508:
facilitate expansion, as the original
Pritchett design, which relied only on the explosion of the charge, was found to cause excessive fouling from too slow an expansion, allowing unburnt powder to escape around the bullet. The Enfield's adjustable ladder rear sight had steps for 100 yards (91 m) – the first position – 200 yards (180 m), 300 yards (270 m), and 400 yards (370 m). For distances beyond that, an adjustable flip-up blade sight was graduated (depending on the model and date of manufacture) from 900 yards (820 m) to 1,250 yards (1,140 m). British soldiers were trained to hit a target 6 feet (180 cm) by 2 feet (61 cm) – with a 2 feet (61 cm) diameter bull's eye, counting 2 points – out to 600 yards (550 m). The target used from 650 yards (590 m) to 900 yards (820 m) had a 3 feet (91 cm) bull's eye, with any man scoring 7 points with 20 rounds at that range being designated a marksman.
33:
647:
445:
602:
as did replacing the variable distance rear sight to a fixed sight. This became the
Pattern 1858. However, due to the now thinner walls, the barrel would bulge, and bursting was not an unknown problem. Furthermore, with the bayonet fitted excessive flexing became an issue. To remedy this, an urgent order was placed in England for around 12,000 new barrels made specifying with a thicker barrel wall. This became the very scarce Enfield Pattern 1859 which in good to very good condition attracts a premium.
621:. The first Enfield rifles were issued to the 58th and 65th Regiments, stationed in the country, in 1858. The Enfield was not the ideal weapon for use in the dense bush covered hills of New Zealand because of its length and weight. Special units called Forest Rangers were formed to fight rebels in the bush but after their first expedition into the bush covered hills of the Hunua ranges, south of Auckland, most Enfields were returned and replaced with a mixture of much shorter and lighter,
60:
589:
percussion cap, ready the rifle by setting the sights and moving it to full cock, then to present the rifle, marking the target and squeezing the trigger. The musketry books also recommended that, "Whenever the grease around the bullet appears to be melted away, or otherwise removed from the cartridge, the sides of the bullet should be made wet in the mouth before putting it into the barrel; the saliva will serve the purpose of grease for the time being".
682:(May 1863), to the final battles of 1865. The gun was highly sought after in the Confederate ranks. According to a survey taken by British officials during the early stages of war on the arms of the Western Confederate Forces, nearly 70% were armed with smoothbore arms, such as the Model 1842 Springfield. Later in the war the same survey was taken, they found that more than 75% had acquired a rifle, mainly the Pattern 1853 Enfield.
562:
464:, since a long rifle was necessary to enable the muzzles of the second rank of soldiers to project beyond the faces of the men in front. The weapon would also be sufficiently long when fitted with a bayonet to be effective against cavalry. Such weapons manufactured with rifled barrels, muzzle loading, single shot, and utilizing the same firing mechanism, also came to be called rifle-muskets.
517:
divisions of the field army in the Crimea had been supplied with the pattern 1851 Minie rifle-musket, the other regiments of the army around the Empire still carried the 1842 pattern smoothbore musket. By the end of 1853, the
Enfield rifle-musket was approved by the War Department for the army and was put into production. The Enfield saw extensive action in the
598:
drill daily for years, and the practice of biting the cartridge open was second nature to them. Incidentally, after the Mutiny, manuals amended the method of opening the cartridge to, "Bring the cartridge to the forefinger and thumb of the left hand, and with the arm close to the body, carefully tear off the end without spilling the powder."
585:'s armies in India were issued with the new rifle in 1857, and rumours were spread that the cartridges (referring here to paper-wrapped powder and projectile, not to metallic cartridges) were greased with beef tallow, pig fat, or a combination of the two – a situation abhorrent to Hindu and Muslim soldiers based on religious beliefs.
638:
introduction of the Snider-Enfield, many of the
Enfield Muskets in the Armed Constabulary's armouries were sold off to members of the public, and they remained a popular sporting and hunting arm in New Zealand well into the late 19th century, long after the introduction of metallic cartridge-loading firearms.
