50:
1349:
1069:
618:
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can be indissoluble if a perpetual Union, made more perfect, is not?. . . When, therefore, became one of the United States, she entered into an indissoluble relation. All the obligations of perpetual union, and all the guaranties of republican government in the Union, attached at once to the State. The act which consummated her admission into the Union was something more than a compact; it was the incorporation of a new member into the political body. And it was final.
1335:
797:
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20:
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by New York, Virginia and Rhode Island included language that reserved the right of those states to exit the U.S. federal system if they felt "harmed" by the arrangement. In
Virginia's ratification the reservation is stated thus; "…the People of Virginia declare and make known that the powers granted
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By , the Union was solemnly declared to "be perpetual." And when these
Articles were found to be inadequate to the exigencies of the country, the Constitution was ordained "to form a more perfect Union." It is difficult to convey the idea of indissoluble unity more clearly than by these words. What
751:
From the start the Union has carried with it importance in national affairs. There was a sense of urgency in completing the legal Union during the
American Revolutionary War. Maryland's ratification act stated, "t hath been said that the common enemy is encouraged by this State not acceding to the
729:
on June 11. The purpose of the former document was not only to define the relationship among the new states but also to stipulate the permanent nature of the new union. Accordingly, Article XIII states that the Union "shall be perpetual". While the process to ratify the
Articles began in 1777, the
1301:
The contrast can be seen in the superficially similar corollary in the Union of
Scotland and England, set out in section 1 of the Act of Union 1707. The section states "that the Two Kingdoms of Scotland and England shall upon the first day of May next ensuing the date hereof and forever after be
1210:
to the country, telling
Americans that they should maintain "the security of their union and the advancement of their happiness." In his farewell address, Washington stated that the union of states was "your union and brotherly affection may be perpetual", and in urging Americans to maintain it,
716:
in 1774. It was matured and continued by the
Declaration of Independence in 1776. It was further matured, and the faith of all the then thirteen States expressly plighted and engaged that it should be perpetual, by the Articles of Confederation in 1778. And finally, in 1787, one of the declared
1114:
replaced the
Articles, nothing in it expressly stated that the Union is perpetual. Even after the Civil War, which had been fought by the U.S. to prevent eleven of the southern slave states from leaving the Union, some still questioned whether any such inviolability survived after the U.S.
737:
of
Virginia. After Virginia passed a law on January 2, 1781, relinquishing the claims, the path forward was cleared. On February 2, 1781, the Maryland state legislature in Annapolis passed the Act to ratify and on March 1, 1781, the Maryland delegates to the Second Continental Congress in
1194:
agreed with
Madison's view, reserving "a right to withdraw inconsistent with the Constitution, and was no ratification." The New York convention ultimately ratified the Constitution without including the "right to withdraw" language proposed by the anti-federalists.
730:
Union only became a legal entity in 1781 when all states had ratified the agreement. The Second Continental Congress approved the Articles for ratification by the sovereign States on November 15, 1777, which occurred during the period from July 1778 to March 1781.
1222:
took a contrarian approach, arguing that in the 1700s some treaties were purported to be "perpetual" but could still be abrogated by either side, and thus that "perpetual" only meant that there was no built-in sunset provision. For example, the
1322:
as breaking the Act and the Treaty of Union. The court concluded that while the Protocol did repeal provisions of the Act by implication, Parliament was entirely free to do so as even the Act of Union had no special entrenched status.
679:
The Articles of Confederation detailed the rights, responsibilities, and powers of the newly independent United States of America. However, the Articles provided a system of government considered too weak by nationalists led by
742:
formally signed the agreement. Maryland's final ratification of the Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union established the requisite unanimous consent for the legal creation of the United States of America.
1808:
1115:
Constitution replaced the Articles. This uncertainty also stems from the fact that the Constitution was not ratified unanimously before going into effect, as required by the Articles (two states,
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1903:
548:
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Confederation, to hope that the union of the sister states may be dissolved" The nature of the Union was hotly debated during a period lasting from the 1830s through its climax during the
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under the Constitution being derived from the People of the United States may be resumed by them whensoever the same shall be perverted to their injury or oppression …"
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1231:. Gutzman's position received criticism for ignoring historical evidence surrounding the drafting of the constitution, and for being overly defensive of the
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in the United Kingdom prevented the creation of a 'greater law' to entrench the Act of Union, a legal doctrine confirmed in the aftermath of Brexit in
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1302:
United into One Kingdom by the Name of Great Britain" The Act of Union 1801, uniting Great Britain and Ireland was set out in similar terms, but the
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1123:, had not ratified when George Washington was sworn in as the first U.S. president). The United States Supreme Court ruled on the issue in the 1869
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1199:, often called the "Penman of the Constitution," by contrast argued during the War of 1812 that States could secede under certain conditions.
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1215:, shortly before his death, urged Americans not to "split into factions which must destroy that union upon which our existence hangs."
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The concept of a Union of the American States originated gradually during the 1770s as the struggle for independence unfolded. In his
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The 13th ratification by Maryland was delayed for several years due to conflict of interest with some other states, including the
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stated that "you should properly estimate the immense value of your national Union to your collective and individual happiness."
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signed the Treaty of Perpetual Union (fr. Traité d'Union Perpétuelle), which pledged the freedom and privileges of the
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There shall be from this day following a Society, a permanent and perpetual Union, between the Sovereigns subscribed.
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called for a "perpetual peace" between Great Britain and the United States, but the two nations warred again in the
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stated, "If there was any constitutional issue resolved by the Civil War, it is that there is no right to secede."
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presented a plan "A project for settling an everlasting peace in Europe," where in it is stated in Article 1:
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468:
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and, under later constitutional law, means that U.S. states are not permitted to withdraw from the Union.
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case. In that case, the court ruled that the drafters intended the perpetuity of the Union to survive:
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2003:
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24:
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http://www.newyorkpersonalinjuryattorneyblog.com/uploaded_images/Scalia-Turkewitz-Letter-763174.jpg
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approved the drafting of the Articles of Confederation, following a similar approval to draft the
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International relations in political thought: texts from the ancient Greeks to the 1st World War
1176:
ratification … Compacts must be reciprocal … The Constitution requires an adoption in toto, and
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Papers of the Continental Congress, No. 70, folio 453 and No. 9, History of the Confederation
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The concept of a perpetual union appeared earlier in European political thought. In 1532,
8:
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objects for ordaining and establishing the Constitution was to form a more perfect Union.
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39:
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58:
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1962:
1722:
1367:
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820:
705:
238:
218:
208:
198:
756:. During the war, the remaining U.S. states that were not joining the breakaway
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when Northern Ireland Unionist politicians attempted to judicially review the
712:
The Union is much older than the Constitution. It was formed, in fact, by the
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1185:
James Madison, letter to Alexander Hamilton (July 20, 1788), emphasis added.
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appears much earlier in the history of political thought. In January 44
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135:
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188:
1334:
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16:
Part of the Articles of Confederation establishing the United States
6194:
6132:
5904:
5823:
2809:
2759:
1636:. Vol. 2. New York, Charles Scribner's sons. pp. 609–610.
