Prague offensive - Knowledge

169: 1383: 495: 439: 347: 336: 325: 190: 429: 142: 2744: 154: 1477: 313: 296: 279: 268: 257: 129: 513: 457: 391: 227: 2195:, the 1st Ukrainian Front counted 71 rifle divisions and three cavalry divisions, as well as nine tank and mechanized corps. The bulk of 1st Ukrainian Front's forces were massed north of Dresden for a direct advance on Prague and included the 3rd and 4th Guards Tank Armies. The primary opponent of this thrust would be the 4th Panzer Army. To the east, five combined-arms armies and the Polish 2nd Army made up the left (eastern) wing of the front, the advance of which would pressure mainly the German 17th Army. Facing the main 1st Ukrainian Front advance were the 1826: 2491:, was escorted through the American lines to see Schörner. Meyer-Detring told Schörner that the formal capitulation of Germany meant that any withdrawal as a large formation by troops of Army Group Centre was out of the question, and that the German troops should attempt to make their way west and surrender to U.S. forces. Schörner was skeptical that such was possible. On his return Meyer-Detring reported that Schörner had ordered his operational command to observe the surrender but could not guarantee he would be obeyed everywhere. 2715:

operation for the international efforts of Soviet, Polish, Czech, and Romanian soldiers on behalf of "the freedom of the Czechoslovakian People". No mention is made, however, of Stalin's political intentions regarding Czechoslovakia. The final push to Prague during the night of 8–9 May 1945 is presented as having been necessary to relieve struggling Czech insurgents in Prague while the authors could not resist accusing former officers of the prewar Czech Army of abandoning the barricades during combat with the Germans in Prague.

7771: 522: 466: 358: 202: 2608: 2516: 1815: 1562: 531: 475: 402: 238: 52: 2366:. Facing Konev's thrust were troops of the German 4th Panzer Army. The attack opened with a reconnaissance-in-force in the morning, followed by a brief but powerful artillery barrage. 13th, 3rd Guards, and both tank armies (as well as two other tank corps) attacked southward in the afternoon, with the 13th Army and the 4th Guards Tank Army pushing forward some 23 kilometers. By evening, 5th Guards Army had joined the attack with the objective of capturing Dresden. 2256: 306: 289: 2051: 504: 448: 380: 369: 214: 1971: 1951: 1853: 2247:) in which the units of Army Group Centre would attempt a fighting withdrawal to the west where they would be in a position to surrender to U.S. forces versus those of the Soviet Union. Schörner envisioned withdrawal phase lines (given the names of flowers) and intended for the 4th Panzer Army to hold off the 1st Ukrainian Front long enough for the other field armies of the army group to fall back to the west. 1911: 1871: 1891: 1931: 1833: 2031: 2011: 1991: 2507:

SS units, however, continued their attacks against the Czech insurgents in Prague. The 1st KONR Division, its relations with the ČNR broken down and realizing no quarter could be expected from Soviet forces, joined the SS and other German troops in a wary alliance of convenience and started moving west. The KONR 2nd Division had already contacted the Americans and started the march west.

2428:. The 13th Army and the 4th Guards Tank Army pushed 45 kilometers further to the south and reached the northern slope of the Ore Mountains. The 3rd Guards Tank Army and 5th Guards Army began the battle to capture Dresden. The 2nd Polish Army thrust to the southwest in support of the operations against Dresden. Farther to the east, the second attack of the front developed as the 2228:(both of the 3rd Army). VIII Corps numbered one armored and three infantry divisions while V Corps was made up of one armored division and two infantry divisions. An additional infantry division under control of 3rd Army Headquarters was also in V Corps' sector, and a second armored division would be subordinated to V Corps before 2506:

The Czech National Council (ČNR), lacking significant supplies to support the uprising, fearing large-scale destruction of Prague, and in the wake of the overall German surrender, came to an agreement with the Germans in which the German troops were to leave Prague under conditions of ceasefire. Some

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was received. Without a functioning army group headquarters and leaderless, the component armies of Army Group Centre had been left to their own devices. Schörner's plans for an orderly withdrawal notwithstanding, the bulk of Army Group Centre's troops were destined to be captured by the Soviet Army.

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By the evening of 8 May, Dresden fell to 3rd Guards Tank Army and the 5th Guards Army. On the same day, the 4th Ukrainian Front pushed the Germans out of Olomouc. The Soviets broadcast a demand that the remaining German forces in the field were to lay down their arms by 23:00 hours that day. No reply

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Pushing forward another 40 kilometers, the main thrust of the 1st Ukrainian Front broke through German resistance in the Ore Mountains and approached to within 70-80 kilometers of Prague. The advance of the 4th Guards Tank Army came upon the headquarters of Army Group Centre, capturing or killing the

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moved into Prague and engaged in combat with their erstwhile German allies. By 7 May, the 1st Division had occupied the airport and the radio station. The Czech National Council however denounced the ROA. The Soviet government labelled all ROA soldiers as traitors, and their members were sentenced to

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VIII Corps was subordinated to 1st Army until 6 May 1945. Anticipating a combat role for 1st Army Headquarters in the Pacific Theater of Operations, the 1st Army relinquished control of its subordinate commands in the first week of May 1945. These commands were in turn subordinated to the 9th Army.

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That the offensive was a military event involving serious combat is made clear by the over 50,000 casualties suffered by the Soviet forces and their allies from 6 to 11 May 1945. Published in 2008, Volume 10/1 of the German official history of the war criticizes the Soviet view of the event, noting

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The terrain over which the Soviets had to advance was varied, but in the main mountainous and forested. The routes of march of the 1st and 4th Ukrainian Fronts were perpendicular to the orientation of the ridges while the 2nd Ukrainian Front was able to move along a less arduous route in regions of

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With Soviet units in Prague and pushing further west and south into Bohemia, the Soviet military objectives of the offensive had been met. The bulk of German troops in Army Group Centre were taken prisoner by the Soviets in the two days following the liberation of Prague, while elements of the 1st

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also proposed the same offer. However, Marshal Konev – while he appreciated the good will of the American commander – refused the offer because Bradley's proposal violated the negotiated borderline between Soviet and Anglo-American forces; therefore, Konev had no authority to accept it. Konev also

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Confronting primarily the 1st Panzer Army, the 4th Ukrainian Front commanded 34 rifle divisions and one tank corps. 4th Ukrainian Front faced the obstacles of Olomouc, a small city, and multiple hill ranges which cut across the projected line of advance. Unlike 2nd Ukrainian Front, the 4th lacked

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Western Czechoslovakia was split by a military frontier of superpowers, on one side of which was the Soviet Army and on the other side of which was the U.S. Army. Although both armies would depart Czechoslovakia by the end of 1945, Stalin had achieved his goal of ensuring a strong Soviet military

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Fearing their treatment at the hands of the locals or Soviet Army troops, remnant formations of Army Group Centre continued their resistance until 10/11 May, and in the cases of some small units, later into May 1945. The left flank of the 2nd Ukrainian Front met with troops of the U.S. Third Army

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and, besides calling on Czechs to join the uprising, also broadcast on 5 May an appeal in Russian and English for air support to hold off German armored units. These developments prompted Stalin to hasten the start of the Soviet offensive and it was ordered to commence one day earlier, on 6 May.

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Krivosheev, pp. 158-159, presents force totals and daily casualty figures that confirm the assertion of the German official history. As an example, during the Berlin Operation 1st Ukrainian Front on average suffered the loss of 84.6 men per divisional equivalent per day, while the corresponding

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discusses the offensive in some detail while including mention of Stalin's intentions, the Prague uprising, and role of the Russian Liberation Army. Erickson wrote the work to present a balanced view of Soviet politics and military operations during the war, and so his description of actions by

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During the night of 8/9 May, armored units of the 3rd and 4th Guards Tank Armies pushed south some 80 kilometers, entering Prague at daybreak. The armored vanguards were shortly followed by elements of the 13th Army and 3rd Guards Army. With the help of the Czech population, Prague was freed of

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The orders from Stalin on 1 May to the three fronts called for the offensive to commence on 7 May. On 4 May, Marshal Konev provided detailed orders to his army commanders for three thrusts by the 1st Ukrainian Front. A main thrust would occur on the right (western) wing with three combined-arms

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Reserve) artillery divisions on the other. In May 1945, the 1st Ukrainian Front counted six artillery divisions and one rocket launcher division (as well as one Polish artillery division), the 4th Ukrainian Front had two artillery divisions, and the 2nd Ukrainian Front commanded four artillery

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Volume 10 of the Soviet official history of the Second World War treats the Prague Offensive as a primarily military event, identifying the major military formations involved, their axes of advance, and in some cases, their daily rate of advance. Unsurprisingly, the Soviet history praises the

2232:. XII Corps commanded two armored divisions and two infantry divisions. Exerting some pressure on German 7th Army, these corps of the U.S. Army did not advance on Prague although their presence in western Bohemia stimulated Czech resistance to the German occupation, indirectly influencing the 2301:

At that point, events external to formal military planning erupted. By 5 May, the lead units of the U.S. V Corps had reached Plzen, with word of the American advance reaching the residents of Prague and playing a part in the decision of the city's Czech citizens to rise up against the German

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the percentage of casualties of the Prague Offensive to be far lower than that of the Berlin Offensive. The German official history makes note of Stalin's political intentions and his desire to prevent Army Group Centre from surrendering to U.S. forces. Despite titling the relevant section

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The number of German prisoners taken by the Soviet Union reached almost 900,000 and other Axis soldiers, numbering at least in the tens of thousands, surrendered to U.S. forces in western Czechoslovakia and Austria, although numbers of these were later turned over to the Soviet Union.

1758:(KONR) arrived in the vicinity of Prague. The KONR 1st Division encamped north of the city while the KONR 2nd Division took up positions south of the city. Ostensibly allied with the Germans, the allegiance of the KONR forces would prove to vary depending on the situation they faced. 3183:

While there are a variety of sources discussing the fates of some of the individual German units, there does not appear to be a single comprehensive work presenting the combat actions and capitulations of the German units in Army Groups Centre and Ostmark during the period 6–11 May

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civilians, and ethnic Czech collaborators fleeing Prague were surprised by the advancing Soviets and were completely routed. The Czech partisans resumed hostilities against the fleeing German troops regardless of their intentions or nationality, in what the veterans of the

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reinforced the attack on its left (southern) wing. By the end of the day, the front had pushed 12 kilometers into the German lines along an advance 25 kilometers in breadth. Between the 2nd and 1st Ukrainian Fronts, the 4th Ukrainian Front continued its advance on Olomouc.

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was deployed, including a salient that jutted eastward around Olomouc. 1st Panzer Army was outsized with six Panzer or motorized divisions in addition to 19 others organized into five corps; five divisions were directly under control of the army headquarters.

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Communist influence in the postwar Czechoslovak Army and government mounted. Czech soldiers who had fought with the Western Allies found themselves increasingly on the sidelines, and the country itself was forced to become a Soviet satellite state in 1948 by

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German troops around 10:00 hours. The Red Army casualties were only ten men killed, in what was described as their "easiest victory" of the war. In any event, German troops in and around Prague were anxious to flee to the west, although Soviet columns, Czech

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The Prague Offensive destroyed Army Group Centre and parts of Army Group Ostmark. These army groups were the last large intact military formations of Germany, and following the offensive, all surviving German soldiers became prisoners of war or fugitives.

2095:) had been pushed east by operations of the U.S. Sixth Army Group and had become a subordinate command of Army Group Centre. 7th Army was deployed roughly along a north–south axis in western Czechoslovakia. Besides one Panzer division and one 2134:. The 17th counted 11 divisions, including one Panzer and one motorized division. These were organized into three corps and deployed in an arc that began about 40 kilometers SW of Breslau and which led to the southeast in the vicinity of 2325:

On the morning of May 9, the first Soviet tanks arrived in Prague, the first tanks of the 1st Czechoslovak Tank Brigade arrived in the city on May 10. By May 11, the troops were clearing the area of hidden remaining German troops.

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Losses in men of both army groups taken prisoner by the Soviets amounted to some 860,000 men. The Soviets claimed to have captured 9,500 guns and mortars, 1,800 armored vehicles, and 1,100 aircraft in the course of the operation.

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saw Prague as a particularly important prize, the capture of which could significantly influence the political makeup of postwar Czechoslovakia. On 1 May 1945, before Berlin was subdued, Stalin issued orders directing the

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The Nazi regime considered Czechoslovakia and neighboring areas as their last bastion in the event that Berlin fell. Therefore, in 1945 they concentrated many powerful military units in the region, including elements of

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By the beginning of May 1945, Germany had been decisively defeated by the coalition of the Western Allies and the Soviet Union. Germany's capital, Berlin, was on the verge of capitulation in the face of a massive Soviet

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OKW had last heard from Schörner on 2 May when he reported his intention to fight his way west and surrender his army group to the Americans. On 8 May Colonel Wilhelm Meyer-Detring, a German liaison officer from

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also received orders on 2 May to drive on Prague from the southeast. Stalin was determined to have the Soviet Army present in force in western Czechoslovakia when the German troops there finally surrendered.

