76:
45:
69:
482:. Upon news of an impending Byzantine assault, the inhabitants evacuated in 963 though they returned afterward. Three years later, Sayf al-Dawla made a stand against the Byzantine emperor
486:
at
Qinnasrin, but ultimately retreated and evacuated its residents, after which the Byzantines set fire to its mosques. The inhabitants then made their abode partly in areas east of the
490:
and partly in Aleppo. Within several years, Qinnasrin was repopulated but destroyed again by the
Byzantines in 998. It was rebuilt, but once more sacked by the Byzantines in 1030.
1045:
1050:
478:
of Egypt in 945. During the second half of the 10th century, the city became a frequent conflict zone between the
Byzantines and Hamdanids during the latter stages of the
459:. They utilized the city as an important army headquarters, though until the mid-10th century there were no recorded events of significance relating to Qinnasrin.
339:. The names of several of its bishops are known, from that of 3rd-century Tranquillus to that of Probus, who lived at the end of the 6th century and whom
1055:
599:
497:
passed through in 1047 and mentioned
Qinnasrin was an impoverished village. Toward the end of the 11th century, Qinnasrin was rebuilt by the
117:
466:
rule, Qinnasrin was noted as one of northern Syria's most well-built cities, though it lost its paramountcy in Jund
Qinnasrin to nearby
232:), was a historical town in northern Syria. The town was situated 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Aleppo on the west bank of the
1060:
706:
402:
259:
to the west of the river. Others think that
Qinnasrin has always been located at al-Iss from the Hellenistic to the Ayyubid period.
1025:
379:
appeared before the city and extracted 200 pounds of gold as ransom in return for sparing the city. This prompted the
Emperor
1005:
984:
960:
819:
946:
810:
914:
925:
68:
365:. Its importance was due to its strategic location, both as a caravan stop and as part of the frontier zone (
997:
The sermons on Joseph of Balai of
Qenneshrin: rhetoric and interpretation in fifth-century Syriac literature
725:
645:
1070:
933:
688:
414:
674:
479:
1030:
1021:
531:
made it into an arms depot from which he raided the surrounding areas of Ruj, Jabal Summaq and
505:
183:
163:
738:
1065:
995:
220:
707:"Al-Hadir. Étude archéologique d'un hameau de Qinnasrin (Syrie du Nord, VIIe-XIIe siècles)"
483:
367:
8:
572:
562:
418:
384:
195:
388:
301:
277:
256:
105:
1001:
980:
956:
910:
815:
805:
422:
343:
44:
768:
463:
340:
244:
782:
974:
970:
900:
669:
332:
174:
154:
941:
929:
567:
550:
498:
452:
358:
293:
209:
201:
976:
The Great Arab
Conquests: How the Spread of Islam Changed the World We Live In
1039:
937:
494:
471:
456:
437:
132:
119:
532:
247:
to the east of the Queiq River, while
Chalcis' location was at the modern
380:
362:
336:
304:
297:
578:
436:) ordered its walls to be demolished. He or his father and predecessor
351:
50:
902:
Hellenistic Settlements in Syria, the Red Sea Basin, and North Africa
627:
508:. However, the city was destroyed by his Seljuq rival from Damascus,
487:
475:
376:
328:
324:
311:. In 92 AD, Chalcis received the title "Flavia", in honor of Emperor
225:
17:
519:). It remained as a barely populated, but strategic town during the
520:
509:
502:
372:
312:
308:
528:
524:
426:
281:
243:
Some scholars propose that the ruins of Qinnašrīn are located at
54:
649:
467:
347:
285:
273:
252:
237:
909:, Vol. 46, Los Angeles: University of California Press,
248:
233:
213:
95:
867:
865:
863:
861:
859:
857:
855:
853:
851:
849:
847:
845:
843:
448:
720:
Corpus Inscriptionum Iudaeae/Palaestinae: Volume 1, Part 1
383:
to order its fortifications rebuilt, a work undertaken by
751:
749:
747:
877:
840:
828:
744:
1046:
Populated places established in the 1st millennium BC
401:
The Sassanids occupied the city in 608/9, during the
784:
Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus
771:. Paris. March 9, 1897 – via Internet Archive.
188:
168:
1051:
Populated places disestablished in the 12th century
730:
728:
335:, but later raised to the dignity of autocephalous
318:
1037:
804:Mango, Marlia M. (1991). "Chalkis ad Belum". In
267:
315:, to be known as "Flavia of the Chalcidonese".