601:
As a consequence of
British fears, the Indian infantry's long arms were modified to be less accurate by reaming out the rifling of the Pattern 1853 making it a smooth bore and the spherical / ball shot does not require greasing, just a patch. This greatly reduced the gun's potency and effectiveness,
597:
or vegetable oil. This seemed to prove that the issued cartridges were, in fact, greased with pig and/or beef fat. A further suggestion that the Sepoys tear the cartridges open with their hands (instead of biting them open) was rejected as impractical – many of the Sepoys had been undertaking musket
592:
The idea of having anything which might be tainted with pig or beef fat in their mouths was unacceptable to the Indian soldiers, and when they objected it was suggested that they were more than welcome to make up their own batches of cartridges, using a religiously acceptable greasing agent such as
685:
The P53 Enfields capabilities were largely lost by the lack of marksmanship training by both the Union and
Confederacy. Most soldiers were not trained to estimate ranges or to properly adjust their sights to account for the "rainbow-like" trajectory of the large calibre conical projectile. Unlike
731:
also made reproductions of the
Enfield 1853 rifle-musket and of the Pattern 1861 Enfield musketoon in the 1970s. Those pieces were made to original patterns but are not particularly suitable for use by American Civil War reenactors because they were made to 4th model specs, including having the
516:
With war breaking out between the Turks and the
Russians, Britain realized that it was only a matter of time before they would be drawn into the conflict. The British Army was in the midst of a significant weapons transformation from smoothbore muskets to rifled muskets. While three of the four
588:
British military drills of the time required soldiers to tear open by biting open the prepared cartridge, pour the gunpowder contained within down the barrel, snap off the greased end of the cartridge containing the bullet at the muzzle, ram it home, bring up the rifle to the hip, replace the
637:
Numbers of
Enfield muskets were also acquired by the Maori later on in the proceedings, either from the British themselves (who traded them to friendly tribes) or from European traders who were less discriminating about which customers they supplied with firearms, powder, and shot. After the
507:
The original
Pritchett design was modified by Col. Boxer, who reduced the diameter to 0.55 after troops found the original 0.568 too hard to load during the Indian Mutiny, changing the mixed beeswax-tallow lubrication to pure beeswax for the same reason, and added a clay plug to the base to
686:
their British counterparts who attended extensive musketry training, new Civil War soldiers seldom fired a single cartridge until their first engagement. After the end of the war, hundreds of formerly Confederate Enfield 1853 muskets were sold from the American arms market to the
723:
manufacture a modern reproduction of the Enfield 1853 rifle-musket, which is readily available on the civilian market. Davide Pedersoli's reproductions are imported into the United States by the Italian Firearms Group located in Amarillo, Texas.
827:
Text Book on the Theory of the Motion of Projectiles, the History, Manufacture, and Explosive Force of Gunpowder, the History of Small Arms, the Method of Conducting Experiments; and on Ranges: For the Use of Officers Sent to the Schools of
633:
revolvers. The special units kept a handful of 1853 Enfields for long range sniping. The Enfields continued to be used by the many British line regiments in the more open fern and tussock covered country of the Waikato interior.
714:
The Enfield 1853 rifle-musket is highly sought after by US Civil War re-enactors, British military firearms enthusiasts and black powder shooters and hunters for its quality, accuracy, and reliability. The Italian firms of
616:
The Enfield 1853 rifle-musket was issued to the British Army regiments, colonial Militia and Volunteer units and later to the New Zealand Armed Constabulary, and saw extensive use in the mid and later stages of the
1025:
866:
Archivo Nacional de Costa Rica: Gobernacion, 26172. De la Cova, Antonio. Coronel Henry Theodore Titus: Antebellum Soldier of Fortune and Florida Pioneer. University f south Carolina Press, 2016. Print.
732:
Baddeley barrel bands. This model (the 4th) was originally made too late to have been fielded in the American War. Appropriate models for that use would be 2nd or 3rd model three band rifle muskets.
