Plagiarism - Knowledge

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committing plagiarism. This is especially important when students move to a new institution that may have a different view of the concept when compared with the view previously developed by the student. Indeed, given the seriousness of plagiarism accusations for a student's future, the pedagogy of plagiarism education may need to be considered ahead of the pedagogy of the discipline being studied. The need for plagiarism education extends to academic staff, who may not completely understand what is expected of their students or the consequences of misconduct. Actions to reduce plagiarism include coordinating teaching activities to decrease student load, reducing memorization, increasing individual practical activities, and promoting positive reinforcement over punishment. A student may opt to plagiarize due to a lack of research methods, knowledge of citation practices, or an excessive workload. To eventually reduce plagiarism, students should be educated about the ethical and legal concerns surrounding these tools, and teachers should devise suitable and innovative assignments that require more independent thinking.

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credentials towards a more holistic approach. One such recommendation outlined by scholars is to turn students towards revision as opposed to plagiarism detection. This updated focus has culminated in the creation of sites such as Eli Review which is intended to facilitate improved writing through peer review. Educators have recognized the need for careful consideration when implementing plagiarism detection software in order to balance the promotion of academic integrity with maintaining a positive learning environment. This balancing act has been at the center of the pushback against traditional plagiarism detection systems, as educators have become increasingly aware of the potential negative impact of such technology on trust and privacy. This emphasis on striking a balance between these competing interests highlights the importance of thoughtful and nuanced approaches to addressing plagiarism in the academic context.

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that students are prone to plagiarizing and that instructors should use advanced techniques to uncover it. Such scrutiny can cause students to feel afraid and disempowered, as they may consider these tools as omnipotent monitors. The WriteCheck reviews demonstrate that students may be afraid of being caught, leading to writing with pressure and anxiety. These reviews highlight the power dynamics and the culture of fear around plagiarism in the classroom. Additionally, inherent power imbalances between instructors and students exist since students may feel obligated to submit their work to Turnitin for evaluation Furthermore, Turnitin endeavors to promote Western writing values globally. It inherently promotes standardized writing around the world, advancing Western ideas of authorship and EAE, which reinforce harmful ideologies that impact writing instructors.

1012:(ACM) have created policies that deal specifically with self-plagiarism. Other organizations do not make specific reference to self-plagiarism such as the American Political Science Association (APSA). The organization published a code of ethics that describes plagiarism as "...deliberate appropriation of the works of others represented as one's own." It does not make any reference to self-plagiarism. It does say that when a thesis or dissertation is published "in whole or in part", the author is "not ordinarily under an ethical obligation to acknowledge its origins." The American Society for Public Administration (ASPA) also published a code of ethics that says its members are committed to: "Ensure that others receive credit for their work and contributions", but it makes no reference to self-plagiarism. 4002:, graphic illustration, pastiche, imitation, thematic variation, parody, citation in a supporting or undermining context, false attribution (accidental or deliberate), plagiarism, collage, and many others. This zone of partial transformation, of derivation, of alternate restatement determines much of our sensibility and literacy. It is, quite simply, the matrix of culture. (p. 459) We could, in some measure, at least, come closer to a verifiable gradation of the sequence of techniques and aims, which leads from literal translation through paraphrases, mimesis, and pastiche to thematic variation. I have suggested that this sequence is the main axis of a literate culture, that a culture advances, spiralwise, via translations of its own canonic past. 671:

been argued that by plagiarizing, students cope with the negative consequences that result from academic procrastination such as poor grades. Another study found that plagiarism is more frequent if students perceive plagiarism as beneficial and if they have the opportunity to plagiarize. When students had expected higher sanctions and when they had internalized social norms that define plagiarism as very objectionable, plagiarism was less likely to occur. Another study found that students resorted to plagiarism in order to cope with heavy workloads imposed by teachers. On the other hand, in that study, some teachers also thought that plagiarism is a consequence of their own failure to propose creative tasks and activities.

1062:'s "Statement on Standards of Professional Conduct" (2005) regarding textbooks and reference books stated that, because textbooks and encyclopedias are summaries of other scholars' work, they are not bound by the same exacting standards of attribution as original research and may be allowed a greater "extent of dependence" on other works. However, even such a book does not make use of words, phrases, or paragraphs from another text or follow too closely the other text's arrangement and organization, and the authors of such texts are also expected to "acknowledge the sources of recent or distinctive findings and interpretations, those not yet a part of the common understanding of the profession." 344:. Although both terms may apply to a particular act, they are different concepts, and false claims of authorship generally constitute plagiarism regardless of whether the material is protected by copyright. Copyright infringement is a violation of the rights of a copyright holder, when material whose use is restricted by copyright is used without consent. Plagiarism, in contrast, is concerned with the unearned increment to the plagiarizing author's reputation, or the obtaining of academic credit, that is achieved through false claims of authorship. Thus, plagiarism is considered a moral offense against the plagiarist's audience (for example, a reader, listener, or teacher). 286:'s 7th book, he acknowledged his debt to earlier writers and attributed them, and he also included a strong condemnation of plagiarism: "Earlier writers deserve our thanks, those, on the contrary, deserve our reproaches, who steal the writings of such men and publish them as their own. Those, who depend in their writings, not on their own ideas, but who enviously do wrong to the works of others and boast of it, deserve not merely to be blamed, but to be sentenced to actual punishment for their wicked course of life." Vitruvius went on to claim that "such things did not pass without strict chastisement". He recounted a story where the well-read 722:

artificial intelligence to evaluate writing through the use of cutting-edge adaptive technology. The "Turnitin Scoring Engine" webpage outlines the rationale behind this technology, which mainly focuses on analyzing patterns in previously evaluated essays. By providing sample essays, the engine can accurately rate papers in just a few minutes. It assesses the readability of content and the writer's familiarity with the genre based on a comprehensive evaluation of word usage, genre conventions, and sentence structure. The final report page highlights sentences of plagiarism so that instructors can easily identify the corresponding content.

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including required writing courses and clearly articulated honor codes. Indeed, there is a virtually uniform understanding among college students that plagiarism is wrong. Nevertheless, each year a number of students are brought before their institutions' disciplinary boards on charges that they have misused sources in their schoolwork. However, the practice of plagiarizing by using sufficient word substitutions to elude detection software, known as rogeting, has rapidly evolved. "Rogeting" is an informal

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more outreach tend to be better supported. The generation of reports by Turnitin, which involves comparing and scoring vast amounts of student work, can potentially infringe on copyright laws. Turnitin monitors students to ensure that their work is original and unique, with this validation process being carried out by a supervising machine. However, this practice can result in unrestricted access to student data for teachers, institutions, and governments and lead to severe copyright infringement issues.

5209: 996:" within multiple articles (Blancett, Flanagin, & Young, 1995; Jefferson, 1998; Kassirer & Angell, 1995; Lowe, 2003; McCarthy, 1993; Schein & Paladugu, 2001; Wheeler, 1989). Roig (2002) has offered a useful classification system including four types of self-plagiarism: duplicate publication of an article in more than one journal; partitioning of one study into multiple publications, often called salami-slicing; text recycling; and copyright infringement. 680:

student plagiarism may be tempered by a recognition that students may not fully understand what plagiarism is. A 2015 study showed that students who were new to university study did not have a good understanding of even the basic requirements of how to attribute sources in written academic work, yet students were very confident that they understood what referencing and plagiarism are. The same students also had a lenient view of how plagiarism should be penalised.

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information from the internet without crediting the original author. Educational institutions often emphasize the importance of originality, proper citation, and academic integrity to combat plagiarism. They implement policies, educational programs, and tools like plagiarism detection software to discourage and detect instances of plagiarism. A 2012 survey of U.S. high schools found 32% of students admitted to copying an assignment from the Internet.

442: 951:. In addition there can be a copyright issue if copyright of the prior work has been transferred to another entity. Self-plagiarism is considered a serious ethical issue in settings where someone asserts that a publication consists of new material, such as in publishing or factual documentation. It does not apply to public-interest texts, such as social, professional, and cultural opinions usually published in newspapers and magazines. 54: 5197: 1023:, in 1994, identified several factors she says excuse reuse of one's previously published work, that make it not self-plagiarism. She relates each of these factors specifically to the ethical issue of self-plagiarism, as distinct from the legal issue of fair use of copyright, which she deals with separately. Among other factors that may excuse reuse of previously published material Samuelson lists the following: 5221: 712:

not use detection methods such as using text-matching software. A few more try to detect plagiarism by reading term-papers specifically for plagiarism, although the latter method might be not very effective in detecting plagiarism – especially when plagiarism from unfamiliar sources needs to be detected. There are checklists of tactics to prevent student plagiarism.

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instructors may interpret the same report with varying explanations. The extent of plagiarism can vary significantly, ranging from a single paragraph to multiple instances within a five to six page paper. Without a rigorous standard that defines plagiarism, instructors defining plagiarism based on their own understanding can lead to confusion and conflicts.

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property, and so to plagiarize would constitute copyright or intellectual property infringement. However, some consider plagiarism to have a deeper context in which writings are to be considered property, and hence a work's unlawful usage by plagiarists would constitute theft and has ethical implications in academia and elsewhere.

