Nationalism - Knowledge

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their desired objectives can be achieved through the positive outcome of another war. It is linked with irredentism, the conception that a part of the cultural and ethnic nation remains "unredeemed" outside the borders of its appropriate nation state. Revanchist politics often rely on the identification of a nation with a nation state, often mobilizing deep-rooted sentiments of ethnic nationalism, claiming territories outside the state where members of the ethnic group live, while using heavy-handed nationalism to mobilize support for these aims. Revanchist justifications are often presented as based on ancient or even autochthonous occupation of a territory since "time immemorial", an assertion that is usually inextricably involved in revanchism and irredentism, justifying them in the eyes of their proponents.

2450: 4075: 1808: 2283: 2352: 5549:. While nationalism unquestionably helped overcome collective action problems within state borders during the pandemic, it has undermined them at the global scale. The most clear example being been the abject failure of international organizations to coordinate an appropriate response. As they put it, "During the pandemic, a nationalist human calculus has prevailed. Solidarity has been extended to co-nationals but has been less forthcoming beyond that point. All states have responded by turning inward. Border closures have been at the heart of mitigation efforts from the very beginning, and lockdowns legitimated and often enforced through national and patriotic discourses." 4823: 4470: 1998: 3512:

been collaborating with the colonial powers. Nationalistic organizations began to challenge both the traditional and the new colonial structures and finally displaced them. Leaders of nationalist movements took control when the European authorities exited; many ruled for decades or until they died off. These structures included political, educational, religious, and other social organizations. In recent decades, many African countries have undergone the triumph and defeat of nationalistic fervor, changing in the process the loci of the centralizing state power and patrimonial state.

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sees history, especially contemporary history, as the endless rise and decline of great power units and every event that happens seems to him a demonstration that his own side is on the upgrade and some hated rival is on the downgrade. But finally, it is important not to confuse nationalism with mere worship of success. The nationalist does not go on the principle of simply ganging up with the strongest side. On the contrary, having picked his side, he persuades himself that it is the strongest and is able to stick to his belief even when the facts are overwhelmingly against him.

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cross adjacent territories: Bosnia and Herzegovina. Bosnia had no group with a majority; Muslim, Serb, Croat, and Yugoslavs stopped leadership from advancing here as well. Political organizations were not able to deal successfully with such diverse nationalisms. Within the territories, leaderships would not compromise. To do so would create a winner in one ethnic group and a loser in another and raise the possibility of a serious conflict. That strengthened the political stance promoting ethnic identities and caused intense and divided political leadership within Yugoslavia.

3477: 4962:, radical extremism, and aggressive-expansionist militarism. The term Integral Nationalism often overlaps with fascism, although many natural points of disagreement exist. Integral nationalism arises in countries where a strong military ethos has become entrenched through the independence struggle, when, once independence is achieved, it is believed that a strong military is required to ensure the security and viability of the new state. Also, the success of such a liberation struggle results in feelings of national superiority that may lead to extreme nationalism. 4294:

repression that was necessary to maintain shared views. Durkheim identified organic solidarity-based societies as modern societies where there exists a division of labour based on social differentiation that causes alienation. Durkheim claimed that social integration in traditional society required authoritarian culture involving acceptance of a social order. Durkheim claimed that modern society bases integration on the mutual benefits of the division of labour, but noted that the impersonal character of modern urban life caused alienation and feelings of

4674:. Civic nationalism is correlated with long-established states whose dynastic rulers had gradually acquired multiple distinct territories, with little change to boundaries, but which contained historical populations of multiple linguistic and/or confessional backgrounds. Since individuals living within different parts of the state territory might have little obvious common ground, civic nationalism developed as a way for rulers to both explain a contemporary reason for such heterogeneity and to provide a common purpose ( 3858:, to increase Serb nationalism further. As mentioned, that nationalism gave rise to powerful emotions which grew the force of Serbian nationalism by highly nationalist demonstrations in Vojvodina, Serbia, Montenegro, and Kosovo. Serbian nationalism was so high that Slobodan Milošević ousted leaders in Vojvodina and Montenegro, repressed Albanians within Kosovo and eventually controlled four of the eight regions/territories. Slovenia, one of the four regions not under communist control, favoured a democratic state. 2833: 1600: 1972:

more clear than ever a threat to the Ottoman and Habsburg empires, which were essentially multi-national. European culture had been enriched by the new vernacular contributions of little-known or forgotten peoples, but at the same time such unity as it had was imperiled by fragmentation. Moreover, the antagonisms fostered by nationalism had made not only for wars, insurrections, and local hatreds—they had accentuated or created new spiritual divisions in a nominally Christian Europe.

1591:). In practice, nationalism is seen as positive or negative depending on its ideology and outcomes. Nationalism has been a feature of movements for freedom and justice, has been associated with cultural revivals, and encourages pride in national achievements. It has also been used to legitimize racial, ethnic, and religious divisions, suppress or attack minorities, undermine human rights and democratic traditions, and start wars, being frequently cited as a cause of both World Wars. 5521:

television and other media has generated revenues from advertisers and subscribers in the billions of dollars, as the FIFA Scandals of 2015 revealed. Jeff Kingston looks at football, the Commonwealth Games, baseball, cricket, and the Olympics and finds that, "The capacity of sports to ignite and amplify nationalist passions and prejudices is as extraordinary as is their power to console, unify, uplift and generate goodwill." The phenomenon is evident across most of the world. The

4996: 3049: 3080:. He instead endorsed the Piast Concept, which justified a massive shift of Poland's frontiers to the west. After 1945 the Soviet-back puppet communist regime wholeheartedly adopted the Piast Concept, making it the centerpiece of their claim to be the "true inheritors of Polish nationalism". After all the killings, including Nazi German occupation, terror in Poland and population transfers during and after the war, the nation was officially declared as 99% ethnically Polish. 3839: 2211: 4690: 1361: 755: 3874:

Bosnian War. All three major ethnicities in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian Muslims, Croats, Serbs) suffered at the hands of each other. The war garnered assistance from groups, Muslim, Orthodox, and Western Christian, and from state actors, which supplied all sides; Saudi Arabia and Iran supported Bosnia; Russia supported Serbia; Central European and the West, including the US, supported Croatia; and the Pope supported Slovenia and Croatia.

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that would then give Kosovo encouragement to become independent from Serbia. Albanians in Kosovo were already practically independent from Kosovo, but Serbia did not want to let Kosovo become independent. Albanian nationalists wanted their own territory, but that would require a redrawing of the map and threaten neighboring territories. When communism fell in Yugoslavia, serious conflict arose, which led to the rise in extreme nationalism.

3707: 3645: 3604: 2762: 1703:(1744–1803) originated the term in 1772 in his "Treatise on the Origin of Language" stressing the role of a common language. He attached exceptional importance to the concepts of nationality and of patriotism – "he that has lost his patriotic spirit has lost himself and the whole world about himself", whilst teaching that "in a certain sense every human perfection is national". 4506:

identities may cross pre-existing ethnic or linguistic divisions. Anti-colonial independence movements in Africa and Asia in the 1900s were led by individuals who had a set of shared identities and imagined a homeland without external rule. Anderson argues that the racism often experienced as a result of colonial rule and attributed to nationalism is rather due to theories of class.

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Croatia and Slovenia, was several times higher than that of the southern territory. That, combined with escalating violence from ethnic Albanians and Serbs in Kosovo, intensified economic conditions. The violence greatly contributed to the rise of extreme nationalism of Serbs in Serbia and the rest of Yugoslavia. The ongoing conflict in Kosovo was propagandized by a communist Serb,

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contributes to anti-colonial nationalism, if one conceives of anti-colonial movements to be movements consisting of one specific ethnic group against an outside ruling party. Edward Said also saw nationalism as ethnic, at least in part, and argued that nationalist narratives often go hand in hand with racism, as communities define themselves in relation to the other.

2658:, the social, political and ideological movement that tried to shape a Spanish national identity based on the Castilian model, in conflict with the other historical nations of the State. Politicians of the time were aware that despite the aggressive policies pursued up to that time, the uniform and monocultural "Spanish nation" did not exist, as indicated in 1835 by 4219:

language understood by a community of people. Modernist theorists note that this is only possible in modern societies, while traditional societies typically lack the prerequisites for nationalism. They lack a modern self-sustainable economy, have divided authorities, and use multiple languages resulting in many groups being unable to communicate with each other.

4682:(1882) as a voluntary partnership for a common endeavor). Renan argued that factors such as ethnicity, language, religion, economics, geography, ruling dynasty and historic military deeds were important but not sufficient. Needed was a spiritual soul that allowed as a "daily referendum" among the people. Civic-national ideals influenced the development of 2252:

Spain. These juntas were established as a result of Napoleon's resistance failure in Spain. They served to determine new leadership and, in colonies like Caracas, abolished the slave trade as well as the Indian tribute. The division exploded between Spaniards who were born in Spain (called "peninsulares") versus those of Spanish descent born in

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reference of their lives from the kingdom of God and the brotherhood of mankind to these apparently more living realities, France and England, Holy Russia, Spain, Prussia.... **** In the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries the general population of Europe was religious and only vaguely patriotic; by the nineteenth it had become wholly patriotic.

4901:: the nation fulfils the masculine ideals of comradeship and brotherhood. Masculinity has been cited as a notable factor in producing political militancy. A common feature of national crisis is a drastic shift in the socially acceptable ways of being a man, which then helps to shape the gendered perception of the nation as a whole. 5588:. Much of the early opposition to nationalism was related to its geopolitical ideal of a separate state for every nation. The classic nationalist movements of the 19th century rejected the very existence of the multi-ethnic empires in Europe, contrary to an ideological critique of nationalism which developed into several forms of 1831:, where British people began to mobilize on a state-wide scale, rather than just in the smaller units of their province, town or family. The early emergence of a popular patriotic nationalism took place in the mid-18th century and was actively promoted by the British government and by the writers and intellectuals of the time. 2348:

core of his message was the need for a strong, unified state—a unified Germany under Prussian supervision. "It is the highest duty of the State to increase its power," he stated. Although he was a descendant of a Czech family, he considered himself not Slavic but German: "I am 1000 times more the patriot than a professor."

2686:"There is an intimate and decisive dualism, both in Italian fascism and in German National Socialism. On the one hand, the Hegelian doctrine of the absolutism of the state is felt. The State originates in the Nation, educates and shapes the mentality of the individual; is, in Mussolini's words, the soul of the soul." 2555:, an alliance with Hitler's Germany, and humiliation and hardship in the Second World War. After 1945, the Catholics returned to government and tensions eased somewhat, but the former two Sicilies remained poor and partially underdeveloped (by industrial country standards). In the 1950s and early 1960s, Italy had an 5487: 3797:

Governments would become vehicles for social interests, and the country would attempt to form national policies based on the majority culture, religion or ethnicity. Some newly sprouted democracies had large differences in policies on matters, which ranged from immigration and human rights to trade and commerce.

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real or imagined situations in combination with immediate situations that make individuals confront a common situation of both subjective and objective components that affect their decisions. As such proximate environments cause people to make decisions based on existing situations and anticipated situations.

3141:("History of the Slav-Bulgarians"), which appeared in 1762, was the first work of Bulgarian historiography. It is considered Paisius' greatest work and one of the greatest pieces of Bulgarian literature. In it, Paisius interpreted Bulgarian medieval history with the goal of reviving the spirit of his nation. 4615:

ability to assimilate with the nation due to its belonging to a cross-border community (Irish Catholics in Britain, Ashkenazic Jews in France). On the other hand, while subnational separatist movements were commonly associated with ethnic nationalism, this was not always so, and such nationalists as the

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not only shapes what masculine and feminine participation in the building of that nation will look like, but also how the nation will be imagined by nationalists. A nation having its own identity is viewed as necessary, and often inevitable, and these identities are gendered. The physical land itself

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often rejected the liberal, national unitary state, yet identified themselves not with an ethnic nation but with a non-national dynasty and regional feudal privileges. Xenophobic movements in long-established Western European states indeed often took a 'civic national' form, rejecting a given group's

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Philosopher and scholar Achille Mbembe argues that post-colonialism is a contradictory term, because colonialism is ever present. Those that participate in this intellectual practice envision a post-colonialism despite its being the defining frame for the world. This is the case with anti-colonialism

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as the site that originally conceived of nationalism as a concept, which is defined by its imagination of an ahistorical identity that negates colonialism by definition. This concept of nationalism was exemplified by the transformation of settler colonies into nations, while anti-colonial nationalism

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expanded upon Tönnies' recognition of alienation and defined the differences between traditional and modern societies as being between societies based upon "mechanical solidarity" versus societies based on "organic solidarity". Durkheim identified mechanical solidarity as involving custom, habit, and

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noted that the key distinction between traditional societies defined as "status" societies based on family association and functionally diffuse roles for individuals and modern societies defined as "contract" societies where social relations are determined by rational contracts pursued by individuals

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In Slovenia, fear was mounting because Milošević would use the militia to suppress the country, as had occurred in Kosovo. Half of Yugoslavia wanted to be democratic, the other wanted a new nationalist authoritarian regime. In fall of 1989, tensions came to a head, and Slovenia asserted its political

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in the 1990s. That left many people with no identity. The people under communist rule had to integrate, but they now found themselves free to choose. That made long-dormant conflicts rise and create sources of serious conflict. When communism fell in Yugoslavia, serious conflict arose, which led to a

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rom this moment I will destroy the old and build the new, and fight for the self-determination of the people, and will apply all my strength to the support of the Chinese Republic and the realization of democracy through the Three Principles, ... for the progress of good government, the happiness and

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instead had various religious reasonings for returning to Israel. Although according to historian David Engel, Zionism was more about fear that Jews would end up dispersed and unprotected, rather than fulfilling old prophecies of historical texts. The efforts of the Zionist movement culminated in the

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of early 19th century often assimilated into the dominant culture. Both assimilation and the traditional second-class status of Jews were considered as threats to the Jewish identity by Jewish nationalists. The method of combatting these threats were different among different national movements among

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pursued policies whose openly aggressive character would not be equaled until the days of the Fascist regime. Crispi increased military expenditure, talked cheerfully of a European conflagration, and alarmed his German or British friends with these suggestions of preventative attacks on his enemies.

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modification of the human race, and the eradication of human beings that they deemed inferior. But their goals were trans-national and intended to spread across as much of the world as they could achieve. Although Nazism glorified German history, it also embraced the supposed virtues and achievements

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who achieved German unification through a series of highly successful short wars against Denmark, Austria and France which thrilled the pan-German nationalists in the smaller German states. They fought in his wars and eagerly joined the new German Empire, which Bismarck ran as a force for balance and

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A nationalist is one who thinks solely, or mainly, in terms of competitive prestige. He may be a positive or a negative nationalist—that is, he may use his mental energy either in boosting or in denigrating—but at any rate his thoughts always turn on victories, defeats, triumphs and humiliations. He

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Sport spectacles like football's World Cup command worldwide audiences as nations battle for supremacy and the fans invest intense support for their national team. Increasingly people have tied their loyalties and even their cultural identity to national teams. The globalization of audiences through

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Creole nationalism is the ideology that emerged in independence movements among the creoles (descendants of the colonizers), especially in Latin America in the early 19th century. It was facilitated when French Emperor Napoleon seized control of Spain and Portugal, breaking the chain of control from

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Because of colonialism's creation of state and country lines across ethnic, religious, linguistic and other historical boundaries, anti-colonial nationalism is largely related to land first. After independence, especially in countries with particularly diverse populations with historic enmity, there

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Henceforth, until the enemies have been driven from the territory of the Republic, all the French are in permanent requisition for army service. The young men shall go to battle; the married men shall forge arms in the hospitals; the children shall turn old linen to lint; the old men shall repair to

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revolutions massively augmented the widespread appeal of patriotic nationalism. Napoleon Bonaparte's rise to power further established nationalism when he invaded much of Europe. Napoleon used this opportunity to spread revolutionary ideas, resulting in much of the 19th-century European Nationalism.

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History, political ideologies, and religions place most nations along a continuum of muscular nationalism. Muscular nationalism conceptualizes a nation's identity as being derived from muscular or masculine attributes that are unique to a particular country. If definitions of nationalism and gender

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The humiliation of being a second-class citizen led regional minorities in multiethnic states, such as Great Britain, Spain, France, Germany, Russia and the Ottoman Empire, to define nationalism in terms of loyalty to their minority culture, especially language and religion. Forced assimilation was

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Civic nationalism defines the nation as an association of people who identify themselves as belonging to the nation, who have equal and shared political rights, and allegiance to similar political procedures. According to the principles of civic nationalism, the nation is not based on common ethnic

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Approached through the primordialist perspective, the example of seeing the mobilization of a foreign military force on the nation's borders may provoke members of a national group to unify and mobilize themselves in response. There are proximate environments where individuals identify nonimmediate

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The primordialist perspective is based upon evolutionary theory. This approach has been popular with the general public but is typically rejected by experts. Laland and Brown report that "the vast majority of professional academics in the social sciences not only ... ignore evolutionary methods but

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claimed the change that developed modern society and nations is the result of the rise of a charismatic leader to power in a society who creates a new tradition or a rational-legal system that establishes the supreme authority of the state. Weber's conception of charismatic authority has been noted

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The sociological or modernist interpretation of nationalism and nation-building argues that nationalism arises and flourishes in modern societies that have an industrial economy capable of self-sustainability, a central supreme authority capable of maintaining authority and unity, and a centralized

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In the 1970s, the leadership of the separate territories in Yugoslavia protected only territorial interests, at the expense of other territories. In Croatia, there was almost a split within the territory between Serbs and Croats so that any political decision would kindle unrest, and tensions could

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Across Africa, nationalism drew upon the organizational skills that natives had learned in the British and French, and other armies during the world wars. It led to organizations that were not controlled by or endorsed by either the colonial powers or the traditional local power structures that had

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in France 1894–1906 made the battle against treason and disloyalty a central theme for conservative Catholic French nationalists. Dreyfus, a Jew, was an outsider, that is in the views of intense nationalists, not a true Frenchman, not one to be trusted, not one to be given the benefit of the doubt.

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which demands the return of lost territory that "belongs" to the national homeland. Revanchism draws its strength from patriotic and retributionist thought and it is often motivated by economic or geo-political factors. Extreme revanchist ideologues often represent a hawkish stance, suggesting that

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For the politically dominant cultural group, assimilation was necessary to minimize disloyalty and treason and therefore became a major component of nationalism. A second factor for the politically dominant group was competition with neighboring states—nationalism involved a rivalry, especially in

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reinterpreted Darwin's theory of natural selection "often in ways inconsistent with Charles Darwin's theory of evolution" by making unsupported claims of biological difference among groups, ethnicities, races, and nations. Modern evolutionary sciences have distanced themselves from such views, but

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posits that external threats can foster nationalist sentiment: "External threats have such a powerful effect on nationalism because people realize in a profound manner that they are under threat because of who they are as a nation; they are forced to recognize that it is only as a nation that they

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Also, within the territory, the Croats and the Serbs were in direct competition for control of government. Elections were held and increased potential conflicts between Serbian and Croat nationalism. Serbia wanted to be separate and to decide its own future based on its own ethnic composition, but

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The academic Steven Berg felt that the root of nationalist conflicts was the demand for autonomy and a separate existence. That nationalism can give rise to strong emotions, which may lead to a group fighting to survive, especially as after the fall of communism, political boundaries did not match

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more like Russia's. The collapse of the Russian Empire in the First World War enabled the major powers to re-establish an independent Poland, which survived until 1939. Meanwhile, Poles in areas controlled by Germany moved into heavy industry but their religion came under attack by Bismarck in the

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The most influential of the German nationalist historians, was Treitschke who had an enormous influence on elite students at Heidelberg and Berlin universities. Treitschke vehemently attacked parliamentarianism, socialism, pacifism, the English, the French, the Jews, and the internationalists. The

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Between 1830 and 1870 nationalism had thus made great strides. It inspired great literature, quickened scholarship, and nurtured heroes. It had shown its power both to unify and to divide. It had led to great achievements of political construction and consolidation in Germany and Italy; but it was

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identifies Herder as the first philosopher to explicitly suggest "that identities based on language should be regarded as the primary source of legitimate political authority or locus of political resistance". Herder also encouraged the creation of a common cultural and language policy amongst the

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Some nationalists exclude certain groups. Some nationalists, defining the national community in ethnic, linguistic, cultural, historic, or religious terms (or a combination of these), may then seek to deem certain minorities as not truly being a part of the 'national community' as they define it.

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who described "civic" nationalism as "Western" and more democratic while depicting "ethnic" nationalism as "Eastern" and undemocratic. Since the 1980s, scholars of nationalism have pointed out numerous flaws in this rigid division and proposed more specific classifications and numerous varieties.

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argued that "[while patriotism is as old as human association and has gradually widened its sphere from the clan and the tribe to the city and the state, nationalism as an operative principle and an articulate creed only made its appearance among the more complicated intellectual processes of the

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Adria Lawrence has argued that nationalism in the colonial world was spurred by failures of colonial powers to extend equal political rights to the subjects in the colonies, thus prompting them to pursue independence. Michael Hechter has argued similarly that "peripheral nationalisms" formed when

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In the 1980s, Yugoslavia began to break into fragments. Economic conditions within Yugoslavia were deteriorating. Conflict in the disputed territories was stimulated by the rise in mass nationalism and ethnic hostilities. The per capita income of people in the northwestern territory, encompassing

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proposed that the fall of communism would cause large numbers of people to search for unity and that small-scale wars would become common, as groups will attempt to redraw boundaries, identities, cultures and ideologies. The fall of communism also allowed for an "us vs. them" mentality to return.

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were independent). They ruled until after World War II when forces of nationalism grew much stronger. In the 1950s and the 1960s, colonial holdings became independent states. The process was usually peaceful but there were several long bitter bloody civil wars, as in Algeria, Kenya and elsewhere.

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commonalities across many nations; they are defined by the masculine notions of aggression, willingness to engage in war, decisiveness, and muscular strength, as opposed to the feminine notions of peacefulness, weakness, non-violence, and compassion. This masculinized image of a warrior has been

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The status of conquered nations can become a causality dilemma: the nation was "conquered because they were effeminate and seen as effeminate because they were conquered." In defeat they are considered militaristically unskilled, not aggressive, and thus not muscular. In order for a nation to be

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for the purpose of the exclusion of the so-called "other," who is used to reinforce the unifying ties of the nation. The empowerment of one gender, nation or sexuality tends to occur at the expense and disempowerment of another; in this way, nationalism can be used as an instrument to perpetuate

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Nationalism again gave rise to powerful emotions, which evoked, in some extreme cases, a willingness to die for what one believed, a fight for the survival of the group. The end of communism began a long period of conflict and war for the region. For six years, 200,000–500,000 people died in the

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Wherever one turns in Europe, their seminal position in generating and analysing the concepts, myths, symbols and ideology of nationalism is apparent. This applies to the first appearance of the core doctrine and to the antecedent concepts of national character, genius of the nation and national

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put the case for "nationalism as insanity" in 1862. He argued that nationalism suppresses minorities, places country above moral principles and creates a dangerous individual attachment to the state. He opposed democracy and tried to defend the pope from Italian nationalism. Since the late 20th

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he articulation of cultural evolutionary theory represents theoretical progress over sociobiology, but its explanatory payoff remains limited due to the role of contingency in human affairs and the significance of non-evolutionary, proximate causal factors. While evolutionary theory undoubtedly

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In August 1990, a warning to the region was issued when ethnically divided groups attempted to alter the government structure. The republic borders established by the Communist regime in the postwar period were extremely vulnerable to challenges from ethnic communities. Ethnic communities arose

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which were located there. Spain was at war with Britain from 1798 to 1808, and the British Royal Navy cut off its contacts with its colonies, so nationalism flourished and trade with Spain was suspended. The colonies set up temporary governments or juntas which were effectively independent from

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s the idea of Christianity as a world brotherhood of men sank into discredit because of its fatal entanglement with priestcraft and the Papacy on the one hand and with the authority of princes on the other, and the age of faith passed into our present age of doubt and disbelief, men shifted the

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propelled many intellectuals to "discover alternative principles and concepts, and a new mythology and symbolism, to legitimate and ground human thought and action". He discusses the simultaneous concept of 'historicism' to describe an emerging belief in the birth, growth, and decay of specific

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Nationalism is considered by its critics to be inherently divisive, as adherents may draw upon and highlight perceived differences between people, emphasizing an individual's identification with their own nation. They also consider the idea to be potentially oppressive, because it can submerge

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strongly emphasized sports among its soldiers and agents across the world, and often the locals joined in enthusiastically. It established a high prestige competition in 1930, named the British Empire Games from 1930 to 1950, the British Empire and Commonwealth Games from 1954 to 1966, British

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Nativist nationalism is a type of nationalism similar to creole or territorial types of nationalism, but which defines belonging to a nation solely by being born on its territory. In countries where strong nativist nationalism exists, people who were not born in the country are seen as lesser

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and economic independence from Yugoslavia and seceded. In January 1990, there was a total break with Serbia at the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, an institution that had been conceived by Milošević to strengthen unity and later became the backdrop for the fall of communism in Yugoslavia.

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Territorial nationalists assume that all inhabitants of a particular nation owe allegiance to their country of birth or adoption. A sacred quality is sought in the nation and in the popular memories it evokes. Citizenship is idealized by territorial nationalists. A criterion of a territorial

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Nationalist mobilization in French colonial Africa and British colonial India developed "when colonial regimes refused to cede rights to their increasingly well-educated colonial subjects", who formed indigenous elites and strategically adopted and adapted nationalist tactics. New national

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A distinct manifestation of Spanish nationalism in modern Spanish politics is the interchange of attacks with competing regional nationalisms. Initially present after the end of Francoism in a rather diffuse and reactive form, the Spanish nationalist discourse has been often self-branded as

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theory of nationalism argues that nationalism works for combining one culture or ethnicity in one state, which leads to that state's success. For Gellner, nationalism is ethnic, and state political parties should reflect the ethnic majority in the state. This definition of nationalism also

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Historians, sociologists and anthropologists have debated different types of nationalism since at least the 1930s. Generally, the most common way of classifying nationalism has been to describe movements as having either "civic" or "ethnic" nationalist characteristics. This distinction was

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Critics argue that primordial models relying on evolutionary psychology are based not on historical evidence but on assumptions of unobserved changes over thousands of years and assume stable genetic composition of the population living in a specific area and are incapable of handling the

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are often thought to be early liberal nationalists. Liberal nationalists often defend the value of national identity by saying that individuals need a national identity to lead meaningful, autonomous lives, and that liberal democratic polities need national identity to function properly.

4441:, as a result of people living together generation after generation"; and, in its entirety: "a nation is a historically constituted, stable community of people, formed on the basis of a common language, territory, economic life, and psychological make-up manifested in a common culture." 5179:

A position developed in Europe during the 1990s, national-anarchist groups have seen arisen worldwide, most prominently in Australia (New Right Australia/New Zealand), Germany (International National Anarchism) and the United States (BANA). National-anarchism has been described as a

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elucidates the development of all organic life, it would seem to operate best at macro-levels of analysis, "distal" points of explanation, and from the perspective of the long-term. Hence, it is bound to display shortcomings at micro-level events that are highly contingent in nature.

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describes nations as artificial constructs, "their boundaries drawn in the blood of past wars". He argues that "there is no country on earth which is not home to more than one different but usually coexisting culture. Cultural heritage is not the same thing as national identity".

2334:(1834–1896). Droysen moved from liberalism to an intense nationalism that celebrated Prussian Protestantism, efficiency, progress, and reform, in striking contrast to Austrian Catholicism, impotency and backwardness. He idealized the Hohenzollern kings of Prussia. His large-scale 2698:"The modern history of Spain is an unfortunate history that meant that we did not consolidate a modern State. Independentists think that the nation makes the State. I think the opposite. The State makes the nation. A strong State, which imposes its language, culture, education." 10380:

In 2008, she made an unsuccessful run at the LDP's chairmanship. Following her defeat, she worked to build an internal party network and became involved in a revisionist group of lawmakers that serves as the mouthpiece of the ultraconservative Nippon Kaigi ("Japan Conference")

5282:". The few scholars who have studied national-anarchism conclude that it represents a further evolution in the thinking of the radical right rather than an entirely new dimension on the political spectrum. National-anarchism is considered by anarchists as being a rebranding of 2719:. The strong interface of nationalism with colonialism is another feature of 19th-century nation building in Spain, with the defence of slavery and colonialism in Cuba being often able to reconcile tensions between mainland elites of Catalonia and Madrid throughout the period. 3801:

ethnic boundaries. Serious conflicts often arose and escalated very easily, as individuals and groups acted upon their beliefs and caused death and destruction. When that happens, states unable to contain the conflict run the risk of slowing their progress at democratization.

