213:
202:
190:
176:
162:
148:
97:
755:
791:
767:
re-establish the
Republic. I ask General de Gaulle to confer with the head of state and to examine with him what, in the framework of Republican legality, is necessary for the immediate formation of a government of national safety and what can be done, in a fairly short time, for a deep reform of our institutions." De Gaulle accepted Coty's proposal under the precondition that a new constitution would be introduced creating a powerful presidency in which a sole executive, the first of which was to be himself, ruled for seven-year periods. Another condition was that he be granted
2541:
2015:
125:
85:
136:
2026:
781:
The May 1958 crisis indicated that the Fourth
Republic by 1958 no longer had any support from the French army in Algeria, and was at its mercy even in civilian political matters. This decisive shift in the balance of power in civil-military relations in France in 1958 and the threat of force was the
766:
On 29 May
President René Coty told parliament that the nation was on the brink of civil war, so he was "turning towards the most illustrious of Frenchmen, towards the man who, in the darkest years of our history, was our chief for the reconquest of freedom and who refused dictatorship in order to
641:
to head a government of national union invested with extraordinary powers to prevent the "abandonment of
Algeria". Salan announced on radio that the Army had "provisionally taken over responsibility for the destiny of French Algeria". Under the pressure of Massu, Salan declared
620:
had returned to France to organize support for de Gaulle's return to power, while retaining close ties to the army and the settlers. By early 1958, he had organized a coup d'Ă©tat, bringing together dissident army officers and colonial officials with sympathetic
603:
of France, was being undermined by party politics. Army commanders chafed at what they took to be inadequate and incompetent government support of military efforts to end the war. The feeling was widespread that another debacle like that of
679:. "Operation Resurrection" was to be implemented if one of three scenarios occurred: if de Gaulle was not approved as leader of France by Parliament, if de Gaulle asked for military assistance to take power, or if it seemed that the
650:
At a 19 May press conference, de Gaulle asserted again that he was at the disposal of the country. When a journalist expressed the concerns of some who feared that he would violate civil liberties, de Gaulle retorted vehemently:
714:, a noted atheist, said, “I would rather vote for God,” as he would at least be more modest than de Gaulle. Mendès-France and Savary, opposed to their respective parties' support of de Gaulle, would form together, in 1960, the
646:
from the balcony of the
Algiers Government-General building on 15 May. De Gaulle answered two days later that he was ready to "assume the powers of the Republic". Many worried as they saw this answer as support for the army.
1198:
625:. On 13 May, right-wing elements seized power in Algiers and called for a Government of Public Safety under General de Gaulle. Massu became chairman of the Public Safety Committee and one of the leaders of the revolt.
892:
on 17 September 1958, recalling his will of national independence; he also took financial measures on 27 December 1958 to reduce the state deficit, and, in
Algeria, called for the "peace of the brave" (
858:
of France, not a colony) were given the choice between immediate independence and the new constitution. All colonies voted for the new constitution and the replacement of the French Union by the
815:
and was responsible for its overall framework, de Gaulle is sometimes described as the author of the constitution, although it was effectively drafted during the summer of 1958 by the
Gaullist
1498:
831:
regime – the
President being granted the responsibility of governing the Council of Ministers, as well as to the adoption of article 16, granting "extraordinary powers" to the president if a
276:
1205:
466:
1591:
2087:
655:
Have I ever done that? Quite the opposite, I have reestablished them when they had disappeared. Who honestly believes that, at age 67, I would start a career as a dictator?
842:
Although most politicians supported de Gaulle, Mitterrand, who opposed the new
Constitution, famously denounced "a permanent coup d'Ă©tat" in 1964. On 28 September 1958, a
759:
456:
476:
471:
1730:
269:
1757:
774:
De Gaulle's newly formed cabinet was approved by the
National Assembly on 1 June 1958, by 329 votes against 224, while he was granted the power to govern by
486:
1645:
866: – which thus became the first French African colony to gain independence, at the cost of the immediate cessation of all French assistance.
481:
441:
811:
De Gaulle blamed the institutions of the Fourth Republic for France's political weakness – a Gaullist reading still popular today. As he commissioned the
2575:
1503:
1436:
461:
451:
675:," which had as objectives the seizure of Paris and the removal of the French government, through the use of paratroopers and armoured forces based at
2615:
262:
2580:
707:
2242:
608:
was in the offing and that the government would order another overly precipitous pullout and sacrifice French honor to political expediency.