1091:, refers to falsely giving authorship credit over a work to a person who did not author it, or falsely claiming a source supports an assertion that the source does not make. Although both the term and activity are relatively rare, incidents of reverse plagiarism do occur typically in similar contexts as traditional plagiarism. 1040:

Samuelson states she has relied on the "different audience" rationale when attempting to bridge interdisciplinary communities. She refers to writing for different legal and technical communities, saying: "there are often paragraphs or sequences of paragraphs that can be bodily lifted from one article

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To minimize plagiarism in the digital era, it is crucial that students understand the definition of plagiarism and how important intellectual property rights are. Students should be aware that correct attribution is required to prevent the accusation of plagiarism and that the ethical and legal rules

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No universally adopted definition of academic plagiarism exists. However, this section provides several definitions to exemplify the most common characteristics of academic plagiarism. It has been called, "The use of ideas, concepts, words, or structures without appropriately acknowledging the source

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The reuse of significant, identical, or nearly identical portions of one's own work without acknowledging that one is doing so or citing the original work is sometimes described as "self-plagiarism"; the term "recycling fraud" has also been used to describe this practice. Articles of this nature are

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Though widely employed in high schools and universities, plagiarism detection tools create a delicate environment in the classroom, as they place instructors in the role of guardians of ethical principles, establishing an adversarial relationship between teachers and students. These tools presuppose

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Despite its technological advancements, Turnitin has some limitations. A Croatian study found that "small"-language (languages with less of a digital footprint) written material is not supported by the larger base of plagiarism-detection tools, and that languages with more of a digital footprint and

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Strategies faculty members use to detect plagiarism include carefully reading students work and making note of inconsistencies in student writing and of citation errors, and providing plagiarism prevention education to students. It has been found that a significant share of university instructors do

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Several studies investigated factors predicting the decision to plagiarize. For example, a panel study with students from German universities found that academic procrastination predicts the frequency plagiarism conducted within six months followed the measurement of academic procrastination. It has

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For professors and researchers, plagiarism is punished by sanctions ranging from suspension to termination, along with the loss of credibility and perceived integrity. Charges of plagiarism against students and professors are typically heard by internal disciplinary committees, by which students and

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to uncover potential plagiarism and to deter students from plagiarizing. However, plagiarism detection software does not always yield accurate results, and there are loopholes in these systems. Some universities address the issue of academic integrity by providing students with thorough orientation,

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Not all cultures and countries hold the same beliefs about personal ownership of language or ideas. In some cultures, the reiteration of another professional's work can be a sign of respect or flattery towards the person whose work is reiterated. Students who are from such countries and cultures and

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scrutiny of plagiarism is important to the debate on the ethics of plagiarism. Doctor Amy Robillard poses the metaphor that "plagiarism is theft", and believes that the ethics of that statement are important for schooling and academia. Work that has been plagiarized could be considered intellectual

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Plagiarism is also considered a moral offense against anyone who has provided the plagiarist with a benefit in exchange for what is specifically supposed to be original content (for example, the plagiarist's publisher, employer, or teacher). In such cases, acts of plagiarism may sometimes also form

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In academic fields, self-plagiarism occurs when authors reuse portions of their own published and copyrighted work in subsequent publications, but without attributing the previous publication. Identifying self-plagiarism is often difficult because limited reuse of material is accepted both legally

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Because journalism relies on the public trust, a reporter's failure to acknowledge sources honestly undercuts a newspaper or television news show's integrity and undermines its credibility. Journalists accused of plagiarism are often suspended from their reporting tasks while the charges are being

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Expanding accessibility and usage of the internet has a positive correlation with plagiarism. However, a Croatian study found that students were not more likely to plagiarize when using an electronic-writing medium. Easy access to information has made it much simpler for students to copy and paste

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The widespread use of artificial intelligence brings a lot of troubles to colleges. With ChatGPT's strong database and convenience, students who see much of the work assigned by professors as just busy work will complete the work via artificial intelligence. However, instead of banning the use of

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According to Patrick M. Scanlon, "self-plagiarism" is a term with some specialized currency. Most prominently, it is used in discussions of research and publishing integrity in biomedicine, where heavy publish-or-perish demands have led to a rash of duplicate and "salami-slicing" publication, the

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Samuelson describes misrepresentation as the basis of self-plagiarism. She also states "Although it seems not to have been raised in any of the self-plagiarism cases, copyrights law's fair use defense would likely provide a shield against many potential publisher claims of copyright infringement

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In the academic world, plagiarism by students is usually considered a very serious offense that can result in punishments such as a failing grade on the particular assignment, the entire course, or even being expelled from the institution. The seriousness with which academic institutions address

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Many scholars and members of academia have taken a negative position on the use of plagiarism detection technologies arguing that its use promotes a culture of surveillance and conformity in higher education. Many have called for a reevaluation of higher learning away from a focus on grades and

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Much art has been and is repetitive. The concept of absolute originality is a contemporary one, born with Romanticism; classical art was in vast measure serial, and the "modern" avant-garde (at the beginning of this century) challenged the Romantic idea of "creation from nothingness", with its

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raised global discussion about the impact of artificial intelligence on writing and plagiarism. One such innovation is the GPT-2 model, which is capable of generating coherent paragraphs and achieving high scores on various language modeling assessments. It can also perform basic tasks such as

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Furthermore, plagiarism detection systems (PDS), especially when used for grading purposes, have certain drawbacks. While Turnitin can identify matching texts, it does not provide a clear definition of plagiarism, leaving potential disputes for individual interpretation. For example, different

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When evaluating an article, Turnitin provides both formative and summative assessments. The formative assessment provides instructors with a basic evaluation of the student's level of achievement while the summative assessment is the final evaluative judgment of the writing. Turnitin utilizes

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judged a poetry competition and caught most of the contestants plagiarizing others' poems as their own. The king ordered the plagiarizers to confess that they were thieves, and they were condemned to disgrace. Although the story may be apocryphal, it shows that Vitruvius personally considered

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Sterne's Writings, in which it is clearly shewn, that he, whose manner and style were so long thought original, was, in fact, the most unhesitating plagiarist who ever cribbed from his predecessors in order to garnish his own pages. It must be owned, at the same time, that Sterne selects the

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In general, plagiarism detection systems deter rather than detect plagiarism, but they do not reflect the ultimate educational objectives. Given the serious consequences that plagiarism has for students, there has been a call for a greater emphasis on learning in order to help students avoid

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For example, Stephanie J. Bird argues that self-plagiarism is a misnomer, since by definition plagiarism concerns the use of others' material. Bird identifies the ethical issues of "self-plagiarism" as those of "dual or redundant publication". She also notes that in an educational context,

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called ChatGPT "nothing more than high-tech plagiarism". In contrast, others have proposed that "the essay is dead", declaring that artificial intelligence will transform academia and society. One scholar of plagiarism, Eaton, proposed the idea of a postplagiarism era, in which human and

718:, an internet-based plagiarism detection service, emerged as a digital platform in 1995 and quickly dominated the market. Turnitin serves more than 30 million students worldwide across over 10,000 institutions in 135 countries, and has been utilized by over 1.6 million instructors. 979:

Miguel Roig has written at length about the topic of self-plagiarism and his definition of self-plagiarism as using previously disseminated work is widely accepted among scholars of the topic. However, the term "self-plagiarism" has been challenged as being self-contradictory, an

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materials of his mosaic work with so much art, places them so well, and polishes them so highly, that in most cases we are disposed to pardon the want of originality, in consideration of the exquisite talent with which the borrowed materials are wrought up into the new form.

885:—"Immature poets imitate; mature poets steal. Bad poets deface what they take."—she notes that despite the "taboo" of plagiarism, the ill-will and embarrassment it causes in the modern context, readers seem to often forgive the past excesses of historic literary offenders. 687:

may occur. There has been historic concern about inconsistencies in penalties administered for university student plagiarism, and a plagiarism tariff was devised in 2008 for UK higher education institutions in an attempt to encourage some standardization of approaches.

771:, and reporters caught plagiarizing typically face disciplinary measures ranging from suspension to termination of employment. Some individuals caught plagiarizing in academic or journalistic contexts claim that they plagiarized unintentionally, by failing to include 932:, among others, claims that "good artists copy, great artists steal." Though this phrase appears to be praising artistic plagiarism, it is more commonly taken to refer to constructively iterating upon the work of others, and being transparent about one's influences. 3944:

Each of the types of repetition that we have examined is not limited to the mass media but belongs by right to the entire history of artistic creativity; plagiarism, quotation, parody, the ironic retake are typical of the entire artistic-literary tradition.

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it is the "... use of another's work, words, or ideas without attribution", which includes "... using a source's language without quoting, using information from a source without attribution, and paraphrasing a source in a form that stays too close to the

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A study showed that students warned about plagiarism and its penalties were less likely to plagiarize. Also, in that study, students who were intentionally avoiding plagiarism wrote less on average, which was suspected to lead to reduced quality of work.

3998:(p. 437) There is between 'translation proper' and 'transmutation' a vast terrain of 'partial transformation'. The verbal signs in the original message or statement are modified by one of a multitude of means or by a combination of means. These include 481:

it is the "use, without giving reasonable and appropriate credit to or acknowledging the author or source, of another person's original work, whether such work is made up of code, formulas, ideas, language, research, strategies, writing or other

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Because it is predicated upon an expected level of learning and comprehension having been achieved, all associated academic accreditation becomes seriously undermined if plagiarism is allowed to become the norm within academic submissions.

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to the other. And, in truth, I lift them." She refers to her own practice of converting "a technical article into a law review article with relatively few changes—adding footnotes and one substantive section" for a different audience.

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Patrzek, Justine; Sattler, Sebastian; van Veen, Floris; Grunschel, Carola; Fries, Stefan (3 July 2015). "Investigating the effect of academic procrastination on the frequency and variety of academic misconduct: a panel study".

76:(bottom). Doe, who is writing an essay about the Trojan War, has therefore committed plagiarism by attempting to pass off the writing as his own, without presentation as a quote, and without sourcing to the original article. 316:

Although plagiarism in some contexts is considered theft or stealing, the concept does not exist in a legal sense. The use of someone else's work in order to gain academic credit may however meet some legal definitions of

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Arce Espinoza, Lourdes; Monge Nájera, Julián (17 November 2015). "How to correct teaching methods that favour plagiarism: recommendations from teachers and students in a Spanish language distance education university".

988:"self-plagiarism" refers to the case of a student who resubmits "the same essay for credit in two different courses." As David B. Resnik clarifies, "Self-plagiarism involves dishonesty but not intellectual theft." 157:

offense. Plagiarism and copyright infringement overlap to a considerable extent, but they are not equivalent concepts, and although many types of plagiarism may not meet the legal requirements in copyright law as

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A demonstration of how an individual may replicate text from another source to intentionally deceive a reader into believing they wrote the text themselves. In this example, the introductory paragraph of the

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Critical Conversations About Plagiarism, Edited by Michael Donnelly, Rebecca Ingalls, Tracy Ann Morse, Joanna Castner Post, and Anne Meade Stockdell-Giesler (An edited journal with multiple articles)

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Sattler, Sebastian; Wiegel, Constantin; Veen, Floris van (2017). "The use frequency of 10 different methods for preventing and detecting academic dishonesty and the factors influencing their use".

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Bird, SJ (October 2002). "Self-plagiarism and dual and redundant publications: what is the problem? Commentary on 'Seven ways to plagiarize: handling real allegations of research misconduct'".

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the copies they produced bettered the price of the copied work by a thousand to one, their piracy of a less well-known artist's work would escape being sullied by an accusation of plagiarism.

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ChatGPT in academic study, some have suggested that professors use tools like ChatGPT in their teaching to create outlines, individualized lesson plans, and ideas for classroom activities.

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Sattler, Sebastian; Graeff, Peter; Willen, Sebastian (June 2013). "Explaining the Decision to Plagiarize: An Empirical Test of the Interplay Between Rationality, Norms, and Opportunity".

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Different classifications of academic plagiarism forms have been proposed. Many classifications follow a behavioral approach by seeking to classify the actions undertaken by plagiarists.

