256:, notes that in particular, "an obvious example is the first, nominally to Thomas Pennant, but which is clearly contrived, as it introduces the parish, briefly summarizing its position, geography and principal physical features." White's biographer, Richard Mabey, estimates that up to 46 out of 66 'letters to Daines Barrington' "were probably never sent through the post"; Mabey explains that it is hard to be more precise, because of White's extensive editing. Some letters are dated although never sent. Some dates have been altered. Some letters have been cut down, split into shorter 'letters', merged, or distributed in small parts into other letters. A section about insect-eating birds in a letter sent to Barrington in 1770 appears in the book as letter 41 to Pennant. Personal remarks have been removed throughout. Thus, while the book is genuinely based on letters to Pennant and Barrington, the structure of the book is a literary device.
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541:, pass through their choir and cloiser in the dark"; (Item 10th) to cease "living dissolutely after the flesh, and not after the spirit" as it has been proven that some of the canons "sleep naked in their beds without their breeches and shirts"; (Item 11th) to stop "keeping hounds, and publicly attending hunting-matches" and "noisy tumultuous huntings"; (Item 17th) to properly maintain their houses and the convent itself, since they have allowed "through neglect, notorious dilapidations to take place"; (Item 29th) to stop wearing "foppish ornaments, and the affectation of appearing like beaux with garments edged with costly furs, with fringed gloves, and silken girdles trimmed with gold and silver." Richard Mabey describes White's reaction to the "Priory saga" as "grave disapproval of the monks' sensuality and ... general delinquency".
565:." The final letter records that "No sooner did the priory .. become an appendage to the college, but it must at once have tended to swift decay." White notes that since then, even "the very foundations have been torn up for the repair of the highways" so that nothing is left but a rough pasture "full of hillocks and pits, choaked with nettles, and dwarf-elder, and trampled by the feet of the ox and the heifer". White had reason to be bitter about the takeover by Magdalen College, as it had made them Lords of the Manor of Selborne, which in turn gave them the right to appoint the parish priest. White's biographer Richard Mabey casts doubt on the "frequent assumption" that White's "deepest regret was that he could never be vicar of Selborne", but it was true that he was ineligible, as only fellows of Magdalen could be granted the living.
435:(1726–1798), of which the first nine were never posted and are thus undated. Of those that were posted, the first, Letter 10 giving an overview of Selborne, is dated 4 August 1767; the last, Letter 44 on wood pigeons, is dated 30 November 1780. It is not known how the men became friends, or even if they ever met; White writes repeatedly that he would like to meet "to have a little conversation face to face after we have corresponded so freely for several years" so it is certain they did not meet for long periods, and possible they never met at all. The letters are edited from the form in which they were actually posted; for example, Letter 10 as posted had a cringing introductory paragraph of thanks to Pennant which White edited out of the published version.
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877:(1789) holds a unique position in English literature as the solitary classic of natural history. It is not easy to give, in a few words, a reason for its remarkable success. It is, in fact, not so much a logically arranged and systematic book as an invaluable record of the life work of a simple and refined man who succeeded in picturing himself as well as what he saw. The reader is carried along by his interest in the results of far-sighted observation; but, more than this, the reader imbibes the spirit of the writer which pervades the whole book and endears it to like-minded naturalists as a valued companion.