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Czechoslovakia was free of the German occupation regime for the first time since late 1938. The country's prewar borders, however, would not be completely restored as the Soviets engineered the cession of

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defended along a front running slightly southeast. 4th Panzer Army had five Panzer or mechanized divisions, as well as 13 other divisions or battle groups. Furthermore, 4th Panzer Army had just won the

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to advance on Prague from the area north of Dresden and Bautzen. The other significant military terrain obstacle was urban areas, the two largest of which to surmount were Dresden and Prague itself.

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the German official history only briefly mentions the situation of the army group in May 1945 and instead discusses other topics. The actual surrender of Army Group Centre is not discussed at all.

3298: 1751:. The situation in Prague was unstable. Frank knew that several Soviet Army fronts were advancing towards Prague. More immediately, he was faced with a city population ready to be liberated. 2282:

to Prague, and a final thrust by the Polish 2nd Army was to cut off the southeastern approaches to Dresden. Dresden itself was to be taken by the 5th Guards Army as part of the main thrust.

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There are unofficial histories that touch upon the offensive, or more generally, on the end of the war in Czechoslovakia. Somewhere between the official German and Soviet views,

2381:. On 6 May, 4th Ukrainian Front attacked to the west, intent upon capturing the city of Olomouc. Defending against the Soviet attack in front of Olomouc was the 1st Panzer Army. 1730:

Combined Armies. Jodl had ordered the local Nazi regime to prepare numerous fortified buildings which could serve as offices for the new Nazi government and German High Command.

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direct and major road connections from Olomouc to Prague, a factor almost guaranteed to slow its rate of advance. Soviet allied forces with 4th Ukrainian Front included the

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figure for the same formation during the Prague Offensive was 45.3. Soviet losses may have declined following the announcement of German surrender on 8/9 May 1945.

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Under the laws of war at that time there was a distinction between those captured and those who " into the power" of the enemy after a mass capitulation. The

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Like many institutions in Nazi Germany the control of the Army was split between different chains of command that reported directly to Hitler. In 1945 the

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led an attack to the northwest, opening the offensive of the 2nd Ukrainian Front. Adding to the difficulties of the defending German 8th Army, the Soviet

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that a U.S. advance to Prague was now feasible, General Eisenhower was informed that such was not desired by the Soviets. During the meeting with Marshal

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was deployed on a front leading to the southwest into Austria where its right flank met up with the 6th SS Panzer Army in the area north and west of

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With Soviet and U.S. forces pressing in from all sides, Army Group Centre's deployment resembled a horseshoe straddling the historical regions of

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In the late hours of the day (after midnight), units from 4th and 2nd Ukrainian Fronts also reached Prague, including the armored brigade of the

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only covered those who were captured during the fighting not those who fell into the power of an enemy following a mass capitulation (See

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The uprising in Prague came into immediate conflict with the German occupation forces. Fighting in desperate circumstances, the Czechs

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Hiio, Toomas; Kaasik, Peeter (2006), "Estonian units in the Waffen-SS", in Hiio, Toomas; Maripuu, Meelis; Paavle, Indrek (eds.),

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However, in southeastern Germany, parts of Austria and Czechoslovakia, there were still large bodies of active German troops of

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announced over the radio in Prague that he would drown any uprising in a "sea of blood". Frank was also a general of the

1326: 1217: 980: 690: 594: 2698:, the State President of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, was arrested in Prague. He was brutally beaten by the 2646: 7857: 7817: 7586: 7455: 7333: 6911: 6626: 6577: 6335: 5890: 5142: 4981: 4829: 4683: 4011: 2208: 1311: 1275: 950: 4077: 7702: 6584: 6556: 6373: 5955: 5674: 5641: 4504: 4496: 4488: 4379: 4361: 4343: 4325: 4261: 4094: 4059: 3993: 2471: 955: 845: 746: 4857: 2270:

armies, two tank armies (3rd and 4th Guards Tank Armies) and five artillery divisions, following the valleys of the

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The city of Prague was ultimately liberated by the USSR during the Prague offensive. All of the German troops of

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combined-arms armies. This group of five armies was Konev's main attack and pushed south from the area around

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The main axes of late-war Soviet offensives were marked on the one hand by tank armies and by the presence of

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and 2nd Ukrainian Fronts pushed west to the Chemnitz-Karlovy Vary-Plzen demarcation line with U.S. forces.

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Adding to the confusion in Prague but providing useful assistance to the Czechs, the 1st Division of the

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Wilhelm Meyer-Detring, 1906-2002, later became a lieutenant-general and commander of the I Corps in the

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S. M. Shtemenko. The Soviet General Staff in War. Volume II. Progress Publisher, Moskva, 1985, p. 510.

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Realizing that the Soviets would attack Army Group Centre following the surrender of Berlin, on 5 May

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Positions of armies on 6 May 1945; Soviet forces in red, German in gray, and United States in green

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Order of Battle of the United States Army, World War II, European Theater of Operations: Divisions

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attacked into western Czechoslovakia against the defenses of the German 7th Army. Elements of the

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The last shots were fired close to the Slivice settlement, 4 kilometers southeast of the town of

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lower elevation that led to Prague. In particular, the 1st Ukrainian Front had to cross the

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division, 7th Army had only four other "divisions", two of which were named battle groups (

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The White Book: Losses inflicted on the Estonian nation by occupation regimes. 1940–1991

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in Prague: Honorary burial site of Soviet soldiers fallen during the battle of the city.

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headquarters personnel, but not Schörner, who, deserting his command, made his way to

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Rivers. A secondary thrust by the 28th and 52nd Armies was to advance on an axis from

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presence in Prague at the time of the surrender of German forces in Czechoslovakia.

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promised that the USSR alone would destroy local German forces as soon as possible.

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Czech losses do not include those of the Prague uprising or of partisan formations.

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Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity

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PRAŽSKÉ POVSTÁNÍ 5.–9. KVĚTNA 1945. Boj o Staroměstské náměstí a o radniční budovy

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Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS 1939-1945 (Volume 14)

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Continuing the main attack of the 1st Ukrainian Front, 3rd Guards Army captured

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Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS 1939-1945 (Volume 4)

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Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS 1939-1945 (Volume 3)

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Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS 1939-1945 (Volume 2)

2673: 2607: 2580: 2515: 2463:, one of the centers of uprising, but later were pushed back. The buildings of 2397: 2096: 1603:'Prague strategic offensive') was the last major military operation of 1202: 817: 648: 83: 3908: 3154: 3150:. So it was not clear if Schörner was under the command of OKW on 8 May or if 2342:

Konev's 1st Ukrainian Front opened the Prague Offensive with an attack by the

7806: 7476: 5401: 5250: 5089: 2572:. With these unit movements, the Prague Offensive concluded three days after 2196: 2191:

From the region north of Dresden and Görlitz over a large arc to the area of

1803: 1766: 1734: 1682: 1561: 300: 2695: 2611:

To honor the participants of the operation, the Soviet Union instituted the

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On the Edge of the Cold War: American Diplomats and Spies in Postwar Prague

4043: 4020:

Estonian State Commission on Examination of Policies of Repression (2005),

2596: 2565: 2564:. Later, 1st and 2nd Ukrainian Fronts met with Americans in the regions of 2294: 2092: 1778:

in the Berlin area so that the latter could regroup to the south along the

1628: 1604: 768: 195: 134: 43: 3568:Константин Васильевич Крайнюков. Оружие особого рода. М.: Воениздат. 1978. 3328:Типпельскирх К. История Второй мировой войны. СПб.:Полигон; М.:АСТ,1999. ( 2496: 1814: 7414: 7400: 7062: 5738: 5559: 5544: 4898: 2676:, the former Czechoslovak politician and the leader of the Nazi Party of 2369:

Ending a separate 1st Ukrainian Front operation, 40,000 German troops in

1779: 1702:

Ukrainian Fronts while only accepting an armistice on the Western Front.

1685: 119: 6769: 6522: 6501: 5394: 4727: 4655: 4458: 3835:

Estonian State Commission on Examination of Policies of Repression 2005

3124: 2944: 2589: 2405: 2290: 2255: 329: 3095:

4th and 11th Armored Divisions, and 26th and 90th Infantry Divisions (

2110:

To the northeast of Prague and just north of Dresden and Bautzen, the

7032: 6437: 6234: 6045: 5843: 5798: 2164:

Facing part of the German 1st Panzer and 8th Armies in the region of

1748: 1237: 784: 5319: 2799:

Soviet Casualties and Combat Losses in the Twentieth Century, p. 159

2683:

On 12 May, SS-Gruppenfuhüer und Generalleutnant der Waffen-SS Count

2180:

Armies, totaling 12 infantry divisions and three cavalry divisions.

5303: 5031: 3007:

6th Armored Division, and 76th, 87th, and 89th Infantry Divisions (

489:

Some 860,000 captured; remainder killed, missing in action, or fled

2561: 3330:

Tippelskirch K., Geschichte des Zweiten Weltkrieges. — Bonn, 1954

2666: 2569: 2421: 2370: 2334:

The Soviet offensive commenced on 6 May and concluded on 11 May.

2259:

Demarcation line between the Soviet and American armies, May 1945

2192: 2142: 2135: 2084: 2080: 4109:, Paris, France: Office of the Theater Historian, archived from 3527: 3525: 3299:"Lest we forget, the Czechs became a free nation on May 8, 1945" 540: 5913: 4511: 3644: 3147: 2279: 2275: 2229: 2158: 79: 4181:

Emanuel Moravec the face of Czech collaboration with the Nazis

4031:, Estonian Encyclopedia Publishers, p. 35, archived from 6101: 4392:, Berlin: Militärverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik 3840: 3522: 2475: 2363: 1147: 4216:

Soviet Casualties and Combat Losses in the Twentieth Century

3264: 2588:

who had laid their weapons down in May 1945 recalled as the

2519:

Marshal Konev hailed as the Soviets enter Prague, 9 May 1945

3864: 3380: 3262: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3244: 2791: 2699: 2271: 2165: 3951: 3949: 3934: 3818: 3816: 3758: 3756: 3728: 3726: 3671: 3669: 3500: 3498: 3496: 3494: 3481: 3479: 3397: 3395: 3036:

1st and 2nd Infantry Divisions, and 9th Armored Division (

4234:

Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg (Volume 10/1)

3791: 3789: 3787: 3785: 3783: 3713: 3711: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3628: 3626: 3624: 3622: 3620: 3618: 3616: 3614: 2657:

Even before the start of the Soviet offensive, on 5 May,

2172:. Soviet allied forces with 2nd Ukrainian Front were the 4390:

Geschichte des zweiten Weltkrieges 1939-1945 (Volume 10)

3852: 3698: 3696: 3589: 3587: 3510: 3241: 2652: 2619: 1611:

from 6 May to 11 May 1945. Fought concurrently with the

27:

1945 Red Army invasion of German-occupied Czechoslovakia

3946: 3813: 3753: 3743: 3741: 3723: 3666: 3599: 3572: 3549: 3537: 3491: 3476: 3392: 3368: 3281: 3279: 3277: 2586:

20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian)

7853:

Military history of Czechoslovakia during World War II

5173:

Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany

3780: 3708: 3681: 3649: 3611: 3217: 3164:

needed to order Schörner, to surrender his army group.

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Prazhskaya strategicheskaya nastupatel'naya operatsiya

3961: 3876: 3768: 3693: 3584: 3419: 2216:

Facing the German 7th Army to the west were the U.S.