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This is an abridged version of Teddi Fishman's definition of plagiarism, which proposed five elements characteristic of plagiarism. According to Fishman, plagiarism occurs when someone:

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It is frequently claimed that people in antiquity had no concept of plagiarism, or at least did not condemn it, and that it only came to be seen as immoral much later, anywhere from the

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in the 18th century. Although people in antiquity found detecting plagiarism difficult due to long travel times and scarcity of literate persons, there are a considerable number of pre-

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The American Heritage Dictionary (5th ed.), defines plagiarize thus: “To reproduce or otherwise use the words, ideas, or other work of another as one’s own, or without attribution.”

1464: 4276: 400:, who uncovered the practice in papers submitted by his students, though there is no scholarly evidence of Rogeting more broadly, as little specific research has been conducted. 2791:

Eaton, S. E., Guglielmin, M., & Otoo, B. (2017). Plagiarism: Moving from punitive to pro-active approaches. In A. P. Preciado Babb, L. Yeworiew, & S. Sabbaghan (Eds.),

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Plagiarism is presumably not an issue when organizations issue collective unsigned works since they do not assign credit for originality to particular people. For example, the

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The court ordered Mr Koons, his business, and the Pompidou museum - which had exhibited the work in 2014 - to pay Mr Davidovici a total of €135,000 (£118,000) in compensation.

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Griffiths, P., & Kabir, M. N. (2019). ECIAIR 2019 European Conference on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics. Academic Conferences and publishing limited.

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A lot of schools don't teach anything about intellectual property rights, don't teach students about plagiarism, so when they come to university they have to be re-educated.

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Usages du copier-coller aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles : extraire, réemployer, recomposer : actes du colloque tenu à l’Université de Caen Normandie (14-15 mars 2019)

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With respect to the copying of individual elements, a defendant need not copy the entirety of the plaintiff's copyrighted work to infringe, and he need not copy verbatim.

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Derrida quotation: (p.40): "The boundaries between permissible and impermissible, imitation, stylistic plagiarism, copy, replica and forgery remain nebulous."

3163: 411:, to do their work for them. As of 2021, few parts of the world have legislation that prohibits the operation or the promotion of contract cheating services. 4031:

Arnau quotation: (p. 40) "The boundaries between permissible and impermissible, imitation, stylistic plagiarism, copy, replica and forgery remain nebulous."

589:, and from methods to capture plagiarism of ideas and structures. The typology categorizes plagiarism forms according to the layer of the model they affect: 2451:

George, Sarah; Costigan, Anne T.; O'Hara, Maria (2013). "Placing the Library at the Heart of Plagiarism Prevention: The University of Bradford Experience".

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Canzonetta, Jordan; Vani Kannan. (2016). Globalizing Plagiarism & Writing Assessment: A Case Study of Turnitin. Journal of Writing Assessment 09.2.

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Liu, Xiaojing; Liu, Shijuan; Lee, Seung-hee; Magjuka, Richard J. (2010). "Cultural Differences in Online Learning: International Student Perceptions".

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published by The Association of Illustrators (AOI), December 1999. Quotation: "Plagiarism may be a taboo in academia, but in art is almost essential."

1518: 1490: 4771: 967:) do not believe it is possible to plagiarize oneself. Critics of the concepts of plagiarism and copyright may use the idea of self-plagiarism as a 871:. These appropriation procedures are the main axis of a literate culture, in which the tradition of the canonic past is being constantly rewritten. 497:

it is the "deliberate" use of "someone else's language, ideas, or other original (not common-knowledge) material without acknowledging its source".

2160:"Sinister buttocks? Roget would blush at the crafty cheek Middlesex lecturer gets to the bottom of meaningless phrases found while marking essays" 4584: 1247: 3771:"Repurposing plagiarism detection services for responsible pedagogical application and (In)Formative assessment of source attribution practices" 6243: 1425: 1683:"Plagiarism, Norms, and the Limits of Theft Law: Some Observations on the Use of Criminal Sanctions in Enforcing Intellectual Property Rights" 1318:

Eaton, Sarah Elaine (August 2017). "Comparative Analysis of Institutional Policy Definitions of Plagiarism: A Pan-Canadian University Study".

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Publishing another's art as one's own is sometimes called "art theft", particularly online. This usage has little direct relationship to the

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Fashion designer John Galliano's company was ordered to pay 200,000 euros ($ 271,800) in damages to renowned U.S. photographer William Klein

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For cases of repeated plagiarism, or for cases in which a student commits severe plagiarism (e.g., purchasing an assignment), suspension or

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it is "... appropriating another person's ideas or words (spoken or written) without attributing those word or ideas to their true source".

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artificial-intelligence hybrid writing become normal. The impact of artificial intelligence on plagiarism has yet to be fully understood.

4683: 4624: 2364:"Dealing with Plagiarism in the Information Systems Research Community: A Look at Factors That Drive Plagiarism and Ways to Address Them" 1504: 1468: 1398:

Students caught submitting work that is not their own face serious penalties, which can include being thrown off their university course.

90:. Although precise definitions vary depending on the institution, in many countries and cultures plagiarism is considered a violation of 2900:"'We know it when we see it' is not good enough: toward a standard definition of plagiarism that transcends theft, fraud, and copyright" 2757:

Eaton, Sarah Elaine; Crossman, Katherine (August 2018). "Self-Plagiarism Research Literature in the Social Sciences: A Scoping Review".

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Tracey Bretag, Saadia Carapiet (2007). "A Preliminary Study to Identify the Extent of Self-Plagiarism in Australian Academic Research".

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Vie, Stephanie. (2013). A Pedagogy of Resistance Toward Plagiarism Detection Technologies. Computers and Composition 30.1 , 15-Mar.

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software, often resulting in the creation of new meaningless phrases through extensive synonym swapping. The term, a reference to

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The audience for each work is so different that publishing the same work in different places is necessary to get the message out.

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Roig, M. (2005). "Re-Using Text from One's Own Previously Published Papers: An Exploratory Study of Potential Self-Plagiarism".

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use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work

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reading comprehension, machine translation, question answering, and summarization. Currently, detectors of AI language such as

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it is "the use of the words, information, insights, or ideas of another without crediting that person through proper citation".

308: 5535: 2244:"Essay mills and other contract cheating services: to buy or not to buy and the consequences of students changing their minds" 1643:

Lynch, Jack (2002). "The Perfectly Acceptable Practice of Literary Theft: Plagiarism, Copyright, and the Eighteenth Century".

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Providing proper citations, but failing to change the structure and wording of the borrowed ideas enough (close paraphrasing).

5132: 5020: 4872: 3582: 3220: 3164:"Academic integrity: a quantitative study of confidence and understanding in students at the start of their higher education" 2879: 2639: 1998: 1560: 1374: 1270: 4063: 6019: 3999: 2180:

Mario Jarmasz, July, 2003. ROGET’S THESAURUS AS A LEXICAL RESOURCE FOR NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING. Thesis, Ottawa, Canada.

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Art Rogers, Plaintiff-Appellee-Cross-Appellant v. Jeff Koons Sonnabend Gallery, Inc., Defendants-Appellants-Cross-Appellees

98:, as well as social norms around learning, teaching, research, fairness, respect, and responsibility. As such, a person or 4146: 5527: 5082: 3900: 1009: 2542:

Howard, R. M. (2016). Plagiarism in Higher Education: An Academic Literacies Issue? – Introduction. In T. Bretag (Ed.),

1785: 445:

One form of academic plagiarism involves appropriating a published article and modifying it slightly to avoid suspicion.

6537: 6236: 5239: 4362: 3454:

Dawes, John (20 July 2018). "Practical Prevention of Plagiarism for University Faculty & Management – 14 Tactics".

1410: 964: 501: 4220: 5543: 5172: 4890:

Roose, K. (2023) Don't ban chatgpt in schools. teach with it., The New York Times. The New York Times. Available at:

4671: 3981:"transposition"... all the other possible terms (rewriting, rehandling, remake, revision, refection, recasting, etc.) 3876: 3615:

Dee, Thomas S.; Jacob, Brian A. (2012). "Rational Ignorance in Education: A Field Experiment in Student Plagiarism".

1851: 1795: 1541: 264: 4233: 3355:

Atkins, Thomas; Gene Nelson. (2001). Plagiarism and the internet: Turning the tables. English Journal 90.4, 101-104.

433:

There is a moral implication to plagiarism in that it takes for granted other people's time, work, and effort. This

3346:

Young, Jeffrey R. (2001). Plagiarism and plagiarism detection go high tech. Chronicle of Higher Education (July 6).

3194: 5201: 1361: 1292:

The action or practice of taking someone else's work, idea, etc., and passing it off as one's own; literary theft.

388:

created to describe the act of modifying a published source by substituting synonyms for sufficient words to fool

4846:

Marche, S. (2022, December 6). The College Essay Is Dead: Nobody is prepared for how AI will transform academia.

1059: 1036:

The author thinks they said it so well the first time that it makes no sense to say it differently a second time.

783:, where articles appear as electronic text, has made the physical act of copying the work of others much easier. 5831: 5127:(in Swedish and English) (1st ed.). Stockholm, Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology. pp. 86–167. 3373: 2921: 1981:

Newton, Philip M.; Lang, Christopher (2016). "Custom Essay Writers, Freelancers, and Other Paid Third Parties".

419:

professors have agreed to be bound. Plagiarism is a common reason for academic research papers to be retracted.

4255: 1215: 31: 4891: 3548:

Rethinking Pedagogy: How the Implementation of Transformative Teaching and Learning Can Help Reduce Plagiarism

102:

that is determined to have committed plagiarism is often subject to various punishments or sanctions, such as

6229: 5865: 5578: 5321: 4772:"The intersection of copyright and plagiarism and the monitoring of student work by educational institutions" 2403: 337:. In short, people are asked to use the guideline, "if you did not write it yourself; you must give credit". 5213: 4431:"Avoiding Plagiarism, Self-plagiarism, and Other Questionable Writing Practices: A Guide to Ethical Writing" 4421:"Avoiding plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and other questionable writing practices: A guide to ethical writing" 3565:

Serviss, Tricia (2015). "Creating Faculty Development Programming to Prevent Plagiarism: Three Approaches".

2433: 254:

authors who accused others of plagiarism and considered it distasteful and scandalous, including historians

6306: 5499: 5163:

Doing Honest Work in College: How to Prepare Citations, Avoid Plagiarism, and Achieve Real Academic Success

334: 4786: 4730: 2557: 2497: 6419: 5225: 515: 20: 4950: 4852:

https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2022/12/chatgpt-ai-writing-college-student-essays/672371/

3818:

Stebelman, Scott. (1998). Cybercheating: Dishonesty goes digital. American Libraries (September), 48-50.