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Critics of nationalism have argued that it is often unclear what constitutes a nation, or whether a nation is a legitimate unit of political rule. Nationalists hold that the boundaries of a nation and a state should coincide with one another, thus nationalism tends to oppose

2566:, and it looked to Moscow rather than Rome for inspiration and was kept out of the national government even as it controlled some industrial cities across the North. In the 21st century, the Communists have become marginal but political tensions remained high as shown by 3036:

a thousand years before, and modern Polish nationalists should restore its central values of Poland for the Poles. Jan Poplawski had developed the "Piast Concept" in the 1890s, and it formed the centerpiece of Polish nationalist ideology, especially as presented by the

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distinguishes nationalism from patriotism (which he defines as devotion to a particular place). More abstractly, nationalism is "power-hunger tempered by self-deception". For Orwell, the nationalist is more likely than not dominated by irrational negative impulses:

2064: 2531:

His policies were ruinous, both for Italy's trade with France, and, more humiliatingly, for colonial ambitions in East Africa. Crispi's lust for territory there was thwarted when on 1 March 1896, the armies of Ethiopian Emperor Menelik routed Italian forces at

4878:

theorized to be "the culmination of a series of gendered historical and social processes" played out in a national and international context. Ideas of cultural dualism—of a martial man and chaste woman—which are implicit in muscular nationalism, underline the

1636:

was also applied before 1800 in Europe in reference to the inhabitants of a country as well as to collective identities that could include shared history, law, language, political rights, religion and traditions, in a sense more akin to the modern conception.

2260:" in English). The two groups wrestled for power, with the criollos leading the call for independence. Spain tried to use its armies to fight back but had no help from European powers. Indeed, Britain and the United States worked against Spain, enforcing the 9944: 1787:

but even more for its impact on Germans and Italians and on European intellectuals. The template of nationalism, as a method for mobilizing public opinion around a new state based on popular sovereignty, went back further than 1789: philosophers such as

9808:

Koronaiou, Alexandra; Lagos, Evangelos; Sakellariou, Alexandros; Kymionis, Stelios; Chiotaki-Poulou, Irini (1 December 2015). "Golden Dawn, Austerity and Young People: The Rise of Fascist Extremism Among Young People in Contemporary Greek Society".

3866:

because they did not share the identity with everyone within the new post-communist borders, which threatened the new governments. The same disputes were erupting that were in place prior to Milošević and were compounded by actions from his regime.

3178:

Jewish nationalism arose in the latter half of the 19th century, largely as a response to the rise of nation-states. Traditionally Jews lived under uncertain and oppressive conditions. In western Europe, Jews not subject to such restrictions since

2321:

In the 19th century, German nationalism was promoted by Hegelian-oriented academic historians who saw Prussia as the true carrier of the German spirit, and the power of the state as the ultimate goal of nationalism. The three main historians were

2678:, it was the state that created the nation, and not the opposite process) is an ideal that the Spanish elites constantly reiterated, and, one hundred years later than Alcalá Galiano, for example, we can also find it in the mouth of the fascist 5533:

The French Empire was not far behind the British in the use of sports to strengthen colonial solidarity with France. Colonial officials promoted and subsidized gymnastics, table games, and dance and helped football spread to French colonies.

5443:

Religious nationalism is the relationship of nationalism to a particular religious belief, dogma, or affiliation where a shared religion can be seen to contribute to a sense of national unity, a common bond among the citizens of the nation.

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considered "proper", it must possess the male-gendered characteristics of virility, as opposed to the stereotypically female characteristics of subservience and dependency. Muscular nationalism is often inseparable from the concept of a

4197:

can successfully defeat the threat". With increased external threats, the state's extractive capacities increase. He links the lack of external threats to countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, post-independence, to weak state nationalism and

2426:

in other countries, including India. The Nazis' Aryanism longed for now-extinct species of superior bulls once used as livestock by Aryans and other features of Aryan history that never resided within the borders of Germany as a nation.

1643:

as derived from the noun designating 'nations' is a newer word; in the English language, dating to around 1798. The term gained wider prominence in the 19th century. The term increasingly became negative in its connotations after 1914.

5378:

even if they became naturalized. It is cultural as people will never see a foreign-born person as one of them and is legal as such people are banned for life from holding certain jobs, especially government jobs. In scholarly studies,

4317:

The evolutionary theory of nationalism perceives nationalism to be the result of the evolution of human beings into identifying with groups, such as ethnic groups, or other groups that form the foundation of a nation. Roger Masters in

10210:... Nippon Kaigi Parts of the Japanese establishment have ties with a large far-right voluntary organization, Nippon Kaigi (Japan Conference), whose ranks include grassroots members across the nation as well as national and local ... 4205:

argues that nationalism increases the intensity of war, and that states deliberately promote nationalism with the aim of improving their military capabilities. Most new nation-states since 1815 have emerged through decolonization.

4124:

running a distinctly nationalist campaign. Contrary to the policies of his recent predecessors, he distanced the country from the Philippines' former ruler, the United States, and sought closer ties with China (as well as Russia).

10274:

Every year far-right nationalist groups – including Nippon Kaigi – private citizens and government officials visit the Yasukuni Shrine. Many wear uniforms or clothing linked to the Imperial Army and display the Japanese imperial

4840:

structures of power. The gendered manner in which dominant nationalism has been imagined in most states in the world has had important implications on not only individual's lived experience, but on international relations.

10332: 4136:. Reactions from world leaders were mixed, with Western European leaders generally expressing concern while the leaders of many of the more authoritarian regimes as well as President Trump offered their congratulations. 2758:" since the 1980s. Often ignored as in the case of other State nationalisms, its alleged "non-existence" has been a commonplace espoused by prominent figures in the public sphere as well as the mass-media in the country. 1956:

culminated with the ethnic/national revolutions of Europe. During the 19th century nationalism became one of the most significant political and social forces in history; it is typically listed among the top causes of

2610:

was the first step in the creation of the Spanish nation-state. As in other contemporary European states, political union was the first step in the creation of the Spanish nation-state, in this case not on a uniform

1655:

Academics define nationalism as a political principle that holds that the nation and state should be congruent. According to Lisa Weeden, nationalist ideology presumes that "the people" and the state are congruent.

3286:

by Japan in 1905, demonstrating the military advancement of non-Europeans in a modern war. The defeat quickly led to manifestations of a new interest in nationalism in China, as well as Turkey and Persia. In China

2489:

and ultimately proved a bit weak. The new government treated the newly annexed South as a kind of underdeveloped province due to its "backward" and poverty-stricken society, its poor grasp of standard Italian (as

9934: 2417:. Lebensraum was thus a vast project for advancing the Aryan race far outside of any particular nation or national borders. The Nazi's goals were racist focused on advancing the Aryan race as they perceived it, 7203: 4923:

There are different types of nationalism including Risorgimento nationalism and Integral nationalism. Whereas risorgimento nationalism applies to a nation seeking to establish a liberal state (for example the

3429:

from 1936 to his death in 1941. It advocated for the Third Hellenic Civilization, a culturally superior Greek civilization that would be the successor of the First and Second Greek civilizations, that were

4322:

describes the primordial explanation of the origin of ethnic and national groups as recognizing group attachments that are thought to be unique, emotional, intense, and durable because they are based upon

3336:, and blind adherence to tradition were the enemies. Intellectuals struggled with how to be strong and modern and yet Chinese, how to preserve China as a political entity in the world of competing nations. 4717:

the Spanish and Portuguese kings to the local governors. Allegiance to the Napoleonic states was rejected, and increasingly the creoles demanded independence. They achieved it after civil wars 1808–1826.

4148:

have theorized about the foundations of the modern nation-state and the concept of sovereignty. The concept of nationalism in political science draws from these theoretical foundations. Philosophers like

10602: 2030:

was a powerful motivating force for a quarter century after their defeat by Germany in 1871. After 1895, French nationalists focused on Dreyfus and internal subversion, and the Alsace issue petered out.

11819: 4097:, a businessman with no political experience who ran on a populist/nationalist platform and struggled to gain endorsements from mainstream political figures, even within his own party. Trump's slogans " 3545:, a movement toward liberating and empowering the Arab peoples of the Middle East, emerged during the late 19th century, inspired by other independence movements of the 18th and 19th centuries. As the 10663: 10244:

In 1997 nationalist intellectuals, politicians, and religious leaders formed the largest far-right advocacy group, Japan Conference (Nippon kaigi), formed as a result of the merger between the two ...

6583: 4109:

vote. On 22 October 2018, two weeks before the mid-term elections President Trump openly proclaimed that he was a nationalist to a cheering crowd at a rally in Texas in support of re-electing Senator

2790:

and failed Greek revolts against the Ottoman Empire (such as the Orlofika revolt in southern Greece in 1770, and the Epirus-Macedonian revolt of Northern Greece in 1575), Greek nationalism led to the

1696:

peoples and cultures, which became "increasingly attractive as a framework for inquiry into the past and present and an explanatory principle in elucidating the meaning of events, past and present".

11781: 4173:

provides the most commonly used definition of the state, "that human community which successfully lays claim to the monopoly of legitimate physical violence within a certain territory". According to

9845: 10510: 1632:

between Catholic and Protestant European nations, Grotius was deeply concerned with matters of conflicts between nations in the context of oppositions stemming from religious differences. The word

4105:" exemplified his campaign's repudiation of globalism and its staunchly nationalistic outlook. His unexpected victory in the election was seen as part of the same trend that had brought about the 12552: 5623:) produced political analyses that were critical of the nationalist movements then active in Central and Eastern Europe, although a variety of other contemporary socialists and communists, from 4819:

is often gendered as female (i.e. "Motherland"), with a body in constant danger of violation by foreign males, while national pride and protectiveness of "her" borders is gendered as masculine.

11524:

Both these approaches are shown to be within the framework of 'composite nationalism', where Indian Christians maintained their communal distinctiveness while aspiring for national integration.

10863: 8566:[The link to the Galeusca Manifest in article 3 denounces the asymmetry between Spanish and the other languages of the Estat Espanyol, including Catalan.] (in Catalan). Archived from 4362: 2535:

in what has been defined as an unparalleled disaster for a modern army. Crispi, whose private life and personal finances were objects of perennial scandal, went into dishonorable retirement.

7691: 10297: 8335:"When the Nazis Tried to Bring Animals Back From Extinction: Their ideology of genetic purity extended to aspirations about reviving a pristine landscape with ancient animals and forests" 1527:

and historically contingent. Perennialism, a softer version of primordialism which accepts that nations are modern phenomena but with long historical roots, is subject to academic debate.

4516:

Anti-colonial nationalism is not static and is defined by different forms of nationalism depending on location. In the anti-colonial movement that took place in the Indian subcontinent,

4283:("society") as an impersonal society that is modern. Although he recognized the advantages of modern societies, he also criticized them for their cold and impersonal nature that caused 2615:

basis, but through the imposition of the political and cultural characteristics of the dominant ethnic group, in this case the Castilians, over those of other ethnic groups, who became

2026:

This nationalism gained pace after the French Revolution came to a close. Defeat in war, with a loss in territory, was a powerful force in nationalism. In France, revenge and return of

11967: 10136: 4747:

shared between members of the group, and with their ancestors. It is different from a purely cultural definition of "the nation," which allows people to become members of a nation by

1772:

than perhaps anywhere else in the ancient world", adding that this observation "must make us wary of pronouncing too readily against the possibility of the nation, and even a form of

10428: 9489:

Barber, Benjamin (1992). "Jihad vs. McWorld: the two axial principles of our age—tribalism and globalism—clash at every point except one: they may both be threatening to democracy".

3395:

among others) that were popular in the late 19th and early to 20th centuries, led to many Greek states and regions that were ethnically Greek to eventually unite with Greece and the

5718:

have also expressed their opposition to nationalism, to the extent that some transhumanists believe national identities should be dissolved entirely. The influential transhumanist

2050:

True loyalty to the nation, from the conservative viewpoint, was threatened by liberal and republican principles of liberty and equality that were leading the country to disaster.

4606:, although the two are distinct, and did not always coincide. On the one hand, until the late 19th and early 20th century adherents to anti-Enlightenment movements such as French 13003: 10322: 13781: 13646: 9912: 8078: 6136: 3124:

in the late 18th and early 19th century, under the influence of western ideas such as liberalism and nationalism, which trickled into the country after the French Revolution.

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in 2014 and other actions in Ukraine. Nationalist movements gradually began to rise in Central Europe as well, particularly Poland, under the influence of the ruling party,

3308:

in 1919. It was a nationwide protest movement about the domestic backwardness of China and has often been depicted as the intellectual foundation for Chinese Communism. The

13629: 12790: 6226: 6190: 4806:

Feminist critique interprets nationalism as a mechanism through which sexual control and repression are justified and legitimized, often by a dominant masculine power. The

4009:

in India, with the election and re-election of populist leader Narendra Modi as Prime Minister, who promised economic prosperity for all and an end to corruption. Militant

3831:

in the southeast. Croatia and Slovenia were subsequently more economically and industrially advanced and remained as such throughout existence of both forms of Yugoslavia.

15140: 10345:

Abe and Kagoike, who has indicated he will resign as principal, both belong to an ultra-conservative lobby group whose members include more than a dozen cabinet ministers.

5822: 1796:, whose ideas influenced the French Revolution, had themselves been influenced or encouraged by the example of earlier constitutionalist liberation movements, notably the 690: 3549:

declined and the Middle East was carved up by the Great Powers of Europe, Arabs sought to establish their own independent nations ruled by Arabs, rather than foreigners.

10075: 1915: 5656:

political tradition, there was mostly a negative attitude toward nationalism as a dangerous force and a cause of conflict and war between nation-states. The historian

3255:

instead advocated for Jewish national autonomy within the territory they already lived in. Most manifestations of this movement were left-wing in nature, and actively

3060:

The Piast concept stood in opposition to the "Jagiellon Concept," which allowed for multi-ethnicism and Polish rule over numerous minority groups such as those in the

2663: 5405:

Racial nationalism is an ideology that advocates a racial definition of national identity. Racial nationalism seeks to preserve a given race through policies such as

10106: 10036: 7721: 12325: 9760: 4853:

oppression being justified by colonialist images of the "other", a practice integral in the formation of Western identity. This "othering" may come in the form of

4054: 5696:. National symbols and patriotic assertiveness are in some countries discredited by their historical link with past wars, especially in Germany. British pacifist 14030: 10367: 5572:. It can also lead to conflict when more than one national group finds itself claiming rights to a particular territory or seeking to take control of the state. 3304:

The Kuomintang largely ran China until the Communists took over in 1949. But the latter had also been strongly influenced by Sun's nationalism as well as by the

12754: 10598: 6702: 1413:. As a movement, it presupposes the existence and tends to promote the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining its 11797: 6981: 4042:

organization. The new movement has advocated re-establishing Japan as a military power and pushed revisionist historical narratives denying events such as the

4067:). As the promise of continued European Union membership was a core feature of the anti-independence campaign during the Scottish referendum, there have been 12693: 10655: 1736:

wrote that "something strangely like modern nationalism is documented for many peoples in medieval times and in classical times as well," citing the ancient

11753: 10576: 9880: 7388: 6623: 6580: 13291: 5043:

edict, which declares that nationalism can be used in an internationalist context, fighting for national liberation without racial or religious divisions.

2679: 14206: 8311: 4113:

who was once an adversary. On 29 October 2018 Trump equated nationalism to patriotism, saying "I'm proud of this country and I call that ''nationalism.''

1964:

Napoleon's conquests of the German and Italian states around 1800–1806 played a major role in stimulating nationalism and the demands for national unity.

1541:, such as industrialization, urbanization, and mass education, which made national consciousness possible. Proponents of this theory describe nations as " 1512:, the idea that "the people" should rule is developed by political theorists. Three main theories have been used to explain the emergence of nationalism: 14013: 13803: 7748: 2706:. From 1812 on, revisiting the previous history of Spain, Spanish liberalism tended to take for granted the national conscience and the Spanish nation. 12542: 13167: 10847: 10537: 8564:"Enllaç al Manifest Galeusca on en l'article 3 es denuncia l'asimetria entre el castellà i les altres llengües de l'Estat Espanyol, inclosa el català" 4497:

defined a nation as a socially constructed community that is co-created by individuals who imagine themselves as part of this group. He points to the

17519: 5274:

dates back as far as the 1920s, the contemporary national-anarchist movement has been put forward since the late 1990s by British political activist

3842: 7185:

Nationalism as we understand it is not older than the second half of the eighteenth century. Its first great manifestation was the French Revolution

2702:

The creation of the tradition of the political community of Spaniards as common destiny over other communities has been argued to trace back to the

7683: 4754:

Whereas nationalism in and of itself does not imply a belief in the superiority of one ethnicity or country over others, some nationalists support

4068: 11196: 4262:

to advance their interests. Maine saw the development of societies as moving away from traditional status societies to modern contract societies.

2578:

has come to partially embrace a moderate version of Italian nationalism over the years) and other separatist movements spread across the country.

8730: 4686:

in multiethnic countries such as the United States and France, as well as in constitutional monarchies such as Great Britain, Belgium and Spain.

12049: 11482: 10487: 10287: 2338:(14 vol 1855–1886) was foundational for nationalistic students and scholars. Von Sybel founded and edited the leading academic history journal, 2146:

By the 1860s, as a result of educational indoctrination, and due to conservative resistance to ideas and ideologies which were transmitted from

15673: 15190: 7903:

J. P. T. Bury, "Nationalities and Nationalism," in J. P. T. Bury, ed. "The New Cambridge Modern History Vol. 10 (1830–70)" (1960) pp. 213–245

11097:

Robert Hislope "From Ontology to Analogy: Evolutionary Theories and the Explanation of Ethnic Politics: in Patrick James and David Goetze ed.

6297: 3808:. The national census numbers from 1971 to 1981 measured an increase from 1.3% to 5.4% in the population that ethnically identified itself as 2543:

after getting promises of territory, but its war effort was not honored after the war and this fact discredited liberalism paving the way for

12501: 11951: 10128: 3812:. That meant that the country, almost as a whole, was divided by distinctive religious, ethnic and national loyalties after nearly 50 years. 785: 10166: 8155:

Karen Hagemann, "Of 'manly valor' and 'German Honor': nation, war, and masculinity in the age of the Prussian uprising against Napoleon."

4005:, a right-wing party which has been ruling India at the national level since 2014. The rise in religious nationalism comes with the rise of 2742:

principles with traditional Spanish nationalism. The authoritarian national ideal resumed during the Francoist dictatorship, in the form of

2013:

Nationalism in France gained early expressions in France's revolutionary government. In 1793, that government declared a mass conscription (

12979: 10420: 5766: 1888:

explores how the role of nationalism emerged in about 1700 and developed in Britain reaching full form in the 1830s. Writing shortly after

8108: 3241:, the main territorialist organization lost support, eventually disbanding in the 1925. Smaller territorialist movements lasted until the 9998: 9040: 7804: 3815:

Nationalist separatism of Croatia and Slovenia from the rest of Yugoslavia has basis in historical imperialist conquests of the region (

2591: 16463: 16104: 13195: 8667: 7631: 2922:

came under control of the Serbian army, later the Great National Assembly of Serbs, Bunjevci and other Slavs voted to join Serbia; the

1389: 12995: 7958:

Karine Varley, "The Taboos of Defeat: Unmentionable Memories of the Franco-Prussian War in France, 1870–1914." in Jenny Macleod, ed.,

2473:(meaning the "Resurgence" or "Revival"). It was the political and intellectual movement that consolidated the different states of the 10632: 2154:

had emerged and it produced both a sense of Russian nationalism and a nationalistic mission to support and protect pan-Slavism. This

1880: 1721: 13749: 12451: 11669: 9902: 8070: 7244:

Tom Garvin, “Ethnic Markers, Modern Nationalisms, and the Nightmare of History,” in Kruger, ed., ¨ Ethnicity and Nationalism, p. 67.

6102: 2182:. Slavophiles opposed the Western European influences which had been transmitted to Russia and they were also determined to protect 16648: 13361: 13317: 12379: 8334: 7562:... It produced the modern doctrine of nationalism, and spread it directly throughout Western Europe ...", Oxford, 2009, 6789: 4090: 3300:

perpetual peace of the people, and for the strengthening of the foundations of the state in the name of peace throughout the world.

3152:

was established in 1870/1872 for the Bulgarian diocese wherein at least two-thirds of Orthodox Christians were willing to join it.

2522:

with an aggressive foreign policy. It partially crashed and his cause was set back. Of his nationalistic foreign policy, historian

11893: 8886: 6554: 5584:

individual identity within a national whole and give elites or political leaders potential opportunities to manipulate or control

3970:). In Hungary, the anti-immigration rhetoric and stance against foreign influence is a powerful national glue promoted the ruling 2551:. Mussolini's 20-year dictatorship involved a highly aggressive nationalism that led to a series of wars with the creation of the 17256: 16558: 12780: 5756: 5350:. Some scholars are sceptical that implementing national-anarchism would result in an expansion of freedom and describe it as an 2449: 2344:

and as the director of the Prussian state archives published massive compilations that were devoured by scholars of nationalism.

12119:

Robidoux, Michael A. (2002). "Imagining a Canadian Identity through Sport: A Historical Interpretation of Lacrosse and Hockey".

12000:

Banerjee, Sikata (2003). "Gender and nationalism: the masculinization of hinduism and female political participation in india".

9785: 9734: 9712: 5132:, not to be confused with the national-anarchism of the Black Ram Group. In the United Kingdom, national-anarchists worked with 2393:(Gypsies) and of course Jews, whom they did not identify as Aryan. A key Nazi doctrine was "Living Space" (for Aryans only) or " 16677: 14493: 8563: 7826:

Gillette, Aaron (2006). "Why Did They Fight the Great War? A Multi-Level Class Analysis of the Causes of the First World War".

7661: 4133: 3084: 2931: 14551: 10059: 7258:. Ethnonationalism in comparative perspective (Reprint ed.). Reno Las Vegas: University of Nevada Press. pp. 48–50. 5152:) and Jonathan Boulter to develop the Anarchist Heretics Fair. Those national-anarchists cite their influences primarily from 4587:

ancestry, but is a political entity whose core identity is not ethnicity. This civic concept of nationalism is exemplified by

16665: 14582: 14438: 14168: 13425: 12269: 9073: 8489: 7263: 7223: 7042: 6317: 5940: 4050: 3805: 2265: 2084: 14087: 10398: 10189: 8797:

Schmidt-Nowara, Christopher (2004). "'La España Ultramarina': Colonialism and Nation-Building in Nineteenth-Century Spain".

4965:

Pan-nationalism is unique in that it covers a large area span. Pan-nationalism focuses more on "clusters" of ethnic groups.

4751:; and from a purely linguistic definition, according to which "the nation" consists of all speakers of a specific language. 1779:

The consensus is that nationalism as a concept was firmly established by the 19th century. In histories of nationalism, the

10257: 10223: 10028: 9976: 7769:

Andrew Nestingen: Crime and Fantasy in Scandinavia: Fiction, Film and Social Change. University of Washington Press, 2008.

7140: 7007: 5771: 5545:

and Ned Whalley co-edited a special issue on "pandemic nationalism" exploring the relationship between nationalism and the

5506:

nationalism is the establishment of a mass, public culture based on common values, codes and traditions of the population.

4529: 3518:, a British colony, was exceptional in that it became virtually independent by 1931. From 1948, it was controlled by white 3295:(National People's Party) in defiance of the decrepit Empire, which was run by outsiders. The Kuomintang recruits pledged: 3242: 3220: 2125: 14477: 10098: 7599: 5502:

Sometimes a mythic homeland is more important for the national identity than the actual territory occupied by the nation.

4731:

Ethnic nationalism, also known as ethno-nationalism, is a form of nationalism wherein the "nation" is defined in terms of

2158:

movement became popular in 19th-century Russia. Pan-Slavism was fueled by, and it was also the fuel for Russia's numerous

1610:

The terminological use of "nations", "sovereignty" and associated concepts were significantly refined with the writing by

1571:

are all subjects of philosophical debate. Nationalism can be combined with diverse political goals and ideologies such as

1549:" in which shared sentiment provides a form of collective identity and binds individuals together in political solidarity. 17366: 17276: 14308: 7713: 4074: 3932: 3527: 3156: 2927: 2242: 2022:

the public places, to stimulate the courage of the warriors and preach the unity of the Republic and the hatred of kings.

17391: 15518: 9752: 9735:"Surveys show Russian nationalism is on the rise. This explains a lot about the country's foreign and domestic politics" 8752:

García-Sanjuán, Alejandro (2020). "Weaponizing Historical Knowledge: the Notion of Reconquista in Spanish Nationalism".

2306:

in 1806. He imposed rational legal systems and demonstrated how dramatic changes were possible. His organization of the

2247:

An upsurge in nationalism in Latin America in the 1810s and 1820s sparked revolutions that cost Spain nearly all of its

15666: 15183: 14404: 14380: 14356: 14332: 14284: 14258: 14234: 14137: 14115: 14073: 14027: 13989: 13956: 13920: 13901: 13872: 13838: 13735: 13713: 13689: 13668: 13609: 13574: 13545: 13520: 13496: 13125: 13100: 13075: 12840: 12726: 12662: 12634: 12279: 12163: 12088: 11961: 11606: 11570: 11517: 11270: 11019: 10896: 10857: 10461: 9249: 9179: 9100: 9034: 9007: 8411: 8387: 7986: 7943: 7798: 7774: 7607: 7567: 7539: 7509: 7448: 7344: 7290: 7115: 7082: 7017: 6953: 6899: 6738: 6376: 6024: 5915: 5885: 5746: 4735:. The central theme of ethnic nationalists is that "nations are defined by a shared heritage, which usually includes a 4509: 3823:) and existence within separate spheres of religious, cultural and industrial influence – Catholicism, Protenstantism, 3038: 2002: 1874:

Some scholars argue that variants of nationalism emerged prior to the 18th century. American philosopher and historian

1530: 12353: 10357: 8459: 4192:, and nationalism. John Etherington argues nationalism is inherently exclusionary and thus potentially violent, while 2810:

and romanticism. France, Russia and Britain critically intervened to ensure the success of this nationalist endeavor.

1523:

and held that there have always been nations. This view has since been rejected by most scholars, who view nations as

15009: 14464: 13767: 13699: 13392: 12746: 11802: 11712: 11545: 11398: 11373: 10267: 10237: 10203: 8646: 8617: 8547: 8518: 8440: 8196:

Treitschke, his doctrine of German destiny and of international relations: together with a study of his life and work

7421: 6698: 6173: 6122: 5761: 5035: 4740: 4421: 3764: 3746: 3688: 3631: 3396: 2159: 1257: 778: 534: 8278: 6970: 3670: 3025:, and defeated Bismarck politically. He responded by stopping the harassment and cooperating with the Centre Party. 2079:

Before 1815, the sense of Russian nationalism was weak—what sense there was focused on loyalty and obedience to the

17336: 15786: 12624: 6754:

de Bertier de Sauvigny, Guillaume (April 1970). "Liberalism, Nationalism and Socialism: The Birth of Three Words".

5387:. . . do not consider themselves nativists. For them it is a negative term and they rather consider themselves as ' 4528:, not believing that an independent Indian nation should be defined by its religious identity. Despite large-scale 3901: 3371:, the Greek movement that advocated for the reconquering of Greek ancestral lands from the Ottoman Empire (such as 1534: 863: 12679: 9627:

McCartney, Paul T. (Fall 2004). "American Nationalism and U.S. Foreign Policy from September 11 to the Iraq War".

8954: 6332:

Woods, Eric Taylor; Schertzer, Robert; Kaufmann, Eric (April 2011). "Ethno-national conflict and its management".

5700:

criticized nationalism for diminishing the individual's capacity to judge his or her fatherland's foreign policy.

5312:

between different nationalities as being incompatible with the idea of a synthesis between anarchism and fascism.

1807: 1648:

notes that "The twentieth century, a time of profound disillusionment with nationalism, was also the great age of

16292: 16143: 13452: 13287: 10568: 9872: 7380: 6837:

Gorski, Philip S. (2000). "The Mosaic Moment: An Early Modernist Critique of Modernist Theories of Nationalism".

6607: 3904:, flooding into Europe (as of 2016 the refugee crisis appears to have peaked). Nationalist groups like Germany's 3259:. While successful among Eastern European Jews in the early 20th century, it lost most of its support due to the 3226: 2723: 2502:

were prevalent in the common use) and its local traditions. The liberals had always been strong opponents of the

15145: 14521: 13283: 5827: 5007:

Left-wing nationalism, occasionally known as socialist nationalism, not to be confused with the German fascist "

4831:

are understood as socially and culturally constructed, the two may be constructed in conjunction by invoking an

4314:

in many cases extremely hostile to the arguments" that draw vast generalizations from rather limited evidence.

4279:("community") as being based on emotional attachments as attributed with traditional societies while defining a 3087:

coalition. As of 2020 the Confederation, composed of several smaller parties, had 11 deputies (under 7%) in the

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Nationalists sought to encompass masculinity in their quest for strength and unity. It was Prussian chancellor

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Scholars frequently place the beginning of nationalism in the late 18th century or early 19th century with the

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Waetjen, Thembisa (2001). "The Limits of Gender Rhetoric for Nationalism: A Case Study from Southern Africa".

10719: 9354:

The Rise of Political Intellectuals in Modern China: May Fourth Societies and the Roots of Mass-Party Politics

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as well. Anti-colonial nationalism as an intellectual framework persisted into the late 20th century with the

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Anti-colonial nationalism is an intellectual framework that preceded, accompanied and followed the process of

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on 23 October 1951 as tension continued to mount in the dispute between Egypt and Britain over control of the

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Abe's key ultra-conservative supporter, Nippon Kaigi, or Japan Conference, was among the organizers Saturday.