2199:, as well as the urban areas of Dresden and Bautzen. 1591: 4050:

When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler

3738: 3455: 3431: 3407: 3274: 3229: 3207: 3205: 2691:, died of suicide after he signed the capitulation. 4443:

Stalingrad to Berlin: The German Defeat in the East

3888: 3801: 3443: 2754: 2680:, died of suicide in American captivity on 10 May. 4047: 3354:Projev K. H. Franka k českému národu (30. 4. 1945) 2795:Losses: Soviet and Soviet Allied, Prague Offensive 2709: 1670:and the great bulk of Germany had been conquered. 4297: 3531: 3202: 7804: 4054:, Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 7838:Battles and operations of the Soviet–German War 2130:To 4th Panzer Army's right (eastern) flank was 1582:Пражская стратегическая наступательная операция 4273:The History of the Czech Republic and Slovakia 3986:The Czechs and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown 3473:Боевой состав Советской Армии на 1 мая 1945 г. 3321: 2661:died of suicide. Moravec, known as the "Czech 4527: 4445:, Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office 4275:, Santa Barbara: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2539:to the east, northeast, and south of Prague. 2439:Following a 30-minute artillery barrage, the 1133: 556: 2213:divisions and one rocket launcher division. 1643: 2030: 2010: 1990: 1607:in Europe. The offensive was fought on the 4534: 4520: 4288: 4213: 4141:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4123: 3906: 3858: 3846: 3516: 3268: 2735:German forces is correspondingly limited. 2672:SS-Obergruppenführer und Reichstatthalter 2153:In southern Moravia, Army Group Ostmark's 1852: 1151:Romanian military actions in World War II 1140: 1126: 563: 549: 150: 7823:Battles of World War II involving Hungary 7813:Battles of World War II involving Romania 4434:Battle for Berlin: end of the Third Reich 4405: 4177: 4102: 3967: 3882: 3127:, retiring from military service in 1966. 3096: 3079: 3062: 3037: 3008: 1615:, the offensive significantly helped the 210: 125: 4396: 4231: 4084: 4001: 3955: 3870: 3822: 3762: 3732: 3675: 3605: 3578: 3555: 3543: 3504: 3485: 3401: 3386: 3374: 3223: 2742: 2702:and transferred to the hospital wing of 2606: 2514: 2254: 2188:of four infantry and one tank brigades. 1813: 1560: 4387: 4270: 4195: 4149: 3940: 3894: 3795: 3717: 3687: 3660: 3632: 1910: 1870: 1754:At the same time, two divisions of the 14: 7805: 6381: 6359:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union 4440: 4431: 4369: 4351: 4333: 4315: 4153:The assassination of Reinhard Heydrich 4103:Greenwald, Robert J. (December 1945), 4072:[Czech uprising in May 1945], 4067: 4042: 3988:, Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 3774: 3702: 3593: 3461: 3449: 3437: 3425: 3413: 3285: 3235: 3211: 2980:). This was explicitly changed in the 2665:," was infamous among the Czechs as a 7843:Czechoslovakia–Soviet Union relations 7230:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign 6662:Japanese invasion of French Indochina 6308:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union 6264:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union 5369:Rape during the occupation of Germany 4515: 4457: 4249: 4089:, Bonn: Bernard & Graefe Verlag, 4006:, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 3983: 3807: 3747: 2653:Immediate deaths of prominent figures 2620:Military and political considerations 2459:In Prague, German troops reached the 2141:From here the front ran southeast to 1472: 1378: 1121: 544: 6352:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union 5384:Rape during the liberation of France 2613:Medal "For the Liberation of Prague" 1818:Rolling terrain of the Ore Mountains 1617:liberation of Czechoslovakia in 1945 318:Carl Friedrich von Pückler-Burghauss 4150:Jaggers, R.C. (22 September 1993), 3907:Williamson, David G. (2018-01-29), 2204:Reserve of the Supreme High Command 1661:Political and military developments 24: 6578:German invasion of the Netherlands 4858:Weather events during World War II 4451: 4397:Williams, Mary (Compiler) (1989), 4126:Estonia 1940–1945: Reports of the 2250: 1276:Western Allied Campaign in Romania 25: 7869: 7209:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan 4178:Johnstone, Chris (10 June 2009), 2777:373 tanks and self-propelled guns 2706:, where he died on 27 June 1945. 2307:gained control of a radio station 1890: 1333:As part of the Allies (1944–1945) 570: 7769: 4541: 4481:The Soviet Military Encyclopedia 4293:, Prague: U.S. Embassy in Prague 3138:German Armed Forces High Command 2755:Soviet and Soviet allied nations 2687:, commander of Waffen-SS in the 2049: 2029: 2009: 1989: 1970: 1969: 1950: 1949: 1930: 1929: 1909: 1889: 1869: 1851: 1832: 1831: 1824: 1475: 1381: 1164:Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina 639:Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina 529: 520: 511: 502: 493: 473: 464: 455: 446: 437: 427: 400: 389: 378: 367: 356: 345: 334: 323: 311: 304: 294: 287: 277: 266: 255: 236: 225: 212: 200: 188: 167: 152: 140: 127: 50: 4301:Der Spiegel - Der laute Kamerad 4298:Der Spiegel staff (July 1955), 3915:, Routledge, pp. 134–146, 3900: 3638: 3561: 3467: 3345: 3336: 3177: 3167: 3130: 3117: 3089: 3072: 3055: 3030: 3001: 2987: 2710:Historiography of the offensive 1797:Geography of the Czech Republic 1180:As part of the Axis (1941–1944) 7456:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945 5166:Territorial changes of Germany 5074:Indonesian National Revolution 4471:Советская военная энциклопедия 4070:"České povstání v květnu 1945" 4046:& House, Jonathan (1995), 3291: 2966: 2957: 2472:surrender of all German forces 2436:Armies attacked to the south. 2050: 13: 1: 6856:Japanese invasion of Thailand 6807:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 6571:German invasion of Luxembourg 4952:Mediterranean and Middle East 4465:, Moscow: Progress Publishers 3191: 2940:End of World War II in Europe 2721:The End of Army Group Centre, 1809: 1733:From 30 April to 1 May 1945, 1655: 100:End of World War II in Europe 6763:Invasion of the Soviet Union 6452:Occupation of Czechoslovakia 5770:Independent State of Croatia 4475:Soviet Military Encyclopedia 4414:Yeltsin Presidential Library 4374:, Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, 4356:, Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, 4338:, Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, 4320:, Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, 4214:Krivosheev, Grigori (1997), 3357:, www.fronta.cz, 14 May 2009 3196: 2602: 2542: 2424:, home of the famous German 7: 7747:End of World War II in Asia 7587:Western invasion of Germany 7094:Chinese famine of 1942–1943 7071:Second Battle of El Alamein 6641:Hundred Regiments Offensive 6613:Battle of the Mediterranean 6466:Italian invasion of Albania 4640:Air warfare of World War II 4409:The end of Prague Offensive 4218:, London: Greenhill Books, 4131:, Tallinn, pp. 927–968 4068:Frajdl, Jiří (8 May 2007), 2915: 2322:detention in prison camps. 1621:one of the last engagements 1592: 1481:German forces (May 6, 1945) 1387:Soviet forces (May 6, 1945) 10: 7874: 7673:Naval bombardment of Japan 7041:First Battle of El Alamein 6960:Battle of Christmas Island 6905:Japanese invasion of Burma 6669:Italian invasion of Greece 6585:German invasion of Belgium 6557:German invasion of Denmark 6530:1939–1940 Winter Offensive 6399:Second Italo-Ethiopian War 4663:Comparative military ranks 4232:Lakowski, Richard (2008), 4076:(in Czech), archived from 3976: 2797:Source: G. F. Krivosheev, 2637:to the USSR in July 1945. 2470:On 7 May, Jodl signed the 2373:surrendered to the Soviet 2350:Guard Tank Armies and the 2262: 1794: 1790: 1691:Oberkommando der Wehrmacht 1633:unconditional capitulation 7858:May 1945 events in Europe 7818:Battles involving Hungary 7762: 7594:Bratislava–Brno offensive 7534: 7525:Dutch famine of 1944–1945 7262: 7149:Allied invasion of Sicily 7103: 7009:Aleutian Islands campaign 6981:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign 6928: 6919:Greek famine of 1941–1944 6814:Second Battle of Changsha 6719:German invasion of Greece 6687: 6564:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang 6539: 6477: 6372: 6253: 5979: 5889: 5737: 5440: 5431: 5189: 5014: 4906:North and Central Pacific 4867: 4629: 4622: 4549: 4388:Ustinov, Dmitriy (1982), 4289:Mendelsohn, Rona (2010), 4271:Mahoney, William (2011), 4198:The End: Germany, 1944-45 2906: 2890: 2874: 2860: 2846: 2832: 2818: 2794: 2738: 2329: 1782:and drive on Prague. The 1761:On the Allied side, both 1581: 1486: 1392: 1159: 580: 483: 412: 248: 111: 60: 49: 37: 32: 7186:Allied invasion of Italy 7163:Solomon Islands campaign 6912:Third Battle of Changsha 6509:First Battle of Changsha 6415:Second Sino-Japanese War 5355:German military brothels 5221:United States war crimes 4477:), vol. 6 (In Russian). 4441:Ziemke, Earl F. (2002), 4432:Ziemke, Earl F. (1969), 4085:Gosztony, Peter (1991), 3061:97th Infantry Division ( 2998:(1989), pp. 530 and 533. 