1604:
728:
1565:
1461:
2104:
686:
10601:
10590:
3318:
8223:
3814:
27:
3336:
3304:
1367:). During the whole of the 18th century, Britain was involved in a prolonged conflict with France, periodically bursting into all-out war, and Britons took outspoken pride in their "Liberty" as contrasted to the "Tyranny" of French Absolute Monarchy; therefore, being implicitly compared with Richelieu was no compliment to Walpole. Over time, however, the title became honorific and remains so in the 21st century.
3760:
minister-designate". Neither term is strictly correct from a constitutional point of view, but they have wide acceptance. In a situation in which a ruling party elects or appoints a new leader, the incoming leader will usually be referred as "prime minister-in-waiting". An example or this situation was in 2016 in the United
Kingdom when
2416:
Secretary taking notes. The
Ministers then insist on changing game ages. The Prime Minister can also make a proposal which leaves enough room for amendments in order to keep the current discussion on the right tracks. When a solution must be found in order to reach a consensus, he can force one or two Ministers to join or resign.
2541:; Monaco, whose head of government is referred to as the Minister of State; and Vatican City, for which the head of government is titled the Secretary of State. A stand-out case is the president of Iran, who is not actually a head of state, but the head of the government of Iran. He is referred to as "president" in both the
8495:
The key landmark is the Bill of Rights (1689), which established the supremacy of
Parliament over the Crown.... The Bill of Rights (1689) then settled the primacy of Parliament over the monarch's prerogatives, providing for the regular meeting of Parliament, free elections to the Commons, free speech
2415:
First of all the Prime
Minister must listen a lot, and when deep disagreements occur, he must suggest a solution to the matter. This can be done in different ways. Sometimes during the discussion, I note the elements of the problem and think of a proposal I can formulate to the Council (cabinet), the
1555:
saw the
British model of cabinet government, headed by a prime minister, widely copied, both in other European countries and in British colonial territories as they developed self-government. In some places alternative titles such as "premier", "chief minister", "first minister of state", "president
2536:
It is convention in the
English language to call nearly all national heads of government "prime minister" (or sometimes the equivalent term "premier"), except in cases where the head of state and head of government are one position (usually a presidency), regardless of the correct title of the head
3743:
resignation occurs during a parliament session (unless the government has itself collapsed) the monarch will ask another member of the government to form a government. While previously the monarch had some leeway in whom to ask, all
British political parties now elect their leaders (until 1965 the
1892:
Appointment of the prime minister of France does not require any approval by the parliament either, but the parliament may force the resignation of the government. In these systems, it is possible for the president and the prime minister to be from different political parties if the legislature is
2399:
includes the Prime
Minister’s Office. Conversely, some Prime Minister's Offices incorporate the role of Cabinet, while Australia’s Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet joins them at par. In Israel, the prime minister's executive office is officially titled the "Prime Minister's Office" in
1439:
The monarch could dismiss the minister at any time, or worse: Cromwell was executed and
Clarendon driven into exile when they lost favour. Kings sometimes divided power equally between two or more ministers to prevent one minister from becoming too powerful. Late in Anne's reign, for example, the
3725:
existed for centuries, its first mention in official state documents did not occur until the first decade of the twentieth century. Accordingly, it is often said "not to exist"; indeed there are several instances of parliament declaring this to be the case. The prime minister sits in the cabinet
1519:
with his supporters. Under
Walpole, the doctrine of cabinet solidarity developed. Walpole required that no minister other than himself have private dealings with the king, and also that when the cabinet had agreed on a policy, all ministers must defend it in public, or resign. As a later prime
3742:
In such systems unwritten (and unenforceable) constitutional conventions often outline the order in which people are asked to form a government. If the prime minister resigns after a general election, the monarch usually asks the leader of the opposition to form a government. Where however a
869:, the prime minister is the leader or the most senior member of the cabinet, but not the head of government. As such, in South Korea, the prime minister is equivalent to that of a vice president which is the second in-command and assumes the presidency in the absence of the president.
3759:
During the period between the time it is clear that the incumbent government has been defeated at a general election, and the actual swearing-in of the new prime minister by the monarch, governor-general, or president, that person is referred to as the "prime minister-elect" or "prime
1968:
from among the members of Parliament, who then has a set timescale within which they must form a cabinet, and receive the confidence of Parliament after presenting the Cabinet Composition and Legislative Program to Parliament, and the formateur becomes prime minister once approved by
1576:
or ceremonial presidents. The main exceptions to this system include Switzerland and the United States, as well as the presidential republics in Latin America, such as Chile and Mexico, modelled on the U.S. system in which the president directly exercises executive authority.
2212:
The position of prime minister is usually chosen from the political party that commands - whether by itself or as the largest member of a coalition - the majority of seats in the lower house of parliament, though this is not a requirement either; for example, following the
3422:, partly formally codified and partly uncodified. The codified part originally made no reference whatsoever to a prime minister and still gives no parameters of the office. Instead, her or his powers, duties, appointment and termination follow uncodified conventions. The
2350:: i.e., they must include the name of an alternative prime minister; if the motion of no confidence is successful, the alternative prime minister automatically takes office in place of the incumbent government, which cannot appeal this replacement to the electorate.
1980:
to receive the confidence of the parliament within three days. If this is not possible, then the leader of the party with the second highest seat number is given the exploratory mandate. If this fails, then the leader of the third largest party is given it and so
1535:
made strenuous efforts to reclaim the personal power of the monarch, but the increasing complexity and expense of government meant that a minister who could command the loyalty of the Commons was increasingly necessary. The long tenure of the wartime prime minister
1431:
The power of these ministers depended entirely on the personal favour of the monarch. Although managing the parliament was among the necessary skills of holding high office, they did not depend on a parliamentary majority for their power. Although there was a
8450:
8328:
2313:
refuse a parliamentary dissolution, requiring the resignation of the prime minister and his or her government. In most modern parliamentary systems, the prime minister is the person who decides when to request a parliamentary dissolution.
1488:
in 1689. The monarch could no longer establish any law or impose any tax without its permission and thus the House of Commons became a part of the government. It is at this point that a modern style of prime minister begins to emerge.
8163:
The posts of Prime Minister and First Lord of the Treasury are separate and need not be held by the one person, though the last prime minister not to be First Lord of the Treasury was Lord Salisbury at the turn of the 20th century.
1975:
The head of state appoints the leader of the political party with the majority of the seats in the parliament as prime minister. If no party has a majority, then the leader of the party with a plurality of seats is given an
2192:
Newer parliamentary systems that operate based on a codified constitution, however, do have a term of office of the prime minister linked to the period in office of the parliament. Hence, for example, Latvian prime minister
2008:(Legislature) upon nomination by the president. In these cases, parliament can choose another candidate who then would be appointed by the head of state (or, in the case of the Philippines, outright elect that candidate).
2048:
under the unamended 1973 Constitution, where the prime minister was supposed to be elected by the Batasang Pambansâ; these provisions were never used because the Philippines was under martial law at the time. Also
1877:, the prime minister is an official generally appointed by the president but usually approved by the legislature and responsible for carrying out the directives of the president and managing the civil service. The
8605:
872:
In many systems, the prime minister selects and may dismiss other members of the cabinet, and allocates posts to members within the government. In most systems, the prime minister is the presiding member and
3532:. In India, prime ministerial candidates must be a member of parliament, i.e. of either the Lok Sabha (Lower House) or Rajya Sabha (Upper House). No parliamentary vote takes place on who forms a government.
1540:(1783–1801), combined with the mental illness of George III, consolidated the power of the post. The title "prime minister" was first referred to on government documents during the administration of
1527:
Walpole always denied that he was "prime minister", and throughout the 18th century parliamentarians and legal scholars continued to deny that any such position was known to the Constitution.
10058:
9112:
8177:
Although the roles of the Spanish head of government coincide with the definition of a 'prime minister', in Spain the position is in fact referred to as 'the Presidency of the Government'.
8750:
3329:
1240:
Today, the prime minister is often, but not always, a member of the legislature or its lower house, and is expected with other ministers to ensure the passage of bills through the
10490:
1267:. In some cases, prime ministers may choose to hold additional ministerial posts (e.g. when the portfolio is critical to that government's mandate): during the Second World War,
8405:
in Encyclopédie Larousse ("Après 1661, Louis XIV impose une nouvelle formule, qui joue à la fois sur les ministres et sur les conseils, sans accepter la primauté d'un ministre.")
8085:
4757:
2581:
9274:
4373:
2944:
1500:, and had neither knowledge of, nor interest in, the details of British government. In these circumstances it was inevitable that the king's first minister would become the
8644:
2321:. In the United Kingdom, for example, the tradition whereby it is the prime minister who requests a dissolution of parliament dates back to 1918. Prior to then, it was the
2004:
votes on a candidate nominated by the federal president. In the Philippines under the 1973 Constitution as amended after martial law, the prime minister was elected by the
8724:
8683:
6994:
5398:
2400:
English, but the original Hebrew term can also be translated as the Prime Minister's Ministry. The Prime Minister's Department is also used, as is Cabinet Department.
10051:
9117:
3432:, to which all federal ministers (among others) are appointed and with Members of which the Monarch or her Governor General normally performs executive government (as
9749:
2081:) by the parliament if an absolute majority of the members of parliament does not vote no (i.e. the candidate can be elected to the post even if more MP:s vote
9914:
9329:
9007:
8019:
4753:
2537:
of government as applied in his or her respective country. The few exceptions to the rule are Germany and Austria, whose head of government's title is Federal
2325:
government that made the request. Similarly, though the modern 1937 Irish constitution grants to the Taoiseach the right to make the request, the earlier 1922
10044:
4691:
1515:, who held office for twenty-one years. Walpole chaired cabinet meetings, appointed all the other ministers, dispensed the royal patronage and packed the
7848:
8566:
9739:
9544:
8513:
4432:
3393:
8478:
8374:
6952:
4732:
1603:
9985:
8535:
8746:
10224:
9314:
8398:
7674:
4645:
2114:
1445:
8168:
is actually the First Lord's residence, not the prime minister's. As Salisbury was not First Lord, he had to live elsewhere as prime minister.
10495:
10485:
8144:
8139:
7873:
6553:
4909:
1194:
8194:, however, requires the Governor General to only act on the advice of the current Cabinet (or its ministers relevant to the issue at hand).
7895:
7036:
6872:
6057:
5046:
4687:
3486:
3397:
2473:
1997:
1893:
controlled by a party different from that of the president. When it arises, such a state of affairs is usually referred to as (political)
9324:
8464:
8356:
7139:
6745:
10594:
10505:
9000:
6501:
4884:
4800:
2331:
714:
3817:
Countries with prime ministers (blue), those that formerly had that position (dark red) and those that never had that position (gray).
2077:
to the speaker of the parliament and the parliament itself. The speaker nominates a candidate, who is then elected to prime minister (
10560:
9159:
8507:
7495:
3747:
chose their leader by informal consultation). The last time the monarch had a choice over the appointment occurred in 1963 when the
1356:
and his descendants refused to allow one of their Ministers to be more important than the others, so the term was no longer in use.
10121:
9684:
6724:
3490:
2217:, after two failed attempts by larger parties to form a coalition headed by them, the leader of the smallest party in parliament -
1469:
2268:
responsible to both houses, though in reality upper houses, even when they have the power, rarely exercise it). Where they lose a
9864:
9729:
7759:
1572:
In the late 20th century, many of the world's countries had prime ministers or equivalent ministers, holding office under either
1449:
1300:
10500:
10441:
10111:
9884:
8772:
6973:
6527:
5867:
1590:, occupied the post for about 50 years, from 1970 to November 2020, making him the longest serving non-elected prime minister.
9854:
9579:
9204:
9076:
8993:
8933:
8287:
7517:
7249:
6909:
6637:
6099:
4509:
4196:
3998:
3694:
3555:
2480:
1421:
998:
91:
10535:
10520:
9889:
9359:
9040:
8259:
7869:
6549:
6266:
6036:
5576:
5440:
5356:
4905:
4086:
3716:
3464:
1695:
1679:
1521:
1296:
1276:
1256:
63:
8833:(U.K.), 30 & 31 Vict., c. 3, Part 2 (§ 11 in particular). See also “Constitution Act, 1867,” in: Justice Canada, ed.,
8415:
3821:
The following table groups the list of past and present prime ministers and details information available in those lists.
10515:
10451:
9404:
9389:
7563:
7538:
7404:
7206:
6836:
6702:
5109:
4957:
4535:
4474:
4222:
3429:
2506:
2214:
2206:
1292:
1227:
8508:
Dr Andrew Blick and Professor George Jones — No 10 guest historian series, Prime Ministers and No. 10 (1 January 2012).
2161:, prime ministers are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of
10570:
10219:
9689:
9564:
9334:
8718:
8638:
8186:
Which Members, though, are left to uncodified convention. As appointment to the Privy Council normally lasts for life,
7826:
7361:
6883:
6287:
5994:
5507:
5377:
5155:
4935:
4779:
4713:
4269:
4164:
3708:
3460:
2608:
2347:
1886:
1280:
1152:
8266:
70:
10550:
10545:
10525:
10350:
9995:
9789:
9669:
9654:
9449:
9354:
8979:
8909:
8879:
8846:
8815:
8677:
8599:
8560:
8306:
8203:
7720:
7448:
6810:
6787:
6677:
6656:
6497:
6413:
6245:
6224:
6120:
5910:
5665:
5461:
5334:
5224:
5181:
4581:
4352:
4019:
2144:
1994:
a candidate for prime minister who is then submitted to parliament for approval before appointment as prime minister:
1947:
The head of state appoints a prime minister who has a set timescale within which they must gain a vote of confidence:
1882:
1639:
1027:
936:
744:
582:
110:
1492:
A tipping point in the evolution of the prime ministership came with the death of Anne in 1714 and the accession of
10650:
10604:
10540:
10072:
9081:
7667:
7491:
7470:
7423:
7335:
6858:
6476:
5738:
5691:
5554:
5482:
5024:
2623:, literally meaning "the head of ministers" or "prime minister". In Pakistan, the prime minister is referred to as
1878:
1441:
1043:
188:
10645:
10575:
9799:
9454:
8240:
7310:
6766:
5842:
5619:
5599:
5543:
5088:
4842:
4394:
4185:
3807:
3698:
3317:
2226:
2063:, 1996–2001, where the prime minister was elected in a general election, with no regard to political affiliation.