8241:"Of Vikings and Nazis: Norwegian contributions to the rise and the fall of the idea of a superior Aryan race" 7744: 7478: 5495: 5383:

is a standard technical term, although those who hold this political view do not typically accept the label.

5221: 4267: 3928: 3414: 2587: 2389:

Meanwhile, the Nazis rejected many of the well-established citizens within those same countries, such as the

1267: 4347:

notions of long-term evolutionary change remain foundational to the work of evolutionary psychologists like

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movement, emerged among European Jews in the 19th century. In 1882, Jews, from Europe, began to emigrate to

3282:

The awakening of nationalism across Asia helped shape the history of the continent. The key episode was the

17431: 17426: 17120: 16158: 15791: 15600: 15199: 14529: 13159: 10545: 8957:(2001). "What is Spanish nationalism today? From legitimacy crisis to unfulfilled renovation (1975–2000)". 8591:"Spain in the 19th century: Spanish Nation Building and Catalonia's attempt at becoming an Iberian Prussia" 6592: 5670: 4822: 4521: 3940: 3724: 3617: 3234: 3137: 3104: 2619:

to be assimilated. In fact, since the political unification of 1714, Spanish assimilation policies towards

2351: 1016: 848: 819: 771: 38: 5319:

and far-right critics. Critics, including scholars, accuse national-anarchists of being nothing more than

17446: 17441: 17226: 15575: 15085: 14189: 13531: 6519:"The Partisan Sorting of "America": How Nationalist Cleavages Shaped the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election" 6149:

a broad scholarly consensus that the nation is a recent and imagined identity dominates political science

5786: 5589: 5558: 5240: 4879: 4438: 4426: 3530:. The international anti-apartheid movement supported black nationalists until success was achieved, and 1320: 640: 560: 17: 5684:

critique of nationalism also concentrates on the violence of some nationalist movements, the associated

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explains nationalism as a product of symbols, myths, and traditions, and is associated with the work of

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Spencer, Philip; Wollman, Howard (1 October 1998). "Good and bad nationalisms: A critique of dualism".

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was held on 18 September 2014. The proposal was defeated, with 55.3% voting against independence. In a

3108: 2307: 2080: 1753: 1665: 853: 824: 727: 625: 16428: 14486: 12225:

Alison, Miranda (2007). "Wartime Sexual Violence: Women's Human Rights and Questions of Masculinity".

8706: 4943:), integral nationalism results after a nation has achieved independence and has established a state. 3900:

in the United States being a prime example), increasing unrest and civil wars in the Middle East, and

16475: 16418: 16003: 15030: 14973: 14959: 14932: 14864: 14740: 14575: 13325: 13163: 12492: 10477: 9065:

The Past in Exile: Serbian Long-distance Nationalism and Identity in the Wake of the Third Balkan War

6191:"'Primordialism' in nationalism studies: theory or ideology?: 'Primordialism' in nationalism studies" 5091: 5083: 4631:

could combine a rejection of the unitary civic-national state with a belief in liberal universalism.

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with the goal of establishing a new Jewish homeland. The majority and local population in Palestine,

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in the country) as a means of modernizing the country was developed by Spanish conservatives, fusing

2491: 1375: 980: 454: 386: 267: 12944:

May the Best Man Win: Sport, Masculinity, and Nationalism in Great Britain and the Empire, 1880–1935

12037: 10451: 4469: 4437:, but a stable community of people"; "a nation is formed only as a result of lengthy and systematic 2659: 2162:

which were waged in order to achieve the alleged goal of liberating Orthodox nationalities, such as

379: 17316: 14775: 14770: 13313: 12832: 12620: 10292: 8043:

Miller, Nicola (2006). "The historiography of nationalism and national identity in Latin America".

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Prominent theorists who developed the modernist interpretation of nations and nationalism include:

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in Europe and North America. That trend was further fueled by increased terrorism in the West (the

3083:

In current Polish politics, Polish nationalism is most openly represented by parties linked in the

2556: 1988: 1812: 1095: 985: 309: 304: 12487: 3804:

Yugoslavia was established after the First World War and joined three acknowledged ethnic groups:

2734:

and an authoritarian stance (as well as promoting policies favouring the Spanish language against

2222: 17296: 17216: 16633: 16222: 16133: 15463: 14978: 13141: 12684: 10158: 9471:

Berg, Steven (1993). "Nationalism Redux: Through the Glass of the Post-Communist States Darkly".

8718: 7484: 5481: 5406: 5206: 5022:, in the view that their nations are being persecuted by other nations and thus need to exercise 4537: 4399: 4330:

The primordialist evolutionary views of nationalism often reference the evolutionary theories of

3967: 3909: 3855: 3717: 3666: 3190:, ultimately the most successful of Jewish nationalist movements, advocated in the creation of a 2340: 2331: 2107: 1757: 1700: 1025: 508: 17030: 12976: 12958:, "Teaching the nations how to play: sport and society in the British empire and Commonwealth." 11121: 8999: 8993: 4560:

have been a series of smaller independence movements that are also defined by anti-colonialism.

4129: 16623: 16603: 16453: 16123: 15751: 15620: 15322: 15075: 14809: 13206: 11366:

Imperial rule and the politics of nationalism : anti-colonial protest in the French empire

9846:"The Rise of the Russian Nationalism, the Secret of Putin's Survival, and the Return of Stalin" 9365: 8100: 5722:

refused to identify with any nationality, referring to himself as 'universal'. Furthermore, in

5181: 5165: 5109: 4898: 4865:

by the West. The imagined feminine East, or "other," exists in contrast to the masculine West.

4832: 4801: 4002: 3569:

was established in 1945 to promote Arab interests and cooperation between the new Arab states.

3167: 3163: 3112: 3022: 2862: 2386:, residing in various European countries, but sometime mixed with alien elements such as Jews. 1997: 1925: 1616: 1524: 1262: 1204: 1150: 615: 605: 16490: 12781:"Billboard from 'white genocide' segregation group goes up along highway near Birmingham, Ala" 10006: 9239: 9169: 9024: 8401: 7976: 7280: 6309: 6016: 5339:

without the historical and philosophical baggage that accompanies such a claim, including the

4433:, but a historically constituted community of people;" "a nation is not a casual or ephemeral 16777: 16732: 16543: 16138: 15511: 15257: 15105: 14983: 14886: 14881: 14797: 14745: 14696: 13679: 13619: 13593: 12828: 12080: 12072: 7933: 7788: 6943: 6665: 6006: 5973: 5515: 5465: 5438: 5149: 5051: 4990: 4846: 4748: 4525: 4247: 4010: 3913: 3593: 3312:

stimulated by the May Fourth Movement waxed strong throughout the 1920s and 1930s. Historian

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in 1878. Serbia had sought to liberate and unite with Bosnia and Herzegovina to the west and

2836: 2540: 2374:, may also be understood as trans-national in nature. This aspect was primarily advocated by 2323: 1824: 1816: 1773: 1588: 1576: 1082: 915: 665: 408: 403: 329: 272: 223: 16593: 13192: 12716: 12655:

The Radical Right in Britain: Social Imperialism to the BNP (British History in Perspective)

11009: 9090: 8663: 7623: 7334: 7125: 1839:, flags and narratives were assiduously constructed by nationalists and widely adopted. The 1760:(66–73 CE) is often cited by scholars as a prominent example of ancient Jewish nationalism. 17554: 17286: 17166: 16935: 16742: 16583: 16510: 16202: 16163: 16148: 15682: 15468: 15274: 15247: 15050: 14968: 14942: 14927: 14891: 14792: 14760: 14718: 14701: 14568: 11111: 8757: 5835: 5628: 5030: 4940: 4910: 4845:

has historically been heavily intertwined with muscular nationalism, from research linking

4775: 4549: 4482: 4450: 4178: 4029: 3897: 3476: 3403: 3309: 3145: 2985: 2743: 2607: 2363: 2092: 2069: 1765: 1679: 1629: 1621: 1542: 1538: 1486: 1192: 1063: 1053: 1038: 965: 883: 590: 498: 459: 449: 413: 374: 324: 287: 245: 228: 201: 100: 50: 16757: 10624: 8228:(1st ed.), Prague: Nakladatelství epocha, Pražská vydavatelská společnost, p. 11 7531:

Nationalism and Modernism: A Critical Survey of Recent Theories of Nations and Nationalism

7381:"Nationalism in Europe and America | Lloyd S. Kramer | University of North Carolina Press" 6281: 6264: 4272: 4231: 3064:. The Jagiellon Concept was the official policy of the government in the 1920s and 1930s. 3045:. In contrast with the Jagiellon concept, there was no concept for a multi-ethnic Poland. 2992:, a new Polish state that ignited a spirit of nationalism. Russia took it over in 1815 as 2654:

The nationalization process accelerated in the 19th century, in parallel to the origin of

8: 17476: 17356: 17326: 17246: 16772: 16712: 16033: 15953: 15580: 15317: 15262: 15125: 14908: 14896: 14834: 14681: 14645: 12811:

Smith, Anthony D. 1986. The Ethnic Origins of Nations London: Basil Blackwell. pp. 6–18.

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Imperial Rule and the Politics of Nationalism: Anti-Colonial Protest in the French Empire

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in the economy, with policies that emphasize domestic control of the economy, labor, and

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The cause of Polish nationalism was repeatedly frustrated before 1918. In the 1790s, the

2943: 2827: 2655: 2628: 2519: 2495: 2466: 2444: 2440: 2059: 1953: 1945: 1863: 1801: 1580: 1505: 1454: 1304: 1214: 1068: 970: 920: 858: 712: 675: 670: 655: 464: 418: 339: 208: 16520: 13355: 12582:(March 2003). "From slime mould to rhizome: an introduction to the groupuscular right". 11877:

The First America: The Spanish Monarchy, Creole Patriots and the Liberal State 1492–1866

8664:"Video of the Conference of Josep Borrell at the Geneva Press Club, 27th February, 2019" 6781: 5108:

Among the first advocates of national-anarchism were Hans Cany, Peter Töpfer and former

4434: 4032:

in the government developed over the course of the early 21st century, largely from the

17488: 17483: 17466: 17461: 16930: 16438: 16375: 15635: 15267: 15242: 15232: 15227: 15215: 14844: 14814: 14802: 14765: 14735: 14723: 14706: 14686: 14501: 14273: 13773: 13723: 13650:(1944; 2nd ed. 2005 with introduction by Craig Calhoun). 735 pp; an often-cited classic 13240: 13048: 12599: 12443: 12345: 12341: 12250: 12242: 12207: 12199: 12136: 11889: 11858: 11773: 11391:

The promise of power : the origins of democracy in India and autocracy in Pakistan

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War and Nation: identity and the process of state-building in South America (1800–1840)

7919:

The People in Arms: Military Myth and National Mobilization since the French Revolution

7904: 7886: 7878: 7843: 7176: 7168: 7121: 7088: 6870: 6862: 6763: 6652: 6546: 6518: 6499: 6450: 6425:

Bunce, Valerie (2000). "Comparative Democratization: Big and Bounded Generalizations".

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is closely tied with this ideology, and practical examples include Stalin's early work

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contingencies that characterize every known historical process. Robert Hislope argues:

4033: 3283: 3053: 2967: 2854: 2735: 2454: 2327: 2277: 2195: 1982: 1784: 1546: 1509: 1490: 1430: 1342: 935: 630: 503: 442: 437: 359: 344: 333: 292: 262: 250: 233: 213: 183: 16920: 14396:

Nationalism and Ethnicity Terminologies: An Encyclopedic Dictionary and Research Guide

12424:"Co-opting the counter culture: Troy Southgate and the National Revolutionary Faction" 12013: 9282:""Zionism without Zion"?: Territorialist Ideology and the Zionist Movement, 1882–1956" 3210:

that, in contrast to the Jews of the diaspora, was strong, worked the land, and spoke

3072:

at Tehran in 1943 rejected the Jagiellon Concept because it involved Polish rule over

3028:

In the late 19th and early 20th century, many Polish nationalist leaders endorsed the

2996:

with the tsar proclaimed as "King of Poland". Large-scale nationalist revolts erupted

2703: 1827:, there was an emergence of an integrated, nation-encompassing economy and a national 17451: 17396: 17236: 17025: 16687: 16613: 16588: 16390: 16192: 15347: 15237: 15210: 15110: 15070: 15055: 15045: 15014: 14913: 14869: 14859: 14839: 14750: 14728: 14713: 14691: 14665: 14640: 14635: 14400: 14376: 14352: 14328: 14304: 14280: 14254: 14230: 14198: 14133: 14111: 14079: 14069: 13985: 13952: 13916: 13897: 13868: 13834: 13827: 13777: 13763: 13731: 13709: 13685: 13664: 13605: 13598: 13570: 13541: 13516: 13492: 13482: 13431: 13421: 13398: 13388: 13121: 13096: 13071: 13052: 12836: 12812: 12722: 12658: 12630: 12603: 12447: 12349: 12275: 12211: 12159: 12084: 11957: 11815: 11777: 11725: 11626: 11602: 11576: 11566: 11541: 11513: 11462: 11452: 11429: 11419: 11394: 11369: 11346: 11315: 11303: 11266: 11247: 11235: 11015: 10994: 10892: 10853: 10832: 10789: 10457: 10263: 10233: 10199: 10067: 9935:"Bulgaria's government will include far-right nationalist parties for the first time" 9830: 9782: 9693: 9613: 9578: 9313: 9301: 9245: 9224: 9175: 9096: 9069: 9030: 9003: 8978: 8925: 8913: 8901: 8820: 8779: 8722: 8642: 8613: 8590: 8543: 8514: 8485: 8436: 8407: 8383: 8306: 8056: 7982: 7939: 7794: 7770: 7603: 7563: 7535: 7505: 7499: 7444: 7417: 7340: 7286: 7259: 7219: 7180: 7160: 7111: 7078: 7038: 7013: 6949: 6895: 6874: 6854: 6734: 6615: 6550: 6538: 6491: 6454: 6442: 6372: 6353: 6313: 6222: 6210: 6169: 6164:

Adeney, Katharine (2009). "Nationalism". In Iain, McLean; McMillan, Alistair (eds.).

6132: 6118: 6020: 5936: 5911: 5881: 5741: 5546: 5469: 5426: 5422: 5347: 5210: 5138: 4937: 4891: 4850: 4837: 4785: 4651: 4616: 4595:", where he defined the nation as a "daily referendum" (frequently translated "daily 4581: 4553: 4494: 4284: 4174: 4145: 3998: 3948: 3662: 3577: 3488: 3471: 3439: 3346: 3248: 3215: 3211: 3009: 2997: 2973: 2963: 2923: 2819: 2787: 2620: 2595: 2523: 2515: 2499: 2474: 2314: 2303: 2187: 2183: 2113: 2073: 1867: 1797: 1780: 1725: 1709: 1692: 1501: 1494: 1442: 1337: 1011: 873: 868: 829: 802: 610: 595: 570: 425: 391: 369: 277: 255: 240: 218: 150: 125: 120: 16505: 14505: 14222: 8567: 7653: 7033:

Benner, Erica (2013). "Nationalism: Intellectual Origins". In Breuilly, John (ed.).

6503: 4290: 4239: 3958:

to consolidate power. This nationalist sentiment was used in Russia's annexation of

2715:, which holds the power of propelling the weaponized notion of Spain being a nation 17456: 17386: 17156: 17075: 17070: 16995: 16970: 16915: 16905: 16895: 16865: 16845: 16835: 16702: 16697: 16655: 16598: 16395: 16078: 16073: 16048: 15993: 15968: 15543: 15533: 15506: 15475: 15369: 15332: 15135: 15115: 15040: 14993: 14988: 14849: 14610: 14548: 14366: 14342: 14318: 14294: 14268: 14244: 14147: 14125: 14103: 14061: 13822: 13755: 13279: 13232: 13038: 12591: 12435: 12337: 12254: 12234: 12191: 12128: 12038:"Death by Landscape: Race, Nature and Gender in the Canadian Nationalist Mythology" 12009: 11850: 11841:

Singley, Carol J. (2003). "Race, Culture, Nation: Edith Wharton and Ernest Renan".

11811: 11765: 11721: 11338: 11295: 11227: 11161: 10974: 10812: 10769: 10731: 9818: 9683: 9675: 9636: 9601: 9566: 9518: 9293: 9204: 8966: 8905: 8808: 8769: 8761: 8252: 8052: 7890: 7870: 7835: 7525: 7315: 7211: 7152: 6846: 6644: 6530: 6481: 6434: 6341: 6305: 6276: 6202: 6110: 6065: 5960: 5697: 5565: 5418: 5302: 5188: 5055: 5027: 4659: 4408: 4335: 4043: 3623: 3542: 3443: 3435: 3411: 3320:

Nationalism, patriotism, progress, science, democracy, and freedom were the goals;

3230: 3121: 3001: 2884: 2843: 2823: 2807: 2799: 2632: 2603: 2544: 2511: 2478: 2117: 1848: 1761: 1749: 1741: 1675: 1556: 1287: 1043: 897: 680: 580: 565: 555: 518: 513: 364: 90: 17060: 14430: 13466: 4057:, the British populace unexpectedly voted to withdraw the United Kingdom from the 3522:

nationalists, who focused on racial segregation and white minority rule, known as

1429:. It holds that each nation should govern itself, free from outside interference ( 17513: 17186: 17105: 17065: 17035: 17020: 16985: 16980: 16950: 16925: 16910: 16885: 16870: 16805: 16782: 16767: 16752: 16737: 16608: 16563: 16548: 16538: 16360: 16355: 16212: 16207: 16187: 16175: 15640: 15538: 15297: 15100: 14829: 14824: 14787: 14755: 14660: 14605: 14555: 14481: 14468: 14426: 14370: 14346: 14322: 14298: 14248: 14160: 14053: 14041: 14034: 14017: 13889: 13807: 13703: 13658: 13535: 13510: 13486: 13210: 13199: 12983: 12386: 11673: 10886: 10409:. Author – Sachie Mizohata. Published 1 November 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2020. 10402: 9939: 9789: 9570: 9063: 8463: 8339: 8199: 7593: 7529: 7438: 7411: 7319: 7215: 6889: 6728: 6587: 6345: 6010: 5905: 5875: 5776: 5704:

stated that "Nationalism is an infantile disease. It is the measles of mankind".

5701: 5661:

century, liberals have been increasingly divided, with some philosophers such as

5593: 5161: 5153: 5144: 5120:, a since disbanded British-based organization which cultivated links to certain 5079: 4944: 4918: 4736: 4620: 4339: 4251: 4166: 4117: 3963: 3883: 3816: 3793: 3426: 3384: 3380: 3005: 2993: 2989: 2912: 2908: 2892: 2872: 2739: 2727: 2599: 2563: 2507: 2436: 2291: 2261: 2191: 2142:) – recognition of the state-founding role on Russian nationality. 2027: 2006: 1832: 1728:, though there is ongoing debate about its existence in varying forms during the 1568: 1418: 1365: 1347: 1172: 1157: 759: 685: 585: 354: 349: 314: 282: 145: 95: 85: 80: 14300:

The Nation in History: Historiographical Debates about Ethnicity and Nationalism

14024:

Nationalism in Europe and America: Politics, Cultures, and Identities since 1775

12971:

Driss Abbassi, "Le sport dans l'empire français: un instrument de domination?."

12595: 9999:"Latvia's nationalist party demands right for employees to use Latvian language" 9966: 9783:

Madrid Unity Rally Mired by Fascist Salutes From Far-right Falange Party Members

9605: 9297: 9195:

Sharp, Tony (1977). "The Origins of the 'Teheran Formula' on Polish Frontiers".

8256: 8170:

The Course of German Nationalism: From Frederick the Great to Bismarck 1763–1867

7108:

Nationalism in Europe and America: Politics, Cultures, and Identities since 1775

5217:

social philosophy. The main ideological innovation of national-anarchism is its

3975: 2769:

began as a rebellion by Greek revolutionaries against the ruling Ottoman Empire.

17503: 17411: 17401: 17130: 17005: 16990: 16965: 16960: 16955: 16900: 16875: 16830: 16810: 16672: 16643: 16618: 16573: 16553: 16515: 16470: 16350: 16340: 16197: 16028: 15841: 15426: 15406: 15401: 15389: 15157: 15130: 15065: 15060: 14655: 14474: 14065: 14057: 13944: 13796: 13745: 13506: 12918:

Sport, nationalism, and globalization: European and North American perspectives

10362: 9208: 8610:

The end of the old regime and industrialization. Flight. V History of Catalonia

8367:

The Risorgimento Revisited: Nationalism and Culture in Nineteenth-century Italy

6730:

Nations: The Long History and Deep Roots of Political Ethnicity and Nationalism

6438: 5677:

emphasizing that a liberal society needs to be based in a stable nation state.

5662: 5624: 5620: 5576: 5542: 5522: 5357:

that would result in authoritarianism and oppression, only on a smaller scale.

5309: 5279: 5275: 5248: 5157: 5113: 4694: 4647: 4635: 4517: 4490: 4412: 4343: 4331: 4198: 4193: 4185: 4079: 4058: 3955: 3824: 3820: 3546: 3531: 3480: 3431: 3313: 3207: 3199: 3195: 2981: 2947: 2850: 2795: 2616: 2552: 2532: 2406: 2402: 2257: 2248: 2179: 2147: 2096: 2046: 1852: 1552: 1410: 1243: 1162: 1116: 1058: 575: 297: 135: 13435: 12931:

Transformation of Modern Korean Sport: Imperialism, Nationalism, Globalization

12439: 12238: 12195: 11769: 11342: 11299: 10978: 8970: 4257:

In his analysis of the historical changes and development of human societies,

3148:, who started the struggle for an independent Bulgarian church. An autonomous 2465:

Italian nationalism emerged in the 19th century and was the driving force for

17548: 17436: 17266: 17176: 17125: 17095: 17085: 17015: 17010: 17000: 16860: 16850: 16840: 16815: 16682: 16660: 16578: 16485: 16458: 16443: 16385: 16068: 15610: 15570: 15458: 15362: 15284: 14937: 14650: 14625: 14620: 14615: 14202: 14083: 14045: 13654: 13562: 12955: 12579: 12538: 12295: 11666: 11350: 11307: 11239: 10071: 9907: 9305: 9092:

Whose Bosnia? Nationalism and Political Imagination in the Balkans, 1840–1914

8917: 8909: 8812: 8783: 8765: 8726: 8144:

The Bee and the Eagle: Napoleonic France and the End of the Holy Roman Empire

7164: 7075:

Where Nation-States Come From: Institutional Change in the Age of Nationalism

6858: 6619: 6576: 6542: 6495: 6446: 6214: 5844: 5840: 5781: 5726:, Kate Levchuk stated that a transhumanist "doesn't believe in nationality". 5715: 5666: 5639: 5585: 5351: 5332: 5324: 5192: 5063: 4970: 4755: 4416: 4352: 3042: 3033: 3029: 2832: 2691: 2670:"To make the Spanish nation a nation that neither is nor has been until now." 2567: 2390: 2264:. Spain lost all of its American colonies, except Cuba and Puerto Rico, in a 2088: 2005:

from 1887 depicting French students being taught about the lost provinces of

1836: 1828: 1691:

Smith posits the challenges posed to traditional religion and society in the

1599: 1516: 1167: 1145: 1120: 950: 600: 491: 130: 110: 105: 14372:

The Nation Made Real: Art and National Identity in Western Europe, 1600–1850

13894:

Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe

11580: 11433: 10803:

Posen, Barry (Fall 1993). "Nationalism, the Mass Army, and Military Power".

9822: 9679: 9281: 6069: 5933:

Nationalism reframed: Nationhood and the national question in the New Europe

5315:

National-anarchism has elicited scepticism and outright hostility from both

2709:

A by-product of 19th-century Spanish nationalist thinking is the concept of

17416: 17100: 17090: 17080: 16945: 16940: 16880: 16855: 16825: 16820: 16727: 16722: 16568: 16448: 16182: 16118: 15988: 15978: 15973: 15892: 15882: 15826: 15716: 15357: 15342: 15337: 15120: 15035: 14630: 14390: 11466: 11152:

Smith, Anthony D. (March 1983). "Nationalism and Classical Social Theory".

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La fi de l'antic règim i la industrialització. Vol. V Història de Catalunya

5601: 5445: 5354: 5294: 5283: 5252: 5236: 5232: 5199: 5087: 5047: 4995: 4948: 4925: 4883: 4675: 4670:

and liberalism, but as a form of nationalism it is usually contrasted with

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Imagined Communities: Reflections on the origins and spread of nationalism

8456: 7960:

Defeat and Memory: Cultural Histories of Military Defeat in the Modern Era

7092: 7009:

The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789

6470:"Nationalism, Collaboration, and Resistance: France under Nazi Occupation" 6397:

Imagined Communities: Reflections on the origins and spread of nationalism

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empires prevented peripheral regions from having autonomy and local rule.

3838: 1783:(1789) is seen as an important starting point, not only for its impact on 17115: 17110: 17045: 17040: 16890: 16762: 16717: 16707: 16500: 16495: 16433: 16370: 16153: 16128: 16013: 15983: 15958: 15938: 15917: 15897: 15877: 15867: 15836: 15701: 15565: 15528: 15523: 15374: 15352: 15302: 15279: 15090: 13488:

Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism

13043: 13026: 12996:"Nationalities Papers: Volume 50 - Special Issue on Pandemic Nationalism" 10965:

Goetze, David (1998). "Evolution, Mobility, and Ethnic Group Formation".

10395: 8270: 8240: 8031:

Russian Nationalism since 1856: Ideology and the Making of Foreign Policy

6486: 5799:, an interdisciplinary academic field devoted to the study of nationalism 5569: 5414: 5410: 5343: 5340: 5260: 5228: 5225: 5173: 5169: 5075: 4974: 4966: 4914: 4854: 4842: 4811: 4780:

Economic nationalism, or economic patriotism, is an ideology that favors

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monument which was built in 1862 in celebration of one thousand years of

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The moral value of nationalism, the relationship between nationalism and

1520: 1414: 1234: 1199: 1102: 1090: 955: 645: 635: 474: 12246: 9648: 9530: 9167: 8484:] (in Catalan) (del 1979 ed.). Edicions del 1979. p. 230. 7847: 3021:

of the 1870s. The Poles joined German Catholics in a well-organized new

2911:, with German backing, tried to crush Serbia in 1914, thus igniting the 2210: 1485:. There are various definitions of a "nation", which leads to different 1360: 754: 17498: 17306: 17206: 17055: 16975: 16747: 16638: 16480: 16423: 16400: 16365: 16314: 16304: 16272: 16217: 16043: 16023: 15948: 15912: 15816: 15801: 15726: 15651: 15625: 15585: 15555: 15441: 15421: 15312: 15168: 15152: 13244: 13155: 12140: 11862: 10986: 10824: 10781: 10323:"Ultra-nationalist school linked to Japanese PM accused of hate speech" 9971: 9664:"Europe's New Identity: The Refugee Crisis and the Rise of Nationalism" 8774: 8498: 8245:

Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences

7882: 7172: 6866: 6767: 6206: 5850: 5817: 5736: 5693: 5685: 5657: 5653: 5616: 5612: 5388: 5374: 5256: 5244: 5218: 5184: 4978: 4951:, according to Alter and Brown, were examples of integral nationalism. 4862: 4815: 4643: 4607: 4596: 4548:

into two states in 1947 along religious lines into the Muslim-majority

4478: 4348: 4154: 3731: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3499:

In the 1880s the European powers divided up almost all of Africa (only

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The political convulsions of the late 18th century associated with the

1840: 1733: 1564: 1533:, currently the most commonly accepted theory of nationalism, adopts a 1482: 1474: 1466: 1324: 1314: 1309: 1048: 910: 739: 707: 660: 319: 188: 178: 168: 31: 13223:

Lang, Timothy (2002). "Lord Acton and 'the Insanity of Nationality'".

12203: 11710:

Patten, Alan (1999). "The Autonomy Argument for Liberal Nationalism".

11173: 9216: 9095:. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. pp. 1–17, 90–126. 6469: 5413:

of other races. Its ideas tend to be in direct conflict with those of

4082:, sometimes called the "Tropical Trump", with United States President 2903:

as their common land based on shared language and tradition. In 1914,

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Association for Research on Ethnicity and Nationalism in the Americas

11754:"Does Liberal Democracy Presuppose a Cultural Nation? Four Arguments" 10229: 10060:"Narendra Modi's landslide victory shatters Congress's grip on India" 9640: 9522: 9396:

Histories of the hanged: The dirty war in Kenya and the end of empire

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abolished many of the old or medieval relics, such as dissolving the

2253: 2167: 2103: 1875: 1856: 1649: 1584: 1450: 1209: 1107: 990: 945: 925: 620: 14130:

Nation-States and Nationalisms:Organization, Ideology and Solidarity

13236: 12626:

Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity

12294:

Integral nationalism is one of five types of nationalism defined by

12132: 11854: 10816: 10773: 8686: 7204:"Theoretical Considerations: Nationalism and Ethnicity in Antiquity" 7156: 6468:

Kocher, Matthew Adam; Lawrence, Adria K.; Monteiro, Nuno P. (2018).