2950: 2891:Czechoslovak Army Corps 2510: 2481: 2415: 2337: 1743:) and General of Police 1566:Battle of the Dukla Pass 1461:• 1st Czechoslovak Corps 7608:Second Guangxi campaign 7463:Philippines (1944–1945) 6967:Battle of the Coral Sea 6870:Fall of the Philippines 6516:Battle of South Guangxi 6422:Battles of Khalkhin Gol 5828:Italian Social Republic 4002:Erickson, John (1983), 3909:"The German opposition" 3143:Oberkommando des Heeres 3078:16th Armored Division ( 2982:Third Geneva Convention 2766:40,501 wounded and sick 2533:Czechoslovak Army Corps 2396:captured Plzen while a 2377:after a two-month-long 2315:Russian Liberation Army 2186:Czechoslovak Army Corps 1756:Russian Liberation Army 243:Russian Liberation Army 56:Map of Prague offensive 7848:Prague in World War II 7833:1945 in Czechoslovakia 7193:Armistice of Cassibile 6995:Battle of Dutch Harbor 6946:Battle of the Java Sea 6849:Attack on Pearl Harbor 6749:Syria–Lebanon campaign 6742:Battle of South Shanxi 6712:Invasion of Yugoslavia 6495:Battle of the Atlantic 6109:Korean Liberation Army 5822:(until September 1943) 5779:(until September 1944) 5757:(until September 1944) 4436:, New York: Ballantine 4401:, Washington D.C.: GPO 4370:Tessin, Georg (1980), 4352:Tessin, Georg (1976), 4334:Tessin, Georg (1974), 4316:Tessin, Georg (1973), 4074:kcprymarov.estranky.cz 3847:Hiio & Kaasik 2006 3532:Der Spiegel staff 1955 3112:90th Infantry Division 3109:26th Infantry Division 3067:97th Infantry Division 3025:89th Infantry Division 3021:87th Infantry Division 3017:76th Infantry Division 2974:1929 Geneva Convention 2780:1,006 artillery pieces 2751: 2616: 2520: 2384:In the west, the U.S. 2285:Suggesting to General 2260: 2241:Field Marshal Schörner 2119:, damaging the Soviet 1819: 1644: 1625:World War II in Europe 1569: 1431:• 6th Guards Tank Army 1409:• 4th Guards Tank Army 1407:• 3rd Guards Tank Army 249:Commanders and leaders 7357:Second Battle of Guam 7253:Bengal famine of 1943 7223:Second Battle of Kiev 7179:Battle of the Dnieper 6884:Battle of Wake Island 6756:East African campaign 6698:Battle of South Henan 6343:atrocities by Germans 6116:Korean Volunteer Army 5097:Occupation of Germany 4851:Music in World War II 4200:, Penguin Books Ltd, 4196:Kershaw, Ian (2011), 3105:11th Armored Division 3084:16th Armored Division 3046:2nd Infantry Division 3042:1st Infantry Division 2978:Disarmed Enemy Forces 2814:Average daily losses 2746: 2610: 2574:Victory in Europe Day 2518: 2394:16th Armored Division 2258: 1817: 1772:1st Belorussian Front 1737:Senior Group Leader ( 1564: 484:Casualties and losses 7643:Surrender of Germany 7121:Battle of West Hubei 7078:Guadalcanal campaign 7048:Battle of Stalingrad 6974:Battle of Madagascar 5748:Albania protectorate 5535:(formerly Swaziland) 5244:Wehrmacht war crimes 5060:Expulsion of Germans 4844:Art and World War II 4742:British contribution 4691:Governments in exile 4420:on 24 September 2015 4399:Chronology 1941-1945 4250:Lukes, Igor (2012). 4166:on February 13, 2008 4087:Stalins Fremde Heere 3984:Agnew, Hugh (2004), 3101:4th Armored Division 3050:9th Armored Division 3013:6th Armored Division 2847:4th Ukrainian Front 2833:2nd Ukrainian Front 2819:1st Ukrainian Front 2808:Strength 6 May 1945 2763:11,997 irrecoverable 2556:) in the regions of 2445:6th Guards Tank Army 2402:4th Armored Division 2170:6th Guards Tank Army 2071:class=notpageimage| 1688:, Chief of Staff of 1677:and the remnants of 1627:and continued after 1619:. The offensive was 284:Friedrich Altrichter 7733:Potsdam Declaration 7622:Italy (Spring 1945) 7385:Liberation of Paris 6842:Siege of Sevastopol 5860:(until August 1944) 5763:Wang Jingwei regime 5585:from September 1943 5545:from September 1944 5483:from September 1944 5343:Romanian war crimes 5334:Persecution of Jews 5320:Croatian war crimes 5290:Japanese war crimes 5104:Occupation of Japan 5053:First Indochina War 4765:Military production 4677:Declarations of war 3943:, pp. 416–426. 3873:, pp. 229–230. 3849:, pp. 927–968. 3389:, pp. 625–630. 3309:on October 11, 2020 2635:Carpathian Ruthenia 2319:General Bunyachenko 2220:(of the 9th Army), 2087:. To the west, the 2040:2nd Ukrainian Front 2020:4th Ukrainian Front 2000:1st Ukrainian Front 1784:2nd Ukrainian Front 1776:1st Ukrainian Front 1718:Panzer Armies, and 1541:• XXIV Panzer Corps 1517:• LVII Panzer Corps 1448:4th Ukrainian Front 1445:• 4th Romanian Army 1443:• 1st Romanian Army 1426:2nd Ukrainian Front 1398:1st Ukrainian Front 846:Ostrogozhsk–Rossosh 747:Barvenkovo–Lozovaya 422:Army Group Ostmark: 7726:Surrender of Japan 7559:Battle of Iwo Jima 7408:Belgrade offensive 6821:Siege of Leningrad 6705:Battle of Shanggao 6634:British Somaliland 6599:Dunkirk evacuation 6550:Norwegian campaign 6488:Invasion of Poland 6315:Japanese prisoners 5283:Italian war crimes 5214:British war crimes 5129:Soviet occupations 4913:South-West Pacific 4800:Allied cooperation 4758:Military equipment 4406:YPL staff (2012), 4004:The Road to Berlin 2752: 2732:The Road to Berlin 2617: 2521: 2293:on 5 May, General 2261: 2091:(formerly part of 1861:6th SS Panzer Army 1820: 1745:Karl Hermann Frank 1708:6th SS Panzer Army 1679:Army Group Ostmark 1650:Army Group Ostmark 1645:Heeresgruppe Mitte 1570: 1327:2nd Jassy–Kishinev 1312:1st Jassy–Kishinev 1302:Dnieper–Carpathian 1041:Western Carpathian 981:2nd Jassy–Kishinev 951:1st Jassy–Kishinev 936:Leningrad–Novgorod 931:Dnieper–Carpathian 418:Army Group Centre: 407:Sergei Bunyachenko 396:Karol Świerczewski 385:Nicolae Dăscălescu 262:Ferdinand Schörner 7800: 7799: 7758: 7757: 7601:Battle of Okinawa 7500:Burma (1944–1945) 7334:Mariana and Palau 7114:Tunisian campaign 6939:Fall of Singapore 6863:Fall of Hong Kong 6606:Battle of Britain 6459:Operation Himmler 6368: 6367: 6032:Dutch East Indies 5675:Southern Rhodesia 5427: 5426: 5327:Genocide of Serbs 5230:German war crimes 5207:Soviet war crimes 5200:Allied war crimes 5046:Division of Korea 5025:Chinese Civil War 4823:Strategic bombing 4735:Manhattan Project 4282:978-0-313-36305-4 4243:978-3-421-06237-6 4207:978-0-713-99716-3 4080:on 2 October 2009 3922:978-1-315-12115-4 3303:Praguemonitor.com 2904: 2903: 2685:Pückler-Burghauss 2579:German soldiers, 2117:Battle of Bautzen 2063: 2043: 2023: 2003: 1983: 1963: 1943: 1923: 1903: 1883: 1863: 1845: 1763:Winston Churchill 1740:Obergruppenführer 1681:. On 2 May 1945, 1675:Army Group Centre 1640:Army Group Centre 1602: 1590: 1558: 1557: 1466: 1465: 1453:• 1st Guards Army 1435:• 9th Guards Army 1433:• 7th Guards Army 1423:• Polish 2nd Army 1405:• 5th Guards Army 1403:• 3rd Guards Army 1372: 1371: 1115: 1114: 539: 538: 352:Andrey Yeryomenko 341:Rodion Malinovsky 107: 106: 16:(Redirected from 7865: 7828:Prague offensive 7793: 7786: 7779: 7776:World portal 7774: 7773: 7749: 7742: 7735: 7728: 7719: 7712: 7705: 7696: 7689: 7682: 7675: 7668: 7661: 7652: 7645: 7638: 7636:Prague offensive 7631: 7629:Battle of Berlin 7624: 7617: 7610: 7603: 7596: 7589: 7582: 7575: 7573:Vienna offensive 7568: 7561: 7554: 7552:Battle of Manila 7547: 7527: 7518: 7509: 7502: 7493: 7486: 7479: 7472: 7465: 7458: 7451: 7442: 7433: 7426: 7417: 7410: 7403: 7396: 7387: 7380: 7373: 7366: 7359: 7352: 7345: 7336: 7329: 7320: 7311: 7302: 7295: 7293:Korsun–Cherkassy 7288: 7277: 7255: 7246: 7239: 7232: 7225: 7218: 7211: 7204: 7195: 7188: 7181: 7174: 7165: 7158: 7151: 7144: 7137: 7135:Bombing of Gorky 7130: 7123: 7116: 7096: 7089: 7080: 7073: 7066: 7057: 7050: 7043: 7036: 7025: 7018: 7011: 7004: 7002:Battle of Midway 6997: 6990: 6988:Battle of Gazala 6983: 6976: 6969: 6962: 6955: 6948: 6941: 6921: 6914: 6907: 6900: 6898:Battle of Borneo 6893: 6891:Malayan campaign 6886: 6879: 6872: 6865: 6858: 6851: 6844: 6837: 6835:Bombing of Gorky 6830: 6828:Battle of Moscow 6823: 6816: 6809: 6802: 6795: 6788: 6772: 6765: 6758: 6751: 6744: 6737: 6728: 6721: 6714: 6707: 6700: 6680: 6671: 6664: 6657: 6650: 6643: 6636: 6629: 6622: 6615: 6608: 6601: 6594: 6592:Battle of France 6587: 6580: 6573: 6566: 6559: 6552: 6532: 6525: 6518: 6511: 6504: 6497: 6490: 6468: 6461: 6454: 6447: 6445:Munich Agreement 6440: 6433: 6424: 6417: 6410: 6401: 6394: 6379: 6378: 6361: 6354: 6345: 6338: 6331: 6330:Soviet prisoners 6324: 6317: 6310: 6301: 6294: 6285: 6278: 6271: 6270:German prisoners 6266: 6246: 6237: 6230: 6223: 6218: 6211: 6204: 6197: 6190: 6183: 6176: 6169: 6162: 6155: 6148: 6141: 6134: 6127: 6118: 6111: 6104: 6097: 6090: 6083: 6076: 6069: 6062: 6055: 6048: 6041: 6034: 6027: 6020: 6013: 6006: 5999: 5992: 5972: 5965: 5958: 5951: 5944: 5937: 5930: 5923: 5916: 5909: 5902: 5882: 5875: 5868: 5861: 5853: 5846: 5839: 5830: 5823: 5815: 5808: 5806:French Indochina 5801: 5794: 5787: 5780: 5772: 5765: 5758: 5750: 5730: 5721: 5714: 5705: 5698: 5691: 5684: 5677: 5670: 5663: 5656: 5653:from August 1944 5644: 5637: 5630: 5623: 5616: 5609: 5602: 5595: 5588: 5576: 5569: 5562: 5555: 5548: 5536: 5528: 5521: 5514: 5507: 5500: 5493: 5486: 5474: 5467: 5460: 5453: 5438: 5437: 5418: 5411: 5404: 5397: 5390: 5379: 5364: 5357: 5350: 5345: 5336: 5329: 5322: 5313: 5306: 5299: 5297:Nanjing Massacre 5292: 5285: 5276: 5274:Nuremberg trials 5267: 5260: 5253: 5246: 5239: 5232: 5223: 5216: 5209: 5202: 5182: 5175: 5168: 5159: 5152: 5145: 5138: 5131: 5124: 5115: 5106: 5099: 5092: 5085: 5076: 5069: 5062: 5055: 5048: 5041: 5034: 5027: 5007: 4998: 4991: 4984: 4975: 4968: 4961: 4954: 4945: 4938: 4931: 4922: 4915: 4908: 4901: 4894: 4887: 4880: 4878:Asia and Pacific 4860: 4853: 4846: 4839: 4832: 4825: 4818: 4809: 4807:Mulberry harbour 4802: 4795: 4788: 4781: 4774: 4767: 4760: 4753: 4744: 4737: 4730: 4721: 4714: 4707: 4700: 4693: 4686: 4679: 4672: 4665: 4658: 4649: 4642: 4627: 4626: 4615: 4608: 4599: 4592: 4585: 4578: 4571: 4564: 4557: 4536: 4529: 4522: 4513: 4512: 4466: 4446: 4437: 4428: 4427: 4425: 4416:, archived from 4402: 4393: 4384: 4366: 4348: 4330: 4312: 4311: 4309: 4294: 4285: 4267: 4246: 4228: 4210: 4192: 4191: 4189: 4174: 4173: 4171: 4165: 4159:, archived from 4158: 4146: 4140: 4132: 4120: 4119: 4118: 4099: 4081: 4064: 4053: 4044:Glantz, David M. 4039: 4037: 4026: 4016: 3998: 3971: 3965: 3959: 3953: 3944: 3938: 3932: 3931: 3930: 3929: 3904: 3898: 3892: 3886: 3880: 3874: 3868: 3862: 3856: 3850: 3844: 3838: 3832: 3826: 3820: 3811: 3805: 3799: 3793: 3778: 3772: 3766: 3760: 3751: 3745: 3736: 3730: 3721: 3715: 3706: 3700: 3691: 3685: 3679: 3673: 3664: 3658: 3647: 3642: 3636: 3630: 3609: 3603: 3597: 3591: 3582: 3576: 3570: 3565: 3559: 3553: 3547: 3541: 3535: 3529: 3520: 3514: 3508: 3502: 3489: 3483: 3474: 3471: 3465: 3459: 3453: 3447: 3441: 3435: 3429: 3423: 3417: 3411: 3405: 3399: 3390: 3384: 3378: 3372: 3366: 3365: 3364: 3362: 3349: 3343: 3340: 3334: 3325: 3319: 3318: 3316: 3314: 3305:. Archived from 3295: 3289: 3283: 3272: 3266: 3239: 3233: 3227: 3221: 3215: 3209: 3185: 3181: 3175: 3171: 3165: 3134: 3128: 3121: 3115: 3093: 3087: 3076: 3070: 3059: 3053: 3034: 3028: 3005: 2999: 2991: 2985: 2970: 2964: 2961: 2928:Vienna offensive 2922:Battle of Berlin 2875:Romanian 1st and 2861:Polish 2nd Army 2792: 2647:a communist coup 2558:České Budějovice 2245:Blumen-Operation 2243:devised a plan ( 2057: 2053: 2052: 2037: 2033: 2032: 