699:’s version of the Mission and its objective. He mentioned : “…His Imperial Majesty the Kaiser himself granted me an audience. Subsequently, having set right the problem of India and Asia with the Imperial German Government, and having received the necessary credentials, I started towards the East. I had interviews with the Khedive of Egypt and with the Princes and Ministers of Turkey, as well as with the renowned Enver Pasha and His Imperial Majesty the Holy Khalif, Sultan-ul-Muazzim. I settled the problem of India and the East with the Imperial Ottoman Government, and received the necessary credentials from them as well. German and Turkish officers and Maulvi Barakatullah Sahib were went with me to help me; they are still with me.” Under pressure from the British, the Afghan Government withdrew its help. The Mission was closed down.
65:
49:
520:
1173:
684:, and the offers and liaisons of the German mission at the time had profound impact on the political and social situation in the country, starting a process of political change that ended with the assassination of Habibullah in 1919 and the transfer of power to Nasrullah and subsequently Amanullah and precipitating the
446:
after 1915) sent an Indo-German-Turkish mission to the Indo-Iranian border to encourage the tribes to strike against
British interests. The Berlin committee was also at this time in touch with the Khairi brothers (Abdul Jabbar Khairi and Abdul Sattar Khairi), who had at the onset of the war, settled
357:. The provisional government found significant support from the internal administration of the Afghan government, although the Emir refused to declare open support, and ultimately, under British pressure it was forced to withdraw from Afghanistan in 1919.
726:(chaired by Sydney Rowlatt, an English judge) was instituted in 1918 which evaluated the links between Germany, the Berlin Committee, Pratap's enterprise (termed German agents in Afghanistan) and the militant movement in India, especially in
1572:
622:
Although hopes of the Amir's support were more or less non-existent, the
Provisional Government of India was formed in early 1916 to emphasise the seriousness of intention and purpose. The government had
582:
Although the Amir refused to commit for or against the proposals at the time, it found support amongst the Amir's immediate and close political and religious advisory group, including his brother
680:
before meeting the Kaiser in Berlin, urging both to mobilise against
British India. Under pressure from the British, Afghan cooperation was withdrawn and the mission closed down. However, the
278:
745:
In
Afghanistan itself, the mission was the catalyst to a rapid radical and progressive political process and reform movement that is culminated in the assassinations of the Emir
555:
and other prominent nationalists from the Berlin group. The mission, along with bringing members of the Indian movement right to India's border, also brought messages from the
64:
475:) had proceeded to Kabul in October 1915 with plans to initiate a Muslim insurrection in the tribal belt of India. For this purpose, Ubaid Allah was to propose that the
711:
itself was the key spurring political progression in India. Especially, the presence of Pratap's enterprise in
Afghanistan, next to India, and the perceived threats of
487:. Ubaid Allah, in the meantime, was able to establish friendly relations with Amir. At Kabul, Ubaid Allah, along with some students who had preceded him to make way to
734:. The committee did not find any evidence of Bolshevik involvement, but concluded that the German link was definite. On the recommendations of the committee, the
1426:
1736:
3045:
438:, as well as the Indian revolutionary underground and Pan-Islamists from India attempted to further the Indian cause with German finance and aid. The
1092:
715:
together with the overtures of Pratap's provisional government seeking
Bolshevik help were judged significant threats to stability in British India.
635:
3035:
1986:
1119:
575:
expressing support for Pratap's mission and inviting the Amir to move against India The mission's immediate aim was to rally the Amir against
3050:
774:
658:
460:
672:
in Russia in 1917, Pratap's
Government is known to have corresponded with the nascent Soviet Government. In 1918, Mahendra Pratap had met
3020:
480:
3030:
2244:
1729:
602:
took
Barkatullah as an officiating editor in early 1916. In a series of articles, Tarzi published a number of inflammatory articles by
3065:
3182:
3070:
2048:
19:
This article is about the organisation formed during World War I in Kabul. For the
Japanese puppet state during World War II, see
3090:
2249:
2188:
614:
to intercept the copies. A further effort resulted in the establishment in 1916 of the
Provisional Government of India in Kabul.