1687:
666:
Rifled Musket. The Confederates imported more Enfields during the course of the war than any other small arm, buying from private contractors and gun runners and
1492:
1487:
2524:
2529:
996:
541:
imposed a military dictatorship in Nicaragua, reimposing slavery and threatening to conquer all of Central America. The 1853 Enfield rifle was used in the
2337:
1662:
1647:
474:
twist, and was fastened to the stock with three metal bands, so that the rifle was often called a "three band" model. The rifle's cartridges contained
2352:
1030:
2327:
2256:
92:
537:
as president in 1849, Costa Rica acquired between 500 and 2000 1853 Enfield rifles in 1855. Later that year, the adventurer and mercenary
65:
1770:
1710:
667:
959:
573:
The Enfield P53 was introduced to Indian troops under British rule in 1856. The Enfield rifle-musket was a contributing cause of the
533:
forced Costa Rica to reform and modernize its army, especially after a threat of invasion from Nicaragua in 1848. With the arrival of
2276:
2271:
1608:
674:. It has been estimated that over 900,000 P53 Enfields were imported into America and saw service in every major engagement from the
989:
2066:
2534:
2026:
1599:
800:
1440:
850:
Diary entry of 23 February 1855 - Well Done the 68th, The Durhams in the Crimea and New Zealand, 1854–1866. John Bilcliffe
2150:
1915:
1890:
1450:
1400:
982:
530:
1354:
969:
2519:
1835:
1445:
1430:
1405:
1175:
872:
876:
855:
974:
1765:
1745:
1715:
1657:
746:
470:
developed the Pattern 1853 Enfield in the 1850s. The 39 in (99 cm) barrel had three grooves, with a 1:78
1705:
1667:
1639:
651:
2415:
1935:
1677:
1185:
1112:
751:
2046:
106:
2357:
2214:
1319:
1200:
1180:
1720:
1035:
630:
538:
2362:
2196:
1367:
1238:
622:
582:
101:
1955:
1910:
841:
pg.9-11, Arms and Ammunition of the British Service; Maj. C.J. Majendie, Royal Artillery, London, 1872
2309:
2304:
2299:
2289:
2284:
1830:
1790:
1592:
1372:
1349:
1339:
1243:
1055:
2140:
2347:
2342:
1960:
1652:
1455:
1415:
1324:
1292:
815:
pg.9, Arms and Ammunition of the British Service; Maj. C.J. Majendie, Royal Artillery, London, 1872
574:
467:
230:
2539:
2294:
2145:
2106:
2036:
1997:
1925:
1920:
1853:
1750:
1395:
1210:
1205:
741:
626:
534:
493:
448:
The parts of the Enfield cartridge, including the papers, the Pritchett bullet, and forming tools
2319:
2224:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2061:
1460:
663:
550:
2163:
776:
2332:
1965:
1868:
1740:
1725:
1435:
1344:
1329:
1272:
1267:
1195:
497:
825:
2433:
1815:
1785:
1755:
1585:
1425:
1282:
1220:
1190:
546:
317:
212:
2011:
1377:
8:
2478:
2111:
1810:
1362:
1314:
207:
32:
1780:
662:, and was the second most widely used infantry weapon in the war, surpassed only by the
2219:
2209:
1940:
1848:
1624:
1410:
1334:
1277:
1132:
1122:
1060:
757:
687:
679:
659:
433:
177:
121:
2022:
Sharps M1848, M1850, M1851, M1852, M1853, M1855, M1859, M1863, M1865 carbine and rifle
521:, 1854–1856, with the first Enfield rifles being issued to troops from February 1855.
2377:
2056:
2051:
2041:
1387:
1215:
1127:
1004:
868:
851:
796:
703:
432:
from 1853 to 1867; after which many were replaced in service by the cartridge-loaded
337:
192:
182:
2168:
1577:
2191:
2173:
1950:
1945:
1905:
1825:
1820:
1800:
1795:
1697:
1050:
1040:
1017:
720:
716:
675:
658:
The Enfield 1853 rifle-musket was also used by both the North and the South in the
646:
618:
611:
172:
167:
116:
2002:
954:
949:
877:
https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=2CoZAAAAYAAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA118%7C
702:, and some remaining in Satsuma were also used by rebelling former samurai in the
2488:
2468:
2372:
2248:
2183:
2155:
2116:
2101:
1992:
1987:
1900:
1760:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1479:
1306:
1161:
1142:
1137:
1117:
1097:
1065:
790:
671:
504:, which would be driven out at approximately 1,250 feet (380 m) per second.
359:
342:
126:
444:
2493:
2453:
2261:
2016:
1863:
1858:
1843:
1805:
1682:
1551:
1420:
1005:
695:
567:
Sepoy Indian troops dividing the spoils after their mutiny against British rule
542:
492:, and the ball was typically a 530-grain (34 g) Boxer modification of the
429:
197:
157:
96:
1102:
964:
460:
barrels. The length of the barrels were unchanged, allowing the weapons to be
421:
2513:
2463:
2458:
2314:
2096:
2031:
1895:
1730:
1672:
1616:
1009:
425:
388:
162:
46:
2483:
888:
Rose, Sarah. For All the Tea in China. New York: Penguin Books, 2010. Print.
