88:
commonly associated with the preparation of meat. The reading of her name remains uncertain, and its possible etymology appears to be unrelated to her role in the
Mesopotamian pantheon. She was chiefly worshiped in
191:." She could also be referred to with the epithet "she who makes the food good." She is also attested in the role of a divine housekeeper. An Early Dynastic text refers to her as an artisan or carpenter (
298:
periods, a temple of Ninšar existed in Nippur, and it is possible that it can be identified with the E-šuluhhatumma, "house worthy of the cleansing ritual," which is assigned to her in the so-called
369:, which functioned as a formula recited during temple renovations, Ninšar is listed among the deities created by Ea from clay to provide humans with goods they could in turn offer to the gods.
117:. Antoine Cavigneaux and Manfred Krebernik instead argue that the correct reading might be Nin-nisig. Ninmu and Ninezenna have also been proposed as alternatives. According to the god list
234:, not much else is possible to determine about him with certainty based on available documents. He might have been associated with the destruction caused by storms.
146:, referring to the color green. Antoine Cavigneaux and Manfred Krebernik note that the name's meaning shows no direct connection with her well attested functions.
309:
Ur-Ninšar is common in sources from the Early
Dynastic and Ur III periods. Other names invoking her are known too and continued to appear in the records from the
230:, who like her was associated with knives. He is sparsely attested, and while he was likely distinct in origin from the better known
675:
149:
Ninšar should not be confused with Ninšár ("Lady of All"), who alongside the matching male deity Enšár appears in enumerations of
834:
772:
688:
243:
745:
677:
Goddesses in
Context: On Divine Powers, Roles, Relationships and Gender in Mesopotamian Textual and Visual Sources
859:
135:, but both the restoration of the final sign and the identification of this deity with Ninšar remain uncertain.
347:
and
Ninniginna. They do not appear together otherwise. However, in this myth they are collectively described as
792:"A New Join to the Hurro-Akkadian Version of the Weidner God List from Emar (Msk 74.108a + Msk 74.158k)"
331:, Ninšar appears as one of the seven assistants of the eponymous goddess, the other six being Ninimma,
195:). In various documents, she appears in enumerations of the courtiers of Enlil, with the sequence of
295:
864:
310:
85:
8:
138:
The name NIN.SAR is usually translated as "Lady
Greenery" or "Lady Greens." One hymn to
150:
110:
830:
811:
778:
768:
751:
741:
684:
73:
348:
35:
803:
114:
824:
718:
699:
306:
106:
358:
she is the daughter of the eponymous deities, and in turn becomes the mother of
204:
853:
815:
782:
280:
113:
considered Ninšar to be the correct reading. This option is also accepted by
755:
260:
refer to AB.NAGAR as her cult center. She also had a temple in the state of
171:
Ninšar was associated with meat, and was often described as the "butcher of
807:
373:
376:
mentions Ninšar slaughtering cattle and sheep while
Ninkasi brewed beer.
132:
256:
231:
119:
539:
537:
522:
395:
393:
391:
389:
332:
265:
251:
184:
102:
791:
591:
500:
498:
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490:
488:
446:
444:
442:
440:
438:
564:
359:
291:
188:
124:
534:
510:
473:
386:
159:
485:
435:
340:
227:
212:
208:
196:
61:
344:
336:
327:
283:. In the same period Shulgi built a temple dedicated to her in
261:
247:
200:
180:
176:
93:, though her original cult center was the settlement AB.NAGAR.
90:
46:
269:
139:
826:
Birth in
Babylonia and the Bible: Its Mediterranean Setting
323:
276:
172:
275:
Evidence for the worship of Ninšar is also available from
127:
MUḪALDIM ("cook") or GÍRI ("knife"). A syllabic spelling,
351:, a term used to collectively refer to Ninmah's helpers.