3040:
2993:
3172:
2295:
1722:
1085:
933:
Seidt, Hans-Ulrich (2001), "From Palestine to the Caucasus-Oskar Niedermayer and Germany's Middle Eastern Strategy in 1918",
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1610:
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354:
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594:, religious leaders and tribesmen. It also found support in one of Afghanistan's then most influential newspaper, the
3015:
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1632:
1555:
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1063:
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in 1917 initiated the first rounds of political reform in the Indian subcontinent, a "Sedition Committee" called the
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48:
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in Kabul, 1915 with the German and Turkish delegates. Seated to his right is Werner Otto von Hentig.
2972:
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2484:
2183:
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1883:
1841:
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2399:
2379:
2214:
2123:
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1836:
1826:
1816:
326:
153:
501:" against Britain, decided that the pan-Islamic cause was to be best served by focussing on the
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2002:
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1326:
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1251:
1155:
1125:
775:"3 surprising facts about Jat King at the centre of AMU row : India, News - India Today"
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articles and propaganda. By May 1916 the tone in the paper was deemed serious enough for the
536:
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2857:
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2747:
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2018:
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81:
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They attempted to establish relations with foreign powers.” (Ker, p305). In Kabul, the
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1192:
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639:
568:
318:
122:
924:
Ansari, K.H. (1986), "Pan-Islam and the Making of the Early Indian Muslim Socialist",
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2429:
2424:
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1801:
1580:
1464:
1406:
1331:
1214:
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1219:
1209:
1041:
965:, vol. 7, no. 2, London, Taylor & Francis Ltd, pp. 118–122,
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1627:
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1520:
1474:
1271:
1130:
985:
Hughes, Thomas L (Oct 2002), "The German Mission to Afghanistan, 1915–1916",
978:
707:
It has been suggested by a number of historians that the threat posed by the
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245:
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55:
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232:
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2254:
2033:
1781:
1605:
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1359:
1135:
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while Mahmud al Hasan sought German and Turkish help. Hasan proceeded to
427:
270:
186:
69:
928:, vol. 20, no. 3, Cambridge University Press, pp. 509–537
2932:
2707:
2657:
2572:
2224:
2108:
1943:
1621:
1006:
954:
961:
Sims-Williams, Ursula (1980), "The Afghan Newspaper Siraj al-Akhbar",
2912:
2807:
2767:
2742:
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2339:
2329:
2229:
1642:
1379:
1187:
91:
20:
998:
946:
2274:
1918:
1400:
1145:
1027:
Tinker, Hugh (Oct 1968), "India in the First World War and after",
464:
448:
342:
330:
240:
579:
and to obtain from the Afghan Government a right of free passage.
531:
Ubaid Allah's group was met by the Indo-German-Turkish mission to
72:
claimed by the Provisional Government of India shown in dark green
2434:
1172:
673:
564:
431:
109:
360:
1958:
1600:
742:, was enforced in response to the threat in Punjab and Bengal.