875:. Harper's New Monthly Magazine, Vol XIII, No. LXXIII (June, 1856):118.|url=
501:
2405:
2400:
2390:
2328:
James 24-pounder M1839, 32-pounder M1829 and 42-pounder M1841 rifled cannon
2229:
2021:
1982:
1977:
1230:
349:
202:
2353:
Parrott 30-pounder, 100-pounder, 200-pounder and 300-pounder rifled cannon
2204:
1735:
1634:
1561:
1556:
1543:
1465:
1092:
728:
691:
518:
461:
453:
152:
2429:
2410:
1301:
1087:
1045:
699:
301:
187:
136:
131:
2473:
2448:
2443:
2395:
2385:
2323:(also known as James 6-pounder M1861 or 3.8-inch M1861 rifled cannon)
2239:
2135:
1775:
1566:
1259:
1152:
489:
936:
The Pattern 1853 Enfield Rifle by Peter Smithurst; Osprey Publishing
654:
on May 3, 1863. A number of Enfield 1853 rifled muskets are visible.
1253:
1882:
1629:
471:
457:
327:
452:
The term "rifle-musket" originally referred to muskets with the
2498:
1878:
1075:
111:
561:
1079:
578:
529:
The instability in Central America after the collapse of the
970:
Vicksburg National Park – The P53 in the American Civil War
594:
1978:
Joslyn M1855, M1861, M1862, M1864, M1865 carbine and rifle
545:
exclusively by the Costa Rican army, beginning with the
690:, as well as some prominent Japanese domains including
792:
The Rifle Musket in Civil War Combat: Reality and Myth
1607:
556:
2257:
8-inch M1841, 10-inch M1841 and 13-inch M1861 mortar
398:
Adjustable ramp rear sights, fixed blade front sight
906:Field Exercises and Evolutions of Infantry, 1861.
2511:
2037:Spencer M1860, M1865 repeating carbine and rifle
56:
1593:
990:
2525:Weapons of the Confederate States of America
1711:Allen & Thurber M1837 revolver pepperbox
1663:M1850 army staff & field officer's sword
788:
2530:Victorian-era weapons of the United Kingdom
965:http://sharpshooters.cfspress.com/arms.html
354:User dependent, usually 3-4 rounds a minute
1776:Deringer M1825 Philadelphia caplock pistol
1648:M1840 army noncommissioned officer's sword
1600:
1586:
997:
983:
623:Calisher and Terry breech loading carbines
439:
1864:Wesson and Leavitt M1850 Dragoon revolver
1821:Remington M1860 Elliot revolver pepperbox
950:Loading and Firing an 1853 Enfield Musket
795:. University Press of Kansas. p. 5.
645:
560:
443:
1726:Butterfield M1855 transitional revolver
927:Forest Rangers.R.Stowers.Hamilton.1996.
918:Diary of the 65th Regiment, 1858 entry.
2512:
2348:Parrott 20-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
2343:Parrott 10-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
2300:12-pounder M1857 Napoleon field cannon
2197:Billinghurst Requa Battery volley gun
1916:Colt M1855 revolver carbine and rifle
1581:
978:
698:. These units were later used in the
641:
524:
2320:James 14-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
1786:Harpers Ferry M1836 and M1842 pistol
1688:USMC noncommissioned officer's sword
488:drams, or 68 grains (4.4 g) of
2333:Ordnance 3-inch M1861 rifled cannon
1836:Smith & Wesson Model No. 2 Army
1716:Allen & Wheelock M1861 revolver
754:, a shorter version of this weapon.
605:
569:, which include a number of muskets
531:Federal Republic of Central America
13:
2416:Whitworth 70-pounder rifled cannon
2363:Whitworth 12-pounder rifled cannon
2295:12-pounder M1841 mountain howitzer
2027:Sharps & Hankins M1862 carbine
1911:Charleville M1816 and M1822 musket
1781:Elgin M1838 cutlass caplock pistol
668:smuggling them into Southern ports
557:Indian Rebellion 1857/Sepoy Mutiny
288:9.5 lb (4.3 kg) unloaded
25:Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle-musket
14:
2551:
1840:Spiller & Burr M1861 revolver
1609:Weapons of the American Civil War
1008:small arms & ordnance of the
955:Shooting the short Enfield musket
943:
406:Enfield Pattern 1853 rifle-musket
1826:Savage-North M1861 Navy revolver
779:, House Documents, 1861, P. 141.