1191:
1588:
Novus Ordo Seclorum: The Intellectual Origins of the Constitution
1911:
1283:
233:
19:
1866:
United States Constitution Online—The Articles of Confederation
1164:
disapproved of the language, and stated in regards to it that:
673:
1875:
1823:
1291:
1411:"Abraham Lincoln's First Inaugural Address on March 4, 1861"
1590:, University Press of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas: 1985, 281.
1464:"Ratification of the Constitution by the State of Virginia"
1650:, Regency Publishing, Inc., Washington D.C.: 2007, 12.
1168:
My opinion is that a reservation of a right to withdraw
721:
A significant step was taken on June 12, 1776, when the
684:. It was superseded in 1789 by the ratification of the
1754:
Chris Brown; Terry Nardin; Nicholas J. Rengger (2002).
1661:"Kevin Gutzman, Author at The Imaginative Conservative"
1413:. AMDOCS: Documents for the Study of American History
1714:
Letter dated October 31, 2006, to Daniel Turkewitz.
1330:
1648:
The Politically Incorrect Guide to the Constitution
1511:
1679:http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/paris.asp
1633:Patrick Henry: Life, Correspondences and Speeches
7709:
5132:
3838:Native American recognition in the United States
1871:Free Download of Articles of Confederation Audio
1848:Articles of Confederation and related resources
688:, a document written and approved at the 1787
7464:
5403:Drafting and ratification of the Constitution
5118:
4235:Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States
2419:
1897:
1843:Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union
1838:Text version of the Articles of Confederation
1310:did leave the Union in 1922. The doctrine of
1238:More recently in 2006, Supreme Court Justice
1180:. It has been so adopted by the other States.
1148:During the ratification of the Constitution,
1091:
666:Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union
641:
25:Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union
6327:Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization
1206:referred to an "indissoluble union", and in
7479:Government of the United States under the
7471:
7457:
5125:
5111:
2433:
2426:
2412:
1904:
1890:
1614:
1599:
1520:. Transaction Publishers. pp. 58–59.
1169:
1098:
1084:
648:
634:
5851:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
3848:Federally recognized Alaska Native tribes
1878:version of the Articles of Confederation
1546:
1544:
1373:History of the United States (1776–1789)
18:
6006:Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
3899:List of counties and county equivalents
1551:Amar, Akhil Reed (September 19, 2005).
1484:
1439:
1437:
1408:
767:
7710:
977:Presidents of the Continental Congress
53:Declaration of Independence (painting)
7452:
6934:
6696:
6358:
5162:
5106:
2407:
1926:Founding Fathers of the United States
1885:
1629:
1541:
1378:Founding Fathers of the United States
1245:
1007:Secretary of the Continental Congress
695:
7697:Journals of the Continental Congress
2370:Journals of the Continental Congress
1550:
1434:
1286:coins were struck with the image of
1218:Conservative Constitutional scholar
1023:Journals of the Continental Congress
924:Court of Appeals in Cases of Capture
2391:Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom
1399:(U of Virginia Press, 2016) ch. 1.
13:
7728:Legal history of the United States
5693:Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act
5683:Assassination of James A. Garfield
1409:Lincoln, Abraham (March 4, 1861).
882:Committee of Secret Correspondence
170:No taxation without representation
48:
14:
7739:
5725:Assassination of William McKinley
3244:Director of National Intelligence
1831:
7636:Maryland State House (1783–1784)
7432:
7423:
7422:
7387:
7386:
5944:Assassination of John F. Kennedy
5737:Nadir of American race relations
5616:Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
3400:Government Accountability Office
1790:"Act of Union with England 1707"
1512:Marshall L. DeRosa, ed. (1998).
1485:Madison, James (July 20, 1788).
1347:
1333:
1202:In his first inaugural address,
1067:
795:
616:
7723:Federalism in the United States
5646:First transcontinental railroad
1813:
1802:
1782:
1762:
1747:
1727:
1708:
1683:
1671:
1653:
1640:
1623:
1617:"Washington's Farewell Address"
1608:
1593:
746:
5043:Separation of church and state
3259:National Reconnaissance Office
3202:President of the United States
1580:
1505:
1487:"Letter to Alexander Hamilton"
1478:
1456:
1425:
1402:
1397:George Washington, Nationalist
1389:
1:
7626:Independence Hall (1779–1783)
2360:Congress of the Confederation
1857:Today in History: November 15
1758:. Cambridge University Press.
1383:
1156:However, in a 1788 letter to
933:Congress of the Confederation
469:Congress of the Confederation
7569:Secretary of Foreign Affairs
6814:Hispanic and Latino American
5668:Second Industrial Revolution
5502:Nat Turner's slave rebellion
5208:Exploration of North America
5134:History of the United States
3405:Government Publishing Office
2873:Technological and industrial
1665:The Imaginative Conservative
1630:Henry, William Wirt (1891).
982:Secretary of Foreign Affairs
259:Committees of Correspondence
61:presents their draft of the
7:
7497:Second Continental Congress
6338:Indictments of Donald Trump
5529:First Industrial Revolution
5363:Declaration of Independence
5353:Second Continental Congress
4877:Women's reproductive health
3843:Federally recognized tribes
3706:Public utilities commission
3610:Public Health Service Corps
3513:Code of Federal Regulations
3395:Congressional Budget Office
3249:Central Intelligence Agency
3155:Water supply and sanitation
2582:Declaration of Independence
1820:Protocol legal, court rules
1809:Summary of in re J Allister
1615:Washington, George (1796).
1600:Washington, George (1789).