731:
646:
556:
452:
654:
547:, the German diplomatic representative to Kabul, as well as,
532:
497:
484:
262:
102:
1035:(4, 1918-19: From War to Peace), Sage Publications: 89–107,
643:
606:, as well as publishing increasingly anti-British and pro-
642:
as Foreign Minister. It attempted to obtain support from
617:
313:
delegates, the provisional government was composed of
963:
Bulletin (British Society for Middle Eastern Studies
463:
against British interests. Another group led by the
941:(1 (Feb 2001)), German Studies Association: 1–18,
846:
844:
842:
840:
888:
886:
873:
871:
3159:
1744:
837:
883:
868:
634:, Ubaid al Sindhi as the Ministers for India,
1730:
1086:
960:
850:
361:Provisional Government to Indian independence
277:. Its purpose was to enrol support from the
265:(Afghan capital) on December 1, 1915 by the
1100:
2245:Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
1737:
1723:
1093:
1079:
993:(3), German Studies Association: 447–476,
903:
901:
63:
1040:
518:
898:
631:as Prime Minister and Sibnath Banerjee
523:Mahedra Pratap, centre, at the head of
508:
297:. Established at the conclusion of the
3160:
1026:
984:
923:
907:
892:
877:
810:
798:
1718:
1074:
932:
862:
695:in its issue of 4 May 1916 published
370:
23:. For the body created in 1946, see
753:that subsequently precipitated the
618:Formation of Provisional Government
13:
451:and later in 1917 proposed to the
14:
3194:
688:that led to Afghan Independence.
657:. Support was also obtained from
1939:Muslim nationalism in South Asia
1455:Intelligence Bureau for the East
1171:
388:Provisional Government of India
47:
2179:Provisional Government of India
1551:Provisional Government of India
1029:Journal of Contemporary History
467:Maulana Ubaid Allah Sindhi and
255:Provisional Government of India
34:Provisional Government of India
16:Provisional government-in-exile
856:
816:
804:
792:
767:
749:in 1919 and his succession by
1:
1591:Indian Political Intelligence
1556:Hindu–German Conspiracy Trial
1445:Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
1062:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1018:: CS1 maint: date and year (
760:
543:, it included in its members
515:Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition
444:Indian Independence Committee
415:
267:Indian Independence Committee
3173:Indian independence movement
2788:Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari
2064:Chauri Chaura incident, 1922
1746:Indian independence movement
1679:Ingress into India Ordinance
1531:Lahore Conspiracy Case trial
1417:Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari
1116:Indian independence movement
503:Indian independence movement
461:North-West Frontier Province
408:Mohamed Barakatullah Bhopali
364:
7:
3183:Afghanistan–India relations
2978:Virendranath Chattopadhyaya
2365:Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty
301:composed of members of the
295:Indian nationalist movement
25:Interim Government of India
10:
3199:
2713:Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi
2265:Indian Independence League
1982:Partition of Bengal (1947)
1977:Partition of Bengal (1905)
1042:10.1177/002200946800300407
720:Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms
512:
419:
18:
3104:
3003:
2888:Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi
2688:Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi
2508:
2385:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
2305:
2260:Indian Home Rule movement
2202:
2099:Fourteen Points of Jinnah
2039:Jallianwala Bagh massacre
1967:
1904:
1752:
1694:Jallianwala Bagh massacre
1674:Defence of India Act 1915
1661:
1571:
1500:
1437:
1352:
1287:
1180:
1169:
1108:
971:10.1080/13530198008705294
740:Defence of India Act 1915
702:
535:in December 1915. Led by
455:a plan to lead tribes in
430:, Indian nationalists in
387:
382:
379:
376:
367:
239:
228:
224:
214:
204:
200:
182:
178:
166:
162:
152:
148:
136:
132:
120:
108:
98:
87:
77:
62:
44:
39:
32:
3127:Indian annexation of Goa
2973:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
2485:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
2250:Indian National Congress
