1685:
2184:"Lemtinga situacija susidarė 1919 m. Versalio taikos konferencijoje. Lenkijos atstovas R. Dmovskis ten pareiškė, kad Lietuva nepribrendo valstybingumui, ir reikalavo ją prijungti prie Lenkijos. Dmovskis su prancūzų atstovu Klemanso iškėlė Rytprūsių pasidalijimo klausimą. Jie siūlė Gumbinę su Įsrutimi prijungti prie Lenkijos, Karaliaučių paskelbti laisvu miestu, o likusią dalį atiduoti būsimai marionetinei, nuo Lenkijos priklausomai Lietuvai." English translation: "A fatal situation appeared in 1919 at the Versailles peace conference. The Polish representative Dmowski expressed that Lithuania is not ready for independence, and insisted on attaching Lithuania to Poland. Dmowski and French representative Clemenceau promoted the idea of a partition of East Prussia. They proposed to attach
1228:, signed by the Council of Ambassadors and Lithuania, the area was granted a separate parliament, two official languages, the capacity to raise its own taxes, charge custom duties, and manage its cultural and religious affairs, and was allowed a separate judicial system, separate citizenship, internal control of agriculture and forestry, as well as a separate social security system. The Council of Ambassadors accepted the resulting arrangement and confirmed the autonomy of the region within the Republic of Lithuania. On 8 May 1924, a further Convention on the Klaipėda region confirmed the annexation, and a resulting autonomy agreement was signed in Paris. In the Lithuanian-German Arbitration and Settlement Agreement (
93:
364:
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81:
2862:"Kai kurie ir iš nepriklausomos Lietuvos išvažiuoja į Vokietiją, nes čia ne visiems pavyksta atgauti žemę ir sodybas, miestuose ir miesteliuose turėtus gyvenamuosius namus. Vis dar yra net nebandomų sudrausminti piktavalių, kurie lietuvininkams siūlo "grįžti" į "faterliandą"." Tr.: Even some from independent Lithuanians emigrate to Germany, because not for all property is returned. There are still persons who propose for lietuvininks to "return" to "vaterland". The article is written in 1998 and represents situation in these years.
1670:
made up 21.5% in 1912, 32.6% in 1925, and 38.7% in 1932*). Foreign citizens might include some
Germans who opted for German citizenship instead of Lithuanian (although at the time the German government pressured local Germans to take Lithuanian citizenship so that German presence would remain). There were more Lithuanian speakers in the north of the region (Klaipėdos apskritis and Šilutės apskritis) than in the south (Pagėgių apskritis). Other locals included people of other nationalities who had citizenship in Lithuania, such as
1739:
108:
723:
3147:
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2239:"dem Entschluß, das Memelgebiet von Deutschland abzutrennen, trug die antideutsche Einstellung des französischen Premiers, Georges Clemenceau, bei, der "die armen versklavten Litauer in Ostpreußen aus dem deutschen Joch" befreien wollte. Litauische Politiker haben diese antideutsche Haltung Clemenceaus später erfolgreich ausgenutzt und Forderungen, die für Litauen günstig waren, gestellt." Translation: "The resolution to separate the Memel Territory from Germany, the
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793:
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1997:. In 1958, when emigration was allowed, the majority of the surviving population, both Germans and Prussian Lithuanians, emigrated to West Germany; this event was called a repatriation of Germans by the Lithuanian SSR. Today these formerly Lutheran territories are mostly inhabited by Lithuanians who are Catholic and by
1336:. As the years passed, claims were becoming more and more vocal about a re-integration into a resurgent Germany. It was only during the latter period that Lithuania then instituted a policy of "Lithuanization". This was met by even more opposition, as religious and regional differences slowly became insurmountable.
1105:
The Allied and associated Powers reject the suggestion that the cession of the district of Memel conflicts with the principles of nationality. The district in question has always been
Lithuanian; the majority of the populace is Lithuanian in origin and in speech and that fact the city of Memel itself
2755:
The strong lithuanization policy from
Lithuanian State gave the inverse effect, reflected by anti-Lithuanian dispositions among Germans and local Lietuvininkai people. The forms of Lithuanization policy were not acceptable for Klaipėda region local Lietuvininkai people. Having no other alternatives,
1793:
According to the treaty, the citizens of the Memel
Territory were allowed to choose their citizenship: either German or Lithuanian. 303 people or, counting family members, 585, asked for Lithuanian citizenship but only 20 requests were granted. Another term stated that persons who had settled in the
1782:
of the
Memelland. This proved to be the last of a series of bloodless annexations of territories separated from the German or Austrian Empire by the Treaty of Versailles, which had been perceived by many Germans as a humiliation. German forces seized the territory even before the official Lithuanian
1241:
Importantly, the annexation gave
Lithuania control of a year-round, ice-free Baltic port. Lithuania made full use of Klaipėda's port, modernizing and adapting it largely for its agricultural exports. The port reconstruction was certainly one of the larger long-term investment projects enacted by the
1245:
The inhabitants of the area were not given a choice on the ballot as to whether they wanted to be part of the
Lithuanian state or part of Germany. Since the pro-German political parties had an overall majority of more than 80% in all elections to the local parliament (see election statistics below)
2395:
Occupation is admitted by modern
Lithuanian historians: "Neue Untersuchungen machen es heute möglich, die tatsächliche Verteilung der Rollen auf die Schützen, die litauische Regierung und die Armee bei der Besetzung des Memegebietes offenzulegen." tr.: "New investigations make it possible today to
1708:
The authoritarian regime of
Smetona enforced a policy of discrimination and Lithuanisation: it sent administrators from Lithuania, and German teachers, officials, and priests were fired from jobs. Local inhabitants—both Germans and Prussian Lithuanians—were not accepted for state service in Memel
1669:
Overall, Prussian
Lithuanians were more rural than Germans; the number of Lithuanian speakers in the city of Klaipėda itself increased over time due to urbanization and migration from villages into cities and later also from remaining Lithuania (in the city of Klaipėda, Lithuanian-speaking people
1096:
including those whose mother-tongue is Lithuanian, have never desired a separation from Germany;...they have always proved themselves a loyal constituent part of the German community...moreover, Memel is an entirely German town...which has never in its whole history belonged to Lithuania or to
2243:
attitude of the French Prime Minister, Georges Clemenceau, who wanted to "free the poor enslaved Lithuanians in East Prussia from the German yoke". Lithuanian politicians later successfully took advantage of Clemenceau's anti-German attitude and made claims that were favorable for Lithuania."
