:, taken by a cabal of nobles led by
40:
1275:(died 1792) was the dear friend of
1273:Marie-Louise, princesse de Lamballe
24:
1076:, who governed France for 18 years
976:Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex
738:, Príncipe de la Paz, portrait by
298:Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex
60:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
2437:
1264:Count Axel von Fersen the Younger
1139:, Greek first counsellor of King
1050:Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset
1460:
1446:
1432:
1418:
1359:James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray
1046:Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox
881:through his poetry and skill at
544:
294:Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester
45:
1747:
1704:
1691:
1669:
1660:
1651:
1203:, before being executed in 1772
1162:Abigail Masham, Baroness Masham
1002:Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes
1640:
1631:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1576:
1552:
1511:
1499:
1241:Grigory Alexandrovich Potemkin
812:poet and alleged favourite of
13:
1:
1766:
1760:. Retrieved on 7 August 2007.
1330:
1199:whilst having an affair with
471:in 1628, Charles I turned to
187:Rises and falls of favourites
36:The Favorite (disambiguation)
1754:Portraits of Sarah Churchill
1560:"Much Ado About Nothing 3.1"
1158:Anne, Queen of Great Britain
486:new office of Prime Minister
7:
1832:Interpersonal relationships
1666:Blair Worden in Elliott:171
1411:
10:
2442:
2066:Queerplatonic relationship
1788:The World of the Favourite
1723:Todesca, James J. (2016).
1564:www.shakespeare-online.com
1334:
1305:, Mystic favourite of the
1251:Platon Alexandrovich Zubov
1193:Johann Friedrich Struensee
1169:, lifelong best friend of
1149:Siamese revolution of 1688
903:Hugh Despenser the Younger
707:Hugh Despenser the Younger
691:The World of the Favourite
454:
29:
2360:
2297:
2241:
2156:
2096:
2021:
1966:
1918:
1845:
1838:
1612:Haberer, Michael (2023).
1526:Oxford English Dictionary
848:, who executed him in 190
824:after his beloved's death
711:a manuscript of Froissart
584:was vividly described by
170:Oxford English Dictionary
32:Favorite (disambiguation)
1493:
1325:President of South Korea
1156:, domineering friend of
1042:very prone to dependency
802:, who executed him in 31
396:, minister-favourite of
1618:www.michael-haberer.com
1531:Oxford University Press
1219:Frederick VI of Denmark
1108:Christian IV of Denmark
1038:was possibly homosexual
830:, favourite of Emperor
463:. After the "mushroom"
227:. The King's favourite
75:more precise citations.
1255:Catherine II of Russia
1245:Catherine II of Russia
1058:ran the government of
968:Elizabeth I of England
852:Basil I the Macedonian
743:
728:
713:
646:
622:
564:was called before the
503:
349:
202:
196:The Duke of Buckingham
180:Much Ado about Nothing
115:
1981:Friends with benefits
1880:Same-sex relationship
1602:Adams pp. 17–18
1373:Louise de La Vallière
1207:Frederick von Blücher
1118:Charles II of England
1106:became son-in-law to
1094:Afonso VI of Portugal
940:Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha
926:James III of Scotland
734:
719:
704:
637:
608:
520:Jean-Baptiste Colbert
498:
424:during the reigns of
390:James III of Scotland
344:
274:Jean-Baptiste Colbert
194:
106:
2337:Relationship anarchy
1875:Domestic partnership
1731:Taylor & Francis
1188:Electorate of Saxony
1137:Constantine Phaulkon
1034:Charles I of England
893:Edward II of England
667:Study of the subject
467:was assassinated by
30:For other uses, see
2144:Romantic friendship
1776:Manchester UP 2002
1583:s:Edward the Second
1529:(Online ed.).