1587:
968:
727:
44:
8496:
in parliamentary debates, and some basic human rights, most famously freedom from 'cruel or unusual punishment'.
8273:
77:
10510:
10267:
10015:
10005:
9980:
9774:
9754:
9284:
8969:
8244:
7862:
7740:
7653:
7611:
7291:
7181:
7057:
6015:
5268:
4516:
4495:
3189:
2604:
1264:
707:
577:
355:
203:
48:
1359:
In the 18th century in the United Kingdom, members of parliament disparagingly used the title in reference to
10421:
9945:
9859:
9734:
9659:
9529:
9229:
9189:
9152:
9050:
6523:
6141:
5863:
4638:
4624:
4150:
3937:
3869:
3582:
3405:
3401:
2771:
2430:
In many cases, though commonly used, "prime minister" is not the official title of the office-holder. In the
2326:
1675:
1480:(1642–1651), Parliament strengthened its position relative to the monarch then gained more power through the
1312:
592:
8509:
7350:
10640:
10630:
10530:
10086:
10000:
9894:
9834:
9634:
9624:
9604:
9584:
9519:
9379:
9309:
9239:
9224:
9071:
8255:
8125:
8120:
7914:
7120:
6575:
6371:
6350:
5931:
5802:
5203:
4999:
4603:
4312:
4192:
4129:
3655:
3383:
2568:, for example). In the United Kingdom, the prime minister and former prime ministers are also often styled
1996:
Example: Spain, where the King sends a nomination to parliament for approval. Also Germany where under the
1834:
1731:
1687:
1635:
1308:
1304:
1189:
931:
812:
341:
173:
144:
59:
9349:
8451:"(The Root of the Great Vizier in the Ottoman Empire Until the Era of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fateh 1429-1481)"
8371:"Testament Politique du Cardinal Duc de Richelieu, Premier Ministre de France sous le Règne de Louïs XIII"
8329:"(The Root of the Great Vizier in the Ottoman Empire Until the Era of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fateh 1429-1481)"
4863:
10555:
10436:
10317:
10197:
9960:
9819:
9809:
9769:
9609:
9574:
9439:
9264:
9219:
9086:
7956:
7590:
7357:
7160:
6181:
6078:
5633:
5309:
4331:
4082:
3731:
3672:
3578:
3370:
3325:
2619:, literally meaning "the head of ministers" or "prime minister". In India, the prime minister is called
2561:
1715:
1671:
1532:
1003:
645:
8482:
2552:
like a president. In some Commonwealth countries, prime ministers and former prime ministers are styled
10469:
10431:
10262:
10025:
9844:
9839:
9784:
9779:
9704:
9679:
9619:
9589:
9399:
9374:
9369:
9299:
9294:
9279:
9244:
9184:
8436:
8342:
8059:
7559:
7397:
7228:
7202:
6832:
6698:
6343:
6329:
6308:
6160:
5924:
4978:
4821:
4556:
4218:
3977:
3848:
3727:
3685:
3633:
3608:
3447:
3379:
2592:
2357:, the prime minister is expected to step down if they lose the majority support of their party under a
2298:
2218:
2202:
2194:
1917:
1739:
1727:
1663:
1647:
1611:
1528:
1376:
1364:
1260:
1255:
As well as being head of government, being prime minister may require holding other roles or posts—the
178:
149:
10036:
8669:
Settler self-government, 1840–1900 : the development of representative and responsible government
842:) is the most powerful politician and the functional leader of the state, by virtue of commanding the
10564:
9990:
9904:
9899:
9879:
9794:
9759:
9714:
9644:
9639:
9629:
9614:
9559:
9504:
9474:
9469:
9444:
9429:
9414:
9394:
9364:
9339:
9289:
9254:
9249:
9234:
9209:
9199:
9194:
8033:
7977:
7935:
7822:
7695:
7270:
7078:
7029:
6879:
6455:
6392:
5713:
5529:
5503:
5243:
5151:
5067:
4971:
4931:
4793:
4413:
4265:
4244:
4171:
4040:
3916:
3895:
3795:
3668:
3516:
3366:
3357:
2198:
1894:
1743:
1735:
1723:
1707:
1691:
1651:
1627:
1623:
1614:
for over 24 years (1981-2003, 2018-2020), is known for his role in modernizing the country's economy.
1573:
1493:
1387:
1166:
1147:
700:
305:
7604:
1564:
10625:
10416:
10020:
10010:
9975:
9950:
9940:
9930:
9874:
9869:
9824:
9764:
9724:
9719:
9699:
9674:
9554:
9539:
9534:
9514:
9494:
9459:
9434:
9419:
9304:
9269:
9259:
9145:
8040:
7801:
7780:
7716:
7444:
7099:
6931:
6905:
6806:
5973:
5889:
5781:
5760:
5661:
5419:
5330:
5177:
4814:
4746:
4577:
4453:
4291:
3958:
3782:
3681:
3646:
3629:
3621:
3604:
3503:
3477:
3443:
3347:
The position, power and status of prime ministers differ depending on the age of the constitution.
3340:
2577:
2565:
2178:
1984:
1842:
1751:
1747:
1703:
1699:
1667:
1659:
1643:
1537:
1516:
1391:
1348:
1288:
1161:
878:
796:
420:
310:
8395:
6195:
3146:Председатель Правительства Российской Федерации, Predsedatel' Pravitel'stva Rossiyskoy Federatsii
10307:
10247:
10172:
9970:
9955:
9935:
9909:
9849:
9829:
9814:
9804:
9744:
9709:
9649:
9599:
9569:
9509:
9499:
9479:
9464:
9424:
9384:
9214:
8233:
7998:
7632:
7383:
7331:
7015:
6434:
6203:
5823:
5734:
5687:
5550:
5290:
5020:
4617:
4061:
3791:
3765:
3744:
3712:
3659:
3595:
3568:
3538:
3529:
3512:
3353:
3311:
2459:
2276:
1870:
1786:": alternative titles usually equivalent in meaning to, or translated as, "prime minister". Both
1755:
1711:
1655:
1631:
1465:
1343:
1220:
1111:
831:
350:
37:
2016:
a candidate who the head of state is then constitutionally obliged to appoint as prime minister:
1436:, it was appointed entirely by the monarch, and the monarch usually presided over its meetings.
736:
9965:
9694:
9664:
9594:
9549:
9524:
9484:
9409:
9344:
9319:
9122:
8191:
8012:
5952:
5595:
5475:
5130:
4666:
3778:
3642:
3617:
3499:
3473:
3438:
3424:
3419:
2510:
2431:
2070:
1683:
1123:
904:
835:
784:
756:
587:
529:
475:
8867:(U.K.), 1982, c. 11, §§ 35.1, 49. See also “Constitution Act, 1982,” in: Justice Canada, ed.,
8859:
8628:
7991:
2067:
Nomination by a state office holder other than the head of state or his or her representative:
1916:, where the president has the power to appoint the prime minister of their choice, though the
1556:
of the council" or "chancellor" were adopted, but the essentials of the office were the same.
10312:
10272:
10136:
10101:
10068:
8802:(U.K.), 30 & 31 Vict., c. 3. See also “Constitution Act, 1867,” in: Justice Canada, ed.,
8706:
8667:
7582:
6385:
6092:
5264:
4108:
3887:
3591:
3564:
3551:
3525:
3321:
3151:
2238:
1850:
1050:
843:
839:
780:
407:
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The prime minister's executive office is usually called the Office of the Prime Minister or
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2005:
838:), the Prime Minister (or occasionally a similar post with a different title, such as the
8:
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2019:
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8549:
Carter, Byrum E. (2015) . "The Historical Development of the Office of Prime Minister".
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In non-Commonwealth countries, the prime minister may be entitled to the style of
1920:
can force a government to resign, they cannot nominate or appoint a new candidate.
1905:
In parliamentary systems a prime minister may enter into office by several means.
1837:(or equivalent) is both the head of state and the head of the government. In some
760:
10635:
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3658:(1978) regulates the appointment, dismissal, powers, functions and duties of the
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3080:
2957:
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2828:
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2502:
2242:
2237:'s governments, where the prime minister was a non-partisan expert backed by the
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1203:
748:
690:
672:
497:
482:
5987:
5522:
4659:
1782:)", "President of the Government", "President of the Council of Ministers" and "
850:. The head of state is typically a ceremonial officer, though they may exercise
10167:
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10091:
9056:
9045:
8095:
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7949:
7928:
7484:
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5727:
5706:
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5081:
4772:
4596:
4366:
4211:
3930:
3735:
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3217:
3166:
3156:
3022:
2600:
2522:
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1767:
1759:
1552:
1551:
The prestige of British institutions in the 19th century and the growth of the
1512:
1417:
1405:
978:
973:
926:
568:
487:
441:
383:
1496:
to the throne. George spoke no English, spent much of his time at his home in
10619:
8901:
The Development, Nature and Power of the Office of the British Prime Minister
8465:"What role did the vizier play in 'Abbasid administration? | TutorChase"
8357:"What role did the vizier play in 'Abbasid administration? | TutorChase"
8110:
7841:
7709:
7174:
7092:
6987:
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6490:
6238:
6174:
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5569:
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3027:
2818:
2366:
1823:
911:
886:
882:
851:
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492:
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275:
2073:, the power to appoint someone to form a government has been moved from the
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2306:
2302:
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1425:
1409:
1395:
1324:
752:
732:
255:
2576:; however, this is not due to their position as head of government, but a
2411:, who served as Prime Minister of Belgium, described his role as follows:
2113:
deal primarily with British Commonwealth countries and do not represent a
7221:
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6113:
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5283:
4237:
3761:
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2045:
1819:
1803:
1241:
862:
847:
559:
524:
427:
415:
280:
8747:"How the Westminster Parliamentary System was exported around the World"
8707:"A Globalizing Constitutionalism?, Views from the Postcolony, 1945-2000"
2458:
meaning "head of the government", and the Spanish prime minister is the
1933:, India and the United Kingdom) are the leaders of the largest party or
685:
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9035:
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2612:
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1771:
1352:("chief minister of the state") more as a job description. After 1661,
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1085:
963:
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820:
788:
731:
Prime ministers of the Nordic and Baltic countries in 2014. From left:
649:
639:
634:
373:
235:
8837:
The Constitution Acts, 1867 to 1982, Government of Canada Catalogue №
8806:
The Constitution Acts, 1867 to 1982, Government of Canada Catalogue №
3373:
and the office only exists by convention, based on the British model.
1910:
The head of state appoints a prime minister, of their personal choice:
9489:
9096:
8962:
Nehru to the Nineties: The Changing Office of Prime Minister in India
8940:
5640:
4549:
3542:
3467:, and also details the process of his/her appointment and dismissal.
3386:, and also details the process of his/her appointment and dismissal.
3207:
3007:
2970:
2897:
2675:
2587:
In the UK, where devolved government is in place, the leaders of the
2441:
2354:
2027:
2001:
1965:
1787:
1775:
1719:
1618:
The post of prime minister may be encountered both in constitutional
1353:
534:
432:
315:
270:
250:
8222:
2256:(though a small minority of parliaments, by giving a right to block
1937:
in parliament, technically the appointment of the prime minister is
26:
8941:"Prime Ministers and Parliaments: The Long View, Walpole to Blair."
5433:
4706:
3909:
3721:
3581:(1987) sections 86–87 list the powers, functions and duties of the
3335:
3245:
3235:
3169:: சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரசின் பிரதமர், Ciṅkappūr kuṭiyaraciṉ piratamar
3121:
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2808:
2743:
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2162:
1958:
1930:
1245:
1118:
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874:
816:
657:
617:
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265:
134:
9137:
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2050:
1954:
1791:
1763:
1619:
1580:
1497:
988:
921:
808:
572:
230:
8512:. Government of the United Kingdom: History of Government Blog.
3303:
8086:
List of current prime ministers by date of assumption of office
3409:
3255:
3225:
3179:
3111:
3065:
2997:
2952:
2887:
2854:
2753:
2711:
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2060:
1913:
1815:
1807:
1795:
1584:
1568:
Royal decree appointing the Prime Minister of Cambodia in 2023.
622:
564:
462:
8874:, Government of Canada Catalogue № YX1‑1/2012 (Ottawa: 2012),
3343:(1759–1806), the youngest head of government at the age of 24.
8672:(1. publ. ed.). New York: Greenwood Press. p. xxi.
3489:(1949) lists the powers, functions and duties of the federal
3197:
3184:
3075:
3035:
2987:
2977:
2940:
2935:
2469:
2343:
2222:
2035:
1950:
1811:
1686:, in which the head of state is an elected official (such as
1323:
The term "prime minister" was used as (vazîr-i aʾzam) or the
1248:
the monarch may also exercise executive powers (known as the
1080:
3299:
Constitutional basis for the position in different countries
3103:
1799:
881:, a prime minister is the official appointed to manage the
866:
2177:
in power until 1990, though she used the assembly of each
1420:
nowadays. Grand Vizier was the most powerful person after
8925:
The Prime Minister: The Office and Its Holders Since 1945
2297:
The latter in effect allows the government to appeal the
1428:
of Ottoman Empire was more powerful than sultan himself.
3050:
Prime Minister/Ерөнхий сайд Л.Оюун-эрдэнэ/L.Oyun-erdene
9015:
2493:. In the Nordic countries the prime minister is called
807:, serving as the chief of the executive under either a
2221:- was eventually appointed as a compromise candidate.
1889:
but does not require any approval by the legislature.