1809:
2482:
2353:
2062:
1596:
1988:
1088:
585:
Recurrent cabinet crises focused attention on the inherent instability of the Fourth Republic and increased the misgivings of the
2225:
1449:
1767:
1359:
775:
2600:
2373:
2311:
2157:
1874:
1774:
1328:
1309:
1290:
1269:
1181:
1145:
1118:
985:
843:
749:
2570:
1862:
1826:
446:
386:
2405:
2176:
2082:
1901:
716:
754:
2635:
1906:
2595:
2590:
2565:
2363:
2294:
2145:
1857:
1847:
1635:
1630:
1570:
741:
336:
2585:
2299:
2203:
1459:
920:
745:
722:
2605:
2323:
2115:
2055:
1972:
1852:
1677:
1044:
870:
735:
1821:
1735:
2640:
1608:
686:
Political leaders on many sides agreed to support the General's return to power with the notable exceptions of
2030:
1869:
1223:
2455:
2620:
1967:
878:
515:
366:
1519:
885:
2610:
2630:
2625:
2544:
2400:
2048:
1913:
1399:
1394:
1352:
1001:
630:
401:
381:
1492:
2220:
1998:
1682:
1650:
2460:
1918:
1687:
1544:
1416:
562:, commander of the Mediterranean fleet. The coup was supported by former Algerian Governor General
396:
316:
1620:
1404:
605:
371:
321:
306:
2435:
2378:
695:
2503:
2341:
2306:
2237:
2215:
1939:
1692:
1657:
1552:
905:
846:
took place and 79.2% of those who voted supported the new constitution and the creation of the
824:
812:
806:
699:
680:
672:
519:
426:
421:
351:
66:
17:
1236:
923:, a process in which the Turkish Armed Forces forced the Islamist prime minister out of office
687:
311:
2465:
2258:
2232:
2019:
1797:
1345:
1173:
914:
855:
847:
802:
790:
573:'s new government and to impose a change of policies in favor of the right-wing partisans of
523:
431:
346:
341:
180:
166:
152:
2247:
2181:
1814:
1725:
1441:
1304:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. pp. 70–79.
889:
356:
89:
1172:. The Greenwood histories of the modern nations. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. p.
8:
2508:
2252:
2186:
1950:
1944:
1558:
1384:
820:
600:
530:
who returned to power after a twelve-year absence. It started as a political uprising in
326:
234:
229:
1280:
2358:
1625:
1240:
1069:
1061:
910:
832:
768:
559:
543:
406:
376:
361:
331:
217:
195:
1473:
668:
2518:
2498:
2423:
2130:
2071:
1720:
1640:
1564:
1324:
1305:
1286:
1265:
1177:
1141:
1114:
1073:
1013:
981:
874:
794:
617:
563:
527:
206:
1166:
535:
2512:
2336:
2166:
2135:
2122:
1715:
1708:
1053:
859:
711:
110:
1762:
2428:
1614:
1466:
1135:
1009:
881:
828:
570:
301:
140:
816:
2475:
1804:
1428:
1411:
634:
596:
574:
551:
183:
2559:
2281:
1959:
1219:
941:
626:
555:
436:
169:
1226:
concerning the role of the King and the role of the President of the Council
2348:
2331:
1486:
1368:
1337:
1106:
851:
836:
703:
286:
1262:
France and the Algerian War, 1954 - 62: strategy, operations and diplomacy
638:
129:
2198:
1923:
1479:
1454:
1017:
676:
660:
591:
586:
547:
539:
155:
106:
102:
877:. He was inaugurated on 8 January 1959. In the meanwhile, de Gaulle had
778:
for a six-month period as well as the task to draft a new Constitution.
1065:
913:(establishing the pre-eminency of Parliament over the President in the
691:
1016:. In effect, by using this term Massu and Salan claimed to be the new
1513:
782:
main immediate factor in the return of de Gaulle to power in France.
2040:
1057:
667:
by aircraft, taking the French island in a bloodless action called "
2470:
1539:
1042:
Crozier, Brian; Mansell, Gerard (July 1960). "France and Algeria".