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458:(1727–1800), occupying half the book. Letter 1, on summer birds of passage, is dated 30 June 1769; Letter 66, on thunderstorms, is dated 25 June 1787. The Barrington letters therefore largely overlap the time frame of those to Pennant, but began and ended somewhat later. It was Barrington who suggested to White that he should write a book from his observations; although Pennant had been corresponding with White for a while, he was relying on White for natural history information for his own books, and, suggests White's biographer
298:, the most lovely of all forest trees, whether we consider its smooth rind or bark, its glossy foliage, or graceful pendulous boughs. The down, or sheepwalk, is a pleasing park-like spot, of about one mile by half that space, jutting out on the verge of the hill-country, where it begins to break down into the plains, and commanding a very engaging view, being an assemblage of hill, dale, wood-lands, heath, and water. The prospect is bounded to the south-east and east by the vast range of mountains called the
362:, engraved by W. Angus and aquatinted. Grimm had lived in England since 1768, and was quite a famous artist, costing 2½ guineas per week. In the event, he stayed in Selborne for 28 days, and White recorded that he worked very hard on 24 of them. White also described Grimm's method, which was to sketch the landscape in lead pencil, then to put in the shading, and finally to add a light wash of watercolour. The illustrations were engraved (signed at lower right) by a variety of engravers including
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offered a wide world to anyone willing to dig deep. Selborne said: watch narrowly, skim close to the ground. It whispered, hushed, what
Thoreau would later broadcast: "We are acquainted with a mere pellicle of the globe on which we live. Most have not delved six feet beneath the surface, nor leaped as many above it. We know not where we are." In those words, as in all Walden, Thoreau may have had in mind the village of Selborne and the Reverend Gilbert White--the town reached only by
1016:. For years I was put off by the aura of sanctity and bluffness which seemed to surround it. It was the kind of book presented on prize-giving days, and I saw it as a work, in all senses, of the old school. Even when I eventually came to read it, I cannot say my opinion changed dramatically. I could not cope at first with its rambling disorder, its sudden plunges into thickets of taxonomic Latin, and, for a while, I failed to notice the feeling behind the often dispassionate prose.
292:. Being very large and extensive, it abuts on twelve parishes, two of which are in Sussex—viz, Trotton and Rogate. ... The soils of this district are almost as various and diversified as the views and aspects. The high part of the south-west consists of a vast hill of chalk, rising three hundred feet above the village, and is divided into a sheep-down, the high wood and a long hanging wood, called The Hanger. The covert of this eminence is altogether
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Europe, and even beyond its limits, was a most extraordinary appearance, unlike anything known within the memory of man ... The sun, at noon, looked as blank as a clouded moon, and shed a rust-coloured ferruginous light on the ground, and floors of rooms; but was particularly lurid and blood-coloured at rising and setting. All this time the heat was so intense that butcher's meat could hardly be eaten on the day after it was killed ...
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417:. There is one circumstance characteristic of this bird which seems to have escaped observation, and that is, it takes its stand on the top of some stake or post, from whence it springs forth on its prey, catching a fly in the air, and hardly ever touching the ground, but returning still to the same stand for many times together.
911:. If it were not for his fame as a naturalist and writer, nothing in his life would distinguish him from hundreds of country parsons in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Natural History of Selborne is an oddly unassuming masterpiece, its haphazard construction revealing the process by which White came to write it.
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of the first appearances in the year of different animals and plants; and observations of natural history organized more or less systematically by species and group. A second volume, less often reprinted, covered the antiquities of
Selborne. Some of the letters were never posted, and were written for
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Out of the ruts and the ways of its village, Selborne fashioned a new natural history. It spoke simply, with a human voice. But it looked profoundly. It pioneered a way for students of nature who wished, as White did, not to roam the high Arctic or far
Pacific but to fathom their own terrain. It
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The old tortoise, that I have mentioned in a former letter, still continues in this garden, and retired underground about the 20th of
November, and came out again for one day on the 30th : it lies now buried in a wet swampy border under a wall facing to the south, and is enveloped at present in
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event around the year. The third is a collection of observations, organised by animal or plant group and species, with a section on meteorology. The apparently rambling structure of the book is in fact bracketed by opening and closing sections, arranged like the rest as letters, which "give form and
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of April 1789 wrote that "A more delightful, or more original work than Mr. White's
History of Selborne has seldom been published ... Natural History has evidently been the author's principal study, and, of that, ornithology is evidently the favourite. The book is not a compilation from former
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he sequestered retreat of the naturalist still remains ... inaccessible to all the improved knowledge and refinement which belong to these enlightened and virtuous times. It has been excluded from the blessings of increasing commerce and population, from factories and filiations, manufactures
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The manuscript for the book stayed in the White family until 1895, when it was auctioned at
Sotheby's. The purchaser was Stuart M. Samuel, who mounted the letters and bound the book in green Morocco leather. His library was sold in 1907. The manuscript was bought by the dealer A.S.W. Rosenbach in
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an amazing and portentous one, and full of horrible phenomena; for, besides the alarming meteors and tremendous thunderstorms that affrighted and distressed the different counties of this kingdom, the peculiar haze, or smoky fog, that prevailed for many weeks in this island, and in every part of
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462:, must have wanted White as a continuing source of information, not as a rival author. Barrington, on the other hand, liked to theorize about the natural world, but had little interest in making observations himself, and tended to accept claimed facts uncritically.