2017: 2013: 2012: 1997: 1993: 1992: 1977: 1973: 1972: 1957: 1953: 1952: 1937: 1933: 1932: 1917: 1913: 1912: 1897: 1893: 1892: 1877: 1873: 1872: 1859: 1855: 1854: 1839: 1835: 1834: 1828: 1647: 1597: 1595: 1585: 1583: 1574:Prague offensive 1513:Grossdeutschland 1480: 1479: 1478: 1470: 1469: 1386: 1385: 1384: 1376: 1375: 1154: 1152: 1142: 1135: 1128: 1119: 1118: 1007:Petsamo–Kirkenes 885:Belgorod-Kharkov 851:Voronezh–Kharkov 575: 565: 558: 551: 542: 541: 534: 533: 532: 525: 524: 523: 516: 515: 514: 507: 506: 505: 498: 497: 496: 478: 477: 476: 469: 468: 467: 460: 459: 458: 451: 450: 449: 442: 441: 440: 432: 431: 430: 405: 404: 403: 394: 393: 392: 383: 382: 381: 372: 371: 370: 361: 360: 359: 350: 349: 348: 339: 338: 337: 328: 327: 326: 316: 315: 314: 308: 299: 298: 297: 291: 282: 281: 280: 271: 270: 269: 260: 259: 258: 241: 240: 239: 230: 229: 228: 222: 218: 216: 215: 205: 204: 203: 194: 192: 191: 172: 171: 170: 162: 158: 156: 155: 145: 144: 143: 137: 133: 131: 130: 62: 61: 54: 33:Prague offensive 30: 29: 21: 18:Prague Offensive 7873: 7872: 7868: 7867: 7866: 7864: 7863: 7862: 7803: 7802: 7801: 7796: 7789: 7782: 7768: 7766: 7754: 7745: 7738: 7731: 7724: 7715: 7708: 7701: 7692: 7687:Atomic bombings 7685: 7678: 7671: 7664: 7657: 7648: 7641: 7634: 7627: 7620: 7613: 7606: 7599: 7592: 7585: 7578: 7571: 7564: 7557: 7550: 7543: 7530: 7523: 7512: 7505: 7498: 7489: 7482: 7475: 7468: 7461: 7454: 7445: 7436: 7429: 7420: 7413: 7406: 7399: 7390: 7383: 7378:Eastern Romania 7376: 7371:Warsaw Uprising 7369: 7364:Tannenberg Line 7362: 7355: 7350:Western Ukraine 7348: 7339: 7332: 7323: 7314: 7305: 7298: 7291: 7280: 7271: 7258: 7251: 7242: 7235: 7228: 7221: 7214: 7207: 7200: 7191: 7184: 7177: 7168: 7161: 7154: 7147: 7142:Battle of Kursk 7140: 7133: 7126: 7119: 7112: 7099: 7092: 7083: 7076: 7069: 7060: 7053: 7046: 7039: 7030: 7021: 7014: 7007: 7000: 6993: 6986: 6979: 6972: 6965: 6958: 6953:St Nazaire Raid 6951: 6944: 6937: 6924: 6917: 6910: 6903: 6896: 6889: 6882: 6875: 6868: 6861: 6854: 6847: 6840: 6833: 6826: 6819: 6812: 6805: 6798: 6791: 6777: 6768: 6761: 6754: 6747: 6740: 6735:Anglo-Iraqi War 6733: 6726:Battle of Crete 6724: 6717: 6710: 6703: 6696: 6683: 6674: 6667: 6660: 6655:Eastern Romania 6653: 6646: 6639: 6632: 6625: 6618: 6611: 6604: 6597: 6590: 6583: 6576: 6569: 6562: 6555: 6548: 6535: 6528: 6521: 6514: 6507: 6500: 6493: 6486: 6473: 6464: 6457: 6450: 6443: 6436: 6429: 6420: 6413: 6406: 6397: 6390: 6364: 6357: 6350: 6341: 6334: 6329: 6320: 6313: 6306: 6297: 6290: 6281: 6274: 6269: 6262: 6249: 6242: 6233: 6226: 6221: 6216:Western Ukraine 6214: 6207: 6200: 6193: 6186: 6179: 6172: 6165: 6160:Northeast China 6158: 6151: 6144: 6137: 6130: 6123: 6114: 6107: 6100: 6093: 6086: 6079: 6072: 6065: 6058: 6051: 6044: 6037: 6030: 6023: 6016: 6009: 6002: 5995: 5988: 5975: 5968: 5961: 5954: 5947: 5940: 5933: 5926: 5919: 5912: 5905: 5898: 5885: 5878: 5871: 5866:Slovak Republic 5864: 5856: 5849: 5842: 5837:Empire of Japan 5835: 5826: 5818: 5811: 5804: 5797: 5790: 5783: 5775: 5768: 5761: 5753: 5746: 5733: 5726: 5717: 5710: 5701: 5694: 5687: 5680: 5673: 5666: 5659: 5647: 5640: 5633: 5626: 5619: 5612: 5605: 5598: 5591: 5579: 5572: 5565: 5558: 5551: 5539: 5531: 5524: 5517: 5510: 5503: 5496: 5489: 5477: 5470: 5463: 5456: 5449: 5423: 5414: 5407: 5400: 5393: 5382: 5367: 5360: 5353: 5349:Sexual violence 5348: 5341: 5332: 5325: 5318: 5309: 5302: 5295: 5288: 5281: 5272: 5263: 5256: 5249: 5242: 5235: 5228: 5219: 5212: 5205: 5198: 5185: 5178: 5171: 5164: 5155: 5148: 5141: 5134: 5127: 5118: 5109: 5102: 5095: 5088: 5079: 5072: 5067:Greek Civil War 5065: 5058: 5051: 5044: 5037: 5030: 5023: 5010: 5003: 4994: 4987: 4980: 4971: 4964: 4957: 4950: 4941: 4934: 4927: 4918: 4911: 4904: 4897: 4892:South-East Asia 4890: 4883: 4876: 4863: 4856: 4849: 4842: 4835: 4828: 4821: 4814: 4805: 4798: 4791: 4784: 4777: 4770: 4763: 4756: 4751:Military awards 4749: 4740: 4733: 4726: 4717: 4710: 4703: 4696: 4689: 4682: 4675: 4668: 4661: 4654: 4645: 4638: 4618: 4611: 4604: 4595: 4588: 4581: 4576: 4567: 4560: 4553: 4545: 4540: 4463:Year of Victory 4454: 4452:Further reading 4449: 4423: 4421: 4382: 4364: 4346: 4328: 4307: 4305: 4283: 4264: 4244: 4236:, Munich: DVA, 4226: 4225:978-1853-672804 4208: 4187: 4185: 4169: 4167: 4163: 4156: 4134: 4133: 4116: 4114: 4097: 4062: 4035: 4024: 4014: 3996: 3979: 3974: 3966: 3962: 3954: 3947: 3939: 3935: 3927: 3925: 3923: 3913:The Third Reich 3905: 3901: 3893: 3889: 3881: 3877: 3869: 3865: 3859:Mendelsohn 2010 3857: 3853: 3845: 3841: 3833: 3829: 3821: 3814: 3806: 3802: 3794: 3781: 3773: 3769: 3761: 3754: 3746: 3739: 3731: 3724: 3716: 3709: 3701: 3694: 3686: 3682: 3674: 3667: 3659: 3650: 3643: 3639: 3631: 3612: 3604: 3600: 3592: 3585: 3577: 3573: 3566: 3562: 3554: 3550: 3542: 3538: 3530: 3523: 3517:Mendelsohn 2010 3515: 3511: 3503: 3492: 3484: 3477: 3472: 3468: 3460: 3456: 3448: 3444: 3436: 3432: 3424: 3420: 3412: 3408: 3400: 3393: 3385: 3381: 3373: 3369: 3360: 3358: 3351: 3350: 3346: 3341: 3337: 3326: 3322: 3312: 3310: 3297: 3296: 3292: 3284: 3275: 3269:Krivosheev 1997 3267: 3242: 3234: 3230: 3222: 3218: 3210: 3203: 3199: 3194: 3189: 3188: 3182: 3178: 3172: 3168: 3135: 3131: 3122: 3118: 3094: 3090: 3077: 3073: 3060: 3056: 3035: 3031: 3006: 3002: 2992: 2988: 2971: 2967: 2962: 2958: 2953: 2934:Prague uprising 2918: 2909: 2876: 2796: 2789: 2757: 2748:Olšany Cemetery 2741: 2712: 2694:On 14 May, Dr. 2678:Sudeten Germans 2659:Emanuel Moravec 2655: 2622: 2605: 2545: 2513: 2484: 2461:Old Town Square 2449:9th Guards Army 2441:7th Guards Army 2418: 2340: 2332: 2267: 2265:Prague uprising 2253: 2251:Prague uprising 2234:Prague uprising 2147:1st Panzer Army 2112:4th Panzer Army 2077: 2076: 2075: 2073: 2067: 2066: 2065: 2064: 2054: 2046: 2045: 2044: 2034: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2014: 2006: 2005: 2004: 1994: 1986: 1985: 1984: 1974: 1966: 1965: 1964: 1954: 1946: 1945: 1944: 1934: 1926: 1925: 1924: 1920:4th Panzer Army 1914: 1906: 1905: 1904: 1894: 1886: 1885: 1884: 1880:1st Panzer Army 1874: 1866: 1865: 1864: 1856: 1848: 1847: 1846: 1836: 1812: 1799: 1793: 1774:to relieve the 1663: 1658: 1613:Prague uprising 1559: 1554: 1553:• XXXXIII Corps 1552: 1546: 1542: 1540: 1538: 1536: 1534: 1532: 1530:1st Panzer Army 1528: 1526: 1524: 1522: 1518: 1516: 1510: 1507:Hermann Goering 1504: 1502: 1500:4th Panzer Army 1498: 1496: 1494: 1482: 1476: 1474: 1467: 1462: 1460: 1458: 1456: 1454: 1452: 1450: 1446: 1444: 1442: 1440: 1438: 1436: 1434: 1432: 1430: 1428: 1424: 1422: 1420: 1418: 1416: 1414: 1412: 1410: 1408: 1406: 1404: 1402: 1400: 1388: 1382: 1380: 1373: 1368: 1359:Bratislava–Brno 1155: 1150: 1148: 1146: 1116: 1111: 1105:Prague uprising 1088:Bratislava–Brno 1078:Moravia–Ostrava 968:Lvov–Sandomierz 796:Rzhev–Sychyovka 624:Białystok–Minsk 576: 571: 569: 530: 528: 527: 521: 519: 518: 512: 510: 509: 503: 501: 500: 494: 492: 474: 472: 471: 465: 463: 462: 456: 454: 453: 447: 445: 444: 438: 436: 428: 426: 425: 423: 421: 420:600,000–650,000 419: 401: 399: 398: 390: 388: 387: 379: 377: 376: 374:Vasile Atanasiu 368: 366: 365: 357: 355: 354: 346: 344: 343: 335: 333: 332: 324: 322: 312: 310: 309: 295: 293: 292: 278: 276: 275: 273:Lothar Rendulic 267: 265: 264: 256: 254: 237: 235: 234: 226: 224: 223: 213: 211: 209: 201: 199: 198: 189: 187: 186: 168: 166: 153: 151: 149: 141: 139: 138: 128: 126: 124: 95:Allied victory 86: 69: 55: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7871: 7861: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7798: 7797: 7795: 7794: 7787: 7780: 7763: 7760: 7759: 7756: 7755: 7753: 7752: 7751: 7750: 7743: 7736: 7722: 7721: 7720: 7706: 7703:South Sakhalin 7699: 7698: 7697: 7683: 7676: 7669: 7662: 7655: 7654: 7653: 7639: 7632: 7625: 7618: 7611: 7604: 7597: 7590: 7583: 7576: 7569: 7562: 7555: 7548: 7540: 7538: 7532: 7531: 7529: 7528: 7521: 7520: 7519: 7503: 7496: 7495: 7494: 7480: 7473: 7466: 7459: 7452: 7443: 7434: 7427: 7418: 7411: 7404: 7397: 7388: 7381: 7374: 7367: 7360: 7353: 7346: 7337: 7330: 7321: 7312: 7303: 7296: 7289: 7278: 7268: 7266: 7260: 7259: 7257: 7256: 7249: 7248: 7247: 7240: 7226: 7219: 7212: 7205: 7198: 7197: 7196: 7182: 7175: 7166: 7159: 7152: 7145: 7138: 7131: 7128:Battle of Attu 7124: 7117: 7109: 7107: 7101: 7100: 7098: 7097: 7090: 7081: 7074: 7067: 7058: 7051: 7044: 7037: 7028: 7027: 7026: 7019: 7005: 6998: 6991: 6984: 6977: 6970: 6963: 6956: 6949: 6942: 6934: 6932: 6926: 6925: 6923: 6922: 6915: 6908: 6901: 6894: 6887: 6880: 6877:Battle of Guam 6873: 6866: 6859: 6852: 6845: 6838: 6831: 6824: 6817: 6810: 6803: 6800:Battle of Kiev 6796: 6789: 6775: 6774: 6773: 6759: 6752: 6745: 6738: 6731: 6730: 6729: 6715: 6708: 6701: 6693: 6691: 6685: 6684: 6682: 6681: 6672: 6665: 6658: 6651: 6644: 6637: 6630: 6623: 6616: 6609: 6602: 6595: 6588: 6581: 6574: 6567: 6560: 6553: 6545: 6543: 6537: 6536: 6534: 6533: 6526: 6519: 6512: 6505: 6498: 6491: 6483: 6481: 6475: 6474: 6472: 6471: 6470: 6469: 6462: 6455: 6448: 6441: 6427: 6426: 6425: 6418: 6404: 6403: 6402: 6387: 6385: 6376: 6370: 6369: 6366: 6365: 6363: 6362: 6355: 6348: 6347: 6346: 6339: 6327: 6326: 6325: 6311: 6304: 6303: 6302: 6299:United Kingdom 6295: 6288: 6287: 6286: 6267: 6259: 6257: 6251: 6250: 6248: 6247: 6240: 6239: 6238: 6231: 6219: 6212: 6205: 6198: 6191: 6184: 6177: 6170: 6163: 6156: 6149: 6142: 6135: 6128: 6121: 6120: 6119: 6112: 6098: 6091: 6084: 6077: 6070: 6063: 6056: 6049: 6042: 6035: 6028: 6021: 6014: 6007: 6000: 5993: 5985: 5983: 5977: 5976: 5974: 5973: 5966: 5959: 5952: 5945: 5938: 5931: 5924: 5917: 5910: 5903: 5895: 5893: 5887: 5886: 5884: 5883: 5876: 5869: 5862: 5854: 5847: 5840: 5833: 5832: 5831: 5816: 5809: 5802: 5795: 5788: 5781: 5773: 5766: 5759: 5751: 5743: 5741: 5735: 5734: 5732: 5731: 5724: 5723: 5722: 5708: 5707: 5706: 5703:British Empire 5696:United Kingdom 5692: 5685: 5678: 5671: 5664: 5657: 5645: 5638: 5631: 5624: 5617: 5610: 5603: 5596: 5589: 5577: 5570: 5563: 5556: 5549: 5537: 5529: 5522: 5515: 5512:Czechoslovakia 5508: 5501: 5494: 5487: 5475: 5468: 5461: 5454: 5446: 5444: 5435: 5429: 5428: 5425: 5424: 5422: 5421: 5420: 5419: 5412: 5409:Rape of Manila 5405: 5398: 5391: 5380: 5365: 5358: 5346: 5339: 5338: 5337: 5330: 5316: 5315: 5314: 5307: 5300: 5286: 5279: 5278: 5277: 5270: 5269: 5268: 5261: 5247: 5240: 5226: 5225: 5224: 5217: 5210: 5195: 5193: 5187: 5186: 5184: 5183: 5180:United Nations 5176: 5169: 5162: 5161: 5160: 5153: 5146: 5139: 5125: 5116: 5107: 5100: 5093: 5086: 5077: 5070: 5063: 5056: 5049: 5042: 5039:Decolonization 5035: 5028: 5020: 5018: 5012: 5011: 5009: 5008: 5001: 5000: 4999: 4985: 4978: 4977: 4976: 4969: 4962: 4948: 4947: 4946: 4939: 4925: 4924: 4923: 4916: 4909: 4902: 4895: 4888: 4873: 4871: 4865: 4864: 4862: 4861: 4854: 4847: 4840: 4833: 4826: 4819: 4812: 4811: 4810: 4803: 4789: 4782: 4775: 4768: 4761: 4754: 4747: 4746: 4745: 4731: 4724: 4723: 4722: 4715: 4712:United Kingdom 4708: 4694: 4687: 4680: 4673: 4666: 4659: 4652: 4651: 4650: 4635: 4633: 4624: 4620: 4619: 4617: 4616: 4609: 4602: 4601: 4600: 4593: 4586: 4574: 4573: 4572: 4558: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4539: 4538: 4531: 4524: 4516: 4510: 4509: 4508: 4507: 4468: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4447: 4438: 4429: 4403: 4394: 4385: 4380: 4367: 4362: 4349: 4344: 4331: 4326: 4313: 4295: 4286: 4281: 4268: 4262: 4247: 4242: 4229: 4224: 4211: 4206: 4193: 4184:, www.radio.cz 4175: 4147: 4121: 4100: 4095: 4082: 4065: 4060: 4040: 4022:"Human Losses" 4017: 4013:978-0297772385 4012: 3999: 3994: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3972: 3968:YPL staff 2012 3960: 3958:, p. 675. 