1720:
Election results in Memel Territory were irritating for the authoritarian Smetona regime, and it attempted to "colonise" Memel Territory with Lithuanians. The Lithuanian settlements Jakai and Smeltė were built. The number of newcomers increased: in 1926 the number was 5,000, in 1939–30,000.
1050:. It is traditionally viewed by Lithuanians as expressing the desire of Lithuania Minor to unite with Lithuania, but the majority of Prussian Lithuanians did not want to join with Lithuania, and the Prussian Lithuanians, at 26.6% of the population, did not make up a majority of the region.
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Postage stamps of the Klaipėda Region in use 1920–1925. The upper stamp is French with overprint in German "MEMEL". The other stamps are Lithuanian, one with overprint in Lithuanian and in German, the other without. The latter one was issued especially for postal use in the Klaipėda
1347:
came to power. As the status of the Memel Territory was regulated by international treaties, the Memel Territory became an oasis of democracy in Lithuania. Lithuanian intelligentsia often held marriages in Memel/Klaipėda, since Memel Territory was the only place in Lithuania where
2020:
Although maintaining that the Memel Territory in 1939 was re-annexed by Germany and acknowledging that Lithuania itself was occupied in 1940 by the Soviets, Lithuania, after regaining independence on 11 March 1990, did not restore autonomy to the Memel Territory.
1968:
At the end of the war, the majority of the inhabitants had fled to the West to settle in Germany. Still, in 1945–46 there were around 35,000 local inhabitants, both Prussian Lithuanians and Germans. The government of the Lithuanian SSR sent agitators into the
1584:
A Lithuanian census carried out in the region in 1925 found its total population was 141,000. Declared language was used to classify the inhabitants, and on this basis 43.5 percent were German, 27.6 percent were Lithuanian, and 25.2 percent were "Klaipėdan"
1947:
After Nazi Germany took over the area in 1939, many Lithuanians and their organizations began leaving Memel and the surrounding area. Memel was quickly turned into a fortified naval base by the Germans. After the failure of the German invasion of the
1119:
and then subsequently accused of siding with Polish civilian and military representatives. As a result of this backlash, Odry left his post shortly after coming to Memel and handed the responsibility of the administration over to High Commissioner
1110:
Following the evacuation of German troops from Memel, the French took over the temporary military administration of the region on 15 February 1920, under the leadership of General Dominique Odry. This was supplemented by a civilian one headed by
1363:
in Kaunas can be presented as the first anti-Nazi trial in Europe. Three members of the organizations were sentenced to death, and their leaders imprisoned. Following political and economic pressure from Germany, most were later released.
1716:
Until 1938, no governor was appointed from local Prussian Lithuanians. This policy led the Prussian Lithuanian intelligentsia and some local Germans to organise a society in 1934 to oppose Lithuanian rule. This group was soon dismantled.
1034:(from 1871, part of the German Empire), having remained unchanged since the Treaty of Melno in 1422, became a matter of discussion following World War I as the newly independent states of Poland and Lithuania emerged. The separatist
1794:
Memel Territory during the occupation period from 1923 to 1939 should emigrate. About 8,900 Lithuanians did so. At the same time, Germany expelled about 1,300 local Memel and Lithuanian Jews and about 40 Prussian Lithuanians.
1973:
to make promises to former inhabitants that they could return and their property would be restored. In the period of 1945–50 about 8,000 persons were repatriated. Bilingual Lithuanian-German returners were viewed as Germans.
1306:
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Algimantas P. Gureckas, Lithuania's Boundaries and Territorial Claims Between Lithuania and Neighboring States, New York Law School Journal of International and Comparative Law, 1991, Volume 12, Numbers 1 & 2, p.
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and ran southeasterly to the Neman. This border remained until 1918. After the Treaty of Melno was signed, many Lithuanians returned to northeastern Prussia, which became known as Lithuania Minor in the 16th century.
734:
ended in 1918, the Klaipėda Region was defined as a roughly triangular wedge, with the northern border being the Treaty of Melno border, the southern border following the Neman River, and on the west abutting the
1956:
and Memel was sealed. By October 1944, the inhabitants of the area, without ethnic distinction, had to make a decision whether to stay or leave. Nearly all of the population was evacuated from the approaching
1106:
is in large parts German is no justification for maintaining the district under German sovereignty, particularly from the view of the fact that the port of Memel is the only sea outlet for Lithuania
1684:
739:. In 1923, fearing that the western powers would create a free state, Lithuanians took control of the region and, as part of larger regional negotiations, incorporated the region into the
1985:. People who remained in the former Memel territory were dismissed from their jobs. Families of notable local Lithuanians, who had opposed German parties before the war, were deported to
1258:, declared themselves "Memellanders/Klaipėdiškiai" in the official census (see below for demographic information) and did not want to belong to a Lithuanian national state due to strong
1154:
in Germany, and the French administration in Memel did not take any significant counteractive measures against the rebels. On 19 January, the territory was annexed by Lithuania, and the
1065:. The purpose was to give the lower part of the Neman River and its delta, which was located in Germany and called the Memel River, to Lithuania, as this would provide her access to the
2396:
reveal the actual distribution of roles between the Lithuanian Riflemen's Union, the Lithuanian Government and the Lithuanian Army in the case of the occupation of the Memel territory."
1753:
By late 1938, Lithuania had lost control of the situation in the Territory. In the early hours of 23 March 1939, after an oral ultimatum had caused a Lithuanian delegation to travel to
2005:
historically were concentrated in these regions, and some remain to this day. Only a few thousand are left. Their continued emigration is facilitated by the fact they are considered
622:
until a future date, when the people of these regions would be allowed to vote on whether the land would return to Germany or not. Today, the former Memel Territory is controlled by
1317:(at first F. Gregor, elected in 1927, succeeded by O. Obereiniger, elected by the regional synod in 1933). The Catholic parishes in the Klaipėda Region used to belong to the
1238:
agreed "as a sign of the friendly nature of their relations" to conclude, among other items, a border settlement agreement that included the status of the Memel Territory.