1657:"The Perfectly Acceptable Practice of Literary Theft: Plagiarism, Copyright, and the Eighteenth Century" 779:. Although plagiarism in scholarship and journalism has a centuries-old history, the development of the 430:

Scholars of plagiarism include Rebecca Moore Howard, Susan Blum, Tracey Bretag, and Sarah Elaine Eaton.

4494:

Andreescu, Liviu (November 2012). "Self-Plagiarism in Academic Publishing: The Anatomy of a Misnomer".

1682: 859:. There is no rigorous and precise distinction between practices like imitation, stylistic plagiarism, 809: 473:

Furthermore, plagiarism is defined differently among institutions of higher learning and universities:

3731: 162:

by courts, they still constitute the passing-off of another's work as one's own, and thus plagiarism.

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The previous work must be restated to lay the groundwork for a new contribution in the second work.

233: 5122: 1004:

Some academic journals have codes of ethics that specifically refer to self-plagiarism (e.g., the

6542: 6097: 5876: 4823:"Noam Chomsky on ChatGPT: It's "Basically High-Tech Plagiarism" and "a Way of Avoiding Learning"" 1891: 1100: 960: 103: 86:

is the representation of another person's language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions as one's own

4927: 4708: 6315: 6276: 6252: 6168: 6148: 4742: 4091: 2325: 2017: 1149: 993: 341: 326: 142: 138: 4691: 3471: 2242:

Draper, Michael; Lancaster, Thomas; Dann, Sandie; Crockett, Robin; Glendinning, Irene (2021).

6195: 6163: 5760: 4752: 4649: 4459:

Broome, M (November 2004). "Self-plagiarism: Oxymoron, fair use, or scientific misconduct?".

3652:"Formative feedback within plagiarism education: Is there a role for text-matching software?" 3257: 2525: 1714: 1210: 941: 820: 684: 2040: 565:

Relying too heavily on other people's work, failing to bring original thought into the text.

166:

who move to the United States or other Western countries (where plagiarism is frowned upon)

5870: 5661: 4916: 2073: 1169: 1104: 968: 948: 574: 494: 397: 393: 389: 380: 373: 251: 243: 107: 27: 4628: 3961: 3683: 3394: 2984: 577:

derived a four-leven typology of academic plagiarism, from the total words of a language (

8: 6547: 6527: 6501: 6450: 6320: 6205: 6158: 6153: 6133: 5894: 5755: 5583: 5494: 5289: 5262: 4420: 836: 832: 768: 578: 478: 369: 269: 95: 4106: 4088: 2793:

Selected Proceedings of the IDEAS Conference 2017: Leading Educational Change Conference

2077: 541:

Taking passages from their own previous work without adding citations (self-plagiarism).

6335: 6069: 5882: 5671: 5457: 4562: 4519: 4401: 4341: 4197: 4172: 3882: 3865: 3798: 3632: 3436: 3329: 3186: 3144: 3105: 3070: 2825: 2774: 2696: 2669: 2604: 2577: 2517: 2478: 2384: 2343: 2275: 2099: 2045: 1953: 1766: 1702: 1613: 1573: 1343: 840: 349: 330: 299: 91: 1818: 1770: 1030:

Portions of the previous work must be repeated to deal with new evidence or arguments.

372:

or academic fraud, and offenders are subject to academic censure, up to and including

6506: 6434: 6409: 6296: 6113: 5742: 5568: 5411: 5366: 5341: 5284: 5168: 5161: 5128: 5016: 4868: 4667: 4609: 4554: 4511: 4476: 4393: 4202: 3872: 3845: 3841: 3802: 3790: 3751: 3636: 3578: 3467: 3440: 3321: 3313: 3292:

Bilic-Zulle, Lidija; Azman, Josip; Frkovic, Vedran; Petrovecki, Mladen (2008-03-01).

3269: 3190: 3148: 3109: 3074: 2875: 2778: 2742: 2701: 2635: 2612: 2608: 2279: 2091: 1994: 1847: 1791: 1710: 1706: 1567:

No plagiarist can excuse the wrong by showing how much of his work he did not pirate.

1537: 1370: 1347: 1335: 1266: 657: 570: 404: 247: 4993: 4663: 4566: 4523: 4345: 4173:"Frequently asked questions regarding self-plagiarism: How to avoid recycling fraud" 3333: 2948: 2482: 2347: 2103: 6424: 6414: 6368: 6266: 5816: 5781: 5489: 5462: 5437: 5396: 5386: 5336: 5062: 5030: 4605: 4546: 4503: 4468: 4405: 4385: 4333: 4314: 4192: 4184: 4103: 3837: 3782: 3743: 3710:

Young, Jeffrey (July 6, 2001). "Plagiarism and plagiarism detection go high tech".

3663: 3624: 3574: 3570: 3459: 3428: 3305: 3178: 3136: 3097: 3062: 3032: 2997: 2867: 2817: 2795:(pp. 28-36). Calgary, Canada: Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary. 2766: 2737: 2691: 2681: 2569: 2509: 2468: 2460: 2415: 2376: 2335: 2298: 2265: 2255: 2195: 2135: 2081: 1986: 1694: 1656: 1327: 1220: 1185: 1139: 1075: 1020: 917: 904: 856: 828: 813: 508: 4472: 3908: 3886: 3747: 3432: 3231: 3182: 2843:

Robillard, Amy (2009). "Pass It On: Revising the "Plagiarism is Theft" Metaphor".

1844:

Forgery and Counterforgery: The Use of Literary Deceit in Early Christian Polemics

42: 6351: 6281: 6173: 5988: 5983: 5963: 5811: 5750: 5694: 5563: 5452: 4954: 4923: 4756: 4277:"Roig, M. (2010). Plagiarism and self-plagiarism: What every author should know. 4067: 3140: 3101: 3066: 2686: 2464: 2026: 1990: 1260: 899: 894: 486: 420: 259: 5796: 2972: 2871: 2529: 1918: 1159: 466:

In a situation in which there is a legitimate expectation of original authorship

396:, coined by Chris Sadler, principal lecturer in business information systems at 6552: 6032: 5625: 5593: 5504: 5361: 5331: 5326: 5156: 5097: 5088: 5073: 4911: 4433:. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services: Office of Research Integrity. 4188: 4120: 3770: 2260: 2243: 2140: 2123: 2086: 2061: 1225: 1079: 824: 111: 69: 4550: 4507: 3786: 3598: 3309: 2796: 2770: 1393: 1369:(3rd ed.). Delaware: International Center for Academic Integrity . 2021. 1331: 6521: 6404: 6210: 6108: 5973: 5968: 5938: 5923: 5806: 5651: 5603: 5406: 5391: 5311: 4171:

Dellavalle, Robert P.; Banks, Marcus A.; Ellis, Jeffrey I. (September 2007).

3948:

techniques of collage, mustachios on the Mona Lisa, art about art, and so on.

3794: 3755: 3317: 3273: 2654:

Blum, S. D. (2016). What it means to be a student today. In T. Bretag (Ed.),

1890: 1339: 1175: 921: 504:

it is the use of "a writer's ideas or phraseology without giving due credit".

303: 189: 167: 87: 5231: 4731:"Academic dishonesty and misconduct: Curbing plagiarism in the Muslim world" 3293: 2899: 1565:(Court case). Vol. 81. F.2d 49. 1936-01-17 – via Court Listener. 321:. "Plagiarism" specifically is not mentioned in any current statute, either 6200: 5801: 5630: 5573: 5447: 5442: 5351: 5306: 4892:

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/12/technology/chatgpt-schools-teachers.html

4865:

Plagiarism in Higher Education: Tackling Tough Topics in Academic Integrity

4558: 4515: 4480: 4397: 4389: 4206: 3849: 3668: 3651: 3325: 2705: 2270: 2095: 1154: 1121: 646: 469:

In order to obtain some benefit, credit, or gain which need not be monetary

376:

for students and termination of contracts for professors and researchers.

322: 209: 159: 146: 115: 99: 4337: 2339: 1426:"Jeff Koons found guilty of plagiarism over multi-million-pound sculpture" 839:, incorporation, retelling, rewriting, recapitulation, revision, reprise, 6480: 6271: 6190: 5978: 5928: 5911: 5776: 5732: 5588: 5401: 5102: 5034: 4979: 4961: 4907: 3628: 3463: 3294:"Is There an Effective Approach to Deterring Students from Plagiarizing?" 2419: 1839: 1195: 1071: 925: 882: 623: 353: 126: 53: 5208: 3544: 3392: 2388: 1957: 1941: 1698: 665: 6475: 6429: 6356: 6286: 6221: 6009: 5933: 5656: 5294: 4596:

Scanlon, PM (2007). "Song from myself: an anatomy of self-plagiarism".

2949:"Defining and Avoiding Plagiarism: The WPA Statement on Best Practices" 2124:"The Responsible Plagiarist: Understanding Students Who Misuse Sources" 1926: 1899: 1164: 929: 800: 764: 628: 434: 408: 205: 65: 4041: 3828:

Kroger, Manfred (May 2010). "Editorial: Some Thoughts on Plagiarism".

2829: 2581: 2521: 2473: 2293:

Cully, Philip (2013). "Plagiarism Avoidance in Academic Submissions".

2217:"Rogeting: why 'sinister buttocks' are creeping into students' essays" 755:

that apply to printed materials also apply to electronic information.

5958: 5906: 5786: 5727: 5615: 5416: 5371: 5356: 5346: 2380: 1099:

The increase in plagiarism can also be attributed to developments in

875: 805: 772: 651: 586: 463:

Without attributing the work to the source from which it was obtained

441: 385: 283: 61: 6325: 3399:

International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research

3037: 3020: 2936:"What is Plagiarism? | Poorvu Center for Teaching and Learning" 2302: 312:, 6th Edition, 1758, an attempted defense against rampant plagiarism 6383: 6373: 6178: 6064: 5888: 5860: 5791: 5717: 5702: 5610: 3732:"A Pedagogy of Resistance Toward Plagiarism Detection Technologies" 2821: 2616: 2573: 2513: 1743: 981: 956: 848: 780: 776: 715: 612: 531: 368:, plagiarism by students, professors, or researchers is considered 365: 255: 73: 5039:

American art in the 20th century: painting and sculpture 1913–1993

1505:"Why Belgium's plagiarism verdict on Luc Tuymans is beyond parody" 827:

in general, works of art are to a large extent repetitions of the

6378: 6103: 6077: 5821: 5646: 5620: 5484: 5196: 5045:

Literary ethics: a study in the growth of the literary conscience

3291: 3019:

Foltýnek, Tomáš; Meuschke, Norman; Gipp, Bela (21 January 2020).