300:. The river—but not the city—was named for the
236:(historically, the Belus) and was connected to
646:"قنشرين (ܩܢܫܪ̈ܝܢ) كلمة سريانية تعني عش النسور"
455:, within the greater administrative region of
421:took up residence in the city thereafter. The
979:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Da Capo Press.
544:
33:
417:after a brief resistance. The Arab general
1056:Archaeological sites in Aleppo Governorate
947:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
575:, a Syrian town on a different River Belus
43:
955:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 124–125.
923:
883:
871:
413:Barely ten years later, in 636/7, it was
814:. Oxford University Press. p. 406.
581:, Neoplatonist philosopher and theurgist
969:
834:
447:) made Qinnasrin the center of its own
408:
1038:
993:
799:
797:
795:
793:
755:
280:(reigned 305-281 BC), and named after
240:with a major road during Roman times.
898:
803:
734:
787:, Paris 1740, Vol. II, coll. 785-788
178:
790:
405:, and kept it until the war's end.
158:
34:
13:
811:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
549:, 'Old Aleppo' during the
57:and Qinnasrin, then called Chalcis
14:
1082:
1015:
538:
474:was defeated at Qinnasrin by the
403:Byzantine–Sassanid War of 602–628
361:, it belonged to the province of
288:. Chalcis was distinguished from
75:
1061:Former populated places in Syria
1000:. Mohr Siebeck. pp. 52–54.
327:from an early stage, at first a
74:
67:
907:Hellenistic Culture and Society
892:
775:
761:
514:
442:
431:
371:) with the desert. In 540, the
319:Late Roman and Byzantine period
1022:Excavations at Hadir Qinnasrin
713:
699:
681:
663:
638:
620:
592:
470:. The Hamdanid emir of Aleppo
1:
689:"The Hadir Qinnasrin Project"
609:
392:
268:Hellenistic and Roman periods
614:
451:(military district), called
296:) by its river, the ancient
226:
189:
7:
556:
169:
10:
1087:
994:Phenix, Robert R. (2008).
924:Elisséeff, Nikita (1986).
262:
214:
200:'Nest of Eagles';
15:
899:Cohen, Getzel M. (2006),
693:The University of Chicago
346:sent as his envoy to the
323:The city was a Christian
276:, Chalcis was founded by
111:
101:
91:
62:
42:
31:
585:
543:The region was known as
16:Not to be confused with
598:Contra sources such as
493:The Persian geographer
1031:De Chalcis à Qinnasrin
545:
506:Sulayman ibn Qutulmish
415:conquered by the Arabs
205:
133:35.98750°N 37.04278°E
484:Nikephoros II Phokas
409:Early Islamic period
573:Seleucia near Belus
563:Balai of Qenneshrin
480:Arab–Byzantine wars
419:Khalid ibn al-Walid
385:Isidore the Younger
290:Chalcis sub Libanum
129: /
53:connecting between
28:
23:Archaeological site
1026:Oriental Institute
806:Kazhdan, Alexander
678:, Bk. 5, §81.
389:Isidore of Miletus
344:Mauritius Tiberius
278:Seleucus I Nicator
257:Aleppo Governorate
138:35.98750; 37.04278
106:Aleppo Governorate
83:Shown within Syria
26:
1071:Seleucid colonies
1007:978-3-16-149676-9
986:978-0-306-81740-3
962:978-90-04-07819-2
821:978-0-19-504652-6
223:
199:
187:
167:
148:
147:
1078:
1011:
990:
966:
919:
887:
881:
875:
869:
838:
832:
826:
825:
801:
788:
781:Michel Lequien,
779:
773:
772:
769:"Echos d'orient"
765:
759:
758:, p. 52–53.
753:
742:
732:
723:
717:
711:
710:
703:
697:
696:
685:
679:
667:
661:
660:
658:
657:
648:. Archived from
642:
636:
635:
624:
603:
596:
548:
518:
517: 1078–1092
516:
446:
444:
435:
433:
397:
394:
231:
219:
217:
216:
206:Chalcis ad Belum
194:
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144:
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47:
37:
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29:
25:
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1079:
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1036:
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1018:
1008:
987:
963:
930:Bosworth, C. E.
917:
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882:
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841:
833:
829:
822:
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780:
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687:
686:
682:
668:
664:
655:
653:
644:
643:
639:
632:www.syriaca.org
626:
625:
621:
617:
612:
607:
606:
597:
593:
588:
559:
541:
523:. In 1119, the
521:Crusader period
513:
462:By 943, during
441:
430:
411:
395:
333:Seleucia Pieria
321:
270:
265:
137:
135:
131:
128:
123:
120:
118:
116:
115:
87:
86:
85:
84:
81:
80:
79:
58:
38:
24:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1084:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1017:
1016:External links
1014:
1013:
1012:
1006:
991:
985:
967:
961:
934:van Donzel, E.