726:
Mother Tongues of East Prussia, according to the 1905 Census; Memelland is visible in the far north of East Prussia, with Lithuanian-speakers indicated by shades of green
1724:
Lithuania introduced a hard-line Lithuanisation campaign that led to even deeper antagonism between local Prussian Lithuanians, Memellanders, Germans and newcomers.
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At the start of the 1930s, certain leaders and members of pro-Nazi organizations in the region were put on trial by Lithuania "for crimes of terrorism". The 1934–5
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1124:. During the period of French administration, the idea of an independent state of Memelland grew in popularity among local inhabitants. The organisation
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congregations, the mostly Lutheran congregations (and a single Reformed one in Klaipėda) in the Klaipėda Region were disentangled from the old-Prussian
1900:
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in the interwar period, there can be little doubt that such a referendum would have been in favour of Germany. In fact, the area had been annexed from
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to Poland, Königsberg should be declared a free city, and the remaining part should be attached to Lithuania which would be controlled by Poland."
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in 1921. The French Administration proved problematic, as they were accused by the Lithuanian population of siding too closely with the pro-German
1882:
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in the late 1800s. According to the Lithuanian point of view, Memellanders were viewed as Germanized Lithuanians who should be re-Lithuanized.
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451:
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counties. The southern border established by the Treaty of Versailles defines the current international boundary between Lithuania and the
1132:, which later should return to Germany. It had 30,000 members, both ethnic Germans and Lithuanians, or about 21% of the total population.
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1589:). Other sources give the interwar ethnic composition as 41.9 percent German, 27.1 percent Memeländisch, and 26.6 percent Lithuanian.
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92:
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2444:"Memellander/Klaipėdiškiai Identity and German-Lithuanian Relations in Lithuania Minor in the Nineteenth and Twentieth centuries"
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ratification. The United Kingdom and France, as after the revolt of 1923, took no action. It was under these conditions that the
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under the administration of the Council of Ambassadors, and French troops were sent for protection. The German delegation at the
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1085:
883:
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Duchy of Prussia, a sovereign state in personal union with Brandenburg, a fief of the Holy Roman Empire (together also called
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1146:
On 9 January 1923, three years after the Versailles Treaty had become effective, Lithuania occupied the territory during the
2881:
Marjorie M. Whiteman, ed., Digest of International Law, Department of State Publication 7737, 1964, Vol.3, p. 315 & 316.
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1926:
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The local parliament had 29 seats, one for every 5,000 inhabitants. Men and women over the age of 23 had the right to vote.
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174:
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in exchange for a Lithuanian Free Zone for 99 years in the port of Memel, using the facilities erected in previous years.
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231:
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1189:
814:
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2487:, Breslau: Marcus, 1930, (Abhandlungen aus dem Staats- und Verwaltungsrecht sowie aus dem Völkerrecht, No. 44), p. 82.
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1211:
840:
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2474:
According to the pre-war Lithuanian view, the Memellanders were Germanised Lithuanians who should be re-Lithuanised.
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Still, the reunion with Germany was welcomed by the majority of the population, both by Germans and by Memelanders.
1787:
was forced to approve the treaty, hoping that Germany would not press any other territorial demands upon Lithuania.
1340:
1332:
The government of Lithuania faced considerable opposition from the region's autonomous institutions, among them the
822:
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80:
1309:(Landessynodalverband Memelgebiet) since, being ranked an old-Prussian ecclesiastical province of its own. An own
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Ethnic groups and population changes in twentieth-century Central-Eastern Europe: history, data, and analysis
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There was also a strong denominational difference since about 95% of the inhabitants of Lithuania Minor were
1089:
1069:, while Lithuania itself should be part of Poland. These ideas were supported by the French prime minister,
2147:
Tr.: The majority of Prussian Lithuanians did not even want to talk about unification with poor Lithuania.
1150:, mainly by militias that had entered the region from Lithuania. At the same time, France had started the
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of Lithuania wanted the border to be coextensive with the Neman River, the treaty border started north of
2010:
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445:
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Joachim Tauber: Das Memelgebiet (1919–1944) in der deutschen und litauischen Historiographie nach 1945
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were legitimized. Thus, Lithuanian opposition to Smetona's regime was also based in Memel Territory.
906:
17:
2927:
2035:
1376:
803:
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1998:
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based on family history illustrated the centuries-old German–Lithuanian relations in the region.
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would possess lands taken beyond the Masovian border in exchange for securing Masovia. After
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344:
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1058:
1039:
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254:
2731:"Didlietuviai: an example of committee of Lithuanian organizations activities (1934–1939)"
2145:
Apie norą susijungti su nuskurdusia Lietuva daugumai lietuvininkų negalėjo būti nė kalbos.
8:
1326:
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643:
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they started to nestle themselves with much more known for them German national identity
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in 1935. The accused claimed that the Klaipėda Region should be part of Germany, not
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126:
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since the 13th century, and even many Lithuanian-speakers, regarding themselves as
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894:
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457:
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until 28 January 1945. After its capture, only six people were found in the city.
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1962:
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1298:
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954:
759:. Since 1990, the area of the Klaipėda Region has formed part of the independent
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679:
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in 1242 through 1274 failed, the Order conquered many remaining western Balts in
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Die Rolle des Schützenbundes Litauens bei der Besetzung des Memelgebietes 1923
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2002:
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In 1920, according to the Treaty of Versailles, the German area north of the
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1994:
1982:
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1940:
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984:
752:
610:. The Memel Territory, together with other areas severed from Germany (the
595:
129:
113:
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came to an end in 1945, the Soviet Union incorporated the region into the
506:
2939:
German translation of the Commission Report to the Council of Ambassadors
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In March 1939 the majority of Memellanders greeted the reunion with the
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1913:
1196: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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in 1920 and refers to the northernmost part of the German province of
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2853:"Dabar jų yra vos keli tūkstančiai." Tr.: Only a few thousand remain.
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where the Dangė river flows into the Neman, at the north end of the
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2419:[The Secret of the Woldemaras Minutes of 29 January 1928]
1275:
Agreement concerning the Evangelical Church of the Klaipėda Region
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1986:
1961:, but the city itself was defended by the German army during the
1776:
naval ship and at dawn sailed into Memel to celebrate the return
1031:
522:
2088:
The Law and Practice of International Territorial Administration
1158:
was eventually confirmed by the Council of Ambassadors in 1924.