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in 1373, to correct the scandalous "particular abuses" in the religious houses in the parish. He orders the canons of
Selborne priory (Item 5th) "to take care that the doors of their church and priory be so attended to that no suspected and disorderly females,
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1923, and passed into the collection of Arthur A. Houghton. The
Houghton collection was auctioned by Christie's in 1980, where the manuscript was purchased by and for "Gilbert White's House and Gardens" at The Wakes, Selborne, where it is displayed.
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in 1459. White describes this as a disastrous fall: "Thus fell the considerable and well-endowed priory of
Selborne after it had subsisted about two hundred and fifty-four years; about seventy-four years after the suppression of priories alien by
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As a compilation of letters and other materials, the book as a whole has an uneven structure. The first part is a diary-like sequence of 'letters', with the breaks and wanderings that naturally follow. The second is a calendar, organized by
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imitated its style of natural history letters. Thomas
Carlyle wrote that "It is one of our most excellent books; White, a quiet country Parson, has preached a better sermon here than all the loud Bishops that then were".
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A vast insect appears after it is dusk, flying with a humming noise, and inserting its tongue into the bloom of the honey-suckle; it scarcely settles upon the plants, but feeds on the wing in the manner of humming birds.
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was at once well received by contemporary critics and the public, and continued to be admired by a diverse range of nineteenth and twentieth century literary figures. His work has been seen as an early contribution to
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has been continuously in print since its first publication. It was long held ("apocryphally", according to White's biographer, Richard Mabey) to be the fourth-most published book in the English language after the
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publications, but the result of many years' attentive observations to nature itself, which are told not only with the precision of a philosopher, but with that happy selection of circumstances, which mark the
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In 1830, an anonymous critic, in what critic Tobias Menely called a description of Selborne "as a place that lingers beyond the spatio-temporal horizon of modern life", wrote having visited the village that:
1061:(1797), presents a phenological list of 19 birds which are "chiefly selected from Mr. White's Natural History of Selborne, and are arranged nearly in the order of their appearing". The list begins with the
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White has the strange power to make natural historians of his readers, whether gardeners, historians or biologists", noting that this demands analysis. He observes further that "White is straight out of
590:, near Battle, Sussex. The observations depend on the latitude of these places and on the (global) climate, forming a baseline for comparison with modern observations. For example, "
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These are a few curiosities such as frozen sleet and the "black spring" of 1771. He also recorded the effects on the weather of the 1783 volcanic eruption of the Icelandic crater
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Letter 1 begins "It is reasonable to suppose that in remote ages this woody and mountainous district was inhabited only by bears and wolves." Letter 2 discusses Selborne in
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Part of White's appeal lies in this ability to summon a powerful, particular vision of pre-industrial England. He offers his readers the key to a walled garden of mellow
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White's lifelong friend John Mulso wrote to him in 1776, correctly predicting that "Your work, upon the whole, will immortalize your Place of Abode as well as Yourself."
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heard" is recorded by White for 7—26 April, and by Markwick for 15 April and 3 May (presumably only once at the earlier date) and "last heard" by Markwick on 28 June.
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s reception in the two hundred years since its initial publication offers a vivid instance of the retrospective idealization that transforms history into heritage.
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517:. Letter 3 describes the village's church, which "has no pretensions to antiquity, and is, as I suppose, of no earlier date than the beginning of the reign of
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as a young man, inspiring him to take "much pleasure in watching the habits of birds" and to wonder "why every gentleman did not become an ornithologist".
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A sequence of Letters then relate the history of the priors of Selborne, until Letter 24 which relates the takeover of the priory by
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Hazell, D.L., Heinsohn, R.G. and Lindenmayer, D.B. 2005. Ecology. Pp. 97–112 in R.Q. Grafton, L. Robin and R.J. Wasson (eds.),
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1662:"With skirmish and capricious passagings': ornithological and poetic discourse in the nightingale poems of Coleridge and Clare"
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observed that "By some apparently unconscious device .. a door left open, through which we hear distant sounds." Among poets,
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stated that "Selfishly, I, too, would have plumbed to know you: I could have learned so much." The naturalist and broadcaster
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between 8 June 1783 and February 1784, killing up to a quarter of the people of Iceland and spreading a haze as far as Egypt.