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and other restrictions on the movement of labor, goods and capital.

4599:") dependent on the will of its people to continue living together. 3706: 3673:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 2690:

And will be found again two hundred years later, from the socialist

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Muller, Jerry Z. "Us and Them." Current Issue 501 Mar/Apr 2008 9–14

11231: 11165: 10482: 10421:"Sturgeon says second independence vote 'a matter of when, not if'" 10159:"Review: Myanmar's Enemy Within and the Making of Anti-Muslim Rage" 7874: 6850: 6669: 6534: 5751: 5689: 5681: 5608: 5597: 5290: 5121: 5059: 4874: 4162: 4110: 4018: 3983: 3979: 3893: 3827:

cultural orientation in the northwest, versus Orthodoxy, Islam and

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was promoted, which ultimately failed. After the Second World War,

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approach and proposes that nationalism emerged due to processes of

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American Nativism and Its Representation in the Film "L. A. Crash"

9156:

God's Playground: A History of Poland, Vol. 2: 1795 to the Present

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is exemplified by movements against colonial powers in the 1900s.

3565:

achieved gradually gained independence between 1922 and 1952. The

2485:

is central to Italian nationalism but it was based in the liberal

1896:

traced the origin of European nationalism to the aftermath of the

1445:, based on a combination of shared social characteristics such as 17508: 17421: 16309: 16277: 16267: 16038: 15998: 15831: 15756: 15741: 15721: 15630: 15490: 15431: 15379: 14954: 14874: 10511:"Trump refuses to acknowledge the fraught history of nationalism" 9807: 9794: 8679: 8540:

In Christian! Police and Civil Guard against the Catalan language

6056:

Triandafyllidou, Anna (1998). "National Identity and the Other".

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Some of the qualities that characterize integral nationalism are

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Liberal nationalism is commonly considered to be compatible with

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Sense and Nonsense: Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behaviour

10625:"Trump Called Erdoğan to Congratulate Him on Referendum Results" 10569:"In Supporting Erdogan, Turks Cite Economic and Religious Gains" 8832: 8830: 8536:

En cristiano! Policia i Guàrdia Civil contra la llengua catalana

8399: 8071:"1810 Juntas Form in Caracas, Buenos Aires, Bogota and Santiago" 3978:). Nationalist parties have also joined governing coalitions in 3410:

or fascistic nationalist authoritarian dictatorship inspired by

2397:," which was a vast undertaking to transplant Aryans throughout 1678:

describes how intellectuals played a primary role in generating

16257: 16058: 15846: 15821: 15811: 15781: 15766: 15384: 14901: 11007: 7935:

Under the Shadow of Defeat: The War of 1870–71 in French Memory

6103:"Varieties of Nationalism: Communities, Narratives, Identities" 5008: 4933: 4929: 4887: 4807: 4789: 4536:

supporters, the insistence of the Muslims under the separatist

4295: 4158: 4106: 4063: 3987: 3971: 3959: 3905: 3554: 3492: 3484: 3392: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3238: 3132: 2900: 2888: 2880: 2675: 2640: 2458: 2410: 2398: 2371: 2287: 2175: 1937: 1878:

wrote in 1944 that nationalism emerged in the 17th century. In

1859:

as the personification of the English national spirit in 1712.

1769: 1434: 1406: 1297: 1239: 1137: 702: 484: 479: 67: 14560: 13660:

Multicultural Citizenship: A Liberal Theory of Minority Rights

13647:

The Idea of Nationalism: A Study in Its Origins and Background

12374:

Robert Zuzowski, "The Left and Nationalism in Eastern Europe"

11329:

Yack, Bernard (1 March 1996). "The myth of the civic nation".

11263:

The Idea of Nationalism: A Study of Its Origins and Background

10760:

Herbst, Jeffrey (Spring 1990). "War and the State in Africa".

9592:

Ramet, Sabrina (1996). "Eastern Europe's Painful Transition".

7595:

The Idea Of Nationalism: A Study In Its Origins And Background

7501:

The Rise of English Nationalism: A Cultural History, 1740–1830

7440:

The Rise of English Nationalism: A Cultural History, 1740–1830

7339:. Studies in European History. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 5. 3902:

waves of Muslim refugees, especially from the Syrian Civil War

2761: 2106: – Orthodox Christianity and protection of the 1920: 16287: 15776: 15711: 14471:, comprehensive collection of new articles by modern scholars 14108:

Identity As Ideology: Understanding Ethnicity and Nationalism

13751:

Varieties of Nationalism: Communities, Narratives, Identities

10720:"Nationalism, Exclusion and Violence: A Territorial Approach" 10288:"Japan emperor greets at celebration hosted by conservatives" 8827: 8017:

Russian Literary Culture in the Camera Age: The Word as Image

7714:"Prime Minister Vanhanen at the Celebration of J.V. Snellman" 5453: 5293:

due to the inherent contradiction of anarchist philosophy of

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Nations and Nationalism Since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality

11798:"Liberal Nationalist versus Postnational Social Integration" 10948: 10946: 10912: 10910: 10908: 9967:"Threat to collapse Fico coalition after journalist killing" 7210:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 3, 11–13, 6891:

Peripheral Visions: Publics, Power, and Performance in Yemen

4969:

is one example of Pan-nationalism. The goal is to unite all

4308: 3584:

Arabs were demanding independence from the British Mandate.

3363:

to create a unified Greek state), used today in the case of

3004:

but were harshly crushed by Russia, which tried to make the

16282: 15706: 12829:

Middle East and North Africa: Challenge to Western Security

10453:

The Lure of Greatness: England's Brexit and America's Trump

10099:"Narendra Modi Wins Again – What Does That Mean for India?" 8511:

Compilation of genocidal actions against the Catalan nation

8302:"Hitler and the Himalayas: The SS Mission to Tibet 1938–39" 7370:(2014) p. xi, with details on each country large and small. 5457: 5449: 4826:

World War II United States Patriotic Army Recruiting Poster

4051:

referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom

3943:

and waves of immigration have led to a significant rise of

3088: 2503: 1737: 13625:

Globalism, Nationalism, Tribalism: Bringing Theory Back In

10689:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 309–331. 7861:

Kohn, Hans (1950). "Napoleon and the Age of Nationalism".

6715:

Direct causality can be drawn between nationalism and war.

6265:"Nationalism: What We Know and What We Still Need to Know" 5094:

in South Africa and numerous movements in Eastern Europe.

3954:

In Russia, exploitation of nationalist sentiments allowed

3892:

in the late 20th century led to a rise in nationalism and

2722:

During the first half of 20th century (notably during the

1952:

The political development of nationalism and the push for

1500:

Beginning in the late 18th century, particularly with the

27:

Political ideology that promotes the interests of a nation

15851: 15746: 13070:(2nd ed.). London: Macmillan Press. pp. 97–98. 12619: 11512:. SAIACS Press & Oxford House Research. p. 157. 11510:

Indian and Christian: Changing Identities in Modern India

11040: 10943: 10905: 10599:"European Leaders Say Vote Shows 'Deeply Divided' Turkey" 9509:

Huntington, Samuel (1993). "The Clash of Civilizations".

8854: 8635:

Racisme i supremacisme polítics a l'Espanya contemporània

8612:] (in Catalan). Barcelona: Edicions 62. p. 453. 8466:, páginas 45-46, L'Espill, nº 24, Universitat de València 6671:

Global Matrix: Nationalism, Globalism and State-Terrorism

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gained prominence in their respective nations advocating

3263:, although some support lasted through the 20th century. 2802:, especially in Britain, which was the result of western 2559:

that pushed its economy to the fifth place in the world.

1768:

provide "a closer approximation to the ideal type of the

13801:

Nationalism: What We Know and What We Still Need to Know

13600:

Nation Formation: Towards a Theory of Abstract Community

12615: 12613: 11635: 11081: 11079: 10933: 10931: 10929: 10927: 10925: 10755: 10753: 10029:"In Ukraine, nationalists gain influence – and scrutiny" 8507:

Recopilació d'accions genocides contra la nació catalana

7368:

The Long-man companion to European nationalism 1789–1920

5979:

Nation Formation: Towards a Theory of Abstract Community

5708:

stated that "Nationalism is merely the glorification of

5526:

Commonwealth Games from 1970 to 1974 and since then the

5372:

nationals than those who were born there and are called

4287:

while praising the intimacy of traditional communities.

3135:

domination of Bulgaria's culture and religion. His work

3127:

The Bulgarian national revival started with the work of

2562:

The working class in those decades voted mostly for the

37:

This article is about the ideology. For other uses, see

13569:(2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 11690: 10396:

Nippon Kaigi: Empire, Contradiction, and Japan’s Future

8998:. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 8003:

Nicholas I and Official Nationality in Russia 1825–1855

6517:

Bonikowski, Bart; Feinstein, Yuval; Bock, Sean (2021).

6516: 5331:

form of ethnic and racial separatism while wanting the

5026:

by liberating themselves from the accused persecutors.

5003:

featuring an anti-American and anti-imperialist message

4810:

of nationalism through socially constructed notions of

3557:) gradually gained independence between 1921 and 1946; 2915:

in which Austria-Hungary dissolved into nation states.

2682:, who admired the German and Italian modeling policies: 2382:. This party was devoted to what they identified as an 1916:

International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)

1603:

Title page from the second edition (Amsterdam 1631) of

13974:

Belonging: solidarity and division in modern societies

13269:, 1960. Fletcher and son Ltd., Norwich, United Kingdom 12846: 12073:"Gendered nationalism: Reproducing "Us" versus "Them"" 11418:. Washington Square, N.Y.: New York University Press. 9661: 8639:

Political racism and supremacism in contemporary Spain

6753: 6467: 6331: 4973:

into one country. They did succeed by uniting several

4069:

calls for a second referendum on Scottish independence

3056:(1783–1830), a leader of independence in Latin America 2370:

German nationalism, expressed through the ideology of

1715: 1620:

in the early 17th century. Living in the times of the

1441:

power. It further aims to build and maintain a single

13095:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 78–79. 12610: 12326:"Class and Nation: Problems of Socialist Nationalism" 11501: 11076: 11064: 11052: 11028: 10922: 10750: 10358:"Tokyo's new governor defies more than glass ceiling" 9713:"The New European Nationalism and the Migrant Crisis" 8992:

Vasiliev, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich, Vasiliev (1952).

8866: 8842: 7745:"Five Facts That You Didn't Know About J.V. Snellman" 6932:

Smith, A.D. (1991). National Identity. Penguin. p.87.

6923:

Smith, A.D. (1991). National Identity. Penguin. p.96.

6914:

Smith, A.D. (1991). National Identity. Penguin. p.94.

4366:

Nationalist and liberal pressure led to the European

1437:, and that the nation is the only rightful source of 14348:

Ethno-symbolism and Nationalism: A Cultural Approach

8707:"Aproximación al nacionalismo español contemporáneo" 8226:

Boj o pohraničí: Sudetoněmecký Freikorps v roce 1938

7970: 7968: 7921:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 14. 7573: 7306:

Calhoun, Craig (1993). "Nationalism and Ethnicity".

7051: 6941: 5235:. National-anarchists claim that those of different 4338:

views of the late nineteenth century. Thinkers like

2730:), a new brand of Spanish nationalism with a marked 1682:

and providing the ideology of political nationalism:

1433:), that a nation is a natural and ideal basis for a 13203: 12075:. In Turpin, Jennifer; Lorentzen, Lois Ann (eds.). 11218:Wirth, Louis (1 May 1936). "Types of Nationalism". 10535: 10151: 9130:

Nationalism and federalism in Yugoslavia, 1962–1991

6699:"How Significant is Nationalism as a Cause of War?" 4897:Nations and gender systems are mutually supportive 1928:(1806–1881), who also possessed the professions of 14272: 13826: 13597: 13093:The Meaning of Things: Applying Philosophy to Life 11508:Bennema, Cornelis; Bhakiaraj, Paul Joshua (2011). 11481: 10502: 9626: 9557:Berg, Steven (2004). "Why Yugoslavia Fell Apart". 9022: 8704: 8692: 7684:"Snellman, the man who inspired Finns to be Finns" 4184:Many scholars have noted the relationship between 3845:in post-Soviet and post-Yugoslav states after the 3777:There was a rise in extreme nationalism after the 3202:hoped that the new Jewish state would be based on 2798:in the 1820s and 1830s inspired supporters across 2514:sought to enlarge his political base by emulating 14431:"Nationality: The History of a Social Phenomenon" 14399:. Gulf Breeze, FL: Academic International Press. 13883:The Oxford handbook of the history of nationalism 12677: 12485: 12481: 12479: 12477: 12475: 12473: 12471: 12469: 11368:. New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press. 10566: 9168:Geoffrey A. Hosking and George Schöpflin (1997). 8435:] (in Catalan). El Gall editor. p. 422. 8400:Stephen Barbour; Cathie Carmichael, eds. (2000). 7965: 7278: 7035:The Oxford Handbook of the History of Nationalism 6168:(3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. 6051: 6049: 6041:Nationalism and the Moral Psychology of Community 5631:(a socialist), were more sympathetic to national 4766:terms of military prowess and economic strength. 4411:declared that "the working men have no country". 4128:In 2017, Turkish nationalism propelled President 17546: 14227:Theories of Nationalism: A Critical Introduction 12574: 12572: 12570: 12533: 12531: 12529: 12527: 12525: 12523: 12521: 12519: 12417: 12415: 12413: 12411: 12409: 12407: 12079:. New York: New York University Press. pp. 11953:The Political Economy of International Relations 11507: 10449: 10221: 9422:Nationalism in colonial and post-colonial Africa 9143:Prussian Poland in the German Empire (1871–1900) 9117:The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914 9061: 7974: 7326: 5046:Other examples of left-wing nationalism include 4904: 4666:Civic nationalism lies within the traditions of 2746:, which was in turn complemented by the myth of 13357:Nationalism is Glorified Tribalism Krishnamurti 12774: 12772: 12300:The Historical Evolution of Modern Nationalism. 10187: 9843: 9732: 8475: 7037:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 42. 7005: 6055: 6009:. In Geoghegan, Vincent; Wilford, Rick (eds.). 5688:, and on conflicts between nations inspired by 3032:. It held there was a Polish utopia during the 2116: – unconditional loyalty to the 13684:. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers. 13583: 13556:The Historical Evolution of Modern Nationalism 13024: 12879:The Dirty Game: Uncovering the Scandal at FIFA 12648: 12646: 12578: 12537: 12466: 11956:. Princeton University Press. pp. 31–34. 11890:"The Website of Political Research Associates" 11599:The Blackwell companion to political sociology 11285: 11134: 9870: 9728: 9726: 8796: 8751: 6409: 6159: 6157: 6046: 5346:anarchist philosophy and the contributions of 4602:Civic nationalism is normally associated with 4568:in Soviet satellite states and continues with 4305:as the basis of many nationalist governments. 3487:, pictured at a nationalist rally in colonial 2930:on 1 December 1918, and the country was named 2547:and a political doctrine of his own creation, 15667: 15184: 14576: 13867:(2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press. 12960:International Journal of the History of Sport 12567: 12516: 12404: 12323: 11592: 11590: 11529: 11145: 10418: 10255: 9710: 8542:] (in Catalan). Cossetània. p. 216. 7917:Moran, Daniel; Waldron, Arthur, eds. (2003). 7465:The Union Jack: The Story of the British Flag 7436: 7012:. Oxford University Press. pp. 259–260. 6827:(University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013) ch 1 6696: 6638: 4415:supported the concept of self-determination. 4327:and promoted along lines of common ancestry. 4165:conceptualized the state as the result of a " 4001:has grown in popularity with the rise of the 3849:were followed by a resurgence of nationalism. 2366:gained 88% of ethnic-German votes in May 1938 1383: 779: 16173: 14303:. Hanover: University Press of New England. 13744: 13537:The Sage Handbook of Nations and Nationalism 13529: 12769: 11686:Considerations on Representative Government. 11565:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 11451:(First ed.). New York: Pantheon Books. 10538:"Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs" 10225:Global Crises, Social Justice, and Education 10129:"The Regional Reach of Buddhist Nationalism" 9448:South Africa: The rise and fall of apartheid 8632: 8332: 7916: 7409: 7077:. Princeton University Press. pp. 5–6. 6812:The age of nationalism and reform, 1850–1890 6360: 6262: 6100: 5767:List of active nationalist parties in Europe 5018:Many nationalist movements are dedicated to 3553:was established in 1920; Transjordan (later 2887:) to the south. Nationalist circles in both 2794:. The Greek drive for independence from the 2510:. The liberal government under the Sicilian 2198:are credited with co-founding the movement. 16109: 12778: 12721:. Munich, Germany: GRIN Verlag. p. 4. 12671: 12652: 12643: 12158:. New York: Vintage Books. pp. 1–368. 11908: 10717: 9873:"The Problem With Poland's New Nationalism" 9723: 9473:Ethnic Conflicts WorldWide, Current History 9088: 8884: 8860: 8836: 8426: 6733:. Cambridge University Press. p. 214. 6581:"Varieties of American Popular Nationalism" 6390: 6388: 6154: 6043:. University of Chicago Press, 2012. p. 142 3951:across Greece, especially among the youth. 3632:Learn how and when to remove these messages 3359:(unity of ethnically Greek states with the 3041:, known as the "Endecja," which was led by 2907:in Bosnia assassinated Archduke Ferdinand. 2778:During the early 19th century, inspired by 2310:in 1806 promoted a feeling of nationalism. 2099:. Three components of Uvarov's triad were: 1567:, and the compatibility of nationalism and 1519:developed alongside nationalism during the 1405:is an idea or movement that holds that the 15674: 15660: 15191: 15177: 14583: 14569: 14425: 13415: 13382: 13160:"Rosa Luxemburg and the national question" 11587: 11110: 11008:Kevin N. Laland; Gillian R. Brown (2011). 10542:Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 9508: 8556: 8457:Els orígens històrics de l'anticatalanisme 8131:The Spanish American Revolutions 1808–1826 7786: 7518: 6894:. University of Chicago Press. p. 8. 6825:Internationalism in the Age of Nationalism 6664: 6258: 6256: 6254: 6252: 6250: 6248: 6246: 6244: 5935:. Cambridge University Press. p. 15. 4788:, even if this requires the imposition of 4693:Ukrainian nationalists carry portraits of 4392: 2590:, rooted in the political position of the 1390: 1376: 786: 772: 14253:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 14221: 14146: 14124: 14102: 14000:Nationalism in Asia: A History Since 1945 13943: 13042: 12905:Sports and Nationalism in Latin/o America 12892:Nationalism in Asia: A History Since 1945 12488:"Rebranding Fascism: National-Anarchists" 11393:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10391: 10389: 9687: 8995:History of the Byzantine Empire, 324–1453 8773: 8533: 8433:The Spanishization of Mallorca: 1808-1932 8014: 7931: 7793:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 21–22. 7201: 6569: 6485: 6280: 6166:The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics 6004: 5011:", is a political movement that combines 4309:Primordialist evolutionary interpretation 4181:", or socially constructed institutions. 3765:Learn how and when to remove this message 3747:Learn how and when to remove this message 3689:Learn how and when to remove this message 3483:, an anti-colonial political leader from 2034:The French reaction was a famous case of 1843:was adopted in 1801 as the national one. 15681: 15198: 14327:(2. ed.). Cambridge: Polity Press. 14158: 14039: 13979: 13888: 13862: 13653: 13561: 13558:(1928) the first major scholarly survey. 13481: 13187: 13185: 13120:. 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It also includes ideas of a 3877: 3716:needs additional citations for 3621:or discuss these issues on the 3528:multiracial elections were held 3355:movements Greek advocating for 3266: 2724:dictatorship of Primo de Rivera 2160:wars against the Ottoman Empire 1909: 17494:Separation of church and state 17392:Collectivism and individualism 17347:The Origins of Totalitarianism 15081:Historiography and nationalism 13754:. Cambridge University Press. 12747:"White Nationalism, Explained" 10967:Politics and the Life Sciences 10852:. Cambridge University Press. 10707:. Verso Books. pp. 48–56. 10222:Michael W. Apple, ed. (2009). 9848:. Institute of Modern Russia. 9668:European Journal of Psychology 9435:Nationalism in Colonial Africa 8662:Joe, Brew (26 February 2019). 8505:Lluís, García Sevilla (2021). 8476:Mayans Balcells, Pere (2019). 8015:Hutchings, Stephen C. (2004). 7416:. Cambridge University Press. 7202:Goodblatt, David, ed. 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It promoted 3344: 3275: 3109:Bulgarian National Revival 3098: 2961: 2817: 2598:, the assimilation of the 2574:in the 1980s (whose party 2434: 2308:Confederation of the Rhine 2275: 2271: 2240: 2057: 2017:) with a call to service: 2009:, taken by Germany in 1871 1986: 1980: 1913: 1855:invented the character of 1666:Nationalist historiography 1663: 1659: 854:Index of politics articles 691:Principle of nationalities 36: 29: 17529: 17379: 17148: 16796: 16529: 16409: 16328: 16240: 16231: 16097: 15931: 15860: 15689: 15499: 15293: 15206: 15031:Anarchism and nationalism 15023: 15002: 14960:List of fascist movements 14741:Constitutional patriotism 14674: 14598: 14522:"The Nationalism Project" 14185:"Nations and Nationalism" 13976:) Polity Press, Cambridge 13865:Nationalism and the State 13859:(1998), textbook; 104 pp. 13467:Resources in your library 13387:. New York: John Day Co. 13326:The Saturday Evening Post 13314:Viereck, George Sylvester 13164:Marxists Internet Archive 12621:Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas 12440:10.1080/00313220500198292 12397:Alexander J. Motyl, ed., 12239:10.1017/s0260210507007310 11770:10.1017/s000305540200028x 11684:Mill, John Stuart. 1861. 11343:10.1080/08913819608443417 11300:10.1080/13569319808420780 10979:10.1017/S0730938400025363 10885:Hechter, Michael (2000). 10687:Weber: Political Writings 10656:"The Nature of the State" 10450:Barnett, Anthony (2017). 10401:12 September 2018 at the 9062:Birgit Bock-Luna (2007). 8971:10.1080/01419870120063954 8959:Ethnic and Racial Studies 8001:Nicholas V. Riasanovsky, 7975:Jeremy D. Popkin (2016). 7477:Scholes, Percy A (1970). 6058:Ethnic and Racial Studies 5931:Brubaker, Rogers (1996). 5874:Hechter, Michael (2000). 5394: 5092:African National Congress 5084:Galician Nationalist Bloc 4720: 4705: 3461: 3425:and led by Greek general 3397:Greco-Turkish war of 1919 3284:decisive defeat of Russia 3129:Saint Paisius of Hilendar 2957: 2873:international recognition 2849:were ruled by the Muslim 2813: 2792:Greek war of independence 2773: 2767:Greek War of Independence 2756:constitutional patriotism 2266:complex series of revolts 2053: 1976: 1813:national personifications 1545:" and nationalism as an " 268:Constitutional patriotism 17317:The Revolt of the Masses 14040:Kuznicki, Jason (2008). 14033:26 November 2016 at the 14016:23 November 2016 at the 13416:Newton Lee, ed. (2019). 13118:Key Concepts in Politics 13116:Heywood, Andrew (2000). 13066:Heywood, Andrew (1999). 12833:Hoover Institution Press 12715:Dindar, Oezguer (2009). 12385:23 November 2016 at the 12271:Contemporary Nationalism 12077:The Woman and War Reader 11796:Abizadeh, Arash (2004). 11752:Abizadeh, Arash (2002). 11561:Mbembe, Achille (2001). 11536:Chitkara, M. G. (1998). 11447:Said, Edward W. (1978). 11414:Gellner, Ernest (1997). 11364:Lawrence, Adria (2013). 11014:. Oxford UP. p. 2. 9788:17 November 2017 at the 8910:10.1177/1468796805049922 8813:10.1177/0265691404042507 8766:10.21001/itma.2020.14.04 8157:Central European History 8101:"Monroe Doctrine (1823)" 8019:. Routledge. p. 86. 7006:T.C.W. Blanning (2003). 6945:Nationalism and Violence 6606:Wimmer, Andreas (2019). 6005:Finlayson, Alan (2014). 5904:Gellner, Ernest (1983). 5857: 5509: 5421:. Specific examples are 5041:socialism in one country 4849:and empire-building, to 4739:, a common faith, and a 4699:Ukrainian Insurgent Army 4684:representative democracy 4629:Catalan Republican Party 4625:Breton Federalist League 4591:in his lecture in 1882 " 4444: 4120:became president of the 4099:Make America Great Again 3271: 3144:His successor was Saint 3039:National Democracy Party 2920:Banat, Bačka and Baranja 2664:Cortes del Estatuto Real 2581: 2430: 30:Not to be confused with 17297:The Communist Manifesto 16223:Tyranny of the majority 16134:Consent of the governed 14554:4 February 2015 at the 14487:Encyclopædia Britannica 14480:15 January 2022 at the 14467:21 October 2022 at the 14167:. Stanford University. 13967:The Identity of Nations 13931:Nations and Nationalism 13863:Breuilly, John (1994). 13799:; Tudor, Maya (2021). " 13267:Russell Speaks His Mind 13142:World Book Encyclopedia 13091:Grayling, A.C. (2001). 12376:East European Quarterly 12196:10.1023/a:1011099627847 11950:Gilpin, Robert (1987). 11803:Nations and Nationalism 11713:Nations and Nationalism 9823:10.1111/1467-954X.12270 9811:The Sociological Review 9680:10.5964/ejop.v12i2.1191 8861:Muro & Quiroga 2005 8837:Muro & Quiroga 2005 8719:University of Salamanca 8693:Riquer i Permanyer 1994 8604:Fontana, Josep (1998). 8406:. Oxford UP chapter 8. 8045:Nations and Nationalism 7485:Oxford University Press 6608:"Why Nationalism Works" 6195:Nations and Nationalism 6070:10.1080/014198798329784 5907:Nations and Nationalism 5482:Territorial nationalism 5207:philosophical anarchism 4552:and the Hindu-majority 4400:The Communist Manifesto 4393:Marxist interpretations 4013:is also on the rise in 3534:was elected president. 2918:In 1918, the region of 2765:Beginning in 1821, the 2666:he defended the effort: 2341:Historische Zeitschrift 2332:Heinrich von Treitschke 2108:Russian Orthodox Church 1701:Johann Gottfried Herder 1263:Political organisations 1026:International relations 864:Politics by subdivision 16174: 16124:Clash of civilizations 16110: 15076:Gender and nationalism 14110:. Palgrave Macmillan. 13913:Theorizing Nationalism 13748:; Tudor, Maya (2023). 13198:1 October 2019 at the 13027:"Pandemic Nationalism" 12042:Canadian Woman Studies 10888:Containing Nationalism 10805:International Security 10762:International Security 9366:Patricia Buckley Ebrey 9068:. LIT Verlag Münster. 8239:Hochman, Adam (2015). 7626:The Outline of History 7443:. Palgrave Macmillan. 7437:Gerald Newman (1997). 7366:Raymond Pearson, ed., 7106:Kramer, Lloyd (2011). 6978:Slovak Studies Program 6756:The Review of Politics 6668:; James, Paul (2005). 6474:International Security 6399:. London: Verso Books. 6367:Smith, Deanna (2007). 6015:. Routledge. pp. 5971:, 2010. pp. 9, 25–30; 5877:Containing Nationalism 5650: 5498: 5335:of calling themselves 5166:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon 5004: 4857:, whereby the East is 4827: 4802:Nationalism and gender 4741:common ethnic ancestry 4702: 4570:independence movements 4520:and his allies in the 4486: 4382: 4371: 4320:The Nature of Politics 4086: 4030:nationalist influences 4003:Bharatiya Janata Party 3850: 3496: 3338: 3302: 3164:April Uprising of 1876 3113:April Uprising of 1876 3057: 2988:. Napoleon set up the 2926:joined the union with 2863:Principality of Serbia 2839: 2786:, former movements of 2770: 2728:dictatorship of Franco 2700: 2688: 2672: 2660:Antonio Alcalà Galiano 2608:Decrees of Nova planta 2594:and the absolutism of 2592:Count-Duke of Olivares 2537: 2462: 2367: 2295: 2087:" was coined by Count 2076: 2024: 2010: 1974: 1949: 1926:Johan Vilhelm Snellman 1907: 1820: 1710:separate German states 1689: 1617:De jure belli ac pacis 1607: 1605:De jure belli ac pacis 616:Gender and nationalism 16139:Divine right of kings 15106:National indifference 14152:Grounded Nationalisms 14052:. Thousand Oaks, CA: 13760:10.1017/9781108973298 12975:96.364 (2009): 5–15. 12584:Patterns of Prejudice 12428:Patterns of Prejudice 12268:Brown, David (2003). 12154:Said, Edward (1979). 12104:Mayer, Tamar (2000). 11672:28 April 2021 at the 11665:Renan, Ernest. 1882. 10660:Oxford Bibliographies 9286:Jewish Social Studies 9265:David, Engel (2009). 8758:Universitat de Lleida 8224:Hruška, Emil (2013), 8172:(Cambridge UP, 1991). 8159:30#2 (1997): 187–220. 7658:kansallisbiografia.fi 7534:. London: Routledge. 7410:Michael Mann (2012). 6888:Wedeen, Lisa (2008). 6575:Bonikowski, Bart and 6115:10.1017/9781108973298 5645: 5516:Nationalism and sport 5489: 5472:) are some examples. 5439:Religious nationalism 5280:beyond left and right 5142:(published by former 5052:26th of July Movement 4999:A political mural in 4998: 4991:Left-wing nationalism 4847:hegemonic masculinity 4825: 4796:Gendered and muscular 4782:state interventionism 4749:cultural assimilation 4692: 4526:composite nationalism 4472: 4377: 4365: 4248:Arnold Joseph Toynbee 4077: 3941:Greek economic crisis 3914:UK Independence Party 3841: 3594:Breakup of Yugoslavia 3588:Breakup of Yugoslavia 3479: 3318: 3297: 3227:Jewish Territorialism 3051: 2891:and Croatia (part of 2853:. The success of the 2837:Breakup of Yugoslavia 2835: 2764: 2696: 2684: 2668: 2528: 2452: 2409:, and all of Western 2362:, where the pro-Nazi 2354: 2324:Johann Gustav Droysen 2292:German tricolor flags 2285: 2083:. The Russian motto " 2067: 2019: 2000: 1987:Further information: 1969: 1923: 1902: 1825:Industrial Revolution 1817:Allies of World War I 1810: 1774:religious nationalism 1699:The Prussian scholar 1684: 1664:Further information: 1602: 1589:left-wing nationalism 1577:national conservatism 1421:) over its perceived 1343:Political campaigning 1083:Public administration 916:Collective leadership 666:National indifference 17560:Political ideologies 17287:Democracy in America 16666:political philosophy 16649:political philosophy 16464:political philosophy 16293:political philosophy 16203:Separation of powers 16164:Night-watchman state 16149:Monopoly on violence 15683:Political philosophy 15200:Political ideologies 15051:Cultural nationalism 14943:National syndicalist 14060:. pp. 347–349. 13982:The Necessary Nation 13911:Day, Graham (2004). 13881:Breuilly, John, ed. 13193:Notes on Nationalism 13044:10.1017/nps.2021.105 13031:Nationalities Papers 12962:6#2 (1989): 145–155. 12653:Sykes, Alan (2005). 12036:Mackay, Eva (2000). 11750:For criticism, see: 11708:For criticism, see: 11623:Liberal Nationalism. 11261:Kohn, Hans (2005) . 11135:K. Marx, F. Engels. 10407:Asia-Pacific Journal 10259:The Passenger: Japan 9817:(2_suppl): 231–249. 9280:Alroey, Gur (2011). 9171:Myths and Nationhood 8194:Adolf Hausrath, ed. 7592:Kohn, Hans (1967) . 6971:"Herder on Language" 6586:7 March 2021 at the 6487:10.1162/isec_a_00329 6083:Smith, A.D. (1981). 5836:Notes on Nationalism 5490:Nationalist slogan " 4941:American nationalism 4911:Integral nationalism 4776:Economic nationalism 4566:resistance movements 4550:Dominion of Pakistan 4483:Anglo-Egyptian Sudan 4451:Types of nationalism 4179:Imagined Communities 4146:political scientists 4130:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan 4011:Buddhist nationalism 3939:. In the 2010s, the 3937:Spanish nationalists 3925:Catalan nationalists 3898:September 11 attacks 3789:In his 1992 article 3725:improve this article 3404:4th of August regime 3310:New Culture Movement 3146:Sophronius of Vratsa 2905:Serb revolutionaries 2744:National-Catholicism 2717:shaped against Islam 2364:Sudeten German Party 2070:Millennium of Russia 1989:French–German enmity 1948:in the 19th century. 1946:Finnish nationalists 1766:Second Temple period 1732:and even antiquity. 1671:Intellectual origins 1543:imagined communities 1531:Modernization theory 1525:socially constructed 1487:types of nationalism 1193:Separation of powers 1064:Political psychology 1039:Comparative politics 1017:political scientists 1004:Academic disciplines 884:Political philosophy 591:Cultural nationalism 460:National syndicalist 17477:Right-wing politics 17357:A Theory of Justice 17327:The Road to Serfdom 17247:The Social Contract 15954:Christian democracy 15318:Christian democracy 15126:Nationalism studies 13855:Baycroft, Timothy. 13806:3 July 2022 at the 13316:(26 October 1929). 13284:"The ethics of war" 13209:1 July 2019 at the 12982:7 June 2019 at the 12786:New York Daily News 12548:Intelligence Report 12108:. Psychology Press. 11621:Tamir, Yael. 1993. 11597:Nash, Kate (2001). 11049:, pp. 495–496. 10955:, pp. 272–273. 10919:, pp. 508–509. 10685:Weber, Max (1994). 10486:. 22 October 2018. 10262:. Europa Editions. 10165:. 12 October 2017. 10135:. 7 November 2017. 10097:Iwanek, Krzysztof. 9759:. 5 February 2018. 9326:Rotem Kowner, ed., 9115:Christopher Clark, 8462:5 June 2022 at the 8029:Astrid S. Tuminez, 7828:The History Teacher 7787:John Horne (2012). 7333:Zimmer, O. (2003). 7139:Kohn, Hans (1939). 6786:merriam-webster.com 5797:Nationalism studies 5494:", used during the 5407:banning race mixing 5367:Nativism (politics) 5255:, economically non- 5090:in Bangladesh, the 5020:national liberation 4604:liberal nationalism 4542:Indian subcontinent 4368:Revolutions of 1848 4236:Rabindranath Tagore 4224:Carlton J. H. Hayes 4134:national referendum 4007:right-wing populism 3927:have led a renewed 3847:revolutions of 1989 3779:Revolutions of 1989 3468:African nationalism 3306:May Fourth Movement 3278:Chinese nationalism 3150:Bulgarian Exarchate 2944:Yugoslav Communists 2828:Serbian nationalism 2736:the other languages 2656:Spanish nationalism 2617:national minorities 2520:Italian nationalism 2467:Italian unification 2453:People cheering as 2445:Italian unification 2441:Italian nationalism 2286:Revolutionaries in 2268:from 1808 to 1826. 2152:pan-Slavic movement 2124:protection for all 2060:Russian nationalism 1954:popular sovereignty 1802:American Revolution 1754:Great Jewish Revolt 1581:right-wing populism 1506:popular sovereignty 1455:geographic location 1366:Politics portal 1215:Election commission 1186:Government branches 1069:Political sociology 921:Confessional system 859:Politics by country 760:Politics portal 713:Right-wing populism 671:Nationalism studies 17489:Political violence 17484:Political theology 17467:Left-wing politics 17462:Political spectrum 15233:Political spectrum 14508:on 28 October 2014 14502:Fordham University 14197:(1). Spring 2010. 13885:(Oxford UP, 2013). 13554:Hayes, Carlton J. 13483:Anderson, Benedict 12751:The New York Times 12356:on 19 October 2017 12184:Theory and Society 11923:Timothy Baycroft, 11656:, pp. 188–189 10009:on 25 October 2018 10003:Xinhua News Agency 9450:(Routledge, 2013). 9356:(Oxford UP, 2015). 9330:(Routledge, 2006). 9128:Sabrina P. Ramet, 8955:Núñez, Xosé-Manoel 8214:(1990) pp. 399–401 7932:K. Varley (2008). 7483:(tenth ed.). 6727:Gat, Azar (2012). 6207:10.1111/nana.12349 5706:Jiddu Krishnamurti 5633:self-determination 5528:Commonwealth Games 5499: 5401:Racial nationalism 5321:white nationalists 5272:national-anarchism 5270:Although the term 5203:ethnic nationalism 5130:post-Soviet states 5104:National-anarchism 5098:National-anarchism 5054:that launched the 5024:self-determination 5015:with nationalism. 5013:left-wing politics 5009:National Socialism 5005: 4956:anti-individualism 4828: 4727:Ethnic nationalism 4712:Creole nationalism 4703: 4672:ethnic nationalism 4493:in the mid-1900s. 4487: 4372: 4087: 4037:ultra-conservative 3968:Jarosław Kaczyński 3856:Slobodan Milošević 3851: 3791:Jihad vs. McWorld, 3654:possibly contains 3497: 3239:moved to Palestine 3174:Jewish Nationalism 3122:under Ottoman rule 3058: 2986:partitioned Poland 2968:Polish nationalism 2946:established a new 2855:Serbian Revolution 2844:Orthodox Christian 2842:For centuries the 2840: 2771: 2463: 2455:Giuseppe Garibaldi 2368: 2328:Heinrich von Sybel 2296: 2278:German nationalism 2221:. You can help by 2196:Konstantin Aksakov 2077: 2011: 1983:French nationalism 1950: 1821: 1785:French nationalism 1608: 1547:invented tradition 1510:self determination 1491:ethnic nationalism 1431:self-determination 1049:Political analysis 981:Semi-parliamentary 631:Imagined community 465:National Bolshevik 184:Self-determination 17542: 17541: 17452:Philosophy of law 17397:Conflict theories 17237:The Spirit of Law 17144: 17143: 16193:Original position 15649: 15648: 15348:Constitutionalism 15211:The Establishment 15166: 15165: 15111:National question 15071:Gastronationalism 15056:Diaspora politics 15046:Banal nationalism 15015:Nationalist Clubs 14536:on 2 October 2019 14367:Smith, Anthony D. 14343:Smith, Anthony D. 14319:Smith, Anthony D. 14295:Smith, Anthony D. 14269:Smith, Anthony D. 14245:Smith, Anthony D. 14148:Malesevic, Sinisa 14126:Malesevic, Sinisa 14104:Malesevic, Sinisa 13929:Gellner, Ernest. 13563:Hobsbawm, Eric J. 13530:Delanty, Gerard; 13512:Banal Nationalism 13491:. London: Verso. 13453:Library resources 13427:978-3-030-16920-6 13280:Russell, Bertrand 12877:Andrew Jennings, 12330:Political Studies 12298:in his 1928 book 11892:. PublicEye.org. 11563:On the postcolony 11489:. Politics Review 11483:"Politics Review" 10631:. 18 April 2017. 10035:. 18 March 2014. 9975:. 13 March 2018. 9943:. 25 April 2017. 9798:. 8 October 2017. 9717:Stanford Politics 9075:978-3-8258-9752-9 8902:SAGE Publications 8839:, pp. 17–18. 8695:, pp. 14–15. 8491:978-84-947201-4-7 8307:Tricycle Magazine 8181:Louis L. Snyder, 8105:National Archives 7560:French Revolution 7526:Smith, Anthony D. 7285:. . p. 274. 7265:978-0-87417-204-1 7256:National Identity 7225:978-0-521-86202-8 7044:978-0-19-876820-3 6969:Votruba, Martin. 6810:See Norman Rich, 6596:, 81(5): 949–980. 6319:978-0-19-022863-7 5942:978-0-521-57649-9 5742:Gastronationalism 5627:(a communist) to 5547:COVID-19 pandemic 5470:Two-Nation Theory 5427:white nationalism 5423:black nationalism 5348:Jewish anarchists 5301:, dismantling of 5213:whilst rejecting 5211:stateless society 5189:racial separatism 5139:Alternative Green 5116:, founder of the 4786:capital formation 4697:and flags of the 4680:What is a Nation? 4652:individual rights 4617:Corsican Republic 4593:What is a Nation? 