2894:
2417:"Das Geheimnis um das Woldemaras-Protokoll vom 29. Januar 1928"
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1128:(German-Lithuanian homeland federation) promoted the idea of a
538:
518:
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1855:
Jonas Polovinskas-Budrys (27 October 1924 – 8 November 1925)
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immediately protested this decision, stating on 9 May 1919:
2550:
1671:
1908:
Transitional Commissioner for the Integration of Memelland
1375:
See also the results of the January 1919 elections to the
1101:
To this claim, the Allied Powers responded the following:
698:. In 1422, after centuries of conflict, the Order and the
2711:
1993:
expelled 3,500 people from the former Memel Territory to
1704:, and spread propaganda, prepared for an armed uprising.
1283:
Abkommen betr. die evangelische Kirche des Memelgebietes
1234:) of 29 January 1928, the Republic of Lithuania and the
1767:
Treaty of the Cession of the Memel Territory to Germany
1321:
until 1926 and were then disentangled, forming the new
2998:
1053:
The division of Prussia was also promoted by Poland's
2485:
Verträge zwischen Staat und Kirche im Deutschen Reich
2200:
1161:
1026:
of emergency money from 1922 issued and used in Memel
112:
Historical map of Memelland and the northern part of
2001:
Russians. However, the minority Prussian Lithuanian
1977:
The few remaining ethnic Germans were then forcibly
856:
Timeline with changes of control over the territory
2061:
1922 Republic of Central Lithuania general election
1307:Regional Synodal Federation of the Memel Territory
1352:was in use, in the rest of Lithuania only church
3199:
2946:German translation of Vygantas Vareikis' thesis
2531:"Memelgebiet: Wahl zur Nationalversammlung 1919"
2048:Lithuanian–Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
1981:, with most opting to flee to what would become
1845:, Lithuania (24 February 1923 – 27 October 1924)
1269:while more than 90% of Greater Lithuanians were
1242:government of Lithuania in the interwar period.
39:
2013:. No property restoration was performed by the
1661:Evangelical Lutheran 95%, Roman Catholic (1925)
1313:in Klaipėda was established in 1927, led by a
3258:States and territories disestablished in 1923
2984:
2498:"Memelgebiet: Übersicht der Wahlen 1919–1935"
1839:(acting; 19 February 1923 – 24 February 1923)
1757:, the Lithuanian Minister of Foreign Affairs
602:, it was put under the administration of the
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2847:
2821:
2225:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1291:Evangelical Church of the old-Prussian Union
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1038:was signed by a few pro-Lithuanian-oriented
53:
821:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3238:States and territories established in 1920
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618:), was to remain under the control of the
106:
2829:"Trys knygos apie lietuvininkų tragediją"
2787:
2712:"Lrytas.lt naujienos – sužinoti daugiau!"
2459:
2435:
2362:The American Journal of International Law
2355:
2233:
1931:
1368:Election results for the local parliament
1285:) of 23 July 1925, concluded between the
1212:Learn how and when to remove this message
841:Learn how and when to remove this message
2928:Map of languages in East Prussia in 1900
2441:
2271:The Slavonic and Eastern European Review
2264:
2197:Nuotrupos iš Mažosios Lietuvos istorijos
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1935:
1822:, France (1 May 1921 – 19 February 1923)
1816:, France (15 February 1920 – 1 May 1921)
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1303:Ecclesiastical Province of East Prussia
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747:and transferred the Klaipėda Region to
676:uprisings of the Baltic Prussian tribes
14:
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2722:
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2551:Piotr Eberhardt; Jan Owsinski (2003).
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2544:
2199:Retrieved 2007, 12–59; excerpted from
2178:
2162:[The Memel Region: Overview].
2079:
1677:In the 1930s, a novel by local author
1135:
1042:in 1918, demanding the unification of
884:Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights
637:
2972:
2298:
2085:
1772:Hitler had anticipated this aboard a
302:2,657 km (1,026 sq mi)
3006:
2688:[The Case of Neumann-Sass].
2294:
2292:
1897:(15 October 1936 – 12 December 1938)
1885:(25 November 1933 – 5 February 1935)
1194:adding citations to reliable sources
1165:
819:adding citations to reliable sources
786:
662:. In March 1226, Holy Roman Emperor
2541:
2203:Mažosios Lietuvos kultūros pėdsakai
1891:(5 February 1935 – 15 October 1936)
1727:
1579:
710:and Lithuania. Although Grand Duke
474:(Poland 1454/1466 – 1772)
24:
2999:Places adjacent to Klaipėda Region
2599:
2514:
2356:Kalijarvi, Thorsten (April 1936).
1927:Directorate of the Klaipėda Region
1903:(12 December 1938 – 22 March 1939)
1734:1939 German ultimatum to Lithuania
1287:Directorate of the Klaipėda Region
1162:Autonomous region within Lithuania
25:
3269:
2888:
2461:10.15388/SocMintVei.2001.1-2.7233
2289:
1867:(1 August 1926 – 1 November 1927)
1861:(8 November 1925 – 1 August 1926)
1709:Territory. People were sent from
1334:Parliament of the Klaipėda Region
1323:Territorial Prelature of Klaipėda
886:(also Monastic State of Prussia)
690:. In 1252, the Order constructed
646:requested assistance against the
3253:1920 disestablishments in Europe
3223:History of Lithuania (1918–1940)
3145:
3133:
3120:
3107:
3095:
3079:
3070:
3062:
3045:
3029:
3016:
2893:
2265:Stephens, David (January 1936).
1879:(19 May 1932 – 25 November 1933)
1170:
1088:, under the leadership of Count
939:Kingdom of Prussia, part of the
791:
410:
405:
362:
337:
91:
79:
3218:Historical geography of Germany
3213:Historical regions in Lithuania
2875:
2865:
2831:(in Lithuanian). Archived from
2800:
2761:
2704:
2690:Mažosios Lietuvos enciklopedija
2677:
2659:
2634:
2608:
2593:
2575:
2523:
2508:
2490:
2477:
2448:Sociologija. Mintis Ir Veiksmas
2408:
2388:
2205:. Vilnius: Mintis. p. 24.