2049:Non-cooperation movement
1390:Amarendranath Chatterjee
917:
539:and nominally headed by
3178:Hindu–German Conspiracy
3168:Provisional governments
3132:Indian Independence Act
2718:Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
2693:Jatindra Mohan Sengupta
2663:Dukkipati Nageswara Rao
2400:Kandukuri Veeresalingam
2380:Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai
2215:All-India Muslim League
2169:Royal Air Force strikes
2134:Round table conferences
2124:Chittagong armoury raid
2014:Hindu–German Conspiracy
1997:Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy
1767:Porto Grande de Bengala
1102:Hindu–German Conspiracy
709:Hindu–German Conspiracy
2918:Syama Prasad Mukherjee
2823:Purushottam Das Tandon
2189:Praja Mandala movement
2003:The Indian Sociologist
1541:Silk Letter Conspiracy
755:Third Anglo-Afghan War
738:, an extension of the
686:Third Anglo-Afghan War
545:Werner Otto von Hentig
528:
422:Indo-German Conspiracy
273:with support from the
216:• Disestablished
3142:Political integration
2883:Shyamji Krishna Varma
2668:Gopal Krishna Gokhale
2613:Bhupendra Kumar Datta
2445:Rettamalai Srinivasan
2405:Mahadev Govind Ranade
2210:All India Kisan Sabha
2174:Coup d'Ă©tat of Yanaon
2074:Qissa Khwani massacre
2059:Coolie-Begar movement
1874:Second Anglo-Sikh War
1327:Abhinash Bhattacharya
1126:Shyamji Krishna Varma
987:German Studies Review
935:German Studies Review
826:. Darul Uloom Deoband
824:"Arbab-e-Ihtemam. p2"
779:indiatoday.intoday.in
537:Oskar von Niedermayer
522:
479:declares war against
2968:Veeran Sundaralingam
2923:Tara Rani Srivastava
2858:Sahajanand Saraswati
2748:Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi
2633:Chandra Shekhar Azad
2538:Alluri Sitarama Raju
2495:Vitthal Ramji Shinde
2450:Sahajanand Saraswati
2370:Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
2270:Indian National Army
2114:Dharasana Satyagraha
2019:Champaran Satyagraha
1869:First Anglo-Sikh War
1573:Counter-intelligence
926:Modern Asian Studies
697:Raja Mahendra Pratap
638:as War Minister and
625:Raja Mahendra Pratap
604:Raja Mahendra Pratap
553:Chempakaraman Pillai
541:Raja Mahendra Pratap
509:The Mission to Kabul
2953:V. K. Krishna Menon
2898:Subhas Chandra Bose
2783:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
2778:Mohammad Ali Jauhar
2673:Govind Ballabh Pant
2653:Dayananda Saraswati
2578:Bal Gangadhar Tilak
2375:Gopal Hari Deshmukh
2355:Dhondo Keshav Karve
2350:Dayananda Saraswati
2345:Bal Gangadhar Tilak
2320:A. Vaidyanatha Iyer
1833:Anglo-Maratha Wars
1648:W. Somerset Maugham
1322:Bhupendranath Datta
1198:Pandurang Khankhoje
670:February Revolution
477:Amir of Afghanistan
473:Darul Uloom Deoband
351:Champakraman Pillai
323:Maulana Barkatullah
259:government-in-exile
206:• Established
173:Maulana Barkatullah
82:Government in exile
3137:Partition of India
2983:Yashwantrao Holkar
2948:V. O. Chidamabaram
2903:Subramania Bharati
2833:Rahul Sankrityayan
2818:Pritilata Waddedar
2728:Shri Krishna Singh
2628:C. Rajagopalachari
2618:Bidhan Chandra Roy
2603:Bhavabhushan Mitra
2588:Begum Hazrat Mahal
2543:Annapurna Maharana
2415:Muthulakshmi Reddy
2360:G. Subramania Iyer
2054:Christmas Day Plot
1929:Indian nationalism
1879:Sannyasi rebellion
1777:East India Company
1669:Lawrence of Arabia
1653:East Persia Cordon
1536:Christmas Day Plot
1375:Bhavabhushan Mitra
851:Sims-Williams 1980
781:. 28 November 2014
640:Champakaran Pillai
563:and the displaced
529:
471:(principle of the
442:(which became the
345:Maulavi Bashir as
3155:
3154:
3122:Republic of India
2958:Vallabhbhai Patel
2943:Ubaidullah Sindhi
2843:Ram Prasad Bismil
2738:M. Bhaktavatsalam
2698:Jatindra Nath Das
2623:Bipin Chandra Pal
2558:Babu Kunwar Singh
2528:Achyut Patwardhan
2285:Khudai Khidmatgar
2129:Gandhi–Irwin Pact
2069:Kakori conspiracy
2029:Rowlatt Committee
1992:Direct Action Day
1954:Swadeshi movement
1934:Khilafat Movement
1924:Hindu nationalism
1884:Rebellion of 1857
1807:Anglo-Mysore Wars
1797:Battle of Plassey
1712:
1711:
1689:Rowlatt Committee
1460:Max von Oppenheim
1412:Ubaidullah Sindhi
1395:Atulkrishna Ghosh
1230:Baba Gurdit Singh
1151:Alipore Bomb Case
724:Rowlatt Committee
665:against Britain.