4582:Civic nationalism 4576:Civic and liberal 4554:Dominion of India 4495:Benedict Anderson 4273:Ferdinand Tönnies 4232:Ferdinand Tönnies 4175:Benedict Anderson 4140:Political science 3999:Hindu nationalism 3949:Greek nationalism 3775: 3774: 3767: 3757: 3756: 3749: 3699: 3698: 3691: 3656:original research 3636: 3578:Ottoman Palestine 3489:Northern Rhodesia 3472:History of Africa 3367:, as well as the 3361:Hellenic Republic 3347:Greek nationalism 3249:Jewish Autonomism 3216:Religious Zionism 2974:Habsburg monarchy 2964:History of Poland 2940:Yugoslav identity 2934:. It was renamed 2924:Kingdom of Serbia 2820:History of Serbia 2788:Greek nationalism 2539:Italy joined the 2524:R. J. B. Bosworth 2516:Otto von Bismarck 2475:Italian peninsula 2315:Otto von Bismarck 2304:Holy Roman Empire 2239: 2238: 2188:Aleksey Khomyakov 1798:Corsican Republic 1781:French Revolution 1752:as examples. The 1726:French Revolution 1693:Age of Revolution 1630:Thirty Years' War 1622:Eighty Years' War 1502:French Revolution 1495:civic nationalism 1443:national identity 1400: 1399: 1348:Political parties 1288:Electoral systems 1012:Political science 986:Semi-presidential 898:Political systems 874:Political history 869:Political economy 796: 795: 611:Gastronationalism 596:Diaspora politics 571:Banal nationalism 16:(Redirected from 17567: 17457:Political ethics 17447:Machiavellianism 17387:Authoritarianism 17372: 17362: 17352: 17342: 17332: 17322: 17312: 17302: 17292: 17282: 17272: 17262: 17252: 17242: 17232: 17222: 17212: 17202: 17192: 17182: 17172: 17162: 16238: 16237: 16179: 16115: 16105:Balance of power 16079:Social democracy 16074:Social Darwinism 16049:Multiculturalism 15994:Environmentalism 15969:Communitarianism 15676: 15669: 15662: 15653: 15652: 15576:Internationalism 15507:Authoritarianism 15476:Social democracy 15370:Environmentalism 15333:Communitarianism 15193: 15186: 15179: 15170: 15169: 15149: 15136:Plurinationalism 15116:National revival 15086:Internationalism 15041:Anti-nationalism 15024:Related concepts 14585: 14578: 14571: 14562: 14561: 14545: 14543: 14541: 14532:. Archived from 14517: 14515: 14513: 14504:. Archived from 14450: 14448: 14446: 14427:White, Philip L. 14422: 14420: 14418: 14413:on 16 March 2009 14409:. Archived from 14386: 14362: 14338: 14314: 14290: 14278: 14264: 14240: 14218: 14216: 14214: 14180: 14178: 14176: 14155: 14143: 14121: 14099: 14097: 14095: 13998:Kingston, Jeff. 13995: 13984:. Princeton UP. 13962: 13926: 13907: 13896:. Cambridge UP. 13890:Brubaker, Rogers 13878: 13844: 13832: 13823:Snyder, Louis L. 13793: 13791: 13789: 13741: 13724:Motyl, Alexander 13719: 13695: 13674: 13641: 13639: 13637: 13615: 13603: 13589: 13580: 13551: 13526: 13515:. London: Sage. 13502: 13440: 13439: 13413: 13407: 13406: 13380: 13374: 13373: 13371: 13369: 13352: 13346: 13345: 13343: 13341: 13335: 13322: 13310: 13304: 13303: 13301: 13299: 13276: 13270: 13264: 13258: 13255: 13249: 13248: 13220: 13214: 13189: 13180: 13179: 13177: 13175: 13152: 13146: 13138: 13132: 13131: 13113: 13107: 13106: 13088: 13082: 13081: 13063: 13057: 13056: 13046: 13022: 13016: 13015: 13013: 13011: 12992: 12986: 12969: 12963: 12953: 12947: 12940: 12934: 12927: 12921: 12914: 12908: 12901: 12895: 12888: 12882: 12875: 12869: 12862: 12856: 12850: 12844: 12826: 12820: 12809: 12803: 12802: 12800: 12798: 12776: 12767: 12766: 12764: 12762: 12742: 12733: 12732: 12712: 12706: 12705: 12703: 12701: 12675: 12669: 12668: 12650: 12641: 12640: 12617: 12608: 12607: 12576: 12565: 12564: 12562: 12560: 12535: 12514: 12513: 12511: 12509: 12483: 12464: 12463: 12461: 12459: 12419: 12402: 12395: 12389: 12372: 12366: 12365: 12363: 12361: 12352:. 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Random House. 10447: 10441: 10440: 10438: 10436: 10416: 10410: 10393: 10384: 10383: 10377: 10375: 10354: 10348: 10347: 10342: 10340: 10319: 10313: 10312: 10307: 10305: 10284: 10278: 10277: 10253: 10247: 10246: 10219: 10213: 10212: 10185: 10179: 10178: 10176: 10174: 10155: 10149: 10148: 10146: 10144: 10125: 10119: 10118: 10116: 10114: 10094: 10088: 10087: 10085: 10083: 10055: 10049: 10048: 10046: 10044: 10025: 10019: 10018: 10016: 10014: 9995: 9989: 9988: 9986: 9984: 9963: 9957: 9956: 9954: 9952: 9931: 9925: 9924: 9922: 9920: 9911:. 5 April 2018. 9899: 9893: 9892: 9890: 9888: 9868: 9862: 9861: 9859: 9857: 9841: 9835: 9834: 9805: 9799: 9779: 9773: 9772: 9770: 9768: 9749: 9743: 9742: 9730: 9721: 9720: 9708: 9702: 9701: 9691: 9659: 9653: 9652: 9641:10.2307/20202389 9624: 9618: 9617: 9589: 9583: 9582: 9565:(577): 357–363. 9554: 9535: 9534: 9523:10.2307/20045621 9506: 9495: 9494: 9486: 9477: 9476: 9468: 9451: 9444: 9438: 9433:Thomas Hodgkin, 9431: 9425: 9418: 9412: 9405: 9399: 9394:David Anderson, 9392: 9386: 9381:Alistair Horne, 9379: 9373: 9363: 9357: 9350: 9344: 9337: 9331: 9324: 9318: 9317: 9277: 9271: 9270: 9262: 9256: 9255: 9235: 9229: 9228: 9192: 9186: 9185: 9165: 9159: 9152: 9146: 9141:Richard Blanke, 9139: 9133: 9126: 9120: 9113: 9107: 9106: 9086: 9080: 9079: 9059: 9053: 9052: 9050: 9048: 9020: 9014: 9013: 8989: 8983: 8982: 8951: 8945: 8944: 8942: 8940: 8934: 8891: 8882: 8876: 8870: 8864: 8858: 8852: 8846: 8840: 8834: 8825: 8824: 8794: 8788: 8787: 8777: 8749: 8743: 8742: 8740: 8738: 8702: 8696: 8690: 8684: 8683: 8677: 8675: 8659: 8653: 8652: 8630: 8624: 8623: 8601: 8595: 8594: 8586: 8580: 8579: 8577: 8575: 8560: 8554: 8553: 8531: 8525: 8524: 8502: 8496: 8495: 8473: 8467: 8453: 8447: 8446: 8424: 8418: 8417: 8397: 8391: 8376: 8370: 8363: 8357: 8356: 8354: 8352: 8330: 8324: 8323: 8321: 8319: 8297: 8291: 8290: 8288: 8286: 8267: 8261: 8260: 8236: 8230: 8229: 8221: 8215: 8208: 8202: 8192: 8186: 8179: 8173: 8166: 8160: 8153: 8147: 8140: 8134: 8127: 8121: 8120: 8118: 8116: 8107:. 25 June 2021. 8097: 8091: 8090: 8088: 8086: 8067: 8061: 8060: 8040: 8034: 8027: 8021: 8020: 8012: 8006: 7999: 7993: 7992: 7972: 7963: 7956: 7950: 7949: 7929: 7923: 7922: 7914: 7908: 7901: 7895: 7894: 7858: 7852: 7851: 7840:10.2307/30036938 7823: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7812: 7784: 7778: 7767: 7761: 7760: 7758: 7756: 7740: 7734: 7733: 7731: 7729: 7710: 7704: 7703: 7701: 7699: 7690:. 2 April 2020. 7680: 7674: 7673: 7671: 7669: 7650: 7644: 7643: 7641: 7639: 7620: 7614: 7613: 7589: 7583: 7577: 7571: 7552: 7546: 7545: 7522: 7516: 7515: 7495: 7489: 7488: 7474: 7468: 7461: 7455: 7454: 7434: 7428: 7427: 7407: 7401: 7400: 7398: 7396: 7377: 7371: 7364: 7358: 7357: 7355: 7353: 7330: 7324: 7323: 7303: 7297: 7296: 7276: 7270: 7269: 7251: 7245: 7242: 7236: 7235: 7234: 7232: 7199: 7188: 7187: 7151:(6): 1001–1021. 7136: 7130: 7129: 7103: 7097: 7096: 7070: 7061: 7055: 7049: 7048: 7030: 7024: 7023: 7003: 6997: 6996: 6994: 6992: 6986: 6975: 6966: 6960: 6959: 6939: 6933: 6930: 6924: 6921: 6915: 6912: 6906: 6905: 6885: 6879: 6878: 6845:(5): 1432–1433. 6834: 6828: 6821: 6815: 6808: 6802: 6801: 6799: 6797: 6778: 6772: 6771: 6751: 6745: 6744: 6724: 6718: 6717: 6712: 6710: 6694: 6688: 6687: 6685: 6683: 6662: 6656: 6642: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6603: 6597: 6573: 6567: 6566: 6564: 6562: 6514: 6508: 6507: 6489: 6465: 6459: 6458: 6433:(6–7): 703–734. 6422: 6416: 6415: 6407: 6401: 6400: 6392: 6383: 6382: 6364: 6358: 6357: 6329: 6323: 6322: 6293: 6287: 6286: 6284: 6260: 6239: 6238: 6236: 6234: 6186: 6180: 6179: 6161: 6152: 6151: 6146: 6144: 6098: 6089: 6088: 6080: 6074: 6073: 6053: 6044: 6037: 6031: 6030: 6007:"5. Nationalism" 6002: 5996: 5995: 5993: 5991: 5958: 5947: 5946: 5928: 5922: 5921: 5901: 5892: 5891: 5871: 5831: 5698:Bertrand Russell 5590:internationalism 5566:multiculturalism 5419:multiculturalism 5386: 5303:national borders 5231:in place of the 5056:Cuban Revolution 5031:Marxism–Leninism 5028:Anti-revisionist 4660:John Stuart Mill 4540:resulted in the 4409:Friedrich Engels 4336:Social Darwinist 4044:Nanking Massacre 3825:Central European 3770: 3763: 3752: 3745: 3741: 3738: 3732: 3709: 3701: 3694: 3687: 3683: 3680: 3674: 3671:inline citations 3647: 3646: 3639: 3628: 3606: 3605: 3598: 3543:Arab nationalism 3440:Greek traditions 3436:Byzantine empire 3231:Zionist Movement 2885:Vardar Macedonia 2824:History of Serbs 2808:Classical Greece 2800:Christian Europe 2732:military flavour 2633:Balearic Islands 2545:Benito Mussolini 2512:Francesco Crispi 2479:Kingdom of Italy 2330:(1817–1895) and 2234: 2231: 2213: 2206: 2186:and traditions. 2118:House of Romanov 1849:Rule, Britannia! 1833:National symbols 1800:(1755–1768) and 1762:Anthony D. Smith 1742:classical Greeks 1676:Anthony D. Smith 1557:Anthony D. Smith 1392: 1385: 1378: 1364: 1363: 1154: 1099: 1054:Political theory 1044:Election science 1034: 1020: 798: 797: 788: 781: 774: 758: 757: 699: 681:Plurinationalism 641:Internationalism 581:Communitarianism 566:Anti-imperialism 556:Anti-nationalism 545:Related concepts 46: 45: 21: 17575: 17574: 17570: 17569: 17568: 17566: 17565: 17564: 17545: 17544: 17543: 17538: 17525: 17514:Totalitarianism 17375: 17370: 17360: 17350: 17340: 17330: 17320: 17310: 17300: 17290: 17280: 17270: 17260: 17250: 17240: 17230: 17220: 17210: 17200: 17190: 17187:Treatise on Law 17180: 17170: 17160: 17140: 16798: 16792: 16531: 16525: 16411: 16405: 16324: 16227: 16213:State of nature 16208:Social contract 16188:Ordered liberty 16176:Noblesse oblige 16093: 15927: 15856: 15685: 15680: 15650: 15645: 15641:Totalitarianism 15495: 15298:Accelerationism 15289: 15202: 15197: 15167: 15162: 15143: 15101:Nation-building 15019: 14998: 14670: 14594: 14589: 14556:Wayback Machine 14539: 14537: 14520: 14511: 14509: 14492: 14482:Wayback Machine 14469:Wayback Machine 14458: 14453: 14444: 14442: 14416: 14414: 14407: 14383: 14359: 14335: 14311: 14310:978-158465-0409 14287: 14261: 14237: 14223:Özkirimli, Umut 14212: 14210: 14183: 14174: 14172: 14140: 14118: 14093: 14091: 14076: 14035:Wayback Machine 14022:Kramer, Lloyd. 14018:Wayback Machine 13992: 13959: 13945:Greenfeld, Liah 13933:(2nd ed. 2009). 13923: 13904: 13875: 13851: 13849:Further reading 13841: 13808:Wayback Machine 13797:Mylonas, Harris 13787: 13785: 13770: 13746:Mylonas, Harris 13738: 13716: 13692: 13671: 13635: 13633: 13612: 13577: 13548: 13534:, eds. (2006). 13523: 13507:Billig, Michael 13499: 13478: 13477: 13476: 13461: 13460: 13456: 13449: 13444: 13443: 13428: 13414: 13410: 13395: 13381: 13377: 13367: 13365: 13354: 13353: 13349: 13339: 13337: 13333: 13329:. p. 117. 13320: 13311: 13307: 13297: 13295: 13277: 13273: 13265: 13261: 13256: 13252: 13237:10.2307/3654261 13221: 13217: 13211:Wayback Machine 13200:Wayback Machine 13191:George Orwell, 13190: 13183: 13173: 13171: 13153: 13149: 13139: 13135: 13128: 13114: 13110: 13103: 13089: 13085: 13078: 13064: 13060: 13023: 13019: 13009: 13007: 12994: 12993: 12989: 12984:Wayback Machine 12970: 12966: 12954: 12950: 12941: 12937: 12928: 12924: 12915: 12911: 12902: 12898: 12890:Jeff Kingston, 12889: 12885: 12876: 12872: 12863: 12859: 12851: 12847: 12827: 12823: 12810: 12806: 12796: 12794: 12777: 12770: 12760: 12758: 12743: 12736: 12729: 12713: 12709: 12699: 12697: 12676: 12672: 12665: 12651: 12644: 12637: 12618: 12611: 12577: 12568: 12558: 12556: 12541:(Summer 2009). 12536: 12517: 12507: 12505: 12484: 12467: 12457: 12455: 12420: 12405: 12396: 12392: 12387:Wayback Machine 12373: 12369: 12359: 12357: 12322: 12318: 12309: 12305: 12293: 12289: 12282: 12266: 12262: 12223: 12219: 12180: 12173: 12166: 12152: 12148: 12133:10.2307/4129220 12117: 12113: 12102: 12098: 12091: 12069: 12065: 12055: 12053: 12034: 12021: 11998: 11983: 11973: 11971: 11964: 11948: 11944: 11935: 11931: 11922: 11918: 11913: 11909: 11899: 11897: 11888: 11887: 11883: 11875:D. A. Brading, 11874: 11870: 11855:10.2307/3176007 11839: 11835: 11825: 11823: 11787: 11785: 11749: 11745: 11737: 11733: 11707: 11703: 11695: 11691: 11683: 11679: 11674:Wayback Machine 11664: 11660: 11652: 11648: 11640: 11636: 11620: 11616: 11609: 11595: 11588: 11573: 11559: 11555: 11548: 11534: 11530: 11520: 11506: 11502: 11492: 11490: 11486: 11478: 11474: 11459: 11445: 11441: 11426: 11412: 11408: 11401: 11387: 11383: 11376: 11362: 11358: 11331:Critical Review 11327: 11323: 11284: 11280: 11273: 11259: 11255: 11216: 11212: 11202: 11200: 11185: 11181: 11150: 11146: 11133: 11129: 11109: 11105: 11096: 11092: 11084: 11077: 11069: 11065: 11057: 11053: 11045: 11041: 11033: 11029: 11022: 11006: 11002: 10963: 10959: 10951: 10944: 10936: 10923: 10915: 10906: 10899: 10883: 10879: 10869: 10867: 10860: 10844: 10840: 10817:10.2307/2539098 10801: 10797: 10774:10.2307/2538753 10758: 10751: 10740: 10738: 10716: 10712: 10701: 10694: 10683: 10679: 10669: 10667: 10652: 10648: 10638: 10636: 10623: 10622: 10618: 10608: 10606: 10597: 10596: 10592: 10582: 10580: 10565: 10561: 10551: 10549: 10548:on 31 July 2017 10534: 10530: 10520: 10518: 10507: 10503: 10493: 10491: 10476: 10475: 10471: 10464: 10448: 10444: 10434: 10432: 10417: 10413: 10403:Wayback Machine 10394: 10387: 10373: 10371: 10366:. 8 July 2020. 10356: 10355: 10351: 10338: 10336: 10331:. 8 July 2020. 10321: 10320: 10316: 10303: 10301: 10296:. 8 July 2020. 10286: 10285: 10281: 10270: 10254: 10250: 10240: 10220: 10216: 10206: 10198:. p. 242. 10186: 10182: 10172: 10170: 10157: 10156: 10152: 10142: 10140: 10127: 10126: 10122: 10112: 10110: 10103:thediplomat.com 10095: 10091: 10081: 10079: 10056: 10052: 10042: 10040: 10027: 10026: 10022: 10012: 10010: 9997: 9996: 9992: 9982: 9980: 9965: 9964: 9960: 9950: 9948: 9940:Washington Post 9933: 9932: 9928: 9918: 9916: 9901: 9900: 9896: 9886: 9884: 9869: 9865: 9855: 9853: 9842: 9838: 9806: 9802: 9790:Wayback Machine 9780: 9776: 9766: 9764: 9757:Foreign Affairs 9751: 9750: 9746: 9739:Washington Post 9731: 9724: 9709: 9705: 9660: 9656: 9625: 9621: 9600:(599): 97–102. 9594:Current History 9590: 9586: 9559:Current History 9555: 9538: 9511:Foreign Affairs 9507: 9498: 9487: 9480: 9469: 9454: 9445: 9441: 9432: 9428: 9419: 9415: 9406: 9402: 9393: 9389: 9380: 9376: 9364: 9360: 9352:Shakhar Rahav, 9351: 9347: 9338: 9334: 9325: 9321: 9278: 9274: 9263: 9259: 9252: 9241:Heart of Europe 9238:Davies (2001). 9236: 9232: 9193: 9189: 9182: 9166: 9162: 9154:Norman Davies, 9153: 9149: 9140: 9136: 9127: 9123: 9114: 9110: 9103: 9087: 9083: 9076: 9060: 9056: 9046: 9044: 9037: 9021: 9017: 9010: 8990: 8986: 8952: 8948: 8938: 8936: 8932: 8889: 8883: 8879: 8871: 8867: 8859: 8855: 8847: 8843: 8835: 8828: 8795: 8791: 8750: 8746: 8736: 8734: 8703: 8699: 8691: 8687: 8673: 8671: 8660: 8656: 8649: 8631: 8627: 8620: 8602: 8598: 8587: 8583: 8573: 8571: 8570:on 19 July 2008 8562: 8561: 8557: 8550: 8532: 8528: 8521: 8503: 8499: 8492: 8474: 8470: 8464:Wayback Machine 8454: 8450: 8443: 8425: 8421: 8414: 8398: 8394: 8377: 8373: 8364: 8360: 8350: 8348: 8340:Smithsonian.com 8331: 8327: 8317: 8315: 8298: 8294: 8284: 8282: 8269: 8268: 8264: 8237: 8233: 8222: 8218: 8209: 8205: 8193: 8189: 8180: 8176: 8168:Hagen Schulze, 8167: 8163: 8154: 8150: 8141: 8137: 8128: 8124: 8114: 8112: 8099: 8098: 8094: 8084: 8082: 8069: 8068: 8064: 8041: 8037: 8028: 8024: 8013: 8009: 8000: 7996: 7989: 7973: 7966: 7957: 7953: 7946: 7930: 7926: 7915: 7911: 7902: 7898: 7859: 7855: 7824: 7820: 7810: 7808: 7801: 7785: 7781: 7768: 7764: 7754: 7752: 7741: 7737: 7727: 7725: 7720:. 12 May 2006. 7712: 7711: 7707: 7697: 7695: 7682: 7681: 7677: 7667: 7665: 7652: 7651: 7647: 7637: 7635: 7622: 7621: 7617: 7610: 7590: 7586: 7582:, pp. 171. 7578: 7574: 7553: 7549: 7542: 7523: 7519: 7512: 7496: 7492: 7475: 7471: 7462: 7458: 7451: 7435: 7431: 7424: 7408: 7404: 7394: 7392: 7379: 7378: 7374: 7365: 7361: 7351: 7349: 7347: 7331: 7327: 7304: 7300: 7293: 7277: 7273: 7266: 7252: 7248: 7243: 7239: 7230: 7228: 7226: 7200: 7191: 7157:10.2307/1948728 7137: 7133: 7118: 7104: 7100: 7085: 7071: 7064: 7056: 7052: 7045: 7031: 7027: 7020: 7004: 7000: 6990: 6988: 6984: 6973: 6967: 6963: 6956: 6940: 6936: 6931: 6927: 6922: 6918: 6913: 6909: 6902: 6886: 6882: 6835: 6831: 6822: 6818: 6809: 6805: 6795: 6793: 6780: 6779: 6775: 6752: 6748: 6741: 6725: 6721: 6708: 6706: 6695: 6691: 6681: 6679: 6663: 6659: 6643: 6639: 6629: 6627: 6612:Foreign Affairs 6604: 6600: 6588:Wayback Machine 6574: 6570: 6560: 6558: 6515: 6511: 6466: 6462: 6423: 6419: 6408: 6404: 6393: 6386: 6379: 6365: 6361: 6330: 6326: 6320: 6294: 6290: 6261: 6242: 6232: 6230: 6187: 6183: 6176: 6162: 6155: 6142: 6140: 6125: 6099: 6092: 6081: 6077: 6054: 6047: 6039:Yack, Bernard. 6038: 6034: 6027: 6003: 5999: 5989: 5987: 5959: 5950: 5943: 5929: 5925: 5918: 5902: 5895: 5888: 5872: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5825: 5777:National memory 5732: 5702:Albert Einstein 5629:Józef Piłsudski 5594:Islamic revival 5561: 5555: 5540: 5518: 5512: 5484: 5478: 5441: 5435: 5403: 5397: 5384: 5369: 5363: 5259:, ecologically 5249:tribal communes 5162:Peter Kropotkin 5154:Mikhail Bakunin 5145:Green Anarchist 5106: 5100: 4993: 4987: 4921: 4919:Pan-nationalism 4909:Main articles: 4907: 4892:heteronormative 4873:, which shares 4838:heteronormative 4804: 4798: 4778: 4772: 4737:common language 4729: 4723: 4714: 4708: 4621:United Irishmen 4584: 4578: 4467: 4453: 4447: 4395: 4389:modern world." 4340:Herbert Spencer 4311: 4252:Talcott Parsons 4216: 4177:, nations are " 4167:social contract 4142: 4118:Rodrigo Duterte 4055:2016 referendum 3964:Law and Justice 3886: 3884:Neo-nationalism 3880: 3817:Austria-Hungary 3794:Benjamin Barber 3771: 3760: 3759: 3758: 3753: 3742: 3736: 3733: 3722: 3710: 3695: 3684: 3678: 3675: 3660: 3648: 3644: 3607: 3603: 3596: 3590: 3540: 3474: 3466:Main articles: 3464: 3427:Ioannis Metaxas 3385:Northern Epirus 3349: 3343: 3280: 3274: 3269: 3237:. As more Jews 3235:no matter where 3229:split from the 3176: 3159:was initiated. 3115: 3099:Main articles: 3097: 3006:Polish language 2994:Congress Poland 2990:Duchy of Warsaw 2970: 2962:Main articles: 2960: 2938:in 1929, and a 2913:First World War 2909:Austria-Hungary 2893:Austria-Hungary 2830: 2818:Main articles: 2816: 2776: 2740:regenerationist 2704:Cortes of Cádiz 2604:Castilian Crown 2600:Crown of Aragon 2584: 2564:Communist Party 2508:Catholic Church 2492:Italo-Dalmatian 2447: 2437:Italian Fascism 2435:Main articles: 2433: 2280: 2274: 2262:Monroe Doctrine 2245: 2235: 2229: 2226: 2219:needs expansion 2204: 2192:Ivan Kireyevsky 2184:Russian culture 2140:national spirit 2074:Russian history 2062: 2056: 2028:Alsace-Lorraine 2007:Alsace-Lorraine 1995: 1985: 1979: 1918: 1912: 1815:of some of the 1718: 1673: 1668: 1662: 1597: 1569:cosmopolitanism 1419:self-governance 1396: 1358: 1353: 1352: 1283: 1282: 1273: 1272: 1230: 1229: 1220: 1219: 1188: 1187: 1178: 1177: 1173:Public interest 1158:Domestic policy 1148: 1141: 1140: 1129: 1128: 1093: 1086: 1085: 1074: 1073: 1035: 1028: 1021: 1014: 1006: 1005: 996: 995: 901: 900: 889: 888: 844: 843: 834: 803:Politics series 792: 752: 745: 744: 693: 586:Cosmopolitanism 546: 538: 537: 532: 524: 523: 204: 194: 193: 164: 156: 155: 71: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 17573: 17563: 17562: 17557: 17540: 17539: 17537: 17536: 17530: 17527: 17526: 17524: 17523: 17516: 17511: 17506: 17504:Social justice 17501: 17496: 17491: 17486: 17481: 17480: 17479: 17474: 17469: 17459: 17454: 17449: 17444: 17439: 17434: 17429: 17424: 17419: 17414: 17412:Egalitarianism 17409: 17404: 17402:Contractualism 17399: 17394: 17389: 17383: 17381: 17377: 17376: 17374: 17373: 17363: 17353: 17343: 17333: 17323: 17313: 17303: 17293: 17283: 17273: 17263: 17253: 17243: 17233: 17223: 17213: 17203: 17193: 17183: 17173: 17163: 17152: 17150: 17146: 17145: 17142: 17141: 17139: 17138: 17133: 17128: 17123: 17118: 17113: 17108: 17103: 17098: 17093: 17088: 17083: 17078: 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16403: 16398: 16393: 16388: 16383: 16378: 16373: 16368: 16363: 16358: 16353: 16348: 16343: 16338: 16332: 16330: 16326: 16325: 16323: 16322: 16317: 16312: 16307: 16302: 16297: 16296: 16295: 16285: 16280: 16275: 16270: 16265: 16260: 16255: 16250: 16244: 16242: 16235: 16229: 16228: 16226: 16225: 16220: 16215: 16210: 16205: 16200: 16198:Overton window 16195: 16190: 16185: 16180: 16171: 16166: 16161: 16156: 16151: 16146: 16141: 16136: 16131: 16126: 16121: 16116: 16107: 16101: 16099: 16095: 16094: 16092: 16091: 16086: 16081: 16076: 16071: 16066: 16061: 16056: 16051: 16046: 16041: 16036: 16031: 16029:Libertarianism 16026: 16021: 16016: 16011: 16006: 16001: 15996: 15991: 15986: 15981: 15976: 15971: 15966: 15961: 15956: 15951: 15946: 15941: 15935: 15933: 15929: 15928: 15926: 15925: 15920: 15915: 15910: 15905: 15900: 15895: 15890: 15885: 15880: 15875: 15870: 15864: 15862: 15858: 15857: 15855: 15854: 15849: 15844: 15839: 15834: 15829: 15824: 15819: 15814: 15809: 15804: 15799: 15794: 15789: 15784: 15779: 15774: 15769: 15764: 15759: 15754: 15749: 15744: 15739: 15734: 15729: 15724: 15719: 15714: 15709: 15704: 15699: 15693: 15691: 15687: 15686: 15679: 15678: 15671: 15664: 15656: 15647: 15646: 15644: 15643: 15638: 15633: 15628: 15623: 15618: 15613: 15608: 15603: 15598: 15593: 15588: 15583: 15578: 15573: 15568: 15563: 15558: 15553: 15548: 15547: 15546: 15541: 15536: 15526: 15521: 15516: 15515: 15514: 15503: 15501: 15497: 15496: 15494: 15493: 15488: 15483: 15478: 15473: 15472: 15471: 15466: 15456: 15451: 15450: 15449: 15439: 15434: 15429: 15427:Libertarianism 15424: 15419: 15414: 15409: 15404: 15402:Fundamentalism 15399: 15394: 15393: 15392: 15390:Third Position 15387: 15377: 15372: 15367: 15366: 15365: 15355: 15350: 15345: 15340: 15335: 15330: 15325: 15320: 15315: 15310: 15305: 15300: 15294: 15291: 15290: 15288: 15287: 15282: 15277: 15272: 15271: 15270: 15265: 15260: 15255: 15250: 15245: 15240: 15230: 15225: 15220: 15219: 15218: 15207: 15204: 15203: 15196: 15195: 15188: 15181: 15173: 15164: 15163: 15161: 15160: 15158:State-building 15155: 15150: 15138: 15133: 15131:Natural border 15128: 15123: 15118: 15113: 15108: 15103: 15098: 15093: 15088: 15083: 15078: 15073: 15068: 15066:Exceptionalism 15063: 15061:Eliminationism 15058: 15053: 15048: 15043: 15038: 15033: 15027: 15025: 15021: 15020: 15018: 15017: 15012: 15006: 15004: 15000: 14999: 14997: 14996: 14991: 14986: 14981: 14976: 14971: 14966: 14965: 14964: 14963: 14962: 14952: 14951: 14950: 14940: 14930: 14925: 14924: 14923: 14922: 14921: 14911: 14906: 14905: 14904: 14899: 14894: 14879: 14878: 14877: 14872: 14867: 14862: 14857: 14852: 14842: 14837: 14832: 14827: 14822: 14817: 14812: 14807: 14806: 14805: 14795: 14790: 14785: 14784: 14783: 14773: 14768: 14763: 14758: 14753: 14748: 14743: 14738: 14733: 14732: 14731: 14726: 14721: 14711: 14710: 14709: 14699: 14694: 14689: 14684: 14678: 14676: 14672: 14671: 14669: 14668: 14663: 14658: 14653: 14648: 14643: 14638: 14633: 14628: 14623: 14618: 14613: 14608: 14602: 14600: 14596: 14595: 14588: 14587: 14580: 14573: 14565: 14559: 14558: 14546: 14518: 14490: 14472: 14457: 14456:External links 14454: 14452: 14451: 14423: 14406:978-0875692050 14405: 14393:, ed. (1999). 14387: 14382:978-0199662975 14381: 14363: 14358:978-1135999483 14357: 14339: 14334:978-0745651279 14333: 14315: 14309: 14291: 14286:978-0745610191 14285: 14265: 14260:978-0521232678 14259: 14241: 14236:978-0230577329 14235: 14219: 14181: 14156: 14144: 14139:978-0745653396 14138: 14122: 14117:978-1403987860 14116: 14100: 14075:978-1412965804 14074: 14058:Cato Institute 14046:Hamowy, Ronald 14037: 14020: 14003: 13996: 13991:978-0691070292 13990: 13977: 13970: 13963: 13958:978-0674603189 13957: 13941: 13934: 13927: 13922:978-0333962657 13921: 13908: 13903:978-0521572248 13902: 13886: 13879: 13874:978-0226074146 13873: 13860: 13852: 13850: 13847: 13846: 13845: 13840:978-1557781673 13839: 13819: 13794: 13768: 13742: 13737:978-0122272301 13736: 13726:, ed. (2001). 13720: 13715:978-0198280477 13714: 13705:On Nationality 13696: 13691:978-0765800022 13690: 13675: 13670:978-0198279495 13669: 13655:Kymlicka, Will 13651: 13642: 13616: 13611:978-0761950721 13610: 13590: 13581: 13576:978-0521439619 13575: 13559: 13552: 13547:978-1412901017 13546: 13532:Kumar, Krishan 13527: 13522:978-0803975255 13521: 13503: 13498:978-0860910596 13497: 13475: 13474: 13469: 13463: 13462: 13451: 13450: 13448: 13445: 13442: 13441: 13426: 13408: 13393: 13375: 13347: 13305: 13271: 13259: 13250: 13231:(1): 129–149. 13215: 13181: 13147: 13133: 13127:978-0333770955 13126: 13108: 13102:978-0297607588 13101: 13083: 13077:978-0333760918 13076: 13058: 13017: 13000:Cambridge Core 12987: 12964: 12948: 12935: 12922: 12916:Alan Bairner, 12909: 12896: 12883: 12870: 12857: 12845: 12841:978-0817973926 12821: 12804: 12768: 12734: 12728:978-3640704453 12727: 12707: 12670: 12664:978-0333599235 12663: 12642: 12636:978-0814731550 12635: 12609: 12580:Griffin, Roger 12566: 12539:Sanchez, Casey 12515: 12493:The Public Eye 12465: 12434:(3): 301–326. 12403: 12401:(2 vol. 2000). 12390: 12378:, 41#4 (2008) 12367: 12336:(2): 239–255. 12316: 12303: 12287: 12281:978-1134695416 12280: 12260: 12217: 12190:(1): 121–152. 12171: 12165:978-0394740676 12164: 12146: 12111: 12096: 12090:978-0814751459 12089: 12063: 12019: 12008:(2): 167–179. 11981: 11963:978-0691022628 11962: 11942: 11929: 11916: 11907: 11881: 11868: 11833: 11810:(3): 231–250. 11764:(3): 495–509. 11743: 11731: 11701: 11689: 11677: 11658: 11646: 11644:, p. 200. 11634: 11614: 11608:978-0631210504 11607: 11586: 11572:978-0520917538 11571: 11553: 11546: 11528: 11519:978-8187712268 11518: 11500: 11480:Grant, Moyra. 11472: 11457: 11439: 11424: 11406: 11399: 11381: 11374: 11356: 11337:(2): 193–211. 11321: 11294:(3): 255–274. 11278: 11272:978-1412804769 11271: 11253: 11232:10.1086/217296 11226:(6): 723–737. 11210: 11179: 11166:10.2307/590606 11144: 11127: 11103: 11101:(2000) p. 174. 11090: 11088:, p. 272. 11075: 11073:, p. 271. 11063: 11061:, p. 268. 11051: 11039: 11037:, p. 273. 11027: 11021:978-0199586967 11020: 11000: 10957: 10942: 10940:, p. 510. 10921: 10904: 10898:978-0198297420 10897: 10877: 10859:978-1107037090 10858: 10838: 10795: 10768:(4): 117–139. 10749: 10710: 10692: 10677: 10646: 10616: 10590: 10573:New York Times 10559: 10528: 10501: 10469: 10463:978-1783524549 10462: 10442: 10411: 10385: 10363:Deutsche Welle 10349: 10314: 10279: 10268: 10248: 10238: 10232:. p. 69. 10214: 10204: 10180: 10150: 10120: 10089: 10050: 10020: 9990: 9958: 9926: 9894: 9877:Foreign Policy 9863: 9836: 9800: 9774: 9744: 9722: 9703: 9674:(2): 203–209. 9654: 9635:(3): 399–423. 9619: 9584: 9536: 9496: 9478: 9452: 9439: 9426: 9413: 9400: 9387: 9374: 9372:(1996) p. 271. 9358: 9345: 9332: 9319: 9272: 9257: 9251:978-0191587719 9250: 9230: 9203:(2): 381–393. 9187: 9181:978-0415919746 9180: 9160: 9147: 9134: 9121: 9108: 9102:978-0801453717 9101: 9081: 9074: 9054: 9036:978-1118337837 9035: 9015: 9009:978-0299809263 9008: 8984: 8965:(5): 719–752. 8946: 8877: 8875:, p. 719. 8865: 8853: 8851:, p. 720. 8841: 8826: 8789: 8744: 8697: 8685: 8654: 8647: 8625: 8618: 8596: 8581: 8555: 8548: 8526: 8519: 8497: 8490: 8468: 8455:Antoni Simon, 8448: 8441: 8419: 8413:978-0191584077 8412: 8392: 8388:978-1134780884 8371: 8358: 8325: 8292: 8271:"Aryan people" 8262: 8231: 8216: 8203: 8200:online edition 8187: 8174: 8161: 8148: 8135: 8133:(2nd ed. 1986) 8122: 8092: 8062: 8051:(2): 201–221. 8035: 8022: 8007: 7994: 7988:978-1315508207 7987: 7964: 7951: 7945:978-0230582347 7944: 7924: 7909: 7896: 7875:10.1086/237315 7853: 7818: 7800:978-1119968702 7799: 7779: 7775:978-8763507936 7762: 7743:Öhberg, Tony. 7735: 7718:Valtioneuvosto 7705: 7675: 7645: 7624:"Wells, H.G., 7615: 7609:978-1412837293 7608: 7584: 7572: 7568:978-0199205165 7547: 7541:978-0415063418 7540: 7517: 7511:978-0312682477 7510: 7490: 7487:. p. 897. 7469: 7456: 7450:978-0312176990 7449: 7429: 7422: 7402: 7372: 7359: 7346:978-1403943880 7345: 7325: 7298: 7292:978-9712314728 7291: 7271: 7264: 7246: 7237: 7224: 7189: 7131: 7117:978-0807872000 7116: 7098: 7084:978-0691134673 7083: 7062: 7050: 7043: 7025: 7019:978-0199265619 7018: 6998: 6961: 6955:978-1412829359 6954: 6934: 6925: 6916: 6907: 6901:978-0226877921 6900: 6880: 6851:10.1086/210435 6829: 6823:Glenda Sluga, 6816: 6803: 6773: 6762:(2): 147–166. 6746: 6740:978-1107007857 6739: 6719: 6689: 6657: 6645:Smith, Anthony 6637: 6598: 6577:DiMaggio, Paul 6568: 6535:10.1086/717103 6529:(2): 492–561. 6509: 6480:(2): 117–150. 6460: 6417: 6402: 6384: 6378:978-0745651286 6377: 6359: 6324: 6318: 6288: 6275:(1): 109–132. 6240: 6201:(2): 327–347. 6181: 6174: 6153: 6123: 6090: 6075: 6064:(4): 593–612. 