1518:The Politics of Dissolution
1326:
956:Northwest Ordinance of 1787
899:Declaration of Independence
888:Necessity of Taking Up Arms
863:Second Continental Congress
727:Declaration of Independence
723:Second Continental Congress
497:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783
410:Declaration of Independence
390:Second Continental Congress
67:Second Continental Congress
63:Declaration of Independence
10:
7744:
6935:
6697:
6359:
6230:Killing of Osama bin Laden
5318:First Continental Congress
5163:
4055:Red states and blue states
3960:City commission government
3955:Council–manager government
1112:United States Constitution
835:First Continental Congress
264:First Continental Congress
7718:1781 in the United States
7654:
7641:French Arms Tavern (1784)
7618:
7582:
7554:Superintendent of Finance
7541:
7520:
7487:
7481:Articles of Confederation
7408:
7374:
7318:
7282:
7270:
7009:
6983:
6945:
6941:
6930:
6703:
6692:
6365:
6354:
6220:
6123:
6051:
5952:
5863:
5814:Wall Street Crash of 1929
5745:
5626:
5611:Emancipation Proclamation
5542:
5465:
5413:
5380:Articles of Confederation
5333:
5218:Native American epidemics
5198:
5173:
5169:
5158:
5140:
5064:
4890:
4763:
4695:
4348:
4344:
4335:
4283:
4148:
4139:
4035:
4006:
3983:
3922:
3889:
3880:
3823:
3811:Comparison of governments
3786:
3749:
3726:
3642:
3622:
3553:
3491:
3413:
3336:
3194:
3185:
3181:
3172:
2894:
2885:
2830:
2790:Post-Cold War (1991–2008)
2631:drafting and ratification
2604:Articles of Confederation
2517:
2451:
2442:
2378:
2342:
2312:
2276:
2250:
2214:
2193:
2167:
2131:
2110:
2079:
2043:
2017:
1976:
1955:
1939:
1932:
1923:
1913:Articles of Confederation
1695:Claremont Review of Books
1602:"First Inaugural Address"
1466:. Virginia. June 26, 1788
1320:Northern Ireland Protocol
1312:parliamentary sovereignty
987:Superintendent of Finance
914:Articles of Confederation
690:Constitutional Convention
603:Prospect Hill Flag Debate
457:Articles of Confederation
385:Role of African Americans
7646:Federal Hall (1785–1789)
7300:Northern Mariana Islands
5873:Strike wave of 1945–1946
4830:Prescription drug prices
3950:Mayor–council government
3940:Coterminous municipality
3930:Consolidated city-county
3696:Agriculture commissioner
3346:House of Representatives
3254:National Security Agency
2904:Contiguous United States
1677:Treaty of Paris (1783),
1074:United States portal
844:Declaration and Resolves
775:This article is part of
670:United States of America
668:, which established the
623:United States portal
7512:Committee of the States
6835:Middle Eastern American
6652:Technology and industry
5522:Seneca Falls Convention
5323:Continental Association
5223:Settlement of Jamestown
4915:Criticism of government
4260:Social welfare programs
3853:State-recognized tribes
2838:Outline of U.S. history
2550:Continental Association
1264:Charles de Saint-Pierre
849:Continental Association
714:Articles of Association
702:first inaugural address
593:American civil religion
532:Philadelphia Convention
269:Continental Association
34:Part of a series on the
7542:Civil Offices/Officers
7521:Congressional Officers
7502:Confederation Congress
6955:Admission to the Union
6321:Afghanistan withdrawal
6316:January 6 insurrection
6235:Rise in mass shootings
6207:Virginia Tech shooting
5760:Paris Peace Conference
5534:Second Great Awakening
5273:American Enlightenment
4977:Environmental movement
4820:Health insurance costs
4715:Educational attainment
4240:Federal Reserve System
4198:Science and technology
3701:Insurance commissioner
3239:Intelligence Community
2934:minor outlying islands
2697:Civil rights movement
1721:July 25, 2014, at the
1272:
1188:
1146:
947:Land Ordinance of 1784
909:Franco-American Treaty
719:
544:Anti-Federalist Papers
483:Dissent and rebellions
395:27 colonial grievances
363:Political developments
249:Philadelphia Tea Party
180:Conflict over taxation
154:American Enlightenment
54:
28:
6947:Territorial evolution
6311:George Floyd Protests
6294:Unite the Right rally
6163:Oklahoma City bombing
6158:Republican Revolution
6105:Space Shuttle program
5927:Civil Rights Movement
5895:North Atlantic Treaty
5703:Sherman Antitrust Act
5688:Chinese Exclusion Act
5278:French and Indian War
5268:Prelude to Revolution
5253:First Great Awakening
5213:European colonization
4803:Immigrant health care
4318:Transportation safety
4313:Transportation policy
4303:Public transportation
3373:President pro tempore
3229:Executive departments
2998:National Park Service
2653:Territorial evolution
2289:William Henry Drayton
2242:Francis Lightfoot Lee
2149:Jonathan Bayard Smith
1735:"History of Brittany"
1553:"Conventional Wisdom"
1268:
1166:
1131:
942:Bank of North America
877:Olive Branch Petition
710:
538:The Federalist Papers
400:Olive Branch Petition
131:French and Indian War
52:
22:
7672:Proclamation of 1783
7662:Confederation period
6861:Palestinian American
6288:Obergefell v. Hodges
6180:September 11 attacks
6016:Second-wave feminism
5937:Cuban Missile Crisis
5797:Bath School disaster
5715:Spanish–American War
5678:The Gospel of Wealth
5557:California Gold Rush
5517:Mexican–American War
5507:Nullification crisis
5475:Era of Good Feelings
5375:Confederation period
5283:Proclamation of 1763
5233:Atlantic slave trade
4972:Environmental issues
4637:Political ideologies
4536:Indigenous languages
3736:List of legislatures
3533:separation of powers
3234:Independent agencies
3160:World Heritage Sites
2795:September 11 attacks
2718:Spanish–American War
2658:Mexican–American War
2614:Confederation period
2545:Continental Congress
2350:Continental Congress
1514:"Preserve the Union"
1363:Confederation Period
1355:United States portal
1294:inscription "Caesar
1208:his farewell address
1139:U.S. Supreme Court,
1048:Maryland State House
854:Petition to the King
789:Continental Congress
768:Constitutional basis
664:is a feature of the
588:American nationalism
583:Atlantic Revolutions
527:Annapolis Convention
447:Confederation period
229:Virginia Association
7692:Northwest Ordinance
7687:1785 Land Ordinance
7682:1784 Land Ordinance
7610:Continental Marines
7559:Agent of the Marine
7310:U.S. Virgin Islands
6796:Lithuanian American
6752:Vietnamese American
6098:End of the Cold War
6088:Invasion of Grenada
6038:Iran hostage crisis
5787:Tulsa race massacre
5594:Election of Lincoln
5589:Dred Scott decision
5577:Kansas–Nebraska Act
5480:Missouri Compromise
5398:Northwest Ordinance
5388:Pennsylvania Mutiny
5383:and Perpetual Union
5343:American Revolution
5258:War of Jenkins' Ear
4815:Health care finance
4308:Rail transportation
4074:Imperial presidency
3796:State constitutions
3741:List of legislators
3691:Auditor/Comptroller
3664:Lieutenant governor
3390:Library of Congress
3281:Diplomatic Security
2924:Indian reservations
2587:American Revolution
2355:American Revolution
1861:Library of Congress
1852:Library of Congress
1308:Republic of Ireland
1274:By itself the word
1252:Francis I of France
735:western land claims
492:Newburgh Conspiracy
474:Northwest Ordinance
41:American Revolution
7631:Nassau Hall (1783)
7600:Commander in Chief
7549:Postmaster General
6960:Historical regions
6916:Transgender people
6474:Capital punishment
6333:Support of Ukraine
6282:Black Lives Matter
6190:War in Afghanistan
6115:Invasion of Panama
6071:Iran–Contra affair
5932:Early–mid Cold War
5802:Harlem Renaissance
5661:Compromise of 1877
5636:Reconstruction era
5572:Fugitive Slave Act
5567:Compromise of 1850
5512:Westward expansion
5450:Louisiana Purchase
5293:Stamp Act Congress
5238:King William's War
4925:affirmative action
4898:Capital punishment
4857:Poverty and health
4852:Physician shortage
4825:Health care prices
4755:Standard of living
4438:standard of living
4245:Financial position
3872:Hawaiian home land
3860:Indian reservation
3833:Tribal sovereignty
3676:Secretary of state
3545:United States Code
3461:Territorial courts
3433:Associate Justices
3318:Inspector generals
2805:War in Afghanistan
2668:Reconstruction era
2535:Stamp Act Congress
2304:Thomas Heyward Jr.