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BRANCH: Britain, Representation and Nineteenth-Century History. Extension of Romanticism and Victorianism on the Net
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The observations relate to trees, seeds, "beans sown by birds", "cucumbers set by bees", and a few fungi (truffles,
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Many of the 'letters' were never posted, and were written especially for the book. Patrick Armstrong, in his book
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of 26 "Letters", none of them posted, and without even the fiction of being addressed to Pennant or Barrington.
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Since 2018 the complete manuscript is digitized and online available at the website of Gilbert White's House.
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Davidson-Houston, R. (December 2005). "Early Reviews of 'The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne'".
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scale and even a semblance of narrative structure to what would otherwise have been a shapeless anthology."
241:. In these letters, White details the natural history of the area around his family home at the vicarage of
179:. The book has been enjoyed for its charm and apparent simplicity, and the way that it creates a vision of
284:; is about fifty miles south-west of London, in latitude fifty-one, and near mid-way between the towns of
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The book was published late in White's life, compiled from a mixture of his letters to other naturalists—
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The Letters to Gilbert White of Selborne, From His Intimate Friend and Contemporary The Rev. John Mulso
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wrote that "In this present year, 1915, at least, it is hard to find a flaw in the life he led" while
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Thomas White wrote "a long, appreciative, but.. properly restrained review" of his brother's book in
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in the churchyard. Letter 7 describes the (ruined) priory. Letter 11 discusses the properties of the
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The 'Vermes' cover glow-worms, earthworms, snails and slugs, and a "snake's slough", a cast skin.
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Mulso, John (1906). "Letter to Gilbert White, 16 July 1776". In Holt-White, Rashleigh (ed.).
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Of the abbreviations used, fl. signifies flowering; 1. leafing; and ap. the first appearance.
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This is the longest section of the observations, with comments in each instance by Markwick.
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Timothy, inherited from his aunt, form the basis for a variety of literary mentions.
853:. He devoted his time to studying White's work, and editing new edition of the book.
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143:. It has been continuously in print since then, with nearly 300 editions up to 2007.
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His world is round and simple and complete; the British country; the perfect escape.
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times; Selborne was according to White a royal manor, belonging to Editha, queen to
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that White "simply observed nature with a sharp eye and wrote about it lovingly."
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of January 1789, commenting that "Sagacity of observation runs through the work".
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in Surrey, to the north-east, which altogether, with the country beyond Alton and
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2093:"New light on an old tortoise - Gilbert White's Selborne tortoise re-discovered"
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These are a few entries on sheep, rabbits, cats and squirrels, horse and hounds.
413:(for which we have as yet no name in these parts) is called in your zoology the
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For a short video (in three parts) about the digitalisation of the manuscript:
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has been preserved and is displayed in the Gilbert White museum at The Wakes,
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1960:. Vol. 1: Land Birds. Newcastle: Beilby and Bewick. pp. xxii–xxiii.
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as part of her "wonderful, varied and advanced education for a young girl".
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Gilbert White: A biography of the author of The Natural History of Selborne
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The parish of Selborne lies in the extreme eastern corner of the county of
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I must confess that, like many others, I did not come painlessly to the
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The Growth of Biological Thought: Diversity, Evolution, and Inheritance
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1848:"Publication of Gilbert White's The Natural History of Selborne, 1789"
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The Cambridge History of English and American Literature in 18 Volumes
1144:(1946). The tortoise also finds its way into science, as its species,
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Letter-Writers. Bartleby's Cambridge History of Literature, 1907–1921
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The first edition was illustrated with paintings by the Swiss artist
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called White "A man in total harmony with his world." The novelist
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This section, often omitted from later editions, consists like the
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586:(1739–1812), and supplemented by Markwick's own observations from
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This section, compiled posthumously, contains a list of some 500
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Understanding the Environment: Bridging the Disciplinary Divides
1705:"The Natural History of Selborne by Gilbert White | Book Review"
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observations in Selborne from White's manuscripts, organised by
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Virginia Woolf liked the book enough to devote an essay in her
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1769:. Vol. 10. The Age of Johnson. Cambridge University Press
1604:"Traveling in Place:Gilbert White's Cosmopolitan Parochialism"
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1791:. Sydney, NSW: University of New South Wales Press, (p. 99).