747:Rifles in the American Civil War
709:
369:Effective firing range
58:
31:
2338:Ordnance 4.5-inch rifled cannon
2092:Springfield M1863 rifled musket
2087:Springfield M1861 rifled musket
2082:Springfield M1855 rifled musket
1901:Brunswick P1836 and P1841 rifle
1854:Volcanic M1855 repeating pistol
1066:Webley .455" Revolver Mk I – IV
930:
921:
909:
900:
652:Second Battle of Fredericksburg
2262:Coehorn 5.82-inch M1841 mortar
2112:Wesson M1859 carbine and rifle
2107:Volcanic M1855 repeating rifle
1844:Starr M1858 and M1863 revolver
1113:Pattern 1861 Enfield musketoon
897:Instruction of Musketry, 1856.
891:
882:
860:
844:
835:
818:
809:
782:
770:
752:Pattern 1861 Enfield musketoon
511:
377:Maximum firing range
364:1,250 ft/s (380 m/s)
261:
1:
2535:Weapons of the United Kingdom
1721:Beaumont–Adams M1862 revolver
763:
322:.550 expanding conical bullet
107:Confederate States of America
2285:6-pounder M1841 field cannon
2205:Gatling I and II machine gun
2017:Richmond M1861 rifled musket
1731:Colt M1836 Paterson revolver
380:1,250 yd (1,140 m)
7:
2077:Springfield M1847 musketoon
1966:Henry M1860 repeating rifle
1931:Enfield P1853 rifled musket
1926:Deringer M1817 Common rifle
1921:Deringer M1814 Common rifle
1741:Colt M1848 Dragoon revolver
1668:M1852 naval officer's sword
1658:M1840 light artillery saber
735:
650:Confederate dead after the
332:.577 in (14.7 mm)
10:
2556:
1983:Lorenz M1854 rifled musket
1831:Smith & Wesson Model 1
1766:Colt M1862 Police revolver
1746:Colt M1849 Pocket revolver
1736:Colt M1847 Walker revolver
1640:M1832 foot artillery sword
1441:BL 9.2-inch Mk IV & VI
1239:RML 7-pounder mountain gun
609:
583:British East India Company
296:55 in (1,400 mm)
2520:American Civil War rifles
2428:
2371:
2310:32-pounder M1844 howitzer
2305:24-pounder M1841 howitzer
2290:12-pounder M1841 howitzer
2270:
2247:
2238:
2182:
2125:
1877:
1801:Lefaucheux M1858 revolver
1796:Lefaucheux M1854 revolver
1696:
1678:M1860 light cavalry saber
1615:
1542:
1504:
1478:
1386:
1373:BL 6-inch 30 cwt howitzer
1350:RML 64-pounder 71 cwt gun
1340:RML 64-pounder 64 cwt gun
1291:
1252:
1244:RML 2.5-inch mountain gun
1229:
1160:
1151:
1074:
1016:
721:Armi Chiappa (Armi Sport)
717:Davide Pedersoli & C.
553:in March and April 1856.
394:
384:
376:
368:
358:
348:
336:
326:
316:
311:
300:
292:
284:
279:
271:
260:
252:
244:
236:
226:
221:
145:
85:
77:
72:
53:Place of origin
52:
42:
37:1853 Enfield rifle-musket
30:
23:
2386:Bomford Columbiad cannon
2072:Springfield M1842 musket
2067:Springfield M1840 musket
2062:Springfield M1835 musket
2057:Springfield M1822 musket
2052:Springfield M1816 musket
2047:Springfield M1812 musket
2042:Springfield M1795 musket
1961:Harper Ferry M1803 rifle
1956:Hall-North M1843 carbine
1941:Fayetteville M1862 rifle
1816:Remington M1858 revolver
1771:Colt Root M1855 revolver
1761:Colt M1861 Navy revolver
1756:Colt M1860 Army revolver
1751:Colt M1851 Navy revolver
1451:BL 12-inch Mk I, VI, VII
1406:BL 6-inch Mk III, IV, VI
1295:& garrison artillery
575:Indian rebellion of 1857
468:Royal Small Arms Factory
372:300 yd (270 m)
307:39 in (990 mm)
2411:Rodman Columbiad cannon
2146:Double-barreled shotgun
1998:Mississippi M1841 rifle
1936:Enfield P1861 musketoon
1396:QF 3-pounder Nordenfelt
1206:BL 12-pounder 6 cwt gun
1036:Beaumont–Adams revolver
742:British military rifles
535:Juan Rafael Mora Porras
440:History and development
1946:Gallager M1861 carbine
1906:Burnside M1855 carbine
1869:Whitney M1857 revolver
1849:Tranter M1856 revolver
1368:BL 5-inch gun Mk I – V
1056:Kerr's Patent revolver
706:about a decade later.