413:
412:
335:Ubaidullah Sindhi
251:
250:
168:• 1915–1919
138:• 1915–1919
3190:
3147:Simla Conference
2938:Tiruppur Kumaran
2908:Subramaniya Siva
2863:Sangolli Rayanna
2853:Rash Behari Bose
2793:Nagnath Naikwadi
2703:Jawaharlal Nehru
2648:Dadabhai Naoroji
2643:Chittaranjan Das
2533:A. K. Fazlul Huq
2455:Savitribai Phule
2280:Khaksar movement
2235:Berlin Committee
2220:Anushilan Samiti
2184:Independence Day
2144:Aundh Experiment
2119:Vedaranyam March
2024:Kheda Satyagraha
2009:Singapore Mutiny
1792:Portuguese India
1739:
1732:
1725:
1716:
1715:
1526:Singapore mutiny
1422:Sufi Amba Prasad
1337:Herambalal Gupta
1312:M. P. T. Acharya
1289:Berlin Committee
1204:Hindustan Ghadar
1175:
1156:Delhi Conspiracy
1141:Anushilan Samiti
1095:
1088:
1081:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1061:
1053:
1044:
1023:
1017:
1009:
981:
957:
929:
911:
905:
896:
890:
881:
875:
866:
860:
854:
848:
835:
834:
832:
831:
820:
814:
808:
802:
796:
790:
789:
787:
786:
771:
678:Saint Petersburg
651:Republican China
588:Inayatullah Khan
440:Berlin Committee
365:
355:Foreign Minister
303:Berlin Committee
125:
99:Capital-in-exile
67:
51:
30:
29:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3112:Cabinet Mission
3100:
3004:British leaders
2999:
2988:Yogendra Shukla
2893:Siraj ud-Daulah
2848:Rani Lakshmibai
2838:Rajendra Prasad
2828:R. Venkataraman
2773:Mithuben Petit‎
2753:Mahadaji Shinde
2733:Lala Lajpat Rai
2568:Bahadur Shah II
2553:Ashfaqulla Khan
2523:Accamma Cherian
2518:Abul Kalam Azad
2510:
2504:
2475:Syed Ahmad Khan
2465:Sister Nivedita
2430:Pandita Ramabai
2425:Niralamba Swami
2390:J. B. Kripalani
2315:Ashfaqulla Khan
2307:
2301:
2240:Ghadar Movement
2198:
2079:Flag Satyagraha
1987:Revolutionaries
1969:
1963:
1906:
1900:
1802:Battle of Buxar
1748:
1743:
1713:
1708:
1657:
1633:William Wiseman
1581:W. C. Hopkinson
1567:
1496:
1433:
1407:Mahmud al-Hasan
1348:
1332:Mahendra Pratap
1283:
1215:Ghadar Movement
1176:
1167:
1104:
1099:
1055:
1054:
1011:
1010:
999:10.2307/1432596
947:10.2307/1433153
920:
915:
914:
906:
899:
891:
884:
876:
869:
861:
857:
849:
838:
829:
827:
822:
821:
817:
809:
805:
797:
793:
784:
782:
773:
772:
768:
763:
747:Habibullah Khan
705:
693:Siraj-ul-Akhbar
620:
598:, whose editor
596:Siraj al-Akhbar
517:
511:
469:Mahmud al Hasan
424:
418:
397:Mahendra Pratap
383:Prime Minister
363:
347:Minister of War
315:Mahendra Pratap
261:established in
217:
210:1 December 1915
207:
195:Interwar Period
169:
143:Mahendra Pratap
139:
121:
73:
58:
53:
52:
35:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3196:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3007:
3005:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2928:Tarak Nath Das
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2878:Shuja-ud-Daula
2875:
2870:
2868:Sarojini Naidu
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2813:Prafulla Chaki
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2758:Mahatma Gandhi
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2514:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2480:Vakkom Moulavi
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2410:Mahatma Gandhi
2407:
2402:
2397:
2395:Jyotirao Phule
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2335:B. R. Ambedkar
2332:
2327:
2325:Ayya Vaikundar
2322:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2154:Cripps Mission
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2044:Noakhali riots
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1973:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1910:
1908:
1907:and ideologies
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1891:
1889:Radcliffe Line
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1864:Vellore Mutiny
1861:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1758:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1742:
1741:
1734:
1727:
1719:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1704:TĹŤyama Mitsuru