1392:Madame de Pompadour
1382:Madame de Maintenon
1377:Madame de Montespan
1355:James V of Scotland
1297:Charles IV of Spain
1167:Alexander Menshikov
987:Henry III of France
767:Alexander the Great
535:Luis Méndez de Haro
529:In Spain under the
522:, in finances, and
354:Archibald Armstrong
290:Lord High Treasurer
233:Christopher Marlowe
198:by the workshop of
128:early-modern Europe
2416:Late modern Europe
2289:Unconditional love
2138:Maîtresse-en-titre
2121:à la façon du pays
1405:Louis XV of France
1396:Louis XV of France
1368:Henry II of France
1341:Maîtresse-en-titre
1313:, murdered in 1916
1184:Heinrich von Brühl
1074:Cardinal Richelieu
864:Macedonian dynasty
791:Emperor Hui of Han
744:
729:
714:
697:Notable favourites
687:Laurence Brockliss
623:
576:, whose career in
570:James I of England
560:(1603), for which
516:Cardinal Richelieu
504:
490:head of government
445:Alexandre Bontemps
362:James I of England
350:
346:Cardinal Richelieu
336:Cardinal Granvelle
286:Secretary of State
203:
116:
2393:
2392:
2380:Domestic violence
2152:
2151:
1928:Open relationship
1870:Significant other
1544:(Subscription or
1403:, later lover of
1364:Diane de Poitiers
1289:liked and trusted
1171:Peter I of Russia
820:around 125 CE at
783:(2nd century BCE)
769:(4th century BCE)
705:The execution of
651:wrote in 1844 of
512:absolute monarchy
481:bill of attainder
324:William Waynflete
302:the younger Cecil
101:
100:
93:
16:(Redirected from
2433:
2426:Royal favourites
1843:
1842:
1825:
1818:
1811:
1802:
1801:
1790:,1999, Yale UP,
1761:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1720:
1711:
1708:
1702:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1673:
1667:
1664:
1658:
1655:
1649:
1644:
1638:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1594:
1591:
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1351:Margaret Erskine
1345:Mistress (lover)
1303:Grigori Rasputin
1277:Marie-Antoinette
1268:Marie-Antoinette
1232:Qianlong Emperor
1211:Adjutant-General
1209:in Denmark, the
1080:Cardinal Mazarin
1056:Axel Oxenstierna
1020:Marie de' Medici
958:Sejong the Great
860:Byzantine Empire
557:Sejanus His Fall
537:, the last real
508:Cardinal Mazarin
501:Grigory Potemkin
404:, the barber of
398:Emperor Matthias
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2017:
1996:One-night stand
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1426:Politics portal
1424:
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1347:
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1319:, favourite of
1293:Manuel de Godoy
1104:Corfitz Ulfeldt
1098:Luisa de Guzmán
1016:Concino Concini
1004:in France, the
956:, favourite of
942:, favourite of
924:, favourite of
922:Robert Cochrane
798:, favourite of
789:, favourite of
775:, favourite of
765:, favourite of
736:Manuel de Godoy
725:Godfrey Kneller
699:
669:
599:Henry VIII
547:
457:
402:Olivier le Daim
366:Robert Cochrane
332:Walter Reynolds
308:Cardinal Wolsey
189:
112:Diego Velázquez
97:
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67:Please help to
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1353:, mistress of
1337:Royal mistress
1332:
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1287:King Louis XVI
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979:
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954:Jang Yeong-sil
951:
948:Ottoman Empire
937:
919:
913:Álvaro de Luna
910:
907:Edward's Queen
900:
889:Piers Gaveston
886:
866:
849:
835:
825:
822:Kabilar Kundru
803:
793:
784:
770:
760:
759:(of a pharaoh)
698:
695:
668:
665:
661:Prime Minister
655:'s old tutor,
546:
543:
456:
453:
394:Melchior Klesl
328:Robert Burnell
229:Piers Gaveston
188:
185:
162:royal mistress
155:Prime Minister
143:Prime Minister
136:17th centuries
124:post-classical
99:
98:
53:
51:
44:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2199:
2197:
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2172:
2170:
2167:
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2159:
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2081:Consequential
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2061:Platonic love
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1976:Casual dating
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1796:0-300-07644-4
1793:
1789:
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1740:9781317034353
1736:
1732:
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1719:
1717:
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1685:authorama.com
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1521:
1514:
1508:
1507:Jean Bérenger
1502:
1498:
1489:
1488:
1487:The Favourite
1484:
1482:
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1477:
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1473:
1469:
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1440:Europe portal
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1342:
1338:
1326:
1322:
1321:Park Geun-hye
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1317:Choi Soon-sil
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990:
988:
984:
980:
977:
973:
969:
966:favourite of
965:
962:
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952:
949:
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927:
923:
920:
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890:
887:
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844:favourite of
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818:vatakkiruttal
815:
811:
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777:Emperor Gaozu
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712:
708:
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694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
679:
674:
673:Jean Bérenger
664:
662:
659:, who became
658:
654:
650:
649:Lord Macaulay
645:
643:
636:
634:
633:On Friendship
631:
627:
626:Francis Bacon
620:
616:
612:
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603:
601:
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595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
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566:Privy Council
563:
559:
558:
553:
545:In literature
542:
540:
536:
532:
527:
525:
521:
517:
514:pioneered by
513:
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478:
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380:) who became
379:
375:
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329:
325:
321:
320:Thomas Becket
317:
313:
309:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
284:had Cecil as
283:
279:
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269:
267:
266:William Cecil
263:
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92:
84:
81:February 2024
74:
70:
64:
63:
57:
52:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
2322:Gold digging
2136:
2131:
2120:
2029:Acquaintance
2022:Non-romantic
2013:Sugar dating
1943:Polyfidelity
1920:Non-monogamy
1865:Cohabitation
1787:
1773:
1749:
1725:
1706:
1693:
1684:
1671:
1662:
1653:
1642:
1633:
1621:. Retrieved
1617:
1607:
1598:
1589:
1578:
1567:. Retrieved
1563:
1554:
1534:. Retrieved
1524:
1513:
1501:
1485:
1259:son and heir
1215:Hofmarschall
1174:
1032:and his son
1005:
872:
690:
683:J.H. Elliott
676:
670:
647:
641:
638:
632:
624:
598:
578:Ancient Rome
555:
551:
548:
538:
528:
505:
458:
438:
421:
417:
413:
409:
351:
306:
270:
243:
236:
204:
178:
168:
166:
159:
140:
119:
117:
87:
78:
59:
2385:Elder abuse
2370:Child abuse
2305:Bride price
2223:Meet market
2205:Separation
1953:Concubinage
1657:Elliott:2-3
1520:"favourite"
1481:Hanimefendi
983:Les Mignons
856:Michael III
763:Hephaestion
657:John Stuart
590:Shakespeare
469:John Felton
441:Louis XIV's
384:before the
382:Earl of Mar
312:Middle Ages
282:Elizabeth I
258:Oxenstierna
220:bourgeoisie
175:Shakespeare
73:introducing
2421:Government
2400:Categories
2342:Repression
2332:Infidelity
2259:Compersion
2254:Attachment
2097:Historical
2088:Sycophancy
2039:Friendship
1986:Enjo kōsai
1968:Casual sex
1860:Girlfriend
1782:0719053250
1767:References
1569:2019-01-23
1548:required.)