664:Springfield Model 1861
655:
570:
551:Second Battle of Rivas
456:barrels replaced with
449:
350:Rate of fire
2315:Blakely rifled cannon
2225:Vandenberg volley gun
2117:Whitworth P1857 rifle
2102:Tarpley M1863 carbine
1993:Merrill M1858 carbine
1988:Maynard M1851 carbine
1891:Augustin M1842 musket
1493:10-inch 18 cwt mortar
1488:13-inch 36 cwt mortar
1378:BL 9.45-inch howitzer
1345:RML 64-pounder 58 cwt
1330:RML 25-pounder 18 cwt
1302:4.1-inch 'Long Cecil'
1273:RML 6.6-inch howitzer
1268:RML 6.3-inch howitzer
1196:RML 16-pounder 12 cwt
1169:SBML 9 pounder 13 cwt
789:Earl J. Hess (2008).
678:(April 1862) and the
649:
564:
447:
420:) was a .577 calibre
2391:Brooke rifled cannon
2358:Pate revolver cannon
2230:Williams machine gun
2215:Pate revolver cannon
2151:Hale rocket launcher
2012:Potzdam M1831 musket
1859:Walch M1859 revolver
1811:Moore M1864 revolver
1806:LeMat M1856 revolver
1706:Adams M1851 revolver
1283:BL 5.4-inch howitzer
1221:QF 1-pounder pom-pom
1191:RML 13-pounder 8 cwt
1108:Pattern 1853 Enfield
727:The British company
565:An engraving titled
547:Battle of Santa Rosa
418:Enfield rifle-musket
410:Pattern 1853 Enfield
360:Muzzle velocity
213:Second Schleswig War
2479:Maynard tape primer
2201:Claxton machine gun
2097:Starr M1858 carbine
2032:Smith M1857 carbine
1896:Ballard M1861 rifle
1791:Kerr M1855 revolver
1653:M1840 cavalry saber
1644:M1833 dragoon saber
1497:8-inch 9 cwt mortar
1363:RML 8-inch howitzer
1211:QF 12-pounder 8 cwt
1201:BL 12-pounder 7 cwt
1186:RML 9-pounder 8 cwt
1031:1897 infantry sword
408:(also known as the
208:Red River Rebellion
2220:Ripley machine gun
2210:Gorgas machine gun
2184:Rapid fire weapons
1625:Arkansas toothpick
1335:RML 40-pounder gun
1315:SBML 8-inch 65 cwt
1278:BL 5-inch howitzer
1231:Mountain artillery
1103:Pattern 1851 Minié
688:Tokugawa shogunate
680:Siege of Vicksburg
660:American Civil War
656:
642:American Civil War
631:Beaumont–Adams .44
571:
525:The Filibuster War
450:
222:Production history
178:American Civil War
122:Tokugawa shogunate
2507:
2506:
2424:
2423:
2378:Coastal artillery
2324:
1575:
1574:
1557:0.45" Gatling gun
1474:
1473:
1388:Coastal artillery
1216:BL 15-pounder gun
960:The Enfield Rifle
802:978-0-7006-1607-7
704:Satsuma Rebellion
402:
401:
267:approx. 1,500,000
193:Satsuma Rebellion
183:Taiping Rebellion
2547:
2396:Carronade cannon
2322:
2245:
2244:
2192:Ager machine gun
2174:Winans Steam Gun
2003:P1839 and P1842
1951:Hall M1819 rifle
1602:
1595:
1588:
1579:
1578:
1535:Hales 24-pounder
1431:BL 8-inch Mk VII
1359:RML 6.6-inch gun
1158:
1157:
1061:Tranter revolver
1051:Enfield revolver
999:
992:
985:
976:
975:
937:
934:
928:
925:
919:
913:
907:
904:
898:
895:
889:
886:
880:
864:
858:
848:
842:
839:
833:
832:
822:
816:
813:
807:
806:
786:
780:
777:Purchase of arms
774:
676:Battle of Shiloh
672:blockade running
619:New Zealand Wars
612:New Zealand Wars
606:New Zealand Wars
487:
486:
482:
479:
385:Feed system
263:
173:New Zealand Wars
168:Second Opium War
117:Empire of Brazil
68:
64:
62:
61:
35:
26:
21:
20:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2503:
2489:Paper cartridge
2469:Friction primer
2436:
2420:
2406:Paixhans cannon
2401:Dahlgren cannon
2376:
2367:
2277:Siege artillery
2275:
2266:
2234:
2178:
2156:Ketchum Grenade
2141:Congreve rocket
2121:
1873:
1692:
1611:
1606:
1576:
1571:
1538:
1532:Hales 9-pounder
1500:
1470:
1446:BL 10-inch Mk I
1382:
1311:SBML 24-pounder
1307:SBBL 32-pounder
1287:
1260:heavy artillery
1257:
1248:
1225:
1162:Field Artillery
1147:
1118:Whitworth rifle
1098:Brunswick rifle
1070:
1026:Infantry swords
1012:
1003:
946:
941:
940:
935:
931:
926:
922:
914:
910:
905:
901:
896:
892:
887:
883:
865:
861:
849:
845:
840:
836:
824:
823:
819:
814:
810:
803:
787:
783:
775:
771:
766:
738:
712:
644:
614:
608:
559:
527:
514:
484:
480:
477:
475:
442:
424:muzzle-loading
343:Percussion lock
312:
217:
141:
127:Empire of Japan
78:In service