3794:(1996) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3781:(1993) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3726:
solely by virtue of occupying another office, either
3697:(1946) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3684:(1932) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3671:(1978) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3645:(1918) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3632:(1973) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3620:(1814) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3607:(1957) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3594:(1964) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3567:(1946) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3554:(1948) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3528:(1950) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3515:(2012) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3502:(1975) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3476:(1958) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
3356:(1962) lists the powers, functions and duties of the
2603:. Between 1921 and 1972, when Northern Ireland had a
2280:
passed against them, or where they lose supply, most
2252:
are generally required to have the confidence of the
877:
of the cabinet. In a minority of systems, notably in
8633:. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 571.
2420:
8947:, 25, 3 (2006): 382–394, doi:10.1353/pah.2006.0045.
8247:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
6873:
Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani
854:to check the Prime Minister in unusual situations.
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
8953:Australia's Prime Ministers: From Barton to Howard
8943:, The Annual History of Parliament Lecture, 2005,
8627:Johnston, Douglas M.; Reisman, W. Michael (2008).
10127:Cabinet department / Office of the prime minister
8190:Cabinet ministers predominate. The convention of
3545:in detail, listing powers, functions and duties.
3463:clearly outlines the functions and powers of the
3382:clearly outlines the functions and powers of the
2317:Older constitutions often vest this power in the
1925:While in practice most prime ministers under the
1794:lost their positions as prime ministers in 1966.
1598:
10617:
8971:Indian Prime Ministership: A Comprehensive Study
8665:
8919:(Manchester University Press, Manchester, 2000)
8626:
3215:: ශ්රී ලංකා අග්රාමාත්ය, Śrī Laṃkā agrāmāthya
8711:Constitutionalism and political reconstruction
8594:. McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 3.
8588:Seidle, F. Leslie; Docherty, David C. (2003).
8587:
2960: : רֹאשׁ הַמֶּמְשָׁלָה, Rosh HaMemshala
1810:also lost their positions as prime ministers.
10052:
9153:
9001:
8666:Fieldhouse, David; Madden, Frederick (1990).
8145:List of democracy and election-related topics
8140:List of current heads of state and government
3715:and largely unwritten, makes no mention of a
2484:
2463:
2111:The examples and perspective in this section
1221:
708:
8749:. University of Cambridge. 2 December 2013.
3751:was asked to become prime minister ahead of
2862:Premier ministre de la République Française
8534:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3801:
2738:Министър-председател, Ministar-predsedatel
2582:His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council
2439:
2380:
1929:(including Australia, Canada, New Zealand,
1464:The prime ministers of five members of the
10173:Assistant minister/Parliamentary secretary
10059:
10045:
9160:
9146:
9008:
8994:
8775:. The Privy Council Office. Archived from
2489:), President of the Executive Council, or
2403:
2169:was only ever appointed prime minister on
2129:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
1346:in 1624. The title was used alongside the
1228:
1214:
715:
701:
8704:
8630:The Historical Foundations of World Order
8307:Learn how and when to remove this message
2438:. The Irish prime minister is called the
2346:, require motions of no confidence to be
2145:Learn how and when to remove this message
1593:
1544:but did not appear in the formal British
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
8765:
3812:
3334:
3316:
3302:
2892:Prothypourgós tis Ellinikís Dimokratías
2292:a request for parliamentary dissolution.
1826:never had positions as prime ministers.
1602:
1563:
1470:Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference
1459:
726:
3583:prime minister of the Republic of Korea
2335:(the then name for the Irish cabinet).
10618:
8928:(New York: St. Martin's Press, 2001),
8548:
3730:(office in commission) or more rarely
3164:: 新加坡共和国总理, Xīnjiāpō gònghéguó zǒnglǐ
2982:Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri
1252:) without the approval of parliament.
16:Top minister of cabinet and government
10040:
9141:
9077:President of the Council of Ministers
8989:
8753:from the original on 16 December 2013
7863:Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
3556:president of the Council of Ministers
2748:នាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រី, Néayuŏk-roătmôntrei
2486:Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri
2481:president of the council of ministers
2243:broad cross-section of the parliament
1334:in 17th century sources referring to
999:President of the Council of Ministers
8974:(Concept Publishing Company, 2002),
8245:adding citations to reliable sources
8216:
3465:prime minister of the Czech Republic
3159:: Perdana Menteri Republik Singapura
2560:associated with their position (the
2097:
1900:
1408:. They both had a official title of
1257:prime minister of the United Kingdom
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
10132:Speaker / President of the assembly
9167:
8872:The Constitution Acts, 1867 to 1982
8510:"The Institution of Prime Minister"
3806:For a more comprehensive list, see
3541:(1937), provides for the office of
3220:: இலங்கை பிரதமர் Ilaṅkai piratamar
3136:Prim-ministrul Guvernului României
2882:პრემიერ-მინისტრი, Premier-Ministri
2446:(which is rendered into English as
2215:2018 Latvian parliamentary election
2207:2022 Latvian parliamentary election
2201:, had to be reappointed as head of
2093:
1476:In the mid 17th century, after the
828:parliamentary systems of government
13:
10220:International development minister
9118:President of the Executive Council
8904:(Exeter: Imprint Academic, 2010),
8889:
8516:from the original on 10 March 2016
8479:"Britain's unwritten constitution"
8377:from the original on 8 August 2017
2609:prime minister of Northern Ireland
2497:, meaning "Minister of State". In
2069:Example: Under the modern Swedish
1281:Thirty-fourth government of Israel
885:and execute the directives of the
14:
10662:
10595:Government ministers by portfolio
10351:Ministry of Education and Culture
8895:Andrew Blick & George Jones,
8727:from the original on 6 March 2016
8686:from the original on 4 March 2016
8647:from the original on 3 March 2016
8608:from the original on 23 June 2016
8591:Reforming parliamentary democracy
8481:. British Library. Archived from
8204:Chief of the Cabinet of Ministers
5925:Sheikh Ahmad Al-Abdullah Al-Sabah
3442:, adds passing reference to the "
3250:นายกรัฐมนตรี, Nayok Ratthamontri
3093:Minister-president van Nederland
2607:, the head of government was the
2468:). The head of government of the
2421:Cross-country comparative details
1028:Cabinet collective responsibility
937:President of the council of state
583:Biology and political orientation
10600:
10599:
10589:
10588:
9740:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
8709:. In Arjomand, Saïd Amir (ed.).
8569:from the original on 1 June 2016
8221:
6995:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3430:Queen's Privy Council for Canada
3083:: प्रधानमन्त्री, Pradhān Mantrī
2706:: প্রধানমন্ত্রী, prodhan montri
2517:) is most commonly known as the
2173:occasion, in 1979. She remained
2102:
2057:Direct election by popular vote:
1400:The title can be traced back to
684:
25:
9082:President of the Executive Yuan
9053:(collective head of government)
8852:
8821:
8791:
8739:
8698:
8659:
8620:
8581:
8542:
8501:
8471:
8457:
8437:"The Ottoman Empire's No 2 man"
8343:"The Ottoman Empire's No 2 man"
8232:needs additional citations for
8197:
8180:
8171:
7900:No List (post established 1919)
3808:List of current prime ministers
3699:president of the Executive Yuan
2905:: Naalakkersuisut siulittaasuat
2615:, the prime minister is called
2507:province or territory of Canada
2434:, the prime minister is titled
1941:exercised by the head of state.
1588:Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah
1559:
36:needs additional citations for
10268:Ministry of trade and industry
8555:. Princeton University Press.
8443:
8429:
8408:
8389:
8363:
8349:
8335:
8321:
8157:
2683:: Prime Minister of Australia
2501:, the head of government of a
2165:and parliaments. For example,
1599:In monarchies and in republics
1455:
1265:Minister for the Civil Service
799:. A prime minister is not the
578:Theories of political behavior
204:Political history of the world
1:
10422:Ministry of religious affairs
8212:
2992:内閣総理大臣, Naikaku-sōri-daijin
2766:: Premier ministre du Canada
2670:: Premier ministre d'Algérie
2327:Irish Free State Constitution
1964:The head of state appoints a
1195:Heads of state and government
593:Critique of political economy
8956:(Rosenberg Publishing, 2004)
8552:Office of the Prime Minister
8126:Prime ministerial government
3434:King- or Governor-in-Council
2580:of being current members of
2474:Premier of the State Council
2042:Election by the legislature:
1318:
1275:(although there was then no
755:, Estonia (trade minister);
745:Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson
174:Outline of political science
7:
10437:Ministry of social security
10318:Ministry of water resources
10198:Ministry of foreign affairs
10067:Common types of government
9330:Congo (Democratic Republic)
9087:President of the government
8416:"Oxford English Dictionary"
8079:
4801:Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
3732:Chancellor of the Exchequer
3673:prime minister of Sri Lanka
3660:President of the Government
3404:in China. Premier read as (
3371:prime minister of Australia
3330:first female prime minister
3326:Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
2761:: Prime Minister of Canada
2562:prime minister of Australia
2479:Other common forms include
2460:President of the Government
2225:has seen several emergency
2157:In older, convention-based
2125:, discuss the issue on the
1484:of 1688 and passage of the
1287:at one point served as the
1004:President of the government
10:
10667:
10470:Minister without portfolio
10432:Ministry of social affairs
10263:Ministry of infrastructure
8965:(C. Hurst & Co., 1994)
7492:Taiwan (Republic of China)
6344:Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene
4688:People's Republic of China
4639:Julianna O'Connor-Connolly
3805:
3772:was still prime minister.
3764:was elected leader of the
3728:First Lord of the Treasury
3686:prime minister of Thailand
3634:prime minister of Pakistan
3609:prime minister of Malaysia
3450:of federal and provincial
3402:National People's Congress
3391:People's Republic of China
3106:: وزیر اعظم, Wazīr-ē-Āzam
3025:: Perdana Menteri Malaysia
2627:, meaning "grand vizier".
2470:People's Republic of China
2436:Chairman of the government
2384:
2289:a letter of resignation or
2248:In parliamentary systems,
1883:Republic of China (Taiwan)
1845:systems, such as those of
1612:Prime Minister of Malaysia
1583:'s former prime minister,
1385:
1381:
1377:History of parliamentarism
1374:
1370:
1365:First Lord of the Treasury
1363:(whose official title was
1279:). Another example is the
1261:First Lord of the Treasury
179:Index of politics articles
10584:
10521:Communications ministries
10478:
10462:
10326:
10281:
10233:
10181:
10145:
10079:
9923:
9175:
9105:
9028:
9024:
8713:. Brill. pp. 92–94.
8034:Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun
6550:Newfoundland and Labrador
4972:Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed
3796:prime minister of Ukraine
3517:prime minister of Hungary
3400:just one place below the
3358:prime minister of Algeria
2930:Forsætisráðherra Íslands
2849:: Finlands statsminister
2780:
2425:
2254:lower house of parliament
1885:is also appointed by the
1574:constitutional monarchies
1388:Chief Minister of England
1349:principal ministre d'État
879:semi-presidential systems
832:constitutional monarchies
10516:Climate change ministers
10417:Ministry of home affairs
9865:Turks and Caicos Islands
9315:Central African Republic
8968:Jagdish Chandra Sharma,
8150:
7760:Turks and Caicos Islands
4747:Anatole Collinet Makosso
4646:Central African Republic
3802:Lists of prime ministers
3783:prime minister of Russia
3647:prime minister of Poland
3622:prime minister of Norway
3504:prime minister of Greece
3478:prime minister of France
3444:Prime Minister of Canada
3418:has a 'mixed' or hybrid
3272:Premier-ministr Ukrainy
3202:Presidente del Gobierno
3040:Prim Ministru ta' Malta
2605:majority rule Parliament
2566:prime minister of Canada
2381:Organisational structure
2329:vested the power in the
2284:systems require either:
2227:technocratic governments
2071:Instrument of Government
1985:Prime Minister of Greece
1829:This contrasts with the
1538:William Pitt the Younger
1507:From 1721, this was the
1504:head of the government.
1392:Chief minister of France
797:semi-presidential system
10651:17th-century neologisms
10605:Ministries by portfolio
10576:Public works ministries
10308:Ministry of electricity
10248:Ministry of the economy
10122:Office of the president
8773:"Privy Council Members"
8401:31 October 2018 at the
7971:Cardinal Pietro Parolin
4618:Ulisses Correia e Silva
4468:Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah
3842:
3837:
3832:
3596:prime minister of Malta
3569:prime minister of Japan
3530:prime minister of India
3339:British prime minister
3312:Canadian prime minister
3270:Прем'єр-міністр України
2793:Danmarks statsminister
2665:: الوزير الأول الجزائري
2599:Governments are styled
2545:and English languages.
2483:(for example in Italy,
2465:Presidente del Gobierno
2404:Description of the role
2277:motion of no confidence
2199:first appointed in 2018
1778:", "Minister of State (
1684:parliamentary republics
1466:Commonwealth of Nations
1259:, for example, is also
836:parliamentary republics
588:Political organisations
351:International relations
189:Politics by subdivision
10646:Positions of authority
10541:Environment ministries
10511:Agriculture ministries
10506:Presidents of assembly
10501:Deputy prime ministers
9275:Bosnia and Herzegovina
8917:The British Presidency
8882:, pp. 53–75 at 63, 68.
8860:Constitution Act, 1982
8830:Constitution Act, 1867
8799:Constitution Act, 1867
8192:Responsible Government
8013:Maeen Abdulmalik Saeed
7605:Victoire Tomegah Dogbé
4510:Apollinaire de Tambèla
4433:British Virgin Islands
4374:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3818:
3734:(the last of whom was
3439:Constitution Act, 1982
3425:Constitution Act, 1867
3412:: Zŏnglĭ) in Chinese.