1536:23 January
1386:morganatic
1335:See also:
1331:Mistresses
1236:Qing China
1122:Parliament
1012:Louis XIII
944:Suleiman I
816:, died by
653:George III
642:favourites
562:Ben Jonson
465:Buckingham
461:Parliament
449:John Brown
430:Philip III
370:stonemason
322:; Bishops
288:and later
183:, 3.1.9).
151:Parliament
56:references
2327:Hypergamy
2298:Practices
2274:Limerence
2196:Annulment
2169:Courtship
2119:Marriage
2003:Courtesan
1938:Polyamory
1910:Widowhood
1855:Boyfriend
1647:some blog
1637:Elliott:1
1593:Elliott:6
1323:, former
1223:the Queen
1201:the Queen
1145:Ayutthaya
1084:Louis XIV
1066:took over
869:Ibn Ammar
781:Han China
552:Edward II
531:Habsburgs
477:impeached
434:Philip IV
426:Philip II
374:architect
262:Richelieu
246:Leicester
238:Edward II
225:excrement
120:favourite
2411:Monarchy
2269:Jealousy
2264:Intimacy
2249:Affinity
2242:Emotions
2109:Seraglio
2104:Cicisbeo
2076:Familiar
2071:Stranger
2054:Siblings
1958:Mistress
1948:Polygamy
1905:Soulmate
1890:Marriage
1885:Monogamy
1847:Romantic
1679:(1597).
1623:June 11,
1412:See also
1175:de facto
1131:Jacobite
1064:son Eric
846:Commodus
842:freedman
838:Cleander
834:, d. 130
828:Antinous
814:Vel Pari
800:Tiberius
709:, from
671:In 1974
611:Antinous
609:Bust of
594:Falstaff
582:Tiberius
406:Louis XI
386:Scottish
376:than an
254:Olivares
211:monarchs
207:nobility
2406:Royalty
2284:Passion
2233:Wedding
2214:Marital
2201:Divorce
2191:Breakup
2179:Romance
2164:Bonding
2114:Plaçage
2044:Kinship
1895:Husband
1179:Siberia
1030:James I
946:of the
917:Castile
909:in 1326
879:Seville
832:Hadrian
806:Kapilar
796:Sejanus
787:Hong Yu
678:Annales
586:Tacitus
574:Sejanus
499:Prince
455:Decline
443:valet,
422:validos
414:Privado
378:artisan
316:Dunstan
278:monarch
69:improve
2184:Mating
2174:Dating
2157:Events
2049:Family
2008:Gigolo
1794:
1780:
1737:
1343:, and
1311:Russia
1228:Heshen
1133:exiles
1060:Sweden
1040:, was
1007:mignon
972:patron
936:bridge
934:Lauder
897:Regent
757:Joseph
755:) and
727:, 1702
615:Patras
580:under
539:valido
432:, and
418:valido
410:favori
358:jester
256:, and
216:gentry
209:, and
200:Rubens
58:, but
2362:Abuse
2315:Dowry
2310:Dower
2209:Legal
2034:Enemy
1839:Types
1542:
1494:Notes
1388:wife.
1141:Narai
883:chess
874:taifa
810:Tamil
773:Ji Ru
749:David
630:essay
613:from
250:Lerma
2279:Love
1900:Wife
1792:ISBN
1778:ISBN
1735:ISBN
1625:2024
1538:2019
1213:and
808:, a
753:Saul
751:(of
740:Goya
685:and
368:, a
330:and
318:and
218:and
134:and
132:16th
126:and
34:and
1699:OED
1309:of
1234:of
1217:of
1143:of
1010:of
877:of
779:of
617:, (
360:to
235:'s
110:by
2402::
1756:.
1733:.
1729:.
1715:^
1683:.
1616:.
1562:.
1523:.
1339:,
840:,
572:.
492:.
436:.
428:,
392:.
356:,
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