1942:"Literary Theft and Roman Water Rights in Manilius' Second Proem" 1117: 1112: 868: 864: 860: 852: 550:

Interweaving various sources together in the work without citing.

193: 5013:

A Theory of Parody: The Teachings of Twentieth-Century Art Forms

3554:. 10th Annual International Conference on Teaching and Learning. 1519:"Jeff Koons plagiarised French photographer for Naked sculpture" 1465:"Polish professor could face three-year sentence for plagiarism" 1411:"Daily News fires editor after Shaun King accused of plagiarism" 16:

Using another author's work as if it was one's own original work

6470: 6291: 5826: 5712: 5707: 5598: 5381: 5316: 5220: 3051: 3021:"Academic Plagiarism Detection: A Systematic Literature Review" 1205: 1190: 844: 582: 212:

to describe someone guilty of literary theft. The derived form

196:, who complained that another poet had "kidnapped his verses". 154: 4042:"Tips to Avoid Art Plagiarism Toward Becoming a Better Artist" 2121: 1729:"The Difference Between Copyright Infringement and Plagiarism" 1599: 1045:

against authors who reused portions of their previous works."

6465: 6455: 6330: 5918: 5899: 5376: 4309: 4307: 4305: 4303: 4301: 2904:

4th Asia Pacific Conference on Educational Integrity (4APCEI)

1108: 608: 534:

identified 10 main forms of plagiarism that students commit:

318: 279: 273: 179: 134: 130: 122: 5011:

Hutcheon, Linda (1985). "3. The Pragmatic Range of Parody".

4947: 4147:"An Artist Explains What "Great Artists Steal" Really Means" 1917: 6460: 6185: 6052: 4627:. Journal of International Business Studies. Archived from 2241: 1394:"University bosses call for ban on essay-writing companies" 352:

of the plagiarist's contract, or, if done knowingly, for a

150: 5167:(2nd ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. 4779:

Australia & New Zealand Journal of Law & Education

4583:, London: Routledge. p.177, notes to chapter six, note 3. 4298: 2498:"Plagiarisms, Authorships, and the Academic Death Penalty" 2122:

Abigail Lipson & Sheila M. Reindl (July–August 2003).

544:

Re-writing someone's work without properly citing sources.

306:'s signature at the top of the first chapter of her book, 5051:

pp. 133–40 (public domain work, author died in 1934)

4094:

Vol. 26 No. 23 · 2 December 2004 pages 34–35 | 4103 words

3364: 3125: 2595:

Howard, Rebecca Moore (1992). "A Plagiarism Pentimento".

1976: 1974: 959:) and ethically. Many people (mostly, but not limited to 556:

Melding together cited and uncited sections of the piece.

530:

For example, a 2015 survey of teachers and professors by

216:

was introduced into English around 1620. The Latin words

188:(literally "kidnapper") to denote copying someone else's 5059:

The RSC Shakespeare – William Shakespeare Complete Works

2558:"Sexuality, Textuality: The Cultural Work of Plagiarism" 2450: 2316:

Kock, Ned (July 1999). "A case of academic plagiarism".

1946:

Materiali e Discussioni per l'Analisi dei Testi Classici

1265:. Assoc. of College & Resrch Libraries. p. 65. 553:

Citing some, but not all, passages that should be cited.

450:

to benefit in a setting where originality is expected."

4256:"The Plague of Plagiarism: Academic Plagiarism Defined" 3599:"Cheating university students face FBI-style crackdown" 3388: 3386: 4448:. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 4221:"Allow me to rephrase, and boost my tally of articles" 4044:. CIIT College of Arts and Technology. 22 October 2018 3991: 3989: 1971: 697: 4664:"A Guide to Professional Ethics in Political Science" 3830:

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety

2404:"Plagiarism by Academics: More Complex Than It Seems" 1491:"Ex-VC of DU sent to jail for 'plagiarism', released" 1448:"Fashion designer Galliano fined for copying imagery" 666:

Factors influencing students' decisions to plagiarize

460:

Attributable to another identifiable person or source

4170: 3383: 3018: 1094: 607:

Technical disguise (e.g., using identically looking

407:" involves students paying someone else, such as an 4007: 3986: 3545:Colella-Sandercock, J. A.; Alahmadi, H. W. (2016). 3393:Colella-Sandercock, J. A.; Alahmadi, H. W. (2015). 3087: 2985:

USNA Statements on Plagiarism - Avoiding Plagiarism

2808:Malloch, A. E. (1976). "A Dialogue on Plagiarism". 2041:"Plagiarism Lines Blur for Students in Digital Age" 888: 698:

Plagiarism § Impact of artificial intelligence

674: 204:, was introduced into English in 1601 by dramatist 5160: 5148:Lallemand, M.-G., & Speyer, M. (Eds). (2021). 3864: 3395:"Plagiarism education: Strategies for instructors" 3218: 2670:"Challenges in Addressing Plagiarism in Education" 2408:Journal of the Association for Information Systems 2362: 2062:"Plagiarism detectors are a crutch, and a problem" 1424: 26:For Knowledge policies concerning plagiarism, see 5120: 3418: 1258: 916:A common turn of phrase, variously attributed to 423:is developing approaches to address the issue of 6519: 4709:"Statement on Standards of Professional Conduct" 3684:"NCTE - National Council of Teachers of English" 3367:"Report Card 2012: The Ethics of American Youth" 2632:My word! Plagiarism and academic college culture 2209: 1846:. Oxford University Press. p. 65–67. 1756: 1120:have been introduced to cope with this problem. 903:condemns plagiarism by resorting to plagiarism. 173: 5155: 5121:Carroll, Jude; Zetterling, Carl-Mikael (2009). 4662:American Political Science Association (2008). 4357: 4355: 4016: 3928: 3926: 3656:International Journal for Educational Integrity 3650:Davis, Mary; Carroll, Jude (12 December 2009). 3171:Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education 3129:Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education 2248:International Journal for Educational Integrity 1759:Journal of Educational Technology & Society 1536:. Practising Law Institute. p. §1:1, 1–2. 1008:). Some professional organizations such as the 522: 153:. In academia and in industry, it is a serious 4177:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 3962:"Petrarch's Apes: Originality, Plagiarism and" 3905:Famous Plagiarists.com / War On Plagiarism.org 3414: 3412: 2117: 2115: 2113: 1053: 6237: 5557:Cinema / television / video 5261: 5247: 4711:. American Historical Association. 2005-01-06 4446:"On Reusing Our Previously Disseminated Work" 3978:Genette note 3 to ch. 7, p. 433. quotation: 3862: 2756: 2731: 2546:(pp. 499-501). Singapore: Springer Singapore. 1787:Etymological Dictionary of the Latin Language 1742:Introna, Lucas; Wood, Elspeth (August 2003). 1562:Sheldon v. Metro-Goldwyn Pictures Corporation 1259:Stepchyshyn, Vera; Nelson, Robert S. (2007). 1015: 6091:Palimpsests: Literature in the Second Degree 4999:Palimpsests: literature in the second degree 4990:, pp. 83–100, excerpt; link unavailable 4352: 3923: 3649: 2893: 2891: 1911: 1909: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1670: 1313: 1311: 1309: 1239: 4934:, English translation 2004 by Jeff Fort as 4595: 4025: 3409: 2862:Gipp, Bela (2014). "Plagiarism Detection". 2797:https://prism.ucalgary.ca/handle/1880/52096 2360: 2110: 2059: 1866: 1741: 547:Using quotations but not citing the source. 223: 217: 183: 6244: 6230: 5254: 5240: 4769: 4688:American Society for Public Administration 3768: 3219:Tennant, Peter; Rowell, Gill (2009–2010). 2987:US Naval Academy, Retrieved April 5, 2017. 2012: 2010: 1980: 1638: 1636: 1248:Random House Compact Unabridged Dictionary 992:reporting of a single study's results in " 795: 4746: 4650:"ACM Policy and Procedures on Plagiarism" 4622: 4493: 4363:"Reverse Plagiarism? Or, Did I Say That?" 4313: 4196: 3667: 3036: 2888: 2842: 2741: 2695: 2685: 2472: 2329: 2269: 2259: 2139: 2085: 1906: 1872:Das Plagiat in der griechischen Literatur 1667: 1531: 1388: 1386: 1306: 1006:Journal of International Business Studies 6251: 5010: 4729:Moten, Abdul Rashid (30 December 2014). 4443: 4418: 4375: 4271: 4269: 4118: 4107:The vicar of Wakefield: a tale, Volume 5 3867:My Word!: Plagiarism and College Culture 3614: 3531: 3529: 3527: 3525: 3523: 3513: 3511: 3509: 3507: 3505: 3503: 3501: 3499: 2634:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. 2153: 2151: 1363:Fundamental Values of Academic Integrity 799: 596:Verbatim copying without proper citation 440: 298: 232:("snare", "net"), which is based on the 121:Plagiarism is typically not in itself a 4886: 4884: 4808: 4806: 4703: 4701: 4144: 3995:Steiner (1998) pp. 437, 459 quotation: 3564: 3489: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3121: 3119: 2897: 2807: 2189: 2038: 2007: 1806:, quotation: "the crime of kidnapping." 1777: 1744:"Cultural attitudes towards plagiarism" 1633: 1559: 1534:Substantial similarity in copyright law 1181:List of scientific misconduct incidents 974: 787:investigated by the news organization. 767:, plagiarism is considered a breach of 733: 706: 691: 538:Submitting someone's work as their own. 6520: 4581:The Ethics of Science: an introduction 4458: 4253: 4223:. Times Higher Education. 3 July 2008. 3953: 3827: 3255: 3161: 2975:. Brown University Library. 2012-07-27 2855: 2667: 2594: 2555: 2495: 2401: 1838: 1784:Valpy, Francis Edward Jackson (2005). 1383: 309:The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy 68:(top) has been copy-and-pasted into a 6225: 5235: 5124:Guiding students away from plagiarism 4862: 4728: 4266: 3935: 3814: 3812: 3725: 3723: 3721: 3709: 3705: 3703: 3520: 3496: 3453: 3287: 3285: 3283: 2920:. Stanford University. Archived from 2292: 2157: 2148: 1915: 1783: 1680: 1654: 1642: 1317: 1279: 1065: 403:Another form of plagiarism known as " 4881: 4803: 4698: 4536: 3478: 3116: 2963:. Emory: Oxford College. 2012-07-27. 2898:Fishman, Teddi (30 September 2009). 2861: 2629: 2556:Howard, Rebecca Moore (March 2000). 2453:New Review of Academic Librarianship 2315: 1939: 1888: 1048: 4867:. USA: ABC Clio. pp. 221–222. 4145:Douglas, Nick (26 September 2017). 4119:Lapointe, Grace (9 December 2021). 4013:Haywood (1987) p.109, quoting Arnau 3769:Canzonetta, Jordan (October 2021). 3729: 3230:. iParadigms Europe. Archived from 2864:Citation-based Plagiarism Detection 2668:Bretag, Tracey (31 December 2013). 2658:(pp. 383-406). Singapore: Springer. 2361:Kock, Ned; Davison, Robert (2003). 2190:Schuman, Rebecca (14 August 2014). 1790:. Adegi Graphics LLC. p. 345. 1172:(plagiarism, fabrication, omission) 1010:Association for Computing Machinery 835:belong plagiarism, literary theft, 804:Comparison of a woodblock print by 457:Uses words, ideas, or work products 178:In the 1st century, the use of the 13: 5114: 3959: 3809: 3718: 3700: 3349: 3280: 2951:. Princeton University. 2012-07-27 2060:Weber-Wulff, Debora (2019-03-27). 999: 947:often referred to as duplicate or 935: 638:Appropriation of ideas or concepts 502:Oxford College of Emory University 333:or a violation of the doctrine of 14: 6564: 5189: 5152:. Presses universitaires de Caen. 3712:The Chronicle of Higher Education 1893:Lives of the Eminent Philosophers 1467:. 5 December 2012. Archived from 1433:from the original on 2022-01-11. 1095:Impact of artificial intelligence 593:Characters-preserving plagiarism 265:Lives of the Eminent Philosophers 228:("kidnapping") have the same root 168:may find the transition difficult 5219: 5207: 5195: 5083:The Franklin's Prologue and Tale 4856: 4840: 4815: 4763: 4722: 4676: 4666:. Second Edition. Section 21.1. 4656: 4642: 4616: 4589: 4573: 4530: 4487: 4452: 4437: 4412: 4369: 4247: 4226: 4213: 4164: 4138: 4112: 4097: 4081: 4056: 4034: 3972: 3842:10.1111/j.1541-4337.2010.00113.x 2722:. Singapore: Springer Singapore. 1681:Green, Stuart (1 January 2002). 889:Praisings of artistic plagiarism 758: 675:Sanctions for student plagiarism 620:Semantics-preserving plagiarism 294: 192:was pioneered by the Roman poet 52: 41: 4910:Translation from the German by 4022:Eco (1987) p.202, quoting Arnau 3893: 3856: 3821: 3762: 3676: 3643: 3608: 3591: 3558: 3538: 3447: 3365:Josephson Institute of Ethics. 3358: 3340: 3249: 3212: 3162:Newton, Philip (2 April 2016). 3155: 3081: 3045: 3012: 2990: 2978: 2966: 2954: 2942: 2928: 2910: 2836: 2801: 2785: 2750: 2725: 2712: 2661: 2648: 2623: 2588: 2549: 2536: 2489: 2444: 2426: 2402:Clarke, Roger (February 2006). 2395: 2354: 2309: 2286: 2235: 2183: 2174: 2053: 2039:Gabriel, Trip (1 August 2010). 2032: 1933: 1882: 1860: 1832: 1811: 1750: 1735: 1721: 1593: 1553: 1525: 1511: 1497: 1483: 1457: 1060:American Historical Association 329:. Some cases may be treated as 5212:Learning materials related to 4948:Plagiarism and College Culture 4936:For what tomorrow—: a dialogue 4901: 4770:Wyburn, Mary; MacPhail, John. 4539:Science and Engineering Ethics 4496:Science and Engineering Ethics 4319:"Self-plagiarism or fair use?" 3575:10.1007/978-981-287-079-7_73-1 3567:Handbook of Academic Integrity 3298:Science and Engineering Ethics 2720:Handbook of Academic Integrity 2656:Handbook of academic integrity 2544:Handbook of Academic Integrity 2496:Howard, Rebecca Moore (1995). 1983:Handbook of Academic Integrity 1876:Plagiarism in Greek literature 1440: 1417: 1403: 1354: 1297: 1216:Scientific plagiarism in India 876:theft of physical works of art 847:, imitation, stylistic theft, 790: 359: 340:Plagiarism is not the same as 32:Knowledge:Copyright violations 1: 6020:Pierre Menard, Author of the 5866:Archetypal literary criticism 5426:Literature / theatre 5029:Joachimides, Christos M. and 4473:10.1016/j.outlook.2004.10.001 3748:10.1016/j.compcom.2013.01.002 3738:. Writing on the Frontlines. 3730:Vie, Stephanie (2013-03-01). 3433:10.1080/03075079.2015.1085007 3221:"Benchmark Plagiarism Tariff" 3183:10.1080/02602938.2015.1024199 2192:"Cease Rogeting Proximately!" 2158:Grove, Jack (7 August 2014). 1819:"Online Etymology Dictionary" 1645:Colonial Williamsburg Journal 1232: 601:Syntax-preserving plagiarism 562:Inaccurately citing a source. 381:plagiarism detection software 272:was accused of plagiarizing ( 262:. The 3rd century Greek work 174:Etymology and ancient history 5832:Source criticism in the arts 5500:Readymades of Marcel Duchamp 4988:The limits of interpretation 4974:The limits of interpretation 4920:. Little, Brown and Company. 3941:Eco (1990) p. 95 quotation: 3871:. Cornell University Press. 3372:. p. 46. Archived from 3256:Hansen, Brian (2003-09-19). 3141:10.1080/02602938.2014.966053 3102:10.1080/01639625.2012.735909 3067:10.1080/03075079.2013.854765 2687:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001574 2465:10.1080/13614533.2013.800756 1991:10.1007/978-981-287-098-8_38 571:systematic literature review 523:Forms of academic plagiarism 7: 6497:Articulation (sociological) 6033:Reality Hunger: A Manifesto 5093:Readings in medieval poetry 4894:(Accessed: March 13, 2023). 4444:Roig, M. (8 January 2015). 4121:"Do "Great Artists Steal"?" 3421:Studies in Higher Education 3055:Studies in Higher Education 2872:10.1007/978-3-658-06394-8_2 2597:Journal of Teaching Writing 1532:Osterberg, Eric C. (2003). 1262:Library plagiarism policies 1132: 1089:attribution without copying 1054:Organizational publications 831:; to the entire history of 775:or to give the appropriate 635:Idea-preserving plagiarism 278:) a treatise on Heliod and 246:in the 17th century to the 21:Plagiarism (disambiguation) 10: 6569: 6139:Appropriation in sociology 5043:Paull, Harry Major (1928) 4785:(2): 75–94. Archived from 4189:10.1016/j.jaad.2007.05.018 3617:Journal of Human Resources 2261:10.1007/s40979-021-00081-x 2141:10.1177/108648220300800304 2087:10.1038/d41586-019-00893-5 1746:. University of Lancaster. 1069: 1016:Factors that justify reuse 939: 695: 654:(typically among students) 291:plagiarism reprehensible. 274: 25: 18: 6538:Intellectual property law 6489: 6443: 6397: 6344: 6305: 6259: 6144:Articulation in sociology 6122: 6045: 5997: 5947: 5844: 5769: 5741: 5693: 5684: 5667:Revivalism (architecture) 5639: 5556: 5513: 5480: 5471: 5425: 5277: 5270: 5055:Royal Shakespeare Company 5037:and Adams, Brooks (1993) 4972:, republished in 1990 in 4610:2027/spo.5240451.0002.007 4579:Resnik, David B. (1998). 