3369:makes no mention of a
3344:
3332:
3314:
3116:Prezes Rady Ministrów
3012:Ministras Pirmininkas
2485:
2472:is referred to as the
2464:
2454:the prime minister is
2440:
2338:Some systems, such as
1615:
1594:Overview of the office
1569:
1473:
1414:Head of the Government
1327:in 8th century by the
779:and the leader of the
764:
757:Helle Thorning-Schmidt
10536:Environment ministers
10442:Minister for Veterans
10313:Ministry of Petroleum
10273:Ministry of transport
10112:Deputy First Minister
10102:Deputy prime minister
9750:São Tomé and Principe
9730:Saint Kitts and Nevis
8945:Parliamentary History
7037:São Tomé and Principe
6953:Saint Kitts and Nevis
6386:Easton Taylor-Farrell
6196:Choguel Kokalla Maïga
4773:Judith Suminwa Tuluka
3816:
3428:only establishes the
3338:
3322:Sirimavo Bandaranaike
3320:
3306:
3030:: ڤردان منتري مليسيا
2844:: Suomen pääministeri
2511:province of Argentina
2361:as have many such as
2301:of parliament to the
2264:, in effect make the
2239:confidence and supply
2187:reshuffle her cabinet
2159:parliamentary systems
2030:on the nomination of
1983:Example: Greece, see
1606:
1567:
1463:
1386:Further information:
1338:, after he was named
840:Chancellor of Germany
730:
668:Political campaigning
408:Public administration
241:Collective leadership
10531:Education ministries
10368:Information minister
10303:Environment minister
10213:Ministry of interior
10203:Immigration minister
9885:United Arab Emirates
8863:, Schedule B to the
8779:on 25 September 2009
8241:improve this article
7849:United Arab Emirates
7579:Phumtham Wechayachai
7325:Konstantin Dzhussoev
7154:David Moinina Sengeh
7030:Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa
5455:Rui Duarte de Barros
3446:" but as detail of
3324:(1916–2000), former
3002:Ministru prezidents
2910:: Landsstyreformand
2432:Russian constitution
2231:Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
2123:improve this section
1450:Viscount Bolingbroke
1301:Regional Cooperation
1190:National governments
1024:Government formation
905:Executive government
859:presidential systems
737:Algirdas Butkevičius
518:Separation of powers
389:Political psychology
364:Comparative politics
342:political scientists
329:Academic disciplines
209:Political philosophy
45:improve this article
10641:Ministerial offices
10631:Heads of government
10427:Ministry of science
10385:Ministry of justice
10378:Ministry of housing
10339:Ministry of culture
10253:Ministry of finance
10193:Ministry of defence
9855:Trinidad and Tobago
9205:Antigua and Barbuda
9018:heads of government
8439:. 17 February 2014.
8345:. 17 February 2014.
7675:Trinidad and Tobago
7668:Aleksandr Rosenberg
7072:Mohammad bin Salman
6051:Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh
5796:Bisher Al-Khasawneh
5544:Bjarni Benediktsson
5350:Kyriakos Mitsotakis
5124:Aksel V. Johannesen
4857:Manuel Marrero Cruz
4815:Robert Beugré Mambé
4733:Congo (Brazzaville)
4186:Crown Prince Salman
3999:Antigua and Barbuda
3952:Xavier Espot Zamora
3576:Republic of Korea's
3310:(1815–1891), first
3060:Premijer Crne Gore
2783:, Guówùyuàn Zǒnglǐ
2305:. However, in many
2000:(constitution) the
1978:exploratory mandate
1831:presidential system
1716:Indonesia (1945–66)
1546:Order of precedence
1482:Glorious Revolution
1342:to head the French
1277:Ministry of Defence
1273:Minister of Defence
897:the Politics series
775:is the head of the
691:Politics portal
540:Election commission
511:Government branches
394:Political sociology
246:Confessional system
184:Politics by country
10571:Interior ministers
10452:Minister for women
10407:Ministry of sports
10395:Ministry of labour
10390:Minister of labour
10361:Ministry of health
10346:Education minister
10296:Ministry of energy
10153:Secretary of state
9062:Minister-president
8870:A Consolidation of
8835:A Consolidation of
8804:A Consolidation of
8705:Julian Go (2007).
8485:on 8 December 2015
8106:Head of government
7377:Dinesh Gunawardena
6671:Hristijan Mickoski
5967:Sonexay Siphandone
5681:Benjamin Netanyahu
5634:Mohammed Al-Sudani
5218:Raymond Ndong Sima
5061:Manuela Roka Botey
4076:Evelyn Wever-Croes
3819:
3766:Conservative Party
3406:Simplified Chinese
3345:
3333:
3315:
3126:Primeiro-Ministro
2531:minister-president
2491:Minister-President
2387:Cabinet department
2271:vote of confidence
1990:The head of state
1927:Westminster system
1784:Secretary of State
1752:Turkey (1923–2018)
1616:
1570:
1474:
1424:but sometimes the
1361:Sir Robert Walpole
1336:Cardinal Richelieu
1285:Benjamin Netanyahu
1283:(2015–2019), when
1148:Semi-parliamentary
984:Minister-president
957:Head of government
805:head of government
765:
741:Laimdota Straujuma
374:Political analysis
306:Semi-parliamentary
10613:
10612:
10561:Health ministries
10556:Forest ministries
10551:Foreign ministers
10546:Finance ministers
10526:Defence ministers
10447:Ministry of women
10402:Regional minister
10284:natural resources
10258:Industry minister
10243:Commerce minister
10208:Interior minister
10184:foreign affairs /
10158:Minister of state
10034:
10033:
9390:Equatorial Guinea
9135:
9134:
9131:
9130:
8934:978-0-312-29313-0
8317:
8316:
8309:
8291:
8166:10 Downing Street
8077:
8076:
8073:(Post abolished)
8054:(Post abolished)
7909:(Post abolished)
7774:Washington Misick
7754:(Post abolished)
7735:(Post abolished)
7418:(Post abolished)
7305:(Post abolished)
7264:Manasseh Sogavare
7134:(Post abolished)
6925:Mikhail Mishustin
6801:(Post abolished)
6781:Gustavo Adrianzén
6739:Mohammad Shtayyeh
6651:(Post abolished)
6610:(Post abolished)
6543:Christopher Luxon
6470:Saara Kuugongelwa
6260:Mokhtar Ould Djay
6155:(Post abolished)
5837:(Post abolished)
5614:(Post abolished)
5590:(Post abolished)
5371:Múte Bourup Egede
5304:(Post abolished)
5258:Irakli Kobakhidze
5238:(Post abolished)
5047:Equatorial Guinea
5040:Moustafa Madbouly
4993:Roosevelt Skerrit
4951:Mette Frederiksen
4727:(Post abolished)
4530:(Post abolished)
4427:(Post abolished)
4408:(Post abolished)
4346:Edward David Burt
4326:(Post abolished)
4285:Alexander De Croo
4259:Roman Golovchenko
4034:Guillermo Francos
3972:(Post abolished)
3308:John A. Macdonald
3296:
3295:
2947:, Pradhān Mantrī
2456:Rosh HaMemshalah,
2332:Executive Council
2167:Margaret Thatcher
2155:
2154:
2147:
2006:Batasang Pambansâ
1918:National Assembly
1901:Entry into office
1843:semi-presidential
1724:Nigeria (1960–66)
1542:Benjamin Disraeli
1478:English Civil War
1402:Abbasid caliphate
1329:Abbasid caliphate
1293:of Communications
1269:Winston Churchill
1250:royal prerogative
1238:
1237:
1162:Semi-presidential
803:, but rather the
725:
724:
673:Political parties
613:Electoral systems
337:Political science
311:Semi-presidential
223:Political systems
199:Political history
194:Political economy
121:
120:
113:
95:
10658:
10603:
10602:
10592:
10591:
10412:Tourism minister
10373:Housing minister
10334:Culture minister
10061:
10054:
10047:
10038:
10037:
9986:Nagorno-Karabakh
9690:Papua New Guinea
9325:Congo (Republic)
9162:
9155:
9148:
9139:
9138:
9026:
9025:
9016:Titles used for
9010:
9003:
8996:
8987:
8986:
8922:Peter Hennessy,
8883:
8856:
8850:
8841:(Ottawa: 2012),
8825:
8819:
8810:(Ottawa: 2012),
8795:
8789:
8788:
8786:
8784:
8769:
8763:
8762:
8760:
8758:
8743:
8737:
8736:
8734:
8732:
8702:
8696:
8695:
8693:
8691:
8663:
8657:
8656:
8654:
8652:
8624:
8618:
8617:
8615:
8613:
8585:
8579:
8578:
8576:
8574:
8546:
8540:
8539:
8533:
8525:
8523:
8521:
8505:
8499:
8498:
8492:
8490:
8475:
8469:
8468:
8461:
8455:
8454:
8447:
8441:
8440:
8433:
8427:
8426:
8424:
8422:
8412:
8406:
8393:
8387:
8386:
8384:
8382:
8367:
8361:
8360:
8353:
8347:
8346:
8339:
8333:
8332:
8325:
8312:
8305:
8301:
8298:
8292:
8290:
8256:"Prime minister"
8249:
8225:
8217:
8206:
8201:
8195:
8184:
8178:
8175:
8169:
8161:
8101:Governor-general
7816:Robinah Nabbanja
7626:Kerisiano Kalolo
7532:Kokhir Rasulzoda
7285:Hamza Abdi Barre
7051:Patrice Trovoada
6946:Édouard Ngirente
6746:Papua New Guinea
6692:Jonas Gahr Støre
6590:Ali Lamine Zeine
6428:Adriano Maleiane
6281:Pravind Jugnauth
6093:Ingrida Šimonytė
4836:Andrej Plenković
4754:Congo (Kinshasa)
4489:Dimitar Glavchev
4447:Natalio Wheatley
4102:Anthony Albanese
3863:Alexander Ankvab
3824:
3823:
3719:. Though it had
3706:United Kingdom's
3458:Czech Republic's
3192:: Gungmuchongni
2782:
2630:
2629:
2574:Right Honourable
2558:Right Honourable
2503:federated entity
2488:
2467:
2445:
2409:Wilfried Martens
2375:Malcolm Turnbull
2309:a head of state
2219:Krišjānis Kariņš
2203:a new government
2195:Krišjānis Kariņš
2183:general election
2179:House of Commons
2150:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2130:
2106:
2105:
2098:
2094:Exit from office
1998:German Basic Law
1608:Mahathir Mohamad
1517:House of Commons
1416:which is called
1340:premier ministre
1230:
1223:
1216:
1170:
1158:
1144:
1127:
1115:
892:
891:
773:chief of cabinet
717:
710:
703:
689:
688:
479:
424:
379:Political theory
369:Election science
359:
345:
123:
122:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
60:"Prime minister"
53:
29:
21:
10666:
10665:
10661:
10660:
10659:
10657:
10656:
10655:
10626:Prime ministers
10616:
10615:
10614:
10609:
10580:
10496:Prime ministers
10491:Vice presidents
10474:
10458:
10356:Health minister
10322:
10291:Energy minister
10283:
10277:
10235:
10229:
10185:
10183:
10177:
10163:Deputy minister
10141:
10075:
10065:
10035:
10030:
9919:
9790:Solomon Islands
9670:North Macedonia
9355:Northern Cyprus
9177:
9176:Prime ministers
9171:
9169:Prime ministers
9166:
9136:
9127:
9101:
9051:Federal Council
9041:Chief executive
9020:
9014:
8950:Brian Carroll,
8939:Paul Langford,
8915:Michael Foley,
8892:
8890:Further reading
8887:
8886:
8865:Canada Act 1982
8857:
8853:
8826:
8822:
8796:
8792:
8782:
8780:
8771:
8770:
8766:
8756:
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8703:
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8609:
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8519:
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8462:
8458:
8449:
8448:
8444:
8435:
8434:
8430:
8420:
8418:
8414:
8413:
8409:
8403:Wayback Machine
8394:
8390:
8380:
8378:
8369:
8368:
8364:
8355:
8354:
8350:
8341:
8340:
8336:
8327:
8326:
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8248:
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8210:
8209:
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8185:
8181:
8176:
8172:
8162:
8158:
8153:
8082:
7992:Phạm Minh Chính
7647:Siaosi Sovaleni
7553:Kassim Majaliwa
7464:Ulf Kristersson
7438:Russell Dlamini
7250:Solomon Islands
7196:Silveria Jacobs
7009:Ralph Gonsalves
6852:Luís Montenegro
6657:North Macedonia
6631:Dalton Tagelagi
6449:Min Aung Hlaing
6435:Myanmar (Burma)
6407:Aziz Akhannouch
6135:Christian Ntsay
5946:Akylbek Japarov
5392:Dickon Mitchell
5145:Sitiveni Rabuka
4885:Northern Cyprus
4681:Allamaye Halina
4055:Nikol Pashinyan
3840:years or dates
3839:
3834:
3811:
3804:
3452:first ministers
3301:
3282:Prime Minister
3271:
3216:
3188:
3183:
3165:
3160:
3026:
2920:Miniszterelnök
2906:
2845:
2827:
2762:
2666:
2652:: Kryeministri
2515:state of Brazil
2428:
2423:
2406:
2389:
2383:
2295:
2151:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2120:
2107:
2103:
2096:
1971:Example: Israel
1903:
1833:, in which the
1601:
1596:
1562:
1458:
1398:
1384:
1379:
1373:
1321:
1297:Foreign Affairs
1234:
1204:Politics portal
1164:
1150:
1138:
1121:
1109:
1090:
1060:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1008:
969:Chief executive
941:
749:Alexander Stubb
721:
683:
678:
677:
608:
607:
598:
597:
555:
554:
545:
544:
513:
512:
503:
502:
498:Public interest
483:Domestic policy
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128:Politics series
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10330:
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10324:
10323:
10321:
10320:
10315:
10310:
10305:
10300:
10299:
10298:
10287:
10285:
10282:Environment /
10279:
10278:
10276:
10275:
10270:
10265:
10260:
10255:
10250:
10245:
10239:
10237:
10236:infrastructure
10231:
10230:
10228:
10227:
10222:
10217:
10216:
10215:
10205:
10200:
10195:
10189:
10187:
10179:
10178:
10176:
10175:
10170:
10168:Undersecretary