3945: 3933: 3921: 3899: 3887: 3883:Johnstone 2009 3875: 3863: 3851: 3839: 3827: 3825:, p. 677. 3812: 3800: 3798:, p. 424. 3779: 3777:, p. 274. 3767: 3765:, p. 636. 3752: 3750:, p. 222. 3737: 3735:, p. 228. 3722: 3720:, p. 423. 3707: 3705:, p. 134. 3692: 3690:, p. 373. 3680: 3678:, p. 534. 3665: 3663:, p. 191. 3648: 3637: 3635:, p. 422. 3610: 3608:, p. 635. 3598: 3596:, p. 273. 3583: 3581:, p. 532. 3571: 3560: 3558:, p. 633. 3548: 3546:, p. 632. 3536: 3521: 3509: 3507:, p. 634. 3490: 3488:, p. 533. 3475: 3466: 3454: 3442: 3430: 3428:, p. 228. 3418: 3406: 3404:, p. 627. 3391: 3379: 3377:, p. 631. 3367: 3344: 3335: 3320: 3290: 3288:, p. 300. 3273: 3271:, p. 159. 3240: 3238:, p. 498. 3228: 3226:, p. 674. 3216: 3200: 3198: 3195: 3193: 3190: 3187: 3186: 3176: 3166: 3129: 3116: 3097:Greenwald 1945 3088: 3080:Greenwald 1945 3071: 3063:Greenwald 1945 3054: 3038:Greenwald 1945 3029: 3009:Greenwald 1945 3000: 2994:See Williams' 2986: 2965: 2955: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2948: 2947: 2942: 2937: 2931: 2925: 2917: 2914: 2908: 2905: 2902: 2901: 2898: 2895: 2892: 2888: 2887: 2884: 2881: 2878: 2872: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2862: 2858: 2857: 2854: 2851: 2848: 2844: 2843: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2830: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2816: 2815: 2812: 2809: 2806: 2802: 2801: 2787: 2786: 2785: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2772: 2771: 2770: 2767: 2764: 2756: 2753: 2740: 2737: 2711: 2708: 2704:Pankrác Prison 2674:Konrad Henlein 2654: 2651: 2621: 2618: 2604: 2601: 2544: 2541: 2512: 2509: 2483: 2480: 2417: 2414: 2398:combat command 2339: 2336: 2331: 2328: 2263:Main article: 2252: 2249: 2097:Volksgrenadier 2069: 2068: 2056: 2055: 2048: 2047: 2036: 2035: 2028: 2027: 2016: 2015: 2008: 2007: 1996: 1995: 1988: 1987: 1976: 1975: 1968: 1967: 1956: 1955: 1948: 1947: 1936: 1935: 1928: 1927: 1916: 1915: 1908: 1907: 1896: 1895: 1888: 1887: 1876: 1875: 1868: 1867: 1858: 1857: 1850: 1849: 1838: 1837: 1830: 1829: 1823: 1822: 1821: 1811: 1808: 1795:Main article: 1792: 1789: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1648:) and many of 1556: 1555: 1549:Feldherrnhalle 1539:• XXXXIX Corps 1490: 1488: 1484: 1483: 1464: 1463: 1451:• 8th Air Army 1429:• 5th Air Army 1401:• 2nd Air Army 1396: 1394: 1390: 1389: 1370: 1369: 1367: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1335: 1334: 1330: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1273: 1266: 1259: 1252: 1247: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1193: 1188: 1182: 1181: 1177: 1176: 1171: 1166: 1160: 1157: 1156: 1145: 1144: 1137: 1130: 1122: 1113: 1112: 1110: 1109: 1108: 1107: 1097: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1068:East Pomerania 1065: 1058: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1030: 1029: 1025: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 989: 984: 977: 970: 965: 958: 953: 948: 943: 938: 933: 927: 926: 922: 921: 916: 911: 904: 903: 902: 892: 887: 882: 877: 870: 865: 860: 853: 848: 843: 835: 834: 830: 829: 822: 815: 810: 803: 798: 793: 788: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 759:Toropets–Kholm 756: 749: 744: 738: 737: 733: 732: 727: 722: 717: 712: 711: 710: 703: 698: 693: 688: 683: 678: 673: 666: 661: 656: 651: 646: 641: 636: 631: 626: 621: 608: 607: 603: 602: 597: 592: 586: 585: 581: 578: 577: 568: 567: 560: 553: 545: 537: 536: 490: 486: 485: 481: 480: 434: 415: 414: 410: 409: 363:Karel Klapálek 320: 251: 250: 246: 245: 207:Czechoslovakia 178: 177: 176: 114: 113: 109: 108: 105: 104: 103: 102: 92: 88: 87: 84:Czechoslovakia 78: 76: 72: 71: 66: 58: 57: 47: 46: 35: 34: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7870: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7824: 7821: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7810: 7808: 7792: 7788: 7785: 7781: 7778: 7777: 7772: 7765: 7764: 7761: 7748: 7744: 7741: 7737: 7734: 7730: 7729: 7727: 7723: 7718: 7714: 7713: 7711: 7710:Kuril Islands 7707: 7704: 7700: 7695: 7691: 7690: 7688: 7684: 7681: 7677: 7674: 7670: 7667: 7663: 7660: 7656: 7651: 7647: 7646: 7644: 7640: 7637: 7633: 7630: 7626: 7623: 7619: 7616: 7612: 7609: 7605: 7602: 7598: 7595: 7591: 7588: 7584: 7581: 7577: 7574: 7570: 7567: 7563: 7560: 7556: 7553: 7549: 7546: 7542: 7541: 7539: 7537: 7533: 7526: 7522: 7517: 7516: 7511: 7510: 7508: 7504: 7501: 7497: 7492: 7488: 7487: 7485: 7481: 7478: 7477:Syrmian Front 7474: 7471: 7467: 7464: 7460: 7457: 7453: 7450: 7449: 7444: 7441: 7440: 7435: 7432: 7428: 7425: 7424: 7423:Market Garden 7419: 7416: 7412: 7409: 7405: 7402: 7398: 7395: 7394: 7389: 7386: 7382: 7379: 7375: 7372: 7368: 7365: 7361: 7358: 7354: 7351: 7347: 7344: 7343: 7338: 7335: 7331: 7328: 7327: 7322: 7319: 7318: 7313: 7310: 7309: 7304: 7301: 7297: 7294: 7290: 7287: 7283: 7282:Monte Cassino 7279: 7276: 7275: 7270: 7269: 7267: 7265: 7261: 7254: 7250: 7245: 7241: 7238: 7234: 7233: 7231: 7227: 7224: 7220: 7217: 7213: 7210: 7206: 7203: 7199: 7194: 7190: 7189: 7187: 7183: 7180: 7176: 7173: 7172: 7167: 7164: 7160: 7157: 7153: 7150: 7146: 7143: 7139: 7136: 7132: 7129: 7125: 7122: 7118: 7115: 7111: 7110: 7108: 7106: 7102: 7095: 7091: 7088: 7087: 7082: 7079: 7075: 7072: 7068: 7065: 7064: 7059: 7056: 7052: 7049: 7045: 7042: 7038: 7035: 7034: 7029: 7024: 7020: 7017: 7013: 7012: 7010: 7006: 7003: 6999: 6996: 6992: 6989: 6985: 6982: 6978: 6975: 6971: 6968: 6964: 6961: 6957: 6954: 6950: 6947: 6943: 6940: 6936: 6935: 6933: 6931: 6927: 6920: 6916: 6913: 6909: 6906: 6902: 6899: 6895: 6892: 6888: 6885: 6881: 6878: 6874: 6871: 6867: 6864: 6860: 6857: 6853: 6850: 6846: 6843: 6839: 6836: 6832: 6829: 6825: 6822: 6818: 6815: 6811: 6808: 6804: 6801: 6797: 6794: 6790: 6786: 6785: 6780: 6776: 6771: 6767: 6766: 6764: 6760: 6757: 6753: 6750: 6746: 6743: 6739: 6736: 6732: 6727: 6723: 6722: 6720: 6716: 6713: 6709: 6706: 6702: 6699: 6695: 6694: 6692: 6690: 6686: 6679: 6678: 6673: 6670: 6666: 6663: 6659: 6656: 6652: 6649: 6648:Baltic states 6645: 6642: 6638: 6635: 6631: 6628: 6624: 6621: 6617: 6614: 6610: 6607: 6603: 6600: 6596: 6593: 6589: 6586: 6582: 6579: 6575: 6572: 6568: 6565: 6561: 6558: 6554: 6551: 6547: 6546: 6544: 6542: 6538: 6531: 6527: 6524: 6520: 6517: 6513: 6510: 6506: 6503: 6499: 6496: 6492: 6489: 6485: 6484: 6482: 6480: 6476: 6467: 6463: 6460: 6456: 6453: 6449: 6446: 6442: 6439: 6435: 6434: 6432: 6428: 6423: 6419: 6416: 6412: 6411: 6409: 6405: 6400: 6396: 6395: 6393: 6389: 6388: 6386: 6384: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6371: 6360: 6356: 6353: 6349: 6344: 6340: 6337: 6333: 6332: 6328: 6323: 6319: 6318: 6316: 6312: 6309: 6305: 6300: 6296: 6293: 6292:United States 6289: 6284: 6280: 6279: 6277: 6273: 6272: 6268: 6265: 6261: 6260: 6258: 6256: 6252: 6245: 6241: 6236: 6232: 6229: 6228:Quốc dân Đảng 6225: 6224: 6220: 6217: 6213: 6210: 6206: 6203: 6199: 6196: 6192: 6189: 6185: 6182: 6178: 6175: 6171: 6168: 6164: 6161: 6157: 6154: 6150: 6147: 6143: 6140: 6136: 6133: 6129: 6126: 6122: 6117: 6113: 6110: 6106: 6105: 6103: 6099: 6096: 6092: 6089: 6085: 6082: 6078: 6075: 6071: 6068: 6064: 6061: 6057: 6054: 6050: 6047: 6043: 6040: 6036: 6033: 6029: 6026: 6022: 6019: 6015: 6012: 6008: 6005: 6001: 5998: 5994: 5991: 5987: 5986: 5984: 5982: 5978: 5971: 5967: 5964: 5960: 5957: 5953: 5950: 5946: 5943: 5939: 5936: 5932: 5929: 5928:Liechtenstein 5925: 5922: 5918: 5915: 5911: 5908: 5904: 5901: 5897: 5896: 5894: 5892: 5888: 5881: 5877: 5874: 5870: 5867: 5863: 5859: 5855: 5852: 5848: 5845: 5841: 5838: 5834: 5829: 5825: 5824: 5821: 5817: 5814: 5810: 5807: 5803: 5800: 5796: 5793: 5789: 5786: 5782: 5778: 5774: 5771: 5767: 5764: 5760: 5756: 5752: 5749: 5745: 5744: 5742: 5740: 5736: 5729: 5725: 5720: 5716: 5715: 5713: 5712:United States 5709: 5704: 5700: 5699: 5697: 5693: 5690: 5686: 5683: 5679: 5676: 5672: 5669: 5665: 5662: 5658: 5654: 5650: 5646: 5643: 5639: 5636: 5632: 5629: 5625: 5622: 5618: 5615: 5611: 5608: 5604: 5601: 5597: 5594: 5590: 5586: 5582: 5578: 5575: 5571: 5568: 5564: 5561: 5557: 5554: 5550: 5546: 5542: 5538: 5534: 5530: 5527: 5523: 5520: 5516: 5513: 5509: 5506: 5502: 5499: 5495: 5492: 5488: 5484: 5480: 5476: 5473: 5469: 5466: 5462: 5459: 5455: 5452: 5448: 5447: 5445: 5443: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5430: 5417: 5413: 5410: 5406: 5403: 5402:Comfort women 5399: 5396: 5392: 5389: 5386: / 5385: 5381: 5378: 5375: / 5374: 5371: / 5370: 5366: 5363: 5362:Camp brothels 5359: 5356: 5352: 5351: 5347: 5344: 5340: 5335: 5331: 5328: 5324: 5323: 5321: 5317: 5312: 5308: 5305: 5301: 5298: 5294: 5293: 5291: 5287: 5284: 5280: 5275: 5271: 5266: 5262: 5259: 5255: 5254: 5252: 5251:The Holocaust 5248: 5245: 5241: 