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329:, which Moulay Isma'il also built (or rebuilt) around this time. This palace is where Ismail's mausoleum is located. Though the palace itself was not able to withstand the centuries since its construction, the Mausoleum has been maintained to this day. Since the Kasbah was also a residence for the family of Sultan Ismail to live, the Dar al-Kebira palace also included functional services for recreation such as courtyards and rooms to entertain. The Kasbah was lavishly decorated in the style of
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270:(or descendants of previously imported slaves), many of them Muslims, whose loyalty was to him alone. Isma'il himself was half Black, his mother having been a Black slave. He also continuously led military campaigns against rebels, rivals, and European positions along the Moroccan coast. In practice, he still had to rely on various groups to control outlying areas, but he nonetheless succeeded in retaking many coastal cities occupied by
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As sultan, Isma'il's 55-year reign was one of longest in
Moroccan history. He distinguished himself as a ruler who wished to establish a unified Moroccan state as the absolute authority in the land, independent of any particular group within Morocco – in contrast to previous dynasties which relied on
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period in the 20th century. The original complex was less extensive than it is today and its plan likely included only the tomb chamber, the adjoining rooms on either side of it, and the main courtyard leading up to it. The other courtyards and passages were thus likely added later. The mausoleum is
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Moulay Ismail constructed the Kasbah as a demonstration of his power and as a means to stand out from previous
Moroccan rulers. The complex contained three main palaces – Dar al-Kebira, Dar al-Madrasa, and Ksar al-Mhanncha – and other features such as gardens and reservoirs. The earliest of these
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The mausoleum is located on the southwest side of the former Dar al-Kebira Palace, in a space that was formerly between the inner and outer perimeter walls of the palace. Moulay Isma'il chose this location in part because it was already considered sanctified by the presence of the tomb of
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on his construction projects. All of these activities and policies gave him a reputation for ruthlessness and cruelty among
European writers and a mixed reputation among Moroccan historians as well, though he is credited with unifying Morocco under strong (but brutal) leadership.
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motifs also typical of
Moroccan architecture. At the center of the patio is an ornate fountain, and while the cupola ceiling above primarily features painted and carved wood. The cupola is high enough to allow for windows that bring in natural light. The marble columns feature
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Behind the courtyard's eastern wall are the mausoleum chamber and adjoining rooms. The northernmost of these rooms, which can be accessed directly from the northeastern corner of the courtyard, consists of an indoor patio or courtyard covered by a high
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columns arranged in groups of three at each corner, around which runs a gallery space. Another mihrab is set into the eastern wall, while a small side-chamber is set into the western wall. The pavement and lower walls are decorated with
1026:
Cressier, Patrice; Touri, Abdelaziz (2019). "Le long voyage des chapiteaux du Royal Golf de Dar EsSalam à Rabat. Utilisation et réutilisation d'un élément clef de l'architecture islamique d'Occident en époque moderne et contemporaine".
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The funerary complex consists of various courtyards and chambers. The main central courtyard, located on the west side of the tomb chamber, is sparsely decorated except for a central fountain and
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333:. Though Moulay Ismail was wealthy and had put a lot of his own money into its construction, he also stole from other palaces for his palace complex, such as the '
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mystic. The complex was first built in 1703 under Moulay Isma'il, but was modified and expanded multiple times, in particular under his son and brief successor,
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The funerary complex was originally entered from the north, directly from the Dar al-Kebira palace. The current entrance to the south dates from the
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motifs. These marble columns, as well as the ornately-carved marble panels in the archway leading to the mausoleum antechamber, are believed to be
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attempts to gain influence in
Morocco and established Morocco on more equal diplomatic footing with European powers in part by forcing them to
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441:, typical of Moroccan architecture. The upper walls and the areas around the mihrab and doorways are decorated with carved and painted
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tiles featuring geometric patterns along the lower walls and more carved stucco decoration on the upper walls. They also hold several
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inscriptions and arabesque motifs in a style similar to the marble tombstones of the
Saadian Tombs. The tomb chamber also holds two
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249:). It consisted of several distinct palace complexes and other facilities spread across a vast area enclosed by fortified walls.