10165:
10160:
10155:
10149:
10147:
10143:
10142:
10140:
10139:
10134:
10129:
10124:
10119:
10114:
10109:
10107:First minister
10104:
10099:
10097:Prime minister
10094:
10092:Vice president
10089:
10083:
10081:
10077:
10076:
10064:
10063:
10056:
10049:
10041:
10032:
10031:
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9925:
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9915:Western Sahara
9912:
9907:
9902:
9897:
9892:
9890:United Kingdom
9887:
9882:
9877:
9872:
9867:
9862:
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9597:
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9587:
9582:
9577:
9572:
9567:
9562:
9557:
9552:
9547:
9542:
9537:
9532:
9527:
9522:
9517:
9512:
9507:
9502:
9497:
9492:
9487:
9482:
9477:
9472:
9467:
9462:
9457:
9452:
9447:
9442:
9437:
9432:
9427:
9422:
9417:
9412:
9407:
9402:
9397:
9392:
9387:
9382:
9377:
9372:
9367:
9362:
9360:Czech Republic
9357:
9352:
9347:
9342:
9337:
9332:
9327:
9322:
9317:
9312:
9307:
9302:
9297:
9292:
9287:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9247:
9242:
9237:
9232:
9227:
9222:
9217:
9212:
9207:
9202:
9197:
9192:
9187:
9181:
9179:
9173:
9172:
9165:
9164:
9157:
9150:
9142:
9133:
9132:
9129:
9128:
9126:
9125:
9120:
9115:
9109:
9107:
9103:
9102:
9100:
9099:
9094:
9092:Prime minister
9089:
9084:
9079:
9074:
9069:
9064:
9059:
9057:First minister
9054:
9048:
9046:Chief minister
9043:
9038:
9032:
9030:
9022:
9021:
9013:
9012:
9005:
8998:
8990:
8984:
8983:
8966:
8957:
8948:
8937:
8920:
8913:
8891:
8888:
8885:
8884:
8851:
8820:
8790:
8764:
8738:
8720:978-9004151741
8719:
8697:
8678:
8658:
8640:978-9047423935
8639:
8619:
8600:
8580:
8561:
8541:
8500:
8470:
8456:
8442:
8428:
8407:
8388:
8362:
8348:
8334:
8319:
8318:
8315:
8314:
8229:
8227:
8220:
8214:
8211:
8208:
8207:
8196:
8179:
8170:
8155:
8154:
8152:
8149:
8148:
8147:
8142:
8136:
8135:
8133:
8129:
8128:
8123:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8096:Chief minister
8093:
8088:
8081:
8078:
8075:
8074:
8071:
8068:
8065:
8062:
8056:
8055:
8052:
8049:
8046:
8043:
8037:
8036:
8031:
8028:
8025:
8022:
8020:Western Sahara
8016:
8015:
8010:
8007:
8004:
8001:
7995:
7994:
7989:
7986:
7983:
7980:
7974:
7973:
7968:
7965:
7962:
7959:
7953:
7952:
7950:Charlot Salwai
7947:
7944:
7941:
7938:
7932:
7931:
7929:Abdulla Aripov
7926:
7923:
7920:
7917:
7911:
7910:
7907:
7904:
7901:
7898:
7892:
7891:
7886:
7883:
7880:
7877:
7870:United Kingdom
7866:
7865:
7860:
7857:
7854:
7851:
7845:
7844:
7839:
7836:
7833:
7830:
7819:
7818:
7813:
7810:
7807:
7804:
7798:
7797:
7792:
7789:
7786:
7783:
7777:
7776:
7771:
7768:
7765:
7762:
7756:
7755:
7752:
7749:
7746:
7743:
7737:
7736:
7733:
7730:
7727:
7724:
7713:
7712:
7707:
7704:
7701:
7698:
7692:
7691:
7686:
7683:
7680:
7677:
7671:
7670:
7665:
7662:
7659:
7656:
7650:
7649:
7644:
7641:
7638:
7635:
7629:
7628:
7623:
7620:
7617:
7614:
7608:
7607:
7602:
7599:
7596:
7593:
7587:
7586:
7576:
7573:
7570:
7567:
7556:
7555:
7550:
7547:
7544:
7541:
7535:
7534:
7529:
7526:
7523:
7520:
7514:
7513:
7508:
7505:
7502:
7499:
7488:
7487:
7485:Hussein Arnous
7482:
7479:
7476:
7473:
7467:
7466:
7461:
7458:
7455:
7452:
7441:
7440:
7435:
7432:
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7400:
7395:
7392:
7389:
7386:
7380:
7379:
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7368:
7365:
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7353:
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7345:
7342:
7339:
7328:
7327:
7322:
7319:
7316:
7313:
7307:
7306:
7303:
7300:
7297:
7294:
7288:
7287:
7282:
7279:
7276:
7273:
7267:
7266:
7261:
7258:
7255:
7252:
7246:
7245:
7240:
7237:
7234:
7231:
7225:
7224:
7219:
7216:
7213:
7210:
7199:
7198:
7193:
7190:
7187:
7184:
7178:
7177:
7172:
7169:
7166:
7163:
7157:
7156:
7151:
7148:
7145:
7142:
7136:
7135:
7132:
7129:
7126:
7123:
7117:
7116:
7111:
7108:
7105:
7102:
7096:
7095:
7090:
7087:
7084:
7081:
7075:
7074:
7069:
7066:
7063:
7060:
7054:
7053:
7048:
7045:
7042:
7039:
7033:
7032:
7027:
7024:
7021:
7018:
7012:
7011:
7006:
7003:
7000:
6997:
6991:
6990:
6985:
6982:
6979:
6976:
6970:
6969:
6964:
6961:
6958:
6955:
6949:
6948:
6943:
6940:
6937:
6934:
6928:
6927:
6922:
6919:
6916:
6913:
6902:
6901:
6899:Marcel Ciolacu
6896:
6893:
6890:
6887:
6876:
6875:
6870:
6867:
6864:
6861:
6855:
6854:
6849:
6846:
6843:
6840:
6829:
6828:
6823:
6820:
6817:
6814:
6803:
6802:
6799:
6796:
6793:
6790:
6784:
6783:
6778:
6775:
6772:
6769:
6763:
6762:
6757:
6754:
6751:
6748:
6742:
6741:
6736:
6733:
6730:
6727:
6721:
6720:
6718:Shehbaz Sharif
6715:
6712:
6709:
6706:
6695:
6694:
6689:
6686:
6683:
6680:
6674:
6673:
6668:
6665:
6662:
6659:
6653:
6652:
6649:
6646:
6643:
6640:
6638:Norfolk Island
6634:
6633:
6627:
6624:
6621:
6618:
6612:
6611:
6608:
6605:
6602:
6599:
6593:
6592:
6587:
6584:
6581:
6578:
6572:
6571:
6566:
6563:
6560:
6557:
6546:
6545:
6540:
6537:
6534:
6531:
6520:
6519:
6514:
6511:
6508:
6505:
6494:
6493:
6488:
6485:
6482:
6479:
6473:
6472:
6467:
6464:
6461:
6458:
6452:
6451:
6446:
6443:
6440:
6437:
6431:
6430:
6425:
6422:
6419:
6416:
6410:
6409:
6404:
6401:
6398:
6395:
6389:
6388:
6383:
6380:
6377:
6374:
6368:
6367:
6365:Milojko Spajić
6362:
6359:
6356:
6353:
6347:
6346:
6341:
6338:
6335:
6332:
6326:
6325:
6323:Pierre Dartout
6320:
6317:
6314:
6311:
6305:
6304:
6299:
6296:
6293:
6290:
6284:
6283:
6278:
6275:
6272:
6269:
6263:
6262:
6257:
6254:
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6248:
6242:
6241:
6236:
6233:
6230:
6227:
6221:
6220:
6215:
6212:
6209:
6206:
6200:
6199:
6193:
6190:
6187:
6184:
6178:
6177:
6172:
6169:
6166:
6163:
6157:
6156:
6153:
6150:
6147:
6144:
6138:
6137:
6132:
6129:
6126:
6123:
6117:
6116:
6111:
6108:
6105:
6102:
6096:
6095:
6090:
6087:
6084:
6081:
6075:
6074:
6069:
6066:
6063:
6060:
6054:
6053:
6048:
6045:
6042:
6039:
6033:
6032:
6027:
6024:
6021:
6018:
6012:
6011:
6006:
6003:
6000:
5997:
5991:
5990:
5985:
5982:
5979:
5976:
5970:
5969:
5964:
5961:
5958:
5955:
5949:
5948:
5943:
5940:
5937:
5934:
5928:
5927:
5922:
5919:
5916:
5913:
5907:
5906:
5901:
5898:
5895:
5892:
5886:
5885:
5880:
5877:
5874:
5871:
5860:
5859:
5854:
5851:
5848:
5845:
5839:
5838:
5835:
5832:
5829:
5826:
5820:
5819:
5817:Oljas Bektenov
5814:
5811:
5808:
5805:
5799:
5798:
5793:
5790:
5787:
5784:
5778:
5777:
5775:Lyndon Farnham
5772:
5769:
5766:
5763:
5757:
5756:
5751:
5748:
5745:
5742:
5731:
5730:
5728:Andrew Holness
5725:
5722:
5719:
5716:
5710:
5709:
5707:Giorgia Meloni
5704:
5701:
5698:
5695:
5684:
5683:
5678:
5675:
5672:
5669:
5658:
5657:
5652:
5649:
5646:
5643:
5637:
5636:
5631:
5628:
5625:
5622:
5616:
5615:
5612:
5609:
5606:
5603:
5592:
5591:
5588:
5585:
5582:
5579:
5573:
5572:
5567:
5564:
5561:
5558:
5547:
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5538:
5535:
5532:
5526:
5525:
5520:
5517:
5514:
5511:
5500:
5499:
5494:
5491:
5488:
5485:
5479:
5478:
5473:
5470:
5467:
5464:
5458:
5457:
5452:
5449:
5446:
5443:
5437:
5436:
5431:
5428:
5425:
5422:
5416:
5415:
5410:
5407:
5404:
5401:
5395:
5394:
5389:
5386:
5383:
5380:
5374:
5373:
5368:
5365:
5362:
5359:
5353:
5352:
5347:
5344:
5341:
5338:
5327:
5326:
5324:Fabian Picardo
5321:
5318:
5315:
5312:
5306:
5305:
5302:
5299:
5296:
5293:
5287:
5286:
5281:
5278:
5275:
5272:
5261:
5260:
5255:
5252:
5249:
5246:
5240:
5239:
5236:
5233:
5230:
5227:
5221:
5220:
5215:
5212:
5209:
5206:
5200:
5199:
5194:
5191:
5188:
5185:
5174:
5173:
5168:
5165:
5162:
5159:
5148:
5147:
5142:
5139:
5136:
5133:
5127:
5126:
5121:
5118:
5115:
5112:
5106:
5105:
5100:
5097:
5094:
5091:
5085:
5084:
5082:Kristen Michal
5079:
5076:
5073:
5070:
5064:
5063:
5058:
5055:
5052:
5049:
5043:
5042:
5037:
5034:
5031:
5028:
5017:
5016:
5011:
5008:
5005:
5002:
4996:
4995:
4990:
4987:
4984:
4981:
4975:
4974:
4969:
4966:
4963:
4960:
4954:
4953:
4948:
4945:
4942:
4939:
4928:
4927:
4922:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4906:Czech Republic
4902:
4901:
4896:
4893:
4890:
4887:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4872:
4869:
4866:
4860:
4859:
4854:
4851:
4848:
4845:
4839:
4838:
4833:
4830:
4827:
4824:
4818:
4817:
4812:
4809:
4806:
4803:
4797:
4796:
4791:
4788:
4785:
4782:
4776:
4775:
4770:
4767:
4764:
4761:
4750:
4749:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4735:
4729:
4728:
4725:
4722:
4719:
4716:
4710:
4709:
4704:
4701:
4698:
4695:
4684:
4683:
4678:
4675:
4672:
4669:
4663:
4662:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4642:
4641:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4627:
4625:Cayman Islands
4621:
4620:
4615:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4600:
4599:
4597:Justin Trudeau
4594:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4574:
4573:
4568:
4565:
4562:
4559:
4553:
4552:
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4532:
4531:
4528:
4525:
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4513:
4512:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4498:
4492:
4491:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4471:
4470:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4450:
4449:
4444:
4441:
4438:
4435:
4429:
4428:
4425:
4422:
4419:
4416:
4410:
4409:
4406:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4391:
4390:
4388:Borjana Krišto
4385:
4382:
4379:
4376:
4370:
4369:
4367:Lotay Tshering
4364:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4349:
4348:
4343:
4340:
4337:
4334:
4328:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4309:
4308:
4306:Johnny Briceño
4303:
4300:
4297:
4294:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4262:
4261:
4256:
4253:
4250:
4247:
4241:
4240:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4215:
4214:
4212:Muhammad Yunus
4209:
4206:
4203:
4200:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4168:
4167:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4126:
4125:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4090:
4079:
4078:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4058:
4057:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4037:
4036:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4016:
4015:
4010:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3995:
3994:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3934:
3933:
3931:Nadir Larbaoui
3928:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3892:
3891:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3872:
3866:
3865:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3845:
3844:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3828:
3803:
3800:
3757:
3756:
3717:prime minister
3384:prime minister
3300:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3280:
3278:United Kingdom
3274:
3273:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3242:
3241:
3238:
3232:
3231:
3230:Statsminister
3228:
3222:
3221:
3210:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3070:Statsminister
3068:
3062:
3061:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3020:
3014:
3013:
3010:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2968:
2962:
2961:
2955:
2949:
2948:
2938:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2872:Bundeskanzler
2870:
2864:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2839:
2833:
2832:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2774:
2768:
2767:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2693:Bundeskanzler
2691:
2685:
2684:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2621:Pradhān Mantrī
2617:Prodhan Montri
2601:First Minister
2593:Northern Irish
2523:chief minister
2448:prime minister
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2405:
2402:
2397:Cabinet Office
2393:Cabinet Office
2385:Main article:
2382:
2379:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2282:constitutional
2205:following the
2153:
2152:
2117:of the subject
2115:worldwide view
2110:
2108:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2064:
2054:
2039:
2009:
1987:
1972:
1961:
1943:
1942:
1922:
1921:
1902:
1899:
1768:Chief Minister
1760:First Minister
1696:Czech Republic
1680:United Kingdom
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1561:
1558:
1553:British Empire
1522:Lord Melbourne
1513:Robert Walpole
1486:Bill of Rights
1457:
1454:
1452:shared power.