2068:, the capital city of Lithuania
1916:(23 March 1939 – 30 April 1939)
1873:(1 November 1927 – 19 May 1932)
1696:in Europe, which took place in
1295:church of united administration
1181:needs additional citations for
706:which defined a border between
2616:"Das Memelgebiet im Überblick"
2583:"Das Memelgebiet im Überblick"
2349:
2331:
2258:
2201:Šilas, V., Sambora H. (1990).
2152:
1920:
1231:Schieds- und Vergleichsvertrag
1126:Deutsch-Litauischer Heimatbund
899:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
436:(pre – 13th century)
430:(983 – 12th century)
13:
1:
3248:1920 establishments in Europe
3096:
3046:
2920:STATUT DU TERRITOIRE DE MEMEL
2915:Local heritage book Memelland
2299:Grade, John A. (March 1924).
2267:"The German Problem in Memel"
2072:
2055:Republic of Central Lithuania
2031:Areas annexed by Nazi Germany
1090:Ulrich von Brockdorff-Rantzau
175:Presidents of the Directorate
3071:
3063:
2735:Lietuvos istorijos metraštis
2160:"Das Memelgebiet: Überblick"
1802:
1548:Unified German Election List
279:• Annexed by Lithuania
7:
2808:"Nesėkmės Klaipėdos krašte"
2024:
2011:Federal Republic of Germany
1797:
1761:and his German counterpart
1411:("Social Democratic Party")
1061:who acted on the orders of
782:
743:. In March 1939, Lithuania
682:, including the Skalvians,
10:
3274:
3243:League of Nations mandates
2017:for owners prior to 1945.
1924:
1731:
1551:Greater Lithuania Parties
1139:
1030:The eastern boundaries of
745:acquiesced to Nazi demands
670:, which provided that the
590:) was defined by the 1919
468:Prince-Bishopric of Warmia
440:Margraviate of Brandenburg
3004:
2119:Arnašius, Helmut (2002).
1572:
1569:
1561:
1558:
1550:
1547:
1361:trial of Neumann and Sass
1341:December 1926 coup d'état
855:
378:
316:
306:
296:
291:
287:
277:
264:
251:
247:
237:
227:
223:
211:
199:
187:
183:
173:
163:
145:
135:
121:
105:
75:
70:
34:
2483:Cf. Ernst Rudolf Huber,
2415:Seewald, Enrico (2019).
2339:"Odry, Dominique-Joseph"
2096:10.1017/CBO9780511585937
2036:Memel Agricultural Party
1833:Jonas Polovinskas-Budrys
1080:was given the status of
2301:"The Memel Controversy"
2086:Stahn, Carsten (2008).
1971:displaced persons camps
700:Polish–Lithuanian union
492:(1918 – 1947)
486:(1701 – 1918)
480:(1618 – 1701)
460:(1525 – 1618)
454:(1356 – 1806)
448:(1224 – 1525)
2684:Gliožaitis, Algirdas.
2667:"Museums of Lithuania"
2646:www.worldstatesmen.org
2401:8 January 2007 at the
2358:"The Problem of Memel"
2251:8 January 2007 at the
2121:"Vokiečiai Klaipėdoje"
1944:
1943:in Memel in March 1939
1932:World War II and after
1763:Joachim von Ribbentrop
1750:
1705:
1393:("Agricultural Party")
1315:general superintendent
1282:
1230:
1152:Occupation of the Ruhr
1108:
1099:
1086:Paris Peace Conference
1027:
1008:Republic of Lithuania
965:Council of Ambassadors
727:
608:Council of Ambassadors
583:
571:
559:
545:(1947–1952, from 1990)
515:(1920–1939, from 1945)
472:Royal (Polish) Prussia
452:Elector of Brandenburg
54:
40:
2902:at Wikimedia Commons
2686:"Neumanno-Sasso byla"
2442:Vareikis, V. (2001).
2405:Retrieved 2007, 13–04
2255:Retrieved 2007, 19–52
2015:Republic of Lithuania
1939:
1814:Dominique Joseph Odry
1741:
1687:
1391:Landwirtschaftspartei
1103:
1094:
1022:
975:Republic of Lithuania
951:Free State of Prussia
761:Republic of Lithuania
725:
668:Golden Bull of Rimini
556:
527:Recovered Territories
490:Free State of Prussia
424:(965 – 983)
345:Free State of Prussia
146:Common languages
55:Memelland/Memelgebiet
3233:Treaty of Versailles
3228:Geography of Prussia
2835:on 27 September 2006
2745:on 27 September 2007
2125:Mokslas Ir Gyvenimas
1877:Vytautas Jonas Gylys
1820:Gabriel Jean Petisné
1459:Others 9.0%: 2 seats
1319:Bishopric of Ermland
1190:improve this article
1122:Gabriel Jean Petisné
1113:Gabriel Jean Petisné
1040:Prussian Lithuanians
1015:Treaty of Versailles
815:improve this section
658:who lived along the
592:Treaty of Versailles
255:Treaty of Versailles
27:Area of East Prussia
3180: /
2729:Pocytė, S. (2003).
1745:Avenue was renamed
1407:Sozialdemokratische
1377:Nationalversammlung
1327:Justinas Staugaitis
1226:Klaipėda Convention
1136:Lithuanian takeover
1130:Freistaat Memelland
1082:Territoire de Memel
919:Brandenburg-Prussia
660:Neman (Memel) River
644:Konrad I of Masovia
638:Historical overview
478:Brandenburg-Prussia
464:Malbork Voivodeship
428:Lutician federation
3153:Kaliningrad Oblast
3128:Kaliningrad Oblast
3115:Kaliningrad Oblast
2959:Hitler in Klaipėda
2775:on 13 January 2007
2769:"Memel – Klaipeda"
2425:Annaberger Annalen
2384:– via JSTOR.
2327:– via JSTOR.
2285:– via JSTOR.
1945:
1865:Karolis Žalkauskas
1808:High Commissioners
1751:
1706:
1402:("People's Party")
1248:Lithuanian kingdom
1117:Landes Directorium
1071:Georges Clemenceau
1044:Prussian Lithuania
1028:
930:Kingdom of Prussia
777:Russian Federation
773:Kaliningrad Oblast
741:State of Lithuania
728:
560:
533:Kaliningrad Oblast
484:Kingdom of Prussia
273:10–15 January 1923
3184:55.450°N 21.400°E
3163:
3162:
3158:
3157:
2898:Media related to
2568:978-0-7656-0665-5
2246:Vygantas Vareikis
2127:(in Lithuanian).