73:Service history
59:
57:
38:
24:
19:
12:
11:
5:
2553:
2543:
2542:
2540:Rifled muskets
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2496:
2494:Percussion cap
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2454:.56-56 Spencer
2451:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2426:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2281:
2279:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2253:
2251:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2199:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2164:Rains landmine
2161:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1887:
1885:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1702:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1683:Mameluke sword
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1621:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1605:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1582:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1552:Nordenfelt gun
1548:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1521:
1515:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1490:
1484:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1466:RML 17.72-inch
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1411:BL 6-inch Mk V
1408:
1403:
1398:
1392:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1357:
1355:RML 80-pounder
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1320:RBL 40-pounder
1317:
1312:
1309:
1304:
1298:
1296:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1264:
1262:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1241:
1235:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1181:RBL 20-pounder
1178:
1176:RBL 12-pounder
1173:
1170:
1166:
1164:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1133:Swinburn–Henry
1130:
1125:
1123:Snider–Enfield
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1084:
1082:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1041:Adams revolver
1038:
1033:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1006:British Empire
1002:
1001:
994:
987:
979:
973:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
945:
944:External links
942:
939:
938:
929:
920:
908:
899:
890:
881:
873:978-1611176568
859:
843:
834:
817:
808:
801:
781:
768:
767:
765:
762:
761:
760:
758:Snider–Enfield
755:
749:
744:
737:
734:
711:
708:
643:
640:
610:Main article:
607:
604:
558:
555:
543:Filibuster War
539:William Walker
526:
523:
513:
510:
462:fired in ranks
441:
438:
434:Snider–Enfield
430:British Empire
428:, used by the
400:
399:
396:
392:
391:
386:
382:
381:
378:
374:
373:
370:
366:
365:
362:
356:
355:
352:
346:
345:
340:
334:
333:
330:
324:
323:
320:
314:
313:
309:
308:
305:
298:
297:
294:
290:
289:
286:
282:
281:
280:Specifications
277:
276:
273:
269:
268:
265:
258:
257:
254:
250:
249:
246:
245:Unit cost
242:
241:
238:
234:
233:
228:
224:
223:
219:
218:
216:
215:
210:
205:
200:
198:Paraguayan War
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
158:Filibuster War
155:
149:
147:
143:
142:
140:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
93:United Kingdom
89:
87:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
70:
69:
66:United Kingdom
54:
50:
49:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2552:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2464:Canister shot
2462:
2460:
2459:Buck and ball
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2437:and equipment
2435:
2431:
2427:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:Rains grenade
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:Adams grenade
2131:
2130:
2128:
2126:Other weapons
2124:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1673:M1860 cutlass
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1617:Edged weapons
1614:
1610:
1603:
1598:
1596:
1591:
1589:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1456:RML 12.5-inch