1418:Prime Minister
1406:Ottoman Empire
1383:
1380:
1372:
1369:
1320:
1317:
1289:prime minister
1236:
1235:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1210:
1207:
1206:
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1199:
1198:
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1192:
1184:
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1179:
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1177:
1176:
1171:
1167:cohabitational
1159:
1145:
1133:
1128:
1116:
1112:Constitutional
1101:
1100:
1094:
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1092:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1072:
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1047:
1037:
1036:
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1034:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1006:
1001:
996:
994:Prime minister
991:
986:
981:
979:First minister
976:
974:Chief minister
971:
966:
960:
950:
949:
943:
942:
940:
939:
934:
929:
927:Supreme leader
924:
918:
915:
914:
908:
907:
901:
900:
852:reserve powers
769:prime minister
723:
722:
720:
719:
712:
705:
697:
694:
693:
680:
679:
676:
675:
670:
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553:Related topics
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527:
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488:Foreign policy
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467:
461:
460:
459:
456:
455:
452:
451:
450:
449:
435:
430:
425:
412:
406:
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404:
401:
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391:
386:
384:Policy studies
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366:
361:
349:
347:
335:
332:
328:
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167:Primary topics
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24:
15:
9:
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4:
3:
2:
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10639:
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10606:
10598:
10596:
10587:
10586:
10583:
10577:
10574:
10572:
10569:
10566:
10565:mental health
10562:
10559:
10557:
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10549:
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10477:
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10443:
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10297:
10294:
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10288:
10286:
10280:
10274:
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10266:
10264:
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10256:
10254:
10251:
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10240:
10238:
10232:
10226:
10223:
10221:
10218:
10214:
10211:
10210:
10209:
10206:
10204:
10201:
10199:
10196:
10194:
10191:
10190:
10188:
10186:public safety
10180:
10174:
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10164:
10161:
10159:
10156:
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9949:
9947:
9944:
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9937:
9934:
9932:
9929:
9928:
9926:
9924:Defunct title
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9896:
9893:
9891:
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9828:
9826:
9823:
9821:
9818:
9816:
9813:
9811:
9808:
9806:
9803:
9801:
9800:South Ossetia
9798:
9796:
9793:
9791:
9788:
9786:
9783:
9781:
9778:
9776:
9773:
9771:
9768:
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9688:
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9641:
9638:
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9631:
9628:
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9608:
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9513:
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9508:
9506:
9503:
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9496:
9493:
9491:
9488:
9486:
9483:
9481:
9478:
9476:
9473:
9471:
9468:
9466:
9463:
9461:
9458:
9456:
9455:Guinea-Bissau
9453:
9451:
9448:
9446:
9443:
9441:
9438:
9436:
9433:
9431:
9428:
9426:
9423:
9421:
9418:
9416:
9413:
9411:
9408:
9406:
9405:Faroe Islands
9403:
9401:
9398:
9396:
9393:
9391:
9388:
9386:
9383:
9381:
9378:
9376:
9373:
9371:
9368:
9366:
9363:
9361:
9358:
9356:
9353:
9351:
9348:
9346:
9343:
9341:
9338:
9336:
9333:
9331:
9328:
9326:
9323:
9321:
9318:
9316:
9313:
9311:
9308:
9306:
9303:
9301:
9298:
9296:
9293:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9226:
9223:
9221:
9218:
9216:
9213:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9182:
9180:
9174:
9170:
9163:
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9156:
9151:
9149:
9144:
9143:
9140:
9124:
9121:
9119:
9116:
9114:
9111:
9110:
9108:
9104:
9098:
9095:
9093:
9090:
9088:
9085:
9083:
9080:
9078:
9075:
9073:
9070:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9058:
9055:
9052:
9049:
9047:
9044:
9042:
9039:
9037:
9034:
9033:
9031:
9027:
9023:
9019:
9011:
9006:
9004:
8999:
8997:
8992:
8991:
8988:
8981:
8980:9788170229247
8977:
8973:
8972:
8967:
8964:
8963:
8959:James Manor,
8958:
8955:
8954:
8949:
8946:
8942:
8938:
8935:
8931:
8927:
8926:
8921:
8918:
8914:
8911:
8910:9781845406479
8907:
8903:
8902:
8899:
8894:
8893:
8881:
8880:9780660674582
8877:
8873:
8871:
8866:
8862:
8861:
8855:
8848:
8847:9780660674582
8844:
8840:
8836:
8832:
8831:
8824:
8817:
8816:9780660674582
8813:
8809:
8805:
8801:
8800:
8794:
8778:
8774:
8768:
8752:
8748:
8742:
8726:
8722:
8716:
8712:
8708:
8701:
8685:
8681:
8679:9780313273261
8675:
8671:
8670:
8662:
8646:
8642:
8636:
8632:
8631:
8623:
8607:
8603:
8601:9780773525085
8597:
8593:
8592:
8584:
8568:
8564:
8562:9781400878260
8558:
8554:
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8537:
8531:
8515:
8511:
8504:
8497:
8484:
8480:
8474:
8466:
8460:
8452:
8446:
8438:
8432:
8417:
8411:
8404:
8400:
8397:
8396:Ancien Régime
8392:
8376:
8372:
8366:
8358:
8352:
8344:
8338:
8330:
8324:
8320:
8311:
8308:
8300:
8289:
8286:
8282:
8279:
8275:
8272:
8268:
8265:
8261:
8258: –
8257:
8253:
8252:Find sources:
8246:
8242:
8236:
8235:
8230:This article
8228:
8224:
8219:
8218:
8205:
8200:
8193:
8189:
8183:
8174:
8167:
8160:
8156:
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8138:
8137:
8134:
8131:
8130:
8127:
8124:
8122:
8119:
8117:
8114:
8112:
8111:Head of state
8109:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8099:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8089:
8087:
8084:
8083:
8072:
8069:
8066:
8063:
8061:
8058:
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8050:
8047:
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8035:
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8029:
8026:
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8018:
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8011:
8008:
8005:
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8000:
7997:
7996:
7993:
7990:
7987:
7984:
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7979:
7976:
7975:
7972:
7969:
7966:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7954:
7951:
7948:
7945:
7942:
7939:
7937:
7934:
7933:
7930:
7927:
7924:
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7918:
7916:
7913:
7912:
7908:
7905:
7902:
7899:
7897:
7894:
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7890:
7887:
7884:
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7878:
7875:
7871:
7868:
7867:
7864:
7861:
7858:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7847:
7846:
7843:
7842:Denys Shmyhal
7840:
7837:
7834:
7831:
7828:
7824:
7821:
7820:
7817:
7814:
7811:
7808:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7799:
7796:
7793:
7790:
7787:
7784:
7782:
7779:
7778:
7775:
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7769:
7766:
7763:
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7758:
7757:
7753:
7750:
7747:
7744:
7742:
7739:
7738:
7734:
7731:
7728:
7725:
7722:
7718:
7715:
7714:
7711:
7710:Ahmed Hachani
7708:
7705:
7702:
7699:
7697:
7694:
7693:
7690:
7687:
7684:
7681:
7678:
7676:
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7669:
7666:
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7660:
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7655:
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7631:
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7627:
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7609:
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7603:
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7597:
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7554:
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7537:
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7530:
7527:
7524:
7521:
7519:
7516:
7515:
7512:
7509:
7506:
7503:
7500:
7497:
7493:
7490:
7489:
7486:
7483:
7480:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7468:
7465:
7462:
7459:
7456:
7453:
7450:
7446:
7443:
7442:
7439:
7436:
7433:
7430:
7427:
7425:
7422:
7421:
7417:
7414:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7402:
7399:
7398:Osman Hussein
7396:
7393:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7381:
7378:
7375:
7372:
7369:
7366:
7363:
7359:
7356:
7355:
7352:
7351:Pedro Sánchez
7349:
7346:
7343:
7340:
7337:
7333:
7330:
7329:
7326:
7323:
7320:
7317:
7314:
7312:
7311:South Ossetia
7309:
7308:
7304:
7301:
7298:
7295:
7293:
7290:
7289:
7286:
7283:
7280:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7269:
7268:
7265:
7262:
7259:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7247:
7244:
7241:
7238:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7226:
7223:
7220:
7217:
7214:
7211:
7208:
7204:
7201:
7200:
7197:
7194:
7191:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7179:
7176:
7175:Lawrence Wong
7173:
7170:
7167:
7164:
7162:
7159:
7158:
7155:
7152:
7149:
7146:
7143:
7141:
7138:
7137:
7133:
7130:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7118:
7115:
7114:Miloš Vučević
7112:
7109:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7097:
7094:
7093:Ousmane Sonko
7091:
7088:
7085:
7082:
7080:
7077:
7076:
7073:
7070:
7067:
7064:
7061:
7059:
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7055:
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7049:
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7043:
7040:
7038:
7035:
7034:
7031:
7028:
7025:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7013:
7010:
7007:
7004:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6992:
6989:
6988:Philip Pierre
6986:
6983:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6971:
6968:
6967:Terrance Drew
6965:
6962:
6959:
6956:
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6947:
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6797:
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6758:
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6710:
6707:
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6697:
6696:
6693:
6690:
6687:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6675:
6672:
6669:
6666:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6654:
6650:
6647:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6635:
6632:
6628:
6625:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6613:
6609:
6606:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6594:
6591:
6588:
6585:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6573:
6570:
6567:
6564:
6561:
6558:
6555:
6551:
6548:
6547:
6544:
6541:
6538:
6535:
6532:
6529:
6525:
6522:
6521:
6518:
6515:
6512:
6509:
6506:
6503:
6499:
6496:
6495:
6492:
6491:KP Sharma Oli
6489:
6486:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6474:
6471:
6468:
6465:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6453:
6450:
6447:
6444:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6432:
6429:
6426:
6423:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6411:
6408:
6405:
6402:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6387:
6384:
6381:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6369:
6366:
6363:
6360:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6348:
6345:
6342:
6339:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6327:
6324:
6321:
6318:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6306:
6303:
6300:
6297:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6285:
6282:
6279:
6276:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6264:
6261:
6258:
6255:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6243:
6240:
6239:Alfred Cannan
6237:
6234:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6219:
6216:
6213:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6201:
6197:
6194:
6191:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6179:
6176:
6175:Anwar Ibrahim
6173:
6170:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6158:
6154:
6151:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6139:
6136:
6133:
6130:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6118:
6115:
6112:
6109:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6097:
6094:
6091:
6088:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6076:
6073:
6070:
6067:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6058:Liechtenstein
6056:
6055:
6052:
6049:
6046:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6034:
6031:
6028:
6025:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6013:
6010:
6007:
6004:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5992:
5989:
5986:
5983:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5971:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5950:
5947:
5944:
5941:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5929:
5926:
5923:
5920:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5908:
5905:
5902:
5899:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5887:
5884:
5881:
5878:
5875:
5872:
5869:
5865:
5862:
5861:
5858:
5855:
5852:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5840:
5836:
5833:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5821:
5818:
5815:
5812:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5800:
5797:
5794:
5791:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5779:
5776:
5773:
5770:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5758:
5755:
5754:Fumio Kishida
5752:
5749:
5746:
5743:
5740:
5736:
5733:
5732:
5729:
5726:
5723:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5711:
5708:
5705:
5702:
5699:
5696:
5693:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5682:
5679:
5676:
5673:
5670:
5667:
5663:
5660:
5659:
5656:
5653:
5650:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5635:
5632:
5629:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5617:
5613:
5610:
5607:
5604:
5601:
5597:
5594:
5593:
5589:
5586:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5574:
5571:
5570:Narendra Modi
5568:
5565:
5562:
5559:
5556:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5545:
5542:
5539:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5527:
5524:
5521:
5518:
5515:
5512:
5509:
5505:
5502:
5501:
5498:
5497:Garry Conille
5495:
5492:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5477:
5476:Mark Phillips
5474:
5471:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5456:
5453:
5450:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5441:Guinea-Bissau
5439:
5438:
5435:
5432:
5429:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5417:
5414:
5411:
5408:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5396:
5393:
5390:
5387:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5375:
5372:
5369:
5366:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5354:
5351:
5348:
5345:
5342:
5339:
5336:
5332:
5329:
5328:
5325:
5322:
5319:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5285:
5282:
5279:
5276:
5273:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5253:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5237:
5234:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5219:
5216:
5213:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5201:
5198:
5197:Gabriel Attal
5195:
5192:
5189:
5186:
5183:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5166:
5163:
5160:
5157:
5153:
5150:
5149:
5146:
5143:
5140:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5128:
5125:
5122:
5119:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5110:Faroe Islands
5108:
5107:
5104:
5101:
5098:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5083:
5080:
5077:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5065:
5062:
5059:
5056:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5044:
5041:
5038:
5035:
5032:
5029:
5026:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5015:
5014:Xanana Gusmão
5012:
5009:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4997:
4994:
4991:
4988:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4973:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4952:
4949:
4946:
4943:
4940:
4937:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4920:
4917:
4914:
4911:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4900:
4897:
4894:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4882:
4879:
4876:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4768:
4765:
4762:
4759:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4726:
4723:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4708:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4696:
4693:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4682:
4679:
4676:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4643:
4640:
4637:
4634:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4622:
4619:
4616:
4613:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4583:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4533:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4511:
4508:
4505:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4490:
4487:
4484:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4448:
4445:
4442:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4430:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4411:
4407:
4404:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4362:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4325:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4274:
4271:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4187:
4184:
4181:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4124:
4123:Karl Nehammer
4121:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4077:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4059:
4056:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4035:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4014:
4013:Gaston Browne
4011:
4008:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3996:
3993:
3992:Ellis Webster
3990:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3864:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3838:Term given by
3829:
3826:
3825:
3822:
3815:
3809:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3786:
3784:
3780:
3777:
3773:
3771:
3770:David Cameron
3767:
3763:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3745:Conservatives
3741:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3707:
3702:
3700:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3680:
3676:
3674:
3670:
3667:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3641:
3637:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3624:
3623:
3619:
3616:
3612:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3599:
3597:
3593:
3590:
3586:
3584:
3580:
3577:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3563:
3559:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3537:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3524:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3511:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3498:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3459:
3455:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3395:
3392:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3378:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3365:
3361:
3359:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3342:
3337:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3029:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2945:प्रधान मंत्री
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2848:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2819:Faroe Islands
2817:
2816:
2813:Ndvunankhulu
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2650:definite form
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2505:(such as the
2504:
2500:
2496:
2495:Statsminister
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2444:
2443:
2437:
2433:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2401:
2398:
2395:. The U.K.’s
2394:
2388:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2367:Julia Gillard
2364:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2312:
2308:
2307:jurisdictions
2304:
2300:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2149:
2146:
2138:
2135:November 2023
2128:
2124:
2118:
2116:
2109:
2100:
2099:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2079:statsminister
2076:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2047:
2044:Example: the
2043:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2026:appoints the
2025:
2021:
2017:
2015:
2010:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1993:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1898:
1896:
1890:
1888:
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1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1827:
1825:
1824:United States
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1780:Statsminister
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1758:). See also "
1757:
1753:
1749:
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1709:
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1467:
1462:
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1437:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1423:
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1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1378:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1344:royal council
1341:
1337:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1291:and minister
1290:
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1278:
1274:
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1266:
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1258:
1253:
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1191:
1188:
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1181:
1180:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1136:Parliamentary
1134:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1124:Parliamentary
1120:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
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1057:
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1052:
1049:
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1046:
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1040:
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1038:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
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967:
965:
962:
961:
959:
958:
954:
953:
952:
951:
948:
945:
944:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
919:
917:
916:
913:
912:Head of state
910:
909:
906:
903:
902:
898:
894:
893:
890:
888:
887:head of state
884:
883:civil service
880:
876:
870:
868:
864:
860:
855:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
801:head of state
798:
794:
793:parliamentary
791:, often in a
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
762:
761:Stefan Löfven
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
739:, Lithuania;
738:
734:
729:
718:
713:
711:
706:
704:
699:
698:
696:
695:
692:
687:
682:
681:
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664:
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621:
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541:
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536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
522:
519:
516:
515:
507:
506:
499:
496:
494:
493:Civil society
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
477:
472:
471:Public policy
469:
468:
464:
458:
457:
447:
443:
439:
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429:
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317:
314:
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309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
291:Parliamentary
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
276:Hybrid regime
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
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259:
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244:
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239:
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115:
112:
104:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
10096:
10016:Turkmenistan
10006:South Africa
9775:Sint Maarten
9755:Saudi Arabia
9335:Cook Islands
9285:Burkina Faso
9168:
9091:
8970:
8961:
8952:
8944:
8923:
8900:
8898:Premiership:
8897:
8869:
8864:
8858:
8854:
8834:
8828:
8823:
8803:
8797:
8793:
8783:19 September
8781:. Retrieved
8777:the original
8767:
8755:. Retrieved
8741:
8729:. Retrieved
8710:
8700:
8688:. Retrieved
8668:
8661:
8649:. Retrieved
8629:
8622:
8610:. Retrieved
8590:
8583:
8571:. Retrieved
8551:
8544:
8518:. Retrieved
8503:
8494:
8487:. Retrieved
8483:the original
8473:
8459:
8445:
8431:
8419:. Retrieved
8410:
8391:
8379:. Retrieved
8365:
8351:
8337:
8323:
8303:
8294:
8284:
8277:
8270:
8263:
8251:
8239:Please help
8234:verification
8231:
8199:
8187:
8182:
8173:
8159:
7889:Keir Starmer
7741:Turkmenistan
7689:Keith Rowley
7654:Transnistria
7511:Cho Jung-tai
7292:South Africa
7243:Robert Golob
7182:Sint Maarten
7140:Sierra Leone
7058:Saudi Arabia
6760:James Marape
6569:Andrew Furey
6302:Dorin Recean
6218:Robert Abela
6072:Daniel Risch
6030:Sam Matekane
6009:Najib Mikati
5988:Evika Siliņa
5883:Han Duck-soo
5655:Simon Harris
5523:Viktor Orbán
5413:Lyndon Trott
5171:Petteri Orpo
4878:Gilmar Pisas
4780:Cook Islands
4660:Félix Moloua
4571:Joseph Ngute
4496:Burkina Faso
4165:Philip Davis
3884:Hasan Akhund
3830:List starts
3820:
3792:constitution
3788:
3787:
3779:constitution
3775:
3774:
3758:
3749:Earl of Home
3720:
3709:constitution
3705:
3703:
3695:constitution
3691:
3690:
3682:constitution
3678:
3677:
3669:constitution
3665:
3664:
3656:constitution
3652:
3651:
3643:constitution
3639:
3638:
3630:constitution
3626:
3625:
3618:constitution
3614:
3613:
3605:constitution
3601:
3600:
3592:constitution
3588:
3587:
3579:constitution
3575:
3573:
3565:constitution
3561:
3560:
3552:constitution
3548:
3547:
3539:constitution
3535:
3534:
3526:constitution
3522:
3521:
3513:constitution
3509:
3508:
3500:constitution
3496:
3495:
3483:
3482:
3474:constitution
3470:
3469:
3461:constitution
3457:
3456:
3437:
3423:
3420:constitution
3415:
3414:
3394:constitution
3390:
3388:
3380:constitution
3377:Bangladesh's
3376:
3375:
3367:constitution
3363:
3362:
3354:constitution
3350:
3349:
3346:
3341:William Pitt
3240:Waziri mkuu
2803:Peaminister
2625:Wazir-e-Azam
2624:
2620:
2616:
2586:
2547:
2535:
2494:
2478:
2455:
2447:
2435:
2429:
2407:
2390:
2359:spill motion
2352:
2348:constructive
2337:
2330:
2322:
2316:
2310:
2296:
2275:
2269:
2262:upper houses
2247:
2235:Mario Draghi
2211:
2191:
2175:continuously
2174:
2170:
2156:
2141:
2132:
2112:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2066:
2056:
2041:
2032:Dáil Éireann
2022:, where the
2013:
2011:
1991:
1989:
1977:
1974:
1963:
1946:
1938:
1909:
1904:
1895:cohabitation
1891:
1839:presidential
1828:
1779:
1617:
1579:
1571:
1560:Modern usage
1550:
1548:until 1905.
1526:
1506:
1501:
1491:
1475:
1468:at the 1944
1438:
1430:
1426:Grand Vizier
1410:Grand Vizier
1399:
1396:Grand vizier
1358:
1347:
1339:
1333:
1325:Grand Vizier
1322:
1254:
1239:
1174:Presidential
1153:
1069:
1042:
1017:
993:
955:
871:
856:
825:
772:
768:
766:
753:Anne Sulling
733:Erna Solberg
421:street-level
296:Presidential
256:Dictatorship
126:Part of the
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
10234:Economics /
9996:Philippines
9735:Saint Lucia
9660:New Zealand
9655:Netherlands
9530:South Korea
9525:North Korea
9190:Afghanistan
9123:State Elder
8818:, pp. 1–52.
8757:16 December
8731:27 February
8690:27 February
8651:27 February
8489:27 November
8421:15 December
7222:Robert Fico
6974:Saint Lucia
6826:Donald Tusk
6788:Philippines
6524:New Zealand
6517:Dick Schoof
6498:Netherlands
6225:Isle of Man
6114:Luc Frieden
5904:Albin Kurti
5864:South Korea
5857:Kim Tok-hun
5843:North Korea
5284:Olaf Scholz
4238:Mia Mottley
3870:Afghanistan
3827:Government
3762:Theresa May
3666:Sri Lanka's
3448:conferences
3364:Australia's
3175:South Korea
3089:Netherlands
2903:Greenlandic
2499:federations
2363:Tony Abbott
2250:governments
2046:Philippines
2012:Parliament
1969:parliament:
1871:South Korea
1820:Switzerland
1804:Philippines
1676:New Zealand
1640:Netherlands
1511:politician
1456:Development
1412:simply the
1242:legislature
1154:simul simul
1141:Westminster
1131:Directorial
863:South Korea
857:Under some
848:legislature
759:, Denmark;
751:, Finland;
747:, Iceland;
560:Sovereignty
525:Legislature
428:Technocracy
416:Bureaucracy
281:Meritocracy
261:Directorial
10620:Categories
10486:Presidents
10182:Defence /
10080:Leadership
10073:ministries
10001:Seychelles
9895:Uzbekistan
9835:Tajikistan
9635:Mozambique
9625:Montenegro
9605:Mauritania
9585:Madagascar
9580:Luxembourg
9545:Kyrgyzstan
9520:Kazakhstan
9380:East Timor
9310:Cape Verde
9240:Bangladesh
9225:Azerbaijan
9178:by country
9036:Chancellor
8849:, pp. 3–4.
8839:YX1‑1/2012
8808:YX1‑1/2012
8267:newspapers
8213:References
8091:Chancellor
7915:Uzbekistan
7795:Feleti Teo
7518:Tajikistan
7121:Seychelles
6414:Mozambique
6372:Montserrat
6351:Montenegro
6246:Mauritania
6198:(interim)
6121:Madagascar
6100:Luxembourg
5932:Kyrgyzstan
5803:Kazakhstan
5225:The Gambia
5103:Abiy Ahmed
5000:East Timor
4925:Petr Fiala
4899:Ünal Üstel
4794:Mark Brown
4604:Cape Verde
4193:Bangladesh
4144:Ali Asadov
4130:Azerbaijan
3843:Incumbent
3753:Rab Butler
3738:in 1905).
3713:uncodified
3679:Thailand's
3627:Pakistan's
3602:Malaysia's
3491:chancellor
3292:Thủ Tướng
3056:Montenegro
2831:: Lagmand
2826:: Løgmaður
2716:Lyonchhen
2699:Bangladesh
2613:Bangladesh
2570:Honourable
2554:Honourable
2550:Excellency
2539:Chancellor
2371:Kevin Rudd
2303:electorate
2299:opposition
2229:, such as
2197:, who was
1772:Chancellor
1732:Montenegro
1688:Bangladesh
1678:, and the
1636:Luxembourg
1620:monarchies
1533:George III
1520:minister,
1444:ministers
1375:See also:
1246:monarchies
1244:. In some
1086:Presidency
964:Chancellor
947:Government
861:, such as
844:confidence
821:government
817:republican
789:government
787:branch of
743:, Latvia;
735:, Norway;
650:Governance
640:Government
635:Federalism
236:City-state
71:newspapers
10087:President
10069:ministers
9961:Indonesia
9820:Swaziland
9810:Sri Lanka
9770:Singapore
9685:Palestine
9610:Mauritius
9575:Lithuania
9440:Greenland
9220:Australia
9097:Taoiseach
9072:President
8297:June 2012
8121:President
7424:Swaziland
7358:Sri Lanka
7161:Singapore
6915:1864/1905
6725:Palestine
6267:Mauritius
6079:Lithuania
5577:Indonesia
5357:Greenland
5310:Gibraltar
5274:1871/1949
4550:Hun Manet
4083:Australia
4020:Argentina
3789:Ukraine's
3543:Taoiseach
3536:Ireland's
3510:Hungary's
3487:Basic Law
3484:Germany's
3351:Algeria's
3260:Başbakan
3208:Sri Lanka
3152:Singapore
3008:Lithuania
2971:Taoiseach
2898:Greenland
2727:Katikkiro
2676:Australia
2578:privilege
2442:Taoiseach
2355:Australia
2274:, have a
2163:elections
2127:talk page
2059:Example:
2028:Taoiseach
2024:president
2018:Example:
2014:nominates
2002:Bundestag
1992:nominates
1966:formateur
1949:Example:
1935:coalition
1912:Example:
1887:president
1851:Argentina
1835:president
1788:Indonesia
1776:Taoiseach
1682:) and in
1672:Australia
1622:(such as
1529:George II
1354:Louis XIV
1319:Etymology
1271:was also
1056:Secretary
1032:Secretary
932:President
830:(be they
813:president
785:executive
781:ministers
763:, Sweden.
630:Unitarism
618:Elections
606:Subseries
535:Judiciary
530:Executive
433:Adhocracy
316:Theocracy
271:Feudalism
251:Democracy
10137:Minister
10026:Zimbabwe
9981:Maldives
9845:Thailand
9840:Tanzania
9785:Slovenia
9780:Slovakia
9705:Portugal
9680:Pakistan
9620:Mongolia
9590:Malaysia
9400:Ethiopia
9375:Dominica
9370:Djibouti
9300:Cameroon
9295:Cambodia
9280:Bulgaria
9245:Barbados
9185:Abkhazia
9113:Chairman
8751:Archived
8725:Archived
8684:Archived
8645:Archived
8612:23 April
8606:Archived
8573:15 April
8567:Archived
8530:cite web
8520:15 April
8514:Archived
8399:Archived
8375:Archived
8373:. 1709.