6045: 6032: 6026:978-1317804338 6025: 5997: 5961:Smith, Anthony 5948: 5941: 5923: 5917:978-0801475009 5916: 5893: 5887:978-0198297420 5886: 5862: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5853: 5848: 5839:, an essay by 5832: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5716:Transhumanists 5671:Charles Taylor 5663:Michael Walzer 5625:Vladimir Lenin 5621:Rosa Luxemburg 5577:A. C. Grayling 5554: 5551: 5543:Harris Mylonas 5539: 5536: 5523:British Empire 5514:Main article: 5511: 5508: 5480:Main article: 5477: 5474: 5437:Main article: 5434: 5431: 5399:Main article: 5396: 5393: 5362: 5359: 5323:who promote a 5276:Troy Southgate 5158:William Godwin 5114:Troy Southgate 5110:National Front 5102:Main article: 5099: 5096: 4989:Main article: 4986: 4983: 4906: 4903: 4851:intersectional 4800:Main article: 4797: 4794: 4771: 4768: 4722: 4719: 4710:Main article: 4707: 4704: 4695:Stepan Bandera 4636:liberal values 4580:Main article: 4577: 4574: 4518:Mahatma Gandhi 4491:decolonization 4466: 4463: 4446: 4443: 4435:conglomeration 4413:Vladimir Lenin 4394: 4391: 4344:Walter Bagehot 4332:Charles Darwin 4310: 4307: 4291:Émile Durkheim 4240:Émile Durkheim 4215: 4212: 4199:state capacity 4194:Jeffrey Herbst 4186:state-building 4141: 4138: 4080:Jair Bolsonaro 4059:European Union 3974:party (led by 3956:Vladimir Putin 3910:National Front 3882:Main article: 3879: 3876: 3821:Ottoman Empire 3773: 3772: 3755: 3754: 3713: 3711: 3704: 3697: 3696: 3651: 3649: 3642: 3637: 3611: 3610: 3608: 3601: 3592:Main article: 3589: 3586: 3547:Ottoman Empire 3539: 3536: 3532:Nelson Mandela 3481:Kenneth Kaunda 3463: 3460: 3432:Ancient Greece 3345:Main article: 3342: 3339: 3314:Patricia Ebrey 3276:Main article: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3200:Labour Zionism 3196:Land of Israel 3175: 3172: 3131:, who opposed 3096: 3093: 2959: 2956: 2954:in the 1990s. 2952:broke up again 2865:. It achieved 2851:Ottoman Empire 2815: 2812: 2796:Ottoman Empire 2775: 2772: 2662:, when in the 2583: 2580: 2553:Italian Empire 2518:and firing up 2487:middle classes 2432: 2429: 2407:Baltic nations 2403:Eastern Europe 2276:Main article: 2273: 2270: 2241:Main article: 2237: 2236: 2216: 2214: 2203: 2200: 2148:Western Europe 2144: 2143: 2129: 2126:social estates 2120:in return for 2111: 2097:Russian Empire 2058:Main article: 2055: 2052: 2047:Dreyfus Affair 2015:levée en masse 2001:A painting by 1981:Main article: 1978: 1975: 1914:Main article: 1911: 1908: 1853:John Arbuthnot 1717: 1714: 1672: 1669: 1661: 1658: 1596: 1593: 1561: 1560: 1553:Ethnosymbolism 1550: 1535:constructivist 1528: 1398: 1397: 1395: 1394: 1387: 1380: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1355: 1354: 1351: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1329: 1328: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1301: 1300: 1290: 1284: 1280: 1279: 1278: 1275: 1274: 1271: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1237: 1231: 1228:Related topics 1227: 1226: 1225: 1222: 1221: 1218: 1217: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1196: 1195: 1189: 1185: 1184: 1183: 1180: 1179: 1176: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1163:Foreign policy 1160: 1155: 1142: 1136: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1127: 1126: 1125: 1124: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1087: 1081: 1080: 1079: 1076: 1075: 1072: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1059:Policy studies 1056: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1024: 1022: 1010: 1007: 1003: 1002: 1001: 998: 997: 994: 993: 988: 983: 978: 973: 968: 963: 958: 953: 948: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 918: 913: 908: 902: 896: 895: 894: 891: 890: 887: 886: 881: 876: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 845: 842:Primary topics 841: 840: 839: 836: 835: 833: 832: 827: 822: 816: 813: 812: 806: 805: 794: 793: 791: 790: 783: 776: 768: 765: 764: 763: 762: 747: 746: 743: 742: 737: 732: 731: 730: 728:in Catholicism 720: 715: 710: 705: 700: 688: 683: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 648: 643: 638: 633: 628: 623: 618: 613: 608: 603: 598: 593: 588: 583: 578: 576:Civil religion 573: 568: 563: 558: 553: 547: 544: 543: 540: 539: 533: 530: 529: 526: 525: 522: 521: 516: 511: 506: 501: 496: 495: 494: 489: 488: 487: 482: 477: 467: 462: 452: 447: 446: 445: 440: 435: 434: 433: 423: 422: 421: 416: 401: 400: 399: 394: 389: 384: 383: 382: 372: 367: 357: 352: 347: 342: 337: 327: 322: 317: 312: 307: 302: 301: 300: 298:Ethnopluralism 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 265: 260: 259: 258: 253: 248: 238: 237: 236: 226: 221: 216: 211: 205: 200: 199: 196: 195: 192: 191: 186: 181: 176: 171: 165: 162: 161: 158: 157: 154: 153: 148: 143: 138: 133: 128: 123: 118: 113: 108: 103: 98: 93: 88: 83: 78: 72: 66: 65: 62: 61: 55: 54: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 17572: 17561: 17558: 17556: 17553: 17552: 17550: 17535: 17532: 17531: 17528: 17522: 17521: 17517: 17515: 17512: 17510: 17507: 17505: 17502: 17500: 17497: 17495: 17492: 17490: 17487: 17485: 17482: 17478: 17475: 17473: 17470: 17468: 17465: 17464: 17463: 17460: 17458: 17455: 17453: 17450: 17448: 17445: 17443: 17440: 17438: 17437:Jurisprudence 17435: 17433: 17430: 17428: 17425: 17423: 17420: 17418: 17415: 17413: 17410: 17408: 17405: 17403: 17400: 17398: 17395: 17393: 17390: 17388: 17385: 17384: 17382: 17378: 17369: 17368: 17364: 17359: 17358: 17354: 17349: 17348: 17344: 17339: 17338: 17334: 17329: 17328: 17324: 17319: 17318: 17314: 17309: 17308: 17304: 17299: 17298: 17294: 17289: 17288: 17284: 17279: 17278: 17274: 17269: 17268: 17267:Rights of Man 17264: 17259: 17258: 17254: 17249: 17248: 17244: 17239: 17238: 17234: 17229: 17228: 17224: 17219: 17218: 17214: 17209: 17208: 17204: 17199: 17198: 17194: 17189: 17188: 17184: 17179: 17178: 17177:De re publica 17174: 17169: 17168: 17164: 17159: 17158: 17154: 17153: 17151: 17147: 17137: 17134: 17132: 17129: 17127: 17124: 17122: 17119: 17117: 17114: 17112: 17109: 17107: 17104: 17102: 17099: 17097: 17094: 17092: 17089: 17087: 17084: 17082: 17079: 17077: 17074: 17072: 17069: 17067: 17064: 17062: 17059: 17057: 17054: 17052: 17049: 17047: 17044: 17042: 17039: 17037: 17034: 17032: 17029: 17027: 17024: 17022: 17019: 17017: 17014: 17012: 17009: 17007: 17004: 17002: 16999: 16997: 16994: 16992: 16989: 16987: 16984: 16982: 16979: 16977: 16974: 16972: 16969: 16967: 16964: 16962: 16959: 16957: 16954: 16952: 16949: 16947: 16944: 16942: 16939: 16937: 16934: 16932: 16929: 16927: 16924: 16922: 16919: 16917: 16914: 16912: 16909: 16907: 16904: 16902: 16899: 16897: 16894: 16892: 16889: 16887: 16884: 16882: 16879: 16877: 16874: 16872: 16869: 16867: 16864: 16862: 16859: 16857: 16854: 16852: 16849: 16847: 16844: 16842: 16839: 16837: 16834: 16832: 16829: 16827: 16824: 16822: 16819: 16817: 16814: 16812: 16809: 16807: 16804: 16803: 16801: 16797:20th and 21st 16795: 16789: 16786: 16784: 16781: 16779: 16776: 16774: 16771: 16769: 16766: 16764: 16761: 16759: 16756: 16754: 16751: 16749: 16746: 16744: 16741: 16739: 16736: 16734: 16731: 16729: 16726: 16724: 16721: 16719: 16716: 16714: 16711: 16709: 16706: 16704: 16701: 16699: 16696: 16694: 16691: 16689: 16686: 16684: 16681: 16679: 16676: 16674: 16671: 16667: 16664: 16663: 16662: 16659: 16657: 16654: 16650: 16647: 16646: 16645: 16642: 16640: 16637: 16635: 16632: 16630: 16627: 16625: 16622: 16620: 16617: 16615: 16612: 16610: 16607: 16605: 16602: 16600: 16597: 16595: 16592: 16590: 16587: 16585: 16582: 16580: 16577: 16575: 16572: 16570: 16567: 16565: 16562: 16560: 16557: 16555: 16552: 16550: 16547: 16545: 16542: 16540: 16537: 16536: 16534: 16530:18th and 19th 16528: 16522: 16519: 16517: 16514: 16512: 16509: 16507: 16504: 16502: 16499: 16497: 16494: 16492: 16489: 16487: 16484: 16482: 16479: 16477: 16474: 16472: 16469: 16465: 16462: 16461: 16460: 16457: 16455: 16452: 16450: 16447: 16445: 16442: 16440: 16437: 16435: 16432: 16430: 16427: 16425: 16422: 16420: 16417: 16416: 16414: 16408: 16402: 16399: 16397: 16394: 16392: 16389: 16387: 16386:Nizam al-Mulk 16384: 16382: 16379: 16377: 16374: 16372: 16369: 16367: 16364: 16362: 16359: 16357: 16354: 16352: 16349: 16347: 16344: 16342: 16339: 16337: 16334: 16333: 16331: 16327: 16321: 16318: 16316: 16313: 16311: 16308: 16306: 16303: 16301: 16298: 16294: 16291: 16290: 16289: 16286: 16284: 16281: 16279: 16276: 16274: 16271: 16269: 16266: 16264: 16261: 16259: 16256: 16254: 16251: 16249: 16246: 16245: 16243: 16239: 16236: 16234: 16230: 16224: 16221: 16219: 16216: 16214: 16211: 16209: 16206: 16204: 16201: 16199: 16196: 16194: 16191: 16189: 16186: 16184: 16181: 16178: 16177: 16172: 16170: 16167: 16165: 16162: 16160: 16157: 16155: 16152: 16150: 16147: 16145: 16142: 16140: 16137: 16135: 16132: 16130: 16127: 16125: 16122: 16120: 16117: 16114: 16113: 16108: 16106: 16103: 16102: 16100: 16096: 16090: 16087: 16085: 16082: 16080: 16077: 16075: 16072: 16070: 16069:Republicanism 16067: 16065: 16062: 16060: 16057: 16055: 16052: 16050: 16047: 16045: 16042: 16040: 16037: 16035: 16032: 16030: 16027: 16025: 16022: 16020: 16017: 16015: 16012: 16010: 16007: 16005: 16002: 16000: 15997: 15995: 15992: 15990: 15987: 15985: 15982: 15980: 15977: 15975: 15972: 15970: 15967: 15965: 15962: 15960: 15957: 15955: 15952: 15950: 15947: 15945: 15942: 15940: 15937: 15936: 15934: 15930: 15924: 15921: 15919: 15916: 15914: 15911: 15909: 15906: 15904: 15901: 15899: 15896: 15894: 15891: 15889: 15886: 15884: 15881: 15879: 15876: 15874: 15871: 15869: 15866: 15865: 15863: 15859: 15853: 15850: 15848: 15845: 15843: 15840: 15838: 15835: 15833: 15830: 15828: 15825: 15823: 15820: 15818: 15815: 15813: 15810: 15808: 15805: 15803: 15800: 15798: 15795: 15793: 15790: 15788: 15785: 15783: 15780: 15778: 15775: 15773: 15770: 15768: 15765: 15763: 15760: 15758: 15755: 15753: 15750: 15748: 15745: 15743: 15740: 15738: 15735: 15733: 15730: 15728: 15725: 15723: 15720: 15718: 15715: 15713: 15710: 15708: 15705: 15703: 15700: 15698: 15695: 15694: 15692: 15688: 15684: 15677: 15672: 15670: 15665: 15663: 15658: 15657: 15654: 15642: 15639: 15637: 15634: 15632: 15629: 15627: 15624: 15622: 15619: 15617: 15614: 15612: 15611:Progressivism 15609: 15607: 15604: 15602: 15599: 15597: 15594: 15592: 15589: 15587: 15584: 15582: 15579: 15577: 15574: 15572: 15571:Individualism 15569: 15567: 15564: 15562: 15559: 15557: 15554: 15552: 15549: 15545: 15542: 15540: 15537: 15535: 15532: 15531: 15530: 15527: 15525: 15522: 15520: 15517: 15513: 15510: 15509: 15508: 15505: 15504: 15502: 15498: 15492: 15489: 15487: 15484: 15482: 15479: 15477: 15474: 15470: 15467: 15465: 15462: 15461: 15460: 15459:Republicanism 15457: 15455: 15452: 15448: 15445: 15444: 15443: 15440: 15438: 15435: 15433: 15430: 15428: 15425: 15423: 15420: 15418: 15415: 15413: 15410: 15408: 15405: 15403: 15400: 15398: 15395: 15391: 15388: 15386: 15383: 15382: 15381: 15378: 15376: 15373: 15371: 15368: 15364: 15363:Social credit 15361: 15360: 15359: 15356: 15354: 15351: 15349: 15346: 15344: 15341: 15339: 15336: 15334: 15331: 15329: 15326: 15324: 15321: 15319: 15316: 15314: 15311: 15309: 15306: 15304: 15301: 15299: 15296: 15295: 15292: 15286: 15285:Revolutionary 15283: 15281: 15278: 15276: 15273: 15269: 15266: 15264: 15261: 15259: 15256: 15254: 15251: 15249: 15246: 15244: 15241: 15239: 15236: 15235: 15234: 15231: 15229: 15226: 15224: 15221: 15217: 15214: 15213: 15212: 15209: 15208: 15205: 15201: 15194: 15189: 15187: 15182: 15180: 15175: 15174: 15171: 15159: 15156: 15154: 15151: 15147: 15142: 15139: 15137: 15134: 15132: 15129: 15127: 15124: 15122: 15119: 15117: 15114: 15112: 15109: 15107: 15104: 15102: 15099: 15097: 15094: 15092: 15089: 15087: 15084: 15082: 15079: 15077: 15074: 15072: 15069: 15067: 15064: 15062: 15059: 15057: 15054: 15052: 15049: 15047: 15044: 15042: 15039: 15037: 15034: 15032: 15029: 15028: 15026: 15022: 15016: 15013: 15011: 15008: 15007: 15005: 15003:Organizations 15001: 14995: 14992: 14990: 14987: 14985: 14982: 14980: 14977: 14975: 14974:Technological 14972: 14970: 14967: 14961: 14958: 14957: 14956: 14953: 14949: 14946: 14945: 14944: 14941: 14939: 14938:Ethnocacerism 14936: 14935: 14934: 14933:Revolutionary 14931: 14929: 14926: 14920: 14917: 14916: 14915: 14912: 14910: 14907: 14903: 14900: 14898: 14895: 14893: 14890: 14889: 14888: 14885: 14884: 14883: 14880: 14876: 14873: 14871: 14868: 14866: 14863: 14861: 14858: 14856: 14853: 14851: 14848: 14847: 14846: 14843: 14841: 14838: 14836: 14833: 14831: 14828: 14826: 14823: 14821: 14818: 14816: 14813: 14811: 14808: 14804: 14801: 14800: 14799: 14796: 14794: 14791: 14789: 14786: 14782: 14779: 14778: 14777: 14774: 14772: 14769: 14767: 14764: 14762: 14759: 14757: 14754: 14752: 14749: 14747: 14744: 14742: 14739: 14737: 14734: 14730: 14727: 14725: 14722: 14720: 14717: 14716: 14715: 14712: 14708: 14705: 14704: 14703: 14700: 14698: 14695: 14693: 14690: 14688: 14685: 14683: 14680: 14679: 14677: 14673: 14667: 14664: 14662: 14659: 14657: 14654: 14652: 14649: 14647: 14644: 14642: 14639: 14637: 14634: 14632: 14629: 14627: 14624: 14622: 14619: 14617: 14614: 14612: 14609: 14607: 14604: 14603: 14601: 14597: 14593: 14586: 14581: 14579: 14574: 14572: 14567: 14566: 14563: 14557: 14553: 14550: 14547: 14535: 14531: 14527: 14523: 14519: 14507: 14503: 14499: 14495: 14494:"Nationalism" 14491: 14489: 14488: 14483: 14479: 14476: 14473: 14470: 14466: 14463: 14460: 14459: 14440: 14436: 14432: 14428: 14424: 14412: 14408: 14402: 14398: 14397: 14392: 14391:Spira, Thomas 14388: 14384: 14378: 14374: 14373: 14368: 14364: 14360: 14354: 14350: 14349: 14344: 14340: 14336: 14330: 14326: 14325: 14320: 14316: 14312: 14306: 14302: 14301: 14296: 14292: 14288: 14282: 14277: 14276: 14270: 14266: 14262: 14256: 14252: 14251: 14246: 14242: 14238: 14232: 14228: 14224: 14220: 14208: 14204: 14200: 14196: 14192: 14191: 14186: 14182: 14170: 14166: 14162: 14161:"Nationalism" 14157: 14153: 14149: 14145: 14141: 14135: 14131: 14127: 14123: 14119: 14113: 14109: 14105: 14101: 14089: 14085: 14081: 14077: 14071: 14067: 14063: 14059: 14055: 14051: 14047: 14043: 14042:"Nationalism" 14038: 14036: 14032: 14029: 14025: 14021: 14019: 14015: 14012: 14008: 14004: 14001: 13997: 13993: 13987: 13983: 13978: 13975: 13971: 13968: 13964: 13960: 13954: 13950: 13946: 13942: 13939: 13935: 13932: 13928: 13924: 13918: 13914: 13909: 13905: 13899: 13895: 13891: 13887: 13884: 13880: 13876: 13870: 13866: 13861: 13858: 13854: 13853: 13842: 13836: 13831: 13830: 13824: 13820: 13818:(1): 109–132. 13817: 13813: 13809: 13805: 13802: 13798: 13795: 13783: 13779: 13775: 13771: 13769:9781108973298 13765: 13761: 13757: 13753: 13752: 13747: 13743: 13739: 13733: 13729: 13725: 13721: 13717: 13711: 13707: 13706: 13701: 13700:Miller, David 13697: 13693: 13687: 13683: 13682: 13676: 13672: 13666: 13662: 13661: 13656: 13652: 13649: 13648: 13643: 13631: 13627: 13626: 13621: 13617: 13613: 13607: 13602: 13601: 13595: 13591: 13587: 13582: 13578: 13572: 13568: 13564: 13560: 13557: 13553: 13549: 13543: 13539: 13538: 13533: 13528: 13524: 13518: 13514: 13513: 13508: 13504: 13500: 13494: 13490: 13489: 13484: 13480: 13479: 13473: 13470: 13468: 13465: 13464: 13459: 13454: 13437: 13433: 13429: 13423: 13419: 13412: 13404: 13400: 13396: 13394:0-381-98243-2 13390: 13386: 13379: 13363: 13359: 13358: 13351: 13332: 13328: 13327: 13319: 13315: 13309: 13293: 13289: 13285: 13281: 13275: 13268: 13263: 13254: 13246: 13242: 13238: 13234: 13230: 13226: 13219: 13212: 13208: 13205: 13201: 13197: 13194: 13188: 13186: 13169: 13165: 13161: 13157: 13151: 13144: 13143: 13137: 13129: 13123: 13119: 13112: 13104: 13098: 13094: 13087: 13079: 13073: 13069: 13062: 13054: 13050: 13045: 13040: 13036: 13032: 13028: 13021: 13005: 13001: 12997: 12991: 12985: 12981: 12978: 12974: 12968: 12961: 12957: 12956:Harold Perkin 12952: 12945: 12942:P. McDevitt, 12939: 12932: 12926: 12919: 12913: 12906: 12900: 12893: 12887: 12880: 12874: 12867: 12861: 12855:, p. 62. 12854: 12849: 12842: 12838: 12834: 12830: 12825: 12818: 12814: 12808: 12792: 12788: 12787: 12782: 12775: 12773: 12756: 12752: 12748: 12741: 12739: 12730: 12724: 12720: 12719: 12711: 12695: 12691: 12687: 12686: 12681: 12674: 12666: 12660: 12656: 12649: 12647: 12638: 12632: 12628: 12627: 12622: 12616: 12614: 12605: 12601: 12597: 12593: 12589: 12585: 12581: 12575: 12573: 12571: 12554: 12550: 12549: 12544: 12540: 12534: 12532: 12530: 12528: 12526: 12524: 12522: 12520: 12503: 12499: 12495: 12494: 12489: 12482: 12480: 12478: 12476: 12474: 12472: 12470: 12453: 12449: 12445: 12441: 12437: 12433: 12429: 12425: 12418: 12416: 12414: 12412: 12410: 12408: 12400: 12394: 12388: 12384: 12381: 12377: 12371: 12355: 12351: 12347: 12343: 12339: 12335: 12331: 12327: 12320: 12313: 12307: 12301: 12297: 12296:Carlton Hayes 12291: 12283: 12277: 12274:. Routledge. 12273: 12272: 12264: 12256: 12252: 12248: 12244: 12240: 12236: 12232: 12228: 12221: 12213: 12209: 12205: 12201: 12197: 12193: 12189: 12185: 12178: 12176: 12167: 12161: 12157: 12150: 12142: 12138: 12134: 12130: 12126: 12122: 12115: 12107: 12100: 12092: 12086: 12082: 12078: 12074: 12067: 12051: 12047: 12043: 12039: 12032: 12030: 12028: 12026: 12024: 12015: 12011: 12007: 12003: 11996: 11994: 11992: 11990: 11988: 11986: 11969: 11965: 11959: 11955: 11954: 11946: 11940:(1998) p. 58. 11939: 11933: 11927:(1998) p. 56. 11926: 11920: 11911: 11895: 11891: 11885: 11878: 11872: 11864: 11860: 11856: 11852: 11848: 11844: 11837: 11821: 11817: 11813: 11809: 11805: 11804: 11799: 11783: 11779: 11775: 11771: 11767: 11763: 11759: 11755: 11747: 11741:, p. 136 11740: 11735: 11727: 11723: 11719: 11715: 11714: 11705: 11699:, p. 34. 11698: 11697:Kymlicka 1995 11693: 11687: 11681: 11675: 11671: 11668: 11662: 11655: 11650: 11643: 11642:Kymlicka 1995 11638: 11632: 11628: 11624: 11618: 11610: 11604: 11600: 11593: 11591: 11582: 11578: 11574: 11568: 11564: 11557: 11549: 11547:9788170249825 11543: 11539: 11532: 11525: 11521: 11515: 11511: 11504: 11484: 11476: 11468: 11464: 11460: 11454: 11450: 11443: 11435: 11431: 11427: 11421: 11417: 11410: 11402: 11400:9781139519076 11396: 11392: 11385: 11377: 11375:9781107640757 11371: 11367: 11360: 11352: 11348: 11344: 11340: 11336: 11332: 11325: 11317: 11313: 11309: 11305: 11301: 11297: 11293: 11289: 11282: 11274: 11268: 11264: 11257: 11249: 11245: 11241: 11237: 11233: 11229: 11225: 11221: 11214: 11198: 11194: 11190: 11183: 11175: 11171: 11167: 11163: 11159: 11155: 11148: 11140: 11139: 11131: 11123: 11119: 11118: 11113: 11107: 11100: 11094: 11087: 11082: 11080: 11072: 11067: 11060: 11055: 11048: 11043: 11036: 11031: 11023: 11017: 11013: 11012: 11004: 10996: 10992: 10988: 10984: 10980: 10976: 10972: 10968: 10961: 10954: 10949: 10947: 10939: 10934: 10932: 10930: 10928: 10926: 10918: 10913: 10911: 10909: 10900: 10894: 10890: 10889: 10881: 10865: 10861: 10855: 10851: 10850: 10842: 10834: 10830: 10826: 10822: 10818: 10814: 10811:(2): 80–124. 10810: 10806: 10799: 10791: 10787: 10783: 10779: 10775: 10771: 10767: 10763: 10756: 10754: 10737: 10733: 10729: 10725: 10721: 10714: 10706: 10699: 10697: 10688: 10681: 10665: 10661: 10657: 10650: 10634: 10630: 10626: 10620: 10604: 10600: 10594: 10578: 10574: 10570: 10563: 10547: 10543: 10539: 10532: 10516: 10512: 10505: 10489: 10485: 10484: 10479: 10473: 10465: 10459: 10455: 10454: 10446: 10430: 10426: 10422: 10415: 10408: 10404: 10400: 10397: 10392: 10390: 10382: 10369: 10365: 10364: 10359: 10353: 10346: 10334: 10330: 10329: 10324: 10318: 10311: 10299: 10295: 10294: 10289: 10283: 10276: 10271: 10269:9781609456429 10265: 10261: 10260: 10252: 10245: 10241: 10239:9781135172787 10235: 10231: 10227: 10226: 10218: 10211: 10207: 10205:9781108724746 10201: 10197: 10193: 10192: 10184: 10168: 10164: 10160: 10154: 10138: 10134: 10130: 10124: 10108: 10104: 10100: 10093: 10077: 10073: 10069: 10065: 10061: 10054: 10038: 10034: 10030: 10024: 10008: 10004: 10000: 9994: 9978: 9974: 9973: 9968: 9962: 9946: 9942: 9941: 9936: 9930: 9914: 9910: 9909: 9908:The Economist 9904: 9898: 9882: 9878: 9874: 9867: 9851: 9847: 9840: 9832: 9828: 9824: 9820: 9816: 9812: 9804: 9797: 9796: 9791: 9787: 9784: 9778: 9762: 9758: 9754: 9748: 9740: 9736: 9729: 9727: 9718: 9714: 9707: 9699: 9695: 9690: 9685: 9681: 9677: 9673: 9669: 9665: 9658: 9650: 9646: 9642: 9638: 9634: 9630: 9623: 9615: 9611: 9607: 9603: 9599: 9595: 9588: 9580: 9576: 9572: 9568: 9564: 9560: 9553: 9551: 9549: 9547: 9545: 9543: 9541: 9532: 9528: 9524: 9520: 9516: 9512: 9505: 9503: 9501: 9492: 9485: 9483: 9474: 9467: 9465: 9463: 9461: 9459: 9457: 9449: 9443: 9436: 9430: 9423: 9417: 9410: 9404: 9397: 9391: 9384: 9378: 9371: 9367: 9362: 9355: 9349: 9343:(1955) p. 87. 9342: 9336: 9329: 9323: 9315: 9311: 9307: 9303: 9299: 9295: 9291: 9287: 9283: 9276: 9268: 9261: 9253: 9247: 9243: 9242: 9234: 9226: 9222: 9218: 9214: 9210: 9206: 9202: 9198: 9191: 9183: 9177: 9173: 9172: 9164: 9157: 9151: 9144: 9138: 9131: 9125: 9118: 9112: 9104: 9098: 9094: 9093: 9085: 9077: 9071: 9067: 9066: 9058: 9042: 9038: 9032: 9028: 9027: 9019: 9011: 9005: 9001: 8997: 8996: 8988: 8980: 8976: 8972: 8968: 8964: 8960: 8956: 8950: 8931: 8927: 8923: 8919: 8915: 8911: 8907: 8903: 8899: 8895: 8888: 8881: 8874: 8869: 8862: 8857: 8850: 8845: 8838: 8833: 8831: 8822: 8818: 8814: 8810: 8806: 8802: 8801: 8793: 8785: 8781: 8776: 8771: 8767: 8763: 8759: 8755: 8748: 8732: 8728: 8724: 8720: 8716: 8712: 8708: 8701: 8694: 8689: 8681: 8669: 8665: 8658: 8650: 8648:9788418849107 8644: 8640: 8636: 8629: 8621: 8619:9788429744408 8615: 8611: 8607: 8600: 8592: 8585: 8569: 8565: 8559: 8551: 8549:9788490341339 8545: 8541: 8537: 8530: 8522: 8520:9788418434983 8516: 8512: 8508: 8501: 8493: 8487: 8483: 8479: 8472: 8465: 8461: 8458: 8452: 8444: 8442:9788416416707 8438: 8434: 8430: 8423: 8415: 8409: 8405: 8404: 8396: 8389: 8385: 8381: 8375: 8368: 8362: 8346: 8342: 8341: 8336: 8329: 8313: 8309: 8308: 8303: 8296: 8280: 8276: 8272: 8266: 8258: 8254: 8250: 8246: 8242: 8235: 8227: 8220: 8213: 8207: 8201: 8197: 8191: 8184: 8178: 8171: 8165: 8158: 8152: 8145: 8139: 8132: 8126: 8110: 8106: 8102: 8096: 8080: 8076: 8072: 8066: 8058: 8054: 8050: 8046: 8039: 8032: 8026: 8018: 8011: 8004: 7998: 7990: 7984: 7980: 7979: 7971: 7969: 7961: 7955: 7947: 7941: 7937: 7936: 7928: 7920: 7913: 7906: 7900: 7892: 7888: 7884: 7880: 7876: 7872: 7868: 7864: 7857: 7849: 7845: 7841: 7837: 7833: 7829: 7822: 7806: 7802: 7796: 7792: 7791: 7783: 7776: 7772: 7766: 7750: 7746: 7739: 7723: 7719: 7715: 7709: 7693: 7689: 7685: 7679: 7663: 7659: 7655: 7649: 7633: 7629: 7627: 7619: 7611: 7605: 7601: 7597: 7596: 7588: 7581: 7576: 7569: 7565: 7561: 7557: 7551: 7543: 7537: 7533: 7532: 7527: 7521: 7513: 7507: 7503: 7502: 7494: 7486: 7482: 7481: 7473: 7466: 7460: 7452: 7446: 7442: 7441: 7433: 7425: 7423:9781107031180 7419: 7415: 7414: 7406: 7390: 7386: 7382: 7376: 7369: 7363: 7348: 7342: 7338: 7337: 7329: 7321: 7317: 7313: 7309: 7302: 7294: 7288: 7284: 7283: 7282:World History 7275: 7267: 7261: 7257: 7250: 7241: 7227: 7221: 7217: 7213: 7209: 7205: 7198: 7196: 7194: 7186: 7182: 7178: 7174: 7170: 7166: 7162: 7158: 7154: 7150: 7146: 7142: 7135: 7127: 7123: 7119: 7113: 7109: 7102: 7094: 7090: 7086: 7080: 7076: 7069: 7067: 7060:, p. 43. 7059: 7054: 7046: 7040: 7036: 7029: 7021: 7015: 7011: 7010: 7002: 6983: 6979: 6972: 6965: 6957: 6951: 6947: 6946: 6938: 6929: 6920: 6911: 6903: 6897: 6893: 6892: 6884: 6876: 6872: 6868: 6864: 6860: 6856: 6852: 6848: 6844: 6840: 6833: 6826: 6820: 6813: 6807: 6791: 6787: 6783: 6782:"Nationalism" 6777: 6769: 6765: 6761: 6757: 6750: 6742: 6736: 6732: 6731: 6723: 6716: 6704: 6700: 6693: 6677: 6673: 6672: 6667: 6661: 6654: 6650: 6646: 6641: 6625: 6621: 6617: 6613: 6609: 6602: 6595: 6594: 6589: 6585: 6582: 6578: 6572: 6556: 6552: 6548: 6544: 6540: 6536: 6532: 6528: 6524: 6520: 6513: 6505: 6501: 6497: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6479: 6475: 6471: 6464: 6456: 6452: 6448: 6444: 6440: 6436: 6432: 6428: 6421: 6413: 6406: 6398: 6391: 6389: 6380: 6374: 6370: 6363: 6355: 6351: 6347: 6343: 6339: 6335: 6328: 6321: 6315: 6311: 6307: 6303: 6299: 6298:"Nationalism" 6292: 6283: 6278: 6274: 6270: 6266: 6259: 6257: 6255: 6253: 6251: 6249: 6247: 6245: 6228: 6224: 6220: 6216: 6212: 6208: 6204: 6200: 6196: 6192: 6185: 6177: 6175:9780191727191 6171: 6167: 6160: 6158: 6150: 6138: 6134: 6130: 6126: 6124:9781108973298 6120: 6116: 6112: 6108: 6104: 6097: 6095: 6086: 6079: 6071: 6067: 6063: 6059: 6052: 6050: 6042: 6036: 6028: 6022: 6018: 6014: 6013: 6008: 6001: 5985: 5981: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5966: 5962: 5957: 5955: 5953: 5944: 5938: 5934: 5927: 5919: 5913: 5909: 5908: 5900: 5898: 5889: 5883: 5879: 5878: 5870: 5868: 5863: 5852: 5849: 5846: 5845:World War Two 5842: 5841:George Orwell 5838: 5837: 5833: 5829: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5782:National myth 5780: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5734: 5727: 5725: 5721: 5717: 5713: 5711: 5707: 5703: 5699: 5695: 5691: 5687: 5683: 5678: 5676: 5672: 5668: 5667:Isaiah Berlin 5664: 5659: 5655: 5649: 5644: 5641: 5640:George Orwell 5636: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5605: 5603: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5587: 5581: 5578: 5573: 5571: 5567: 5560: 5550: 5548: 5544: 5535: 5531: 5529: 5524: 5517: 5507: 5503: 5497: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5473: 5471: 5467: 5463: 5459: 5455: 5451: 5447: 5446:Saudi Arabian 5440: 5430: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5416: 5412: 5408: 5402: 5392: 5390: 5382: 5377: 5376: 5368: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5352:authoritarian 5349: 5345: 5342: 5338: 5334: 5333:militant chic 5330: 5326: 5325:communitarian 5322: 5318: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5304: 5300: 5296: 5292: 5288: 5285: 5281: 5277: 5273: 5268: 5266: 5262: 5258: 5254: 5250: 5247:in their own 5246: 5242: 5238: 5234: 5230: 5227: 5223: 5220: 5216: 5212: 5208: 5204: 5201: 5198: 5194: 5193:racial purity 5190: 5186: 5183: 5177: 5175: 5171: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5146: 5141: 5140: 5135: 5131: 5127: 5123: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5105: 5095: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5069: 5065: 5064:Mebyon Kernow 5061: 5057: 5053: 5049: 5044: 5042: 5038: 5037: 5032: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5016: 5014: 5010: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4982: 4980: 4976: 4972: 4971:Slavic people 4968: 4963: 4961: 4957: 4952: 4950: 4946: 4945:Fascist Italy 4942: 4939: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4920: 4916: 4912: 4902: 4900: 4899:constructions 4895: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4876: 4872: 4866: 4864: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4824: 4820: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4803: 4793: 4791: 4787: 4783: 4777: 4767: 4763: 4759: 4757: 4752: 4750: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4734: 4728: 4718: 4713: 4700: 4696: 4691: 4687: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4669: 4664: 4661: 4657: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4632: 4630: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4600: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4583: 4573: 4571: 4567: 4561: 4557: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4539: 4538:Muslim League 4535: 4531: 4527: 4524:argued for a 4523: 4519: 4514: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4500: 4496: 4492: 4484: 4480: 4476: 4471: 4465:Anti-colonial 4462: 4459: 4452: 4442: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4424: 