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in 1672. Breaking with tradition, he chose to make Meknes as his capital. Here, he built a monumental imperial palace-city (
337:'. Some of the things that were plundered from the 'Badi Palace' were different types of wood, ivory and ceramic tiles.
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palaces was the Dar al-Kebira, located in the northern part of the kasbah and finished in 1679. It was adjoined by the
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736:"Les relations entre ville et ensemble palatial dans les " villes impériales " marocaines : Marrakech et Meknès"
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fleets which he heavily sponsored as a means of both revenue and warfare. While in captivity, prisoners were often
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Les Palais dans la ville : Espaces urbains et lieux de la puissance publique dans la Méditerranée médiévale
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On the south side of the patio chamber is a large archway with ornate wooden doors which leads to a rectangular
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El
Khammar, Abdeltif (2017). "La mosquée de Lālla ʿAwda à Meknès: Histoire, architecture et mobilier en bois".
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certain tribes or regions as the base of their power. He succeeded in part by creating a new army composed of
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s) of Moulay Isma'il (died 1727), his son and successor Ahmad ad-Dhahabi (died 1729), and the later sultan
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Main courtyard next to the mausoleum (looking east; cupola of the tomb chamber visible in the upper right)
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Touri, Abdelaziz; Benaboud, Mhammad; Boujibar El-Khatib, Naïma; Lakhdar, Kamal; Mezzine, Mohamed (2010).
505:(died 1859). On the south side of the mausoleum is another large reading room divided by a triple-arched
742:, Collection d’histoire et d’archéologie médiévales, Presses universitaires de Lyon, pp. 325–341,
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358:(who ruled, with interruptions, between 1727 and 1729), who was in turn buried here afterwards. Sultan
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791:(2 ed.). Ministère des Affaires Culturelles du Royaume du Maroc & Museum With No Frontiers.
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The indoor patio chamber to the north of the mausoleum, with a central fountain and marble columns
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which precedes the actual mausoleum chamber. The mausoleum is a square chamber which holds the
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from Moulay Isma'il's tomb, in addition to being a significant tourist attraction in the city.
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One of the archways and passages leading towards the main courtyard of the funerary complex
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ceiling. The layout of this patio is similar to the
Chamber of the Twelve Columns in the
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Barrucand, Marianne (2019-11-18), Boucheron, Patrick; Chiffoleau, Jacques (eds.),
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chandeliers. The royal tombstones are made of marble and are richly carved with
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The main entrance of the funerary complex today, off a main street to the south
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The gate of the Dar al-Kebira palace, still located near the mausoleum today
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pavement. The western and eastern sides of the courtyard are occupied by
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captives at his court. These
Christians were mostly captured by Moroccan
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and containing book cabinets. Each of these chambers is covered with
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Islamic Palace
Architecture in the Western Mediterranean: A History
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The tomb of Moulay Ismail (alongside another member of his dynasty)
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The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual
200:(citadel). It is a major historic and religious site in the city.
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Bloom, Jonathan M.; Blair, Sheila S., eds. (2009). "Meknès".
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650:-era carved marble panel at the entrance to the tomb chamber
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Moulay Isma'il became sultan upon the death of his brother
1109:"Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail | Meknes, Morocco Attractions"
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Le Maroc andalou : à la découverte d'un art de vivre
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throughout his territories. He put a definitive end to
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The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture
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Black Morocco: A History of Slavery, Race, and Islam
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Main courtyard next to the mausoleum (looking west)
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1095:A practical guide to Islamic Monuments in Morocco
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847:Histoire du Maroc: de Moulay Idrîs à Mohammed VI
362:, who died in 1859, was also buried here later.
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137:historic site, mosque, & tourist attraction
989:Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers
867:A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period
428:, consisting of a square delineated by twelve
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690:. Oxford University Press. pp. 475–476.
243:) on the southwest side of the old city (the
723:. Oxford University Press. pp. 309–312.