2105:978-0-521-87800-5
1889:Vladas Kurkauskas
1827:Plenipotentiaries
1743:President Smetona
1667:
1666:
1577:
1576:
1436:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1412:
1403:
1394:
1222:
1221:
1214:
1012:
1011:
901:(with Prussia in
851:
850:
843:
620:League of Nations
572:Klaipėdos kraštas
551:
550:
388:
387:
374:
373:
370:
369:
350:
349:
201:• 1921–1923
189:• 1920–1921
168:Special territory
127:League of Nations
41:Klaipėdos kraštas
16:(Redirected from
3265:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3099:
3098:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3074:
3073:
3066:
3065:
3049:
3048:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3007:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2970:
2969:
2960:
2954:
2943:
2935:
2924:
2911:
2897:
2882:
2879:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2860:
2854:
2851:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2840:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2804:
2798:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2771:. Archived from
2765:
2759:
2758:
2752:
2750:
2741:. Archived from
2726:
2720:
2719:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2620:www.gonschior.de
2612:
2606:
2605:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2587:www.gonschior.de
2579:
2573:
2572:
2548:
2539:
2538:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2494:
2488:
2481:
2475:
2473:
2463:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2422:
2412:
2406:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2343:Das Bundesarchiv
2335:
2329:
2328:
2317:10.2307/20028310
2296:
2287:
2286:
2262:
2256:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2224:
2216:
2195:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2142:
2140:
2131:. Archived from
2116:
2110:
2109:
2083:
1901:Viktoras Gailius
1728:German ultimatum
1679:Ieva Simonaitytė
1592:
1591:
1580:Demographic data
1432:
1427:
1422:
1418:(Worker's Party)
1415:
1406:
1397:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1297:of Lutheran and
1273:. Following the
1233:
1217:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1197:
1174:
1166:
1048:Lithuania proper
897:, a fief of the
895:Duchy of Prussia
853:
852:
846:
839:
835:
832:
826:
795:
787:
672:Teutonic Knights
654:, including the
509:area (from 1918)
458:Duchy of Prussia
414:
409:
390:
389:
366:
365:
354:
353:
341:
340:
334:
333:
318:
317:
218:Erdmann Simoneit
206:Wilhelm Steputat
194:Arthur Altenberg
125:Territory under
110:
95:
83:
65:
57:
51:
43:
32:
31:
21:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3208:Klaipėda Region
3198:
3197:
3188:
3186:
3182:
3179:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3159:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3134:
3132:
3121:
3119:
3108:
3106:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3068:Klaipėda Region
3030:
3028:
3017:
3015:
3000:
2997:
2958:
2952:
2941:
2933:
2922:
2909:
2891:
2886:
2885:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2866:
2861:
2857:
2852:
2848:
2838:
2836:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2812:
2810:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2792:
2788:
2778:
2776:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2748:
2746:
2727:
2723:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2695:
2693:
2692:(in Lithuanian)
2682:
2678:
2671:www.muziejai.lt
2665:
2664:
2660:
2650:
2648:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2625:
2623:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2598:
2594:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2569:
2549:
2542:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2513:
2509:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2482:
2478:
2440:
2436:
2420:
2413:
2409:
2403:Wayback Machine
2393:
2389:
2374:10.2307/2191087
2354:
2350:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2305:Foreign Affairs
2297:
2290:
2263:
2259:
2253:Wayback Machine
2238:
2234:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2194:(in Lithuanian)
2193:
2183:
2179:
2169:
2167:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2138:
2136:
2117:
2113:
2106:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2050:(A.K.A. Litbel)
2027:
2007:German citizens
1989:. In 1951, the
1963:Battle of Memel
1934:
1929:
1923:
1895:Jurgis Kubilius
1843:Antanas Smetona
1805:
1800:
1736:
1730:
1582:
1573:12.8%: 4 seats
1570:87.2%: 25 seats
1562:18.8%: 5 seats
1559:81.2%: 24 seats
1540:19.7%: 5 seats
1522:37.1%: 11 seats
1514:22.7%: 5 seats
1496:31.8%: 10 seats
1488:13.6%: 4 seats
1473:32.7%: 10 seats
1470:33.6%: 10 seats
1447:36.9%: 11 seats
1444:38.1%: 11 seats
1434:
1423:Communist Party
1417:
1410:
1408:
1401:
1399:
1392:
1390:
1370:
1345:Antanas Smetona
1305:and formed the
1236:Weimar Republic
1218:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1187:
1175:
1164:
1148:Klaipėda Revolt
1144:
1142:Klaipėda Revolt
1138:
1063:Józef Piłsudski
1017:
955:Weimar Republic
847:
836:
830:
827:
812:
796:
785:
704:Treaty of Melno
680:Lithuania Minor
640:
576:Memel Territory
564:Klaipėda Region
513:Klaipėda Region
363:
358:Klaipėda County
338:
299:
283:19 January 1923
280:
270:
268:Klaipėda Revolt
260:10 January 1919
257:
242:Interwar period
214:
202:
190:
156:
152:
117:
101:
100:
99:
96:
88:
87:
84:
66:
59:
52:
45:
37:
36:Klaipėda Region
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3271:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3189:55.450; 21.400
3161:
3160:
3156:
3155:
3130:
3117:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3076:
3061:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3026:
3013:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2996:
2995:
2988:
2981:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2955:
2944:
2936:
2925:
2917:
2912:
2890:
2889:External links
2887:
2884:
2883:
2874:
2864:
2855:
2846:
2820:
2799:
2786:
2760:
2721:
2703:
2676:
2658:
2633:
2607:
2592:
2574:
2567:
2561:. p. 40.