581:
579:
410:
408:
554:
552:
284:
246:, Ninšar was worshiped in multiple cities, for example
651:
639:
615:
463:
461:
459:
425:
423:
673:
627:
603:
597:
576:
570:
528:
516:
405:
399:
716:
549:
479:
738:
697:
674:Asher-Greve, Julia M.; Westenholz, Joan G. (2013).
543:
504:
456:
450:
420:
175:," as already attested in texts from the reign of
717:Cavigneaux, Antoine; Krebernik, Manfred (1998a),
851:
698:Cavigneaux, Antoine; Krebernik, Manfred (1998),
142:might contain a play on the name and the word SI
123:, the name could also be represented by the
762:
657:
645:
621:
414:
852:
789:
735:
609:
585:
558:
467:
429:
131:, might be present in a god list from
101:The reading of the theonym written in
767:. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns.
829:. Cuneiform Monographs. Brill Styx.
822:
633:
215:occurring in at least two sources,
13:
14:
876:
598:Asher-Greve & Westenholz 2013
571:Asher-Greve & Westenholz 2013
529:Asher-Greve & Westenholz 2013
517:Asher-Greve & Westenholz 2013
400:Asher-Greve & Westenholz 2013
302:without a location specified. ,
480:Cavigneaux & Krebernik 1998a
372:A fragment of a myth known from
153:in sources such as the god list
667:
544:Cavigneaux & Krebernik 1998
505:Cavigneaux & Krebernik 1998
451:Cavigneaux & Krebernik 1998
1:
379:
796:Altorientalische Forschungen
763:Lambert, Wilfred G. (2013).
740:. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns.
723:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
704:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
316:
179:. An even earlier text from
166:
7:
157:and the incantation series
10:
881:
736:George, Andrew R. (1993).
237:
187:calls her the "butcher of
77:
765:Babylonian creation myths
57:
52:
41:
33:
26:
21:
226:Her husband was the god
109:.SAR remains uncertain.
96:
860:Mesopotamian goddesses
808:10.1515/aofo-2017-0009
790:Simons, Frank (2017).
823:Stol, Marten (2000).
311:Old Babylonian period
300:Canonical Temple List
244:Early Dynastic period
221:Canonical Temple List
80:, NIN.SAR; also read
86:Mesopotamian goddess
16:Mesopotamian goddess
365:In a text known as
356:Enki and Ninhursag,
219:and the so-called
183:from the reign of
151:ancestors of Enlil
111:Wilfred G. Lambert
836:978-90-72371-89-8
802:(1). De Gruyter.
774:978-1-57506-861-9
690:978-3-7278-1738-0
636:, pp. 80–82.
531:, pp. 55–56.
296:Middle Babylonian
268:, most likely in
67:
66:
42:Major cult centre
872:
846:
844:
843:
819:
786:
759:
732:
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631:
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619:
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583:
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483:
477:
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403:
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115:Andrew R. George
79:
19:
18:
880:
879:
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873:
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870:
869:
850:
849:
841:
839:
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775:
748:
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709:
707:
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584:
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569:
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503:
486:
478:
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466:
457:
449:
436:
428:
421:
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406:
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387:
382:
367:The First Brick
319:
307:theophoric name
240:
169:
145:
99:
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
878:
868:
867:
865:Food goddesses
862:
848:
847:
835:
820:
787:
773:
760:
746:
733:
714:
695:
689:
669:
666:
663:
662:
660:, p. 381.
650:
648:, p. 376.
638:
626:
624:, p. 337.
614:
612:, p. 147.
602:
600:, p. 101.
590:
588:, p. 169.
575:
563:
548:
546:, p. 486.
533:
521:
509:
507:, p. 485.
484:
482:, p. 486.
472:
455:
453:, p. 484.
434:
419:
417:, p. 506.