635:ceiling and stucco-carved walls of the patio
437:tilework that feature circular or radiating
1053:Marrakech: Splendeurs saadiennes: 1550-1650
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869:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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696:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T001442
370:still visited today by Moroccans seeking
1097:. Charlottesville, VA: The Baraka Press.
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474:taken by Moulay Isma'il from the former
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1138:in Manar al-Athar digital photo archive
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1082:(12th ed.). Rough Guides. 2019.
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192:. It contains the tomb of Sultan
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209:Context: Moulay Isma'il's reign
821:. Edinburgh University Press.
48:View into the tomb chamber of
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1382:Meknes Royal Military Academy
1303:Rabbi Meir Toledano Synagogue
894:. Cambridge University Press.
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348:Sidi 'Abd ar-Rahman al-Majdub
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1003:"Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail"
341:Development of the mausoleum
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1345:Isawiyya (Sufi brotherhood)
525:which were gifts from King
167:Mausoleum of Moulay Isma'il
22:Mausoleum of Moulay Isma'il
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985:"Mulay Isma'il Mausoleum"
950:"Palace of Mulay Isma'il"
890:El Hamel, Chouki (2013).
865:Abun-Nasr, Jamil (1987).
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1324:Moulay Ismail University
1093:Parker, Richard (1981).
954:Museum With No Frontiers
1235:Kasbah of Moulay Ismail
1051:Salmon, Xavier (2016).
380:Architecture and layout
312:Kasbah of Moulay Ismail
1293:Bab Berdieyinne Mosque
1283:Grand Mosque of Meknes
845:Rivet, Daniel (2012).
719:Arnold, Felix (2017).
412:(niche indicating the
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142:Architectural style(s)
100:33.891000°N 5.562944°W
1408:Mausoleums in Morocco
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1196:Historical monuments
911:"Qasba Mulay Ismaïl"
360:Moulay Abd ar-Rahman
231:manuscript from 1690
105:33.891000; -5.562944
1418:'Alawi architecture
938:. LII (3): 255–275.
519:Arabic calligraphic
480:Kasbah of Marrakesh
414:direction of prayer
367:French protectorate
175:ضريح المولى إسماعيل
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60:mausoleum, cemetery
36:ضريح المولى إسماعيل
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1243:Bab Mansur al-'Alj
1220:Bou Inania Madrasa
1055:. Paris: LienArt.
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198:his former Kasbah
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88:33°53′27.6″N
27:
1263:Qara Prison
631:The wooden
605:calligraphy
535:Jama' Rkham
491:antechamber
484:Badi Palace
335:Badi palace
134:Current use
103: /
91:5°33′46.6″W
79:Coordinates
28:Native name
1397:Categories
1361:COD Meknès
1118:2020-08-02
1012:2020-08-28
960:2021-12-06
920:2021-12-06
876:0521337674
755:2020-06-07
668:References
495:tombstones
456:Andalusian
451:epigraphic
445:featuring
306:The Kasbah
1312:Education
849:. Fayard.
527:Louis XIV
454:Moroccan-
447:arabesque
402:of three
400:porticoes
291:Christian
1187:Timeline
499:mqabriya
468:palmette
280:taxation
150:Moroccan
65:Location
1333:Culture
1180:History
1007:Archnet
915:Archnet
648:Saadian
476:Saadian
284:Ottoman
272:England
266:) from
204:History
190:Morocco
179:Islamic
154:Moorish
116:Founder
73:Morocco
1203:Medina
1173:Meknes
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633:cupola
588:mihrab
531:France
515:bronze
511:zellij
507:arcade
472:spolia
466:, and
443:stucco
435:zellij
430:marble
422:cupola
409:mihrab
395:zellij
373:baraka
295:pirate
288:ransom
258:slaves
246:medina
241:kasbah
229:French
186:Meknes
171:Arabic
146:'Alawi
69:Meknes
32:Arabic
1375:other
1354:Sport
276:Spain
260:(the
255:Black
227:in a
126:Built
1057:ISBN
871:ISBN
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793:ISBN
744:ISBN
700:ISBN
585:The
464:palm
460:leaf
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