5238: 5237:forced labour 5234: 5233: 5231: 5227: 5222: 5218: 5215: 5211: 5208: 5204: 5203: 5201: 5197: 5196: 5194: 5192: 5188: 5181: 5177: 5174: 5170: 5167: 5163: 5158: 5154: 5151: 5147: 5144: 5140: 5137: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5126: 5123: 5122: 5117: 5114: 5113: 5108: 5105: 5101: 5098: 5094: 5091: 5090:Marshall Plan 5087: 5084: 5083: 5078: 5075: 5071: 5068: 5064: 5061: 5057: 5054: 5050: 5047: 5043: 5040: 5036: 5033: 5029: 5026: 5022: 5021: 5019: 5017: 5013: 5006: 5002: 4997: 4993: 4992: 4990: 4986: 4983: 4979: 4974: 4970: 4967: 4963: 4960: 4956: 4955: 4953: 4949: 4944: 4943:Eastern Front 4940: 4937: 4936:Western Front 4933: 4932: 4930: 4926: 4921: 4917: 4914: 4910: 4907: 4903: 4900: 4896: 4893: 4889: 4886: 4882: 4881: 4879: 4875: 4874: 4872: 4870: 4866: 4859: 4855: 4852: 4848: 4845: 4841: 4838: 4834: 4831: 4830:Puppet states 4827: 4824: 4820: 4817: 4813: 4808: 4804: 4801: 4797: 4796: 4794: 4790: 4787: 4783: 4780: 4776: 4773: 4772:Naval history 4769: 4766: 4762: 4759: 4755: 4752: 4748: 4743: 4739: 4738: 4736: 4732: 4729: 4725: 4720: 4719:United States 4716: 4713: 4709: 4706: 4702: 4701: 4699: 4695: 4692: 4688: 4685: 4681: 4678: 4674: 4671: 4667: 4664: 4660: 4657: 4653: 4648: 4644: 4643: 4641: 4637: 4636: 4634: 4632: 4628: 4625: 4621: 4614: 4610: 4607: 4603: 4598: 4594: 4591: 4587: 4584: 4580: 4579: 4575: 4570: 4566: 4565: 4563: 4559: 4556: 4552: 4551: 4548: 4544: 4537: 4532: 4530: 4525: 4523: 4518: 4517: 4514: 4506: 4505:0-8133-1431-3 4502: 4498: 4497:0-8133-1430-5 4494: 4490: 4489:0-8133-1429-1 4486: 4482: 4479: 4478: 4476: 4472: 4469: 4464: 4460: 4456: 4455: 4444: 4439: 4435: 4430: 4419: 4415: 4411: 4410: 4404: 4400: 4395: 4391: 4386: 4383: 4381:3-7648-1111-0 4377: 4373: 4368: 4365: 4363:3-7648-1083-1 4359: 4355: 4350: 4347: 4345:3-7648-0942-6 4341: 4337: 4332: 4329: 4327:3-7648-0871-3 4323: 4319: 4314: 4303: 4302: 4296: 4292: 4287: 4284: 4278: 4274: 4269: 4265: 4263:9780195166798 4259: 4255: 4254: 4248: 4245: 4239: 4235: 4230: 4227: 4221: 4217: 4212: 4209: 4203: 4199: 4194: 4183: 4182: 4176: 4162: 4155: 4154: 4148: 4144: 4138: 4130: 4129: 4122: 4113:on 2008-03-11 4112: 4108: 4107: 4101: 4098: 4096:3-7637-5889-5 4092: 4088: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4066: 4063: 4061:0-7006-0899-0 4057: 4052: 4051: 4045: 4041: 4038:on 2013-01-14 4034: 4030: 4023: 4018: 4015: 4009: 4005: 4000: 3997: 3995:0-8179-4491-5 3991: 3987: 3982: 3981: 3969: 3964: 3957: 3956:Lakowski 2008 3952: 3950: 3942: 3937: 3924: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3903: 3896: 3891: 3884: 3879: 3872: 3871:Gosztony 1991 3867: 3861:, p. 16. 3860: 3855: 3848: 3843: 3837:, p. 35. 3836: 3831: 3824: 3823:Lakowski 2008 3819: 3817: 3810:, p. 50. 3809: 3804: 3797: 3792: 3790: 3788: 3786: 3784: 3776: 3771: 3764: 3763:Erickson 1983 3759: 3757: 3749: 3744: 3742: 3734: 3733:Gosztony 1991 3729: 3727: 3719: 3714: 3712: 3704: 3699: 3697: 3689: 3684: 3677: 3676:Williams 1989 3672: 3670: 3662: 3657: 3655: 3653: 3646: 3641: 3634: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3623: 3621: 3619: 3617: 3615: 3607: 3606:Erickson 1983 3602: 3595: 3590: 3588: 3580: 3579:Williams 1989 3575: 3569: 3564: 3557: 3556:Erickson 1983 3552: 3545: 3544:Erickson 1983 3540: 3533: 3528: 3526: 3519:, p. 17. 3518: 3513: 3506: 3505:Erickson 1983 3501: 3499: 3497: 3495: 3487: 3486:Williams 1989 3482: 3480: 3470: 3464:, p. 90. 3463: 3458: 3451: 3446: 3440:, p. 53. 3439: 3434: 3427: 3422: 3416:, p. 52. 3415: 3410: 3403: 3402:Erickson 1983 3398: 3396: 3388: 3387:Erickson 1983 3383: 3376: 3375:Erickson 1983 3371: 3356: 3355: 3348: 3339: 3333: 3331: 3324: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3294: 3287: 3282: 3280: 3278: 3270: 3265: 3263: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3245: 3237: 3232: 3225: 3224:Lakowski 2008 3220: 3213: 3208: 3206: 3201: 3180: 3170: 3163: 3160: 3156: 3153: 3149: 3145: 3144: 3139: 3133: 3126: 3120: 3113: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3092: 3085: 3081: 3075: 3068: 3064: 3058: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3033: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3004: 2997: 2990: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2969: 2960: 2956: 2946: 2943: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2932: 2929: 2926: 2923: 2920: 2919: 2913: 2899: 2896: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2873: 2869: 2866: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2852: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2838: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2824: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2811:Total losses 2810: 2807: 2804: 2803: 2800: 2793: 2790: 2782: 2779: 2776: 2775: 2773: 2768: 2765: 2762: 2761: 2759: 2758: 2749: 2745: 2736: 2733: 2729: 2728:John Erickson 2724: 2722: 2716: 2707: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2692: 2690: 2686: 2681: 2679: 2675: 2670: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2650: 2648: 2642: 2638: 2636: 2630: 2626: 2614: 2609: 2600: 2598: 2593: 2591: 2587: 2582: 2581:ethnic German 2577: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2554:George Patton 2549: 2540: 2538: 2534: 2529: 2527: 2517: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2498: 2492: 2490: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2468: 2466: 2462: 2457: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2437: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2413: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2382: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2367: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2335: 2327: 2323: 2320: 2316: 2311: 2308: 2303: 2299: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2283: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2266: 2257: 2248: 2246: 2242: 2237: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2214: 2211: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2198: 2197:Ore Mountains 2194: 2189: 2187: 2181: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2162: 2160: 2156: 2151: 2148: 2144: 2139: 2137: 2133: 2128: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2113: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2072: 2062: 2061: 2042: 2041: 2022: 2021: 2002: 2001: 1982: 1981: 1962: 1961: 1942: 1941: 1922: 1921: 1902: 1901: 1882: 1881: 1862: 1844: 1843: 1827: 1816: 1807: 1805: 1804:Ore Mountains 1798: 1788: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1768: 1767:Joseph Stalin 1764: 1759: 1757: 1752: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1741: 1736: 1731: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1692: 1687: 1684: 1683:Generaloberst 1680: 1676: 1671: 1669: 1653: 1651: 1646: 1641: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1609:Eastern Front 1606: 1600: 1594: 1588: 1579: 1575: 1567: 1563: 1550: 1545: 1537:• LXXII Corps 1531: 1521: 1514: 1508: 1503:• LXXXX Corps 1501: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1471: 1449: 1427: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1377: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1336: 1332: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1307:Uman–Botoșani 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1292:Kerch-Eltigen 1290: 1287: 1283: 1282: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1271: 1270:Little Saturn 1267: 1265: 1264: 1260: 1258: 1257: 1253: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1245: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1198: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1183: 1179: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1161: 1158: 1153: 1143: 1138: 1136: 1131: 1129: 1124: 1123: 1120: 1106: 1103: 1102: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1095: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1063: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1036: 1032: 1031: 1027: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 993: 990: 988: 985: 983: 982: 978: 976: 975: 971: 969: 966: 964: 963: 959: 957: 954: 952: 949: 947: 944: 942: 939: 937: 934: 932: 929: 928: 924: 923: 920: 917: 915: 912: 910: 909: 905: 901: 898: 897: 896: 893: 891: 888: 886: 883: 881: 878: 876: 875: 871: 869: 866: 864: 861: 859: 858: 854: 852: 849: 847: 844: 842: 841: 837: 836: 832: 831: 828: 827: 826:Little Saturn 823: 821: 820: 816: 814: 813:Velikiye Luki 811: 809: 808: 804: 802: 799: 797: 794: 792: 789: 787: 786: 782: 780: 777: 775: 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 754: 750: 748: 745: 743: 740: 739: 735: 734: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 718: 716: 713: 709: 708: 704: 702: 699: 697: 694: 692: 689: 687: 684: 682: 679: 677: 674: 672: 671: 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 655: 652: 650: 647: 645: 642: 640: 637: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 616: 615: 614: 610: 609: 605: 604: 601: 598: 596: 593: 591: 588: 587: 584:Naval warfare 583: 582: 579: 574: 573:Eastern Front 566: 561: 559: 554: 552: 547: 546: 543: 491: 488: 487: 482: 435: 417: 416: 411: 408: 397: 386: 375: 364: 353: 342: 331: 321: 319: 307: 302: 301:Kurt Agricola 290: 285: 274: 263: 253: 252: 247: 244: 233: 221: 208: 197: 185: 183: 179: 175: 165: 164: 163: 161: 148: 136: 123: 121: 116: 115: 110: 101: 98: 97: 96: 93: 90: 89: 85: 81: 77: 74: 73: 70:(5 days) 68:6–11 May 1945 67: 64: 63: 59: 53: 48: 45: 41: 40:Eastern Front 36: 31: 19: 7784:Bibliography 7767: 7635: 7580:Project Hula 7545:Vistula–Oder 7514: 7447: 7438: 7422: 7392: 7341: 7325: 7316: 7307: 7273: 7170: 7085: 7061: 7031: 6782: 6675: 6620:North Africa 6322:Soviet Union 6276:Soviet Union 6202:Soviet Union 5970:Vatican City 5880:Vichy France 5785:German Reich 5682:Soviet Union 5668:South Africa 5661:Sierra Leone 5614:Newfoundland 5433:Participants 5416:Marocchinate 5120: 5111: 5081: 4959:North Africa 4920:Indian Ocean 4779:Nazi plunder 4670:Cryptography 4543:World War II 4480: 4474: 4470: 4462: 4442: 4433: 4422:, retrieved 4418:the original 4408: 4398: 4389: 4371: 4353: 4335: 4317: 4306:, retrieved 4304:, Spiegel.de 4300: 4290: 4272: 4252: 4233: 4215: 4197: 4186:, retrieved 4180: 4168:, retrieved 4161:the original 4152: 4125: 4115:, retrieved 4111:the original 4105: 4086: 4078:the original 4073: 4049: 4033:the original 4028: 4003: 3985: 3963: 3941:Ustinov 1982 3936: 3926:, retrieved 3912: 3902: 3895:Jaggers 1993 3890: 3878: 3866: 3854: 3842: 3830: 3803: 3796:Ustinov 1982 3770: 3718:Ustinov 1982 3688:Kershaw 2011 3683: 3661:Mahoney 2011 3640: 3633:Ustinov 1982 3601: 3574: 3563: 3551: 3539: 3512: 3469: 3457: 3452:, p. 8. 