1005:
622:
1321:
France since 1870: culture, society and the making of the republic
23:
Political crisis in France during the Algerian War of Independence
1111:
The Fifth French Republic: presidents, politics and personalities
873:
and of the African and Malagasy Community on 21 December 1958 by
664:
531:
54:
1089:"Algeria, De Gaulle, and the Birth of the French Fifth Republic"
2368:
863:
511:
254:
124:
84:
50:
1993:
1282:
The general : Charles de Gaulle and the France he saved
729:
2525:
1835:
1323:(2nd ed.). Basingstoke New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
1031:« prêt à assumer les pouvoirs de la République »
946:
671:." Subsequently, preparations were made in Algeria for "
1260:
Alexander, Martin S.; Keiger, John F. V., eds. (2002).
637:'s demands that de Gaulle be named by French president
1137:
The General: Charles de Gaulle and the France He Saved
1041:
978:
The General: Charles De Gaulle and the France he saved
633:
formed to replace the civil authority and pressed the
1758:
1961 French referendum on Algerian self-determination
980:. London: Simon & Schuster. pp. 383–4, 389.
1004:" recalls the body of that name which acted as the
942:"Dien Bien Phu: Did the US offer France an A-bomb?"
720:(PSA, Socialist Autonomous Party), ancestor of the
569:The coup had as its aim to oppose the formation of
1204:(in French). charles-de-gaulle.org. Archived from
1165:
710:(SFIO)), and the Communist Party. The philosopher
819:. The draft followed closely the propositions in
2557:
1264:(1. publ ed.). London Portland, Or: Cass.
1259:
2056:
1427:
1353:
683:was making any move to take power in France.
518:(1954–1962) which led to the collapse of the
270:
1367:
1159:
1157:
708:French Section of the Workers' International
1190:
888:; he had sent a memorandum to US President
2063:
2049:
1360:
1346:
1235:
1093:History & Classics Student Scholarship
1008:executive government in France during the
595:(European Algerians) that the security of
534:on 13 May 1958 and then became a military
277:
263:
1989:Defectors from the French army to the ALN
1319:Sowerwine, Charles (2009). "Chapter 21".
1318:
1196:
1154:
730:De Gaulle's return to power (29 May 1958)
2616:Battles and conflicts without fatalities
1140:. Skyhorse Publishing Inc. p. 396.
789:
753:
2581:Military operations of the Algerian War
1299:
971:
969:
967:
965:
785:
2558:
1086:
2070:
2044:
1875:Memorial to the Liberation of Algeria
1341:
1278:
1163:
1133:
1105:
975:
750:1958 French constitutional referendum
258:
2576:1950s coups d'Ă©tat and coup attempts
2483:Things named after Charles de Gaulle
2025:
1197:De Gaulle, Charles (June 16, 1946).
962:
884:on 14 September 1958 at his home in
616:After his tour as Governor General,
2406:Union of Democrats for the Republic
13:
1253:
16:For the failed military coup, see
14:
2652:
2146:French Military Mission to Poland
1571:Massacre of 14 July 1953 in Paris
742:1958 French presidential election
2540:
2539:
2024:
2014:
2013:
1285:. New York : Skyhorse Pub.
1052:(3). Blackwell Publishing: 310.
871:President of the French Republic
746:1958 French legislative election
726:(PSU, Unified Socialist Party).
284:
211:
200:
188:
174:
160:
146:
134:
123:
95:
83:
1229:
1212:
736:Presidency of Charles de Gaulle
1609:Declaration of 1 November 1954
1127:
1113:. London New York: Routledge.
1099:
1080:
1035:
1023:
994:
934:
854:(Algeria was officially three
821:de Gaulle’s speeches at Bayeux
1:
1731:Proposed partition of Algeria
927:
823:in 1946, leading to a strong
542:and reserve airborne officer
538:led by a coalition headed by
2601:Far-right politics in France
1822:Effects in Algerian politics
1107:Thody, Philip Malcolm Waller
771:for a period of six months.
516:Algerian War of Independence
510:, was a political crisis in
230:Government-loyal armed force
7:
2571:Impacts of the Algerian War
1437:Algerian popular resistance
1218:See the debates during the
899:
611:
522:and its replacement by the
10:
2657:
2456:MĂ©morial Charles-de-Gaulle
2401:Rally of the French People
2364:1965 presidential election
2088:Names and terms of address
1973:Organisation armée secrète
1914:Algerian National Movement
1636:Hijacking of the FLN plane
1395:French conquest of Algeria
1087:Gagnon, Daniel A. (2013).