1968:John Wentworth Jr.
1586:Forrest McDonald,
1576:Also located here.
1395:Edward J. Larson,
1246:Similar principles
1158:Alexander Hamilton
1053:French Arms Tavern
826:Stamp Act Congress
754:American Civil War
704:on March 4, 1861,
696:Historical origins
439:Forming a republic
315:British Royal Navy
214:Stamp Act Congress
55:
29:
7705:
7704:
7446:
7445:
7404:
7403:
7400:
7399:
6965:American frontier
6926:
6925:
6856:Lebanese American
6841:Egyptian American
6776:Estonian American
6766:Albanian American
6760:European American
6737:Japanese American
6727:Filipino American
6688:
6687:
6350:
6349:
6346:
6345:
6299:COVID-19 pandemic
6202:Hurricane Katrina
6143:Los Angeles riots
6033:Watergate scandal
5878:Start of Cold War
5846:Manhattan Project
5433:Whiskey Rebellion
5263:King George's War
5228:Thirteen Colonies
5189:Pre-Columbian Era
5100:
5099:
5060:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5026:National security
4735:Income inequality
4615:Statue of Liberty
4418:income inequality
4331:
4330:
4323:Trucking industry
4135:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4062:Foreign relations
4050:Electoral College
4031:
4030:
3819:
3818:
3771:District attorney
3618:
3617:
3445:Courts of appeals
3168:
3167:
2881:
2880:
2822:COVID-19 pandemic
2775:Feminist Movement
2621:American frontier
2540:Thirteen Colonies
2401:
2400:
2386:National Archives
2338:
2337:
2330:Edward Langworthy
2263:Cornelius Harnett
2222:Richard Henry Lee
2185:Nicholas Van Dyke
2123:Nathaniel Scudder
2102:Gouverneur Morris
2056:Samuel Huntington
1691:"Whistling Dixie"
1493:on April 12, 2001
1260:Kingdom of France
1256:Duchy of Brittany
1204:George Washington
1197:Gouverneur Morris
1108:
1107:
1033:Independence Hall
972:List of delegates
802:Independence Hall
787:
760:were called "the
686:U.S. Constitution
682:George Washington
658:
657:
562:
561:
287:Revolutionary War
277:
276:
121:Thirteen Colonies
59:Committee of Five
7735:
7677:Ratification Day
7605:Continental Navy
7595:Continental Army
7574:Court of Appeals
7564:Secretary at War
7473:
7466:
7459:
7450:
7449:
7436:
7426:
7425:
7390:
7389:
7319:Outlying islands
7276:Washington, D.C.
7271:Federal District
6970:Manifest destiny
6943:
6942:
6932:
6931:
6874:Native Americans
6846:Iranian American
6820:Mexican American
6806:Serbian American
6791:Italian American
6781:Finnish American
6771:English American
6722:Chinese American
6709:African American
6694:
6693:
6499:Direct democracy
6489:The Constitution
6448:Higher education
6371:American Century
6356:
6355:
5809:Great Depression
5782:Women's suffrage
5772:Roaring Twenties
5698:Haymarket affair
5656:Enforcement Acts
5445:Jeffersonian era
5393:Shays' Rebellion
5313:Intolerable Acts
5308:Boston Tea Party
5243:Queen Anne's War
5171:
5170:
5160:
5159:
5127:
5120:
5113:
5104:
5103:
5080:
5073:
4960:African American
4842:Health insurance
4730:Household income
4600:National symbols
4531:American English
4504:Federal holidays
4413:household income
4346:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4146:
4145:
4084:Anti-Americanism
4008:Special district
3935:Independent city
3904:County executive
3887:
3886:
3681:Attorney general
3640:
3639:
3629:Federal District
3212:Executive Office
3192:
3191:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
2939:populated places
2919:federal enclaves
2914:federal district
2892:
2891:
2755:American Century
2738:Great Depression
2733:Roaring Twenties
2693:Women's suffrage
2572:Halifax Resolves
2565:Founding Fathers
2560:military history
2525:Pre-colonial era
2449:
2448:
2428:
2421:
2414:
2405:
2404:
2144:Daniel Roberdeau
2118:John Witherspoon
1937:
1936:
1906:
1899:
1892:
1883:
1882:
1826:
1817:
1811:
1806:
1800:
1799:
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1620:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1597:
1591:
1584:
1578:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1561:. Archived from
1548:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1489:. Archived from
1482:
1476:
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1471:
1460:
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1432:
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1423:
1422:
1420:
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1343:
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1304:Irish Free State
1186:
1171:
1144:
1100:
1093:
1086:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1038:Henry Fite House
1028:Carpenters' Hall
1002:Marine Committee
992:Secretary at War
799:
785:
772:
771:
674:political entity
650:
643:
636:
625:
621:
620:
619:
507:Paper Money Riot
502:Shays' Rebellion
443:
442:
300:Continental Navy
295:Continental Army
254:Intolerable Acts
244:Boston Tea Party
126:Salutary neglect
109:
108:
87:Military leaders
42:
31:
30:
7743:
7742:
7738:
7737:
7736:
7734:
7733:
7732:
7708:
7707:
7706:
7701:
7667:Perpetual Union
7650:
7614:
7578:
7537:
7516:
7483:
7477:
7447:
7442:
7396:
7370:
7314:
7278:
7266:
7005:
6979:
6937:
6922:
6828:Jewish American
6801:Polish American
6742:Korean American
6732:Indian American
6699:
6684:
6539:Merchant Marine
6509:Law enforcement
6361:
6342:
6216:
6212:Great Recession
6119:
6093:Reagan Doctrine
6047:
6026:Stonewall riots
5948:
5922:Project Mercury
5883:Truman Doctrine
5859:
5767:First Red Scare
5741:
5710:Progressive Era
5622:
5582:Bleeding Kansas
5538:
5485:Monroe Doctrine
5461:
5409:
5368:Treaty of Paris
5329:
5303:Boston Massacre
5298:Sons of Liberty
5194:
5165:
5154:
5136:
5131:
5101:
5096:
5083:
5076:
5069:
5052:
5038:Opioid epidemic
4955:Native American
4935:intersex rights
4886:
4882:Life expectancy
4872:Medical deserts
4862:Race and health
4759:
4745:Personal income
4691:
4595:National anthem
4428:personal income
4393:Economic issues
4327:
4279:
4127:
4027:
4016:School district
4002:
3985:Minor divisions
3979:
3918:
3876:
3815:
3801:Statutory codes
3782:
3745:
3722:
3632:
3627:
3614:
3549:
3506:civil liberties
3487:
3478:Other tribunals
3457:District courts
3409:
3368:current members
3351:current members
3332:
3266:Law enforcement
3164:
2877:
2826:
2817:Great Recession
2688:Progressive Era
2678:Native genocide
2609:Perpetual Union
2597:Treaty of Paris
2555:United Colonies
2513:
2438:
2432:
2402:
2397:
2374:
2365:Charles Thomson
2334:
2308:
2272:
2246:
2210:
2189:
2163:
2154:William Clingan
2127:
2106:
2075:
2039:
2013:
1972:
1963:Josiah Bartlett
1951:
1940:Primary drafter
1928:
1919:
1917:Perpetual Union
1910:
1876:Mobile friendly
1834:
1829:
1818:
1814:
1807:
1803:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1774:
1772:
1770:"Caesars coins"
1768:
1767:
1763:
1752:
1748:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1723:Wayback Machine
1713:
1709:
1699:
1697:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1676:
1672:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1646:Kevin Gutzman,
1645:
1641:
1628:
1624:
1613:
1609:
1598:
1594:
1585:
1581:
1568:
1566:
1565:on May 29, 2015
1549:
1542:
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1407:
1403:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1368:United Colonies
1353:
1348:
1346:
1339:
1332:
1329:
1316:re Jim Allister
1298:in) Perpetuo".