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1684:Sidney Rowlatt
1681:
1676:
1671:
1665:
1663:
1662:Related topics
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1638:Charles Tegart
1635:
1630:
1625:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1586:John Wallinger
1583:
1577:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1565:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1510:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1470:von Bernstorff
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1441:
1439:
1438:German figures
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1356:
1354:
1353:Indian figures
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1293:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1247:Bhai Parmanand
1244:
1239:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1210:Ghadar di gunj
1207:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1098:
1097:
1090:
1083:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1024:
982:
958:
930:
919:
916:
913:
912:
897:
882:
867:
855:
836:
815:
803:
791:
765:
764:
762:
759:
751:Amanullah Khan
704:
701:
668:Following the
661:, proclaiming
636:Maulavi Bashir
627:as President,
619:
616:
592:Amanullah Khan
584:Nasrullah Khan
510:
507:
420:Main article:
417:
414:
411:
410:
405:
402:
399:
394:
390:
389:
385:
384:
381:
378:
375:
373:(birth–death)
369:
362:
359:
327:Prime Minister
275:Central Powers
249:
248:
243:
237:
236:
230:
226:
225:
222:
221:
218:
215:
212:
211:
208:
205:
202:
201:
198:
197:
184:
183:Historical era
180:
179:
176:
175:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
159:
156:
154:Prime Minister
150:
149:
146:
145:
140:
137:
134:
133:
130:
129:
126:
118:
117:
112:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
89:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
68:
60:
59:
54:
46:
45:
42:
41:
37:
36:
33:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3195:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2873:Satyapal Dang
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2798:Nana Fadnavis
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:Mangal Pandey
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2723:Khudiram Bose
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2638:Chetram Jatav
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2608:Bhikaiji Cama
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2598:Bharathidasan
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2583:Basawon Singh
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2507:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2470:Sri Aurobindo
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2440:Ram Mohan Roy
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2420:Narayana Guru
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:Organisations
2201:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2164:Bombay Mutiny
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2149:Indian Legion
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2089:1928 Protests
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2034:Rowlatt Bills
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1740:
1735:
1733:
1728:
1726:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1628:Vincent Kraft
1626:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1611:Robert Nathan
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1596:Basil Thomson
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1546:Kabul Mission
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1521:February plot
1519:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1475:George Rodiek
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1370:Sachin Sanyal
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1272:Agnes Smedley
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1262:Vishnu Pingle