1012:(1793–94), a stage of the
1002:Committee of Public Safety
800:
739:
733:
702:, former Prime Minister),
631:Committee of Public Safety
580:
514:during the turmoil of the
15:
2636:May 1958 events in Europe
2535:
2491:
2446:
2414:
2391:
2322:
2274:
2197:
2165:
2156:
2105:
2096:
2078:
2011:
1981:
1932:
1902:National Liberation Front
1894:
1887:
1844:1 November 1954 Stadiums
1783:
1750:
1701:
1683:Killing of Saadia Mebarek
1666:
1590:
1583:
1532:
1520:SĂ©tif and Guelma massacre
1383:
1376:
886:Colombey-les-Deux-Églises
879:met the German chancellor
760:rue du Faubourg-du-Temple
717:Parti socialiste autonome
694:'s Socialist government,
566:and his activist allies.
294:
240:
235:Counter force armed force
223:
116:
76:
33:
28:
2596:Anti-communism in France
2591:Military coups in France
2566:1958 in the Algerian War
2461:Adenauer-de Gaulle Prize
1919:Algerian Communist Party
1907:National Liberation Army
1688:Charonne subway massacre
1545:Decolonisation of Africa
1300:Jackson, Julian (2018).
1279:Fenby, Jonathan (2012).
1242:Le Coup d'Etat Permanent
1164:Haine, W. Scott (2000).
1134:Fenby, Jonathan (2013).
976:Fenby, Jonathan (2010).
921:28th of February process
690:, who was a minister in
629:assumed leadership of a
181:Général d'Armée Aérienne
2586:1958 in French politics
1968:Front Algérie Française
1621:Battle of Philippeville
835:was proclaimed, and of
723:Parti socialiste unifié
700:Radical-Socialist Party
663:from Algeria landed on
2606:French Fourth Republic
2504:Operation Resurrection
2342:Algiers putsch of 1961
2243:Provisional Government
2238:Brazzaville Conference
2216:Empire Defense Council
1553:Brazzaville Conference
906:Algiers putsch of 1961
869:De Gaulle was elected
807:Constitution of France
798:
763:
706:(also a member of the
681:French Communist Party
673:Operation Resurrection
657:
117:Commanders and leaders
67:French Fourth Republic
18:Algiers putsch of 1961
2641:1958 crimes in France
2466:Fifth French Republic
2233:Casablanca Conference
1798:French Fifth Republic
1775:Algerian independence
1168:The history of France
1045:International Affairs
915:French Third Republic
803:Fifth French Republic
801:Further information:
793:
757:
740:Further information:
653:
554:, Jean Gracieux, and
241:Casualties and losses
2436:Vive le Québec libre
2379:Later life and death
2248:Liberation of France
2182:Battle of Montcornet
2177:4th Armored Division
1815:1962 Algerian crisis
1810:Aftermath in Algeria
1726:Manifesto of the 121
1710:Communauté française
1442:Algerian nationalism
1237:Mitterrand, Francois
1199:"Discours de Bayeux
890:Dwight D. Eisenhower
786:The new constitution
769:extraordinary powers
696:Pierre Mendès-France
502:, also known as the
2621:Airborne operations
2509:Order of Liberation
2187:Battle of Abbeville
1951:Commandos de Chasse
1945:French Armed Forces
1559:First Indochina War
1400:Invasion of Algiers
1224:Bourbon Restoration
896:) in October 1958.