1248:
1225:Treaty of Paris
1187:
1184:
1145:
1138:
1104:
1068:
1066:
919:Perpetual Union
890:
872:United Colonies
821:Albany Congress
808:
788:
770:
749:
706:Abraham Lincoln
698:
662:Perpetual Union
654:
617:
615:
614:
609:
608:
607:
572:
564:
563:
558:
511:
478:
462:Perpetual Union
440:
432:
431:
430:
414:
364:
356:
355:
354:
350:Financial costs
345:Treaty of Paris
289:
279:
278:
273:
239:Boston Massacre
219:Declaratory Act
209:Sons of Liberty
199:Quartering Acts
175:
140:
106:
96:
73:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7741:
7731:
7730:
7725:
7720:
7703:
7702:
7700:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7658:
7656:
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7638:
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7476:
7475:
7468:
7461:
7453:
7444:
7443:
7441:
7440:
7430:
7420:
7418:Historiography
7415:
7409:
7406:
7405:
7402:
7401:
7398:
7397:
7395:
7394:
7384:
7378:
7376:
7372:
7371:
7369:
7368:
7363:
7358:
7356:Navassa Island
7353:
7348:
7343:
7341:Johnston Atoll
7338:
7333:
7331:Howland Island
7328:
7322:
7320:
7316:
7315:
7313:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7290:American Samoa
7286:
7284:
7280:
7279:
7274:
7272:
7268:
7267:
7265:
7264:
7259:
7254:
7249:
7244:
7239:
7234:
7229:
7224:
7219:
7214:
7212:South Carolina
7209:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7177:North Carolina
7174:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
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7064:
7059:
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7049:
7044:
7039:
7034:
7029:
7024:
7019:
7013:
7011:
7007:
7006:
7004:
7003:
7001:The West Coast
6998:
6993:
6987:
6985:
6981:
6980:
6978:
6977:
6975:Indian removal
6972:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6951:
6949:
6939:
6938:
6928:
6927:
6924:
6923:
6921:
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6918:
6913:
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6896:
6889:
6888:
6887:
6882:
6870:
6869:
6868:
6866:Saudi American
6863:
6858:
6853:
6851:Iraqi American
6848:
6843:
6831:
6824:
6823:
6822:
6810:
6809:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6793:
6788:
6786:Irish American
6783:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6756:
6755:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6716:Asian American
6712:
6704:
6701:
6700:
6690:
6689:
6686:
6685:
6683:
6682:
6681:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6648:
6647:
6646:
6644:Sexual slavery
6634:
6627:
6620:
6619:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6581:
6580:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6542:
6535:
6528:
6527:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6514:Postal service
6511:
6506:
6504:Foreign policy
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6476:
6471:
6459:
6452:
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6410:
6409:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6381:
6374:
6366:
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6362:
6352:
6351:
6348:
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6344:
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6341:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
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6306:
6296:
6291:
6284:
6279:
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6272:
6267:
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6140:
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6121:
6120:
6118:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6101:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6080:
6078:Crack epidemic
6075:
6074:
6073:
6068:
6057:
6055:
6049:
6048:
6046:
6045:
6043:Moral Majority
6040:
6035:
6030:
6029:
6028:
6021:Gay liberation
6018:
6013:
6011:Counterculture
6008:
6003:
6002:
6001:
5999:Fall of Saigon
5996:
5991:
5981:
5980:
5979:
5977:Apollo program
5974:
5972:Project Gemini
5964:
5958:
5956:
5950:
5949:
5947:
5946:
5941:
5940:
5939:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5913:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5890:Early Cold War
5887:
5886:
5885:
5875:
5869:
5867:
5861:
5860:
5858:
5857:
5856:
5855:
5854:
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5843:
5838:
5828:
5827:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5806:
5805:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5769:
5764:
5763:
5762:
5751:
5749:
5743:
5742:
5740:
5739:
5734:
5733:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5707:
5706:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5670:
5665:
5664:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5632:
5630:
5624:
5623:
5621:
5620:
5619:
5618:
5613:
5603:
5602:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5585:
5584:
5574:
5569:
5562:Prelude to War
5559:
5554:
5552:Antebellum Era
5548:
5546:
5540:
5539:
5537:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5525:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5497:Trail of Tears
5492:Jacksonian era
5489:
5488:
5487:
5482:
5471:
5469:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5459:
5458:
5457:
5452:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5435:
5428:Federalist Era
5425:
5423:Bill of Rights
5419:
5417:
5411:
5410:
5408:
5407:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5372:
5371:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5358:Lee Resolution
5355:
5350:
5339:
5337:
5331:
5330:
5328:
5327:
5326:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5204:
5202:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5185:
5177:
5175:
5167:
5166:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5141:
5138:
5137:
5130:
5129:
5122:
5115:
5107:
5098:
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5040:
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5034:
5033:
5023:
5022:
5021:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4994:Mass shootings
4991:
4986:
4985:
4984:
4982:Climate change
4979:
4969:
4964:
4963:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4920:Discrimination
4917:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4900:
4894:
4892:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4879:
4874:
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4859:
4854:
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4758:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4710:American Dream
4707:
4701:
4699:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4677:Transportation
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4623:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4610:Mount Rushmore
4607:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4550:
4545:
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4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4496:
4491:
4490:
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4479:
4474:
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4467:
4462:
4452:
4451:
4450:
4445:
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4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4354:
4352:
4339:
4333:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4289:
4287:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4230:Federal budget
4227:
4222:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4168:Communications
4165:
4160:
4149:
4143:
4137:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4125:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4089:exceptionalism
4086:
4076:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4067:foreign policy
4059:
4058:
4057:
4052:
4042:
4036:
4033:
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4023:
4012:
4010:
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4000:
3995:
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3803:
3798:
3792:
3790:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3778:
3768:
3767:
3766:
3764:Chief justices
3759:Supreme courts
3755:
3753:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3732:
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3724:
3723:
3721:
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3637:
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3607:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3598:National Guard
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3559:
3557:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3542:
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3530:
3525:
3515:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3501:Bill of Rights
3497:
3495:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3471:list of judges
3468:
3466:list of courts
3454:
3453:
3452:
3450:list of judges
3442:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3419:
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3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3385:Capitol Police
3382:
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3375:
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3360:
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3308:
3306:Secret Service
3303:
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3278:
3273:
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3256:
3251:
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3219:Vice President
3216:
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3007:
3006:
3005:
3003:National Parks
2995:
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2963:
2958:
2956:Extreme points
2953:
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2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2643:Federalist Era
2640:
2639:
2638:
2636:Bill of Rights
2633:
2623:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2584:
2579:
2577:Lee Resolution
2574:
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2327:
2325:Edward Telfair
2322:
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2307:
2306:
2301:
2299:Richard Hutson
2296:
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2277:South Carolina
2274:
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2270:
2265:
2260:
2254:
2252:
2251:North Carolina
2248:
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2245:
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2224:
2218:
2216:
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2209:
2208:
2206:Daniel Carroll
2203:
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2188:
2187:
2182:
2180:John Dickinson
2177:
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2061:Oliver Wolcott
2058:
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2037:
2032:
2030:Henry Marchant
2027:
2025:William Ellery
2021:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1994:Elbridge Gerry
1991:
1986:
1980:
1978:
1974:
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1971:
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1965:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1947:John Dickinson
1943:
1941:
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1920:
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1832:External links
1830:
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1827:
1824:bbc.co.uk/news
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1558:New York Times
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1240:Antonin Scalia
1182:
1141:Texas v. White
1136:
1126:Texas v. White
1117:North Carolina
1106:
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1103:
1102:
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1062:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
966:
965:
961:
960:
959:
958:
953:
944:
936:
935:
929:
928:
927:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
894:Lee Resolution
891:
886:
884:
879:
874:
866:
865:
859:
858:
857:
856:
851:
846:
838:
837:
831:
830:
829:
828:
823:
815:
814:
810:
809:
800:
792:
791:
781:
780:
769:
766:
748:
745:
697:
694:
656:
655:
653:
652:
645:
638:
630:
627:
626:
611:
610:
606:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
574:
573:
570:
569:
566:
565:
560:
559:
557:
556:
554:Bill of Rights
551:
546:
541:
534:
529:
523:
520:
519:
513:
512:
510:
509:
504:
499:
494:
488:
485:
484:
480:
479:
477:
476:
471:
466:
465:
464:
453:
450:
449:
441:
438:
437:
434:
433:
429:
428:
422:
415:
413:
412:
407:
405:Lee Resolution
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
366:
365:
362:
361:
358:
357:
353:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
291:
290:
285:
284:
281:
280:
275:
274:
272:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
224:Townshend Acts
221:
216:
211:
206:
204:Stamp Act 1765
201:
196:
191:
185:
182:
181:
177:
176:
174:
173:
166:
161:
156:
150:
147:
146:
142:
141:
139:
138:
133:
128:
123:
117:
114:
113:
107:
102:
101:
98:
97:
95:
94:
89:
84:
78:
75:
74:
56:
45:
44:
36:
35:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7740:
7729:
7726:
7724:
7721:
7719:
7716:
7715:
7713:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7685:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7659:
7657:
7653:
7647:
7644:
7642:
7639:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7623:
7621:
7619:Meeting sites
7617:
7611:
7608:
7606:
7603:
7601:
7598:
7596:
7593:
7591:
7588:
7587:
7585:
7581:
7575:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7546:
7544:
7540:
7534:
7531:
7529:
7526:
7525:
7523:
7519:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7503:
7500:
7498:
7495:
7494:
7492:
7490:
7486:
7482:
7474:
7469:
7467:
7462:
7460:
7455:
7454:
7451:
7439:
7435:
7431:
7429:
7421:
7419:
7416:
7414:
7413:List of years
7411:
7410:
7407:
7393:
7385:
7383:
7382:Urban history
7380:
7379:
7377:
7373:
7367:
7364:
7362:
7361:Palmyra Atoll
7359:
7357:
7354:
7352:
7349:
7347:
7344:
7342:
7339:
7337:
7336:Jarvis Island
7334:
7332:
7329:
7327:
7324:
7323:
7321:
7317:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7287:
7285:
7283:Insular areas
7281:
7277:
7273:
7269:
7263:
7260:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7252:West Virginia
7250:
7248:
7245:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7235:
7233:
7230:
7228:
7225:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7157:New Hampshire
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7117:Massachusetts
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7038:
7035:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7014:
7012:
7008:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6988:
6986:
6982:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6952:
6950:
6948:
6944:
6940:
6933:
6929:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6903:
6902:
6901:
6897:
6895:
6894:
6890:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6877:
6876:
6875:
6871:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6838:
6837:
6836:
6832:
6830:
6829:
6825:
6821:
6818:
6817:
6816:
6815:
6811:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6763:
6762:
6761:
6757:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6747:Thai American
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6719:
6718:
6717:
6713:
6711:
6710:
6706:
6705:
6702:
6695:
6691:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6655:
6654:
6653:
6649:
6645:
6642:
6641:
6640:
6639:
6635:
6633:
6632:
6628:
6626:
6625:
6621:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6588:
6587:
6586:
6585:Party Systems
6582:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6549:
6548:
6547:
6543:
6541:
6540:
6536:
6534:
6533:
6529:
6525:
6524:Voting rights
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6466:
6465:
6464:
6460:
6458:
6457:
6453:
6449:
6446:
6445:
6444:
6443:
6439:
6435:
6432:
6431:
6430:
6429:
6425:
6421:
6418:
6417:
6416:
6415:
6411:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6388:
6387:
6386:
6382:
6380:
6379:
6375:
6373:
6372:
6368:
6367:
6364:
6357:
6353:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6328:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6305:
6302:
6301:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6289:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6237:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6227:
6225:
6223:
6219:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6187:
6186:
6185:War on terror
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6175:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6130:
6128:
6126:
6122:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6084:
6083:Late Cold War
6081:
6079:
6076:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6063:
6062:
6059:
6058:
6056:
6054:
6050:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6027:
6024:
6023:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5986:
5985:
5982:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5969:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5962:Great Society
5960:
5959:
5957:
5955:
5951:
5945:
5942:
5938:
5935:
5934:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5917:Post-war boom
5915:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5891:
5888:
5884:
5881:
5880:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5870:
5868:
5866:
5862:
5852:
5849:
5848:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5833:
5832:
5829:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5811:
5810:
5807:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5761:
5758:
5757:
5756:
5753:
5752:
5750:
5748:
5744:
5738:
5735:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5711:
5708:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5675:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5637:
5634:
5633:
5631:
5629:
5625:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5608:
5607:
5604:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5564:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5545:
5541:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5493:
5490:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5477:
5476:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5468:
5464:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5447:
5446:
5443:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5430:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5420:
5418:
5416:
5412:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5373:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5345:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5336:
5332:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5205:
5203:
5201:
5197:
5191:
5190:
5186:
5184:
5183:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5172:
5168:
5161:
5157:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5139:
5135:
5128:
5123:
5121:
5116:
5114:
5109:
5108:
5105:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5084:
5079:
5075:
5072:
5068:
5067:
5063:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5032:
5029:
5028:
5027:
5024:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4974:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4967:Energy policy
4965:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4909:
4908:incarceration
4906:
4905:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4817:
4816:
4813:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4793:Prenatal care
4791:
4789:
4788:Birth control
4786:
4784:
4781:
4780:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4766:
4762:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4725:Homeownership
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4698:
4694:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4528:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4456:
4453:
4449:
4448:working class
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4408:homeownership
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4395:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4334:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4188:Manufacturing
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4116:Third parties
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4102:
4099:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4081:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4051:
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2989:
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2800:War on Terror
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2780:LGBT Movement
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2317:
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2311:
2305:
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2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2284:Henry Laurens
2282:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2269:
2268:John Williams
2266:
2264:
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2259:
2256:
2255:
2253:
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2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2227:John Banister
2225:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2186:
2183:
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2176:
2175:Thomas McKean
2173:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2160:
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2139:Robert Morris
2137:
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2109:
2103:
2100:
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2092:Francis Lewis
2090:
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2051:Roger Sherman
2049:
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2020:
2016:
2010:
2009:Samuel Holten
2007:
2005:
2002:
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1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
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1982:
1981:
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1977:Massachusetts
1975:
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1220:Kevin Gutzman
1216:
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1213:Patrick Henry
1209:
1205:
1200:
1198:
1193:
1190:Hamilton and
1181:
1179:
1175:
1165:
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1162:James Madison
1159:
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1150:ratifications
1142:
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798:
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786:United States
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586:
584:
581:
579:
578:United States
576:
575:
568:
567:
555:
552:
550:
549:Raftification
547:
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542:
540:
539:
535:
533:
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528:
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524:
522:
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518:
515:
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403:
401:
398:
396:
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391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
380:Role of women
378:
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371:
368:
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351:
348:
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167:
165:
162:
160:
159:Republicanism
157:
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151:
149:
148:
144:
143:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
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122:
119:
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72:
68:
64:
60:
51:
47:
46:
43:
38:
37:
33:
32:
26:
21:
7666:
7590:Board of War
7351:Midway Atoll
7346:Kingman Reef
7326:Baker Island
7305:Puerto Rico
7217:South Dakota
7207:Rhode Island
7202:Pennsylvania
7182:North Dakota
6898:
6891:
6872:
6833:
6826:
6812:
6758:
6714:
6707:
6650:
6636:
6629:
6622:
6583:
6557:Marine Corps
6544:
6537:
6530:
6494:Debt ceiling
6479:Civil Rights
6461:
6454:
6440:
6426:
6412:
6383:
6378:Antisemitism
6376:
6369:
6325:
6286:
6222:2008–present
6174:Bush v. Gore
6172:
6110:War on drugs
5984:Mid Cold War
5836:Pearl Harbor
5831:World War II
5651:Ku Klux Klan
5382:
5248:Dummer's War
5187:
5180:
5174:Pre-Colonial
5009:Human rights
4989:Gun politics
4940:Islamophobia
4930:antisemitism
4798:Hospice care
4740:Middle class
4720:Homelessness
4697:Social class
4657:Social class
4521:Human rights
4511:Homelessness
4423:middle class
4388:Demographics