2540:
2522:
2507:
2489:
2476:
2434:
2407:
2387:
2348:
2330:
2288:
2257:
2232:
2211:
2177:
2151:
2135:on 31 May 2008
2111:
2104:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2044:
2038:
2033:
2026:
2023:
1991:Lithuanian SSR
1933:
1930:
1925:Main article:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1917:
1905:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1871:Antanas Merkys
1868:
1862:
1856:
1847:
1846:
1840:
1824:
1823:
1817:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1779:heim ins Reich
1749:Street in 1939
1732:Main article:
1729:
1726:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1646:141,645 (1930)
1643:
1642:
1640:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1599:
1596:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1525:27.2%: 8 seats
1523:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1502:13.8%: 4 seats
1500:
1499:27.6%: 8 seats
1497:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1476:10.1%: 3 seats
1474:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1450:16.0%: 5 seats
1448:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1435:People's Party
1430:
1425:
1420:
1416:Arbeiterpartei
1413:
1404:
1395:
1386:
1369:
1366:
1350:civil marriage
1325:under Prelate
1256:East Prussians
1252:monastic state
1220:
1219:
1178:
1176:
1169:
1163:
1160:
1140:Main article:
1137:
1134:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1002:
1001:
997:, part of the
995:Lithuanian SSR
992:
988:
987:
982:
978:
977:
972:
968:
967:
962:
958:
957:
948:
944:
943:
937:
933:
932:
927:
923:
922:
915:
911:
910:
903:personal union
892:
888:
887:
880:Livonian Order
877:
873:
872:
862:
858:
857:
849:
848:
799:
797:
790:
784:
781:
757:Lithuanian SSR
642:In 1226, Duke
639:
636:
549:
548:
547:
546:
536:
530:
516:
510:
501:
500:
496:
495:
494:
493:
487:
481:
475:
461:
455:
449:
446:Teutonic Order
443:
437:
431:
425:
422:Northern March
416:
415:
402:
401:
386:
385:
380:
376:
375:
372:
371:
368:
367:
360:
351:
348:
347:
342:
330:
329:
324:
314:
313:
308:
304:
303:
300:
297:
294:
293:
289:
288:
285:
284:
281:
278:
275:
274:
271:
265:
262:
261:
258:
252:
249:
248:
245:
244:
239:
238:Historical era
235:
234:
229:
225:
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97:
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68:
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38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3270:
3259:
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2716:www.lrytas.lt
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2600:Cahoon, Ben.
2596:
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2515:cahoon, ben.
2511:
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2471:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2438:
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2427:(in German).
2426:
2418:
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2400:
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2254:
2250:
2247:
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2236:
2228:
2222:
2214:
2212:5-417-00367-0
2208:
2204:
2198:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2148:
2134:
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2107:
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2097:
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2042:
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2034:
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2029:
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2022:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1972:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1942:
1938:
1928:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1883:Jonas Navakas
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1844:
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1838:
1834:
1831:
1830:
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1828:
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1809:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1759:Juozas Urbšys
1756:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1725:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1712:
1703:
1699:
1695:
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1657:
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1597:
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1590:
1588:
1566:
1565:
1555:
1554:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1531:8.2%: 3 seats
1530:
1528:7.8%: 2 seats
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1505:4.2%: 2 seats
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1482:7.2%: 2 seats
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1414:
1405:
1398:Memeländische
1396:
1389:Memeländische
1387:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1373:
1365:
1362:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1346:
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1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1261:
1260:Germanisation
1257:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1216:
1213:
1205:
1195:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1179:This section
1177:
1173:
1168:
1167:
1159:
1157:
1156:fait accompli
1153:
1149:
1143:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1114:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1055:Roman Dmowski
1051:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1036:Act of Tilsit
1033:
1025:
1021:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1000:
996:
993:
990:
989:
986:
983:
980:
979:
976:
973:
970:
969:
966:
963:
960:
959:
956:
952:
949:
946:
945:
942:
941:German Empire
938:
935:
934:
931:
928:
925:
924:
920:
916:
913:
912:
908:
904:
900:
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890:
889:
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881:
878:
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874:
870:
866:
863:
860:
859:
854:
845:
842:
834:
824:
820:
816:
810:
809:
805:
800:This section
798:
794:
789:
788:
780:
778:
774:
770:
766:
763:, as part of
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
733:
724:
720:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
696:Curonian Spit
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
652:Baltic tribes
649:
645:
635:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
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569:
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531:
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520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
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502:
498:
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491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
476:
473:
469:
465:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:
435:
434:Old Prussians
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
419:
418:
417:
413:
408:
404:
403:
400:
396:
392:
391:
384:
381:
379:Today part of
377:
361:
359:
356:
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352:
346:
343:
336:
335:
332:
331:
328:
325:
323:
320:
319:
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309:
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263:
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216:
210:
207:
204:
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186:
182:
178:
176:
172:
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166:
162:
159:
155:
151:
148:
144:
141:
138:
134:
131:
128:
124:
120:
115:
109:
104:
94:
82:
74:
69:
63:
56:
49:
42:
33:
30:
19:
3165:
3067:
2948:
2892:
2877:
2867:
2858:
2849:
2837:. Retrieved
2833:the original
2823:
2811:. Retrieved
2802:
2789:
2777:. Retrieved
2773:the original
2763:
2754:
2747:. Retrieved
2743:the original
2738:
2734:
2724:
2715:
2706:
2694:. Retrieved
2689:
2679:
2670:
2661:
2649:. Retrieved
2645:
2636:
2624:. Retrieved
2619:
2610:
2595:
2586:
2577:
2553:
2537:(in German).
2535:Gonschior.de
2534:
2525:
2510:
2504:(in German).