797:, pictured in 1958
688:François Mitterrand
601:overseas department
2611:French nationalism
1646:Week of barricades
1626:Soummam conference
1446:Attempted reforms
911:16 May 1877 crisis
833:state of emergency
799:
764:
762:in Paris on 1 June
659:On 24 May, French
560:Philippe Auboyneau
546:, French Generals
544:Pierre Lagaillarde
508:the coup of 13 May
467:2nd Ouled Bouachra
397:1st Ouled Bouachra
218:Pierre Lagaillarde
196:Philippe Auboyneau
2631:Government crises
2626:Charles de Gaulle
2553:
2552:
2519:Trente Glorieuses
2499:French Resistance
2424:Appeal of 18 June
2394:political parties
2387:
2386:
2307:1958 constitution
2270:
2269:
2072:Charles de Gaulle
2038:
2037:
2007:
2006:
1933:Anti-independence
1883:
1882:
1870:Martyrs' Memorial
1746:
1745:
1721:FLN football team
1641:Operation Corsica
1631:Battle of Algiers
1579:
1578:
1565:Malagasy Uprising
1528:
1527:
1330:978-0-230-57338-3
1311:978-0-674-98721-0
1292:978-1-61608-600-8
1271:978-0-7146-5297-9
1183:978-0-313-30328-9
1147:978-1-62087-805-7
1120:978-0-415-18753-4
1014:French Revolution
987:978-1-84739-410-1
875:indirect suffrage
795:Charles de Gaulle
758:Demonstration on
698:(a member of the
618:Jacques Soustelle
606:Indochina in 1954
564:Jacques Soustelle
558:, and by Admiral
528:Charles de Gaulle
495:
494:
253:
252:
207:Jacques Soustelle
90:French Government
72:
71:
2648:
2543:
2542:
2513:Resistance Medal
2337:Constantine Plan
2259:Épuration légale
2212:Administrations
2163:
2162:
2142:Interwar period
2136:Battle of Dinant
2103:
2102:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2042:
2041:
2028:
2027:
2017:
2016:
1895:Pro-independence
1892:
1891:
1833:
1832:
1739:
1716:Constantine Plan
1654:
1600:
1588:
1587:
1507:
1425:
1424:
1381:
1380:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1315:
1296:
1275:
1247:
1246:
1233:
1227:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1208:on May 17, 2011.
1194:
1188:
1187:
1171:
1161:
1152:
1151:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1021:
998:
992:
991:
973:
960:
959:
957:
955:
938:
860:French Community
827:and to a rather
813:new constitution
712:Jean-Paul Sartre
402:Ath Yahia Moussa
382:Bab El Bekkouche
289:
279:
272:
265:
256:
255:
216:
215:
214:
205:
204:
203:
193:
192:
191:
179:
178:
177:
165:
164:
163:
151:
150:
149:
139:
138:
137:
128:
127:
111:French Air Force
100:
99:
98:
88:
87:
35:
34:
26:
25:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2531:
2487:
2448:
2442:
2429:Bayeux speeches
2416:
2410:
2393:
2392:Governments and
2383:
2374:1969 referendum
2354:1962 referendum
2318:
2291:1958 elections
2287:May 1958 crisis
2266:
2201:
2193:
2168:
2152:
2098:
2092:
2074:
2069:
2039:
2034:
2003:
1977:
1928:
1879:
1837:
1831:
1793:May 1958 crisis
1785:
1779:
1742:
1733:
1697:
1670:
1668:
1662:
1648:
1615:Toussaint Rouge
1601:
1594:
1575:
1549:
1524:
1501:
1474:Crémieux Decree
1467:Divide and rule
1423:
1386:
1372:
1366:
1331:
1312:
1293:
1272:
1256:
1254:Further reading
1251:
1250:
1234:
1230:
1217:
1213:
1195:
1191:
1184:
1162:
1155:
1148:
1132:
1128:
1121:
1104:
1100:
1085:
1081:
1058:10.2307/2610008
1040:
1036:
1028:
1024:
1010:Reign of Terror
999:
995:
988:
974:
963:
953:
951:
940:
939:
935:
930:
902:
894:paix des braves
882:Konrad Adenauer
809:
788:
752:
738:
732:
669:Opération Corse
644:Vive de Gaulle!