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221:, is presented as a compilation of 44 letters nominally to
139:(1720–1793). It was first published in 1789 by his brother
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King, Amy M. (August 2013). Felluga, Dino Franco (ed.).
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Ward, Adolphus William; et al., eds. (1907–1921).
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Biodiversity Library: First edition published in 1789
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called it "This sweet delightful book". The novelist
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Various writers have commented on the book. The poet
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The book was widely admired by contemporary writers.
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1219:(2004 ed.). Thames & Hudson. Archived from
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Richard Mabey writes in his biography of White that
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Cambridge History of English and American Literature
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A little yellow bird (it is either a species of the
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Observations in Various Branches of Natural History
346:. Painting by Samuel Hieronymus Grimm; engraved by
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902:The medical historian Richard Barnett writes that
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1248:. London: Cassell & Company. pp. 38–39.
447:Correspondent: the English lawyer and naturalist
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1868:. Hampshire County Council. 2013. Archived from
1818:. Strebeigh.com (originally in Audubon magazine)
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387:Correspondent: the Welsh author and naturalist
354:" was Henry White, dressed to look picturesque.
326:; "Selborne is set solidly in the foreground."
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108:The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne
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1136:(2006) is based wholly on that reptile, as is
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322:"No novelist could have opened better", wrote
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1217:"The Illustrated Natural History of Selborne"
894:gives a more balanced view, writing in 1941:
1730:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
938:nonfiction tutor Fred Strebeigh, writing in
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2895:Concealing-Coloration in the Animal Kingdom
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1761:Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne
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474:Letter 65 describes the summer of 1783 as:
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1980:. Harvard University Press. p. 397.
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1306:The Captain's Death Bed and Other Essays
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532:Letter 14 describes the visit of bishop
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1727:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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1134:Timothy; or, Notes of an Abject Reptile
483:This was caused by the eruption of the
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342:in the 1813 edition of Gilbert White's
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2150:The Visitor (A Roald Dahl Short Story)
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2153:. Penguin Books Limited. p. 58.
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2000:
1579:
1577:
1547:
1354:White, 1789. Letter 17 to Barrington.
1241:
959:ruts running well beneath the surface
927:'s country churchyard and an ancient
810:
439:Letters to the Hon. Daines Barrington
318:, form a noble and extensive outline.
2146:
2068:. The Tortoise Table. Archived from
1970:
1934:from the original on 6 December 2023
1845:
1717:
1696:
1640:
1310:. White's Selborne. Harcourt, Brace.
1235:
1156:, has been rediscovered in Algeria.
2773:The Naturalist on the River Amazons
2371:
2230:Gilbert White's original manuscript
1902:from the original on 16 August 2022
1586:The Selborne Association Newsletter
1529:"Book Review: The Selborne Pioneer"
1363:White, 1789. Barrington, Letter 65.
574:From the year 1768 to the year 1793
454:There are 66 letters to the lawyer
24:
2251:Biodiversity Library: 1877 edition
2246:Biodiversity Library: 1813 edition
1574:
1321:Mabey 1986, pp. 156, 158, 165–167.
521:." Letter 5 describes the ancient
25:
3047:
2303:
2218:
2007:. Faber & Faber. p. 69.
1814:Strebeigh, Fred (November 1988).
1703:GrrlScientist (5 November 2013).
1209:
280:, and not far from the county of
2963:
2286:
2037:Zaltzmann, Helen (1 July 2007).