8080:See also
8060:Zimbabwe
7560:Thailand
7539:Tanzania
7405:Suriname
7229:Slovenia
7203:Slovakia
6833:Portugal
6699:Pakistan
6330:Mongolia
6161:Malaysia
5434:Bah Oury
5399:Guernsey
5089:Ethiopia
4979:Dominica
4958:Djibouti
4707:Li Qiang
4557:Cameroon
4536:Cambodia
4475:Bulgaria
4395:Botswana
4219:Barbados
3978:Anguilla
3910:Edi Rama
3849:Abkhazia
3776:Russia's
3722:de facto
3711:, being
3692:Taiwan's
3640:Poland's
3615:Norway's
3497:Greece's
3471:France's
3328:and the
3246:Thailand
3236:Tanzania
3122:Portugal
3099:Pakistan
3046:Mongolia
3018:Malaysia
2809:Eswatini
2744:Cambodia
2734:Bulgaria
2647:Albanian
2589:Scottish
2527:governor
2181:after a
2121:You may
1959:Thailand
1931:Malaysia
1841:and all
1822:and the
1740:Bulgaria
1728:Pakistan
1664:Thailand
1648:Malaysia
1502:de facto
1494:George I
1404:and the
1313:Interior
1119:Republic
1107:Monarchy
1076:Governor
1051:Minister
1044:Ministry
895:Part of
875:chairman
819:form of
658:Ideology
476:doctrine
437:Service
301:Republic
286:Monarchy
266:Federacy
155:Category
135:Politics
101:May 2018
10117:Premier
9991:Nigeria
9946:Comoros
9905:Vietnam
9900:Vanuatu
9880:Ukraine
9860:Tunisia
9795:Somalia
9760:Senegal
9715:Romania
9645:Namibia
9640:Myanmar
9630:Morocco
9615:Moldova
9565:Lesotho
9560:Lebanon
9505:Jamaica
9490:Ireland
9475:Iceland
9470:Hungary
9445:Grenada
9430:Georgia
9415:Finland
9395:Estonia
9365:Denmark
9350:Curaçao
9340:Croatia
9290:Burundi
9265:Bermuda
9255:Belgium
9250:Belarus
9235:Bahrain
9230:Bahamas
9210:Armenia
9200:Algeria
9195:Albania
9067:Premier
9029:Current
8381:16 June
8281:scholar
8116:Monarch
7978:Vietnam
7957:Vatican
7936:Vanuatu
7896:Uruguay
7823:Ukraine
7696:Tunisia
7612:Tokelau
7271:Somalia
7079:Senegal
6880:Romania
6597:Nigeria
6456:Namibia
6393:Morocco
6288:Moldova
6016:Lesotho
5995:Lebanon
5714:Jamaica
5641:Ireland
5530:Iceland
5504:Hungary
5378:Grenada
5265:Germany
5244:Georgia
5152:Finland
5068:Estonia
4932:Denmark
4864:Curaçao
4822:Croatia
4714:Comoros
4517:Burundi
4332:Bermuda
4266:Belgium
4245:Belarus
4172:Bahrain
4151:Bahamas
4109:Austria
4041:Armenia
3938:Andorra
3917:Algeria
3896:Albania
3833:Parties
3736:Balfour
3653:Spain's
3589:Malta's
3562:Japan's
3549:Italy's
3523:India's
3436:). The
3398:premier
3288:Vietnam
3266:Ukraine
3213:Sinhala
3187:: 國務總理
3162:Chinese
3132:Romania
2966:Ireland
2926:Iceland
2916:Hungary
2878:Georgia
2868:Germany
2860:French:
2847:Swedish
2842:Finnish
2837:Finland
2824:Faroese
2799:Estonia
2789:Denmark
2777:Chinese
2759:English
2722:Buganda
2704:Bengali
2689:Austria
2681:English
2658:Algeria
2642:Albania
2564:or the
2543:Persian
2519:premier
2513:or the
2340:Germany
2319:cabinet
2266:cabinet
2233:'s and
2075:monarch
2051:Vanuatu
2034:. Also
2020:Ireland
1955:Romania
1939:de jure
1881:of the
1879:premier
1875:Ukraine
1847:Algeria
1792:Nigeria
1764:Premier
1744:Romania
1736:Croatia
1720:Ireland
1708:Hungary
1692:Finland
1652:Morocco
1628:Denmark
1624:Belgium
1581:Bahrain
1498:Hanover
1434:cabinet
1382:Origins
1371:History
1309:Defense
1305:Economy
1098:Systems
1019:Cabinet
989:Premier
922:Monarch
846:of the
809:monarch
783:in the
777:cabinet
663:Culture
573:Country
231:Anarchy
145:Outline
85:scholar
10636:Titles
10593:
10327:Social
10225:Europe
10146:Titles
10021:Zambia
10011:Turkey
9976:Malawi
9951:Gambia
9941:Brazil
9931:Angola
9875:Uganda
9870:Tuvalu
9825:Sweden
9765:Serbia
9725:Rwanda
9720:Russia
9700:Poland
9675:Norway
9555:Latvia
9540:Kuwait
9535:Kosovo
9515:Jordan
9495:Israel
9460:Guyana
9450:Guinea
9435:Greece
9420:France
9305:Canada
9270:Bhutan
9260:Belize
9106:Former
8978:
8932:
8908:
8878:
8845:
8814:
8717:
8676:
8637:
8598:
8559:
8283:
8276:
8269:
8262:
8254:
8188:former
8041:Zambia
7802:Uganda
7781:Tuvalu
7717:Turkey
7583:acting
7445:Sweden
7100:Serbia
6932:Rwanda
6906:Russia
6807:Poland
6678:Norway
6309:Monaco
6142:Malawi
5974:Latvia
5911:Kuwait
5890:Kosovo
5782:Jordan
5761:Jersey
5662:Israel
5462:Guyana
5420:Guinea
5331:Greece
5178:France
4578:Canada
4454:Brunei
4414:Brazil
4353:Bhutan
4292:Belize
3959:Angola
3888:acting
3835:shown
3768:while
3416:Canada
3410:pinyin
3408:: 总理;
3396:set a
3256:Turkey
3226:Sweden
3182:: 국무총리
3180:Hangul
3142:Russia
3112:Poland
3081:Nepali
3066:Norway
2998:Latvia
2958:Hebrew
2953:Israel
2908:Danish
2888:Greece
2855:France
2829:Danish
2779::
2764:French
2754:Canada
2712:Bhutan
2668:French
2663:Arabic
2636:Title
2633:Entity
2509:, the
2452:Israel
2450:), in
2426:Titles
2323:entire
2258:supply
2061:Israel
1914:France
1867:Russia
1863:Poland
1859:France
1816:Mexico
1808:Turkey
1802:, the
1796:Brazil
1748:Serbia
1704:Greece
1700:France
1694:, the
1668:Canada
1660:Sweden
1644:Norway
1638:, the
1610:, the
1585:Sheikh
1446:Harley
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1394:, and
623:voting
565:Polity
463:Policy
442:Public
356:theory
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
10479:Lists
10463:Other
9971:Kenya
9956:Ghana
9936:Benin
9910:Yemen
9850:Tonga
9830:Syria
9815:Sudan
9805:Spain
9745:Samoa
9710:Qatar
9650:Nepal
9600:Malta
9570:Libya
9510:Japan
9500:Italy
9480:India
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8030:years
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7999:Yemen
7988:dates
7967:years
7946:dates
7925:dates
7885:dates
7859:years
7838:dates
7812:dates
7791:dates
7770:dates
7751:dates
7732:dates
7706:dates
7685:dates
7664:dates
7643:years
7633:Tonga
7622:dates
7601:dates
7575:dates
7549:dates
7528:dates
7507:dates
7481:dates
7471:Syria
7460:years
7434:years
7415:dates
7394:dates
7384:Sudan
7373:dates
7347:years
7332:Spain
7321:dates
7302:dates
7281:dates
7260:dates
7239:years
7218:dates
7192:dates
7171:dates
7150:dates
7131:years
7110:years
7089:dates
7068:dates
7047:dates
7026:dates
7016:Samoa
7005:dates
6984:dates
6963:dates
6942:dates
6921:dates
6895:years
6869:dates
6859:Qatar
6848:dates
6822:dates
6798:dates
6777:dates
6756:years
6735:dates
6714:dates
6688:years
6667:dates
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6626:dates
6607:dates
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6576:Niger
6565:dates
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6513:dates
6487:dates
6477:Nepal
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6403:years
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6319:dates
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6214:years
6204:Malta
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6110:years
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6068:dates
6047:dates
6037:Libya
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5963:years
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5879:years
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5824:Kenya
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5735:Japan
5724:years
5703:years
5688:Italy
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5587:dates
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5551:India
5540:dates
5519:dates
5493:dates
5483:Haiti
5472:dates
5451:dates
5430:dates
5409:dates
5388:years
5367:years
5346:dates
5320:dates
5301:dates
5291:Ghana
5280:dates
5254:dates
5235:dates
5214:dates
5204:Gabon
5193:years
5167:years
5141:dates
5120:years
5099:dates
5078:dates
5057:dates
5036:years
5021:Egypt
5010:dates
4989:dates
4968:dates
4947:years
4921:years
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4313:Benin
4302:years
4281:dates
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4234:dates
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4140:dates
4119:years
4098:dates
4072:dates
4062:Aruba
4051:dates
4030:dates
4009:years
3988:dates
3969:dates
3948:years
3927:years
3906:years
3880:years
3859:dates
3218:Tamil
3198:Spain
3185:Hanja
3167:Tamil
3157:Malay
3076:Nepal
3036:Malta
3023:Malay
2988:Japan
2978:Italy
2941:Hindi
2936:India
2781:国务院总理
2772:China
2611:. In
2597:Welsh
2344:Spain
2241:of a
2223:Italy
2085:than
2036:Japan
1951:Italy
1855:China
1812:Chile
1756:Italy
1712:India
1656:Spain
1632:Japan
1182:Lists
1081:Mayor
1070:Other
815:in a
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569:State
446:Civil
150:Index
92:JSTOR
78:books
10071:and
9966:Iran
9695:Peru
9665:Niue
9595:Mali
9550:Laos
9485:Iraq
9410:Fiji
9345:Cuba
9320:Chad
8976:ISBN
8930:ISBN
8906:ISBN
8876:ISBN
8843:ISBN
8827:See
8812:ISBN
8785:2009
8759:2013
8733:2016
8715:ISBN
8692:2016
8674:ISBN
8653:2016
8635:ISBN
8614:2016
8596:ISBN
8575:2016
8557:ISBN
8536:link
8522:2016
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8423:2014
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8260:news
8064:1923
8045:1964
8024:1976
8003:1990
7982:1976
7961:1644
7940:1980
7919:1924
7879:1721
7874:List
7853:1971
7832:1917
7827:List
7806:1961
7785:1975
7764:1976
7745:1924
7726:1920
7721:List
7700:1969
7679:1956
7658:2012
7637:1876
7616:1992
7595:1956
7591:Togo
7569:1932
7564:List
7543:1960
7522:1924
7501:1912
7496:List
7475:1920
7454:1876
7449:List
7428:1967
7409:1949
7388:1952
7367:1948
7362:List
7341:1705
7336:List
7315:1991
7296:1910
7275:1949
7254:1949
7233:1943
7212:1993
7207:List
7186:2010
7165:1959
7144:1954
7125:1970
7104:1805
7083:1957
7062:1953
7041:1974
7020:1875
6999:1956
6978:1960
6957:1960
6936:1960
6910:List
6889:1862
6884:List
6863:1970
6842:1834
6837:List
6816:1918
6811:List
6792:1899
6771:1857
6767:Peru
6750:1975
6729:2003
6708:1947
6703:List
6682:1814
6661:1943
6645:2015
6642:1896
6629:Sir
6620:1974
6616:Niue
6601:1960
6580:1958
6559:1855
6554:List
6533:1856
6528:List
6507:1848
6502:List
6481:1803
6460:1990
6439:1948
6418:1974
6397:1955
6376:1960
6355:1879
6334:1912
6313:1911
6292:1990
6271:1961
6250:1957
6229:1986
6208:1921
6186:1957
6182:Mali
6165:1957
6146:1963
6125:1833
6104:1959
6083:1918
6062:1921
6041:1951
6020:1965
5999:1926
5978:1918
5957:1941
5953:Laos
5936:1924
5915:1962
5894:1945
5873:1948
5868:List
5847:1948
5828:1963
5807:1920
5786:1944
5765:2005
5744:1885
5739:List
5718:1959
5697:1861
5692:List
5671:1948
5666:List
5645:1937
5624:1920
5620:Iraq
5605:1624
5600:List
5596:Iran
5581:1945
5560:1947
5555:List
5534:1904
5513:1848
5508:List
5487:1988
5466:1953
5445:1973
5424:1972
5403:2007
5382:1954
5361:1979
5340:1833
5335:List
5314:1964
5295:1957
5269:List
5248:1918
5229:1961
5208:1957
5187:1589
5182:List
5161:1917
5156:List
5135:1966
5131:Fiji
5114:1946
5093:1942
5072:1918
5051:1963
5030:1878
5025:List
5004:2002
4983:1960
4962:1977
4941:1848
4936:List
4915:1993
4910:List
4889:1983
4868:2010
4847:1940
4843:Cuba
4826:1939
4805:1957
4784:1965
4763:1960
4758:List
4737:1957
4718:1957
4697:1949
4692:List
4671:1978
4667:Chad
4650:1958
4629:1992
4608:1975
4587:1867
4582:List
4561:1960
4540:1945
4521:1961
4500:1971
4479:1879
4458:1984
4437:1967
4418:1847
4399:1965
4378:1945
4357:1952
4336:1968
4317:1957
4296:1973
4275:1831
4270:List
4249:1919
4228:1953
4223:List
4202:1971
4197:List
4176:1970
4155:1967
4134:1918
4113:1918
4092:1901
4087:List
4066:1986
4045:1918
4024:1993
4003:1981
3982:1976
3963:1975
3942:1982
3921:1962
3900:1912
3874:1927
3853:1995
3704:The
3574:The
3389:The
3104:Urdu
3028:Jawi
2595:and
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2342:and
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1790:and
1774:", "
1770:", "
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1762:", "
1754:and
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1448:and
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8243:by
8048:yes
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7788:n/a
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6316:n/a
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