4363:Architecture
4270:Unemployment
4250:Labor unions
3998:Town meeting
3975:City council
3970:City manager
3711:State police
3573:Marine Corps
3563:Armed Forces
3538:civil rights
3518:Constitution
3090:Southwestern
3085:Southeastern
3075:Northwestern
3070:Northeastern
3035:Mid-Atlantic
3025:Great Plains
2743:World War II
2626:Constitution
2608:
2530:Colonial era
2509:2008–present
2294:John Mathews
2232:Thomas Adams
2132:Pennsylvania
2097:William Duer
2071:Andrew Adams
2066:Titus Hosmer
2035:John Collins
2018:Rhode Island
2004:James Lovell
1999:Francis Dana
1989:Samuel Adams
1984:John Hancock
1916:
1815:
1804:
1793:. Retrieved
1784:
1773:. Retrieved
1764:
1755:
1749:
1738:. Retrieved
1729:
1710:
1698:. Retrieved
1694:
1685:
1673:
1664:
1655:
1647:
1642:
1632:
1625:
1610:
1595:
1587:
1582:
1567:. Retrieved
1563:the original
1556:
1531:. Retrieved
1517:
1507:
1495:. Retrieved
1491:the original
1480:
1468:. Retrieved
1458:
1427:
1415:. Retrieved
1404:
1396:
1391:
1315:
1306:, later the
1300:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1262:. In 1713,
1249:
1237:
1217:
1201:
1189:
1177:
1173:
1167:
1155:
1147:
1140:
1132:
1124:
1121:Rhode Island
1109:
1058:Federal Hall
997:Board of War
949: /
918:
904:Model Treaty
813:Predecessors
806:Philadelphia
758:Confederates
750:
747:Significance
740:Philadelphia
732:
720:
711:
699:
678:
661:
659:
598:Bicentennial
536:
517:Constitution
461:
340:Intelligence
310:British Army
194:Currency Act
71:Philadelphia
7366:Wake Island
7132:Mississippi
7047:Connecticut
6991:New England
6658:Agriculture
6577:Coast Guard
6572:Space Force
6420:Immigration
6148:WTC bombing
6066:Reaganomics
5994:Vietnam War
5910:McCarthyism
5792:Second Klan
5777:Prohibition
5755:World War I
5730:Square Deal
5720:Imperialism
5455:War of 1812
5182:Prehistoric
5014:Immigration
4945:LGBT rights
4847:Food safety
4682:Video games
4275:Wall Street
4255:Public debt
4158:Agriculture
4094:nationalism
3806:Uniform act
3728:Legislative
3635:Territorial
3593:Coast Guard
3588:Space Force
3338:Legislative
3133:Red (South)
3123:Mississippi
3045:New England
2981:Appalachian
2951:Earthquakes
2848:Discoveries
2843:Demographic
2785:Vietnam War
2728:World War I
2723:Imperialism
2673:Indian Wars
2648:War of 1812
2320:John Walton
2237:John Harvie
2201:John Hanson
2159:Joseph Reed
2087:James Duane
2044:Connecticut
1933:Signatories
1700:27 February
1453: (1869)
1417:October 27,
1258:within the
1233:Confederacy
1229:War of 1812
1174:conditional
1043:Nassau Hall
7712:Categories
7489:Congresses
7247:Washington
7167:New Mexico
7162:New Jersey
7037:California
6532:Journalism
6484:Corruption
6463:Government
6414:Demography
6401:Newspapers
6250:Sandy Hook
6153:Waco siege
6061:Reagan era
5967:Space Race
5900:Korean War
5841:home front
5673:Gilded Age
5641:Amendments
5048:Xenophobia
4837:Disability
4778:Healthcare
4687:Visual art
4632:Philosophy
4578:television
4568:newspapers
4558:journalism
4548:Literature
4460:attainment
4111:Republican
4106:Democratic
4079:Ideologies
4040:Corruption
3605:NOAA Corps
3528:preemption
3523:federalism
3138:Rio Grande
3040:Midwestern
3020:West Coast
3015:East Coast
2858:Inventions
2770:Space Race
2765:Korean War
2748:home front
2683:Gilded Age
2111:New Jersey
1795:2011-06-13
1775:2011-06-13
1740:2009-11-03
1533:January 5,
1470:January 5,
1384:References
1341:Law portal
164:Liberalism
136:George III
7533:Secretary
7528:President
7507:Delegates
7257:Wisconsin
7222:Tennessee
7127:Minnesota
7102:Louisiana
6996:The South
6567:Air Force
6442:Education
6304:recession
6260:Las Vegas
6168:Columbine
6125:1991–2008
6053:1980–1991
5954:1964–1980
5865:1945–1964
5819:Dust Bowl
5747:1917–1945
5628:1865–1917
5606:Civil War
5599:Secession
5544:1849–1865
5467:1815–1849
5438:Quasi-War
5415:1789–1815
5335:1776–1789
5288:Sugar Act
5031:Terrorism
4808:Rationing
4705:Affluence
4652:Sexuality
4620:Uncle Sam
4526:Languages
4455:Education
4398:affluence
4358:Americana
4285:Transport
4183:Insurance
4173:Companies
4153:By sector
4045:Elections
3686:Treasurer
3644:Executive
3583:Air Force
3555:Uniformed
3378:President
3195:Executive
2966:Mountains
2899:Territory
2887:Geography
2711:1954–1968
2706:1896–1954
2701:1865–1896
2663:Civil War
2504:1991–2008
2499:1980–1991
2494:1964–1980
2489:1945–1964
2484:1917–1945
2479:1865–1917
2474:1849–1865
2469:1815–1849
2464:1789–1815
2459:1776–1789
2452:By period
2258:John Penn
1497:April 12,
1296:Dic(tator
1276:perpetual
1110:When the
370:Loyalists
335:Diplomacy
305:Minutemen
189:Sugar Act
7583:Military
7428:Category
7242:Virginia
7192:Oklahoma
7172:New York
7147:Nebraska
7137:Missouri
7122:Michigan
7112:Maryland
7097:Kentucky
7077:Illinois
7052:Delaware
7042:Colorado
7032:Arkansas
6911:Lesbians
6885:Comanche
6880:Cherokee
6673:Medicine
6631:Genocide
6624:Religion
6546:Military
6519:Taxation
6469:Abortion
6385:Cultural
6265:Parkland
6195:Iraq War
6133:Gulf War
5905:Ivy Mike
5824:New Deal
5200:Colonial
5145:Timeline
5087:Category
4783:Abortion
4647:Religion
4605:Columbia
4563:internet
4499:Holidays
4494:Folklore
4465:literacy
4403:eviction
4293:Aviation
4265:Taxation
4220:Currency
4213:by state
4123:Scandals
3993:Township
3751:Judicial
3652:Governor
3415:Judicial
3301:Marshals
3174:Politics
3128:Missouri
3118:Columbia
3113:Colorado
3108:Arkansas
3101:Longest
3080:Southern
3065:Northern
2909:counties
2863:Military
2853:Economic
2831:By topic
2810:Iraq War
2760:Cold War
2518:By event
2215:Virginia
2194:Maryland
2168:Delaware
2080:New York
1719:Archived
1327:See also
1290:and the
1192:John Jay
1183:—
1178:for ever
1137:—
777:a series
708:stated:
420:Drafting
375:Patriots
82:Timeline
7655:Related
7262:Wyoming
7237:Vermont
7142:Montana
7082:Indiana
7062:Georgia
7057:Florida
7027:Arizona
7017:Alabama
6984:Regions
6906:Gay men
6678:Railway
6638:Slavery
6434:Banking
6428:Economy
6270:El Paso
6255:Orlando
5989:Détente
5150:Outline
5071:Outline
5019:illegal
5004:Smoking
4867:Obesity
4750:Poverty
4672:Theater
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4516:Housing
4477:Fashion
4433:poverty
4378:Cuisine
4350:Culture
4337:Society
4298:Driving
4225:Exports
4203:Tourism
4163:Banking
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4101:Parties
3945:Charter
3909:Sheriff
3356:Speaker
3224:Cabinet
3187:Federal
3095:Western
3060:Eastern
3055:Central
3050:Pacific
3010:Regions
2961:Islands
2444:History
2379:Display
2343:Related
2313:Georgia
1822:, from
1569:May 29,
1284:Denarii
1143:(1869).
1015:Related
964:Members
951:of 1785
425:Signing
330:Battles
234:Tea Act
112:Context
104:Origins
92:Battles
65:to the
7438:Portal
7392:Cities
7375:Cities
7197:Oregon
7152:Nevada
7092:Kansas
7067:Hawaii
7022:Alaska
7010:States
6936:Places
6698:Groups
6668:Lumber
6606:Fourth
6596:Second
6406:Sports
6391:Cinema
6360:Topics
6275:Uvalde
6245:Aurora
6240:Tucson
5164:Events
5092:Portal
4999:Hunger
4950:racism
4891:Issues
4765:Health
4667:Sports
4627:People
4472:Family
4443:wealth
4368:Cinema
4193:Mining
4178:Energy
3923:Cities
3891:County
3825:Tribal
3363:Senate
3207:powers
3103:rivers
2976:ranges
2944:states
2868:Postal
1524:
779:on the
571:Legacy
320:France
7227:Texas
7107:Maine
7072:Idaho
6900:LGBTQ
6893:Women
6663:Labor
6616:Sixth
6611:Fifth
6601:Third
6591:First
6396:Music
6138:NAFTA
5078:Index
4903:Crime
4773:Aging
4590:Names
4585:Music
4573:radio
4553:Media
4383:Dance
4373:Crime
4208:Trade
3965:Mayor
3914:Clerk
3882:Local
3624:State
3143:Yukon
2986:Rocky
2971:peaks
1446:
1292:Latin
1172:is a
762:Union
672:as a
325:Spain
145:Ideas
7295:Guam
7232:Utah
7187:Ohio
7087:Iowa
6562:Navy
6552:Army
6456:Flag
4642:Race
4487:list
4482:Flag
4021:list
3865:list
3776:list
3716:list
3669:list
3657:list
3633:and
3578:Navy
3568:Army
3438:list
3150:Time
3030:Gulf
1915:and
1702:2023
1571:2015
1535:2016
1522:ISBN
1499:2001
1472:2016
1448:U.S.
1419:2009
1280:B.C.
1119:and
660:The
57:The
23:The
5348:War
4541:ASL
3788:Law
3493:Law
3311:TSA
3296:ICE
3291:FBI
3286:DEA
3276:CBP
3271:ATF
2592:War
1451:700
1170:...
804:in
764:".
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1859:,
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