4551:10.1007/s11948-002-0007-4 4508:10.1007/s11948-012-9416-1 4326:Communications of the ACM 3787:10.1016/j.asw.2021.100563 3736:Computers and Composition 3310:10.1007/s11948-007-9037-2 2998:"The Plagiarism Spectrum" 2771:10.1007/s10780-018-9333-6 2743:2027/spo.5240451.0002.010 2718:Bretag, T. (Ed.) (2016). 2318:Communications of the ACM 1332:10.1007/s10780-017-9300-7 1287:Oxford English Dictionary 1201:Plagiarism from Knowledge 1145:Counterfeit consumer good 427:at institutional levels. 288:Aristophanes of Byzantium 5856:Aesthetic interpretation 3966:MIT Communications Forum 2162:. Times Higher Education 1940:Volk, Katharina (2010). 1920:De architectura Book VII 984:, and on other grounds. 6098:The Pictures Generation 5877:The Death of the Author 4684:"ASPA's Code of Ethics" 4585:Online via Google Books 4254:Hexham, Irving (2005). 2630:Blum, Susan D. (2009). 1101:artificial intelligence 994:least publishable units 965:"intellectual property" 796:The history of the arts 118:, and other penalties. 6169:Copyright infringement 6149:Cultural appropriation 5200:Quotations related to 5067:Ruthven, K. K. (2001) 5061:, Introduction to the 4735:Intellectual Discourse 4390:10.2466/pr0.97.1.43-49 4092:London Review of Books 4004: 3983: 3950: 3863:Susan D. Blum (2010). 3669:10.21913/IJEI.v5i2.614 3258:"Combating Plagiarism" 2019:Plagiarism is no Crime 1771:jeductechsoci.13.3.177 1294: 1256: 1150:Credit (creative arts) 914: 816: 641:Reusing text structure 569:The authors of a 2019 516:The U.S. Naval Academy 446: 379:Some institutions use 342:copyright infringement 313: 224: 218: 184: 143:copyright infringement 6196:Participatory culture 6164:Intellectual property 5110:, 3rd revised edition 5108:Topologies of culture 5080:section to Chaucer's 5015:. New York: Methuen. 4940:Unforeseeable Freedom 4928:Roudinesco, Élisabeth 4912:Brownjohn, J. Maxwell 4863:Eaton, Sarah (2021). 4625:"JIBS Code of Ethics" 4378:Psychological Reports 4338:10.1145/179606.179731 3996: 3979: 3942: 3228:plagiarism advice.org 3025:ACM Computing Surveys 2973:"What is plagiarism?" 2918:"What is Plagiarism?" 2340:10.1145/306549.306594 2016:Lands, Robert (1999) 1396:. 27 September 2018. 1290: 1252: 1211:Scientific misconduct 1105:large language models 1070:Further information: 942:Duplicate publication 909: 821:history of literature 803: 444: 302: 133:can be punished in a 110:from school or work, 6253:Literary composition 5871:Artistic inspiration 5695:Intertextual figures 5662:Parody advertisement 5228:at Wikimedia Commons 5049:Parody and Burlesque 5004:Haywood, Ian (1987) 4984:Interpreting Serials 4970:Versus, Issues 46–48 4917:The Art of the Faker 4279:Biochemia Medica, 20 3629:10.3368/jhr.47.2.397 3601:. 14 December 2018. 3464:10.2139/ssrn.3209034 2961:"Student Honor Code" 2420:10.17705/1jais.00081 1985:. pp. 249–271. 1889:Laërtius, Diogenes. 1687:Hastings Law Journal 1655:Lynch, Jack (2006). 1170:Journalistic scandal 975:Contested definition 969:reductio ad absurdum 961:critics of copyright 949:multiple publication 734:Plagiarism education 707:Plagiarism detection 692:Impact of technology 604:Synonym substitution 575:plagiarism detection 398:Middlesex University 390:plagiarism detection 348:part of a claim for 244:Age of Enlightenment 28:Knowledge:Plagiarism 19:For other uses, see 6502:Composition studies 6451:Creative nonfiction 6316:Linguistic contrast 6309: / devices 6206:Recontextualisation 6159:Information society 6154:History of printing 6134:Academic dishonesty 5895:Genius (literature) 5584:Literal music video 5495:Photographic mosaic 5290:Chopped and screwed 4966:Fakes and Forgeries 4234:"Plagiarism Policy" 3911:on 26 February 2007 3237:on 22 February 2014 2078:2019Natur.567..435W 1868:Stemplinger, Eduard 1699:10.2139/SSRN.315562 1493:. 26 November 2014. 1471:on 21 December 2018 1429:. 8 November 2018. 1103:. The emergence of 881:Ruth Graham quotes 833:artistic creativity 819:Through all of the 769:journalistic ethics 370:academic dishonesty 270:Heraclides Ponticus 96:journalistic ethics 5883:Divine inspiration 5672:Video game modding 5514:By source material 4953:2018-12-07 at the 4419:Roig, M. (2015) . 3960:Alfrey, Penelope. 3887:10.7591/j.ctt7v8sf 2046:The New York Times 2025:2011-01-01 at the 1621:Unknown parameter 1581:Unknown parameter 1507:. 21 January 2015. 1085:Reverse plagiarism 1066:Reverse plagiarism 841:thematic variation 817: 447: 331:unfair competition 314: 234:Indo-European root 222:("kidnapper") and 200:, a derivative of 92:academic integrity 6515: 6514: 6507:Technical writing 6321:Literary contrast 6219: 6218: 6126:artistic concepts 6114:Russian formalism 5840: 5839: 5680: 5679: 5569:Anime music video 5552: 5551: 5544:Statue of Liberty 5342:Musical quotation 5285:Bootleg recording 5224:Media related to 5134:978-91-7415-403-0 5069:Faking Literature 5031:Rosenthal, Norman 5022:978-0-252-06938-3 4874:978-1-4408-7437-6 4315:Samuelson, Pamela 4219:Rebecca Attwood. 3775:Assessing Writing 3584:978-981-287-079-7 3569:. pp. 1–14. 2881:978-3-658-06393-1 2866:. pp. 9–42. 2641:978-0-8014-4763-1 2000:978-981-287-097-1 1878:]. p. 8. 1731:. 7 October 2013. 1661:Writing-World.com 1450:. 19 April 2007. 1376:978-0-9914906-7-7 1272:978-0-8389-8416-1 1049:In other contexts 855:, and deliberate 843:, ironic retake, 658:Contract cheating 405:contract cheating 394:Roget's Thesaurus 248:Romantic movement 6560: 6533:Education issues 6425:Rhetorical modes 6415:Grammatical mood 6369:Cut-up technique 6267:Characterization 6246: 6239: 6232: 6223: 6222: 6038: 6028: 6015: 5846:Related artistic 5812:Imitation in art 5782:Assemblage (art) 5691: 5690: 5490:Combine painting 5478: 5477: 5463:Verbatim theatre 5438:Cut-up technique 5337:Music plagiarism 5275: 5274: 5256: 5249: 5242: 5233: 5232: 5223: 5211: 5199: 5185: 5183: 5181: 5166: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5063:Comedy of Errors 5026: 4976:pp. 174–202 4924:Derrida, Jacques 4895: 4888: 4879: 4878: 4860: 4854: 4844: 4838: 4837: 4835: 4833: 4819: 4813: 4810: 4801: 4800: 4798: 4797: 4791: 4776: 4767: 4761: 4760: 4750: 4726: 4720: 4719: 4717: 4716: 4705: 4696: 4695: 4690:. 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C. 5074:Spearing, A. C. 5023: 4955:Wayback Machine 4944:Blum, Susan D. 4904: 4899: 4898: 4889: 4882: 4875: 4861: 4857: 4845: 4841: 4831: 4829: 4821: 4820: 4816: 4811: 4804: 4795: 4793: 4789: 4774: 4768: 4764: 4748:10.1.1.844.4559 4727: 4723: 4714: 4712: 4707: 4706: 4699: 4682: 4681: 4677: 4661: 4657: 4648: 4647: 4643: 4634: 4632: 4623:Lorraine Eden. 4621: 4617: 4594: 4590: 4578: 4574: 4535: 4531: 4492: 4488: 4461:Nursing Outlook 4457: 4453: 4442: 4438: 4429: 4428: 4423: 4417: 4413: 4374: 4370: 4361: 4360: 4353: 4321: 4317:(August 1994). 4312: 4299: 4290: 4288: 4275: 4274: 4267: 4252: 4248: 4238: 4236: 4232: 4231: 4227: 4218: 4214: 4169: 4165: 4155: 4153: 4143: 4139: 4129: 4127: 4117: 4113: 4102: 4098: 4086: 4082: 4073: 4071: 4062: 4061: 4057: 4047: 4045: 4040: 4039: 4035: 4030: 4026: 4021: 4017: 4012: 4008: 3994: 3987: 3977: 3973: 3958: 3954: 3946: 3940: 3936: 3931: 3924: 3914: 3912: 3899: 3898: 3894: 3879: 3861: 3857: 3826: 3822: 3817: 3810: 3767: 3763: 3728: 3719: 3708: 3701: 3692: 3690: 3682: 3681: 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2184: 2179: 2175: 2165: 2163: 2156: 2149: 2120: 2111: 2058: 2054: 2037: 2033: 2027:Wayback Machine 2015: 2008: 2001: 1979: 1972: 1962: 1960: 1938: 1934: 1914: 1907: 1887: 1883: 1865: 1861: 1854: 1837: 1833: 1823: 1821: 1817: 1816: 1812: 1798: 1782: 1778: 1755: 1751: 1740: 1736: 1727: 1726: 1722: 1679: 1668: 1641: 1634: 1622: 1620: 1611: 1610: 1598: 1594: 1582: 1580: 1571: 1570: 1558: 1554: 1544: 1530: 1526: 1521:. 9 March 2017. 1517: 1516: 1512: 1503: 1502: 1498: 1489: 1488: 1484: 1474: 1472: 1463: 1462: 1458: 1446: 1445: 1441: 1423: 1422: 1418: 1409: 1408: 1404: 1392: 1391: 1384: 1377: 1366: 1360: 1359: 1355: 1316: 1307: 1302: 1298: 1284: 1280: 1273: 1244: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1135: 1107:(LLMs) such as 1097: 1082: 1068: 1056: 1051: 1018: 1002: 1000:Codes of ethics 977: 944: 938: 936:Self-plagiarism 900:Tristram Shandy 895:Laurence Sterne 891: 798: 793: 761: 736: 709: 700: 694: 677: 668: 525: 421:Library science 362: 297: 260:Pliny the Elder 176: 145:, violation of 81: 80: 79: 78: 77: 57: 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5945: 5944: 5942: 5941: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5921: 5916: 5915: 5914: 5904: 5903: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5880: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5852: 5850: 5845: 5842: 5841: 5838: 5837: 5835: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5773: 5771: 5770:Other concepts 5767: 5766: 5764: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5747: 5745: 5739: 5738: 5736: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5710: 5705: 5699: 5697: 5688: 5682: 5681: 5678: 5677: 5675: 5674: 5669: 5664: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5643: 5641: 5637: 5636: 5634: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5607: 5606: 5596: 5594:Re-cut trailer 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5560: 5558: 5554: 5553: 5550: 5549: 5547: 5546: 5541: 5533: 5525: 5517: 5515: 5511: 5510: 5508: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5481: 5475: 5472: 5469: 5468: 5466: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5429: 5427: 5423: 5422: 5420: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5362:Plunderphonics 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5303: 5302: 5292: 5287: 5281: 5279: 5272: 5268: 5267: 5259: 5258: 5251: 5244: 5236: 5230: 5229: 5217: 5216:at Wikiversity 5205: 5191: 5190:External links 5188: 5187: 5186: 5173: 5153: 5146: 5133: 5116: 5113: 5112: 5111: 5095: 5086: 5071: 5065: 5052: 5047:Part II, ch.X 5041: 5027: 5021: 5008: 5002: 4994:Gérard Genette 4991: 4977: 4959: 4942: 4932:De Quoi Demain 4921: 4903: 4900: 4897: 4896: 4880: 4873: 4855: 4839: 4814: 4802: 4762: 4721: 4697: 4694:on 2011-01-24. 4675: 4655: 4641: 4615: 4588: 4572: 4529: 4502:(3): 775–797. 4486: 4451: 4436: 4411: 4368: 4351: 4297: 4265: 4246: 4225: 4212: 4163: 4137: 4111: 4096: 4089:Love and Theft 4080: 4055: 4033: 4024: 4015: 4006: 3985: 3971: 3952: 3934: 3922: 3892: 3877: 3855: 3836:(3): 259–260. 3820: 3808: 3761: 3717: 3699: 3675: 3642: 3623:(2): 397–434. 3607: 3590: 3583: 3557: 3537: 3519: 3495: 3477: 3446: 3408: 3382: 3379:on 2015-05-24. 3357: 3348: 3339: 3304:(1): 139–147. 3279: 3248: 3211: 3177:(3): 482–497. 3154: 3115: 3096:(6): 444–463. 3080: 3044: 3011: 2989: 2977: 2965: 2953: 2941: 2927: 2924:on 2020-05-05. 2909: 2887: 2880: 2854: 2835: 2822:10.2307/376341 2816:(2): 165–174. 2800: 2784: 2765:(3): 285–311. 2749: 2724: 2711: 2660: 2647: 2640: 2622: 2603:(2): 233–245. 2587: 2574:10.2307/378866 2568:(4): 473–491. 2548: 2535: 2514:10.2307/378403 2508:(7): 788–806. 2488: 2459:(2): 141–160. 2443: 2425: 2394: 2375:(4): 511–532. 2353: 2308: 2285: 2234: 2208: 2182: 2173: 2147: 2109: 2052: 2031: 2006: 1999: 1970: 1932: 1905: 1881: 1859: 1852: 1831: 1810: 1796: 1776: 1765:(3): 177–188. 1749: 1734: 1720: 1666: 1632: 1592: 1552: 1542: 1524: 1510: 1496: 1482: 1456: 1439: 1416: 1402: 1382: 1375: 1353: 1326:(3): 271–281. 1305: 1296: 1278: 1271: 1245:From the 1995 1237: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1228: 1226:Swipe (comics) 1223: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1193: 1188: 1183: 1178: 1173: 1167: 1162: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1096: 1093: 1080:Pseudepigrapha 1067: 1064: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1038: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1028: 1017: 1014: 1001: 998: 976: 973: 937: 934: 890: 887: 808:(left) to its 797: 794: 792: 789: 760: 757: 735: 732: 708: 705: 693: 690: 676: 673: 667: 664: 663: 662: 661: 660: 655: 644: 643: 642: 639: 633: 632: 631: 626: 618: 617: 616: 605: 599: 598: 597: 567: 566: 563: 560: 557: 554: 551: 548: 545: 542: 539: 524: 521: 520: 519: 512: 505: 498: 491: 483: 471: 470: 467: 464: 461: 458: 361: 358: 296: 293: 275:κλέψαντα αὐτὸν 268:mentions that 239:, "to weave". 