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1242:Bhagwan Singh
1240:
1238:
1237:
1236:Komagata Maru
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1174:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1131:Bhikaiji Cama
1129:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1096:
1091:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1065:
1059:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1015:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
983:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
959:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
931:
927:
922:
921:
909:
904:
902:
895:, p. 474
894:
889:
887:
880:, p. 516
879:
874:
872:
865:, p. 1,3
864:
859:
853:, p. 120
852:
847:
845:
843:
841:
825:
819:
813:, p. 515
812:
807:
801:, p. 514
800:
795:
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2963:Vanchinathan
2593:Bhagat Singh
2548:Annie Besant
2509:Independence
2490:Vinoba Bhave
2294:
2290:Swaraj Party
2194:Lucknow Pact
2178:
2104:Purna Swaraj
2094:Nehru Report
2001:
1905:Philosophies
1893:
1859:Polygar Wars
1787:French India
1772:Dutch Bengal
1762:Colonisation
1699:Pan-Asianism
1620:
1616:Kirpal Singh
1561:
1550:
1514:
1508:Annie Larsen
1490:
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1385:Pritam Singh
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1307:A. R. Pillai
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491:to join the
443:
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380:Left office
377:Took office
372:
254:
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233:Afghan rupee
220:January 1919
190:
3061:Mountbatten
2683:Hemu Kalani
2563:Bagha Jatin
2500:Vivekananda
2255:India House
2139:Act of 1935
1914:Ambedkarism
1782:British Raj
1606:Vernon Kell
1485:Niedermayer
1365:Rash Behari
1360:Bagha Jatin
1317:Barkatullah
1252:Ram Chandra
1193:Sohan Singh
1136:India House
908:Tinker 1968
893:Hughes 2002
878:Ansari 1986
811:Ansari 1986
799:Ansari 1986
736:Rowlatt Act
659:Galib Pasha
629:Barkatullah
586:, his sons
573:Abbas Hilmi
561:Enver Pasha
549:Barkatullah
525:the Mission
428:World War I
281:as well as
279:Afghan Emir
271:World War I
187:World War I
3162:Categories
3091:Linlithgow
3031:Chelmsford
3021:Cornwallis
2933:Tatya Tope
2803:Nana Saheb
2708:K. Kamaraj
2658:Dhan Singh
2573:Bakht Khan
2225:Arya Samaj
2159:Quit India
2109:Salt March
1968:Events and
1944:Satyagraha
1501:Conspiracy
1450:Zimmermann
1267:Kanshi Ram
1225:Guran Ditt
1220:Tarak Nath
1109:Background
863:Seidt 2001
830:2007-11-13
785:2015-10-29
761:References
718:While the
513:See also:
416:Background
235:(de facto)
110:Demonym(s)
3066:Wellesley
3051:Dalhousie
2913:Surya Sen
2808:P. Kakkan
2768:Mir Qasim
2743:M. N. Roy
2678:Har Dayal
2511:activists
2340:Baba Amte
2330:Ayyankali
2308:reformers
2230:Azad Hind
1970:movements
1949:Socialism
1643:Guy Gaunt
1380:M. N. Roy
1051:150456443
979:0305-6139
319:President
123:President
94:(claimed)
92:New Delhi
70:Territory
40:1915–1919
21:Azad Hind
3096:Hastings
3056:Bentinck
2275:Jugantar
1919:Gandhism
1515:Maverick
1401:Deobandi
1188:Hardayal
1146:Jugantar
1120:militant
1058:citation
1014:citation
465:Deobandi
449:Istanbul
343:Deobandi
333:Maulavi
331:Deobandi
293:for the
229:Currency
3016:Canning
2435:Periyar
2084:Bardoli
1852:Gwalior
1754:History
1302:Champak
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955:1433153
682:mission
674:Trotsky
644:Tsarist
608:Central
565:Khedive
481:Britain
457:Kashmir
432:Germany
426:During
311:Turkish
269:during
88:Capital
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3081:Outram
3071:Lytton
3036:Curzon
3011:Wavell
2306:Social
1959:Swaraj
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1827:Fourth
1817:Second
1601:MI5(g)
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1297:Chatto
1181:Ghadar
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728:Punjab
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