3445: 3433: 3421: 3409: 3382: 3370: 3359:, retrieved 3353: 3347: 3338: 3329: 3323: 3311:. Retrieved 3307:the original 3302: 3293: 3231: 3219: 3179: 3169: 3141: 3137: 3132: 3119: 3091: 3074: 3057: 3032: 3003: 2995: 2989: 2968: 2959: 2910: 2798: 2788: 2769:Total 52,498 2731: 2725: 2720: 2717: 2713: 2693: 2689:Protectorate 2682: 2671: 2656: 2643: 2639: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2594: 2578: 2566:Karlovy Vary 2550: 2546: 2530: 2522: 2505: 2501: 2493: 2488: 2485: 2469: 2458: 2438: 2419: 2383: 2368: 2341: 2333: 2324: 2317:(ROA) under 2312: 2304: 2302:occupation. 2300: 2295:Omar Bradley 2284: 2268: 2244: 2238: 2215: 2207: 2201: 2190: 2182: 2178:4th Romanian 2163: 2152: 2145:, where the 2140: 2129: 2109: 2104: 2100: 2093:Army Group G 2078: 2058: 2038: 2018: 1998: 1978: 1958: 1938: 1918: 1898: 1878: 1860: 1840: 1800: 1760: 1753: 1738: 1732: 1704: 1689: 1672: 1664: 1637: 1635:on 8/9 May. 1629:Nazi Germany 1605:World War II 1573: 1571: 1551:Panzer Corps 1548: 1543: 1529: 1527:• XXXX Corps 1525:• XVII Corps 1523:• VIII Corps 1519: 1515:Panzer Corps 1512: 1509:Panzer Corps 1506: 1499: 1495:• XIII Corps 1491: 1447: 1425: 1397: 1363: 1322:Lublin–Brest 1280: 1269: 1263:Winter Storm 1262: 1255: 1243: 1196: 1099: 1092: 1073:Lake Balaton 1061: 1046:East Prussia 1035:Vistula–Oder 1033: 979: 972: 960: 906: 895:2nd Smolensk 872: 856: 839: 825: 818: 805: 783: 751: 730:Air war 1941 705: 668: 644:1st Smolensk 611: 600:Arctic Ocean 196:Soviet Union 180: 118: 117: 112:Belligerents 94: 44:World War II 38:Part of the 7515:Bodenplatte 7401:Gothic Line 6627:West Africa 6174:Philippines 6153:Netherlands 6018:Czech lands 5956:Switzerland 5900:Afghanistan 5851:Philippines 5719:Puerto Rico 5635:Philippines 5621:New Zealand 5607:Netherlands 5560:Free France 5311:Prosecution 5112:Osoaviakhim 4982:West Africa 4966:East Africa 4613:Conferences 4459:Konev, I. v 4256:. OUP USA. 3775:Glantz 1995 3703:Ziemke 1969 3594:Glantz 1995 3462:Tessin 1974 3450:Tessin 1973 3438:Tessin 1976 3426:Tessin 1973 3414:Tessin 1974 3313:October 11, 3286:Glantz 1995 3236:Ziemke 2002 3212:Frajdl 2007 3162:von Krosigk 3155:Karl Dönitz 2877:4th Armies 2783:80 aircraft 2123:and Polish 1780:Mulde River 1686:Alfred Jodl 1535:• LIX Corps 1497:• XII Corps 1459:• 60th Army 1457:• 38th Army 1455:• 18th Army 1441:• 53rd Army 1439:• 46th Army 1437:• 40th Army 1421:• 59th Army 1419:• 52nd Army 1417:• 31st Army 1415:• 28th Army 1413:• 21st Army 1411:• 13th Army 868:Gorky Blitz 863:3rd Kharkov 779:2nd Kharkov 681:1st Kharkov 676:Sea of Azov 7807:Categories 7615:West Hunan 7448:Pointblank 6784:Silver Fox 6770:Summer War 6523:Winter War 6502:Phoney War 6283:Azerbaijan 6244:Yugoslavia 6139:Luxembourg 5981:Resistance 5728:Yugoslavia 5593:Luxembourg 5395:Sook Ching 5191:War crimes 4793:Technology 4786:Opposition 4728:Lend-Lease 4705:Australian 4698:Home front 4656:Blitzkrieg 4606:Casualties 4597:Commanders 4569:Operations 4291:Liberation 4117:2013-07-02 3928:2024-07-30 3808:Lukes 2012 3748:Agnew 2004 3192:References 3159:Chancellor 3125:Bundeswehr 2996:Chronology 2945:Last stand 2760:Personnel 2696:Emil Hácha 2590:Czech Hell 2410:Ninth Army 2406:Strakonice 2360:5th Guards 2356:3rd Guards 2291:Ivan Konev 2218:VIII Corps 1810:Deployment 1656:Background 1533:• XI Corps 1487:Components 1393:Components 1281:Tidal Wave 1250:Stalingrad 1218:Sevastopol 992:2nd Baltic 987:Dukla Pass 974:Doppelkopf 946:2nd Crimea 890:2nd Donbas 880:1st Donbas 857:Polar Star 807:Stalingrad 691:Sevastopol 686:1st Crimea 629:1st Baltic 613:Barbarossa 590:Baltic Sea 330:Ivan Konev 7680:Manchuria 7566:Indochina 7342:Bagration 6793:Lithuania 6438:Anschluss 6235:Viet Minh 6132:Lithuania 6074:Hong Kong 5844:Manchukuo 5799:Azad Hind 5458:Australia 5258:Aftermath 5121:Paperclip 5016:Aftermath 4816:Total war 4684:Diplomacy 4647:In Europe 3197:Citations 3152:President 2774:Matériel 2603:Aftermath 2543:10–11 May 2526:partisans 2497:Podbořany 2465:Town Hall 2453:46th Army 2426:porcelain 2404:captured 2390:XII Corps 2226:XII Corps 2132:17th Army 1900:17th Army 1749:Waffen-SS 1587:romanized 1520:17th Army 1286:Bucharest 1244:Edelweiss 1191:Constanța 1186:Bucharest 1017:Gumbinnen 962:Bagration 801:Sinyavino 785:Case Blue 670:Leningrad 595:Black Sea 443:1,770,700 7791:Category 7740:document 7650:document 7507:Ardennes 7491:Budapest 7439:Crossbow 7317:Overlord 7156:Smolensk 6374:Timeline 6209:Slovakia 6195:Thailand 6046:Ethiopia 6011:Bulgaria 5935:Portugal 5873:Thailand 5755:Bulgaria 5533:Eswatini 5526:Ethiopia 5479:Bulgaria 5304:Unit 731 5265:Response 5082:Keelhaul 5032:Cold War 5005:Americas 4996:timeline 4989:Atlantic 4869:Theaters 4461:(1969), 4424:12 April 4308:12 April 4188:12 April 4170:12 April 4137:citation 3361:28 March 2916:See also 2880:139,500 2850:350,900 2836:613,400 2822:806,400 2805:Unit(s) 2663:Quisling 2443:and the 2375:6th Army 2155:8th Army 2127:Armies. 2089:7th Army 1980:3rd Army 1960:1st Army 1940:7th Army 1842:8th Army 1568:monument 1544:8th Army 1492:7th Army 1354:Budapest 1349:Debrecen 1062:Solstice 1022:Budapest 1012:Courland 1002:Debrecen 997:Belgrade 919:2nd Kiev 791:Caucasus 764:Demyansk 725:Chechnya 659:1st Kiev 413:Strength 160:Slovakia 75:Location 7717:Shumshu 7484:Hungary 7431:Estonia 7415:Lapland 7393:Dragoon 7326:Neptune 7308:Ichi-Go 7274:Tempest 7216:Changde 7171:Cottage 7063:Jubilee 6779:Finland 6677:Compass 6383:Prelude 6336:Finland 6222:Vietnam 6188:Romania 6060:Germany 6039:Estonia 6025:Denmark 6004:Belgium 5997:Austria 5990:Albania 5921:Ireland 5907:Andorra 5891:Neutral 5858:Romania 5792:Hungary 5777:Finland 5649:Romania 5541:Finland 5519:Denmark 5465:Belgium 5451:Algeria 5157:Romania 5143:Hungary 4899:Pacific 4623:General 4577:Leaders 4562:Battles 4555:Outline 4499:, P-Z: 4491:, G-O: 4483:, A-F: 3977:Sources 2894:48,400 2864:69,500 2853:11,529 2839:14,436 2825:23,383 2667:traitor 2597:Příbram 2570:Klatovy 2422:Meissen 2400:of the 2371:Breslau 2287:Antonov 2222:V Corps 2193:Breslau 2143:Olomouc 2136:Ostrava 2105:Benicke 2101:Schulze 2085:Moravia 2081:Bohemia 1791:Terrain 1601: 1589:: 1578:Russian 1297:Dnieper 1233:Kharkov 1197:München 1174:Treznea 1056:Breslau 1051:Silesia 956:Karelia 908:Dnieper 774:Bamberg 715:Finland 664:Tallinn 452:139,500 424:430,000 220:Romania 147:Hungary 135:Germany 7694:Debate 7666:Taipei 7659:Borneo 7237:Tarawa 6431:Europe 6392:Africa 6181:Poland 6167:Norway 6146:Malaya 6125:Latvia 6067:Greece 6053:France 5949:Sweden 5914:Bhutan 5642:Poland 5628:Norway 5600:Mexico 5567:Greece 5553:France 5491:Canada 5472:Brazil 5442:Allies 5388:Serbia 5377:Poland 5150:Poland 5136:Baltic 4929:Europe 4631:Topics 4583:Allied 4503: 4495: 4487: 4378: 4360: 4342: 4324: 4279: 4260: 4240: 4222: 4204: 4093: 4058: 4010: 3992: 3919: 3148:Hitler 2984:(1949) 2936:– 1945 2930:– 1945 2924:– 1945 2907:German 2883:1,730 2856:1,922 2842:2,406 2828:3,897 2739:Losses 2537:pocket 2358:, and 2330:Battle 2280:Zittau 2276:Vltava 2230:VE Day 2224:, and 2209:Stavka 2159:Vienna 2060:Prague 1668:attack 1364:Prague 1344:Păuliș 1317:Crimea 1256:Uranus 1223:Rostov 1208:Odessa 1169:Diosig 1100:Prague 1094:Berlin 1083:Vienna 900:Lenino 742:Lyuban 707:Moscow 696:Rostov 654:Odessa 499:49,348 479:18,000 470:48,400 461:69,500 303: 286: 232:Poland 217: 193: 182:Allies 157: 132: 91:Result 80:Prague 7470:Leyte 7300:Narva 7286:Anzio 7244:Makin 7202:Burma 7086:Torch 7055:Rzhev 7016:Kiska 6102:Korea 6088:Japan 6081:Italy 5963:Tibet 5942:Spain 5820:Italy 5581:Italy 5574:India 5498:China 5373:Japan 4973:Italy 4885:China 4837:Women 4164:(PDF) 4157:(PDF) 4036:(PDF) 4025:(PDF) 3184:1945. 2951:Notes 2562:Písek 2511:9 May 2482:8 May 2476:SHAEF 2416:7 May 2379:siege 2364:Riesa 2338:6 May 1339:Turda 1228:Kerch 941:Narva 914:Nevel 874:Kursk 840:Iskra 769:Kholm 753:Rzhev 720:Kerch 701:Gorky 634:Brody 619:Brest 508:1,730 433:9,370 7536:1945 7264:1944 7105:1943 7033:Blue 7023:Attu 6930:1942 6689:1941 6541:1940 6479:1939 6408:Asia 6255:POWs 6095:Jews 5813:Iraq 5739:Axis 5689:Tuva 5505:Cuba 4590:Axis 4501:ISBN 4493:ISBN 4485:ISBN 4426:2017 4376:ISBN 4358:ISBN 4340:ISBN 4322:ISBN 4310:2017 4277:ISBN 4258:ISBN 4238:ISBN 4220:ISBN 4202:ISBN 4190:2017 4172:2017 4143:link 4091:ISBN 4056:ISBN 4008:ISBN 3990:ISBN 3917:ISBN 3363:2017 3315:2020 2897:533 2886:288 2870:148 2867:887 2700:NKVD 2568:and 2560:and 2451:and 2434:52nd 2432:and 2430:28th 2388:and 2352:13th 2346:and 2274:and 2272:Elbe 2176:and 2166:Brno 2121:52nd 2103:and 2083:and 1765:and 1728:17th 1726:and 1714:and 1698:and 1599:lit. 1572:The 1238:Blue 1213:Azov 1203:Uman 1028:1945 925:1944 833:1943 819:Mars 736:1942 649:Uman 606:1941 174:POHG 120:Axis 65:Date 3157:or 2900:89 2730:'s 2489:OKW 2474:at 2348:4th 2344:3rd 2174:1st 2125:2nd 1724:8th 1720:7th 1716:4th 1712:1st 1700:1st 1696:4th 1631:'s 1623:of 535:300 526:533 517:887 42:of 7809:: 7284:/ 4412:, 4139:}} 4135:{{ 4027:, 3948:^ 3911:, 3815:^ 3782:^ 3755:^ 3740:^ 3725:^ 3710:^ 3695:^ 3668:^ 3651:^ 3613:^ 3586:^ 3524:^ 3493:^ 3478:^ 3394:^ 3301:. 3276:^ 3243:^ 3204:^ 3114:). 3107:; 3103:; 3099:, 3086:). 3082:, 3069:). 3065:, 3052:). 3048:; 3044:; 3040:, 3027:). 3023:; 3019:; 3015:; 3011:, 2669:. 2649:. 2599:. 2592:. 2576:. 2412:. 2354:, 2138:. 1735:SS 1722:, 1710:, 1596:, 1584:, 1580:: 1547:• 1511:• 1505:• 1284:, 82:, 6787:) 6781:( 5655:) 5651:( 5587:) 5583:( 5547:) 5543:( 5485:) 5481:( 4535:e 4528:t 4521:v 4473:( 4467:. 4266:. 4145:) 3970:. 3897:. 3885:. 3534:. 3332:) 3317:. 3214:. 2615:. 2552:( 2386:V 2206:( 1642:( 1576:( 1288:) 1278:( 1141:e 1134:t 1127:v 564:e 557:t 550:v 184:: 122:: 20:)

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Index