2502:Gonschior.de
2501:
2492:
2484:
2479:
2451:
2447:
2437:
2428:
2424:
2410:
2390:
2365:
2361:
2351:
2342:
2333:
2308:
2304:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2235:
2202:
2180:
2168:. Retrieved
2164:gonschior.de
2163:
2154:
2144:
2137:. Retrieved
2133:the original
2128:
2124:
2114:
2087:
2081:
2019:
1995:East Germany
1983:West Germany
1976:
1967:
1954:East Prussia
1952:the fate of
1946:
1941:Adolf Hitler
1907:
1906:
1859:Jonas Žilius
1849:
1848:
1826:
1825:
1807:
1806:
1792:
1789:
1777:
1774:Kriegsmarine
1771:
1766:
1752:
1747:Adolf Hitler
1723:
1719:
1715:
1707:
1676:
1668:
1652:24.2% (1925)
1601:
1587:Memeländisch
1586:
1583:
1374:
1371:
1358:
1338:
1331:
1302:
1274:
1264:
1244:
1240:
1223:
1208:
1199:
1188:Please help
1183:verification
1180:
1155:
1145:
1129:
1125:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1081:
1075:
1052:
1029:
1005:1990–present
999:Soviet Union
909:since 1618)
837:
828:
813:Please help
801:
753:World War II
729:
692:Memel Castle
664:Frederick II
641:
599:
596:East Prussia
587:
575:
563:
561:
512:
327:Succeeded by
326:
321:
298:• Total
213:• 1923
114:East Prussia
98:Coat of arms
29:
3187: /
2953:(in German)
2942:(in German)
2934:(in German)
2923:(in French)
2910:(in German)
2813:24 February
2696:12 February
2651:21 December
2642:"Lithuania"
2626:21 December
2622:(in German)
2602:"Lithuania"
2559:M.E. Sharpe
2517:"Lithuania"
2277:(41): 325.
2241:anti-German
2166:(in German)
2139:14 November
2003:Protestants
1921:Directorate
1765:signed the
1690:first trial
1637:Evangelical
1602:Memelandish
1400:Volkspartei
1078:Memel river
907:Brandenburg
732:World War I
702:signed the
688:Yotvingians
666:issued the
626:as part of
598:, when, as
588:Memelgebiet
543:Brandenburg
535:(from 1945)
529:(from 1945)
442:(1157–1618)
395:Brandenburg
393:History of
322:Preceded by
228:Legislature
3202:Categories
3057:Baltic Sea
3011:Baltic Sea
2431:: 112–113.
2368:(2): 205.
2311:(3): 412.
2190:Insterburg
2073:References
1914:Erich Koch
1639:Christians
1606:Lithuanian
1595:Population
1433:Lithuanian
1339:After the
1311:consistory
1067:Baltic Sea
1059:Versailles
953:, part of
737:Baltic Sea
684:Nadruvians
650:and other
634:counties.
568:Lithuanian
311:Papiermark
164:Government
158:Lithuanian
154:Low German
130:protection
48:Lithuanian
3141:Lithuania
3087:Lithuania
3037:Lithuania
3024:Lithuania
2900:Memelland
2797:with joy.
2779:8 January
2470:1392-3358
2454:: 54–65.
2221:cite book
2186:Gumbinnen
1850:Governors
1837:Lithuania
1803:Governors
1713:instead.
1702:Lithuania
1354:marriages
1271:Catholics
1267:Lutherans
991:1945–1990
981:1939–1945
971:1923–1939
961:1920–1923
947:1918–1920
936:1871–1918
926:1701–1871
914:1657–1701
891:1525–1657
876:1252–1525
869:Scalovian
802:does not
716:Memelberg
656:Skalvians
648:Prussians
624:Lithuania
600:Memelland
584:Memelland
507:Działdowo
383:Lithuania
71:1919–1923
18:Memelland
2931:(larger)
2872:139-143.
2839:31 March
2399:Archived
2325:20028310
2249:Archived
2170:1 August
2041:Klaipėda
2025:See also
1999:Orthodox
1979:expelled
1959:Red Army
1798:Politics
1612:Religion
1299:Reformed
1289:and the
1202:May 2024
1024:Banknote
865:Curonian
861:pre-1252
831:May 2024
783:Timeline
765:Klaipėda
712:Vytautas
628:Klaipėda
307:Currency
232:Seimelis
140:Klaipėda
3175:21°24′E
3172:55°27′N
2964:YouTube
2382:2191087
2283:4203122
2066:Vilnius
2009:by the
1987:Siberia
1692:of the
1620:141,645
1615:Source
1250:to the
1224:In the
1097:Poland.
1032:Prussia
985:Germany
871:tribes
823:removed
808:sources
775:of the
769:Tauragė
749:Germany
708:Prussia
632:Tauragė
604:Entente
558:Region.
525:within
523:Masuria
499:Present
470:within
399:Prussia
266:•
253:•
136:Capital
3150:
3138:
3125:
3112:
3084:
3034:
3021:
2749:29 May
2565:
2468:
2380:
2323:
2281:
2209:
2102:
1785:Seimas
1755:Berlin
1711:Kaunas
1698:Kaunas
1598:German
1545:
1428:Others
1409:Partei
1279:German
730:After
686:, and
616:Danzig
580:German
539:Berlin
519:Warmia
179:
150:German
122:Status
62:German
58:
44:
2795:Reich
2421:(PDF)
2378:JSTOR
2321:JSTOR
2279:JSTOR
1694:Nazis
1655:26.5%
1649:45.2%
1629:26.6%
1626:27.1%
1623:41.9%
1609:other
1385:Year
1046:with
905:with
751:. As
574:) or
2841:2007
2815:2007
2781:2007
2751:2007
2698:2022
2653:2022
2628:2022
2563:ISBN
2466:ISSN
2227:link
2207:ISBN
2188:and
2172:2024
2141:2007
2100:ISBN
2059:The
2053:The
2046:The
2043:town
1950:USSR
1688:The
1672:Jews
1635:95%
1632:4.4%
1567:1938
1556:1935
1519:1932
1493:1930
1467:1927
1441:1925
1293:, a
882:and
867:and
806:any
804:cite
767:and
630:and
614:and
612:Saar
562:The
541:and
466:and
397:and
292:Area
86:Flag
2962:on
2456:doi
2452:1–2
2370:doi
2313:doi
2129:7–8
2092:doi
1192:by
1057:in
817:by
606:'s
586:or
3204::
2753:.
2737:.
2733:.
2714:.
2669:.
2644:.
2618:.
2585:.
2557:.
2543:^
2533:.
2500:.
2464:.
2450:.
2446:.
2429:27
2423:.
2376:.
2366:30
2364:.
2360:.
2341:.
2319:.
2307:.
2303:.
2291:^
2275:14
2273:.
2269:.
2223:}}
2219:{{
2143:.
2123:.
2098:.
2090:.
1835:,
1674:.
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1329:.
1281::
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921:)
779:.
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2843:.
2817:.
2783:.
2739:2
2718:.
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2655:.
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2604:.
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2571:.
2519:.
2472:.
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2372::
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2108:.
2094::
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1585:(
1537:—
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1453:—
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1209:(
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