404:
384:
383:
381:
378:
318:
315:
239:
236:
168:
165:
143:
98:
95:
65:
64:
59:
55:
54:
50:
49:
43:
39:
38:
31:
30:
28:Divine butcher
27:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
877:
866:
863:
861:
858:
857:
855:
838:
832:
828:
827:
821:
817:
813:
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805:
801:
797:
793:
788:
784:
780:
776:
770:
766:
761:
757:
753:
749:
747:0-931464-80-3
743:
739:
734:
724:
720:
715:
705:
701:
696:
692:
686:
679:
678:
672:
671:
659:
654:
647:
642:
635:
630:
623:
618:
611:
606:
599:
594:
587:
582:
580:
573:, p. 58.
572:
567:
561:, p. 89.
560:
555:
553:
545:
540:
538:
530:
525:
519:, p. 56.
518:
513:
506:
501:
499:
497:
495:
493:
491:
489:
481:
476:
470:, p. 90.
469:
464:
462:
460:
452:
447:
445:
443:
441:
439:
432:, p. 24.
431:
426:
424:
416:
411:
409:
402:, p. 55.
401:
396:
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385:
377:
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368:
363:
361:
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352:
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329:
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314:
312:
308:
303:
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297:
293:
288:
286:
282:
281:Ur III period
278:
273:
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253:
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235:
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71:
63:
60:
56:
51:
48:
44:
40:
37:
32:
25:
20:
840:. Retrieved
825:
799:
795:
764:
737:
727:, retrieved
722:
708:, retrieved
703:
676:
668:Bibliography
658:Lambert 2013
653:
646:Lambert 2013
641:
629:
622:Lambert 2013
617:
605:
593:
566:
524:
512:
475:
415:Lambert 2013
374:Abu Salabikh
371:
366:
364:
355:
353:
322:
321:In the myth
320:
304:
299:
289:
274:
255:
241:
225:
220:
216:
192:
170:
158:
154:
148:
137:
128:
118:
100:
81:
69:
68:
725:(in German)
706:(in German)
610:George 1993
586:George 1993
559:Simons 2017
468:Simons 2017
430:George 1993
266:Uruinimgina
854:Categories
842:2022-07-24
729:2022-04-28
710:2022-04-28
380:References
257:Zame Hymns
207:, Ninšar,
45:AB.NAGAR,
34:Member of
816:2196-6761
783:861537250
719:"Nin-šár"
700:"Nin-SAR"
634:Stol 2000
349:Šassūrātu
333:Shuzianna
317:Mythology
279:from the
264:built by
252:Shuruppak
217:An = Anum
185:Urukagina
167:Character
155:An = Anum
129:Nin-nì-si
125:logograms
120:An = Anum
103:cuneiform
82:Nin-nisig
53:Genealogy
36:Šassūrātu
756:27813103
360:Ninkurra
189:Ningirsu
84:) was a
78:𒀭𒊩𒌆𒊬
74:Sumerian
341:Ninmada
292:Kassite
290:In the
242:In the
238:Worship
228:Erragal
213:Ninmada
209:Ninkasi
197:Ninimma
62:Erragal
833:
814:
781:
771:
754:
744:
687:
345:Mumudu
337:Ninmug
328:Ninmah
262:Lagash
254:. The
248:Nippur
201:Ennugi
181:Lagash
177:Shulgi
91:Nippur
70:Ninšar
58:Spouse
47:Nippur
22:Ninšar
681:(PDF)
270:Girsu
193:nagar
160:Šurpu
140:Nuska
831:ISBN
812:ISSN
779:OCLC
769:ISBN
752:OCLC
742:ISBN
685:ISBN
326:and
324:Enki
305:The
294:and
277:Umma
250:and
232:Erra
211:and
205:Kusu
173:Ekur
133:Mari
97:Name
804:doi
354:In
107:NIN
105:as
856::
810:.
800:44
798:.
794:.
777:.
750:.
721:,
702:,
683:.
578:^
551:^
536:^
487:^
458:^
437:^
422:^
407:^
388:^
362:.
343:,
339:,
335:,
313:.
287:.
285:Ur
272:.
223:.
203:,
199:,
163:.
144:12
76::
845:.
818:.
806::
785:.
758:.
693:.
72:(
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