921:
915:
894:
891:
889:
888:
886:, p. 125.
884:Elisséeff 1986
876:
874:, p. 124.
872:Elisséeff 1986
839:
837:, p. 207.
827:
820:
789:
774:
760:
743:
724:
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568:Jund Qinnasrin
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555:
540:
539:Ottoman period
537:
453:Jund Qinnasrin
445: 661–680
434: 680–683
410:
407:
359:Late Antiquity
320:
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294:Anjar, Lebanon
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971:Kennedy, Hugh
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916:9780520931022
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786:
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764:
757:
756:Phenix (2008)
752:
750:
748:
740:
736:
731:
729:
721:
716:
708:
702:
694:
690:
684:
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652:on 2017-09-07
651:
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561:
560:
554:
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547:
536:
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530:
526:
522:
511:
507:
504:
500:
496:
495:Nasir Khusraw
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
472:Sayf al-Dawla
469:
465:
460:
458:
457:Islamic Syria
454:
450:
439:
428:
424:
420:
416:
406:
404:
399:
390:
387:(a nephew of
386:
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272:According to
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90:
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56:
52:
46:
41:
30:
19:
1066:Razed cities
996:
975:
952:
945:
906:
901:
893:Bibliography
879:
835:Kennedy 2007
830:
809:
783:
777:
763:
735:Cohen (2006)
719:
715:
701:
692:
683:
673:
665:
654:. Retrieved
650:the original
640:
631:
628:"Qenneshrin"
622:
594:
542:
492:
461:
412:
400:
366:
356:
322:
289:
271:
242:
227:
150:
149:
49:The ancient
942:Pellat, Ch.
926:"Kinnasrīn"
381:Justinian I
363:Syria Prima
337:archdiocese
302:Semitic god
251:village of
136: /
112:Coordinates
1040:Categories
737:, p.
675:Nat. Hist.
656:2017-02-27
610:References
579:Iamblichus
546:Eski Haleb
476:Ikhshidids
438:Mu'awiya I
396: 550
352:Chosroes I
121:35°59′15″N
51:Roman road
951:Volume V:
938:Lewis, B.
615:Citations
501:ruler of
488:Euphrates
377:Khosrau I
329:suffragan
325:bishopric
245:al-Hadher
221:translit.
190:Qennešrin
184:romanized
170:Qinnašrīn
164:romanized
151:Qinnašrīn
124:37°2′34″E
27:Qinnasrin
18:Qenneshre
973:(2007).
953:Khe–Mahi
944:(eds.).
722:, p. 449
557:See also
510:Tutush I
503:Anatolia
464:Hamdanid
373:Sassanid
313:Domitian
292:(modern
92:Location
808:(ed.).
709:. 2012.
551:Ottoman
529:Ilghazi
525:Artuqid
427:Yazid I
425:caliph
423:Umayyad
348:Persian
341:Emperor
282:Chalcis
263:History
228:Khalkìs
198:
186::
166::
55:Antioch
1004:
983:
959:
940:&
913:
818:
600:Phenix
499:Seljuq
468:Aleppo
286:Euboea
274:Appian
253:Al-Iss
249:Syrian
238:Aleppo
224:
215:Χαλκὶς
179:ܩܢܫܪܝܢ
175:Syriac
159:قنشرين
155:Arabic
102:Region
35:قنسرين
928:. In
670:Pliny
586:Notes
553:era.
533:Harim
527:emir
391:) in
375:shah
368:limes
350:king
309:Baʿal
298:Belus
234:Queiq
210:Greek
202:Latin
96:Syria
1002:ISBN
981:ISBN
957:ISBN
911:ISBN
816:ISBN
449:jund
196:lit.
739:145
357:In
331:of
307:or
305:Bel
284:in
1042::
1024:,
949:.
936:;
932:;
905:,
842:^
792:^
746:^
727:^
691:.
672:,
630:.
535:.
515:r.
443:r.
432:r.
398:.
393:c.
354:.
255:,
218:,
212::
208:;
204::
193:,
181:,
177::
173:;
161:,
157::
1010:.
989:.
965:.
920:.
824:.
741:.
695:.
659:.
634:.
602:.
512:(
440:(
429:(
153:(
20:.
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