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1255:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:RBL 9 pounder
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1128:Martini–Henry
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1010:Victorian era
1007:
1000:
995:
993:
988:
986:
981:
980:
977:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
947:
933:
924:
917:
912:
903:
894:
885:
878:
874:
870:
863:
857:
856:0-948251-75-1
853:
847:
838:
830:
829:
821:
812:
804:
798:
794:
793:
785:
778:
773:
769:
759:
756:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
739:
733:
730:
725:
722:
718:
710:Reproductions
707:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
683:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
653:
648:
639:
635:
632:
628:
627:Colt Navy .36
624:
620:
613:
603:
599:
596:
590:
586:
584:
580:
576:
568:
563:
554:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
522:
520:
509:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
473:
469:
465:
463:
459:
455:
446:
437:
435:
431:
427:
426:rifled musket
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
397:
393:
390:
389:Muzzle-loaded
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
361:
357:
353:
351:
347:
344:
341:
339:
335:
331:
329:
325:
321:
319:
315:
310:
306:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
278:
274:
270:
266:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
232:
229:
225:
220:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
163:Indian Mutiny
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
150:
148:
144:
138:
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
102:United States
100:
98:
94:
91:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
71:
67:
55:
51:
48:
47:Rifled musket
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
18:Rifled musket
16:
2004:
1971:
1970:Jenks M1841
1930:
1544:Machine guns
1107:
932:
923:
915:
911:
902:
893:
884:
862:
846:
837:
831:. p. 2.
826:
820:
811:
791:
784:
772:
726:
713:
684:
657:
636:
615:
600:
591:
587:
572:
566:
528:
515:
506:
502:Burton-Minié
466:
454:smooth-bored
451:
417:
413:
409:
405:
403:
304: length
231:RSAF Enfield
203:Fenian raids
86:Used by
15:
1635:Bowie knife
1562:Gardner gun
1505:War rockets
1461:RML 16-inch
1401:QF 4.7-inch
1143:Lee–Enfield
1138:Lee–Metford
1093:Baker rifle
729:Parker Hale
519:Crimean War
512:Crimean War
414:P53 Enfield
264: built
248:$ 20 (1861)
153:Crimean War
2514:Categories
2484:Minié ball
2434:cartridges
2430:Ammunition
2005:Brown Bess
1526:24-pounder
1520:12-pounder
1436:RML 9-inch
1426:RML 8-inch
1421:RML 7-inch
1416:RBL 7-inch
1325:RBL 7-inch
1088:Brown Bess
1046:Webley RIC
764:References
700:Boshin War
422:Minié-type
188:Boshin War
137:Qing China
132:Costa Rica
2474:Gunpowder
2449:.44 Henry
2444:.22 Short
2240:Artillery
2136:Coach gun
1567:Maxim gun
1514:6-pounder
1256:, medium,
1254:Howitzers
1153:Artillery
494:Pritchett
490:gunpowder
318:Cartridge
256:1853–1867
81:1853–1867
2169:Sea mine
1972:Mule ear
1698:Sidearms
1524:Congreve
1518:Congreve
1512:Congreve
1018:Sidearms
828:Musketry
736:See also
670:through
549:and the
272:Variants
253:Produced
237:Designed
227:Designer
97:Colonies
2249:Mortars
1974:carbine
1883:muskets
1630:Bayonet
1480:Mortars
1076:Muskets
696:Satsuma
581:in the
498:Metford
483:⁄
472:rifling
436:rifle.
328:Calibre
275:Carbine
2499:Ramrod
2007:musket
1879:Rifles
1080:rifles
871:
854:
799:
625:, and
579:Sepoys
496:&
458:rifled
416:, and
395:Sights
338:Action
302:Barrel
293:Length
112:France
95:&
63:
2373:Naval
2272:Field
1529:Boxer
1293:Siege
500:or a
1881:and
1258:and
1078:and
869:ISBN
852:ISBN
797:ISBN
719:and
694:and
692:Aizu
629:and
595:ghee
404:The
285:Mass
240:1853
146:Wars
43:Type
2375:and
2274:and
262:No.
2516::
2432:,
916:ms
577:.
412:,
1601:e
1594:t
1587:v
998:e
991:t
984:v
879:.
805:.
485:2
481:1
478:+
476:2
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