614:
583:
571:Pierre Pflimlin
520:Fourth Republic
500:May 1958 crisis
496:
491:
392:May 1958 crisis
302:Toussaint Rouge
290:
285:
283:
212:
210:
209:
201:
199:
198:
189:
187:
186:
175:
173:
172:
167:Général d'Armée
161:
159:
158:
153:Général d'Armée
147:
145:
141:Pierre Pflimlin
135:
133:
132:
122:
96:
94:
82:
57:
29:May 1958 crisis
24:
21:
12:
11:
5:
2654:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2506:
2501:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2476:Gaullist Party
2468:
2463:
2458:
2452:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2431:
2426:
2420:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2397:
2395:
2389:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2328:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2289:
2284:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2209:
2207:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2173:
2171:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2109:
2107:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2083:Foreign policy
2079:
2076:
2075:
2068:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2045:
2036:
2035:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1898:
1896:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1841:
1839:
1838:commemorations
1830:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1807:
1805:Year of Africa
1802:
1801:
1800:
1789:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1760:
1754:
1752:
1751:End of the war
1748:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1693:Paris massacre
1690:
1685:
1680:
1674:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1660:
1658:Algiers putsch
1655:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1611:
1605:
1603:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1489:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1460:1943 manifesto
1457:
1452:
1444:
1439:
1433:
1431:
1429:French Algeria
1422:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1412:Mokrani Revolt
1409:
1408:
1407:
1402:
1391:
1389:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1365:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1316:
1310:
1297:
1291:
1276:
1270:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1228:
1211:
1189:
1182:
1153:
1146:
1126:
1119:
1098:
1079:
1034:
1022:
993:
986:
961:
932:
931:
929:
926:
925:
924:
918:
908:
901:
898:
848:Fifth Republic
787:
784:
734:Main article:
731:
728:
613:
610:
597:French Algeria
582:
579:
575:French Algeria
552:Edmond Jouhaud
540:Algiers deputy
524:Fifth Republic
504:Algiers putsch
493:
492:
490:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
457:Ouled Rashache
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
422:Algiers putsch
413:
412:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
295:
292:
291:
282:
281:
274:
267:
259:
251:
250:
247:
243:
242:
238:
237:
232:
226:
225:
221:
220:
184:Edmond Jouhaud
143:
119:
118:
114:
113:
92:
79:
78:
74:
73:
70:
69:
63:
59:
58:
49:
47:
43:
42:
41:13–29 May 1958
39:
31:
30:
22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2653:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2546:
2538:
2537:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2445:
2439:
2437:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2390:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2359:Élysée Treaty
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2282:Levant Crisis
2280:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2200:
2196:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2073:
2066:
2061:
2059:
2054:
2052:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2033:
2032:
2023: /
2022:
2021:
2010:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1960:La Main Rouge
1957:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1836:Monuments and
1834:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1763:Évian Accords
1761:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1737:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1665:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1602:of key events
1598:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1533:Other factors
1531:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1450:1920 petition
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1363:
1358:
1356:
1351:
1349:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1332:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1277:
1273:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1257:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1232:
1225:
1221:
1220:July Monarchy
1215:
1207:
1203:
1201:
1193:
1185:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1169:
1160:
1158:
1149:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1130:
1122:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1102:
1094:
1090:
1083:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1038:
1032:
1026:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
997:
989:
983:
979:
972:
970:
968:
966:
949:
948:
943:
937:
933:
922:
919:
916:
912:
909:
907:
904:
903:
897:
895:
891:
887:
883:
880:
876:
872:
867:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
840:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
808:
804:
796:
792:
783:
779:
777:
772:
770:
761:
756:
751:
747:
743:
737:
727:
725:
724:
719:
718:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
684:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
656:
652:
648:
645:
640:
636:
632:
628:
627:General Salan
624:
619:
609:
607:
602:
598:
594:
593:
588:
578:
576:
572:
567:
565:
561:
557:
556:Jacques Massu
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
419:
418:
417:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
322:Philippeville
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
299:
298:
293:
288:
280:
275:
273:
268:
266:
261:
260:
257:
248:
245:
244:
239:
236:
233:
231:
228:
227:
222:
219:
208:
197:
185:
182:
171:
170:Jacques Massu
168:
157:
154:
144:
142:
131:
126:
121:
120:
115:
112:
108:
104:
93:
91:
86:
81:
80:
75:
68:
64:
61:
60:
56:
52:
48:
45:
44:
40:
37:
36:
32:
27:
19:
2524:
2517:
2433:
2415:Speeches and
2349:Fouchet Plan
2332:Algerian War
2295:presidential
2286:
2257:
2158:World War II
2127:World War I
2029:
2018:
1982:Other groups
1958:
1949:
1792:
1709:
1669:human rights
1667:War crimes /
1613:
1512:
1499:Legal status
1491:
1487:French Union
1472:
1417:Deportations
1369:Algerian War
1320:
1301:
1281:
1261:
1241:
1231:
1214:
1206:the original
1200:
1192:
1167:
1136:
1129:
1110:
1101:
1092:
1082:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1030:
1025:
1018:Robespierres
996:
977:
952:. Retrieved
950:. 5 May 2014
945:
936:
893:
868:
841:
837:bicameralism
829:presidential
817:Michel Debré
810:
780:
773:
765:
721:
715:
704:Alain Savary
685:
661:paratroopers
658:
654:
649:
643:
615:
590:
584:
568:
507:
503:
499:
497:
415:
414:
391:
352:Sidi Semiane
296:
287:Algerian War
77:Belligerents
65:Fall of the
2300:legislative
2199:Free France
2112:Early life
2106:Before WWII
1924:Oujda Group
1734: [
1649: [
1595: [
1502: [
1480:Kabyle myth
1455:Jonnart Law
1387:colonialism
1371:(1954–1962)
856:departments
677:Rambouillet
592:Pieds-noirs
589:and of the
587:French Army
548:Raoul Salan
536:coup d'Ă©tat
477:Ouled Sinan
472:Kef Lakhdar
432:Bab El Oued
411:(1959-1961)
367:El Menaouer
347:Oued Zeggar
342:Fellaoucene
156:Raoul Salan
107:French Navy
103:French Army
2560:Categories
2449:depictions
2447:Legacy and
2417:statements
2324:Presidency
2312:referendum
2116:Birthplace
1863:Tizi Ouzou
1784:Legacy and
1768:referendum
1671:violations
1592:Chronology
1405:Atrocities
1377:Background
1000:The term "
928:References
844:referendum
776:ordinances
692:Guy Mollet
357:Agounennda
317:El Djorf I
2275:1945–1958
2204:Campaigns
2167:Battle of
1786:aftermath
1702:Reactions
1567:(1947–49)
1561:(1946–54)
1514:Pied noir
1493:Indigénat
1469:policies
1302:De Gaulle
1074:153591784
862:, except
825:executive
639:René Coty
623:Gaullists
487:Kef Afoul
327:Blue Bird
312:VĂ©ronique
307:Boukerker
130:René Coty
101:Units of
2545:Category
2471:Gaullism
2438: !"
2131:5th Army
2097:Life and
2020:Category
1540:Cold War
1239:(1964).
1222:and the
1109:(1999).
1029:French:
1006:de facto
900:See also
852:colonies
612:The coup
482:Guergour
447:Bouk’hil
442:Boutaleb
407:Jumelles
377:Timimoun
362:Bouzegza
332:Palestro
224:Strength
194:Admiral
46:Location
2492:Related
2031:Commons
1858:El Oued
1848:Algiers
1678:Torture
1385:Settler
1066:2610008
665:Corsica
581:Context
532:Algiers
526:led by
462:Flawcen
452:Nasinsa
387:Borders
337:Algiers
249:Unknown
55:Algeria
2369:May 68
2169:France
2123:Family
2099:career
1994:Harkis
1940:France
1888:Groups
1555:(1944)
1327:
1308:
1289:
1268:
1180:
1144:
1117:
1072:
1064:
984:
864:Guinea
850:. The
748:, and
512:France
372:Essien
62:Result
51:France
2253:Paris
1999:Women
1853:Batna
1827:Films
1738:]
1653:]
1599:]
1506:]
1095:(14).
1070:S2CID
1062:JSTOR
954:5 May
635:junta
599:, an
427:Paris
416:1960s
297:1950s
2526:Ngol
2511:and
2226:CFLN
1325:ISBN
1306:ISBN
1287:ISBN
1266:ISBN
1178:ISBN
1142:ISBN
1115:ISBN
982:ISBN
956:2014
805:and
498:The
437:Oran
246:None
109:and
38:Date
2221:CNF
1584:War
1174:180
1054:doi
947:BBC
506:or
2562::
1736:fr
1651:fr
1597:fr
1504:fr
1176:.
1156:^
1091:.
1068:.
1060:.
1050:36
1048:.
964:^
944:.
839:.
744:,
577:.
550:,
105:,
53:,
2434:"
2206:)
2202:(
2064:e
2057:t
2050:v
1361:e
1354:t
1347:v
1333:.
1314:.
1295:.
1274:.
1245:.
1202:"
1186:.
1150:.
1123:.
1076:.
1056::
1020:.
990:.
958:.
917:)
278:e
271:t
264:v
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