175: 172: 127:counterfeiting 70:Microsoft Word 58: 51: 50: 49: 40: 39: 38: 37: 36: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6565: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6525: 6523: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6494: 6492: 6488: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6448: 6446: 6442: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6405:Writing style 6403: 6402: 6400: 6396: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6358: 6355: 6354: 6353: 6350: 6349: 6347: 6343: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6304: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6264: 6262: 6258: 6254: 6247: 6242: 6240: 6235: 6233: 6228: 6227: 6224: 6212: 6211:Remix culture 6209: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6192: 6189: 6187: 6184: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6166: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6131: 6129: 6121: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6109:Postmodernism 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6099: 6095: 6093: 6092: 6088: 6086: 6085: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6073: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6060: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6050: 6048: 6044: 6035: 6034: 6030: 6024: 6023: 6017: 6012: 6011: 6007: 6006: 6004: 5999:Epoch-marking 5996: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5974:Jazz standard 5972: 5970: 5969:Genre fiction 5967: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5956: 5954: 5946: 5940: 5939:Western canon 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5924:Genre studies 5922: 5920: 5917: 5913: 5910: 5909: 5908: 5905: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5890: 5886: 5885: 5884: 5881: 5878: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5853: 5851: 5843: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5774: 5772: 5768: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5740: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5709: 5706: 5704: 5701: 5700: 5698: 5696: 5692: 5689: 5683: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5652:Internet meme 5650: 5648: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5638: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5605: 5604:Shot-for-shot 5602: 5601: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5579:Found footage 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5561: 5559: 5555: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5539: 5534: 5532: 5531: 5526: 5524: 5523: 5519: 5518: 5516: 5512: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5482: 5479: 5476: 5470: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5430: 5428: 5424: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5392:Sound collage 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5322:Interpolation 5320: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5312:Cover version 5310: 5308: 5305: 5301: 5298: 5297: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5282: 5280: 5276: 5273: 5269: 5264: 5263:Appropriation 5257: 5252: 5250: 5245: 5243: 5238: 5237: 5234: 5227: 5222: 5218: 5215: 5210: 5206: 5203: 5198: 5194: 5193: 5176: 5174:9780226484778 5170: 5165: 5164: 5158: 5154: 5151: 5147: 5136: 5130: 5126: 5125: 5119: 5118: 5109: 5105: 5104: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5084: 5079: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5066: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5053: 5050: 5046: 5042: 5040: 5036: 5032: 5028: 5024: 5018: 5014: 5009: 5007: 5003: 5001: 5000: 4995: 4992: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4978: 4975: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4956: 4952: 4949: 4943: 4941: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4922: 4919: 4918: 4913: 4909: 4906: 4905: 4893: 4887: 4885: 4876: 4870: 4866: 4859: 4853: 4849: 4843: 4828: 4824: 4818: 4809: 4807: 4792:on 2021-03-06 4788: 4784: 4780: 4773: 4766: 4758: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4732: 4725: 4710: 4704: 4702: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4679: 4673: 4672:1-878147-05-6 4669: 4665: 4659: 4651: 4645: 4631:on 2010-07-23 4630: 4626: 4619: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4592: 4586: 4582: 4576: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4548: 4544: 4540: 4533: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4490: 4482: 4478: 4474: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4455: 4447: 4440: 4432: 4422: 4415: 4407: 4403: 4399: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4379: 4372: 4365:. 2007-11-26. 4364: 4358: 4356: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4331: 4327: 4320: 4316: 4310: 4308: 4306: 4304: 4302: 4287:on 2018-06-16 4286: 4282: 4281:(3), 295-300" 4280: 4272: 4270: 4261: 4257: 4250: 4235: 4229: 4222: 4216: 4208: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4174: 4167: 4152: 4148: 4141: 4126: 4122: 4115: 4108: 4105: 4100: 4093: 4090: 4084: 4070:on 2014-10-14 4069: 4065: 4059: 4043: 4037: 4028: 4019: 4010: 4003: 4001: 3992: 3990: 3982: 3975: 3967: 3963: 3956: 3949: 3938: 3929: 3927: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3896: 3888: 3884: 3880: 3878:9780801447631 3874: 3869: 3868: 3859: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3824: 3815: 3813: 3804: 3800: 3796: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3776: 3772: 3765: 3757: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3726: 3724: 3722: 3713: 3706: 3704: 3689: 3685: 3679: 3670: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3646: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3611: 3604: 3600: 3594: 3586: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3561: 3550: 3549: 3541: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3526: 3524: 3514: 3512: 3510: 3508: 3506: 3504: 3502: 3500: 3490: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3450: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3422: 3415: 3413: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3389: 3387: 3375: 3368: 3361: 3352: 3343: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3288: 3286: 3284: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3262:CQ Researcher 3259: 3252: 3233: 3229: 3222: 3215: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3165: 3158: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3122: 3120: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3084: 3076: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3056: 3048: 3039: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3015: 2999: 2993: 2986: 2981: 2974: 2969: 2962: 2957: 2950: 2945: 2937: 2931: 2923: 2919: 2913: 2905: 2901: 2894: 2892: 2883: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2858: 2850: 2846: 2839: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2804: 2798: 2794: 2788: 2780: 2776: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2753: 2744: 2739: 2735: 2728: 2721: 2715: 2707: 2703: 2698: 2693: 2688: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2674:PLOS Medicine 2671: 2664: 2657: 2651: 2643: 2637: 2633: 2626: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2591: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2552: 2545: 2539: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2492: 2484: 2480: 2475: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2447: 2439: 2435: 2429: 2421: 2417: 2414:(2): 91–121. 2413: 2409: 2405: 2398: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2369:MIS Quarterly 2365: 2357: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2332: 2327: 2324:(7): 96–104. 2323: 2319: 2312: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2289: 2281: 2277: 2272: 2271:10044/1/90363 2267: 2262: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2238: 2222: 2218: 2212: 2197: 2193: 2186: 2177: 2161: 2154: 2152: 2142: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2118: 2116: 2114: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2088: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2072:(7749): 435. 2071: 2067: 2063: 2056: 2048: 2047: 2042: 2035: 2028: 2024: 2021: 2020: 2013: 2011: 2002: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1977: 1975: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1936: 1928: 1923: 1921: 1912: 1910: 1901: 1896: 1894: 1885: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1863: 1855: 1853:9780199928033 1849: 1845: 1841: 1835: 1820: 1814: 1807: 1805: 1799: 1797:9781402173844 1793: 1789: 1788: 1780: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1753: 1745: 1738: 1730: 1724: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1677: 1675: 1673: 1671: 1662: 1658: 1650: 1646: 1639: 1637: 1628: 1623:|agency= 1615: 1608: 1604: 1603: 1596: 1588: 1583:|agency= 1575: 1568: 1564: 1563: 1556: 1549: 1545: 1543:1-4024-0341-0 1539: 1535: 1528: 1520: 1514: 1506: 1500: 1492: 1486: 1470: 1466: 1460: 1453: 1449: 1443: 1436: 1432: 1427: 1420: 1412: 1406: 1399: 1395: 1389: 1387: 1378: 1372: 1365: 1364: 1357: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1314: 1312: 1310: 1300: 1293: 1288: 1282: 1274: 1268: 1264: 1263: 1255: 1250: 1249: 1242: 1238: 1227: 1224: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1177: 1176:Library theft 1174: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1137: 1130: 1126: 1123: 1119: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1092: 1090: 1086: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1063: 1061: 1046: 1042: 1035: 1032: 1029: 1026: 1025: 1024: 1022: 1013: 1011: 1007: 997: 995: 989: 985: 983: 972: 970: 966: 962: 958: 952: 950: 943: 933: 931: 927: 923: 922:Pablo Picasso 919: 913: 908: 906: 902: 901: 896: 893:A passage of 886: 884: 879: 877: 872: 870: 866: 862: 858: 854: 850: 846: 842: 838: 837:appropriation 834: 830: 826: 822: 815: 811: 807: 802: 788: 784: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 759:In journalism 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 731: 727: 723: 719: 717: 713: 704: 699: 689: 686: 681: 672: 659: 656: 653: 650: 649: 648: 645: 640: 637: 636: 634: 630: 627: 625: 622: 621: 619: 614: 611:from another 610: 606: 603: 602: 600: 595: 594: 592: 591: 590: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 564: 561: 558: 555: 552: 549: 546: 543: 540: 537: 536: 535: 533: 528: 517: 513: 510: 506: 503: 499: 496: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 475: 474: 468: 465: 462: 459: 456: 455: 454: 451: 443: 439: 436: 435:deontological 431: 428: 426: 422: 416: 412: 410: 406: 401: 399: 395: 391: 387: 382: 377: 375: 371: 367: 357: 355: 351: 345: 343: 338: 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 311: 310: 305: 304:Hannah Glasse 301: 295:Legal aspects 292: 289: 285: 281: 271: 267: 266: 261: 257: 253: 252:Enlightenment 249: 245: 240: 238: 235: 231: 226: 220: 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 190:creative work 186: 181: 171: 169: 163: 161: 156: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 119: 117: 113: 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 89: 88:original work 85: 75: 71: 67: 63: 55: 44: 33: 29: 22: 6388: 6124:Related non- 6096: 6089: 6082: 6071: 6057: 6046:Theorization 6031: 6021: 6008: 5887: 5802:Found object 5797:Détournement 5722: 5631:YouTube poop 5626:Video mashup 5574:Collage film 5537: 5529: 5520: 5448:Found poetry 5443:Flarf poetry 5352:Parody music 5332:Music mashup 5307:Contrafactum 5204:at Wikiquote 5178:. 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