1065:("Middle of March"), places the
856:
329:
3005:List of natural history dealers
2673:The Natural History of Selborne
2293:The Natural History of Selborne
2242:(Harper and brothers, New York)
2140:
2084:
2058:
2030:
1946:
1858:
1781:
1750:
1679:
1659:
1653:
1506:
1497:
1466:
1457:
1418:
1405:
1392:
1366:
1357:
1348:
783:
715:The Natural History of Selborne
424:The Natural History of Selborne
379:The Natural History of Selborne
217:The main part of the book, the
158:observations made by White and
129:The Natural History of Selborne
2907:Adaptive Coloration in Animals
1315:
1292:
1283:
1260:
559:dissolution of the monasteries
268:The unposted Letter 1 begins:
229:of the day, and 66 letters to
13:
1:
2179:The English Parson-Naturalist
1956:(1797–1804). "Introduction".
1531:. NthPosition. Archived from
1373:Neale, Greg (15 April 2010).
1203:
1120:White's frequent accounts in
1031:
944:in 1988, compared White with
600:The table begins as follows:
539:suspectae at aliae inhonestae
338:Half-title oval illustration
276:, bordering on the county of
254:The English Parson-Naturalist
2091:Highfield, A.C.; Martin, J.
1924:"Gilbert White's Manuscript"
1892:"Gilbert White's Manuscript"
1744:UK public library membership
1558:. R. H. Porter. p. 266.
890:. The British ornithologist
865:begins its essay on White's
778:
373:
7:
2663:Bernard Germain de Lacépède
2296:public domain audiobook at
2224:Online versions of the book
2177:Armstrong, Patrick (2000).
1312:cited by Mabey 1986, p. 202
631:3–31 Jan., and again 6 Oct
602:
498:The Antiquities of Selborne
405:, or rather perhaps of the
344:Natural History of Selborne
197:
18:Natural History of Selborne
10:
3052:
2685:A History of British Birds
2170:
1958:A History of British Birds
1916:Gilbert White's Manuscript
1142:The Portrait of a Tortoise
1058:A History of British Birds
915:Barnett notes, too, that:
717:. Observations on Insects.
48:Title page of 1813 edition
3000:Natural History Societies
2972:
2961:
2877:
2868:The Royal Natural History
2720:Ornithological Dictionary
2707:
2629:Johan Christian Fabricius
2555:
2461:
2388:
2379:
2270:Project Gutenberg edition
2260:Archive.org: 1880 edition
2240:Archive.org: 1841 edition
1691:Letter to J. P. Eckermann
1641:Anon (1830). "Selborne".
1527:Barnett, Richard (2007).
1043:
881:
798:An anonymous reviewer in
529:in and near the village.
395:Letters to Thomas Pennant
306:, and by the Downs round
101:
93:
83:
73:
63:
53:
41:
2846:The Naturalist's Library
2749:On the Origin of Species
2324:by Richard Barnett, 2007
2280:
1620:10.1215/00982601-28-3-46
1280:Mabey, 1986. pp. 202–203
1242:White, Gilbert (1887) .
1198:
793:The Gentleman's Magazine
546:Magdalen College, Oxford
2980:Natural history museums
2582:Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
1816:"Letters from Selborne"
1608:Eighteenth-Century Life
1602:Menely, Tobias (2004).
1161:Samuel Taylor Coleridge
1051:, in the first volume (
831:Samuel Taylor Coleridge
569:A Naturalist's Calendar
360:Samuel Hieronymus Grimm
212:Samuel Hieronymus Grimm
3026:1789 non-fiction books
2832:William Jackson Hooker
2780:Alexander von Humboldt
2697:Philosophie zoologique
2480:Pinax theatri botanici
2203:. Century Hutchinson.
1266:Armstrong, 2000. p. 83
1193:The Amateur Naturalist
1138:Sylvia Townsend Warner
1114:The Pilgrim's Progress
1073:in the middle of May.
1018:
1002:
963:
933:
913:
900:
879:
827:
710:
481:
472:
451:
426:. Letter 10 to Pennant
419:
391:
355:
320:
214:
206:Foldout frontispiece,
3031:Natural history books
2918:The Study of Instinct
2857:Kunstformen der Natur
2761:The Malay Archipelago
2756:Alfred Russel Wallace
2692:Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
2320:Review of Dadswell's
2275:Kindle edition (free)
2001:Uglow, Jenny (2012).