4423: 4418: 4417:Joseph Stalin 4414: 4410: 4406: 4402: 4401: 4390: 4387: 4381: 4376: 4369: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4354: 4353:Leda Cosmides 4350: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4333: 4328: 4326: 4321: 4315: 4306: 4303: 4299: 4297: 4292: 4288: 4286: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4269: 4263: 4260: 4255: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4220: 4211: 4207: 4204: 4200: 4195: 4191: 4187: 4182: 4180: 4176: 4172: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4147: 4137: 4135: 4131: 4126: 4123: 4119: 4114: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4103:America First 4100: 4096: 4092: 4085: 4081: 4076: 4072: 4070: 4066: 4065: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4047: 4045: 4041: 4038: 4035: 4031: 4026: 4024: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3995: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3973: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3952: 3950: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3921: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3885: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3857: 3848: 3844: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3813: 3811: 3807: 3802: 3798: 3795: 3792: 3787: 3784: 3780: 3769: 3766: 3751: 3748: 3740: 3730: 3726: 3720: 3719: 3714:This section 3712: 3708: 3703: 3702: 3693: 3690: 3682: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3658: 3657: 3652:This section 3650: 3641: 3640: 3635: 3633: 3626: 3625: 3620: 3619: 3614: 3609: 3600: 3599: 3595: 3585: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3570: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3544: 3535: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3506: 3502: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3478: 3473: 3469: 3459: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3445: 3441: 3437: 3433: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3415:Fascist Italy 3413: 3409: 3405: 3400: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3366: 3362: 3358: 3354: 3348: 3337: 3335: 3332:, autocracy, 3331: 3327: 3323: 3317: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3301: 3296: 3294: 3290: 3285: 3279: 3264: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3222: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3182: 3171: 3169: 3165: 3160: 3158: 3153: 3151: 3147: 3142: 3140: 3139: 3134: 3130: 3125: 3123: 3119: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3092: 3090: 3086: 3081: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3055: 3054:Simón Bolívar 3050: 3046: 3044: 3043:Roman Dmowski 3040: 3035: 3034:Piast Dynasty 3031: 3030:Piast Concept 3026: 3024: 3020: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2969: 2965: 2955: 2953: 2950:. That state 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2916: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2869: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2845: 2838: 2834: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2811: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2768: 2763: 2759: 2757: 2751: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2720: 2718: 2714: 2713: 2707: 2705: 2699: 2695: 2693: 2692:Josep Borrell 2687: 2683: 2681: 2680:José Pemartín 2677: 2671: 2667: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2652: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2579: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2568:Umberto Bossi 2565: 2560: 2558: 2557:economic boom 2554: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2536: 2534: 2527: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2460: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2428: 2425: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2387: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2343: 2342: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2326:(1808–1884), 2325: 2319: 2316: 2311: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2293: 2289: 2284: 2279: 2269: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2250: 2244: 2233: 2224: 2220: 2217:This section 2215: 2212: 2208: 2207: 2202:Latin America 2199: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2130: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2105: 2102: 2101: 2100: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2089:Sergey Uvarov 2086: 2082: 2075: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2051: 2048: 2043: 2040: 2038: 2032: 2029: 2023: 2018: 2016: 2008: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1990: 1984: 1973: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1955: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1922: 1917: 1906: 1901: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1869: 1865: 1860: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1829:public sphere 1826: 1818: 1814: 1809: 1805: 1804:(1775–1783). 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1786: 1782: 1777: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1750:British Celts 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1713: 1711: 1706: 1702: 1697: 1694: 1688: 1683: 1681: 1677: 1667: 1657: 1653: 1651: 1647: 1642: 1638: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1618: 1613: 1606: 1601: 1592: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1558: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1539:modernization 1536: 1532: 1529: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1517:Primordialism 1515: 1514: 1513: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1498: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1393: 1388: 1386: 1381: 1379: 1374: 1373: 1371: 1370: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1356: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1317: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1299: 1296: 1295: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1277: 1276: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1224: 1223: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1201: 1198: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1190: 1182: 1181: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1168:Civil society 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1152: 1147: 1146:Public policy 1144: 1143: 1139: 1133: 1132: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1113: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1097: 1092: 1089: 1088: 1084: 1078: 1077: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1009: 1008: 1000: 999: 992: 989: 987: 984: 982: 979: 977: 974: 972: 969: 967: 966:Parliamentary 964: 962: 959: 957: 954: 952: 951:Hybrid regime 949: 947: 944: 942: 939: 937: 934: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 919: 917: 914: 912: 909: 907: 904: 903: 899: 893: 892: 885: 882: 880: 877: 875: 872: 870: 867: 865: 862: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 847: 846: 838: 837: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 817: 815: 814: 811: 808: 807: 804: 800: 799: 789: 784: 782: 777: 775: 770: 769: 767: 766: 761: 756: 751: 750: 749: 748: 741: 738: 736: 733: 729: 726: 725: 724: 721: 719: 716: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 701: 697: 692: 689: 687: 684: 682: 679: 677: 674: 672: 669: 667: 664: 662: 659: 657: 654: 652: 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 612: 609: 607: 604: 602: 601:Ethnocentrism 599: 597: 594: 592: 589: 587: 584: 582: 579: 577: 574: 572: 569: 567: 564: 562: 559: 557: 554: 552: 549: 548: 542: 541: 536: 531:Organizations 528: 527: 520: 517: 515: 512: 510: 507: 505: 504:Technological 502: 500: 497: 493: 492:Ethnocacerism 490: 486: 483: 481: 478: 476: 473: 472: 471: 468: 466: 463: 461: 458: 457: 456: 455:Revolutionary 453: 451: 448: 444: 441: 439: 436: 432: 429: 428: 427: 424: 420: 417: 415: 412: 411: 410: 407: 406: 405: 402: 398: 395: 393: 390: 388: 385: 381: 378: 377: 376: 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 362: 361: 358: 356: 353: 351: 348: 346: 343: 341: 338: 335: 331: 328: 326: 323: 321: 318: 316: 313: 311: 308: 306: 303: 299: 296: 295: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 257: 254: 252: 249: 247: 244: 243: 242: 239: 235: 232: 231: 230: 227: 225: 222: 220: 217: 215: 212: 210: 207: 206: 203: 198: 197: 190: 187: 185: 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 170: 167: 166: 160: 159: 152: 149: 147: 144: 142: 139: 137: 134: 132: 129: 127: 124: 122: 119: 117: 114: 112: 109: 107: 104: 102: 99: 97: 94: 92: 89: 87: 84: 82: 79: 77: 74: 73: 69: 64: 63: 60: 57: 56: 52: 48: 47: 44: 40: 33: 19: 17518: 17417:Elite theory 17365: 17355: 17345: 17335: 17325: 17315: 17305: 17295: 17285: 17275: 17265: 17255: 17245: 17235: 17225: 17215: 17205: 17195: 17185: 17175: 17165: 17155: 16454:Guicciardini 16410:Early modern 16233:Philosophers 16183:Open society 16119:Body politic 16053: 15989:Distributism 15979:Conservatism 15974:Confucianism 15893:Gerontocracy 15883:Dictatorship 15837:Sovereignty‎ 15827:Ruling class 15717:Emancipation 15702:Citizenship‎ 15519:Collectivism 15453: 15358:Distributism 15343:Conservatism 15338:Confucianism 15258:Centre-right 15121:Nation state 15036:Anationalism 14776:Expansionist 14591: 14538:. Retrieved 14534:the original 14525: 14510:. Retrieved 14506:the original 14497: 14485: 14443:. Retrieved 14434: 14415:. Retrieved 14411:the original 14395: 14371: 14347: 14323: 14299: 14274: 14249: 14226: 14211:. Retrieved 14194: 14188: 14173:. Retrieved 14164: 14151: 14129: 14107: 14092:. Retrieved 14049: 14023: 14006: 14005:Kohn, Hans. 13999: 13981: 13973: 13966: 13948: 13937: 13930: 13915:. Palgrave. 13912: 13893: 13882: 13864: 13856: 13828: 13815: 13811: 13786:. Retrieved 13750: 13727: 13704: 13680: 13659: 13645: 13644:Kohn, Hans. 13634:. Retrieved 13624: 13599: 13585: 13566: 13555: 13536: 13511: 13487: 13457: 13417: 13411: 13384: 13378: 13366:. Retrieved 13356: 13350: 13338:. Retrieved 13324: 13308: 13296:. Retrieved 13274: 13266: 13262: 13253: 13228: 13224: 13218: 13172:. Retrieved 13150: 13140: 13136: 13117: 13111: 13092: 13086: 13067: 13061: 13034: 13030: 13020: 13008:. 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Retrieved 10425:The Guardian 10424: 10414: 10406: 10379: 10372:. Retrieved 10361: 10352: 10344: 10337:. Retrieved 10328:The Guardian 10326: 10317: 10309: 10302:. Retrieved 10291: 10282: 10273: 10258: 10251: 10243: 10224: 10217: 10209: 10190: 10183: 10171:. Retrieved 10162: 10153: 10141:. Retrieved 10132: 10123: 10111:. Retrieved 10102: 10092: 10080:. Retrieved 10064:The Guardian 10063: 10053: 10041:. Retrieved 10032: 10023: 10011:. Retrieved 10007:the original 9993: 9981:. Retrieved 9970: 9961: 9949:. Retrieved 9938: 9929: 9917:. Retrieved 9906: 9897: 9885:. Retrieved 9876: 9866: 9854:. Retrieved 9839: 9814: 9810: 9803: 9793: 9777: 9765:. 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Retrieved 5978: 5964: 5932: 5926: 5906: 5876: 5834: 5723: 5714: 5679: 5675:David Miller 5651: 5646: 5637: 5606: 5602:Pan-Islamism 5582: 5575:Philosopher 5574: 5562: 5541: 5532: 5519: 5504: 5500: 5491: 5442: 5404: 5380: 5373: 5370: 5355:anti-statism 5336: 5314: 5295:anti-fascism 5284:totalitarian 5271: 5269: 5253:meritocratic 5233:nation state 5178: 5150:Richard Hunt 5143: 5137: 5134:Albion Awake 5133: 5107: 5088:Awami League 5066:, Ireland's 5048:Fidel Castro 5045: 5034: 5017: 5006: 4977:people into 4975:south Slavic 4964: 4953: 4949:Nazi Germany 4926:Risorgimento 4922: 4896: 4867: 4829: 4805: 4779: 4764: 4760: 4756:ethnocentric 4753: 4730: 4715: 4676:Ernest Renan 4665: 4656:Ernest Renan 4633: 4601: 4589:Ernest Renan 4585: 4562: 4558: 4515: 4508: 4504: 4488: 4454: 4420: 4398: 4396: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4357: 4329: 4319: 4316: 4312: 4300: 4289: 4281:Gesellschaft 4280: 4277:Gemeinschaft 4276: 4266: 4265:In his book 4264: 4256: 4221: 4217: 4208: 4183: 4143: 4127: 4115: 4102: 4098: 4095:Donald Trump 4088: 4084:Donald Trump 4062: 4048: 4040:Nippon Kaigi 4027: 3996: 3976:Viktor Orbán 3953: 3923:Since 2010, 3922: 3888:The rise of 3887: 3878:21st century 3872: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3852: 3833: 3814: 3803: 3799: 3790: 3788: 3776: 3761: 3743: 3734: 3723:Please help 3718:verification 3715: 3685: 3676: 3653: 3629: 3622: 3616: 3615:Please help 3612: 3571: 3559:Saudi Arabia 3541: 3516:South Africa 3514: 3510: 3498: 3401: 3351:Nationalist 3350: 3319: 3303: 3298: 3281: 3267:20th century 3257:anti-Zionist 3247: 3225: 3192:Jewish state 3186: 3181:emancipation 3177: 3161: 3155:In 1869 the 3154: 3143: 3136: 3126: 3116: 3082: 3070:Josef Stalin 3059: 3027: 3023:Centre Party 2971: 2917: 2897:South Slavic 2866: 2859:Ottoman rule 2841: 2804:idealization 2777: 2752: 2721: 2710: 2708: 2701: 2697: 2689: 2685: 2673: 2669: 2653: 2606:through the 2585: 2561: 2538: 2529: 2494:dialects of 2483:Risorgimento 2482: 2471:Risorgimento 2470: 2464: 2388: 2376:Adolf Hitler 2369: 2356:Adolf Hitler 2346: 2339: 2335: 2320: 2312: 2297: 2246: 2230:January 2019 2227: 2223:adding to it 2218: 2180:Ottoman rule 2145: 2139: 2135: 2078: 2044: 2036: 2033: 2025: 2020: 2014: 2012: 1970: 1966: 1963: 1951: 1910:19th century 1903: 1886:Linda Colley 1879: 1873: 1861: 1822: 1778: 1724:or with the 1719: 1705:Erica Benner 1698: 1690: 1685: 1674: 1654: 1646:Glenda Sluga 1640: 1639: 1633: 1615: 1612:Hugo Grotius 1609: 1604: 1573:conservatism 1562: 1521:Romantic era 1499: 1427:nation-state 1425:to create a 1402: 1401: 1096:street-level 971:Presidential 931:Dictatorship 801:Part of the 723:Subsidiarity 551:Anationalism 310:Expansionist 174:Independence 58: 43: 17555:Nationalism 17291:(1835–1840) 17171:(c. 350 BC) 17161:(c. 375 BC) 16778:Tocqueville 16743:Saint-Simon 16708:Montesquieu 16559:Bolingbroke 16491:Machiavelli 16371:Ibn Khaldun 16336:Alpharabius 16329:Middle Ages 16154:Natural law 16129:Common good 16054:Nationalism 16014:Imperialism 15984:Corporatism 15959:Colonialism 15939:Agrarianism 15918:Technocracy 15898:Meritocracy 15878:Bureaucracy 15868:Aristocracy 15621:Regionalism 15566:Imperialism 15529:Culturalism 15524:Colonialism 15454:Nationalism 15375:Familialism 15353:Corporatism 15323:Communalism 15303:Agrarianism 15280:Reactionary 15248:Centre-left 15144: [ 15091:Irredentism 14979:Territorial 14599:Development 14592:Nationalism 14484:– entry at 14475:Nationalism 13620:James, Paul 13594:James, Paul 13458:Nationalism 13257:Motyl 1:298 13156:Cliff, Tony 13037:(1): 3–12. 13010:13 December 12508:12 November 12500:(4): 1–12. 12310:Ivo Banac, 12156:Orientalism 12056:17 November 12048:: 125–130. 11739:Miller 1995 11720:(1): 1–17. 11654:Miller 1995 11449:Orientalism 11416:Nationalism 11117:Nationalism 10870:20 February 10741:20 February 10521:14 November 9887:5 September 9339:Hans Kohn, 9047:23 November 8939:28 February 8894:Ethnicities 8775:10272/19498 8737:28 February 7811:22 November 7314:: 211–239. 7058:Benner 2013 6369:Nationalism 6233:22 November 5974:James, Paul 5826: [ 5570:anti-racism 5476:Territorial 5415:anti-racism 5411:immigration 5344:egalitarian 5341:anti-racist 5265:traditional 5261:sustainable 5229:communities 5226:homogeneous 5174:Leo Tolstoy 5170:Max Stirner 5076:Plaid Cymru 4967:Pan-Slavism 4932:, Germany, 4915:Irredentism 4875:ideological 4855:orientalism 4843:Colonialism 4812:masculinity 4668:rationalism 4610:or Spanish 4546:partitioned 4439:intercourse 4386:G. P. Gooch 4334:as well as 4259:Henry Maine 4228:Henry Maine 4203:Barry Posen 4151:Machiavelli 4122:Philippines 3908:, France's 3829:Orientalism 3582:Palestinian 3567:Arab League 3538:Middle East 3456:medievalism 3454:as well as 3412:Mussolini's 3369:Megali Idea 3353:irredentist 3322:imperialism 3289:Sun Yat-sen 3078:Belarusians 3019:Kulturkampf 2780:romanticism 2712:Reconquista 2360:Sudetenland 2132:Nationality 2122:paternalist 2039:("revenge") 1959:World War I 1930:philosopher 1898:Reformation 1894:H. G. Wells 1890:World War I 1845:Thomas Arne 1835:, anthems, 1823:Due to the 1730:Middle Ages 1641:Nationalism 1595:Terminology 1415:sovereignty 1403:Nationalism 1235:Sovereignty 1200:Legislature 1103:Technocracy 1091:Bureaucracy 956:Meritocracy 936:Directorial 694: [ 646:Irredentism 636:Imperialism 509:Territorial 475:Legionarism 163:Core values 59:Nationalism 18:Nationalist 17549:Categories 17499:Separatism 17307:On Liberty 17207:The Prince 16936:Huntington 16439:Campanella 16366:al-Ghazali 16315:Thucydides 16273:Lactantius 16218:Statolatry 16044:Monarchism 16024:Liberalism 15949:Capitalism 15932:Ideologies 15913:Plutocracy 15861:Government 15817:Revolution 15802:Propaganda 15752:Legitimacy 15727:Government 15636:Syncretism 15626:Separatism 15586:Militarism 15556:Federalism 15442:Monarchism 15422:Liberalism 15313:Capitalism 15263:Right-wing 15153:Revanchism 14810:Linguistic 14756:Ecological 14213:14 January 14132:. Polity. 13636:2 December 13447:References 13436:1107699751 13385:Up-wingers 13368:14 October 12973:Outre-mers 12929:Gwang Ok, 12817:0631152059 12559:2 December 12360:24 October 11936:Baycroft, 11631:0691078939 11458:0394428145 11425:0814731139 11112:G.P. Gooch 11086:Motyl 2001 11071:Motyl 2001 11059:Motyl 2001 11047:Motyl 2001 11035:Motyl 2001 10953:Motyl 2001 10938:Motyl 2001 10917:Motyl 2001 10494:23 October 10304:9 November 10013:25 October 9983:25 October 9972:EUobserver 9951:25 October 9919:25 October 9475:: 162–166. 8873:Núñez 2001 8849:Núñez 2001 8807:(2): 199. 8756:. Lleida: 8351:9 November 8318:4 November 8285:9 November 7580:Motyl 2001 7395:12 October 7093:j.ctt7t07k 6796:9 November 6709:19 January 6682:2 December 6666:Nairn, Tom 6340:(2): 154. 5851:Xenophobia 5818:Patriotism 5737:Chauvinism 5694:chauvinism 5686:militarism 5658:Lord Acton 5617:communists 5613:socialists 5611:and other 5586:the masses 5557:See also: 5375:immigrants 5365:See also: 5337:anarchists 5257:capitalist 5245:separately 5219:anti-state 5197:syncretize 5191:and white 5185:right-wing 4979:Yugoslavia 4863:sexualized 4816:femininity 4774:See also: 4762:anathema. 4725:See also: 4608:Legitimism 4597:plebiscite 4530:opposition 4479:Suez Canal 4449:See also: 4349:John Tooby 4285:alienation 4275:defined a 4061:(known as 4028:In Japan, 3997:In India, 3737:March 2023 3679:March 2023 3663:improve it 3618:improve it 3452:classicism 3444:folk music 3389:Cappadocia 3334:patriarchy 3330:warlordism 3293:Kuomintang 3074:Ukrainians 2936:Yugoslavia 2877:Old Serbia 2784:classicism 2748:Hispanidad 2586:After the 2496:Neapolitan 2424:Aryan race 2401:, much of 2395:Lebensraum 2384:Aryan race 2380:Nazi Party 2294:, May 1848 2164:Bulgarians 2156:Slavophile 2093:Nicholas I 2037:Revanchism 1993:Revanchism 1934:journalist 1841:Union Jack 1758:Roman rule 1734:Tom Garvin 1565:patriotism 1483:solidarity 1475:traditions 1467:government 1325:Governance 1315:Government 1310:Federalism 911:City-state 740:Xenophobia 708:Revanchism 661:Militarism 320:Indigenism 315:Homosexual 283:Ecological 189:Solidarity 179:Patriotism 169:Allegiance 32:Patriotism 17217:Leviathan 17197:Monarchia 17191:(c. 1274) 17026:Oakeshott 16971:Mansfield 16966:Luxemburg 16951:Kropotkin 16846:Bernstein 16799:centuries 16713:Nietzsche 16656:Jefferson 16584:Condorcet 16532:centuries 16511:Pufendorf 16376:Marsilius 16263:Confucius 16248:Aristotle 16241:Antiquity 16169:Noble lie 16089:Third Way 16084:Socialism 16009:Feudalism 15964:Communism 15944:Anarchism 15923:Theocracy 15908:Oligarchy 15888:Democracy 15873:Autocracy 15787:Pluralism 15772:Obedience 15737:Hierarchy 15697:Authority 15616:Reformism 15601:Pluralism 15561:Globalism 15551:Extremism 15486:Third Way 15481:Socialism 15464:Classical 15437:Masculism 15328:Communism 15308:Anarchism 15268:Far-right 15243:Left-wing 14984:Terrorism 14948:Falangism 14887:Christian 14882:Religious 14803:Communist 14798:Left-wing 14746:Corporate 14736:Communist 14697:Bourgeois 14687:Anarchist 14321:(2010) . 14203:1522-1113 14084:750831024 13936:Gerrits, 13778:259646325 13204:orwell.ru 13053:245894934 12604:143709925 12448:144248307 12350:144474775 12212:142868365 11778:145715867 11351:0891-3811 11316:145053698 11308:1356-9317 11248:144187204 11240:0002-9602 10995:151531605 10833:154935234 10790:153804691 10381:movement. 10230:Routledge 10133:U.S. News 10072:0261-3077 9831:145077294 9614:249691639 9579:151283265 9314:154121434 9306:1527-2028 9225:153577101 8979:143787176 8926:144193279 8918:1468-7968 8821:145675694 8784:1888-3931 8727:0213-2087 8721:: 14–15. 8251:: 84–88. 7654:"Etusivu" 7181:144176353 7165:0003-0554 6875:144002511 6859:0002-9602 6620:0015-7120 6551:246017190 6543:0002-9602 6496:1531-4804 6455:153875363 6447:0010-4140 6354:154796642 6223:149288553 6215:1354-5078 6133:259646325 5710:tribalism 5619:(such as 5553:Criticism 5433:Religious 5385:"ativists 5329:racialist 5317:left-wing 5307:universal 5299:hierarchy 5215:anarchist 5200:neotribal 5126:far-right 5112:activist 5068:Sinn Féin 5058:in 1959, 4985:Left-wing 4981:in 1918. 4859:feminized 4808:gendering 4733:ethnicity 4644:tolerance 4510:Gellner's 4499:New World 4458:Hans Kohn 4405:Karl Marx 4302:Max Weber 4244:Max Weber 4214:Sociology 4171:Max Weber 4116:In 2016, 4034:far right 4023:Sri Lanka 3890:globalism 3810:Yugoslavs 3783:communism 3667:verifying 3624:talk page 3524:apartheid 3520:Afrikaner 3495:) in 1960 3326:feudalism 3261:Holocaust 3204:socialist 3118:Bulgarian 3068:dictator 2649:Galicians 2625:Catalonia 2576:Lega Nord 2254:New Spain 2168:Romanians 2136:Narodnost 2114:Autocracy 2104:Orthodoxy 1942:Fennomans 1876:Hans Kohn 1857:John Bull 1650:globalism 1585:socialism 1451:ethnicity 1439:political 1305:Unitarism 1293:Elections 1281:Subseries 1210:Judiciary 1205:Executive 1108:Adhocracy 991:Theocracy 946:Feudalism 926:Democracy 621:Globalism 606:Francoism 409:Christian 404:Religious 330:Left-wing 273:Corporate 263:Communist 224:Bourgeois 214:Anarchist 17472:Centrism 17167:Politics 17157:Republic 17126:Voegelin 17106:Spengler 17091:Shariati 17066:Rothbard 17021:Nussbaum 16921:Habermas 16896:Fukuyama 16886:Foucault 16811:Ambedkar 16788:Voltaire 16758:de Staël 16733:Rousseau 16614:Franklin 16589:Constant 16549:Beccaria 16381:Muhammad 16361:Gelasius 16346:Averroes 16320:Xenophon 16300:Polybius 16253:Chanakya 16098:Concepts 16064:Populism 16034:Localism 16019:Islamism 16004:Feminism 15903:Monarchy 15807:Property 15797:Progress 15762:Monopoly 15732:Hegemony 15606:Populism 15596:Pacifism 15591:Nihilism 15581:Localism 15500:See also 15447:Royalism 15417:Islamism 15412:Hindutva 15397:Feminism 15253:Centrism 15238:Far-left 15228:Moderate 15223:Hardline 15096:Jingoism 14969:Romantic 14928:Resource 14919:Hindutva 14897:Clerico- 14892:Catholic 14835:Populist 14793:Integral 14771:European 14761:Economic 14719:American 14702:Business 14666:Treasure 14641:Language 14636:Identity 14552:Archived 14540:14 April 14478:Archived 14465:Archived 14439:Archived 14369:(2013). 14345:(2009). 14297:(2000). 14271:(1995). 14247:(1981). 14225:(2010). 14207:Archived 14169:Archived 14150:(2019). 14128:(2013). 14106:(2006). 14094:30 March 14088:Archived 14031:Archived 14026:(2011). 14014:Archived 13947:(1992). 13892:(1996). 13825:(1990). 13804:Archived 13782:Archived 13702:(1995). 13657:(1995). 13630:Archived 13622:(2006). 13596:(1996). 13565:(1992). 13509:(1995). 13485:(1983). 13362:Archived 13331:Archived 13292:Archived 13282:(1915). 13207:Archived 13196:Archived 13174:2 August 13168:Archived 13158:(1959). 13004:Archived 12980:Archived 12835:, 1981, 12791:Archived 12755:Archived 12694:Archived 12623:(2003). 12553:Archived 12502:Archived 12452:Archived 12383:Archived 12247:20097951 12050:Archived 11968:Archived 11894:Archived 11820:Archived 11782:Archived 11670:Archived 11581:49570017 11493:16 April 11434:37353976 11197:Archived 11114:(1920). 10864:Archived 10664:Archived 10639:18 April 10633:Archived 10603:Archived 10577:Archived 10515:Archived 10488:Archived 10483:Politico 10429:Archived 10399:Archived 10374:2 August 10368:Archived 10339:15 March 10333:Archived 10298:Archived 10293:ABC News 10167:Archived 10137:Archived 10107:Archived 10076:Archived 10037:Archived 9977:Archived 9945:Archived 9913:Archived 9881:Archived 9850:Archived 9786:Archived 9761:Archived 9698:27298631 9649:20202389 9531:20045621 9041:Archived 8930:Archived 8904:: 9–10. 8731:Archived 8668:Archived 8574:2 August 8460:Archived 8345:Archived 8312:Archived 8279:Archived 8210:Snyder, 8109:Archived 8079:Archived 7848:30036938 7805:Archived 7749:Archived 7722:Archived 7692:Archived 7662:Archived 7632:Archived 7528:(1998). 7389:Archived 6982:Archived 6790:Archived 6703:Archived 6676:Archived 6624:Archived 6584:Archived 6555:Archived 6504:57561272 6227:Archived 6137:Archived 5984:Archived 5976:(1996). 5813:Nativism 5752:Jingoism 5730:See also 5690:jingoism 5682:pacifist 5609:Marxists 5598:Islamist 5538:Pandemic 5464:and the 5462:American 5454:Egyptian 5409:and the 5389:Patriots 5381:nativism 5361:Nativist 5310:equality 5291:oxymoron 5122:far-left 5060:Cornwall 5039:and his 4888:gendered 4770:Economic 4648:equality 4534:Congress 4271:(1887), 4163:Rousseau 4111:Ted Cruz 4019:Thailand 3984:Slovakia 3980:Bulgaria 3966:(led by 3912:and the 3894:populism 3501:Ethiopia 3434:and the 3095:Bulgaria 3052:General 3014:religion 2868:de facto 2857:against 2726:and the 2629:Valencia 2596:Philip V 2572:Padanism 2500:Sicilian 2419:eugenics 2405:and the 2300:Napoleon 2249:colonies 1924:Senator 1864:American 1794:Voltaire 1790:Rousseau 1756:against 1744:and the 1624:between 1471:religion 1465:(or the 1463:politics 1459:language 1423:homeland 1333:Ideology 1151:doctrine 1112:Service 976:Republic 961:Monarchy 941:Federacy 830:Category 810:Politics 735:Trumpism 676:Nativism 656:Localism 651:Jingoism 499:Romantic 450:Resource 431:Hindutva 419:Clerical 414:Catholic 375:Japanese 334:populism 325:Integral 305:European 288:Economic 246:American 229:Business 151:Treasure 126:Language 121:Identity 51:a series 49:Part of 17509:Statism 17422:Elitism 17380:Related 17181:(51 BC) 17111:Strauss 17086:Scruton 17081:Schmitt 17071:Russell 16991:Michels 16986:Maurras 16981:Marcuse 16941:Kautsky 16911:Gramsci 16906:Gentile 16876:Dworkin 16866:Du Bois 16861:Dmowski 16856:Chomsky 16851:Burnham 16836:Benoist 16806:Agamben 16773:Thoreau 16763:Stirner 16753:Spencer 16698:Mazzini 16688:Maistre 16683:Madison 16678:Le Play 16609:Fourier 16574:Carlyle 16554:Bentham 16544:Bastiat 16539:Bakunin 16516:Spinoza 16506:Müntzer 16476:Leibniz 16449:Grotius 16429:Bossuet 16396:Plethon 16341:Aquinas 16310:Sun Tzu 16278:Mencius 16268:Han Fei 16039:Marxism 15999:Fascism 15832:Society 15757:Liberty 15742:Justice 15722:Freedom 15631:Statism 15491:Zionism 15432:Marxism 15380:Fascism 15275:Radical 14955:Fascism 14909:Islamic 14875:Zionism 14707:Welfare 14682:African 14675:By type 14611:Colours 14417:28 July 14048:(ed.). 14028:excerpt 14002:(2016). 13940:(2015). 13245:3654261 12946:(2008). 12933:(2007). 12920:(2001). 12907:(2015). 12894:(2016). 12881:(2015). 12868:(1993). 12797:14 June 12761:14 June 12700:27 July 12255:2332633 12141:4129220 11863:3176007 11467:4004102 10987:4236409 10825:2539098 10782:2538753 10629:Haaretz 10583:30 July 10552:30 July 10435:17 June 10113:27 July 10082:27 July 10033:Reuters 9856:30 July 9795:Haaretz 9689:4894286 9398:(2005). 9385:(1977). 9267:Zionism 9158:(2005). 8760:: 133. 8680:Twitter 8277:. n.d. 8198:(1914) 8115:16 June 7891:3270766 7883:1875877 7755:29 June 7728:29 June 7698:19 June 7668:29 June 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