1896:Gilbert White's House
1759:"16. Gilbert White's
1736:10.1093/ref:odnb/2029
1010:
995:
954:
917:
904:
896:
871:
818:
698:
476:
467:
446:
399:
386:
337:
302:, by Guild-down near
270:
205:
175:and in particular to
132:is a book by English
2837:Joseph Dalton Hooker
2790:The Birds of America
2322:The Selborne Pioneer
2147:Dahl, Roald (2012).
1919:– via YouTube.
1643:New Monthly Magazine
1105:works of Shakespeare
923:brick, lying beside
515:Edward the Confessor
225:, a leading British
2885:Martinus Beijerinck
2428:De Natura Animalium
1667:. Worcester College
1571:Mabey, 1986. p. 207
1463:Mabey, 1986. p. 27.
1345:Mabey, 1986, p. 119
1333:Mabey, 1986, p. 105
761:, and fairy rings).
668:Helleborus hiemalis
607:
470:mud and mire !
407:Motacilla trochilus
38:
2990:Parson-naturalists
2822:Philip Henry Gosse
2785:John James Audubon
2768:Henry Walter Bates
2656:Histoire Naturelle
2644:Historia Plantarum
2532:Avium Praecipuarum
2516:Historia animalium
2417:Historia Plantarum
2405:History of Animals
1535:on 21 January 2013
1512:Mabey, 1986. p. 62
1503:Mabey, 1986. p. 16
1223:on 3 February 2013
1177:David Attenborough
1130:Verlyn Klinkenborg
967:Indiana University
811:Nineteenth century
661:3 March, 10 April
603:
534:William of Wykeham
452:
392:
356:
237:and Fellow of the
215:
34:
3036:Illustrated books
3013:
3012:
2959:
2958:
2577:Marcello Malpighi
2471:Ulisse Aldrovandi
2451:De Materia Medica
2332:by Tobias Meneley
2160:978-1-4059-1120-7
2072:on 2 October 2016
2039:"Slow and steady"
2027:Mabey, 1986. p. 6
2014:978-0-571-29045-1
1987:978-0-674-36446-2
1836:Mabey, 1986. p. 3
1742:(Subscription or
1689:(2 August 1848),
965:Tobias Menely of
691:
690:
676:28 Feb, 17 April
606:
595:(Cuculus canorus)
550:William Waynflete
456:Daines Barrington
449:Daines Barrington
231:Daines Barrington
152:Daines Barrington
134:parson-naturalist
119:
118:
94:Publication place
16:(Redirected from
3043:
2967:
2940:The Dancing Bees
2864:Richard Lydekker
2812:Jean-Henri Fabre
2797:William Buckland
2602:Regnier de Graaf
2496:Andrea Cesalpino
2386:
2385:
2366:
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2343:
2342:
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2289:
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2165:
2164:
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2135:
2133:
2122:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2095:. Tortoise Trust
2088:
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1724:"Bell, Thomas".
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1213:
1087:, too, read the
941:Audubon magazine
873:Gilbert White's
869:with the words:
751:Observations on
741:Observations on
732:Observations on
723:Observations on
718:
666:Winter aconite (
608:
604:
584:William Markwick
427:
403:Alauda trivialis
160:William Markwick
85:Publication date
46:
39:
33:
21:
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2968:
2955:
2936:Karl von Frisch
2873:
2842:William Jardine
2732:Le Règne Animal
2703:
2651:Comte de Buffon
2612:Systema Naturae
2551:
2523:Frederik Ruysch
2501:Valerius Cordus
2491:Hieronymus Bock
2457:
2439:Natural History
2434:Pliny the Elder
2391:
2381:
2375:
2373:Natural history
2370:
2306:
2287:
2283:
2262:(complete with
2226:
2221:
2211:
2189:
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2168:
2161:
2145:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2126:"Gilbert White"
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2015:
1999:
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1898:. 26 May 2018.
1890:
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1872:on 4 March 2016
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1687:Carlyle, Thomas
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1316:
1300:Woolf, Virginia
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1096:Natural History
1089:Natural History
1081:Natural History
1046:
1034:
1014:Natural History
884:
859:
813:
800:The Topographer
786:
781:
759:Tremella nostoc
720:
713:Gilbert White,
712:
706:
696:
638:Alauda arvensis
623:Sylvia rubecula
576:
571:
527:Knights Templar
504:Natural History
500:
441:
429:
422:Gilbert White,
421:
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219:Natural History
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168:Natural History
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68:Natural history
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2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2946:Ronald Lockley
2943:
2933:
2921:
2914:Niko Tinbergen
2911:
2899:
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2879:
2875:
2874:
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2871:
2861:
2849:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2782:
2777:
2765:
2753:
2744:Charles Darwin
2741:
2736:
2727:Georges Cuvier
2724:
2715:George Montagu
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2709:
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2701:
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2599:
2597:Jan Swammerdam
2594:
2589:
2587:William Derham
2584:
2579:
2574:
2561:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2539:
2528:William Turner
2525:
2520:
2511:Conrad Gessner
2508:
2506:Leonhart Fuchs
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2476:Gaspard Bauhin
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2305:
2304:About the book
2302:
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2219:External links
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2197:Mabey, Richard
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1189:Gerald Durrell
1165:Virginia Woolf
1153:Testudo graeca
1147:Testudo whitei
1077:Charles Darwin
1045:
1042:
1033:
1030:
883:
880:
861:The 1907–1921
858:
855:
840:Charles Darwin
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765:Meteorological
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2929:On Aggression
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2924:Konrad Lorenz
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2132:29 September
2130:. Retrieved
2099:28 September
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2076:28 September
2074:. Retrieved
2070:the original
2060:
2050:28 September
2048:. Retrieved
2044:The Guardian
2042:
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2004:The Pinecone
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1996:
1976:
1966:
1957:
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1886:
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1870:the original
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1533:the original
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1491:
1476:, Letter 24.
1473:
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767:Observations
758:
714:
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599:
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580:phenological
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368:Peter Mazell
357:
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293:
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2807:Mary Anning
2592:Hans Sloane
2542:John Gerard
2536:New Herball
2463:Renaissance
2446:Dioscorides
2382:naturalists
2264:Antiquities
2255:Thomas Bell
1972:Mayr, Ernst
1492:Antiquities
1474:Antiquities
1452:Antiquities
1428:, Letter 3.
1426:Antiquities
1415:, Letter 2.
1413:Antiquities
1402:, Letter 1.
1400:Antiquities
1185:The Visitor
1173:W. H. Auden
1109:John Bunyan
993:" and that
925:Thomas Gray
909:Jane Austen
847:Thomas Bell
621:Redbreast (
290:Petersfield
210:, drawn by
3020:Categories
2380:Pioneering
2310:Review in
2253:edited by
1938:6 December
1921:See also:
1906:6 December
1746:required.)
1227:2 December
1204:References
1181:Roald Dahl
1071:flycatcher
1053:Land Birds
1032:Manuscript
1006:naturalist
921:Queen Anne
835:John Clare
753:Vegetables
745:and Vermes
734:Quadrupeds
651:Nuthatch (
563:Henry VIII
415:flycatcher
188:manuscript
163:the book.
126:, or just
114:Wikisource
2400:Aristotle
2392:antiquity
2390:Classical
2316:(paywall)
1928:The Space
1628:144003692
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1085:Sara Losh
1079:read the
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998:Selborne'
971:Coleridge
851:The Wakes
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779:Reception
658:1–14 Jan.
643:1–18 Jan.
628:1–12 Jan.
616:Markwick
588:Catsfield
519:Henry VII
374:Structure
304:Guildford
274:Hampshire
247:Hampshire
235:barrister
227:zoologist
183:England.
177:phenology
156:phenology
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2639:John Ray
2298:LibriVox
2199:(1986).
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1932:Archived
1900:Archived
1876:10 April
1539:10 April
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1126:tortoise
1094:White's
867:Selborne
523:Yew tree
243:Selborne
198:Overview
192:Selborne
166:White's
141:Benjamin
2171:Sources
1804:edition
1254:3423785
1124:of his
1063:wryneck
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555:Henry V
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488:volcano
350:. The "
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312:Ryegate
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592:Cuckoo
352:hermit
310:, and
282:Surrey
278:Sussex
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2281:Audio
1671:9 May
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2078:2016
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1982:ISBN
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1250:OCLC
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